rTHE ""OREGON DAILY. JOURNAL :,PORTLANDA SEPTEMBER 4919.
'-7
WiPROVEMENT
OF
L
AND
BYSULFHUR
3
BRIGS RESULTS
Use of Sprays for Protection of
Plants From Enemy Pests Aid
in Advancement of Product.
LAND CONDITION IMPORTANT
Experiments Show Most Wonder
ful Results; Sulphurized Land
Proved Substantia Increases.
Though the earliest agricultural
reMearohes were directed mainly to
ward the improvement of soils, these
noon grave way to the more fascinat
ing work of improvement of plants
Viy selection and cross-pollenization.
and their protection from enemy
pewta by sprays, powders and gases,
unci the introduction of enemy para
sites. "How high a degree of perfec-
; tfon many plants have reached un
der nuch treatment is perhaps most
noticeable in some of our garden
plantH, many of which have been so
improved that at first glance it is
difficult to see a resemblance to the
parent plant. Kqually successful , if
lesB noticeable, work has been done
to vegetable, field and orchard
plants, with" a view to improving the
quality and increasing the quantity
of the crops.
GET AT THE ROOT
Now the tendency seems to be to get
back once again to the root of things
and give more attention to the im
provement of the soTl. Probably the
greatest work in this direction is open
. to the bacterlologtst. It has long been
known that a group of minute organisms
Jn' the soil have the power' of fixing
atmospheric . nitrogen
converting insoluble sillphur into soluble
1 ATTRACTIVE ENTRANCE TO STATE FAIR GROUNDS AT SAIiEM
ft V&?7 , . Cl7:naf' - II-
only slowly, available to plant life.
There Is a considerable amount of such
potash' locked up in the soils of a large
Where the fifty-eighth Oregon state fair will be held this week.
. . Bmmm
independent of the Chili saltpeter beds
and of artificial nitrogen fixation.
I.M I'UOV EMENT HAPHAZARD
Much of the improvement to the physi
cal properties of soils has been of a hap
hazard nature. The farmer has been in
the habit of digging in something here
because the soil is too soggy, and some
thing else becauso it is too light and will
not retain moisture, and he does it be
cause his father and grandfather did
it before him. That he has met witb
some measure of success there can be
no gainsaying, but how much greater
that success would have been had he
worked along more scientific lines. -
ANALYSIS OF SOIL
We must look at soli as an aggre
gation of mineral particles of varying
size, shape and composition, that forms
a medium by which food In solution is
conveyed to the roots of plants. The
laws that govern the diffusion of salts
in solution as the latter pass between
the interstices of this mineral aggre
gation are little understood. The con
ditions are such that a number of well
defined laws are pulling against each
other, so to speak, and forming new
laws. laws that must be studied to get
the best results. The si7.e and nature
of the mineral particles undoubtedly
influence not only the rates, of diffu-
another group of i sion of the minerals In solution passing
! through the interstices Deiween mem
I hut also the amount of water a soil is
; sulphates,, another of changing vegetable caDaDia 0f retaining. Then, too, in
matters Into humus, and so on with other loosely arranged aggregation of mineral
, substances. - Few or no attempts have ! particles there is a greater opportanity
' for aeration and a. less resistance to the
(bcen made to improve these organisms ! fipread of piallt root system than - in
with a view to obtaining greater effort a compactly arranged one. Thus, it
from them. Brewers and vintners have ! "ill be ween there is much opportunity
' for careTul investigation. mere is a
i great need, too, for a nomenclature of
the 'various soli conditions that can be
readily understood. Our present terms,
', such as they are, have too broad an
j interpretation. It is Impossible to de
' fine a soil condition by their use, there
t fore much misunderstanding arises.
