THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORT LAND, SUNDAY - MORNING, JULY 27, 1919. Alt fNDEPEKTJICNT NEWSPAPER C. 8. JACKSON..., . . Iubtib I'ublished every dw, efteraooa and morning incept Sundtr afternoon), at Too Joetnal - BuiMinf. Krntdtiy and iambill ; Unci, I'ortUDd, Oregon. . Kotxrvi at tha Poatoffiee at Portland. Oregon, v for trancmiaaioB through tha mail a eeeooa ? elaaa matter. - f- - ' ::- TELEPHONES Main - t7a: Hum, All departments reached by theee Bombers, Ttl tha operator what department jom want. KORKWN ADVKRTI8INU BKPRKSKNTATIVB f-jatmn A Kentoor ).. r' to,"id'": 23 Fifth aTenue, J'w " Tf ork i SOO : Mailer BuUding, Cbtracj. burertptkm term b mail, or to any adoree In tha United tttatea or .Metico! VAlhX fMORNINU OB AFTEBNOQJO On year. . , . . 9S.00 t One mtmth . . . . , $ -50 HUNDAT -. rar.:. .$2.60 1 One month. . - . . 9 .2 &AU.Y (MORMNO OR AFTERNOON) AAD , BUN DAT ' tna rear.,- . .$7.50 I One month. . .68 ! The path of tha JuU ia as .the (hinins light, tint ahineth mora and more unto the perfect day. Proeesba ' 18. - - ; . -. ; I 1 THEIR STRANGE DISSENT 0s N WHAT reasonable theory could Supreme Justices Burnett and Benson hold that the Pacific Livestock company should not be made to restore Oregon school, lauds known to have been obtained by fraud That Is the effect of their dissenting, opinion. . " v The state has a suit against that corporation. Thousands of acres of 'school land, declared by Attorney General Brown to have been obtained by forgery and fraud are held by the company. The attorney general of s the slate Is trying, through the suit, to secure restitution of the illegally 'held land, the same as was done in the P. A. Hyde case. , The corporation Is alien -and rich. Who wilt say. If it holds lands il legally obtained, that it should not be required to make restitution? A " stolen automobile is always seized 2y the" authorities and restored to the ovner. Should hot the same rule apply in the case of thousands of acres of school lands unlawfully acquired? Justices Burnett and Benson held ' that because a wrong complaint had . been filed, and demurred out of court, Ihere could be no further trial. It mattered not that the corpora tion holds school1 lands worth half a million which belong to the slate. It mattered not that the facts in the , Kit it have stover been brought to the -attention of the court. It mattered ; 'not that courts are established, and maintained to hear the testimony arid adjudge between the parties. j All that had weight -with the two justices was a trivial quibble, and that quibble bore down upon them so heavily that they deliberately stood lor relinquishing to the Pacific Live stock company all the valuable school " lands In its possession, no matter .how obtained. . All this they "pro posed to do without the hearing of scintilla of evidence by the lower court. . - Are courts maintained and judges supported to prevent presentation of . J. no facts in a pending cause?. Oh ijnue contrary, what are they; for but . lo see that the facts and all the facts bearing on the issue are fully and ireely presented? If they are not for that, what are they for? The dissenting opinion Is not good - law. 'It Is not good morals. It is not , good common sense. : Justices who present such views r- aught not to be on the bench. r - " J.:r - With net earnings of J7.757.939 t above its fixed standard income, gov rnment control of the Southern Pa- clflc for 118 was anything but dis astrous. The irritatinsr thing; with thevnanagers is that, under. Inter etate Commerce commission regula tion and goverament -control, the . Voads were not permitted the unre- iftricted profiteering In which so nany activities ran riot.". ' COSTLY CARELESSNESS fHIS season, in common with nearly ' I every , one ct the past, forest I fires are dteslroying property which cannot be replaced during the lives of the : present generation. The federal government, , states, and private owners of timber have given tserious thought to prevention of fire and- yearly spend; thousands of dollars with this object in view. ; And still the greatest menace to our magnifi cent forests continues to be 'fire. , The , question ' may well? be asked, ?Vhy is It impossible to- prevent most of the fires which yearly oc iur V It will be conceded that the problem is formidable but the need ) for solution -is likewise great' It" will jt uo uv cuucfueu progress nas been made, but the present fire3 in - Idaho - and .Montana and' ithe' lesser ones ins Washington and Oregon show - plainly that we have far to travel before it may-- be. -claimeI - th.tt our forests are effectively 4 !-;VearUed -ajrainst fire. " ' . - - it -is neueven : mar nrnrcirnon rigencics are doing efficient work but ' tii.it the public generally is not prop- tily backing up their efforts. There - PLAYING WITH BANKRUPTCY HERE is testimony at the rate bearing Thursday:: r v'M -, The livestock rale from Pendleton, 216 miles, to Portland , Is 17 a" car, ai 74 a car from Pendleton, 401 miles "through Portland,, to Seattle. - ..." 