'1
THE OREGON JOURNAL.
article and of Article XII relaxing to
the action and powers of the coun
cil shall apply to the action and
powers of the assembly, provided
that a report made by the assembly.
If concurred in by. the representa
tives of those members of the league
represented on the council and of a
majority of the other members of
the league, exclusively In each case
of the representatives of the parties
to the dispute, shall have the same
force as a report by the council con
curred in by all the members there
of other than the representatives of
one or more of the parties to the
dispute.
RETICLE XVI
Should any member of the league
resort to war in disregard of it
covenants under Articles XII. XIII
or XV. It shall ipso racto be deemed
to have committed an act of war
against all the other members of
the league, which hereby undertake
immediately to subject it to the sev
erance of all trade or financial re
lations of the covenant-breaking
state and the prevention of all finan
cial, commercial or personal inter
course between the nationals of the
covenant-breaking state and the na
tionals of any other state, whether
a member of the league or not
It shall be the duty of the coun
cil In such case to recommend to the
several governments concerned what
effective military or naval forces the
members of the league shall sever
ally contribute to the armaments ef
forces to be -used to protect the cove
nants of the league.?'
The members of the league agree,
further; that they will mutually sup
port ene another in the financial and
economic measures which are taken
under this article, in order to mini
mise the loss and inconvenience re
sulting from the above measures,
and that they will mutually support
one another in resisting any special
measures aimed at one of their num
ber by the covenant-breaking' state,
and that they will take the neces
sary steps to afford passage through
their territory to the forces of any
of the members of the league which
are cooperating to protect the cove
nants of the league.
Any member of the league which
has violated any covenant of the
league may be declared to be no
longer a member of the league by a
vote of the council concurred in by
the representatives of all the other
members of the laague represented
thereon.
ARTICLE XTII
In the event of a dispute between a
member of the league and a state
which is not a member of the league,
or between states not members of
the league, the state or states not
members of the league shall be In
vited to accept the obligations of
membership inr the league for the
purposes of such dispute, upon such
conditions as the council may deem
Just If euch Invitation is accepted,
the provisions of Article XII to
XVI inclusive shall be applied, with
such modifications, a may be
deemed necessary by the council.
Upon such invitation being given,
the Council shall immediately insti
tute an inquiry into the circum-
stances of the dispute and recom
mend such action as may seem best
and most effectual in the circum
stances. If a state so invited shall refuse
, to accept the obligations of member
ship in the league for the purposes
of such dispute, and shall resort to
war against a member of the league,
the provisions of Article XVI shall
be applicable as against the state
taking such action.
If both parties to the dispute, when
so invited, refuse to accept the ob
ligations of membership in the
league for the purposes of such dis
pute, the council may take such
measures as will prevent hostili
ties and will result in the settlemeot
of the dispute.
ARTICLE XVIII
Every convention or International
engagement entered into hencefor
ward by any member of the league
shall be forthwith registered with
the secretariat and shall as soon as
possible be published by it No such
treaty or international engagement
shall be binding until so registered.
ARTICLE XIX
The assembly may from time to
time advise the reconsideration by
members of the league of treaties
which have become inapplicable, and
the consideration of international
conditions whose continuance might
endanger the peace of the world.
ARTICLE XX
The members of the league sev
erally agree that this covenant la
acecpted as abrogating all obliga
tions or understandings Inter se
which are inconsistent with the
terms hereof, and solemnly under
take that they will not hereafter
enter into any engagements incon
sistent with the terms thereof.
In case members of the league
shall, before becoming a member of
the league, have undertaken any
obligations inconsistent with the
terms of this covenant, it shall be
the duty of such member to take im
mediate steps to procure its release
from such obligations.
ARTICLE XXI
Nothing in tills covenant shall be
deemed to effect the validity of in
ternational engagements such as
treaties of arbitration or regional
understandings like the Monroe doc
trine for securing the maintenance
of peace.
ARTICLE XXII
To those colonies and territories
which as a consequence of the late
war have ceasea to be under the
sovereignty 'of the states which for
merly governed them and which are
inhabited by peoples not yet able to
stand by themselves, under the
strenuous conditions of the modern
world, there should be applied the
principle that the well being and de
velopment of such peoples form a
sacred trust of civilization and that
securities for the performance of
this trust should be embodied in
this covenant.
The best method of giving practic-
MRS. WOODROW WILSON
able effect to this principle is that
the tutelage of such peoples be in
trusted to advanced nations who, .
by reasons of their resources, their
experience or their geographical po
sition, can best undertake this re
sponsibility, and who are willing to
accept it and that this tutelage
should be exercised by them as man
dataries on behalr of the league.
The character of the mandate
must differ according to - the btage
ef the development of the people,
the geographical situation of the
territory, its economic condition and
other similar circumstances.
Certain communities formerly be
longing to the Turkish empire have
reached a stage of development
where their existence as independ
ent nations can be provisionally
recognized, subject to the rendering
of administrative advice and assist
ance by a mandatory until such
Wilson Gives Out New
"Ten Points" on Treaty
nnilE president has let it be known exactly what he believes the treaty
ef peact? actually provides for. lie mmMiritM the high tights of
the treaty through preparation of a new "ten points. This summary,
Issued to the newspaper correspondents on his car, was the president's
reply to the latest declarations of the senators who are opposing the
treaty.
In it the president says tha treaty now before the senate docs the
following:
1. Provides for tlje destruction of autocratic power as an in
strument of international control, admitting to membership ouly
self-governing nations.
t. Provides for the substitution of publicity, discussion and
arbitration for war, using the boycott, rather than arms.
3. Provides for placing the peace of the world under constant
International oversight, in recognition of the principle that the
peace of the world Is the legitimate, immediate interest of every
state.
