12
THE OREGON DAILY - JOURNAL, PORTLAND, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1919.
IM WDEPE3 DEfN T NEWSPAPEB !
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faded all age. Horace Greeley.
GOVERNMENT BY MINORITY
r -SfillF.RB are new and strange notes
Iin America.
There Is threat of a general
strike In Pennsylvania if the gov
ernor refuses to call a special session
Of the legislature. Suggestions have
from time to time been heard of other
Strikes to be called to compel this
or that branch of government to take
certain specified action.
It is a new kind of procedure, it
Is not a healthy or wholesome policy.
It is a very close approach to gov
ernment by coercion. Its appearance
In Pennsylvania Is doubtless sequel
i to the long practice of 6tcel and coal
kings there of Importing pauper la-
uui i win curupc us means oi ocai
,lng down wages. The illiterate work
ers from Europe are out of coun
tries where people were subjugated
by force and governed without their
consent. It was their habit over
there to resist authority, and, since
they were governed by force, to re
port to foFce whenever that course
would inure to their advantage.
. They have brought their European
Ideas with them. As related by the
cnate investigating oommittee headed
by Senator Kenyon, the steel plants
Of Pennsylvania are" full of men who
cannot speak the English language.
'Th same is true of the coal mines
of the country.
The' result is threat by these lfftt
rate persons and other radical to
ftrtke as a means of compelling
authorities 1 to take such action as
may be demanded.
But It is not government by bal-
lot- It is government outside the
constitution. It is government by the
", minority. It Is a kind of government
.., that carried to Its logical ultimatum
.would mean chaos.
It would be unfortunate If these
' proposals multiply. The Pennsylvania
threat Is a proposal, if a special ses
sion of the legislature Is not called,
to punish the public by denying that
public the products and necessaries
, of life. It Is very much of a kind
with the coal strike which denies
coal to the public as a means of
forcing coal operators to increase
wages 60 per cent and grant a six
hour '.ay and a five-day week. Such
things are a very discordant note In
American life, and they must con
vince observers that the war left us
4 legacy of trouble that calls for
much work by cool heads and Just
w men. .
Several residences, a millinery
prtore, a hotel, a grocery store and
Jt ouple of hold,-ups jfre the over
Sunday acore of the. Portland ban
;dlttL It la as if all the yeggnien in
the country had swooped down on
Portland, but it Is the exact expe
rience of every large city in the
country. Portland, with 66 square
miles of area, has but 262 patrol
men, and that at a time when the
whole world Is running wild with
ferment, force and ferocity.
GUESSWORK FINANCE
ONLY three congressmen out of a
total of 286 voted against the bill
for a national budget.
- President Taft, In his time,
urged the plan. President Wilson,
who had. written In favor of the sys
tem when he was yet In his 20's.
urged It upon congress when he came,
to the presidency.
J Congressmen always opposed it.
They held it to be an Invasion of
their rights. It aroused the jealousy
of all the house and senate commit
tees that handled the appropriation
bills. Members had long used appro
priations of gevernment money as a
means of currying favor with their
constituents.
It wa$ a plan in which the real needs
'of the government gave way to the
personal desire of members to build
themselves up with the folks at home
by, pork barrel raids en the treasury.
J ts result was to keep the treasury
empty" and increase federal taxation.
It was a practice that members
could not defend in the open. Reform
was lonjc delayed by members stand
ing together and secretly preventing
' a budget system from coming to a
direct issue. They were able to keep
the reform in the background until
the war came on and expenditures by
millions mounted to expenditures by
billions, producing a situation gov
ernment finance that could not be
Ignored.
The bill ir the house for the budget
made it necessary for every man to
stand up and be counted. That but
three congressman in all the house
were willing to be recorded against
the measure Is highly significant. Trie
great body of congressmen eagerly
fought the reform in the dark, but
dared not do so In the daylight.
The same situation will probably
be revealed when the bill goes tothe
senate, and there is full, reason to
expect that the latter body will sur
render, and approve the bill.
SEATTLE CAR FARES
S'
EATTLE faces the prospect of a
six-cent street car fare.
An additional , charge of one
cent for transfers may be added.
A pending ordinance In the city coun
cil requires the street railway depart
ment to stand the cost of paving be
tween tracks. The superintendent of
public utilities, in a report, says the
paving will lay a burden of friOO.OOO
a year on the system, and the expense
cannot be met on present revenues.
He submlLs two methods by which,
revenues may be increased. One Is
the regulation of Jitney traffic, re
quiring Jitneys to he operated only
in districts not served by the railway
lines. The other, Is the addition of
one cent lo the present five cent fare,
and a charge of one cent for trans
fers. Regulation of Jitneys, the superin
tendent says, will add approximately
51000 a day to street cer revenues.
The additional one cent fare and one
cent charge for transfers would in
crease revenues, he says, possibly 10
per cent.
The system was bought by the
city last spring at a cost of 515,000,000
and completed six months of opera
tion September 30. The net earnings
for the period on a five cent fare
was $31,610. A new salary ordinance
which took effect October 1 raises the
wages of street car employes to a
total advance of $32,000 a month. The
superintendent says that "unless rev
enues are Increased or expenses de
creased In some manner, the net
profits for the six months period will
be entirely wiped out by the Increase
in wages for the month of October."