1 , -: . i Seatite is 185 miles farther. Would a primitive freight wagon haul a shipment from Pendleton-to Portland for 174, and, if the shipper so de sired, haul it on 185 miles farther, to Seattle, without extra charge? Cer tainly not. The old prairie-schooner freighters did not do a frenzied and foolish business. , ' Ho steamboat5 line : would haul a shipment 216 , miles, and then If the shipper so wished, carry it : on another ' 185 miles without added charge. Ifjs only on railroads with a rate structure made to favor some particular locality that such an arrangement, ever appears. ; The ' Investing public has lost confidence In the railroads, and refuses to invest in railroad securities. No wonder ! No railroad can afford to haul a train load of livestock' 401 mtles to Seattle for the same charge that it hauls it 219 miles to PorUand. If its 216 mile haul to Portland is reasonable at 974 the added 183 mile haul to Seattle for nothing Is a heavy loss to the road. i What incentive or what sense in hauling the shipment the added 185 miles for; nothing? Not one solitary reason can be advanced for thus throwing away the money of stockholders of , the road. A bank doing that sort of business would have its charter taken away by the govern ment. ; A private business applying such methods would end in bank ruptcy. ( "-. It is such unbusinesslike, light-headed methods that have brought raiir road finances into disrepute. Lawyers ing at the rate hearing are still further undermining publio confidence m the roads and their methods. . There can be no faith for investment pur poses in transoortation systems whose managers haul a trainload of live stock 185 miles without a penny of compensation. ; - This is not an isolated case. The money and the public's money Is presented in routing traffio over moun tains where 'four locomotives are required to do what one locomotive will do on a nearby and available valley And we recently had the spectacle from Puget : Sound, through Portland, San Francisco and New Orleans to Cincinnati, 4176 miles,: when it - could have reached ' its destination by direct routing in only 2483. The shipment; was needlessly hauled 1693 miles without compensation, : : ; 5 f I Every railroad man knows that this is wastefully ruinous. The public knows it. Yet the railroad managers ' whine and are constantly; before the interstate commerce commission for Increases in rates.'. The railroad managers are ever before the publio with ; claims that their earnings are Insufficient. Why" do they f not manage the roads on natural laws with a due regard for common sense and economic truths? While bedeviling the interstate commerce ' commission and the public for increased rates,; they are ' forcing traffic over unatural, and, therefore, more costly routes. By trying to force all traffic through '"one Pacific port they recently gave us the spectacle of 4000 to 6000 cars used mostly aa warehouses standing for 1 more than a year, in Puget Sound terminals and on sidings far Into the back country. It was, largely the 'result "of making traffio move along unnatural . instead of natural routes., The practice wastes railroad resources, piles needless ' tasks upon rail road equipment', uses trackage to the least advantage and results in monu mental inefficiency. ' . : . :,- : i .: Julius Kruttschnitt laid down a fundamental that is inescapable In the economies of railroading: One foot ! of adverse grade Is equivalent to 344 feet of level track.. Then there-is another fundamental that Is inexorable: Once the train is loaded and in motion it costs exactly twice as much to haul a train two miles as to haul It one mile. By adhering to these unchangable laws and ignoring the heresies and fallacies which communi ties and railroad lawyers urge for j violation of these laws, the railroads of the country can be made to pay, and. the cost of moving "the nation's traffic be greatly reduced. 5 Until that s donej regulation of railroads will be a failure, and the roads remain in turmoil and trouble. , " - Artificial rates, defying natural laws, with a trainload of livestock hauled 185 miles without added charge is chaos. It Is, disorder, and cannot survive. Until the interstate commerce commission ends the " chaos and compels the roads to apply natural laws the public will continue distrustful and the, roads remain an unsolved problem. is a tendency to deal too leniently with those who cause fires. The publio should realize that de struction of timber means retarding the development of the state and helps to increase the cost of lumber and so the cost of living. It should be demanded ? that violators of our fire laws be brought to justice. The time has arrived for the publio to take a real interest in this sub ject and support those struggling to protect a great resource. Forest replacement and perpetuation of our timber supply depends for success upon Tirst solving the fire problem. " The solution rests very largely with the public. Veteran i of the Franco-Prussian war of 1870, J. A. Chollet of Mon treal faithfully . kept his vow of 48 years ago never to have his hair or beard eut until Alsace-Lorraine should come back to France. Close ly cropped hair and an imperial are all that is left now of half a cen tury's hirsute growth, and a perpet ual smile sheds Its radiance on the righting of the great wrong of that evil day when France lost her prov inces. AMERICA S GREAT RECORD COLONEL .LEONARD ,P. AYRES, chief of 'the statistics branch '.of the general staff, has compiled a statistical summary of the war with;; Germany which shows the mag nitude of 'America's, s participation in that conflict. It ' shows , more than that, for it demonstrates the amazing speed with which the United States overcame the inertia of peace to hurl Its every energy into the cause of the allies. ' America ; put 4300,000 men under arms, of whichr 4,000,000 were in the army, the remainder in the marine corps, the navy and the other branches of the service. Of this total; 2,086,000 men were sent over seas, while out of that total 1,390,000 fought on the