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. Portland, Omm. - : . 1
Enter tt thPofct PoOrWJ.
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class ottr.
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FOREIGN ADVERTISING KEPBE8ENTATIV
,22 Jnfth Ttm, Sew York; SOQ uum
Buildlnc UmoMO.
Subacrl
ptiaa terms by mau, or snj a
the United Bute 'or mkx
DAILY (MOBNIN9 OB AFTEB500JO
ruim'wa : 12 BO I On month..... .zo
ImOn JZBOO AND
One yf; , .87.80 Oi month 6 .
' Twas tha nUht baton Christmas, when mil
through the house
Not eresturs u stixrhif not erea
The ItocklnM were hum T the chimney
, " with ear. , .
Is hopes that St Nicholas tooa would be
there.
Clamant O. Moore.
WHEN WOUNDED IN ACTION
HE Journal has received the fol
lowing letter:
'In the matter of certain state-
g sm ."; i -
J ments which appear In your leading
T editortal, December 19. . paragraph
five. r : To quote : I
."Whll, the senate was considering this
traatv. Oermany ratified it. Great Brl-
tain ratified it Trance ratified it Italy
ratified it Japan ratified it"
. As a matter of absolute fact is it not
' true that to date Germany and Great
which have formally, legally and finally
ratified the treaty?
necessary for ratification In these coun-
tries, and the dates en which these steps
wrm L. ..m or, Vftr
answer the same prominence you havejpers carry the items for ready refer
given to the statements quoted above 7-
K!o. nh,pr . V.arrlpH hv the news-
papers as the respective ratifications
took place. In England it was by the
Mmmnni in SVanrft hv the demit es.
In Italy, and Japan by the crown.
Whether ratification In each was
"legal, formal and final" is of no
consequence.
The technical steps could be ex
plained here. But why do it? Why
waste the space on a quibble?
Why not be thinking of the treaty
nrf of AmPTlna's relation to the treatv
-as the "soldier wounded in action"
thinks about it. Here is what he said
in his letter to the New York Times:
! "To those who onnose the oroDOsed
i.iiiftf Nfitinns either her.anse.
they, are not in favor of the policies 1
of our nresldent (which would be
v nrrnvv-mindeH of theml. or he-
cause of some other reason, and who
i . . ...
Vmii Mill A A en AST MM k M tl
r wu wu u., uocr dccu .C
rrs of war. who have never seen
a.man aisappear, uerany u.own 10
a,oms, on oeing mruca ny a sneu;
who have never heard the shrieks of
wounded -. human beings, who have
never, heard the hysterical laughter
of a man as he gazes at the stump
where his hand was a moment ago,
Ayho have never heard the cries, the
groans, the swearing, the praying of
men' with festering wounds, lying in
a first aid station, waiting too long
ana m yam for ambulances; who have
never witnessed the terror of those
men when the station is gassed and
taere are no gas. masks; who have
How, seen oonvaiesceni, totally
oima ana wim domi nanas ampuwtea
?or' ' wrists-can you say mai
' u vuiu ui oiijuiniR 111 uiuci
M - Prevent this frightfulness. this
; .savagery, this horror, from occurring
naaiu 19 uitrc tiujr uiiier way iiihumq defraud
ion 0f power?
"Will a BimDle treatv nmnnir the
creater nations nrevent a renrrenre
' ' "r v..0 vai
f 'K .n .omr, o. r!
v. uouiiou, una
made? lis not the League of Nations.
flnronoserl elaefie. enough nrf U.H
enniiffh: uh a .ver Ha H,fa 4
' - - - """ v, I""
sure , world peace? Is It not a step
-and, the only possible step-in the
right direction? I firmly believe so.
If there Is another way, speak it out.
If not, for God's sake, stop opposing
this ene remedy,
"WYfclAN RICHARDSON,
"Wounded In action.
TBoston, March 18, 1919."
$Thm Jan&nesa hav a -)nrminV
custom of washing the face and
hands In symbol of the cleansing of
the heart Just before New Tear's
day. It Is a good thing to begin the
New; Year with debts paid, disputes
reconciled,! affronts forgiven and
quarrels, forgotten, . .-
NOT UNGRATEFUL
0f
r. it . . .
iicuu.x uiauuiHciurers are giving
cuiyiujiueuk to aooui iwu serv
ice men. ,
These service men were Idle.
There , was no work for them to do.
x- in . .
,i'v jiusinuus were open w xnem. .'me
manufacturers ' created iplaces i for
""nvfjave wiem employment m orderiwno nnancea their, enterprises alon
" V'Ui!KHKeYer oc .saia mai - me
commonwealths or Oregon was :;unS
grateiui to mose. wno went to war-
Every, factory, by reason of the la -
crease In Its number of . employes, will
produce more goods. More goods will,
la. fact, be thus produced thanthe
normal market demands. .The , over
production will be the direct resqlt
of the patriotic action of the manu
facturers in giving employment to
Idle soldiers and sailors who were out
of jobs. r "' '-i.
Now, on Its part, will the public be
equally, loyal? Will, the people more
than ever buy Oregon made goods and
thereby 'absorb .the over production t
Will they, by calling for the products
of these Oregon factories, consume
the goods produced by the service men
who have been thus given places and
employment?
Every Oregon product so bought
will be a direct effort to give jobs to
the men who have returned from
war. It will be the people's recogni
tion of the loyal service of the sol
diers and Bailors. It will be a direct
effort to Seep the men In their Jobs.
It will be an example to the world
that Oregon is not an ungrateful
state. . .
Strikes in Oregon last year cost
employers and employes $1,600,000
according to the report of Labor
Commissioner Oram. There is a
cost to all these things. 8omebody
has topay, In sacrifice or otherwise.