In the six months period, the sys
tem has spent out of operating rev
enues $56,204 for Improvements in the
plant. The operating expense of
the system for the period was $2,211,
76, against a total of $1,629,509 for
the corresponding period of last year.
Professor Wilder has an Idea that
should give new color and attraction
to the coming Rose Festival. One
of the finest of all legends is that
which centers about the mythical
Bridge of the Gods In the titanic
Gorge of the Columbia. It Involves
the beauty quest of Loowit the witch
woman, and the contested aspira
tions of Wlyeast and Klickitat which
were shattered when the bridge fell.
It points to the crystal monuments
upreared above the rugged resting
places of these personages St.
Helens for Loowit, Mount Adams for
Klickitat and Mount Hood for Wl
yeast. The weaving of this theme
into the pageantry of the Rose Fes
tival Involves endless possibilities of
splendid drama.
THE FIRST IN YEARS
T
HE first cows' milk that thou
sands of Bohemian children have
had since 1915, and the first that
many of them ever had, was re
cently- distributed in Prague. The
milk came from 200 cows bought in
Ormany by the American Relief Bu
reau of the Red Cross.
The relation of milk to child life
Is universally known. It is a most
important essential to adult life also.
But here were thousands of children
in Bohemia who had not tasted milk
at all since 1915. How other thousands
and even millions of children in Eu
rope have suffered and dM for lack
of milk diet Is the oft reiterated story
in news dispatches.
The full service that the American
Red Gross has rendered during and
since tiie war will never be told. No
money more 6acred was ever con
tributed to a cause. To be a sup
porter of such an organization is both
a personal satisfaction and a testi
monial of lofty purpose.
Harry' Adams has spoken of the
future policy of the Union Pacific
Just as Portland business men ex
pected him to speak. "We will be
governed by wha the people want
in the way of service," he says. He
Is the right kind of a man to have
the direction of traffic for the great
transportation system.
HARNESS THEM NOW
W
ILL Western railroads learn a
lesson from the coal strike?
The estimate is that in Oregon
may be found 3,000,000 potential
horsepower of hydro-electrio energy.
This is. about a third of what would
be necessary to move all the trains
of the country. The rushing waters
of unceasing streams do not go on
strike. There will never be a sub
stantial fear of the failure of "white
coal" while the rains and the snow
fall In the mountains.
The equipping of rail carriers with
electric motive power is proven prac
tical. The C. M. A St P. is spending
something like $25,000,000 In the elec
trification of Its lines over the Rock
ies and theascade mountains. Elec
tric motors operate dependably in
winter and Summer" at less cost than
locomotives burning either coal or
olL . Inventions that increase effi-
eie- appear so .. frequently as to
suggest that the science of electric
propulsion is in Its Infancy.
Goal and oil once burned are gone
forever. Electrlo power is not con
sumed, but Meeds only to be concen
trated from f the Infinite resources of
earth. It is like water, which in
use may change its form but is not
lost, .or like the rays of the sun,
which shine wiu consistency upon
the earth without diminution of light
or heat.
Between the railroads that border
the Columbia gigantic potential
hydro-electric power dashes waste
fully while officials of the lines pon-
fder and puzzle over fuel supplies.
From eery mountain side pours the
energy that would unfailingly move
the nation's traffic'
FIVE DEAD
I
N 10 months this year, the number
of automobile accidents is 1600
greater than the whole of 1918.
The number of injured for the
10 months is in excess of the total
of last year.
The number of killed Is larger by
four, than for the entire 12 months
of 1918.
If all conditions of regulation and
driving remain the same, the acci
dents and injuries and killings will
multiply, because the number of cars
is swiftly increasing and accidents,
injuries and killings will naturally
increase In an ascending ratio, with
the increase in the number of cars.
In Portland during October five
persons were killed. Five were
killed in September. The total killed
in the 10 months Is 32, against 28
for the whole of 1918.
There Is an easy and sane way to
lessen the number of accidents. The
brakes on every cnachine must be
kept in repair. A defective brake
is an instrument of death and acci
dent. If the brake is ineffecti.ve, the
most prudent and the most expert
driver cannot control his car, and
if he Cannot control his car, he is
sooner' or later headed straight for
an accident that may mean his own
death.
Before they go on crowded streets,
drivers muft have had sufficient prac
tice to he able to fully control a car
in a crisis. One second of time may
mean the difference between an acci
dent averted and a killing. When a
driver seats himself at the wheel of a
car, he must leave his business af
fairs and his family troubles behind.
He must think all the time of that
wheel and of where his machine is
going. If not, It is merely a matter
of time until he will figure In an ac
cident. , The fundamental for reducing ac
cidents is an educational process.
Dealersjran immensely help. Garage
men. by advice to their patrons, can
be of great assistance. The police
by arrests and the courts by penalties
cannot do all.
Nothing but team work and a gen
eral .purpose to have every driver
fully schooled in the requisites of
safe driving can create in Portland a
status of safety so helpful to one of
the most delightful and . healthful
pastimes In the world an hour in
the open in a smoothly gliding auto
mobile. Some one predicted the other day
that next year's windfalls of Oregon
apple orchards will sell for as much
as this year's picked fruit. The wind
falls make as excellent a beverage
as the perfect fruit aid cider Is more
in demand than it used to be.