battlefields. - In transporting this - mass of men the maximum sent across the ocean in one month was 306,000, while the greatest number returned in the same space of times after the tide of war had turned, was 333,000. ; A total of 7,500,000. tons of supplies were-shipped from America to France, while the, cost of the war to April 30, 1919, reached the total of $21,850, 000,000, of which f 13,930,000,000 repre sents the cost of the army up to that date. . ; The record as compiled shows that there were 1,200,000 American troops participating in -the Meuse-Arironne battle, during which there were 120,- 000 American casualties. - During the war 50,000 American soldiers were killed In action while 236,000 were wounded, t; American deaths from dis easeduring ,the war totaled 56,991, a greater J number, than were killed in action while ;the "total deaths 'from all causes' amounted to 112,422. ' . When America entered the war the British government had a little more 'NV ; r.- " . now defending that sort of balloon same principle of wasting stockholders line. of 150 cars of soy bean oil routed than 2,000,000 men in France. "which number decreased : until,: In 1918, America had more soldiers in France than England did. It required three years for England to reach the two million mark, which was topped by America, in the face of the long dis tance transport problems, in half the time. One Deculiar feature nf tha nm- pilatlon shows that the smallest pe? cent of drafted men"passlng the phys ical examinations are grouped in the New England states, New York, Mich igan, ; Colorado, Arizona. .California and Washington, where from 50 to 59 per. cent of the men; drafted passed the tests given them. In Oregon, Idaho, .Nevada, Utah. Pennsylvania. Virginia,; Tennessee, South Carolina and Georgia the per ent was from 60 to 64. In . Montana, Wisconsin, Missouri, Illinois. Indiana. Ohio. West Virginia, North 'Carolina, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida it was 65 to 69 per cent, while through all of the remaining Middle Western states and Arkansas and Kentucky it ran from 70 to 80 per cent a con dition which furnishes food for thought. ; On the morning of Jalv 10. A car rier pigeon flew out of the gondola of the R-34, then one day out of New York. on the return trit to England. On the afternoon of the 11th, 30-odd hours; later, what is believed to be the same 'pigeon fell to the deck of the West Kyska in mid-Atlantic. The bird was so spent with Its long flight that It suffered itself to be picked up, and was so famished that it ate voraciously. In its vain search for the ; home loft m England, the wonderful bird, as it flew on and on, saw only a vast expanse of waters ahead, and, with ; its .strength at last gone, It followed the example of Hawker, and took refuge on a friend ly ship. ' .. -; ; . t i-v .' UNFAIR TO FARMERS m: ANY - Eastern newspapers assail the - wheat price and intimate that .the , farmers n should have voluntarily released the govern ment from its pledge of a $2.26 basic price. ' - What? about the dollar Ja bushel and more that the government' cut away from .the wheat- price during the war? . ;. Wheat was selling at $3.25 a bushel when ; the government assumed con trol "and fixed the price. Flour was well on the way. to $25 a, barrel and. would; have reached that figure had not the government intervened. 1 Long , before the armistice was signed; wheat, with nearly the whole world under 'arms, could easily have soared to $4 or $5 a bushel. We have only to look at the uncontrolled price of barley and oats flour, which sold at ' nine ' cents a pound when wheat fiour ' sold at -five, to realize the enormous prices to which wheat and wheat flour would have mounted. .Xonsumers.'' werd saved huge sums in the purchase of -wheat and flour during the war, and it 'was denial to the farmer of wa r prices ho could have obtained, that gave J them the saving. - - ' - Nor did. we know when the pledge of 256 basic wheat' was made that the war was to end ' so soon-i - We then expected it - to continue into 1919, and we fixed tue-price, both to protect consumers and to induce farmers to plant the utmost total in wheat acreage. It. was a precaution, not for the farmers alone, but for consumers, and It' is neither fair dealing nor in. good taste now to in sist that tbe farmers should have voluntarily released the government from Its pledge. Eighty per cent of the 500 Ger mans Interned at Fort Oglethorpe. Ga., and Fort Douglas, Utah, should be deported; was the statement of John R. Creighton of the federal de partment; of Justice before a con gressional Investigating committee. Only about 40 of those. Interned can be deported under existing laws,; he saidfc in urging additional legislation. Let the legislation be enacted. Men traitorous to America In time of war should have no place bere in time of peace, whether they be" Germans or of any other race, v WHY BOTTLE IT .UP? T HE public, whose lightened pock ets" bear the expense of main taining the publio schools, of the city," including the board of direc tors, have a lot to be thankful for, after all. In the . first place the board, at is special meeting of Thurs day evening, "stated a definite policy governing- tours of inspection made by its members. That Is something to ' be thankful about. Everybody, from now on will know just what to expect when the dog days breed the wanderlust In the bosoms of the board and the treasury is open, and the road is too. ; It w-as thoroughly understood be fore . Director George B. Thomas left on ; his $600 "tour of inspection," Dr. Sommer told his colleagues that the "district would stand the ex pense," not only for: Mr. Thomas but for any other members of , the board who "would benefit the board by their experience." 