! It is. however, on the chemical na
! ture of soils that agriculturists seem
j to have been bending their energies in
' recent days. Some truly significant
i facts have been brought to light that
give every prospect of a wonderfully
beneficent influence on crop yield. Most
important among these is the influence
of sulphur on soils. !
so Improved fermentation yeast that the
iiesuit now obtained from it is hardly
comparable v itli that obtained from the
earlier material, and there seems to be
no reason why soil bacteria should not
be improved in the same wajh Kom-e
years ago the Azotobacter, the principal
uitrogen fixing bacterium, ran so ram
pant and produced such quantities of
sodium nitrate in orchards in the alka
line soil of a part of Colorado that they
did considerable damage. In fact a
number of 30-year-old trees v t ie killed
by the excess of nitrate formed, nd an !
elaborate research at the Colorado State j
experimental station proved it to be
due to the wort of the Azotoh:irter The t
1-lkali. moisture and deeavinir vetretahle 1 Sl'LPHl It'S 1 XFI.l E' t E
matter in the soii were found to be jUst
suited to the propagation of this micro
organism. There is reason to believe,
then, that, by careful study of this prob
lem, the nation, so far as agricultural
pursuits are concerned, could be made
ever, to faulty methods of analyses. The
agricultural chemist had been in the
habit of determining what he called
the "morganlc constituents of plants"
by incinerating the plant ahd from the
ash calculating the amount of so-called
"inorganic constituents.". From the light
of recent research, it is now known
that sometimes as much as 90 per cent
of tle sulphur contents of the plant
was lost durlngthe incineration, so the
result obtained gave no idea of the sul
phur content. By Improved methods of
analysis it has been discovered that
many plants contain more sulphur than
phosphoric acid, nitrogen, or potash.
Thi s, for Instance, at the Southern Ore
gon experiment station a ton of dried
alfalfa was found to contain seven
pounds of sulphur and five pounds of
phosphoric acid, while a like amount of
rape contained the phenomenal amount
of 20 pounds of sulphur. The sulphur
seems to exist mainly in combination
with carbon, and for this reason until
recently escaped the notice of the agri
cultural chemist. Since it has been es
tablished beyond all doubt that next to
carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen, - sulphur
is one at the main, if not the main,
constituents of plant life, the addition
of sulphur in various forms to Boils is
being investigated at a number of. ag
ricultural experimental stations In
America and Europe.
The investigations have produced
some truly wonderful results. The ad
dition of from 300 to 400 pounds of ele
mental sulphur per acre prior to sowing
has. caused some remarkable crop in
creases. Practically every crop experi
mented' with has shown afti increase
under the Influence of sulphur ; sorre
small, others phenomenal. The Increase,
too, varied considerably at different
atations
pected,. as
The olio
obtained on
Lake :
and were treated aa 'nearly as possible
alfke as regards cultivation and . Irri
gation. The harvesting bn the sMlphur
Isse4 and unsuldhurtied .. portion .was
done on the same day, and the crops
were weighed,' giving results as stated.
The soir on ' whiclr the experiment was
conducted wag alkaline. . . .
Vork done by Dr.'C, B. Lipman of
the University of California and Dr. F.
C. Relmer of the United States South
Oregon statioftj, confirms, the experi
ments made at Salt Lake, and proves
beyond -'all Moubt that the addition of
sblphur to soils Increases- the-yield of
all" crops. anf It), many instances phe
nomenally. ' '
' The ost remarkable result recorded
Is that by" Dr. 'Relmer," who found that
bx. harrowing in 300. pounds of element
al sulphur per acre the yield of alfalfa
was increased over 500 per ' cent '
rSCREASES YIELD
It is a noticeable fact that the addi- j S
t ioiv of sulphur to sods seems to increase !
the, yield of the plants of the guise fam- J ST
lly more than any other, and suggests j S
that it. may increase their well known I
nitrogen fixing properties. The best re-J S
suits nave Deen ooiainea in - moist
soils wen charged with humus. In fact,
to get the full benefit from the addition
of .sulphur, moisture and hUmus seems
essential. '
Up to now the experiment with sul-
I phur have been conducted . mainly on
alkaline soils. To what extent sulphur
til anA .Alii aila i
! problematical. It may probably will I VEIM lILA T ED
levtnd tf thla potanh can be released
and rendered available to plant life It
will go" far toward making -us' lndepen-.
part of the continent of North Amer- den V of the German supply.