ONE ROOF, ONE FAMILY
t
HE mother-in-law Jokes are bona
of matrimonial tragedy if Judge
Gatens' experience in the divorce
court Is to be an accepted cri
terion. Scores of dissolvents of the
bonds of marriage, he finds. Impute
at least partial responsibility to the
! bride's mother. Her residence with
I the home building fledglings and her
interference with the domestic affairs
of the second generation are found to
be the frequent Incentive for strife.
Father-in-law Is less often found
guilty of Inspiring dissension. He Is
probably apt to be more appreciative
of a home If he needs one established
apurt from his own efforts. He Is
likely t be less concerned with do
mestic matters, in which women take
their greatest Interest. "Perhaps ex
perience iias taught him a caution not
shared by his teacher, the mother-in-law.
But if mother-in-law or father-in-law
is a prime mover in the unpleas
ant phases of matrimonial Infelicity,
the Instruction found in the Bible will
act as a noteworthy preventive. Holy
Writ directs the newly wed to leave
father and mother and to cleave to
e&ch- other. They must find shelter
under their own roof and happiness
in their own companionship. It takes
a wide roof to shelter two families.
Father Cronin Is indeed a soldier
of the cross. It is only to be re
gretted that he did not have one of
the clubs wielded by the two cow
ardly thugs who attacked him. The
yegg breed needs reduction.
A FRIEND TO TIIE FRIENDLESS
T
HE death of Frank T. Rogers may
pass with little note because his
works of kipdness were quiet
When he was the head of a'
barbering organization he had ap-1
pointed days when the tots from- or
phanages had their tousled locks
trimmed without money and without
price.
At Christmas time the mirrors of
his establishment glittered brightly
the reflection of resplendent Christ
mas trees whose candles were light-
ed and wnose presents were hung out
of love for the abandoned and for
It was a habit with him to assume
the care of erring boys, and more
than a few now credit manliness and
success to his friendly guidance.
When he gave up business activity
it was to do more for the happiness
of the waifs of society.
Let Mis epitaph be that he was a
friend to the friendless.
Sixty-five automobile accidents
with 18 persons injured was Satur
day's toll. It shatters all past rec
ords. Presently people will come to
understand that The Journal is right
in its effort to forward a campaign
of education in the handling of au
tomobiles. POINDEXTER'S
CANDIDACY
By Carl' Smith, Washington Staff
Correspondent of The Journal
Washington, Nov. 4. Miles Polndexter,
senator from Washington, is the first
"direct action" condidate for president
to appear in the campaign of 1930.
Over his own signature and from his own
office comes the announcement that he
is a candidate and wilt make an active
campaign for the Republican nomination.
Poindexter's announcement has caused
considerable merriment among the ex
perienced politicians who frequent the
capital. The conventional attitude of a
presidential candidate is to sit back in
dignity and never admit tha he Is a
candidate unless he is "forced" in by
his friends. Polndexter discards all ap
pearance of bashfulnesf. He simply
ays he wants to be president, and he is
going after it.
Some of the politicians In scanning
their memories for a parallel recall that
a New York lawyer. Henry D. Esta
brook, announced himself as a candi
date by direct action in 191!. He cam- !
palgned in several states, but he got no
delegates.
.
Poindexter's entry gives the Pacific
coast two lively candidates, as Senator
Hiram W. Johnson is already conceded
to have the California delegation tucked
under his arm. This leaves Oregon as
the only Coast state without a candi
date. Lying between the home states of
Poindexter and Johnson, Oregon is con
sidered good fighting ground for these
rival ambitions.
i
On the east of Oregon lies another
state with a potential candidate in an
other senator, for if Poindexter and
Johnson are going In. why not Senator
William E. Borah? All three are of the
same ilk in their bitterness toward the
League of Nations, and Borah Is a close
rival of the others in coining sarcasms
about "internationalism." Polndexter Is
believed to have a little the best of it,
however, in thinking up mean things to
say about President Wilson. In an ad
dress in New York not long ago he
solemnly declared that the president is
the greatest pro-German lu America.
This was so unSque that It put the
Washington senator in a class by him
self. The friends of Johnson are not es
pecially pleased by Poindexter's . an
nouncement. If all the Pacific coast
delegates were to line up for one candi
date they still would not equal the vot
ing strength of one of the larger eastern
states. Split two or three ways between
the favorite sons of the West, their
chances are correepondingly lessened.
It is suspected, also, that some of the
standpatters of the East are sacretly
pleased when they gaze on the roin
dexter hat in the ring, for they arc not
particularly fond of Johnson. They
have been glad to encourage Johnson in
his tours against the league, for In that
he was playing their game. They do
not wish Johnson to get out of bounds,
however, and so they welcome the Poln
dexter diversion.
Poindexter's platform, as circulated
over his signature, contains little beyond
denunciation of radicalism and of any
participation In world affairs. He is for
"wise economy," "an ample merchant
marine." "an extensive system of na
tional roads." and expenditure of1 "sur
plus revenues" in the "liberal extension
of land reclamation and internal im
provement." Aside from these generali
ties, he Is "against" on other issues. He
is against revolution, communism and
class dictatorship; he wants American
soldiers withdrawn from everywhere
forthwith, and the disarmament plan of
the League of Nations- "should be de
nounced as treasonable." He would
leave the decision as to future interven
tion in world affairs entirely to the
exigencies of the future. For world
peace and progressive legislation he has
no mention.
llow the Treaty Works
Where It Is Working
From the New York Evening Post
in these United States, Messrs. Borah
and Johnson are thinking of amending
the treaty to death. And everywhere
the treaty Is being accepted as an ac
complished fact ! Postal and wire com
munication has been reestablished be
tween the allies and Geripany. Trade
is resumed. The various commissions
established by the treaty are busily at
work. Especially France and Germany,
the two great protagonists, have been
active in the execution of peace terms.