Oould not the same results be at
tained by negotiation and arbitra
tion while the work goes on and
without cut profits and lost wages?
Some day it will be done that way.
PORT PUBLICITY
COME penetrating ana picturesque
plan may well be devised for the
1 Port of Portland's publicity fund,
When a publication like the Wall
Street Journal refers to the Columbia
as a "difficult and dangerous channel
for big shipping" it is time to Join
a largo group of supposedly Informed
f rt i anaala iirfth 4 Ki A nnval an1 ryWa3vTi
aubti oo tv a v v tin v eta iuiu O v
p . authorities whose lmoranee
mental authorities wnose ignorance
UI ocai caannei improvejnem was uc-
come trite, traditional and time worn
t,. i tv. l.
"''-y
harbor entrance is substantially
deeper than that' at San Francisco is
evidentiy n0 assurance that others,
een so near as Seattle, know it
Because we are able to list the
JlV millions in terminal con
struction paid for out of the public
purse at Portland and Astoria 's no
guaranty that other ports and ship-
ence in their note books.
lue uiumoia are in growing use Dy
U1 cS8eia wia. come auu
u u" ,uurc' " 113 "IUCU. uetay
ao tt ru6k uuiju jiu oau riouwscu.
We have capacity for commerce far
beyond present demands. The ports,
of the Columbia offer distributive
advantages untouched by other Pacific
ports with their mountain wall bar
riers between the seaboard and the
Interior.
But it is obvious that knowledge of
tnese facts must be stressed and im-
Passed through distinctive ability of
"e -ori 01 i-ouum lo De us own
Dre8S aeent- The fIrst task ,n' the
PUDUCUy campaign is to maKe tne
commercial world want to know what
"tc t"""muia uaa tu er snipping.
OKlrlB are 10 D mgner in price
an higher above the shoetops in
4vv, awurumg; vo ins eaici 01 iaan-
ion makers. Seven to nine Inches
above the floor will be modish
pour tQ b1x elevatjon nQW
meeta the demand8 of gtyIe- A of
wWch leadB to tne conciusIon tnat
therft muBt be collu8lon between the
manufacturers of skirts and makers
of silk stockings.
DISASTROUS FINANCE
c
iHICAGO recently closed a federal
trial which should stand as a
national warning against heed
less investment in stock promo-
tions. It should stand equally as an
admonition to well meaning men not
to associate themselves with schem
ers of high finance
Judsre K. M. I.anrtia h9a
S. C. Pandolfo. president of the Pan
mojt company of St. Cloud. Minne
gota, to A term nf ir. Ir.
nrison. following hia i,ovima i .
jury of uslng lhe Unlted sutes ma,ls
Twelve associates of the promoter
. wie Biiowing
Vvvcy were noi airecuy responsible
- aa,. a it . . . ...
iul ,,c "u auegea.
rrV, ...IJ ji.., . .. .
L " " u'soiosea mat -anaoiro
Deen lne cn "gent In the Sale
f"."."w vi omc to some iU,UUU
l...l IT. J ; . . .. - .
v I a c"y 01 15,000
: . .1 . u 0 B 01 inai 11
.oJo ny Was ln
f b 2:000: ,a"dA had but 'S000 lQ
:.T r, 7 meei 118 0Dllga
tions. Pandolfo, under his contract
with the company, was to have the
first $5 of each f 10 of stock sold. In
response to the alluring assertion,
w e accept Liberty bonds as cash.
Are on interested in makimt yours
rcturn 25 per cent or better?" the
Lrter "ucceedln substituting
I'000.000 ,n Liberty bonds, held by the
feoPle wlth hl" own doubtful securi-
ties.
The
literature of the
promised 100,000 cars during the first
year of its operation, great buildines
were erected, it was alleged in the.
trial, as a stock selllne
... .. . " O
j"u yci tne eviaence snowed that the
- F"ut proaucea only about 300 ma-
icnmes.
I Automobile manufacture ha.
I to be the second greatest inrinat, r
1 1 ... . r .
iuncrica. ureal fortunes have been
made legitimately by mariufatt.r-
I rcguwr unes.: Tne profits of snlnl
mobile manufacture make It all the
l easier to snare the gullible with fv
1 promotions. Those who lost ihir
money In the Pandolfo promotion will
probably have to charge their losses
to experience. B,ut others are shown
that before" they Invest they should
learn bow any enterprise stands with
federal authorities,' what kind of a
report has been made on it by the
vigilance forces of advertising and
what promotion fees are be'ng paid.
There are enough governmental and
other safeguards against r fraud . to
protect Investors If people, willonly
use them. -v;
In the East Oregonlan's poll of
sentiment on the adoption of the
peace treaty, 831, at last report,
want the treaty adopted , with . no
reservations, . z vote for; a compro
mise, only seven favor the Lodge
reservations, and six oppose any
treaty.. It shows an overwhelming
sentiment in favor of ratification,
and evidences how completely the
American senate misrepresents the
American people. The Lodges and
Polndexters and Johnsons are a big
noise, but nothing else. The coun
try will ultimately repudiate them
and repudiate all public men who
are trying to kill the treaty.
ANOTHER KIND OF DEALER
R. DEAN, Portland distributor of
the Buick, opposes the move
ment to reduce accidents ' be
cause, he says, It hurts his busi
ness.
In contrast Is an article by B. W.
Rubin, an automobile dealer, which
appears on this page. He takes lhe
same attitude adopted by Mr. De Lay,
Mr. Covey. Mr. Houghton, Mr. Vogler,
Mr. Smith and Mr. Fields in inter
views in Sunday's Journal.
Mr. Rubin says the automobile deal
ers could do a great deal to reduce
accidents. They, can require their
foremen, demonstrators and mechan
ics to spread information about
safety.
