I
.4
t r
DAILY JOUIUIAL, FOHTLAKD. TUESDAY. OC
:i. 1319.
!Vtr
.publisher
lublthel every dar. afUraoee and ssnrntna
, xrrjt ' Bandar afteroooo), at The JowrnaJ
Puildine. Broadway , and TwnhUl , street,
Portland, Oregon, . 1 " - '
KitUrad it W PoHaHiee at Portland. Vrcffoa.
, - for tramasteaiee) tkmib tb asaUa u wwead
claw mi ttr.
TKI-ElHO!fr.llalii' tltt Urn.' A-SOU.
. All departments reached by tbic trerabers.
, Tell the eseratee what department you went
yORKIUN 4DVKBTI8INi M CIK1CENTATIVB
Benjemin Kantnor fce, Hrawwkk Building,
22 Klfth erenoe. Sew Jfork; t00 Mailer
.-" BnUdlne, Chicago. ; ' ' - - -
Sabeerfptiow tame by mull., or t ass adilnai to
Ui I'nitttd States or Mexico;
IMII.T IMORNBHJ OB AFTERNOON)
One 7rM t Clite afosJh.,. ,. .
- . 6CJ8DAY ". ? V-.
One rear , $3.(0 f One ssewtb. . . . .4 .8
liAILT (JIOR.fTNO OR ArTKBMOONXi MD
- . SUNDAY
Oris ta......T.6 Una nwnth. . . . .$ .
tla It thl qMejwho hath never
knewn what it U Ui U M o( fame 1 liar,
tt at a awrsatory, to want it a hell.
. BoImt to turn
MOVE O.N
'at TRIP over the Columbia river
'A highway oai Sunday, or in pt,
rl any hot'dajY !eav the Iropres
. sioa'that the greatest need now
. i for better parking and lunching
'places. ; Prwnt facilities aro mani-
. fostly " inadequate, especially if the
day it misty. The highway is more
than a jpassagewity foe traffic. In
reality it it an immense park and lt
fgll development demands that It be
Improved with this conception of it
always In view..- j, V:
: . A start has been made by the Unit
ed Slates forest service at Eagle creek
In. the way of providing recreation
grounds, but th.4 capacity of these
.grounds has been reached. There art
oher areas which could be fitted up
with '. parking grounds, comfort sta
tions, and other adjuncts along the
-, Way. ' .
One of the favored spots oa the
highway is Multnomah falls. ' Here
Is a i peculiar condition. The rail
road company has an easement of 20
teres ' for depot purposes. It takes
in practically all the level ground.
The matter of better accommodations
for the public is under the control of
fhe railroad. ,. If the company te un
able to provide! proper facilities, it
has been suggested that it relinquish
- to the federal government sufficient
land for the purpose.
In jother places private ownership
obtains and the ground can. only be
acquired by gift, purchase or condem-
v nation,! ' ';;;
? It It' not proposed that the high
way be converted Into a park all at
once, but that preliminary steps be
taken to acquire complete control and
to work out some general plan of
improvement to be carried Into exe
cution fn the . years ahead.
In. the - natural growth of things, I
prrtats enterprise will spring up
along the highway and in a few years,
when the public demand for better
facilities cannot be resisted, the price
to pay will be much,- heavier than it
would be now. .
In addition there is the certainty
gained from experience that unless
public control of a reasonable amount
of ground is secured, presently at
every pdlut" multiplied signs like this
will greet the passing caravan. "Pri
vate property; keep off." Then there
Will be nothing to do hut move on.
When policemen in the act of con
fiscating a whiskey still in a Port
land residence were surprised by
three burglars, which was the more
important duty to pursue the burg
lars ar stay with the still?
KLAMATH; LUMBERING
ERE the' boards sawed" annually
Klamath county placed end
end, they would reach one
i to
and a half times around the
arth.' Enough white pine box shooks
; are manufactured In the county and
between Klamath Falls and Weed to
pack. the entire orange output of Cal
ifornia;! The figures are 130,000,000
feet i! Fourteen, sawmills in Klamath
county produce 175.000,000 feet of
lumber each year. ,:
In 1910. there was but one sawmill
operating In ' a j territory nearly as
large a Massachusetts. Each of the
lumber; cutting Industries as It has
entered the country has effused an
, Increase of 1300. to 3000 in industrial
population.; The sawmill Industries
alone,-- estimate ' they . will pay out
1300,000,000 in wages to labor during
me , next 50 or; 60 years, th time
they expect , to consume in hanest
ing the timber crop In Klamath
county of 23.000.000,000 to 30.000.
C:0,000 . feet. - . v ; .
Had Klamath county' only its lum-
industry and Its sawmills with
t!irlr pay roll of a quarter million
Coltars a month, the basis of sub
stantial growth would be at band.
, -iC t miner which nature provided
while yet the Indians, were 'roaming
r e mountains .-and valleys Is an
cf incalculable value. But It
, only one- or several sources of
r venue that make ' Klamath county
rns of interest to the m.j.ne tax
1 xtor. It is a region worthy , the
.-nst transportation, relation ; with
: . t: tnj and it would be a dire mis-
1 t i --aW. , ;
take for tha metropolis of Dregon
to withhold any influence and sup
port that will turn the trade' drain
age ; of . the great area toward - this
elty. -
; m i ,
AN EIGHT CENT FARE?
-3tl.
D
0 WE wonder that.. electrlcl rapid
transit systems are in trouble?
Whlls an observer walked down
Broadway from East Twenty-first
to the bridge 264 automobiles passed.
As many as 15 passed whlls be was
walking the distance of a single block.
The timo required was about min
utes. . . -
And here is the Important part of
the story: The time was betweeq it
o'clock and if 33 Sunday night. It
was a very late hour and a very un
usual time for so many automobiles
to be abroad, but they were there.
The estimate .was that' there was
an average of four passengers to the
car, and that In all, the automobiles
carried over 1000 passengers. They
were more than 1000 passengers that
In days gone by would mostly; have
been carried by the street cars. It re
flects a tremendous loss of business.
