FOES OF LEAGUE
DEFIED TO GIVE
BEITFJDOC1ENT
Wilson Charges That Opponents
Are Wholly Destructive With
'out Single Constructive Idea.
THRONG SHOUTS' APPROVAL
President of General Federation
-of Women's Clubs Introduces
President in Stirring Speech.
Lob Angeles, Cal., Sept. 20. (U.
P.) President Wilson ia ready to
"take ehlp now" and go to the peace
conference In Paris with any propo
sition advanced by opponents of the
League of Ration which is better
than the league, he declared at a
public dinner here tonight.
In the present condition of wprld
affairs, he said, no constructive idea
for betterment should be opposed
unless the opposition has a better
constructive idea.
After this speech. Wilson went to
Shrine auditorium for another ad
dress. OBLIHOX FOE SOME
The world will be absolutely in de
spair if America deserts it, the presi
dent said. But he voiced confil-nce that
the people of America really favored the
treaty, and "the job is to get that into
the minds of gentlemen who do not un
derstand the situation." He predicted
oblivion for those who serve only their
own interests.
"Now we must infect these men with
the spirit of the country," he said.
When Washington warned agaiilst en
tangling alliances. Wilson argued, he
had in mind the very condition, of bal
ance of power, etc., into which he
charged league opponents were seeking
to lead America. The league, he said,
was really a disentanglement.
THOUSANDS CHEER
A crowd estimated by police at 6000
and by others as high as 7000 filled the
auditorium. The president was rleafen
Ingiy cheered as he entered. Others,
thronging the streets outside, also
cheered him.
The place looked like a sea of wav
ing flags. Sinking of the "Star Spangled
Banner" finally ended the applause, but
It broke out again at the end of the
anthem. '
Mrs. Joeiali Evans Cowles. president
of the general Federation of Womens'
Clubs, introduced Wilson. She said :
"We are Americans, assembled this
evening to honor the chief executive of
our nation and to hear him expound a
great document, fundamental in concep
tion, scope 'and purpose.
SO PLfcE FOR PARTISAN
"The political partisan has no place
In these deliberations. All right think
ing, red-blooded patriots should see to
it that such partisanship is relegated to
oblivlol).
"As a people we face the most in
exorable of tribunals, posterity.
"We must accept the challenge of to
day, not with vision bound, but with
vision prophetic.
"The League of Nations must and
will become the bulwark, of a war
weary world for all time.
"It is my privilege, and I deem it
the greatest honor of my life, to present
to you the president of the United
States, the Honorable Woodrow Wilson."
OPPOSITION UK REASON ABLE .
At the dinner speech Wilson also said
that much of the argument against the
League of Nations Is not based upon
reason.
The league he called a "great con
structive idea" and asserted that in the
present condition of world affairs, no
3 &n has a rlghUto oppose a constructive
lan, unless he hifs a better one.
no inargcu ineii uppomuun 10 me
treaty is most 'popular in those sections
of the country where pro-Oermanism
was strongest during the war.
Germany would be the only nation to
profit if the United States should refuse
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to accept the treaty, thus Isolating it
self, the president said.
PEOPLE'S PEACE DEMANDED
Objections made by league opponents
have so beclouded the issue that many
people io hot know wbat is in the
treaty, Wilson asserted.
"This was a people's war and this
treaty establishes a people's peace," he
declared. The statesmen at the con
ference, said the president, were the
spokesmen of their people and he was
rthe mouthpiece of the American people
without regard to political divisions.
Article X of the covenant, Wilson re
ferred to as "the Monroe doctrine ap
plied to the world."
The present universal unrest in the
world will not end, he argued, until
settled conditions are reestablished
through the treaty.
SHAME ON THEST, SATS CROWD
There were cries of "Shame on them,"
when Wilson, speaking at the audi
torium! criticized opponents of tha
treaty. He expressed "amasement" at
their attitude. Yells of "God bless you.
Woodrow Wilson," and "California is
with you" punctuated the speech.