0 It ,1s unfortunate, perhaps, for Jhe future education of the young that the other members of the board did not take advantage of the general understanding and "beat It" for the humid East along with Director Thomas. It may be, of course, that the cause of education and beneficial experience will profit more if the other members await a time when some other experience besides, a Shriners convention . can demand their attentive investigation. Maybe, seme dear day, there will be a Moose con vention, or the Odd Fellows will meet, or the Elks, or the W. C T..U., or the Anti-Saloon league. Then the boys can all go and absorb beneficial experience, or grape Juice, or any thing, they can gather for the benefit of the school children. . It Is too bad that the beneficial experience which Director Thomas bought on his $600 "tour of inspec tion" cannot be passed on to the tax payers who paid for it. Why bottle it up for the board? Why not. let all of us In on some of these good things ? I have no hesitation In saying that there are evidences of unlawful prac tices In the traffic' In foodstuffs," said Governor Cox of Ohio, in order ing the attorney general to conduct a statewide , Investigation of" food prices. "The war is over, but 'too many interests do not seem to recog nize it," he said. The most impor tant domestic problem In America today is the riot of high prices. The profiteering during the war is con tinuing in time of peace;" BUILD WITH VISION OREGON is ' now embarked " on a great road construction program. On those who have been instru mental in the bringing about of this situation is the added responsi bility to see that the millions of dollars provided for shall be applied to construction which will ; be rea sonably ' permanen t and adequate to the demands of traffic. The func tion of the good roads advocate has changed. It used to be necessary to educate '' the public to the value of improved highways. .It is now neces sary to point' out; what is required in proper construction. If It is considered. that a well payed road should be giving service 20 years hence, we must look 20 years into the future and visualize the volume of traffic it must then carry. , Motor truck transportation is yet in its- infancy and no one can foresee what it will b even 10 years, hence. lt has been established that' the lm provement of a highway more than quadruples the volume of traffio it carries. While a traffic census, of aa unimproved road is useful, , it is not a sure indication of . the amount of traffic when the road is Improved. The Oregon standard calls for a roadbed 24 feet wide on the main trunk roads and for a 16 foot wide pavement. ' In . some instances this standard has been departed fromo a a ' a . a a a.. save cost oi construction, nut mere is a question whether this has been in the interest of real economy or not ; There is also a question whether a 16 foot pavement, or even a 20 foot one, will ' be adequate a few years from now. :.- : Take' the Rex-Tigard road : or sec tions of the Pacific highway "which have been paved." It Is already ap parent that the ; 16 foot pavement is quite narrow and, throws traffic on the edges, resulting In a breaking Iovn of the material, allowing water to ' penetrate and set up deteriora tion. 'While Jt . is Impossible to foresee the volume of traffio whlco will be developed In the next 10 years, it Is certain that it will, flow steadily over our main roads 'both ways and that our roads should; be jwide enough to allow not only forjtwo lines ;or slow moving freight trucks, nut also two lines of the more rapid moving pas senger car. . Provision . should be made for' this ultimate development. STRATEGIC FRONTIERS? No Such Thing in the Sky, end the Sky b What Counts Now. ,,: I -rrona..tha. Chicago Post : Leas and less does it matter whether nations prone to quarrel are separated by- mountain range and river, or even by oceans. Not only is there no longer such a thing as an impregnable natural defense to land forces or to navies, bat barriers that once offered the service of delay are useless to halt the . flight of aeroplane or dirigthle. promise - no assurance of security In the future.. . Once 3000 miles ' away meant three months away; steam " narrowed It to weeks and days ; the aeroplane reduces It to- hours. Once a mined coast, well patrolled, might be counted upon - to hold a naval foe at bay;' now the foe can come by air and rain destruction on inland cities. There is no strategic frontier in the sky. . -; ' We haU with enthusiasm, as an evi dence of human progress, the achieve ments of the last, few weeks, in 'which three types of aerial craft have ven tured successfully a flight across the Atlantic ; , Everywhere ' men are talking of the commercial possibilities latent in these triumphs of daring and skill. Nor can we prophesy, too boldly. They will be developed beyond the range of our present imaginings. But - let us re' member that as commerce perfects this means of communication it per fects also a means of warfare. . And the aircraft not only- destroys the strategic frontier it -: annihilates the front. - No more can there be a battle line," a restricted area of r war fare measured, by the immediate " con tact of armies. The xone of . slaugh ter and of devastation will be limited only by the .flight radius of the bomb ing plane and the "blimp. . . If we