When a buyer goes out of their re
spective places with a new machine
they can see to it that he has a copy
of the traffic regulations in his hand,
that he has been cautioned on the
point of careful and intelligent driv
ing, that he is warned about the reck
lessness of some pedestrians and that
he knows how to handle the new car.
There is no source from which safe
ty suggestions would be more Impres
sive. The automobile dealers, more
than any other body of men, can ex
ercise influence in bringing about
safe driving. Many "of them are now
using this power for good, and more
are likely to do so.
With accidents once cut to the
bone, the beneficial effects on their
business would be immediate and
marked. People would buy machines
who are now deterred from so doing
by the growing number of accidents.
That the number of accidents will in
crease if nothing be done, is as cer
tain as death. As any. intelligent per
son can see," Mr. Dean who- is agafhst
the - movement, for cutting accidents
because he s&ym it hurts his business,
is actually doing the very thing to
hurt his business.
If Dr. Brougher, who was once
a Portland pastor, continues to De
the recipient of salary offers
ranging as high as $16,000 he may
become the envy of bank presidents.
How different ln compensation from
the apostles who went out to serve
mankind without purse or scrip!
HIS RECOMMENDATION
OVERNOR OLCOTT'S recommenda
tion that William L. Finley bire-.
Instated as state biologist by the
fish and game commission, of
which the governor is chairman, will
win the approval of all fair minded
citizens. It ought to receive the
support of the other members of the
commission. No act could be better
calculated to popularize and re-es
tablish public confidence ln the com
mission.
When it dismissed him the fish and
game commission overlooked the fact
that not without public protest could
a man be discharged, unheard and un
notified, who had rendered a long,
distinctively valuable .and raonu
mental public service. The public has
given evidence that it wants Mr. Fin
ley retained in the service of Oregon
or. as the governor puts it, "that his
knowledge as a naturalist may not
be lost to the state."
By recommending the reinstatement
of Mr. Finley and the enactment at
the special legislative session of
measure divorcing game and com
mercial interests, the governor has
presented what should prove the
means of permanently quieting the
controversy in fish and game affairs.
The propagation and conservation of
commercial fish and of game and
game fish are Important enough to
warrant separate commissions, the
elimination of political conniving and
administration that will get results.
Probably the chaps that purloined
sugar from society homes or took it
as a bonus in the purchase of auto
mobiles, had little tads at home
that were simply determined to
have their Christmas candy.
AROUND THE CIRCLE
H
IGH prices for farm products are
having their inevitable result ln
increasing the area of cultivated
land. , The . government's recent
crop report states .that 8,600,000 more
acres were cultivated in 1919 than in
1918, and that-the total of land pro
ductive of crops was 359,124,473 acres.
The value of farm ' crops, likewise,
was nearly 'one and a half billion dol
lars '.n greater,; this year i than In 1918,
the-total for 1919 being 114,092.740,000.
Everything but beans, cranberries and
oranges commanded higher prices this
year than last, and In many Instances
prices are higher than ever before. ,
Under such conditions the project
of affiliating farmers and labor unions
seems remote. It Is the high price of
food, largely, that necessitates higher
wages, and higher wages are a sub
stantial eause of the high prices of
everything the farmer uses. This may
not be, precisely a vicious circle.
but there will be a period of , years
before either farmers who . receive
high ' prices from . maximum produc
tion or worklngmen who' hope maxi
mum ' production will . reduce prices.
will come to any satisfactory agree
ment that limits production. ' -
What's the use ,of worrying about
the mounting . price; of gasoline?
Possibly the invention of the Seattle
youth will render gasoline unneces-
sary. .
BUSINESS1! BEST
ALLY IS SAFETY
Case Strongly Stated by Head
Motor Car Company.
of
flTnllowta is tha fan text of a aommnnlea-
ttnn tn Tha Jonmal by B. W. Rabin. Dreatdeat
of tha Rubin Motor Cat Company, Inc., in which
ha onraaerredly tndonaa - Tha Joamal'a cam
pa tan for aafa diirins of aoomobUaa and ia
Tocas nnea anppon iot n on w pan t
ntoisobito latereat la aeneral)
I certainly was very much surprised
at the article purporting to be a state
ment oX George W. Dean, one of the
popular automobile dealers, wherein be
claims that the campaign as waged by
The Journal to reduce the great number
of accidents due to carelessness and In
experienced and drunken drivers is
hurting- or destroying his business, and
further, that he Is Koine, among outer
dealers, to attempt to feate sentiment
against this campaign. . ' ,
If Mr. Dean would but stop to con
sider, and look a little farther into the
future, he certainly would never assume
this attitude. Furthermore, he states
that civic bodies do not know what they
are talking- about, etc. The great mis
take that our friend Dean is making is
that he is thinking too much about the
almighty dollar and places very small
value upon human life.
Education and laws are certainly
necessary, but ln regard to a quick
checking up and reducing to a minimum
of the great number of accidents due
to automobiles in one form or another.
the education and laws must start with
the automobile dealer, the one wJo puts
the dangerous weapon Into the hands or
the careless or Inexperienced driver
First of all, the automobile dealers
should be made to see the fallacy of
merely swapping dollars for an auto
mobile. Before turning the car over
to the purchaser, he himself should
know If the car is in perfect condition.
He himself should know that the pros
pective purchaser understands the per
fect handling of the car. He himself
should even go farther and see that the
prospective purchaser Is capable of driv
ing his car. Furthermore, he should
place in the purchaser's hands a copy
of the motor vehicle laws, which in its
concise form Is distributed free of cost
Too often in the dealer's seal to clinch
a sale he forgets that his service and
responsibility first commences Instead of
ends. If each and every autofnobile
dealer would heed these points, Instead
of hurting or destroying his business he
would further his business, as many
people would .reel like buying who ordi
narily are afraid to buy.