Without the treaty, he warned, the
world would sink into despondency.
COVENANT 18 EXPLAINED
The peoples of the world are tired of
and done with governments that exploit
their people, Wilson said, and they de.
mand the advantages, which he de
clared were contained in the treaty.
The president went into a detailed
explanation of the clauses In the league
covenant intended to prevent war, em
phasizing the nine months' discussion
feature., and the boycott against nations
which break the rules of the covenant.
The boycott 'Is more effective, he said,
than war.
The league promises mothers, wives
and sweethearts of men who would have
to fight at least 98 per cent, Insurance
against war, said Wilson.
It also bans autocratic governments
like the late German government "from
respectable society,."
He took up, one by one, the argu
ments against the treaty, saying he
wanted to contrast "some things that
have been said with the facts."
SHAFT AT JOHNSON
A shout of "Where would Hiram John
son go?" came from the gallery when
Wilson said:
"If you have a friend whom you
suspect of being a fool encourage him
to hire a hall."
Some arguments are like "Noxious
gases" which are dissipated if exposed
to the air, he said.
"Go get "em," shouted a man in the
audience. Others yelled. "That's a good
one." and there were other cries.
The facts In the dispute over the
treaty are "soing to get" some of its op
ponents "and make a very comfortable
meal of them," the president predicted.
He explained the Shantung settle
ment, pointing out that the province was
being taken from Germany not from
China, and that when Germany took it
from China the United States did not
protest Other nations enjoy Chinese
concessions similar to Japan's in
Shantung, he said.
FACTS ABOUT KHANTUNG
Those who nake the Shantung argu
ment against the treaty are interested,
not in China, but in defeating the treaty,
Wilson declared, and the resultant ap
plause lasted nearly a minute. He de
manded whether his opponents wanted
to go to war against Japan. France and
Great Britain to oust Japan from Shan
tung. China can be rendered assistance
only through the covenant of the
league, he argued.
There was a long cheer when he
called attention to Japan's pledge to
give up all rights in Shantung except
those of eoonomio concessionaires.
Many nations, he $aid, had exceeded
their rights in China.
"Those are the facts about Shantung."
he said. "Doesn't it look a little dif
ferent T'
"Yes," and "You bet," yelled the
crowd. I
ON EQUAL FOOTING
Taking up tho charge that Britain
can outvote the United States in the
league, the president sa'd be would dis
cuss another thing which was causing
'tome gentlemen pangs pangs of jeal
cusy, perhaps." He explained that the
United States and Britain each had
but one vote In the league council, and
that the league assembly, in which Brit
ain has six votes, is merely a debating
body. This was applauded. The talk
about Britain's six votes Is "nonsense,"
he said. Wilson asked if "great com
munities like Canada, Australia, New
Zealand, India and South Africa should
be denied votes. There were shouts of
"No."
Those who fear the treaty will bring
the country into too close association
with other nations advocate a policy of
isolation," the president charged
PHONOGRAPHS
- N'lLh the weight ai.r.rj
. i "i i 'n 2 -rY'
DIFFERENT
TEXT OF WILSON'S
LOS ANGELES SPEECH
Shrine Auditorium, Los Angeles.
Cal.. Sept. 20. (U. P.) The text of
President Wilson's address here to
night follows in -part:
"Mr. Mayor. Mrs. Cowles, My Fellow
Citisens and Countrymen:
"I esteem it a great privilege to stand
before this great audience and I es
teem it one of the roost interesting
occasions that I have had to expound
a theme so great that I am almost
afraid that I am inadequate to Its ex
position. I esteem it privilege to be
in the presence that I find myself in
on the stage this committee of gentle
men, representing the nations with
whom we have been associated in the
war; these men who saved the union
and these men who eavedthe world.
"And 1 feel that there is a certain
sense in which I am rendering my ac
count to the soldiers and sailors whose
commander in chief I have been, for
I sent them across the sea believing
that their errand was not only to defeat
Germany but also to redeem the world
from the danger to which Germany
had exposed it, to make the world a
place in which arbitration, discussion,
the processes of peace and the pro
cesses of justice which should stand in
place of the brutal processes of war.