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Pff
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It lias been proven and so rccum mended
by the University of California that if you
sulphur your grape vines and orchards- SIX
times thev will not be affected by MILDEW
or RED SPIDERS.
' ANCHOR Drand Velvet Flowers of Sul
phur, also EAGLE Brand, Fleur de SoiifrC
packed in double sacks, are the fluffiest and
PUREST SULPHURS THAT MONEY
CAN BUY; THE BEST FOR VINE
YARDS; THE BEST FOR BLEACHING
PURPOSES, LEAVING NO ASH.
TRY OUR NEW BRAND
Sublimated . Sulphur
This, of course, was to be ex- be necessary to add lime, such as basic ImDaloable Powder. 100 Otire, in double
3 the nature of the soil varied, j phosphate or in other form, with the e r n ' i r .
wing are a few of the results sulphur, but, considering the estab- SaCKS, lor Dry Uustmg and making I aste
a field scale
Sucar beets
tht of ,
imi
Barley shotted an increase of ... .
oats .
What
Maize
Alfalfa
Canadian .field peas ....
Potatoes
Hubbard squash
HOW TESTS WERE
near Salt lished fact that sulphur is an essential Atomic Sulphur)
,.f nlftnf ifA than MM1 Kilt i -m r '
ruit uMt-auLrnuK suLu 1 ivjix,
Per cent 113 aviinuiuuu uiiuct eunauic vuii-
tbe poorest increase. - ditions will materially Increase crop
3.7 I yields on all soils.
'5 Another Important point is the prop
57 j erty sulphur has been found to possess
127 ! of releasing and renaenng avanaoie ior
plant . assimilation potash that is al
ready in the soil, but in a form not, or
Until recently sulphur was supposed
to- be present in only very minute quan
tities in ilant life. Compared to nitro
gen, phosphoric acid and potash, the
quantity of sulphur was considered neg
ligible. This supposition was due, how-
ki
'-'if wt k n-i
When Sawine Wood the .THOMAS saws as much
as ten men. And it will run any 'of your machinery that
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One man operates and moves it from place to place. All metal
construction; all-weather tgnition system. A 6turdily
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caicr and more economically.
I 5 ,oanr Point west of Mtaitifppi
'185 to ny Pain CMt ol Missiasippf
rnrer.deliTeredto nfrcftstatioa
'Out Fre Circular Ci
Poll DeKription.
'rite Also For
Testimoniali
THOMAS
ENGINEERING
WORKS
et. N Title4TroBlof.'
PORTLANP. OREGON
531 . x3fSSS3S
vvl The milk flow U the beat indication-ol- ftf-
M'f-.Im the health condition o! a cow. If the rjp;
EstJsPi .Vv yield is below normal it is almost alwayi 4tfA
s'mfe-tfe: a risn o PProachine t1- AM
i''Sr:S?yiv anotwaitforaetBldtoewderetoeelo: yea 03l
- V5f can easUy pot tba cow back oa ker IW s.d ward JV j ;
"c5;'"'' eriou allmeats by Ihe proaapt mtm of Kow
rk v itXt' Kore, the creat cow mediciae. lJ
.JWSjfcjk ia case of Abortion, Barreaneaa, Retalaed AJ
tJ' Wf Afterblrta, Scosria. Lost Appctit. Baackea, ,2W
'Vwwlliry tan4& remedy I a reliable treatsBeaU. l -
'mmV jVGtf-t. ItsctiStoaceoathediiettiraandieattaJariaaa, i t3
: y- 'mTv rSpfyiir where aaarly all cow diseasea oriiaate. frl
':l i''Ww The occasional use of Row-Kure. aa directed. &STr
j. '-1 rjtrl rJJSSx' will prera aa effertWe preveatiTe of eew aliaeaaea OjtSSt i
2 V"1" and. discase-praveatioa pays bia ia dairy proata. X ;
' fcrW8i. $9 "a St? i
ia.ralMlMja. PMmmn4 druggist. Vvl
UlUllH ..ilf,W(i! Pi ASSOCIATION CO.f ff V
i2.