Can" the electric 'cars survive under
this loss, which is certain to Increase
as the number of automobiles mul
tiplies? .
But eight street cars passed during
the period. The -total number of pas
sengers in two of the cars was but
19. Some of the others were : fully
filled. In one, many -were standing.
In a rough guess,- it is estimated, that
the total number "Ot passengers car-,
ried was fewer than 500, which means
that the automobiles carried more
than double the number hauled by the
street ears.' Can an 8 cent fare or a
10 cent fare keep the present rapid
transit system In prosperity under
such a depletion of Its business? Is
there any use to try to meet the revo
lutionary conditions without some
revolutionary change in rapid transit
processes? '"- '
It is to bo borne In mind that it was
within an hour of midnight on a Sun
day evening that this count began.
The hour was so late that only fiveJ
belated pedestrians were met between
East Twenty-first and the Broadway
bridge. Yet the stream of automobiles
was continuous.
Do people know that there are grow
ing numbers now who do not think it
quite the thing to ride in street cars?
Do Jthey realise that Mrs. Goodas
anybody is determined to have an
automobile because her next . door
neighbor has one?
! ' Tha long night is ending. Amty
on light Is spreading ovsr tha east
ern sky. The senate at last gives
promise of ratfying the peace treaty
and adjourning by November 10.
SKY TRAVEL
R..NGEMENTS are virtually com
pleted it Is announced by a trav
el bulletin, with the British and
French. governments for a i dally
air passengers and baggage, service
between London and Paris.
One can leave London in the morn
ing, transact business In Paris and
return to London for dinner, or vice
versa. By train and boat it requires
nine hours to go from one city to
the other. The air Journey takes
only three or four -hours.
Motor ear? will meet incoming
planes at the landing places on the
outskirts of the cities and carry the
tourists to hotels. In a two passen
ger plane the fare is to be f 100. In
a large bus carrying 15 passengers,
the fare will be about $60 a person.
Each passeager will be limited to
a single piece of baggage, such as a
suitcase. ' Head masks, goggles and
other traveling, equipment will be
furnished passengers in the two I seat
ed planes, but In the big bus ordi
nary clothing will be convenient.
With these as the advertising fea
tures of an air travel route, we
glimpse some of the future plans of
man. The restless human mind will
never remain content with tnins3
as they are. In its effort to outrun
time and annihilate distance, the sky
offers it an almost unobstructed
arena for speed?
There Is no unsolved problem, no
unharnessed element, no unaccom
plished thing that is not a challenge
to the ever active, ever unsatisfied
mind of man.
Having, ratified the treaty. Prance.
Italy and Britain are waiting- for
America to ratify. The whole world
is waiting n the American senate.
r THEIR MISTAKE .,
0
N THE surface, at least the posi
tion of the steal strikers is pre
carious.
u There is a pathetic side to the
case. Their radicalism nut thm at a
uisaavantage. . These was so. much
alienism and Bolshevism anions- them
mat pnhlio sentiment was strongly
against their strike. . f v
They have been overwhelmed with
military, state constabulary and other
force. The mill owners were keenly
alive to the disadvantage at which
ne striKers placed themselves bv their
nea tendencies, and were quick to
see mat the military could be used
without creating a reaction in public
sentiment : :. . . t
In consequence, the authorities have
gone iq drastic lengths. Public meet
ings were banned. The right of
peaceable assembly guaranteed by the
constitution was ignored. FYeo speech
was practically dead. J i
It all came about because-the strik
ers, by Ignoring the president's appeal
for postponement of the dispute until
after the -industrial conference - could
meet and by display of too much f
the spirit : of Russian. - Bolshevism;
played directly Into the hands of the
relentless steel magnates.'
In these troublous times, workers
can 'do themselves and their cause no
greater harm lhan by a foolish and
futile radicalism' that Is overwhelm
ingly resented by huge majority of
the American people. It is no time
now Cqr workers or anybody else to
be other .than sound sane and sober
citizens. Ih rough and through.
. ss v
. The- Im para tor. the second largest
merchant ..ship in the world, along
with seven other German ships, was
temporarily transferred by the - al
lied naval comnisalon to America
for bringing our military .forces back
to., this v country,; "They are,' now
claimed aa the' permanent property
of -, this ."conntry by tha shipping
board, aa they are to go to the allias
as reparation for ahippin sunk by
divera during the. -war.'. The status
0( the Leviathan and; other German
ships seized in American harbors is
also in i doubt. Incidentally, what
standing will America have in pushing-
claims for- these vessels if the
senate rejects the peace' treaty and
we fail to be a part of the Leag-ue
of Nations, which may finally settle
the dispute ?
ASTOR'S MONEY
WILLIAM WALDORF ASTOR was
not a good citizen of America
He quitted the country with the
assertion that this Is not a good
country for a "gentleman" to live in.
He went to England, became a citi
zen of that country, and at once began
to maneuver for a tKle.
All Englanl knew, and all America
knew that It was his ambition to
enter, the titled nobility, as it is called.
All knew that the lavish. sums he
spent in that endeavor were effort to
raise himself,, "by use of money, into
an aristocracy to which be had no
claim by birth .or distinction. It was
an .ambition that was out of place in
an American, where, according to Jhe
Declaration of Independence, all men
are born equal. He was right in in?
sisting that this Is no country for his
kind of a "gentleman" to live in.
Yet the fortune by means of which
he was finally enabled to become
first a baron and then a viscount, was
an American fortune. The foundation
for It was laid by a fur trader. It
was the product of barter and swap.
It was money derived from no states
manship or conspicuous service, but in
the "average, ordinary pursuits of gain
followed by millions in America and
elsewhere. . -
And it was the average, ordinary.
energetic milfioos-of America that sup
plied to William Waldorf Astor the
great sums with which he purchased
bis title, Town lots, acquired in early
times on Manhattan island, grew in
value as other folks settled in the
vicinity and by their toil and enter
prise made New "York grow and made
the value of the Astor real estate grow.