"And I came back from the other side
proud that I was bringing with me a
document which contained a great con
structive plan to accomplish that very
thing. It is a matter of unaffected
amazement on my part, my fellow citi
zens, that there should be men in high
station to oppose its adoption. It is a
matter of amazement that they should
devote their .scrutiny to certain details
and forget the majesty of the plan;
that they should actually have made it
necessary that I should go through the
country telling the people of the United
States what is in the treaty of peace,
for they have not told you. They have
given you no conception of its scope.
They have not expounded its subject.
They have not told you how it is to
accomplish its purposes. They have
not shown you how in its" heart lies the
liberation of nations. They have not
shown you that in it is the redemption
of our promise that we were fighting
for the right of the weak and not foe
the power of the strong.
PROMISES ARE REDEEMED
"These promises are redeemed in that
great document. These hopes are real
ized, and the only buttress for that
great structure ia the League of Na
tions. "If that should fail, there Is no guar
antee that any part of the settlement
will stand. If that should fall nations
will once more sink back into that
slough of despond in which they for
merly struggled, suspecting one another,
rivaling one 'another in preparation of
war, looting against the weak in order
to supplement the power of the strong.
"And they would do more than that,
because mankind is now aware that the
rights of the greater portion of man
kind have been safeguarded and re
garded. "Don't for a moment suppose .that the
universal unrest of the world at the
pj-esent time, my fellow citizens, is due
te any wisdom, to any newly discovered
ambition ; it is due to the fact the sad,
the tragic fact, that great bodies of
men have been, throughout the age.
denied their rights and the rights of
humanity.
"The peoples of the world are tired
of and done with governments that ex
ploit their peoples. They are determined
to have, by ones process or another, that
concerted order of conciliation and de
bate and conference which is set up in
that great document which we know as
the covenant of the League of Nations,
for the heart of that document is not
.Article X or the right to withdraw, or
any other thing you have been talking
rbout the heart of that document is
that every great fighting nation in the
world fi-r Germany ai present is not
a great fighting natlon-very great
fighting nation in the world solemnly
agrees that it will never resort to war
without first having done one or the
other of two things, either submitted
the matter in dispute to arbitration, in
which case it agrees to abide by the ver
dict ; or If it does not choose to submit
it to arbitration, submit it to the ex
amination and discussion of the council
of the League of Nations, before whom
it promises to lay all the documents,
to whom it promises to disclose all the
pertinent facts, by- whom it agrees all
the documents and facts shall be pub-
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lished and laid before the opinion of the
world.
PE3TALTT IS AUTOMATIC
"And If any of them disregards that
promise and refuses to submit the ques
tion ia dispute either to arbitration or
discussion, or goes to war within less
than nine months, then there is an au
tomatic penalty that is applied, more
effective, I beg leave to say, than war
itself, namely, the application of an ab
solute boycott. The nation that disre
gards that, we agree, shall be isolated,
shall be denied the right to ship out
goods or ship them in, to exchange tele
graph messages, or messages by mail ;
to have any dealings of any kind with
the citizens "of the members of the
league.
WHY GERMA3TT WAITS
"Autocratic governments are excluded
henceforth from respectable society. It
Is provided in the covenant of the League
of Nations that only self-governing peo
ple shall be admitted to its member
ship. And the reason that Germany is,
for the time being, excluded is that we
want to wait and see whether she really
has changed permanently her form of
constitution. If she has changed her
mind in reality, if her people have taken
charge of their own affairs, and will
prove It to us, they are entitled to come
Into respectable society and Join the
League of Nations. Until then they
are on probatipn. And you see the way
some of them talk you would think-the
probation had to be rather long because
they don't seem to have repented of
their essential purposes.