The repatriation of German prisoners
has begun. Negotiations for the move
ment of German labor into France for
the work of reconstruction fiave made
progress. .
How are the terms of the peace of
Versailles working out in the applica
tion? -There Is th making here of a
very prettjr; though academic, quarrel
between those who three months ago
condemned the treaty as a completed
Iniquity and a crime and those who ac
cepted the treaty because they regarded
It as In many vital matters a tentative
instrument to be changed and perfected
in a;ordance with right and necessity.
Little attention has been paid in this
country to a news item now several
weeks old to the effect that the French
have consented to cut down by one half
the annual delivery of 40,000.000 tons of
coal by Germany prescribed in the
treatyJf we recall how much stress was
laid upon the Inevitable crippling of Ger
man industry by the requisition of the
40,000,000 tons, it 1 obvious that a sig
nificant change in the treaty of Ver
sailles .has been effected with almost
routine quiet '
It la now admitted that an honest
endeavor can be made to "work" the
peace ;. arrangements "by quietly drop
ping those parts of the treaty which are
unworkable." They will be dropped ;
but not quietly in the sense .of shame
facedly. The amending process was
foreseen from the first. Hence the
various commissions with broad discre
tionary powers. Hence the League of
Nations, which has been recognized from
the first and here Mr. Wilson's vision
is completely justified as the great
amending agent and executor of the
treaty. And if it be asked why it was
necessary to enact treaty provisions
which it waa foreseen could not hold,
the complete answer is In the temper
auid psychology of the time when the
treaty waa being framed. The nations
were still under the effects of war. They
were, indeed, in the semi-prostration that
They
follows the fall of the fever.
were swept by the irritations and the
hypochondria of early convalescence.
Bluntly put. It was the task of the
statesmen of the allies to nurse along
their peoples until convalescence had
reached the point where thp hard truth
could be revealed without undue shock.
Violent critics have called this a policy
of deception, It would have been a
cruel deception if the treaty Itself had
not contained fore warnings of the truth,
if the treaty did not provide for its own
rectification in accordance with neces
sity. All this aside from the fact that
the treaty makers were confronted with
problems so complex, and so vastly be
yond all precedent, that with the best
intentions in the world many of the pro
visions of the treaty could only be
guesswork. In guessing, the peace con
ference gave the allies the benefit of
the doubt. But it provided for sounder
afterthought.
Letters From the People
t Communications tent to The Journal for
publication in thia department should be written
on only one aide of the paper, should not exceed
300 words in length, and must be aigued by the
writer, wnose mail addreaa in lull must accom
pany the contribution.
Advises Nationalization
Vancouver, Wash., Oct. 30. To the
Editor of The Journal Tour editorial of
today regarding the impending strike is
worthy, but is it not incomprehensible
that there are those who Imagine that
friendly relations between capital and
labor are possible while a competitive
system Thaint&ins? These argue that "if,
if. if" Yes, "If hell were not hot it
might be cold." Such theories are In
keeping with the sense of the cataplastlc
goats and hens who launched the "peace
pilgrimage." No angle of social repose
may ever be reached while competition
exists. Capital and labor will never be
friendly. They are as two dogs striving
for one bone. Nothing under Ood's sun,
other than nationalization of Industry,
can bring peace to the world or Induce
Christ to rivlsit 1L J. HAROLD.
Radicalism
Portland, Oct 31. To the Editor of
The Journal I have read with much in
terest your editorial on radicalism. To
a certain degree It was y-ue, but It
must be acknowledged that radicalism
has made better government. In 1896
W. J. Bryan advocated radical meas
ures that we are enjoying today, and
he was called worst than a Bolshevist.
He was called a full-fledged anarchist.
Radicalism is the only thing that will
get us. out of the ruts of industrial slav
ery. There are different forms of radi
calism. The extreme radicals are the
revolutionists who want to force their
ends by destroying life and property.
And there are political revolutionists.
The later are the kind of radicals we
desire. This nation Is on the verge of
a political revolution. The great coal
strike will force the beginning of so
cialism in America.
EDWIN A. LINSCOTT.
Calls for Iligh Tax on Dons
Portland. Nov. 3. To the Editor of
The Journal I ha-e read the state
ment of licenses raised on motor vehi
cles all the way from $15 to $100 per,
which no doubt will put a number out
of business. Now, while our city offi
cials are looking about them for ways
and means to extract money from a
long suffering public to Increase their
salaries, why not carry on a good work
and increase the license on city dogs
and at the same time eliminate to some
extent a nelghborhoodfiuisance? I can
understand why chickens and rabbits
are tolerated, which means some source
of help to the family funds, and If they
are not kept strictly on their own pre-
mises, trouble ensues for their owners.