His neighbors enormously Increased
his wealth for him until through un
earned" accretion It bulked Into a sum
rumllng somewhere between 150,000,000
and $80,000,000. Through failure of
New York city to exact any kind of
a tax on this unearned accretion," a
vast part of his wealth was in reality
a gift to him, a gift that grew and
swelled and expanded in huge volume
while he, denouncing and hating
America and Americans, was using the
gift to buy his way into the titled
aristocracy of England. ,
If Viscount Astor was a Jackass, the
economic unmorality of New York
city enabled him to be a star in the
role.
Dispatches from Berlin say that
France and England, since they and
Germany have ratified the neace
treaty, have government officials In
Germany -ready to forward the in
terests of British and French busi
ness there and to afford Britiah and
French citizens the usual facilities
incident to diplomacy and service
through governmental channels. As
a result of the senate's interminable
delay on the treaty there is not one
American official in Germany.
A NEW MARVEL?
IS PHOTO-ENGRAVING to become a
new rftavel In the art of printing?
The Start made in the proeess by
the Literary Digest and the Los An
geles Times seems to foreshadow a
revolution in the publishing business.
It is no less a plan than toTise the
process by which newspaper cuts are
now made from photographs in mak
ing the types from which the reading
matter in newspapers- and magazines
are transferred to the white oaoer.
Because of a' dispute with,, its . com
positors, the current. Issue of the. Lit
erary Digest was printed in such a
manner. - The ' typewritten ; articles
were transformed Atnto plates for the
printing presses by the. photo-engraving
process and a very-neat and read
able result Was attained. The Los An
geles Times has added Improvements,
and printed a page of one of its reg
ular Issues by the same method, and
tne publisher declares that the plan
is feasible.
Old things . constantly pass. Even
the new do not long survive. A gen
eration ago nobody dreamed. that the
horse could ever be spared from hu
man economy. Who would have sup
posed 10 years axo that the electric
street railway would now be so near
tne vanishing point? ' ; -The
transformation of things with
so many methods and appliances go
ing Into the discard vvas never so
much In evidence "as now.
Men die," but Ideas do not. With the
thought of a new system -of making
plates In the printing business once In
motion, it wit not be Idlyr or impa
tiently dismissed. ; Labor saving -devices
are the world's main desidera
tum. The- cost. o?-plato making for
printing purposes has become so great
and the rewards of a simpler .device
would -be .-c . heavy.7, that great . en-r
dcavor will be devoted by men In the
effort to perfect the process-;?-: ;
It is . not impossible that those in
the publishing business will -presently
bfi called upon by agents, canvassing
for ihe sale .of a' new printing process
Just as was done when the ' linotype
superseded the old hand 'composition.
TREND OF RAIL
LEGISLATION
Br Carl Smith. Washington SUM
. Correspondent of The; Journal.
; Washington. Oct. 21. The senate com
mittee on interstate commerce, presided
over by Senator Cummins of Iowa, keeps
fairly well occupied in framing the rail
road bill which , bears bis name, and
which will later be reported to the sen
ate. The Cummins bill is one of those
wbjich propose a guaranteed return, 5V4
per cent on the value of the railroad
property, plus one half of one per cent
for maintenance total- $ Ter oent and
that beyond per cent there shall be a
division ot earnings, parto the earn
ing railroads direct, and' part to the re
lief of other railroads" ; selected by the
federal transportation .board, -which the
bill proposes to establish.
A fair survey of opinion In congress
brings the conclusion that neither the
Cummins bill nor any other of those pro
posing a guaranteed return will be en
acted. The upshot of railroad legisla
tion is more likely to be in the direction
of the Esch-Ppmerene bill. The Esch
Pomerene bill, speaking-broadly, pro
vides for a minimum change in the man
agement of the -railroads when they are
returned to private - control, ' as com
pared with other; measures much dis
cussed. It authorises 'mergers under
commission supervision, and. it strength
ens the powers of regulation, including
the issue of securities. It specifies no
rate of return, however, and no forcible
merging of p rope rues.
Government 'ownership,' the Plumb
plan and other ' radical departures have
been distanced. : The discussion about
them is regarded as somewhat academic,
so far as the present congress is con
ceroed.
The federal trade commission, in a
study it has Just made ef the activities
of the big pork packers in meat products,
meat substitutes and grocery articles,
finds that the packers are making great
inroads in the salmon industry. Libby,
McNeill & Libby. subsidiary of Swift &
Co., in 1918 was found to have handled
nearly 10 per cent of the world's pack.
The commission's findings on tha sal
mon business read follows ;
i 'Because of the ayqtem of - accounting
by which the volume of sales of fish- is
included with other items it is difficult
to ascertain the quantities or value of
canned 'fish distributed or to make a
close estimate of the packers' Increase of
business In this field. During the fscal
year of 1916, Armour A Co.'s books re
cord sales through branch houses en
tered under K. C Salmon to the. amount
of f336.447.03, and similar sales to the
amount' of $2,709,903.92 entered under
Canned Fish and Vegetables. How much
of this latter item should be credited to
fish there is no method of learning.
Under the 1918 method of accounting
Armour & .Co. carries these items under
Canned . Fish, Vegetables and Sundries,
with no subdivisions. The total of items
In 19 IS sales which would now be car
ried under this title amounted ,to $4,231,
623.62. The total of sales ih this de
partment during the fiscal year of 1918.
through' all selling agencies, amounted to
$29,355,000. Tonnage sales of canned and
dried fish were not segregated for 1916.