"There is a very complex question
as to the cession of the rights which
Germany formerly enjoyed in the Shan
tung province in China, and which the
treaty transfers to Japan. The only
way in which to clear this matter up
ts to know what lies back of It. Let
me recall some circumstances which
probably most of you have forgotten.
I will go back to the year 1898, for It
was in March of that year that Hhe
cessions which 'formerly belonged to
Germany were transferred to her by
the government of China.
"It had happened that two German
missionaries had been murdered. The
central government of Peking had done
everything In its power to quiet the
local disturbance and to allay the local
prejudice against foreigners which led
to the murders, and had been unable
to do so, and the German government
held them responsible nevertheless, for
the murder of the missionaries.
WAS HYPOCRITICAL EXCUSE
"But it was not the missionaries that
the German government was interested
in. That was a pretext. Oh, my fellow
citizens, how often have we made Chris
tianity an excuse for wrong. How
often. How often, in attempting to pro
tect what was sacred, have we done
what was tragically wrong!
"And that was what Germany did.
She insisted that because this thing
had happened, for which the Peking
government could not really with Justice
be held responsible, a large, and im
portant part of one of the richest prov
inces in China should be ceded to them
for sovereign control for a period of
99 years. Not only that, but they should
have the right to penetrate the prov
ince, with a railway, and have the right
to exploit any ores that lay within 30
miles on either side of the railway, and
all this for 99 years.
"And they forced the Peking gov
ernment to say that they did it In grati
tude to the German government for cer
tain services which she was supposed
to have rendered, but never did render.
That was the beginning.
"I don't know whether any of the
gentlemen who are criticizing the pres
ent Shantung settlement were In public
affairs at that time or not, but I will
tell you what happened, so far as this
government was concerned. One of the
most enlightened of our presidents was
the head of the government at that
time, William McKlnley, a- man who
loved his fellow man and believed in jus
tice. Associated with him was' one of
our greatest statesmen, John Hay.
"The state of international law was
such At that time that they did not feel
at liberty to make even a protest against
these cessions to Germany. Neither did
they make any protest when immediate
ly following that, similar concessions
were made to Russia, to Great Britain
and to France.
El SSI A GIVEN BIGHTS
"It was almost Immediately after that
that China granted to Russia the right
of the possession and control of Fort
Arthur, and a part of the region of
Talio Alo Wahn. Then England, al
Uiough she had similar rights elsewhere
in China, got a similar concession, and
then France Insisted that she must have
a port, and got it for 99 years. And not
against one ef those did the government
of the United States make any protest
whatever. They only insisted that the
door ehould not be shut In any of those
legions against the trade of the United
States.
"You have heard of Mr. Hay's policy
of the open door. Not The open door to
the rights of China, but the door to the
goods of America. I am not criticising
this, because it is one oT the covenants
of the League of Nations that it is an
unfriendly act for a government to in
terfere In the affairs of another unless
its own interests are immediately con
cerned, and the only thing Mr. Hay or
Mr. McKinley was at liberty to do was
to call attention to the fact that the
trade of the United States might be un
favorably affected, and insist that under
no .circumstances should this be dona, a
promise which was more or less kept.
"jrouowing tnai came the war between
Russia and Japan. At the close of that
war Japan got Port Arthur and the
rights which Russia enjoyed in China,
just as she is now getting Shantung
and the rights which our recently de
feated enemy had in China. An exactly
similar operation. That peace that gave
her Fort Arthur was concluded, as you
know, on the territory of the United
States, at Portsmouth, N. H.
"Nobody directed a protest against
that. Japan had beaten Russia. Port
Arthur did net at that time belong to
China. It belonged for the period of
the 4ease to Russia, and Japan was
ceded what Japan had taken by the well
recognised processes of war.
"At the opening of this war, Japan
took Kiao Chau, ard 'supplanted Ger
many in the Shantung province. Vow,
all the processes were repeated, bat re
peated with a new sanction.
bltlTAIH AH FRAKCE BOUJTD
"In the meantime, after this present
war began. England and France, suc
cessively, feeling that it was essential
that they should have the assistance
of Japan on the Pacific, agreed that if
Japan would go into the war and take
whatever Uermany had in the I'aclnc,
she should retain everything north of
the equator which had belonged to Ger
many, And that treaty now stands.