4. Provides for disarmament of all nations, with a consequent
reduction of taxes.
5. Provides for the liberation of oppressed peoples.
6. Provides for the discontinuance of annexations and the sub
stitution of trusteeship, with responsibility to the opinion of man-
kind.
7. Provides for the invalidation of all secret treaties,
8. Provides for the protection of dependent peoples.
9. Provides for high standards of labor under International
sanction. t
10. Provides for the International coordination of humane re
form and regulation.
Tliis statement was an elaboration of the suggestions made by the
president in his Minneapolis address. It completely summarized, the
president said, exactly what the treaty will do when it is put into opera
tion. His summary was designed to place before the people of the
United States, be said, a complete simplified analysis of the bulky document.
time as they are able to stand alone.
The wishes of these communities
must be a principal 'consideration
in the selection of the mandatary. -
Other peoples, especially those of
Central Africa, are at such a stage '
that the mandatary must be respon
sible or the administration of the
territory under ' conditions 1 which
will guarantee freedom of conscience
or religion. . , only to the
maintenance of public order and ,
morals, the prohibition of abuses, -such
as the slave trade, the arms s
traffic and the liquor traffic and the
prevention of the establishment of
fortifications er military and naval :
bases and of military training of
thm UHoH flM. AtV.. nnllx
aw wmw, Jw...w
Purpose and the defense of terri
tory, and will also secure equal '
opportunities for the trade and com
merce ef ether members of the '
league.
There are territories. - such as
Southwest Africa, and certain of the "
Booth Pacific islands, which, owing
snarseness of their popula-
nm er their amall aim r tkii r
moteness from the centers of civ
ilization or their geographical con
tiguity to the territory of the man
datary and ether circumstances, can
be best administered under toe laws
of the mandatory as Integral por
tions of fts territory, subject to the
safeguards above mentioned In the :
interests of the Indigenous popula-
tton. In every ease of mandate, the
mandatary shall render to the coun- ,v
cil aa arniaal report In reference to
the territory committed to Its
charge. "
The degree of authority, control or '
administration to be exercised by
the mandatary shall, If not pre- r
vtously agreed upon by the mem
bers ef the league, be explicitly de
fined in each case by the council.
A permanent commission shall be
constituted to receive and examine
the annual reports of the' manda- -taries
rnd to advise the council on
ail matters relating to the observ
ance of the mandates,
iitirr.w Tmt
Subject to and in accordance with '
the provisions of international con
ventions existing or hereafter to be
agreed upon, the members . of the
league la) will endeavor to secure
and maintain fair and humane con-
ditiona of labor for men. women
and children both in their own coun
tries and is all countries to which
uicir uwuinwrvimi ami mousixiai re
lations extend, and for that purpose
will establish and maintain, the nee-
ft) undertake to secure just treat
meat cf the native Inhabitants of
ivrriun-iea unner , neir coniroi; tcj -will
Intrust the league with the gen
eral supervision over the execution
of agreements with regard to the
traffic In women and children, and '
the traffic in opium and other dan
gerous drugs : (d) will intrust the K
league with the general supervision
of the trade in arms and ammuni
tion with the countries in'whlnh th
control ef this traffic Is necessary In
th CflHImMt tntttraat fk will mlr 'R
provision to secure' and maintain
freedom of communication! and of
transit and equitable treatment for
the commerce of an members of the -league
In this connection the spe
cial necessities of the regions devas
tated during the war of 1914-191
shall be m mind j (f) will endeavor
to take steps in matters of inter
national concern for the prevention
ana control or aisease. , ' ,
ARTICLE XXIV f
There shall be placed under the
direction of the league all Interna
tional bureaus already established
by general treaties If the parties to
such treaties consent All such In
ternational bureaus and all commis
sions for the regulation of matters
of international interest hereafter
, I . . t.vi - i
direction of the league. ' "
In all matters of International In
terest which are regulated by general
conventions but which are mot
placed under the control of Inter
national, bureaus nr commissions, ;
the secretariat of the leante shall,
suhject to the consent ef the coun-.
, ell and If desired by the parties,
collect and distribute all relevant
Information, and shall render any
other assistance which may be nec
essary or desirable
The council may include as part of
the expenses of the secretariat the
expenses of snv bureau or commis
sion which is placed under the direc
tion of the league.
ARTICLE XXT
The memliers ef the league agree
to encourage and promote the es
tablishment and ceonerstios of duly
authorised voluntary national Red
i Cross ore-anlzatlon having as pur
poses Improvement of health, the
preventtne of disease and the miti
gation of suffering throughout the
world. ; '
ARTICLE XXTT
Amendments to this covenant will
take effect when ratified by the
members of the league whose rep-;
resentativea compose the council,
and by a majority of the members
of the league whose representatives
compose the assembly.
No such amendment shall bind any
member of the league which signifies
its dissent therefrom, but In that
rase It shall cease to be a member of
the league
ANXEX TO THE- COVEWAFT
Original members of the League of
Nations, signatories of the treaty of
United States of America, Belgium,
Bolivia, Brazil British Empire, Can
ada. Australia, South Africa, New
Zealand. India, China, Cuba, Czecho
slovakia, Ecuador, France, Greece.
Guatemala, Haiti, Hedjax, Hondu
ras, Italy, Japan, Liberia, Nicara
gua, Panama, Peru, Poland, Poriu
gal. Iloumanla. Serbia, Slant,' Uru
guay. States invited to accede to tha
covenant : 1 '
Argentine Republic, Chile,, Colom
bia. Denmark, Netherlands, 'Nor
way, Paraguay, Persia, Salvador,
Spain. Sweden, Switzerland. Venezuela.