For 1917 these amounted to 15,274. 423
pounds and for 191S 20.346,164 pounds.
an increase of 3 J per cent, s-'
I -Libby, McNeil &. Libby deals heav
ily in canned salmon Its sales on this
product show a rapid increase. These in
1915 were 16,698.062 pounds and in 1918,
47,195,683 pounds, a growth of 183 per
cent. The total sales for the four years
1915-1918 were 124,375,647 pounds
"That the proportion of the total pack
of canned salmon, distributed by the
packers not only is large, but is rapidly
growing, is illustrated by Libby's growth
hi the sale er salmon. Out of a total
world pack in 1915 of 7. 53, 592- cases, this
concern's sales "were 347,876 cases, or
4.6 per cent In 1918 this percentage had
increased to 9.7 per cent of the world's
pack, which amounted in that year to
10,100,127 cases. Since Libby represents
only a portion' of the Swift's interests
and since others., of the big packers are
large distributors of salmon, the per
centage of packer sales would run high
were figures available."
Senator Jones of Washington has pro
posed art amendment to the deficiency
bill pending In the senate to appropriate
forthwith $17,000,04(0 for completion .of
the government railroad in Alaska. "Au
thority for this expenditure is conferred
by a bill which has passed both houses
and went to the White House several
days ago. It is expected there will be
no serious difficulty in securing this ap
propriation. Congressman Ferris, head of the mi
nority membership of the house publics
lands committee,- has offered a resolu
tion to create a special house committee
to deal with soldier land legislation. He
is. not satisfied with the Mondell biU.
which the committee reported some time
ago, but which languishes on the calen
dar, awaiting the pleasure of the RepuD-.
lican leaders. Ferris says he; hopes in
this way to put new life in the question
and get a bill, which will more pearly
meet what be believes the; soldiers de
sire. " s ' v -J
i
I The zone system ofj street car, fares,
which seemed until recently to be mak
ing progress in the East, is now passing
into disfavor. It was tried! on the lines
of one of the large systems in New Jer
sey, where it appears to have produced
a fine lot of small riots and rows. : The
Washington, D. C utility: commission
has been considering it as a solution for
street ear infirmities," but is reported to
have- definitely abandoned the idea., be
cause of the burden - which would be
placed upon suburbanites and a careful
calculation which indicated that finan
cially it, would be disappointing to all
concerned. - . ; .
I Here's One Way of Looking
j l At. the Sugar SituatigrtH -
, From the, Chicago iPest,
! Housewives who have tramped from
tore to store, ' painfully collecting a
pound of sugar here and a pound there,
read about he great supplies of this
food which are i held by confectioners
and. complain bitterly ef their Inability
to make preserves for tha winter ration.
f They wonder why. this "hoarding"
isn't stopped; and why, -if there is no
law to stop it now,: one Is not imms
dlately passed. ' -j t I-'c'X 1 1 t 1 f K :
4 We could hasard one reason, ft Is
based on the division of sentiment aa to
hew sugar can j beat be used. - 80014
people like to buy it "straight," atUO,
llor 12 cents a pound, as prices now
run, and use it in coffee, preserves,
cakes, etc . .
4 Others and they are numerous pre
fer it in what we may call a saccharine
cocktail, either liquid or solid.. Let a
confectioner add a few drops of flavor
ing and a few drops of coloring to a
pound of tt-cent sugar, and Inclose it
in a bit of pasteboard stamped with a
weB advertised name, and these people
will pay a dollar and a half for it. -
Or. let a soda dispenser take half an
ounce, of this same il-cent . sugar. Se
wered with chocolate, vantlla r straw
berry, and add IS ounces of carbonated
-ater' ti it, and these people. will pay
fronr 17 to 25 cents for iu-yhJch a little
flouring wilt demonstrate Is at the rate
cf from IS to $S a pound for the suxrar.
As lone as. tne: present large number
of people prefer their cane sugar in this
expensive, cocktail - form, the ... straight
article will be hoarded by the makers
of these cocktails whether home pre
serving flourishes or falls. - 1
Letters From the People
Caamttnicatiao aaot - to ... Tha Journal tar
poblxauioa ,ia Vu department aboahi ba wrttUn
on onlj one ida of the paper, should not exceed
3O0 word is lencth. and mut be tisned by tha
writer, wboaa mil add res in full BMfet aceoaa
paajr tha contribution. I
Oregon's Birth Rale, and Others '
Portland, Oct. 18. To' the Editor of
The Journal Reading of birth rates In
Europe discussed by Sir- R. Haggard tn
your columns the other day led me to
Inquire as to the birth rate and death
rate in Oregon. I learn from the state
board of health that the birth rate here
is very low considerably lower for-the
last 10 years than any year in France
before the war, where the lowest level
reached was 19 births a year per thou
sand population. Our death rate is low
asso, but the death rate in tMia state is
somewhat deceptive. The figure does
not accurately reflect local vital condi
tions, because so many people in the past
15 years have come from other states
who were past the dangerous period of
infancy and far from old age. Natural
ly, this condition reduces eur death rate
and we really do not know what it is, j
considering Oregon as a self-perpetuating
population Unit.
For 1918 the birth rate in Oregon was
15.48 per thousand, the death yrate 9.83:
for 1917 the birth rate was 5.46, death
rate 8.63 somewhat less 'than 1918,
owing to the influenaa epidemic last
year. Take' 1917 as a typical year, show
ing a net naturar increase in the state's
population of 6.83 per thousand, and we
must conclude that our birth rate is
extremely low. I have seen none quoted
as lower anywhere else on earth. Ore
gon deserves a medai as the banner low
birth-rate state, r
Neither is the net increase rate high,
despite' our remarkably low death rate.
Contrast the 6.83 Increase per thousand
a year with the figures for Russia or
Bulgaria before the war. The latter,
for instance, had a birth rate of 40 per
thousand a year, with a net increase of
18 per thousand a year over deatha
Russia had an even higher birth rate
and somewhat higher net gain, annually.
Here are net gains for some other Eu
ropean states: Serbia 16.8, Holland
15.6. Prussia 15.3, Denmark 14.2, Eng
land 18.3.
It has been calculated that If the
population of the United States as a
whole had increased by natural incre
ment at a rate no more rapid than that
of Oregon, we should now not have one
tenth our national population. The 'first
United States census in 1790 showed a
population of 3.929.214. At the Oregon
rate of natural increase of 6.83 per thou
sand a year our country at the last cen
sus of 1910, 120 years after 1790. would
have had only 9,086,960 instead of actu
ally over 90,000,000.