36.8
383.3
63.0
187.8
MADE
In making these testa a plot or land
was selected that has as nearly as it
was possible to find the same character
tof soil throughout. Half of his was
sown with 400 pounds of sulphur per
acre, and the whole was then plowed.
The various crops were sown in the
sulphurized and unsulph'uriaed soil at
the same time, each at Its proper season.
Read the
of the
Oregon
Agricultural
College
Alter
Exhaustive
Experiments in
Klamath and
Deschutes
Counties.
eorrtct Wtlghtttsd Tstti. Oafctlttarat. SMl
POIlTIt a USS. WrKt far last aad SMnlac Tigs
SWIFT A COMPANY
281 tlitw Simt MITUSI, (inOI
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Traung Label & Lithograph Co.
205 HENRY BUILDING, PORTLAND, OREGON
Fred Johnston, District Manager
Factories San Franrlseo, Stockton, Fresno, California
and Offices Seattle, Wash. Portland, Or.
use our DIAMOND "S" BRAND RE
E FINED FLOUR SULPHUR. We can
5 furnish you ttii sulphur at such a low
5 price that IT WOULD PAY YOU TO
E MIX YOUR OWN SOLUTION and net
vou a profit equal to the amount paid out
5 for labor in spraying; your orchard, even if you pay your men E
$4 per day for making the solution and applying same. S
5 To create additional available plant food, drill into the 5
5 soil 100' to 400 pounds per acre DIAMOND "S" BRAND
s POWDERED SULPHUR 100 pure. This has increased 5
various crops up to 500.
1 SULPHUR FOR THE LAND'S SAKE
E ASK US FOR PRICES ON
E PREPARED DRY DUSTING MATERIALS,
E Tobacco Dust, Dusting Sulphur Mixtures, Etc. E
E Sulphur Pastes, etc., Furrgicides and Insecticides,
E carried in stock and mixed to order.
E Write to Dept. 8 E
i San Francisco Sulphur Co.
624 California St. San Francisco,' Cal. S ,
E We are equirred to nuke immediate shirments. Send for pam-J 5
rhlet. "THE TRUTH ABOUT SUBLIMED SULPHUR": also illustrated
Booklet. "NEW USES FOR SULPHUR." Price Litt and Sample.
E Please state for what purpose you use the sulphur, quantity E-
E needed, and date of shipment preferred. E
SMUTTY GRAIN CAN BE PREVENTED by mixing 2$ to 50
E pounds of powdered sulrhur to too pounds seed mixing the -same s
E in the seeder when planting. Ask us for information from promt S
E nent growers and horticultural commissioners. Send olso for book E
E let. "NEW USES FOR SULPHUR." Availed to you free of charge. g
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'Wf ' mW -a- MM as ,
on Style
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this has been proven by the day-after-day service that it
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Write for the apecial Bain book. Just fill in the coupon
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ft w ss n v v r '
Th hlt lit mUHal."V. I.I. -rrr n
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ovl!'0 kF? flvet' 9ron ty double bed. bottoms llnVd
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MBaiakiaHBaiaBaBBBHHBBBBHHDisss.HRa.--
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R. M. WADE & CO 360 Hawthorne St, Portland Or.
or 496 Howard St, Spokane, Wash.
Please send me fully illustrated "catalog as described
above. J1
Name
aoaaja t
Address
ill
!IMsfa
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rl Mil ff" !
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