I am also In the insurance business.
having been president of the Insurance
Service company for nine years, and I
have seen the same principles applied
to insurance men, figuring that the more
fires and burglaries there are the more
business there will be. That business
which is got through threat or epidemic
or crime ways is short lived, but the
business got on the basic idea of pro
tection generally lasts and stays right
with you. The same thing is also good
ln the automobile business. It Is up to
the automobile dealer to reduce the
great number of accidents by starting
an active campaign among his foremen.
demonstrators and mechanics. He should
be the first to get in back of The Jour
nal's campaign and the last to give up
backing the campaign.
Let us all forget the almighty dollar
for the time being and try to avoid the
unnecessary sacrifice of human life.
This very same thing was brought home
to me some 15 years ago, when my
father bought an automobile. The car
was turned over to him by the dealer
without knowing whether or not he was
capable of handling or driving same.
As a result, 15 minutes later, after leav
Ing the dealer's place of business, he
ran down and hurt a woman. Fortu
nately, no serious damage was done. My
father immediately sacrificed his ma
chine, and as a result, from that day to
this, he has never owned a car. If, on
the other hand, he had been Riven srooer
instructions how to operate that car, if
It had not been turned over to him until
he was capable of driving it, there is no
doubt ln my mind he would have owned
a dozen cars in the interim. The same
thing applies with many other drivers.
Let us not knock this campaign.
Lets get together, we automobile deal
ers, and put our shoulders to the wheel.
Collectively and individually, we can do
more to reduce accidents and the need-
less sacrifice of human life than any
other agency in the country. It is true,
as Mr. Dean says, that the automobile
Industry ranks among the highest in the
land today. Let us not, through our
neglect and carelessness, reduce its size
or hurt It, which we certainly do if we
do not back this campaign as waged by
The Journal.
Many Statebuilders Among,
Oregon City , Pioneers
Here Is Told the Story of a Notable
Debating Society.
The first literary and debating society
organized ln the Oregon country was
formed at Oregon City ln the winter of
1842. The official title adopted by Its
members was "The Oregon Lyceum.'
Literary, scientific and political ques
tions were debated. Dr. Elijah Whits
had come out as a representative of the
United States government, with the title
of Indian agent, but in reality he had
more ambitious plans. He hoped to be
able to become lawgiver and governor of
the American settlers. There was strong
opposition to his aspirations. One of the
questions debated at tha weekly meeting
of the Oregon Lyceum was, "Resolved.
That it Is expedient for the settlers of
tK. PaMfli, art t trt lit ' w tnl.n.n-
ent government." The boundary dispute
had not yet been settled. -It was not
known whether the; Oregon country
would be awarded to Great Britain or
the United States. Many: of the settlers
felt that both England and the United
States were so far away that they could
neither protect nor govern the country
lying west of the Rocky mountains. : The
Canadian settlers and the former em
ploy es of . the Hudson's Bay company,
with a few exceptions, did not want the
country to come under the Jurisdiction
of -the United State. Many of the set
tlers were restive over the authority ex
ercised by the Hudson a Bay company.
They also resented what they termed the
"claiuiishnera" of the Mission party ana
its unseen authority. So the Question
was very live one. '
When the question was decided in tne
affirmative and it was evident by the
applause that most of those ta the au-l
dienoe were tn favor of the formation oz
an ; independent V government, George
Abernethy arose and said. "I propose
that at our next meeting we debate the
following question ; 'Resolved, That If
the United States extends its jurisdiction
over this country within the next four
years it will not be expedient to form an
Independent government." The question
was debated and the sentiment was over
whelmingly in favor of remaining an In
tegral part of the United States. At this
time Oregon's southern border was Mex
ican territory, for what are now Califor
nia, Arizona, Nevada and Texas were
then possessions of Mexico.
The following winter, 1843, the name
of the lyceum was changed to the Pio
neer Lyceum and Literary club. The lat
ter part of the title was added because
a circulating library had been estab
lished and made a part of the organiza
tion. C. . Pickett was secretary of the
club
A good picture of the type of citizen
ship of Oregon City in the winter of 1843
may be obtained by glancing over the
roll of the charter members of the club.
Here is tha list : Captain John H. Couch,
A. L. Lovejoy, F. W. Pettygrove, Jesse
Applegate, J. W. Nesmith, Medorum
Crawford, Daniel Waldo, John Mlnto, J.
W. Walr, Sidney W. Moss, Robert
Newell, H. A. O. Lee, Ed Otle, Fred
Prlgg, William C. Dement, Hiram
Straight, J. Wambaugh, William Cush
lng, Philip Foster, Ransome Clark, H. H.
Hide. John G. Campbell, W. H. Rees,
Theophllus Magruder, Mark Ford, Henry
Saffron, Noyes Smith. P. G. Stewart.
Isaac W. Smith. Joseph Watt, Jacob
Hoover, A. E. Wilson, 3. M. Holderness,
Barton Lee, John P. Brooks, G. Husted
and Frank Ermatinger.
George Abernethy, who proposed the
question for debate, came to Oregon with
the mission party ln 1840; aboard the
Lausanne. He was born In Aberdeen,
Scotland, in 1807. He had charge of
the mission store at Oregon City. He
became Oregon's first governor, under
tne provisional government. He was
elected in 1845, and so Just was his ad
ministration that he was reelected and
served till Oregon became an organized
territory.
Rarely has a city of a few hundred
people numbered among its early citizens
so many men who were destined to be
come famous. To read this roll of mem
bers is like calling the roll of Oregon's
distinguished sons.
Letters From the People
Communications tent to The journal for
publication in this department shook! b written
on only one side of the paper, should not exceed
800 words in length, and must be sined bj the
wilier, waose man aaareM ln lull must accom
pan the contribution.