Here is an opportunity for a thesis In
the sociology department of the Univer
sity . of Oregon or Reed college. Let
some aspirant for the degree of Ph. D.
make a detailed study of population fig
ures and of birth rates and death rates
in Oregon covering a period of years,
together with an examination Into the
biologic, climatic, economic and . social
causes and effects of these rates. Some
highly, significant correlations might be
brought out. If competently ana consci
entiously made, such a study' would be
sure to prove interesting reading.
; ' - MALTHUSrAN, .
j. aBaaBaaaSBBSBm -f :
Opposes 2 P. U. Market Closing .
Portland, Oct. 15. To the Editor of
The Journal In an issue of The Journal-
of recent date I read of an effort by the
women's committee to close the public
market every day at 2. p. m. I have
been a regular patron of the market at
least three times each week, but. never
get there to do my shopping until at
least 2 p. m. or after mostly after. My
reasons: I am a married woman, aris
ing at 7 a. m. every morning .to pre
pare breakfast for my husband, who
works from S a. ro. until 6 p. m.- J
have three children, who attend the
Kenton school, and by the time I have
sent them off to school, washed dishes
and done my daily chores, I find that
I have not time to go to market, as
I must have the children's dinner ready
at noon. I make use of the public
market and -know that I -can get bet
ter goods there at much less than I
would have to pay at the grocery, but
if the market were closed at i p. m.,
I should not be able to take advantage
of It. Families with servants to do
the -work for them can ride down to
the market In the mornings just as
easily as in the afternoon, it is true,
out we wno cannot ariord such1 ex
pense and who really have to make
every penny, count, will be the ones to
suffer. Why not have the committee
spend, an entire day at the market T
They wll find that nine out of every
10 people who patronise the market do
so Jn the afternoon. Let them take a
straw vote f the patrons on this 2
o'clock closing plan and they will find
an overwhelming majority in favor of
the market hours just as they are. The
most crowded hours on the market are
from 12 m. to 5 p. m. Would the
vendors go to the trouble to bring their
goods if they' were deprived of the best
business time of the day? The answer
to this question would seem to be no.
unless they were allowed to charge
more 'for their goods, which Is the one
most important evil fhlch we are a.11
fighting "against today. If the com-
net let well enough alone?
' - MRS. S. L. SMITH.
' Oregon's Oldest Residents
Portland, Oct, 17. To The Editor of
The Journal. On page , column four,
of your paper today. In announcing the
death of George Washington Johnson In
Salem, there is a headline, "The Oldest
Resident of Willamette Valley . Dies at
Salem Home."" This is an trror. The
oldest continuous resident of the Wil
lamette valley was. born in Salem,
October 16. 1841. Her name is Mrs.
Maria Campbell Smith, and she is a
resident of this city. Probably a score
or more persons could be named wRo
were In the Willamette - valley , before
1847 and have been continuous residents
ever since. A few of them MS the
following: W. C. Hetnbree. itJZ. Mc
Minnvilie; ' Mrs, Charlotte Matheny
Kirkwood, 1843, Hopewell ; J. C. Nelson.
1844, Newberg ; T. - J. Nelson, : 1844,
Carlton : Mrs. T. J. Hay terr Mrs. Alice
Dempsey and John B. Embree two
sisters and a brother all of Dallas:
Mrs. Alice Gibson, born in Yamhill
county in 1844, now in Orenco, Washing
ton county; Mrs.-Mary Robinson Gilkey,
bo an In Yamhill county to 184$, Dayton.
GEORGE H. HIMES.
-'. Sign Your Communication
If "Subscriber; of Yamhill, Or., will
send The Journal his name his question
will receive attention.
, Tbe Smith-Towner Bill
Seaside,. Oct 15. To the Editor' of
The Journal Let ma . extend .. to . The
Journal, my heartfelt thanks for the
article on "Illiteracy ."by Franklia - .
Lane, appearing In Monday's paper, and
COMMENT AND
, jj lyfj SMALL CHANGE
f Gary doesn't seem a bit scary. , ! '
The aviator's motto .- Up with the lark I
.;;,-av.--v . . r
J Ttoo'Lto Duty in Germany."
Headline. . They always do it. . '
.Another hundred stills have been atd
keep stJU bc' someona couldn't
,"
mll you ever noticed. God took pains to
5? ,world before be made the
United States senate. ' 7 -
1. "Pr,c ?r Beet Sugar la Fixed. Head
1: ..A".meone wUl find a way to
beat ft before any of the sugar gets to
US..' ( . -.
. s : - '- ','
The list of those who have put the
riof in patriotism -Is too long for In
sertion in this most estimable quarter-
colyum.
In these days it is not a question of
Whether but of how much the school
enrollment indicates "an increase of pop
ulation over last year." -
' a
Rodman Law, sensationally daring
daredevil, after all of his foolhardv
Stunts and narrow escapes, died In bed
a vicum 01 tne white plague. Such is
me ana aeatn.
Retail pork prices, as you may bava
noticed, stav un. and with th ntw
jumping over the moon It still remains
quite a problem to decide what-meat to
Duy tor a inner. - v
. 1 - . 1
i ne way the nice, stall, green grass
reaches uo Id autumn and swallows un
the tail, dry seedstalks he was toe busy
or sometntng to cut In summer, is to tne
sluggard one of the loveliest sights tfi
oe seen in wegon.
IMPRESSIONS AND OBSERVATIONS
OF THE JOURNAL MAN
By Fred
1A11 will asree'that if the "Lost Soldier"
lertt-e u anythins lika as good aa tha story Mr.
LorUer tell about it, it i truly aoaae ledga, and
eU worth leekinc. ea atthia lata day. How
eer. the drcemjacent crodnd. aa described h
Mr. Packwood. scarcely seems such as to en cour
ts any set the aet sdaenturotti of the Lata
Ge bos s. I
"No. the Lost Soldier ledge Is still
true to name." said Judge William Pack
wood to me a few years ago. "It is still
lost. ' I lost my chance of finding tt
when 1 let a neighbor go along with me
and an old friend of mine, back In 1861.