are to have another world war we must reckon that when It comes there wUl be no ' such thing as civilian immunity. " It has become customary to speak of the war from which we are emerg ing as a war of nations in the new sense that . it .'compelled the Industrial reorganization of whole peoples in or der to maintain Its vast armies. . But the next war the war that must not be will be a war of nations in a stiU more terrible sense. No man, however old or Incapacitated, no woman and no child wUl be safe from its weapons. Chicago may be as open to the foe's attack as London was to the Zeppelin. We will not have to cross the ocean to find "horrors. We could not keep out of his war, but ' we kept It in Europe. If war comes again we shall be able to do neither. a '.. . Is It 5 not ! evident that If the next war fs to be never, we must - depend on something more than armies and navies to avert it? ' The physical barriers that once af forded a sense of security have gone. The spiritual barriers that have pro voked misunderstandings , and fostered prejudices and suspicions must go, too. Nations must learn to live and work together , for the common good and the common peace. In this alone lies our hope that civilization will be saved from the utter overwhelming that threatens If ever its destructive forces are again unleashed. Letters From the People Comnranicatioaa sent to Tha Journal for publication in xbis department aboold.be written on only one aide of tha naner. ahould not exceed 800 words in lencth. and moat be signed by the writer, wboae mill address in lou must accom pany toe contribution. J Bibulous Ancestors Athena, July 24. To the Editor of The Journal. A great many people are ex tremely jealous of their personal rights, especially with reference to any restric tions that may be put upon them in the treatment of the liquor question. They seem to imagine that the greatest boon to mankind since creation 'was John Barleycorn the only material , thing that God did forget at creation, and man supplemented it. And they have mighty curious ideas' as to what their personal rights are. One could laugh sometimes, if it were not fer disgust. How they will hang and haggle for that precious ; liquor! And Mr. Ltlnscott's plea is about the most laughable and least logical, I have seen ye$. But of course he proved nts case, au right, beyond a - perad venture, when he Intro duced his grandfather story. - He. must be the same ! old grandfather I have heard of before so many times. : He lived in Iowa, Arkansas, Texas. Illinois. Minnesota ahd, - lastly, Missouri. He must have been a fine, grand old man. They all said he was., How placidly he went down to his death at 98 years (Or was it 198? Oh, well, it doesn't make any difference) with a pipe in one hand and a bottle In the other, smil ing sweetly and serenely- the . smile of the just and i only demised in the end because he came to a place where the demising .was good, and also because he wanted to assert a personal right. , It's enough to make the old man rise from his grave if he could know what they have done to his beloved demijohn. - Too bad a great majority of people in their blindness and their remissness to " their personal rights have been so arbitrary, , and - cut off absolutely cut of f the possibility for - any future grandfather to achieve what that grand old man did. Who knows but what one of those old" gentlemen will get ob streperous one of these days and just refuse to die at all. ' F, B. WOOD. . Hisses Ills Beer Portland, July 28. To- tha Editor of The Journal I fully agree with J. H. Clark, who, . according to his letter of July 23, "views the future with alarm.' I was born and raised in the beautiful city of Portland I have had beer to drink an my life. Am I dissatisfied? I should say I am. --, Why? This is the very reason:1 I lived "n a certain dis trict in Portland., and after work would get off the car. and stop off at a grocery store that happened to be on the same corner as the car; stopped, and buy my groceries. This groceryman is a strong prohibtionist. row he tells me I can't have my glass of beer, ' and profiteers on me. ,1 used to go to base ball .games, read Shakespeare, Tolstoi, etc, and studied .a certain - branch - of art. ; Now I have dropped It all, and after my .day's work all I do is sit down and . grieve, wondering , it I . VfiU ever be able to have my glass of beer. The touch of -snorting nfe- is - surely taken out of me. Yes, I am married ; have two THE REFORMER By John Greenleaf Whittier ALL grim and soiled and brown with tan, I saw a Strong One, In his wrath, . Smiting the godless shrines of man t " Along his path. The Church, beneath her trembling dome, Essayed in vain her ghostly charm Wealth shook within his gilded home - With strange alarm. 4 - Fraud from his secret chambers fled . . Before the sunlight bursting in: Sloth drew her pillow o'er her head To drown1 the din. "Spare." Art Implored, "yon holy pile;' ' : ' That grand, old, time-worn turret spare;" "Meek Reverence, kneeling in the aisle. Cried out. "Forbearl" Gray-bearded Use, who. deaf and blind. Groped for his old accustomed stone, Leaned on his staff, and wept to find - I His seat o'erthrown. Young Romance raised his dreamy eyes, O'erhung with paly locks of gold : -Why smite," he asked In sad surprise, "The fair, the hi.V Ytt louder rang theStrong One's stroke. Yet jiearer flashed his ax's gleam; Shuddering, and sick of heart I woke, As from a dream. I looked: aside the dust-cloud rolled The Waster seemed the Builder too; Upspringing from the ruined Old I saw the New. 