Not so my neighbors' dogs, unless they
are tied up, and then they are not out
of sight and sound, which U some wear
ing on one quietly inclined. If every
dog owner paid $20 a year Into ,the city
treasury and. $30 each for females. I
could stand with better grace the very
valuable canines that would survive,
running on my premises, committing
nuisances among my flowers and foliage,
and polluting my kitchen garden.
SANITARY SUBSCRIBER.
More About Hungry Children
Athena, Nov. 1. To the Editor of The
Journal We see pensions quandered on
more fortunate ones who .have no need,
and Justice denied those who are unfor
tunate and needy. We see great mauso
leums dedicated to those who all their
whole lives sought their own aggrandize
ment and who ever waxed eloquent In
worthy patriotism at a dollar a word.
And we see little children going hungry
to school.
And what are we going to do about
it, to prevent little children from going
hungry to school In the richest and most
productive country In the world? The
only crop worth raising we are throwing
under the Juggernaut of Mammon. We
might expect hunger in London, where
there In a legally recognized ocial
caste, fostered by centuries of selfish
ness, or in Berlin, where a crowd of
war lords ruined their country trying
to shackle the world, or In Dublin under
the bane of landlordism. But amid the
hills and dales of Columbia's happy
land, why should It be? Is the remdy
in promoting the Interests of piled up
wealth, or Is It the overthrow of that
system that makes the plutocrat and
the pauper? As long as the idea holds
that capital Is an entity, self created,
and entitled to a toll on labor, so long
will that toll be unrestricted, and those
who labor be despoiled. And when you
despoil a race you debane it.
F. W. WOOD.
Criticising Major Gilbert,
Walla Walla, Wash. Oct. 31. -To the
Editor of The Journal "America has
not yet suffered enough to purge her
soul. No word of supplication was
raised to the Creator at the peace con
ference." The Journal, October 30, re
porting Major Gilbert.
What does tne major suggest now to
make our souls O. K. another war"
Would a million or more murdered men
complete our suffering? I thought this
an Intelligent age. A. JOHNSON.
The Mood for the Treaty
Portland. Nov. 8. To the Editor of
The Journal The lines seem to be
drawing more sharply In regard to the
treaty question. It is unfortunate, in
deed, and yet it seems hard now to go
back or retrace. It must be fought out.
perhaps. Hbw far or in what direction
should the United States be played as
to the operations of the proposed
league? This seems to be the crux. The
best minds of the nation should engage
themselves for the settlement of this
question. It ia no time for intrigue or
bargain and sale, or what is called
small politics. The Issues are too
weighty. They will or may affect fu
ture ages or untold generations. Our
ctvllization itself may be at stake. It,
Is a tune for caution and self-inspection
; not cowardice, but a careful "tak
ing of stock," both of ourselves and our
concerns. Light from 'the best men or
statesmen of the past should atso be
brought In. And the Bible, that great
source of wisdom and consolation,
wouldn't hurt in tha premises. Who is
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE
ajcoiwiic coiueni in near ocer is
pnothing to the discontent.
"Commodore" Hardy has rone on his
last cruise. His familiar figure wUl be
missed in Portland.
If Gompers has a rood plan to end the
coal strike, our only hope la that he
will put on his rompers and romp to
it.
e
Anyone who Is up sky-gazing at 1:30
o'clock in the morning Is-likely to see
"light phenomenon," or almost any
other old thing.
-
If a name counts for anything, that
man LaPoesee, convicted of illicit liquor
traffic would be a valuable employe In
tne snerin 3 omce.
A Mexican army Is reported "cap
tured Intact." Even at that the whole
army may not amount to a corporal's
guard in a regular country.
"Hun people wished rule by military."
says a newspaper correspondent, writ
ing from Berlin. Moreover they seem to
have had their wish granted and see
what happened.
e ' e
We read with interest that Paris is
already alarmed because of the coal
shortage threatened as a result of the
coal miners' strike In America. We'd
always believed that life in Paris was
always hot stuff coal or not.
They say that motion pictures are
gradually finding their way into the
public school as educational adjuncts.
And when tref first lesnon of the morn
ing shall become a one-reel thriller
featuring "Bill" Hart, take it from us
that going to school won't be considered
half bad. .
IMPRESSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS
OF THE JOURNAL MAN
By Fred
f.V peculiarly apt eetimate of President Wil
son is presented in this article bj Mr. Lockley,
T.ho o.uote-4 Homer 8. Ounnninffs. chairman ol
tho Democrauc national commutes. Mr. Cum
mings alio diseunsea certain political phases ha
baa observed in Oregon. )
There are only two men who have
served on the Democratic national com
mittee as long as Homer S. Cummlngs,
chairman of the committee. "I became
a member of the committee in 1900,"
said Mr. Cummlngs to me a day or so
age. "Norman Mack, who Is still on
the committee, also became a member
in 1900. Clark Howell of the Atlanta
Constitution of Atlanta, Ga., became a
member two year's before that date.
Mr. Howell is the only man on the
committee who has served' as a com
mitteemen longer than myself. I have
been elected unanimously ever since my
first election in 1S00. In 1913. when
W. G. McAdoo became a member of the
cabinet, I succeeded him as vice chair
man of the committee. I continued to
hold the position of vice chairman till
I was elected chairman, February 26,
1319. Since my election as chairman I
have visited , every , debatable state,
traveling over 20,000 mua.