Portland's Automobile Education
Klamath Palls. Dec. 21. To the Edi.
tor of The Journal Hurrah for Portland!-
She has finally and thoroughly
awakened to the idea that the toll of
injuries and death by automobile "ac
cidents" must be stopped and that the
best way to do this is by "education."
This. should not be surprising, for ever
since away back when Professor R. K.
Warren and Professor "Burnham and
their co-laborers were the moving edu
catlonal spirits of Portland, and perhaps
long before then, Portland has always
had the spirit of education and learning
and right and justice. There is perhaps
no city of similar size west of the Mis
sissippi in which the great masses of the
people generally are bo well Imbued with
the spirit of learning as ln Portland, and
there is no reason, excepting neglect of
learning in a new line, why she should
be behind other cities in the matter of
safety in automobile traffic. This traffic
is new. It throws us -within' a very few
years into an entirely new and unexper
ienced combination of physical and psy
chological circumstances and these
form and change with a suddenness and
variety which a few years ago had not
entered man's mind as possible. This
is true both as to driver and pedestrian.
Then get to it and get educated. But
remember that no amount of artificial
rules will ever succeed ln governing
the natural rules of psychology. And
In the meantime don't be too rough with
the "boys." There Is many a boy and
many a girl who because of experience
from early childhood in riding bicycles
is better fitted to drive an automobile
than many a man or woman whose only
qualification is the money to make first
or full payment will ever be.
C. C. BKOWEK.
Admonishes Employers
Portland, Dec; 18. To the Editor of
The Journal In The Journal of Decern
ber 12 there appeared on page 17 an
article headed "Hundreds ln Spokane
Out of Employment," and reading In
part, "A shortage of work ln Spokane
has left several hundred men. many of
them with dependent families, in desti
tute circumstances." We were notified a
short time ago that Portland also had
its problem of unemployment to the nura
ber of 1500 returned soldiers. San Fran
cisco shares the same serious condition
Anyone in organized industrial work
over a period of years knows perfectly
well how Impotent our reorgamsea in
dividual industries are to prevent the
suffering of unemployment. ' Yet we sur
round these industries with all kinds of
protection, as though in them we had
found an answer to our trouble.
What has awakened 'In me these
thoughts particularly is a perusal of the
government's "Trade Specifications and
Index of Professions and Trades in the
Army." In the introduction to this re
markable work we read: "It wDl facili
tate prompt and efficient placement of
specialists and skilled men in army du
ties where each man's knowledge and
ability will be Immediately most effec
tive."
Here Is the kernel of the Idea. (The
government created a perfect system of
employment for Its needs ier destruct
ive purposes, and the question naturally
arises, why could not this splendid sys
tem be used by the government for con
structive or industrial purposes? There
is no good reason for not utilizing this
system, except for the lack of organized
effort.
We can never get rid of unemploy
ment until hours of labor can be fed
erally controlled, so that deficiency of
labor m one section can be made up
from surplus in .another, and the hours
of labor generally -increased when
shortage of necessaries exists, and short
ened when . overproduction exists. Our
present system of employment through
individual employers might accomplish
this purpose were the employers highly
organised, and unless they organise lm-
li-ed lately for this most necessary result.
public sentiment wiU hand the whole
question over to the government. -
What are employers going to do
about It? Every employer knows what
it means to let the public act ahead of
him. Better start an. organised effort at
once to control . empyraent intelli
gently, before the public undertakes the
task on-its own behalf.
, - ALBERT N. STANTON.
. There Is m Difference .
Pntn the New York Ersnlnf Post.
S First Republican What is the differ
ence between the thoughts of yeuth and
the thoughts of Henry Cabot Lodge?
, Second Republican Well, the thoughts
of youth are long, long thoughts
r Firat . Republican While the thoughts
of Henry Cabot Lodge are wrong.'wrdhg
thoughts. - , j- ' . v, I
COMMENT - AND
SMALL CHANGS
Merry Christmas. - i -
Pershinsr la honnnut. w, rd. la hla
home town. And that Is hot the only
place, we'll add. -..-,
. .
The woman vho WmiM Mttut mmata
In Jail than furnish 1 10 bail, can have
her way for once, at least. , ?
Berkman savs he will ma to -Petrorrad !
and work with Lenin and Trotskv. but!
he may find his Job wUl be for, not
with. !
Well. It's all over, nractlcallv. but dis
tributing the presents and carving the
turkey, or whatever it happens to be
uus year.
A number of men arrested for smokinc
on the rear end of a streetcar were al
lowed to go .with a lecture. Gee whis,
we can remember when the last three
seats were reserved for smokers.
Waiting till aomebodv dlaa i an wit
of getting a position one wants, but it
is not mucn oi a way ir it's an apart
ment one is coveting, because families
seldom die unanimously. However, one
ia occasionally vacated by a divorce.
.
About JO years ago one of the most
popular songs of the day was "Whoa.
Emma!" If Emma Goldman remem
bered it as she was getting out of the
country she was probably glad nobody
else did unless, possibly. Uncle Sam.
Atthe height of the recent storm a
sarcastic tenderfoot Jibed us with "Of
course, this is very unusual ln Oregon."
Which, of course, it was, but what can
you say to persons like thatT AU you
can do is to wait and spring something
like these midwinter spring days on 'em.
MORE OR LESS PERSONAL
Random Observations About Town
R. E. Cianton, master fish warden,
contends that he has got just about the
warmest pair of feet in captivity. Other
wise, he argues, it would not have been
possible for him to tramp more than
a quarter of a mile ln 49 Inches of snow
with the thermometer at l degrees be
low sero, and suffer nothing more than
one big toe frozen when he got to his
cabin at the Bonneville hatchery. Mr.