That treaty absolutely binds Great Brit
ain and France. Great Britain and
France cannot any longer, having of
fered Japan this inducement to enter
the war and to continue her operations,
consent to an elimination of The Shan
rung provision -irsm the present treaty.
"Let us pnttthese' gjentlemen - to the
test who are epJecuox t the-. Shantung
CEMENT
COMPANY
FIRES ITS OPENING
IN- RATE HEARING
Testimony Designed to Show
Portland Concern Handicapped,
in Present Freight Schedules.
OTHERS ARE INTERYENORS
Portland Chamber of Commerce
Joins in the Fight for a
' Reduction in Rates.
Denied the fruits of business, even
in its immediate trade territory, the
Oregon Portland Cement company
of Portland fired its opening un
Saturday afternoon before Examiner
Ulysses G. Butler of the Interstate
Commerce commission, in an effort
to bring freight rates on cement
shipments to a basis comparable
with those enjoyed by California and
Washington cement mills.
As interveners with the Portland com
pany appeared the Portland Chamber
of Commerce, the state public service
commission and the Portland Traffic
and Transportation association, while
the claims made by the company are
opposed by the railroad administration,
representing all western roads, and the
San Francisco Chamber of Commerce.
After making an Interesting showing I
a.iiv" cm utsi-repancies in rate struc
tures governing shipments from Oswego
as compared with other sources of ce
ment shipments, and showing what was
declared to be apparent discrimination
against the Portland concern, the hear
ing rested late Saturday afternoon, to
be resumed Monday. John H. Lothrop.
rate expert of the traffic and trans
portation association, was the first, and
only witness called by the Interveners
Saturdav. Ha wan rlniwlv nitMiinrAl
to bis exhibits, which showed glaring !
inequalities in rate structures, by C.
W. McCulloch, who is presenting to
Examiner Butler the claim of the Port
land company.
Monday officers of the cement com
pany, including George MacDonald, sec
retary and treasurer, and C. T. W. Hol
Iister, will be called to testify. The
witnesses are prepared to submit testi
mony showing the peculiar condition
in freight rate making that works a
commercial hardship against the Oregon
cement makers. These inequalities will
be shown, it is said, to be among the
most one sided yet revealed in Port
land's fight for a square deal in freight
rate making.
It will be shown that the freight
charges on cement from Oswego, deliv
ered to Portland over not more than
nine miles of level trackage, is practic
ally as 'much per hundredweight as on
shipments originating in California or
Northern Washington. -.
Portland interests will center their
attack on the present rate structure
with the idea of bringing about a mile
age basis for figuring rates on cement
freight.
: . J.
Picketing But No
Noise Is Allowfed
Striking Workmen
Noisy picketing or violation of the
laws covering the constitutional rights
of non-union workers will not be tol
erated by the police in this city, accord
ing to an announcement made Saturday
by Chief of Police N. F. Johnson, after
a long conference with the managers of
several Portland flour mills.
Bright and early Monday morning an
officer in full uniform will be stationed
at every mill and laundry in the city
that is being picketed by union work
ers. No partiality is' to be shown by
the officers, the chief said.
"Peaceful picketing is allowed and
will not be interfered with," the chief
said. "Should any person get it into
his head to start trouble some place.
we want a man there to settle the thine
before it goes too far. This applies to J
both sides."
Regarding his conference with the mill
managers the chief said that the men
did not ask anything unreasonable. "I
suggested that they keep all private
detectives, deputy sheriffs and watch
men out of the way and allow us to
handle the situation on the outside.
We will not police the inside of the
buildings. Their watchmen can at
tend to 11118."
As the new work will entail the work
of many more men the war emergency
squad and traffic squads will be di
vided between the day and first night
reliefs.