Brown, my neighbor, learned I was go
ing In search of the rich quarts ledge
with one of the men who had originally
happened on it He asked if he could go
along. I didn't want, to offend him,
as he was a good neighbor and a good
man. so I let him come with us.
. "This was in August. 1861, so the war
was a very live issue. Brown was a
Northerner and a great admirer of John
UBrown. ' He was a dyed-in-the-wool
Abolitionist. Manly. Martin was a Ken-
tucklan. and sided with the South. The
first night out the question of the war
came up. It was impossible for me to
sidetrack it Brown and Martin almost
came to blows over who was going to
win the war. I was riding on a mule.
Brown had a saddle horse, and the re
maining horse we used as a packhorse.
Martin did not care to ride. He was
a Kentuckian, a mountaineer, and pre
ferred to walk. Martin, who had been
with the original party that had dis
covered the ledge, told me the place
where they had foundjthe quarts was
on a little flat where they had stopped
to eat lunch. , The man were going to
blaze the trees there to mark the place,
but Lieutenant Stoneman told them the
first man who came along would see
the biases and find the ledge. He sug
gested going a certain distance in a cer
tain direction and marking four trees
in the form of a square. .. In this way,
no matter who ran across, the-blazed
trees, they would not know which - way
to go to find the ledge. So this was
done.
a e 1
"We reached the camp where the four
biased trees were at 2 o'clock In tbe
afternoon. Martin took his rifle and a
Small prospecting pick and said be would
walk about a bit and get his bearings.
He told us not to bother to come along.
as we could look up the quarts ledge
the' next day. Martin did not return
until long after dark. Next morning
when we wanted to hunt for the quarts
ledge Martin said he thought we had
better go over the Rogue river divide,
that he had sort of lost his direction,
and he might get on the right track if
we went over the divide.
"After crossing this divide we came
to a small creek that ran north into
the west . fork of Cow creek. Martin
was a natural woodsman, and had re
membered a certain .mapfe tree, from
marking his Initials on it nine years
before. His initials, M. M., were -still
visible on the tree.
"That evening we camped in a sag on
the divide. Martin and Brown went out
to get some meat for supper and killed
a bear cub. Martin cut some of the
meat for himself, and next morning,
when Brown and I were ready to go,
Martin said : 'Well, good-bye. I have
decided not to hunt up that,quarts ledge.
I am going to strike out for the Rogue
river road.'. He started off at a good
pace. Brpwn and Martin were so bitter
against each other that I hesitated about
ask that those who have not read it
look it up. The Smith-Towner bill pro
vides for a federal department of educa
tion such aa the other leading democra
cies of the world already have. IC is a
shame that representatives of tbe edu
cational departments of other nations
must be entertained by private concerns
of the leading . democracy of all the
world. Why is the bill held up? Why
does congress hesitate to do what should
have been done years- ago? The mil
lions of the Illiterate ef the United
States are an easy prey to every agitator-
that comes along. We are reaping
the harvest now in riots, strikes, blood
shed, disorder and all of tbe evils that
go with it If this bill is killed It will
indicate that congress has lost faith in
education. If we renounce education
our form of government must be con
sidered ay 'allure. The principles em
bodied in the constitution and Declara
tion of Independence do not amount to
much after all their framers were mis
taken and. the majority of the human
race exist only for the aggrandizement
of the few. -
While matters ot such vital import
ance to' the country' are allowed
walt the senate Is. wasting time ever
some hypothetical imperfections- in the
League ef Nations. The United States
Is so" small that her privileges must
be doubly protected, else Siam might
suddenly- annihilate us. Hiram John
son must get his name before the peo
ple, as be aspires to the presidency, -
"The road to a great tomorrow leads
through the schools, and no nation can
afford to renounce its schools and
teachers.: ONE OF THEM.
" . What Indeed?
Froam the FeesskiU (X. T.) Pews
Perhaps we are unjust in saying that
congressmen are not giving, attention
to needed legislation at . this critical
time. There is Congressman Nelson, of
Wisconsin, proving the , exception. -i He
recently introduced, tn one day,, no less
than 99 bills, bestowing as many can
non . war relics , on the various little
villages ; of his district j What more
would you? If that does sot save the
country, what will? - ,
NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON. SIDELIGHTS ; r ,
V The ground has beea graded and lum
ber has been got oa the site for. the
bu tiding of the community church at
ReedMMi. the Courier say a The struc
ture Is to be erected within a month.- '
.a- a ...
- Carlton "Is a town well favored In
rarwMt of men who wear er have worn
the cloth. Besides the pastors of the
four denominations mere are now tnree
retired ministers resident in that com
munity, the Sentinel says. -
The printing plant formerly owned by
George II. Baxter of the Creswell Chron
icle Gas been removed from that town
to Reedsport, and Is being Installed In
the Courier building, having beau pur
chased by J. IL Austin, publisher of the
Courier- . - .:-
. "If Hlllsboro's business activity In
creases," says the Argus, "there must
be more business buildtngs erected,
Every available inch et the main busi
ness streets property is taken and many
mnw lMMtMdvara ajtklnz for more floor
hum. . It woeld not be surnrising ware
there to be extensive building here next
e"0n: . a a .
Just tribute to Oregon's finest oltmatie
output, in the McMinnviUe News Re
norter "Glorious autumnal days 1
Could anything be finer and mere en
i.hu thu v vuthpp of this oraa
ent week? Old Oregon has the weather
that appeals to men and women wno
1 ,w- -rMc AuMMnr, and th waather
that wlirtjruarautee sate harvesUng of
The wives ef those local men who
brought heme the army bacon," ejlth
the editor of the Hood River News, "say
1. mmtm mwh kattAr than their
neighbors - who didn't get any think It
Ooes.