'Twas but the ruin of the bad The wasting of the wrong and ill; Whate'er of good the old time had Was living still. OBSERVATIONS AND IMPRESSIONS OF THE JOURNAL MAN By" Fred f Thta la tha eonehidini article of tha two prepared by Mr. Locale j to recapitulate the career ol U K. -Alderman, wno naa neiu uw moat prominent public achool poaitiona in Ore awn and wboae work in behalt of linkine home and achool naa been recognized as notable tha country orer. .-. . "While I was county superintendent of Yamhill county, I worked out a sys tem of school credits for home work," said- Professor Lt. R. Alderman, "who has Just returned from France, where he addressed more than 60.000 soldiers on vocational guidance and other edu cational subjects. "Under the name of 'the Oregon plan of school credits, this has been adopted by almost every state in the Union. One of the most pleasant results of this work came ' from my writing a book called 'School Credits for Home Work. As it Is -widely used throughout the United States I find that, no matter where I go, some edu cator will say, 'Are you the Lewis Raymond Alderman who wrote the book on 'school credits for home work?" It has made me friends all over the coun try. Today, when I travel through Yamhill county, X can still find in the gardens throughout the county, water melons and popcorn that came from the seed I distributed there many years ago. "From McMInnvIlle I went to Eugene as city superintendent Of schools. I dis covered that a good many of- the boys who were idle and mischievous and who made trouble for their teachers were not Interested in : their studies. X waa In' a quandary Just what to do to keep these boys Interested, for I knew If I could hit on the proper thing, some thing in which they would take an Inter est, lt would - solve - the problem. , I finally hit on the plan of having the boys build bird housea The . schools took up nature study. Most of these boys who had caused so much trouble in the past, laid aside their airguns and flippers and. Instead of killing the birds, became their defenders. They studied the habits of the birds, and took pride in being able to name every bird they saw. They studied their nesting habits. I gave a prise for the best birdhouse bunt by any boy in the city schools. Four hundred and twenty-three birdhouses were entered In the contest for the prise. ; These birdhouses, when the prize had been awarded, were put up In the trees and on poles and Eu gene became a bird-loving city. I doubt if there is any city In the state where birds are so tame as they$ are in Eu gene. f " ..V e a - The buUdlng of the birdhouses led to the Introduction of manual training In the schools there. The plan worked so successfully with the boys that I se cured volunteers . from the Women's " club as Instructors to the gTrts. Thirty two women volunteered to teach sew ing in the schools. We were fortunate in finding a graduate of Columbia col lege who could give these 38 volunteers lessons in how to teach. We estab lished a sewing course, which resulted In bringing the home atmosphere Into the school and the : school Into the home. There have always been two separate worlds for the child the home life and the school life. There has been a lack of understanding by the teachers of the home problems and by the parents of the problems of the teacher. This move ment resulted in mutual understanding and better cooperation between the home and school. We. organized sewing con tests and held exhibits. We also or ganized classes In breadmaklng. We tried to teach the girls the duties of home life and how to become home makers, realizing that the better home maker a girl is the less liability there is of domestic infelicity, and divorce. I believe that education should not be ar tificial that i the schools must devote their attention to the human problems and not to artificial problems. . t . a . a . . "After beln in the city schools for a while I was elected professor of edu cation of the University of Oregon. After children. - I worked In the shipyard for Uncle Sam and did my best, -while some of our profiteering prohibitionists reaped the harvest- AN UNRESTFUL ONE- . Names That Fit From tha New York Erenlns Poet "Scapa Flow," "Quidi Vidt," Cardinal piffl (of Austria) and General Pilsud ski (even though he has nothing to do with prohibltionf; are names so suited to their purpose that it , is hard to imagine anything more so, unless lt be "East Fortune." They bring back the days of the Dreyfus trial, when Paty du Clam took -the palm for. appropriate christening. What names In fiction are half so fit? Beside them Bleak House and Bareacres, and even Z. M areas him self, seem Ulfltting and Inefficient. "AhVasJIenry James says, "life has a trick that you can't catch I" Turkish Humor - ' From the IxmarrOJa OonrieisJoarnal - The sentence r ol Enver Pasha and other Turkish leaders to death in their absence from Turkey argues a sense of humor in a Turkish courtmartlal which Gilbert and Sullivan would have de lighted to celebrate In comic opera. It Is prohibition of life without possibility rtt nfnrrnnnL V" Lockley two years' work in the University of Oregon X became state superintendent of public Instruction. Here I was able to do for the . children of the whole state what I had tried to do as county superintendent and as superintendent of city schools. , "In 1911 the Bankers' association, at my request, gave me a check for $2500, the Union Stockyards gave me a check for a similar amount. This 95000 was to be used)n doing for the whole state what