"Take, for example, your ptate. I
wouldn't want to acknowledge that
Oregon waa a Republican state, but let
us concede that there are quite a few
Kepubllcans in the state. In spite of ! greatest men America has ever pro
the claims of the Republican national ', duced. My feeling for him Is one of af
commlttee that Oregon is a Republican ' feci ion and devotion. I have never
State, you elect Democratic senators ! met a man who. to my mind, had a
and governors men of the type of 1 greater intellect nor as sure and serene
Senator Chamberlain and Governor j a knowledge of essential things. There
West. What Is the explanation? I be- are those who say he Is remote and
lleve that personality counts more large -
ly In the West than In the East, and
that Westerners consider a man's char
acter and ability of more value than his
political label.
"When did I first meet President Wil
son? It was in the early winter of
1912. At, that time he was a candidate
for the presidential nomination. Some
of his friends had heard that I was
i favorable to his candidacy.. They asked
me to come to the Knickerbocker hotel
in New York City to meet Governor
Wilson. At that particular time we
PICKING A TELEPHONE GIRL
By Bassett Dlgby
Special Con-eapondencV to The Journal and The
(Jhicafo Daily Newv
Stockholm. How ought one to choose
a telephone girl? That question was
put to the president of a large firm here
by two leading lights of the Institute for
Experlmeritelle Padagogik und Psychol
ogy at Leipzig, who are visiting Sweden
to lecture and demonstrate the latest
methods of testing efficiency. The pres
ident replied that he ascertained that
the aspirants to the honor of running
his phone board must have tidy hair and
manicured finger nails.
The German experts do not think that
!roe far enough. They think that em-
t nlnvfipi spa' tranrA ina t-11 v Inefficient tn
picking their hired help. They object
to the Munsterberg and Taylor tests, as
they stigmatize them, as trying to get
the greatest amount of efficiency out of
a man or woman Instead of first ascer
taining whether or no the subject of ex
periment is a round peg In a square hole.
there who will make a practical appli
cation of it? Let him be heeded.
WILLIAM 2. SMITK.
Curious Bits of Information
For the Curious
Gleaned From Curious Places
According to the Mexican census of
1910 some 7000 families of Spanish Creole
descent own nearly all the fertile soil
of Mexico; and since Mexico measures
some 750,000 square miles, it follows that
these feudal estates average more than
a hundred square miles each. Many
of them are Immensely greater. The
Terrazas estate In Chihuahua contains
some 13,000,000 acres, an area as large
as Holland and Belgium combined. And
there are estates in Mexico said to con
tain 15,000,000 acres.
Uncle Jeff Snow Says:
Arthur Herbdasher excused his rushln'
to all the shows In Portland lately by
sayln' to the bunch of lads that hangs
out at Bert's barbershop, that he's ex
pectin some night to sea a suspender
bust and them 'leven-lnch dresses some
of the' stage gals wears most ail b'low;
the waist line drap off. He won t never
see nothln' of the kind, of course, but
some youm fellers is mighty hopeful
and perfectly harmless.
Worst Is Last
From Joda'e
On the Bassans docks at Bordeaux,
France, an old-time sergeant of a negro
regiment was having trouble with a de
tail of men of his own Tace who seemed
Inclined to loaf on their work of loading
box cara with provisions for the army of
occupation. Addressing one negro, who
was especially lazy; he exclaimed :
"Come on, you. felt to wuk, dah !"
"Shucks, sahgeant," replied the lasy
one, "Ah 'Hated foh d wan. an hit's
ovuh."
"To" all's a duhn fool." the sergeant
yelled. "To' 'listed foh d wah. Ta-s-s!
An' also foh de duration of de wah. Now,
nlgruh, da wah hit's ovuh, but d dura
aUon, hit's jes dona begun."
NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
"Crane is the little wonder towr of
Eastern Oregon," declares the American.
"There is more life and activity here
than can be found in cities 10 times as
large. Travelers passing through town
remark of this feature."
Noting the profits of the berry growers
in other sections, the Cloverdale En
terprise asks : "How about your idle
hill land that Is good berry land? As
soon as the acreage justifies It Clover
dale Is promised a cannery. Why not
hurry It along by putting in a few
acres."
Concluding an argument In favor of a
manager-commission, form of city gov
ernment for Vale, the Enterprise says:
"Every council in the past 10 years has
figured on improving the street. There
his been no city manager, no business
executive whose
things done.'1
place it was to get
"When two barloads of tourists are
unable to get hotel accomodations In
Bend and have to go back to Deschutes
to get rooms for the flight, as was the
case last week, according to our Des
chutes correspondent, U suggests," says
the Bend Bulletin, "the need of Increased
hotel investment here."
"We are glad," writes the Walker
Basin correspondent of the Bend Press,
"to see men like Fred Lockley of The
Journal voice our sentiments concern
ing leaving the pine trees standing along
the highway from Bend to La Pine
Mr. Lockley was present at Klamath
Palls during the businessmen's frolic
there and ninde the trip over The
Dalles-California highway, a description
of which appeared in a recent issue of
-The Journal."
Lockley
were making our plans to hold our
state convention In Connecticut. Gov
ernor Wilson asked me what the out
look was in my state. I Baid : '
" 'Connecticut will undoubtedly pre
sent the name of Governor Simeon E.