Leckley
calllnr him back, for "fear they would
get luto a wrangle and kill each other.
Brown was very angry and wanted to
follow Martin. I persuaded him net to.
I told him we would take the back track.
go back to the marked trees, and sea If
we couldn't track Martin, as I believed
he had gone to the lost ledge.
e a
"We camped that night at 'Soldiers'
Camp, . and next morning started ' out
on Martin's track, where be had left the
camp for Ms look around. Wt found
where he bad broken . branches or cut
them with bis knife. They took us to
the aide of the creek. We crossed over
this creek to the south side and fol
lowed up a small stream that comes in
from the. south -side. We found where
Martin had followed up a asm trail and
had reached tbe summit of the hut Hera
In a depression. In the hills, just before
you begin the ascent of the mountain
we. found a large cedar tree with old
blase on it three chips taken out of
each side of it. I knew we could find
this place agaia.wo we decided to see
what creek we were on. and come back
later when we had more provisions. The
creek we were on proved to be the west
fork of Cow creek. We followed tt down
to where It ran into Caw creek. ' This
was four or five miles distant
a a a
. "Next morning we started back for
Enchanted prairie to get some provi
slons. Shortly after that some miners
passed our place and said they had met
Manly at Jacksonville and that he had
some rich gold quarts. He organized a
party ef about a dozen men or so to
go with him to the ledge. When they
got Into the Jurop-Off-Joe country they
found that a second party were follow
tng them. This made Manly so angry
that he quit the party and went back
to Jacksonville. Not long after this
received a letter from Manly. He told
me he had gone to tbe ledge the after
noon he had left Brown and me, and
had got some pieces ef the quarts, that
he had had an- assay made, and that it
had not been so rich as be expected, as
It ran only a little over $200 a ton. He
told me that if I had gone in with him
alone we would have gone in together
on the ledge, but that he couldn't stand
Brown, because he was an Abolitionist
so he had refused to show us the ledge
"In the fall of 1861 the mines of Au
burn were discovered, and my old part
ner, George Abbott, wrote me to come
np there. I did so, and for the next
30 or 40 years I mined irr Eastern Ore
gon. In the fall of 1914- I went down
to West Cow creek and got a forest
ranger to go with me to see if we could
find the Lost Soldier ledge. Where
Manly and I had crossed the creek an
old forest fire had raged. The timber
was all down, the logs lay eriss-cross in
every direction. Underbrush had grown
up until it was almost Impossible to
make your way through it When we
got to the lower edge of the flat we
found there had been a cloudburst seme
years ago and the ground was covered
with slate rock.
"Some of these days, when that coun
try Is looked over and the underbrush
burned off, someone will strike the Lost
Soldier ledge, and will make a fortune.
The country all around there is of slate
. and porphery formation. Some deer
hunter or fisherman some of these days
will stumble upon this ledge., for the
quarts is there4, and It is seamed with
gold."
Curious Bits of Information
For the Curious
Gleaned From Curious Places
One of the first cares of a foreign
firm opening a business in China Is tbe
selection of a compradore. This indi
vidual is usually a wealthy merchant
of the town with considerable real
property, who acts as "credit man" for
the firm. He doesn't become'' an em
ploye, but rather a kind of associate,
While keeping up his own business, be
usually establishes an office connection
with the new firm, where he acts as
intermediary for all transactions with
Chinese customers. No Chinese order
is booked without bis approval, because
he knows who can. and who cannot be
trusted. In return for a commission,
he assumes full responsibility for a
transaction, and pays himself, if the
customer- defaults. To make doubly
sure of his liability the business man
usually requires him to deposit secur
ity in the form .of title deeds to land,
or even cash, in soma cases.
--When goods are sold, and finally de
livered, It-j la not- usual to give : long
credits In China. Native bank, orders,
which are really checks dated five or
ten days ahead and certified by some
Chinese bank, ard usually used. This
aecqunts.for the surprisingly few losses
suffered there by business men.
Olden Oregon
Viva Voce Vote Law of 1854 Aimed at
Know Nothing .Party,
The famous vlca voce ballot law was
enacted by the territorial legislature of
1854. It provided that votes at all gen
eral elections should be given viva. voce,
or by tickets handed to the judges tn
both cases to be cried In an audible voice
in the presence and - hearing et . the
voters. In advocating the law la v the
legislators Delazen Smith frankly ad
mitted that the purpose was to kill the
Know Neh!nr movement which had ex
tended to Oregon.": The bill passed the
legislature by a closa -vote, ?Ia the coun
cil itwaa I to I and la tha house 14 to tt,
,The Oregon Country v
Menbweet Happenings to Brief for for the
Bosy Bssdar.
OREGON NOTES
A campaign ; Sralnat ftundav tharrt.
5?l J,J.bln"' r the ministers
of Pendleton,
t
Farm bureaus ware nmniuit it -
week at .Hermiaton and tlolumhla In
UmatiU - county. - :
The asaessed valuation f air .n.tv " ,
,J!H.n'.00unfJr this year is 3u,633,366, .
iw,3t leas man last year.
Burnlnar of tha how fu-tnrv orw.., "
Lake Is seriously inconveniencing rch-
ardiata at Hood River and Walts Sal-
John CaJivakv. an and frrw!e-nF. la
Under art-ret at Kueen harnil with
stealing the lunches of children while
at school. .
Every important town In Central Ore- .
gon has a highway crew, and progress
is rapiu on uie njgnway Between tfena
and Burns, , -
Mrs Lucinda Elenjinr T.uoaa. daugh
ter of Judge 8. T. Buroh, died recently
at Tillamook. She was born at Dallas
67 years ago.
The timber loss caused br forest fires
in Oregon thts last season U reckoned
at ' S7a.eoo.ooo feet worth approxi
mately $375,000.
Dr. F. D. Watts denies -the nuhllshed
story that there are 16 cases cf smallpox
in Weatan. U declarse there are only
two families afflicted.