Cianton and his hatchery crew had a
pretty difficult time of it during the
recent cold snap. When it began to
snow they covered the hatchery ponds
over, but the snow washed down through
the inlet pipes from flume and creek
faster than it could be shoveled out.
Finally they filled up and the pipes
froze and the water almost stopped. As
a result between 6 and 8 per cent of the
fish in the growing ponds were frosen.
There was no loss Inside, in the hatch
ery troughs, however. Mr. Cianton. got
caught ln an ice jam more than a quar
ter of a mile above the hatchery, up
Tanner creek, and had a tough fight to
get out of the ice. When he did his
boots were full of water and he was
compelled to take them ' off and run
barefooted through the snow to keep
from freezing his feet. . As it was, he
froze one toe slightly. He says it is all
right now, because he can wiggle it
without its hurting.
Senator George T. Baldwin of Kla
math Falls, who looks after the political
and legislative destiny of his district,
consisting of Crook, Deschutes, Jeffer
son, Klamath and Lake counties, Is fully
and unchangeably converted to the doc
trine that the more he sees of the rest
of the country the deeper he falls ln
love with Oregon. We have the world
beat, he argues, and as he has just re
turned to Portland after a month's trip
through the Middle West and East he
speaks with' freshness and authority.
Alter the livestock show here the sena
tor went to Chicago to attend the big
show held there. There were a- bunch
of Eastern and Central Oregon cattle
men at the show, the senator says, and
IMPRESSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS
OF THE JOURNAL MAN
By Fred
Starting with aa historic edifice of Mon
terey's Terr ancient dars. Mr. Lockley relates
mucn History oi uaufornias old capital ana oi
noted persons who once dwelt there and helped
nuke history in a day when and ln a redon
where history makins was 4 wonderful trade
indeed.
The first theatre ever built in Cali
fornia was erected by Jack Swan, an
Englishman, in 1847. Recently while ln
Monterey I spent an hour or so in this
historic old building. Abdel Abrego,
who has lived in Monterey for more
than three score and ten years, told me
the history of California's first theatre.
"Before 1847, when Jack Swan Tullt
this theatre, most of the entertainments
were given out of doors. For the most
part they consisted ln cockfights, bull
fights, fights between . a bull and a
grizzly bear, or exhibitions of horseman
ship. The entertainments that drew
people from several score leagues were
the Cascarone balls. My father had one
of the larger houses in Monterey. As a
consequence many of the most brilliant
Cascarone balls were held at our house."
As we walked through the narrow
adobe building Mr. Abrego said: "One
of the most famous entertainers who
ever appeared here was Jenny Llnd.
This wide-porch ed annex to the theatre
was the saloon. From what I have
heard my father and other old timers
say,-, they used to have lively times
here in 1849 and 1850. Gold dust, nug
gets and the old octagonal $50 gold
slugs slid , across this old bar in an al
most endless stream. It was a regu
lar mint ln the early 50's."
e
From California's first theatre we
went to General Castro's old home, and
thence to the Jlmeno residence and to
Robert Louis Stevenson's one-time home.
We passed the famous old Pacific house,
built in 1834 after the fashion of ancient
Spain. The upper part of this ancient
adobe building is now used by the Sal
vation Army. As-we passed a crumbling
old adobe wall my guide said: "That
Is the old 'cuartel,' or Spanish garrison."
Picking up a fragment of adobe he said :
"These sun dried bricks will last 100
years or more if they are protected
from the weather by plaster or white
wash. When I was a boy I helped
make them. We made them of adobe
mud, and we mixed wild wire grass or
tules with the mud to make the bricks
tough."
. As we passed along one of the older
Olden Oregon
Oregon Legislature Enacted an En
listment Bounty Law in 1864.
In the fall of 1884, when the terms of
enlistment of the men of the First Ore
gon cavalry were about to expire, there
was no prospect of new recruits and re-
enlistments. To encourage these the
legislature passed a bounty act. It ap
propriated $200,000, out of which a boun
ty of $180 was paid to each volunteer en
listing for a term of three years. The
bounty was paid ln Installments, $80
each year. The bounty was in the form
of a state bond, payable in 20 years and
bearing 7 per cent interest A state tax
of 1 mill was levied annually to secure
a fund with which to pay principal and
, I interest on the bounty bonds. . ,
NEWS IN 4 BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
James Austin has been retained by
the Heppner Commercial club as leader
of the local band at S100 a month.
Public Wlnlort in Crane, the Ameri
can admits; is divided on a great many
Questions, but It declares that it is
unUed in opposition to the Bolshevik!,
who would overthrow the government.
" a ",7 ' .-i.: . .
"The fellowVho talks sb0"1
the
winter in uaiuornn no-
. ....wva this . V.AK. Bars
the
Lakevlew Examiner. And then U Polly-
annalses as follows: "nw ":,"" "
are colder places than Lake fountyin
winter, and hotter onesln summer, too.
At last, a good word for the; Plumber
In the Hood River Jews: "The mn
v- ma tha anmr about the piumoer s
golden harvest never spent an hour on
his back in the narrow cayity-between
the house and its foundations, with . a
10 below sero breese playing along his
spine while he endeavored to thaw out
a pipe witn a oiowr wreu.
From the issue of the Condon Globe
of December 7. 1894. the Globe-Times
now reproduces this Interesting forecast.
"Swine raising is becoming more general
in this country than formerly, and be
fore many years we expect to see pork
eries established on ranches where there
are none now. and many additions buut
to smoKenouses oi our .
Twenty-one elk," says last Thursday's
il arrivd veaterdav
- nniv MuifAm nastures and
are quartered at the stockyards and will
be shipped to Astoria Sunday to be
turned loose ln the wooded slopes of the
. annthar load WUl be
shipped later on to the different cities
of the state that have provided for their
keeping in parka"
they brought back several tralnloads
of blooded stock to strengthen the herds
of those districts.