Captain L. V. Jenkins, -adviser to the
chief, and Deputy District Attorney
Richard Deich were also present at the
conference. While no definite announce
ment was made, it is taken for granted
that Captain Jenkins will be In com
mand of the men on duty at the plants.
Fire Destroys Hospital
Vancouver, B. C, Sept 20. The
Hhaughnessy military convalescent hos
pital was destroyed by fire here today.
Over 100 patients were removed safely
from .the east wing, which was totally
destroyed.
settlement. Are they ready to fight Ja
pan, Great Britain and France, -who
will have to stand together, in order to
get tjils province back for China. I
know' that they are not. Their interest
in China is not the interest of assisting
China, but of defeating the treaty. And
not onlv that but back of this Dro vi
sion with regard to Shantung lies, as'
everybody knows, or ought to know, a
very honorable promise which was made
by the government of Japan, In my pres
ence in Paris, namely, that just as soon
as possible after the ratification of this
treaty they will return to China all
sovereign rights in the province of Shan
tung. JTOJTE OTHER PROMISED
"Great Britain has not promised to re
turn Wai Hal Wal. France haa not
promised to return her part ; Japan has
promised to relinquish all the sovereign
rights which were acquired by Ger
many for the remaining 78 of the 19
years of the tease, and to retain only
what other governments have in many
ether parts of China, namely, the right
te build and operate the railway under
a corporation, In ether words, she re
tained only the rights of economic con
cessionaires. I think all these nations
have Invaded some of the essential rights
of China by going too far In -the con
cessions which they have demanded.
Hallway and steamship handlers to
the number of ,200.000 have been or
dered to take a strike, vote to enforce
demand made on -August it. . ,. . -
Plans for Edifice
Are Accepted by
Christian Church
The First Christian church of Port
land, which will erect a handsome build
ing at the corner of Park and Columbia
streets, has accepted plans for an edifice
of a design unusual tn a place of wor
ship. There will be no tower and the
exterior presents the appearance of a
business block rather than a church.
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The building will be Ave stories In
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Christian Churches. Work on the build
ing will begin at an early date.
Has Narrow Escape
Tom Wilbur, a deckhand on the river
steamer Relief, barely escaped death
Saturday morning when he was crushed
between the steamer and a- dock at St.
Helens. Wilbur was placed on the
steamer Kellogg, and brought to Port
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"Hello
"I Inst came to town. In fact. 1 Just got out of the O. D.
and back into civies. Been 'over there' with the A. E. F.. you
know. Did we have some time? I'll say so. If you don't be
lieve me, go ask Kaiser Bill. But I am ghd to get back to the
little old town.' She sure looks good to me. Got my old Job
back an' everything, and I'm all ready to go; but say, can you
put a fellow wise to a decent place to stay? You know what
1 mean nice, cozy room in some good quiet family where a
fellow won't feel so lonesome. I'd take board, too, if I could
get it. but I am not so particular about that. I'm all fed up on
hotels and army life and all that stuff. I want to get in with
some nice people where I will feel more at home. I wonder
why you folks with big homes only half occupied don't fix up
some of those empty rooms and rent them to us boys? If you
will do that. Just put an ad In The Journal 'Want' ads tellirj g
us about it and we'll fall over ourselves getting out to your
pl:e. Just you try us and see."
Phone Your Ad to the Journal
Main 7173 PHONES A 6051
land Saturday evening, after which be
was transfered to St. Vincent's hospital.'
He Is expected to recover. ' t
Mill Says Situation Is Critical '
Rome, Sept 20. -(U. P.) The sltua
tlon at Flume created by Gabrlelle
d'Annunslo's occupation of the city is s
extremely critical, Premier Nlttl told
the chamber of deputies today. Thirty-" -j-stx
hundred men, in declaring their at. -
legiance to d'Annunxlo,' are defying the
law, Nlttl said. The premier repeated
that sedition had entered the Italian
army for the first time. - '
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