Baldw in as a candidate for president ;
hence I am unable to discuss my atti
tude as to your candidacy. You may
be interested to know, however, that
my wife is for Wilson, first, last and
all the time.' Governor Wilson laughed
heartily, and said, 'In that case 1 am
confident that everything will come out
all right so far as I am concerned."
"I had great sympathy with the suc
cessful fight Governor Wilson had made
to liberalize Princeton university, and
I had kept In close touch with the
splendid constructive work he had done
in effecting refihns as governor of New
Jersey. I realized that Governor Bald
win of Connecticut was too far ad
vanced in years to secure the nomina
tion. I was charmd by Governor Wil
son's cordiality and evident sincerity,
and I recognized his ability. I felt that
he should be nominated, and I had a
very strong feeling that he would be
the Democratic candidate.
"Since that first meeting with Presi
dent Wilson I have met him frequently.
1 have studied him closely and analyzed
his qualities. I think he is one of the
1 aloof. They say this because they do
not know him nor understand Jilrn. No
American, unless it were Washington
or Lincoln, has ever borne so heavy
a burden.
"When the history of the 'last six
years la written and understood, these
years will be recorded as golden years
in American statesmanship, achievement
and leadership. The critics of the pres
ident will be remembered, if they are
remembered at all. as men of ungener
ous minds who in a period of great
difficulty sought to embarrass one of
the world's greatest leaders."
The theory of these Lelpzlgers might be
summed up thus: If you get the right
men and women for the right jobs you
do not have to bother with any effi
ciency propaganda and experts. Choose
good tools to begin with. Tluy see great
scope for psychological tests In industry.
In fact, nothing short of a new and in
dispensable profession. Good-looking
girls will continue to get the pick of the
slenografihlc jobs, and there will be
wives' younger brothers of fearful and
wonderful Inefficiency flourishing In un
suitable posts for generations to come.
But these experts are. enthusiastic over
their vision, which sees all employes
first passing a psychologist subjecting
them to tests that will lead the best
folks to the best work for them. One
great Industrial firm In Germany spent
200.000 marks on a psychological lab
oratory and claims that it paid for Itself
In the first year.
Copyright, 1019, hj tha Chlraco Dally Nw Co.
Olden Oregon
Lieutenant Howlson's Report on
Population In 1846.
the
Reporting on Oregon In 1846, Lieuten
ant Howlson of the United States navy
said : "From th best Information I
could procure the whole population of
Oregon exclusive of thoroughbred In
dians may be set down now at 9000
souls, of whom 2000 are not natives of
the United States, , or descendants of
native Americans. Nearly all the In
habitants except those connected with
the Hudson's Bay company are -settled
In the' Willamette valley, the extreme
southern cottage blng on 8t. Mary's
river about 100 miles from the Columbia.
Twenty or 30 families are at Astoria
and the Clatsop plains. Between As
toria and Vancouver but one white man
resides on the bank of the river for cul
tivation purposes anl he Is a retired
officer of the Hudson's Bay company
named Blrnle who has fixed himself
25 miles above Astoria. His house Is the
seat of hospitality and his large family
of quarterbreeds are highly respectable
and well behaved. From Fort Vancouver
to tha Cascades. 40 miles, but a single
family has yet settled on either side
of the river." i
Cars Now Rumble Over Their Graves
From the Iwta Bulletins
The school board at Lancaster, Ohio,
In 18Z8, refused to permit the school-1
house to be used for the discussion of !
tha question as to whether railroads 1
were practical or not, and the matter
was recently called to mind by an old
document that reads as follows:
"You are welcome to use the school-
house to debate- all proper questions in,
but such things as railroads and tele
graphs are Impossibilities and rank In
fidelity. There Is nothing In the Word
of God about them. If God had designed
that His intelligent creatures should
travel at the frightful speed of 16 miles
an hour, by steam. He would have clear
ly forced It through His Holy prophets.
It Is a device of Satan to lead immortal
aoula down to hell."
Many - other kinds of "boards" are
talking about efficiency In ths sama
The Oregon Country
Northwert Happening in Brief Form for -tha
Buit Reader.
OREGON NOTES
Farmers of Polk countv have adopted
a resolution asking for the appointment
of a county agent
On their way from Canada to Mexico,
two aviators in. a Curtiss machine landed
at The Dalles Sunday without Injury.
The big steel bridge across the Wil
lamette river at Albany will be redecked
entirely within the next few weeks.
Henry Jungwirth of Turner has re
turned to his home after more than a
year with the United States forces In
Siberia.
Thirty-seven applicants, 10 of whom
were women, took the examination at
Albany Saturday for positions aa census
enumerators.
Albany college will Bend three repre
sentatives to the student volunteer con
ference at Des Moines, Iowa, during tha
viiiisimaa Holidays.
A. E. Brandt, just arrived from low
State college. ben appointed In
structor in farm mechanics at Oregon
Agricultural college.
The Countv court of Whnler rnuntv
1 has sold to 'the Clark-Kendall company
pof Portland the S44.OO0 issue of road
oonus at about l.06l4.
Counly Superintendent Froyt reports
0 per cent of the teachers of Washing
ton county signed up to Join the State
Teachers' association.
The big plant of the California Pack
ing company at Dallas has been busy
the past several davs preparing a ship
ment of lW.Mi) pounds of prunes to Eng
land. Military credit toward graduation in
being allowed by the t'nlverstty of Ore-
fon to MudenU who did work In traili
ng camps in the United Stales and
abroad."