Thev can't beat us." the senator
araued. "We've got the feed, the climate.
the range and everything. It won't be
long untU we have the blood and then
we'll beat them all."
The sean tor is going to remain, in
Portland until the special session of the
legislature opens. He would be com
polled to travel more than J000 miles
to reach his Klamath Falls home and re
turn td Salem, so he Is planning to stick
around here. But he is content to stay
any place In. Oregon, after having been
East. Everything Is better here, he con
tends, from the barns to the hotels. The
only thing they beat us In Is prices, a
condition of which he Is not at all
Jealous.
County Judge W. M. Bushey of Marlon
county does not believe in buying things
"unslght and unseen." He always wants
a "look see" before he spends his money
There are some up around Salem
rho contend that the Judge does not
like to buy at all, but they are mostly
fellows who have wanted to sen him
something, and. anyway, the political
animosity of their contention is dem
onstrated by the fact that the Judge,
accompanied by County Commissioners
Hunt and Goulet and County Road fc.n
gineer James Culver, Is ln Portland to
buy a lock of trucks to be used in carry
lng forward Marlon county's road con
struction program. "Old Marlon" having
slobbered along in the mud in the winter
and sneezed ln the dust during the sum
mer for a good many years, has now
got the hard surface fever and is run
ning a oretty high temperature, as is
evidenced by the $800,000 bond issue re
cently voted for lateral road construc
tion. To boost this game along me
commissioners advertised for a lot of
motor trucks, and, the bids having been
opened, are down to watch the various
makes go through their paces before
they have the chosen ones driven up
home.
Lockley
streets we stopped In front of a dilapi
dated and old fashioned frame house.
inis is tne first frame house ever
built ln California," said Mr. Abrego.
"The lumber was brought from Aus
tralia the year after I was born, and
I was born on yonder corner 72 years
ago."
e e
A little later Mr. Abrego said, as he
pointed to a substantial stone building,
"That is Colton hall. It was built by
Walter Colton, who came to Monterey
on the United States frigate Congress.
He was a chaplain ln the navy. For
three years he served as alcalde of
Monterey. He built this fine building
from the money he secured from fines
from the gamblers, smugglers snd other
law breakers. Whenever he sentenced
a man to jail he had him work out his
sentence getting out stone in the quarry
or working at stonework, masonry or
carpentry work on this building. The
first constitutional convention for Cali
fornia was held in this building on Sep
tember 1. 1849. Walter Colton and a
man named Semple published the first
paper ever Issued in California the
Callfornlan."
a m
Mr. Abrego took me to the house
where he was born and to the home of
a boyhood chum who was born more
than 70 years ago In a little adobe
building and who still lives there. From
there we went to see the first brick
houso - built in -California. Before it
was finished one w4ng only being
built Marshall discovered gold in But
ter's mill race and Its owner hurried
north to seek his fortune, and Instead
found his death ln the gold diggings
near Haagtown.
"Its owner, Duncan Dickinson, was
a Virginian. He started from Inde
pendence. Mo., for California with the
Dohner party in the spring of 1846. with
his wife, four sons and two daughters.
At Fort Brtdger he left the Donner
party, taking the old road to Sutter's
Fort. Shortly after his arrival war
broke out between Mexico and the Unit
ed States, so he and two of his sons en
listed in Captain Weber's company.
When the war Was over a fellow soldier,
A. -G. Lowrie, ' whose trade was brick
masonry and who later became his son
In-law, was employed by Mr. Dickinson
to make the bricks and build the house.
Mr. Dickinson, his sons and his son-in-
law, all went to the gold fields, and the
first brick house-ever built In California
passed Into the hands of others r
Curious Bits of Information
For the Curious
Gleaned From Curious Places
, Girls are making fortunes from .their
noses In France and England. They enter
the profession of scent abetters, and find
new perfumes for the ladles of wealth.
power and the stage. Many, English girts,
says the Detroit Mews, are trained in
London scent firms, while some study
the art ln the Riviera flower gardens.
Some of these-students open shops, of
their own In Bond street, where $10,000
Is no rare figure for the . profit ' of
a year. An actress paid $5,000 a year or
two ago to have the sole use of an ap
pealing new perfume.
The Oregon Country.
Northwest Happen tacs ta Brief form tot the
- - Busy Reader.
OREGON NOTES
Final bond lamia r tKn Aim Vaa w..
put up to the voters of Wa'rmsprings ir
rlgaUon district for January ll!o. ,
The Umatilla Mnfnv flala.
planning the construction of a 880.000
garage at Pendleton. -
Word la raswIvaA tV. Am.. ,U -a t-
, Harder, a pioneer of the West, at
Milton, at the age of 83 years.
News IS received bv Hiwui m .u
powers that trans-AUantlo freight rates
had been reduced from 85 totfQ cents a
William S. Mltohall a an
who crossed the plains by ox-team to
Oregon ln 1852. died at Salem Monday
John Deyereaux. who had been a resi
dent of Malheur county for 60 years,
died at Malheur City Sunday night, aged
" y GJUBFe
Total disbursements of the various
state departments through the secretary
of state's offlpe for the month of No
vember were $1,800,000.
i,S!VrSto,n.an.,oe iam Sunday night,
.W- 5' ,s- AotIn. which has been lying
ln the Columbia, near Arlington, for two
weeks, is now on the rocks, and it is be
lieved will be a total loss.
The body of Chris Wldner of Nortons
was found in the snow near Toledo Sun.
! thought he was overcome
with the cold and frozen to death while
attempUng to round up his goats.