had been done for the children of Yamhill county and of Eugene. - That Is the creating of an Interest on the part of the school children of the state, particularly in. the rural schools, in farm life. I organized a potato raising contest. I arranged to furnish seed free to any child in the state who would promise to compete in the potato grow ing contest. I found : a man ' named Klppel, who had a farm near Salem, who was raising some remarkably fine potatoes. I got my seed potatoes from him. The contest closed -in September and the children were required to bring their potatoes to the state fair. Trie prize was to be given' to the child that raised the most potatoes from the sin gle potato furnished him. ' A Linn coun ty boy, Eugene Dumond, whose father's farm was near Albany, broke the world's record for raising the largest number of potatoes from one potato. cs - j J- ': - '- - - ' ' . ; T shall never forget that contest Nat urally I was keenly interested In It. A child would bring to the Judges In the pavilion a gunny sack half full of pota toes, raised from the one potato he had received. Another child would come up with a box of potatoes and In his Wake would be the father and the hired man, each carrying a box with sworn evidence that these three boxes of po tatoes had been grown from the one original potato. Finally a sturdy red headed boy 14 years old drove up In a wagon with what looked like' a load of potatoes. His father and the hired" man brought In 11 boxes of potatoes. The potatoes were in regular sized apple boxes. He . claimed that all of these potatoes had been grown from the one original potato. The Judges felt this was impossible. In fact, one of them told me that the boy might take a prlxs as a prize liar, but he couldn't make anyone believe he had raised 11 boxes of potatoes from one potato. The boy produced a certificate from the county judge of Linn county In which was set forth the method by which he had raUed his 11 boxes of potatoes from th one original potato. The potato X had sent him had 13 eyes. He had cut the potato up carefully, and planted it In a cold frame. When a shoot would get a few Inches long he would pull It off and eplant it. Another shoot would come out where the first one naa been removea, until he had 300 hills planted from this one potato. He had looked up the po tato growing business and had found that this was done with sweet potatoes, so he thought he would try It out with Irish potatoes. If you want to know more about this you can find this boy's picture In Adam J. Puffer's book on 'Vocational Guidance " ; "To wy popcorn clubs, watermelon clubs and potato clubs were added corn clubs and pig clubs. If every child In a country school would keep JO chickens the revenue produced from the eggs and sale of chickens would pay the entire cost of running that achool. This sound like a dream, and yet it Is a dream that could be realized. If the teacher could Interest all pupils in chicken raising. . "In 1913 I became superintendent, of the Portland public schools. You are fairly familiar with what has been done with the public school system during the past six years. Now about my - work overseas I never enjoyed work more, and I believe X" have never done work that will prove more helpfuL It was a wonderful experience." .Help Our President Win By Tlrzab Lamond Hold up bis henna! He ia maktns the fiht for yon. lt him know that wa etaad -In one eohd band, t To help make hia-vision com true. Hold op bia handil Lvten not to the traitor refrain. , Let democrecjr'e Ualit fined Ha twye thrones the stent; Follow not toe fa lee prophets again. Hold up sis handil ' - Ti humanity' crjr that you hear. - The hearts that are still Foocht oar ficht wit s wtn. ; Let u pTOTe to the is sow we're line ere. ... Hold up hie hands! Do not let him stand ail atone. --. Or we'U anare in the blame " Of ear senatori' ehame. And oar country is tear will atone. -Wolf Creek. July 2. Souvenir of Service , ' From the Cleveland Plain Dealer It Is to be noticed that a lot of dis charged soldiers have almost gone back Into civilian costume, but not quite. They still retain the wrist watch. The News in Paragraphs World Happenings Briefed for Benefit of Journal Headers ; , . ' OREGON NOTES. Clarence B. Moffenbpior nt Mi. anrrl. a member of the old Third Oregon, was welcomed home on - his arrival- from ' overseas. - -.;....'-: SDOntanootll cnmhuat Inn la hlamrt fnr- fire which destroyed 2a tons of alfalfa hay on the farm of A. J. Noble near arineviue. . . A larre run nf MrrllnAa ha, annar In the UmDOUa and Kiunlaw rivra and Coos bay, hut no effort is being made u uw ma iisn commercially. HarveBtinir In IJnn county has started and about 30 machines will soon be at work threshing the grain, which is estimated to be worth approximately. a.,uiv,uuv. . v "Jsv walking" on Astoria's buiilnra streets has been made a misdemeanor, and yellow lines have been painted to ' praminani oonerve tne law, which provides a fine of ft to 910 for v lui&uoiia. Lieutenant Flovd IX Brawn ef KM. verton, whose airplane was damaged in a fall unil who sold the machine, has gone to Han Francisco with Lieutenant rVanseen of Fortlanrt to purchase a nw iane lor commercial use. which he will ly home. t Duncan Don a Ian. son nt W Tl TVtur. las. an attorney of Marahfiinirl. has been named United States commissioner ior tne coos Bay territory, succeeding A. IC. Peck, who - quit to - reprsMent squatters on Coos Bay wagon road grant lands. , - - - C. B. Common, a rrrhrrtlt. tiaa filed suit for divorce against Marie T. K. Comoton. whom, he married while doing army guard duty at EI Paso. mrs. uompion was a nurse tn a military hospital at the time. Farm life, ha alleges, proved too tame for her. Alleging that a caro-o of onions, com. Prising 8129 sacks, shipped from iSan 'ranctsco a year ago, whs so damaged as to be a total loss, the T. I'mmon company of San Francisco has sued the Great Northern Pacific Steamship com pany ior s.ou.iB in tne Astoria courts. A deputy fish warden ronflsrtatMl "SO - salmon. 