Checks mailed by the Industrial acci
dent commission lo laboring men for
time lost because of accidents during
I the month 6f October totaled 416S and
i agijregated IIU.'IUO.
I Only two producing cnsl mlnea are 4n
the Coos 'Bay district. Employes at the
I.itiby mine laid down their tools Satur
day, while those al the Hever Hill mine
did not obey the strike Older,
l' Manson White, a Portland archi
tect, has brought suit against the citv
of Seaside to recover $M1.30, claiming
to have furnished plans for a municipal
building that were never paid for.
Actual work of boring a well to test
out the oil prospects in the vicinity of
Lacomb will be bt-gun in a abort time
by the. Oregon Petroleum company, a
corporation composed entirely of Linn
county men.
Steven Linn, aged 11, claiming to be
an officer In the United States aviation
corps and to have several million dol
lars In a Seattle bnnk, was found wan
dering -In the country several miles from
St. Helens' and is now in tho county Jail
to be examined as to his sanity.
WASHINGTON
Construction charges for the current
year on the Tleton unit of the Yakima
I project will total $101,013.43.
Washington's quota In the $3,000,000
national financial campaign of Hie Y.
W. C. A. has been placed at $31,600.
The Washington Water Power com
pany of Seattle has announced an in
crease of 8 cents an hour for ItH street
railway employes.
The Clarke County Dairymen's asso
ciation has been organized nt Vancouver,
the purpose being the Improvement of
herds by Importation of better breeds.
The first $20 gold piece seen In )n-
qui'irn i or morn man a year appeHrea hi
a drug store Saturday. It had heen tn
possession of a mill employe for four
years.
Two coal mines In the vicinity of Cen
tralla. the Victory and the Olympic,
will continue to operate, thus Insuring
plenty of coal for ( hchnlln and Ccn
tralla. Edwin J. Franren of Palotise. a
sophomore at Washington State college,
has been chosen to enter West l'lnt by
Representative Summers of the Fourtii
congressional district.
A single order for over l.nno.OOO feet
of lumber has been placed with the Pa-
clfte Lumber agency ut Aberdeen, the
stock to be shipped to Texas lo be
Used in the oil fields.
Ilulet M. Wells, former emplove the
city of Seattle, convicted of obstructing
tne arari. nas neeo remnveo rrom me
federal penitentiary at McNeil Island to
Fort Leavenworth, Kan.
In double commemoration of the sign
ing of the armistice and the twenty
ninth anniversary of the admission of
Washington as a state, Governor Hart
has proclaimed .November 11 as a slate
holiday.
IDAHO.
The" State of Idaho will ronMhuta
$12,400 toward the $3.ono,nno national
financial onmpaign of the Young
Women's Christian Association.
Twelve hundred men are now em
ployed In the. larger mines of the Coeur
d'Alene. dlstrlck of Northern Idaho, and
this number will be doubled within the
next few weeks.
GEN ERA I
A decree has been issued granting a
constitution to Cyrenalca, which Is under
the sovereignty of Italy. Cyrenalca will
have Its own parliament.
T'etrograd has been without bread for
two weeks nnd .thousands are dying
dally of hunger. A dispatch states that
40,000 persons have died within a month.
Paul Jones, a negro accused of attack
ing a white woman Sunday at Macon,
Oa., was burned to death by n. mob st
the scene of the crime shortly after mid
night. John T. Hutching of Alamogordo.' N.
M.. was shot and killed Sunday while
piloting an automobile to Lanark. Four
men and four women are held for the
murder.
On Sunday a bronze palm was laid on
the grave - of Quentln Roosevelt by a
deputation of women representing the
society known as "The French Idea
Abroad."
Sixteen Democrats. 21 Republicans and
one neutral are now aald to he, poten
tial candidates for the presidency of
the United States. The neutral is Her
bert Hoover.
Thomas J. Casey, bom at Wood burn.
Or., and a prominent laundry-man of Kan
Francisco, committed suicide by asphyxi
ation Sunday. lie was despondent over
business matters.
Knoxville. Term., union police, affili
ated with the American Federation of
Labor, on Sunday voted six to one
against surrendering their charter in
that organization.
A country-wide rtrlva to Improve th
health of the 6.000,000 boya tn the United
States between the ages of 16 and ti
has been launched at Washington by
the public health service.
Colonel William L. Kenly, who rose to
major general during the war and who
built up the army air service to the
point of efficiency, haa retired from
the service on his own application.
Seven Reasons Why
Sunday Journal Excels
There are seven reasona why the
Sunday Journal excels In newa, re
views, photographs, lectures and fun.
These are its seven sections. Let's
glance at them. Section One, the
main news section, presents the news
of the day In an orderly fashion
and contains the page of editorial
comment. Sports and business newa
are assembled In Section Two . to
gether with the Want Ads. Section
Three Is devoted to news of tha
week in the fields of society, wom
en's clubs, fraternal organisaUons,
etc, and t illustrated features.
Drama, photoplay and mualc news
find their place In Section Four, to
rether with more attractive features.
Section Five, the automotive section.
Is dedicated to tha motor car, truck
and tractor. The Sunday Journal
Magazine, an 8-page quality feature,
constitutes Sect Ion Six, Section
Seven la the incomparable four-page
comic In color. And all for five cents
tha copy.