Lieutenant Mark Hogue of Forest
Grove left Monday for New York, where
he will take up aerial work tor the gov
ernment and Will pilot one of the mall
planes from New York to Chicago.
WASHINGTON
Two million feet of lor war waaha
awav list week when an toe 1mm hmka
in the Cowlitz river.
The deposits of the 88 banks of Whit
man county total $17,251,063. double the
showing of the official call of June 30,
1919.
Automobile mechanics of Spokane have
formed a secret organization and will
demand a higher wage from their em
ployers.
Spokane and Whitman counties will
seed between 60,000 and 70,000 acres to
peas this year, according to J. R. Shlnn.
county farm expert
Wheat dealers at Odessa srs offering
$2.85 for bluestem, Bart snd Turkey red :
$2.7 for Marquis and $2.23 for Jones
Fife and soft white.
C. J. Hann. a mill operator and owner
at lone, was killed Monday when his
foet caught in a moving belt while he
was oiling machinery.
" An Increase of wages of Tacoma city
employes has added $70,000 to the annual
pay roll and this does not Include the
water and light departments.
The Seattle Daily Bulletin, one of the
oldest commercial newspapers on the
Pacific coast, has changed its name to
the Dally Journal of Commerce.
Forty-one barbers from 13 shops went
on strike at Spokane Monday morning
because their employers refused to pay
5 per cent more on receipts of more than
$40 a week.
Stockholders of the Spokane eV East
ern Trust company will receive an extra
Christinas dividend of 4 per cent, or $4
a share. In addition to the regular 8 per
cent dividend.
The oldest college professor In the
United States Is Dr. John O. Foster of
the College of Puget Sound, who cele
brated his eighty-sixth birthday ln Seat
tle December 13.
Hugh M. Caldwell, former prosecuting
attorney and a major in the fudge advo
cate general's department during the lat
ter part of the war. has filed as a candi
date for mayor of Seattle.
Losses and damages occasioned ln
Kelso last week by the cold weather will
reach nearly $20,000, not including the
heavy losses to logging interests by high
water, which carried away several mil
lion feet of Umber.
IDAHO
The Adams Produce eomnanv of Paul
has just completed the purchase of 8000
tons of alfalfa hay ln the Caldwell and -Nampa
districts.
Leroy Jones, former fish and nmt
warden, is being sued for the recovery
of over $24,000, alleged to be due from
him to the state.
Erection in Boise of a 812.000 ware.
house and four or five 50,000 and 60,000
gallon oil tanks Is proposed by the Utah
Refining company.
The coal situation at American Falls
has been relieved by the arrival of three i
cars of coaL The city yet controls the
distribution of fuel.
At the election in the Welser irriga
tion district 62 votes were cast for and
13 against a bond issue of 8100.000 for
the purpose of securing an additional
water supply.
The severe cold spell, during which -the
thermometer reached the record low
level of 23 degrees, has had a serious Vi
effect on many fruit orchards In the --
Lewlston valley.
While Mrs. D. II. Near, llvlnr near ,
Snirit Lake, was oaasing a hsathtat t
stove Sunday her clothing caught fire
and she was so seriously burned that
her life is despaired of.
During the nast three months Idaho -
school children have voluntarily sub- -
scribed $81,460.83 to the purchase of '. ,
thrift and war savings stamps, accord-
ing to the state director.
Believed to be insane over the subject
of hypnotism, Mrs. Lucy M. Mullenax
Is in custody at Coeur d'Alene facing
the charge of murdering her three little
children and murderously attacking her
mother-in-law.
Foreatrv officials have informed the
at at land office that a total Of 41.287 '
acres of scattered lands south of the '
Salmon river are available for ezenange
for enual eomnact areas of land now
within the borders of national forests.
aaaa,Maaa-M
GENERAL
The Massachusetts house of reprs- -
sentatives has passed a bill giving a
salary increase or fS4 to every .Boston
school teacher.
As a result of the shortage of news-
rint paper, one Kast Ht Liewu journal
i. printing Its daily issue on common -wrapping
paper.
Cantaln Sir John Alcock. who made -
tha first non-aton airolane flight across
the Atlantic, has been seriously Injured
in an f.lrplane crasn in rormanay. .;
Exports and imports In November
reached the. second highest marks la -
the nation's history, exports reaching '
$741,000,000 and imports 3429.000,000. -
The national board of health has de
rided to undertake the work of draining
the port of Acajutia, on the Paclfio
oocan, 50 miles west of San Salvador.
A plot to kidnap Bela Kun, ex-corn- .
munlst dictator of Hungary, and hsnd
him over to the Hungarian authorities,
has been irustratea ny tne Austrian
police. - J -,
Relatives of soldiers who fell at the
batUef ront in France, are being victim
ized by cab drivers, hotel men. eorrin
dealers and grave diggers, according to '
Paris newspapers. ,
A store of eight bombs ready for use
and 16 In process of construction, to
gether with a great quantity of explo
sives, have been found in a girls' home
at Lisbon, Portugal. - , . -
Despite efforts of the government to
reduce the cost of living, retail cost of -22
staple food articles showed aa aver
age increase of t per cent In November
as compared with October.
To relieve the paper shortage. New C.
York newspapers have reduced the con
sumption of print paper 10 per cent be
low normal and advanced the price of
Sunday editions to 10 cents. - '.
The plan of Herbert Hoover to supply
food to Central Europe on credit br us- v
lng the capital of the United States Grain ,
mraArattmi hn Kaan tmraimt nvVltlHite
H. Barnes, president of the corporation. r
Uncle Jeff Snow Says:
- A cold spell or a cold snap 4on't show
that the climate is a-changuV'; but ever"
Umfl we have one a lot of folk makes
out like the Lord hat decided to annex
Oregon i to the North Pole, which he '
hsin'tv' Jlst the same . 4 . -.
V