16 to IS inches in length and wBisnmn jess man inree pounds eacn, which were brought In by the purse seining boat - Chinook. It is reported mat inousanas or DaDy salmon, ap parently killed and thrown away, are floating outside the mouth of the Col umbia. ; WASHINGTON. ' ' Confiscated liquor " valued at more than 19000 was destroyed In Jdontesane) by Sheriff Bartell. i . The annual meeting of county com missioners of Washington will be held in Vancouver, September 11-13. Plans- to establish a cooperative fish cannery at Cathlamet were discussed by 60 gillnet and trap fishermen and others. . ' Yakima pear growers were paid $60 a ton for the first carload of pears shipped to Eastern markets. Apricots brought the growers 6 cents per pound: plums 4 cents a pound, and early peaahea are selling for 75 cents a box. H. a Hudson, supreme master Arti san, and member o the board of di rectors of supreme i assembly of the order, visited Centralia Saturday, look ing over sites for the proposed Arti san home for aged, dependent and sol dier members of the lodge; GENERAL The railway . strike In England has oeen amicamy settiea, ana au trains are running on schedule time. A sensational high treason trial has Just come to its close In Berlin with the acquittal of Gorg Ledebour, Spartacan leader. .. Postal savings deposits gained 934, 000.000 during iha war, , despite Liberty . loan and War Savings Btamp cam paigns. -. - -: - .... Germany Increased her - stock of gold during the war, but lost 9122,000, 000 between January. 1 and , May 7 of tljls year., .i . , . : A contract has been-signed for 100,000 tons of coal for France, and negotiations are proceeding for an additional 600, ooo tons. ;;..':; '-'. ::.;'-;; It Is stated that 886.673 families of soldiers find sailors In the United 8tatea are still being assisted through the me dium of the Red Cross. The Belgian government next week will Issue regulations governing trade with -the Germans. Every transaction will require a license. Secretary Baker tells congress that to keep within the appropriations for this year the army must be reduced to 225.000 by September 30. A mob of 1000 men, all heavily armed, has destroyed the telephone lines and -private system of the street railway company at Tulsa, Ok la. The French and Belgian guards on, the Rhine have received orders to "shoot to kill" every suspicious person approach- , ing the left bank, of the river. Theodore Patterson, mine superintend- ent and a British subject, was killed by Mexican bandits at his camp in the state of Zacatecas, Mexico. By a vote of 969 to 47 the house has passed a bill providing a minimum was of 93 for all government employes ex cept those In the postal service. . Judge F. II. Taft of the superior court at Los Angeles has ruled that hereafter when women are asked their ages In his court they must give the exact years. The department of agriculture pre dicts a sugar crop this year of 2,216. -000,000 pounds, 147,000,000 more pounds than the average of the preceding six years. , - ' .-'-'.:.. ;;.--' At Vancouver,- B. C, Annie and Nellie Hunter, sisters, aged 91 and 28, rented a. rnwho&t. rowed out into the stream. deliberately jumped ' overboard, and were drowned, . Arrangements have been made by th.e representatives of Germany, Franceand Switzerland for the repatriation of 800, 000 German prisoners in France by way OK owiuerjapo. The prohibition act passed by the Call- -fnrnla learlalature Is held ur by refer endum until the 1920 general election. .Kauiicauon o l" imerai cuniuiuuuimi amendment also goes to referendum.' Uncle Jeff Snow Says: A - whole lot of ; learnln' hi bllm blammed foolishness. There's been a lot . of learned men a-sittln "round Portland argufyln' that It don't make no difference whether you haul your spuds up a long- hill and then down agin, or haul 'em , over a graded road along on the creek level ; to town thout no hlil pullln', What s'prises me Is the guv-ment sendln' out . a com mission to listen to 'em. It seems to me some of them there smart rail road fellers the guv-ment has on Its payroll - could .tip a pool table up a inch or; two at one end and find out right off - which way the balls rolled most-. easiest.;; -..;,.::',...-. . War Savings Stamps Really . Of Double Value v f Stories of achievement la the sooasae latin of War Sarin Stamps, aent to Tne Journal and aeeepted for publication, wUl be awarded Thrift stamp. J For savings small and large, regular and recurrent, unparalleled oportunlties , are open . to Americana at present. Governmental securl'' ties, safe, sure, profitable, income bearing,; non-depreciable, non-taxable, - non-fluctuating, , are offered in tempting scope and variety, to say nothing of -savings banks, endow ment policies. -and other unques tionable; safeguards and invest ments. And - money - invested in government securities. In the War Savings Stamps and Thrift Stamps so easily purchased, - means money twice saved, really, since Its profits accrue to the individual and the government , as well. . Thrift ' Stamp and 1919 War Sarlnr Stampa now on nU it nraat asanda. - .