Another week of favorable waather
will allow the state highway commis
sion to complete tbe macadamising of the
Pacific highway at Divide.
Jena Olsen ef Milwaukla Or., has
been appointed county agent of Colum
bia county. He is a graduate of O. A.
C and saw service In France.
William Kennedy ef Condon was ac
cidentally killed near Fossil while haul
ing lumber from a sawmill, ills truck
turned over and pinned him underneath.
Lieutenant Chester Allen, brother of
Erie W, Allen of the school of ! jour
nalism at the university or Oregon,
has been cited for exceptional devotion
to duty, energy and seal.
Kederal and state foresters are In
sien at Klamath Falls to discus every
important matter bearing upon the con
servation of the timber supply ef Kla
math and Lake counties. Thsre are
more than 40.000.000,000 feet e( timber
in tne two counties.
WASHINGTON
A three-days' Chautauqua will be held
in Pe EU this week, opening Wednesday.
The health officer at Walla Walla has
auarantlsed 1$ cases of smalpog In
iat city since October t .
The enrollment in the Pa0 publid
schools has reached a total of 644, -the
largest number ever enrolled.
Mrs. Elizabeth Magee died Sunday at
the home of her daughter a Belllngham,
at the age of e years and six months,
Aberdeen's latest enterprise is the
building of a hotel to cost 1600,000. The
financial end of the project is assured.
Members of the I. W. W. have recent
ly opened headquarters in Can trails, and .
a meeting of cklzens has been called
to consider the situation.'
A csrload of older a day Is being man
ufactured by the by-products plants of
Yakima which are using from. 85 to
60 tons of cull apples daily. j
Governor Hart and the state board of
nardons have expressed intmseives in
favor of-the eleht-heur day at thi
penl-
tentlary and other state instttutio
The state board of pardons at Kvalla
Walla Saturday granted 44 par.
executive paroles, six uneondltlon
done and recommended two for d
s. 10
par-
rta-
tlon.
The Pacific Telephone aV Tel
aph
rvunnanv la atartlnar crews of
en to
work at Talc (ma on a series of Inrrove
ments which call fof the expenditure of
870.000.
Walter Cllne, awaiting 4rlal In the
Lewis county jail on a charge of mur
der, underwent an operation Saturday.
in which his left leg was em lute ted
above the knee.
The Union Trust company o
Walla
Walla has been awarded the
115.000
Issued
Snake river bridge bonds to b
by Walla wans county, mey
a premium of 11045.
Rtat Senator W. Ixin John
rought-
fm was
fataiiv In lured and RenresenUtlve Al
Weatherman of Aady serlou4y hurt
when- Senator Johnson's ailtomoblle
overturned on the state road li
Summit
valley.
IDAHO
An organisation is being peifeeted to
fight gophers in tne tim irrjg-uon ais
trict A meeting recently heMlat Cald
well was attended by 35 peopl.
A tax summary for Nes Perde county
shows that the county has a valuation
ef 811.0O0.0O0. On this valuation the city
of Lewlsten Is credited wttt about
$7,500,000.
Tort rangers In the Heller district
have been sent out In an endeavor to
locate Joseph Unger. promlnert athlete
and hotel man of Pittsburg, Pa., who
has been lost in the Sawtooth Mountains
since October t. e. .
GENERAL V
The New Zealand house ef resresenta
tlves bas passed the bill whersby New
Zealand accepts the mandate for Samoa.
Food prices are declining, a recent Re
port shewing that there was an averalge
drop ef S per cent during the past
month.
Eight million American women, ailed
by many boys and girls, produced dur
ing the war more, than 7 1.800.000 rdlef
articles valued at nearly 4.000,0oa
The deadlock in the waterfront strike
negotiations at San Francisco if Jstill
unbroken, employes being unable U se
lect a satisfactory conference committee.
Members of the territorial govern
ment of the northern territory fAus
...ti. iidrf tn threats frrVn tn A
taniaia and left Fort Darwin laft Sat-
uiHtav.
it. diatinamiahed service meist for
exceptionally meritorious and dlsttn
ngished service has been eonfrred on
Command Evangeline Baoty of the
Salvation Army. - .,!
Resolutions protesting against the re
turn to the Philippines of snemy aliens
deported during the, war have been
adopted by members ef ihe. American
Legion at Manila. iff
VT.I1 V...W nA.MMAM.' kU..t...1
Mrs. AilMUVkn mwmmvr .v . -
Canada, was drowned in a large reser
voir at tteaumonw uai., nunoay,
the bottom of an eld boat In which she
was riding dropped Outi
All the buildings snl recreational
equipment of the Knlghti of Columbus'
st Fort Daviav Alaska, here been turned
over to 1000 Indian children, whose
narents were victims of the influenza
eplderaia last year.
- - ' " ' S 1 ."-l
Uncle Jeff SnoW.Saya:. ..
Up la th Deschutes country, along
.tuuii th tinu Hand was a. stasre sta
tion, Barney Lewis got marred, and all
the money he had in the wrld was a
$20 gold piece, Hs handed. It over to tha
Methodist missionary who rote In them
parts, and waited fer the change. Mr.
Missionary, However , tucaea u away in
Ms buckskin bag, which was mighty
naMiw. and be run a Braver fr tha Lord
to pay partlc'lar ten tlon t. Ihe welfore
f Barney ana bis nriae, ene on no ss
count was Providence to d him jmy
dirt 'Barney felt kinder flustered and
sorter beat to it but he ald nothlu.
He jlst quit thlnkln bout tbf coin, atooa
off the hotel man and the; rocer, and
evernooy eise, am wniri wji i
The Journal SpeciajKzes ori
- BuildinfrActivfies
' Portland t experiencing Its great
est building activity In a number of
years. 1 Home are going' up la atl
parts of the residential-city, -and
downtown as welt; there Is evidence
of much building. -. Th ' Journal's
realty news t reliable srd up to the
minute. Sunday "suggestions In text
and s Illustration are ; specially - pre
pared for the benefit and guidance ef
prospective builders and purchascra