THE , OREGON DAILY JOURNAL. PO RTLAND, SATURDAY. MAY "l7. 1919.
AS INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
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Thi must be a people' peace, because
this was . a people'! war. The people won
th.ii war, Mot the governments ; and the
people must reap the benefit of the war.
Woodrow Wilson.
THE IGNORANT PEOPLE?
SENATOR BRANDEGEE of Ver
mont, one of the pillars in the
Lodge-Pcnrose plot against the
; League . of Nations, warn the
'American people that they should
have nothing to say about the league
covenant and that in considering the
treaty the senate shou be "unem
barrassed by popular clam
or." Here are his words:
Unless the senate is free to consider
the Root amendments and others, un
embarrassed by executive pressure or
by popular clamor, the people of the
United States will be deprived' of the
protection of their own constitutional
Safeguards and maybe become com
mitted without 'adequate understanding
to a serious international experiment
from the results of which they have
little to gain and much to lose.
r That is to say, the people cannot
'understand" the treaty. Only Sen
ator. Brandegee and other senators
are capable of "understanding" the
covenant and the League of Nations.
There must, he argues, be no "pop
ular' clamor" to embarrass the sen
ate; while the wise persons in that
body are considering the treaty. In
titer words, government in this
country, as Interpreted, by Brande
gee, is by, a group of little fathers
f -superior understanding who are
trustees., and guardians of the peo
ple and acting for the people because
tie people do not know what is
good for them.
As kaiser, William Hohenzollern
claimed a superior right to govern
by reason of his alleged partnership
. with "Gott," by reasbn of his birth
and by reason of his superior under
standing. The Brandegee demand
that the senate be "unembarrassed"
byi Ignorant "popular clamor" is lit
tler if at , all, short of the Hohen
zoliern idea, which is the Prussian
.idea of government. It is junkerism
s complete, and" nothing but junkerism
Is at the bottom of the fight against
the league.
The ' Brandegee mistake is the as
sumption that the people do not
"understand." The mother whose boy
sleeps under a white cross on Flan
ders field "understands" what the
league means. The father who ex
pected to walk down through the
shadows of the dark valley with a
' stalwart 'son to lean upon, until that
son fell before Hun steel, "under
stands." '
The thousands upon thousands of
boys who came home crippled and,
. as deficients, must go through life
handicapped "understand." The mit-i
lions who,, in war taxes and. soaring
war prices and by the sacrifices and
' struggles, of the past bitter years, are
helping i pay for the war "under
stand." .
"Mr. Taft "understands." His clar
, ion voice is resonant throughout the
nation in appeals to' his countrymen
; i to compel the senate to ratify the
1 league. "Unless tha League of Na
tions is formed at this time, the
'opportunity will pass, probably not
'to recur until this country is plunged
(with others into a devastating world
. ; war," was his declaration, at Indi-1
.enapolis yesterday.
, U is the Brandegees and Penroses,
saturated with junkerism and sailing
under a veneer of patriotism, that
;dQ i not "understand" the league or
. the American people. If they defeat
the league, there will be a "popular
..clamor to abolfth them and the
senate with them.
A BALLOT MEASURE
.0'
,N JUNE 3. the date of the
specials election, the" voters in
,18 counties of the state will pass
upon the issuance of $5,200,000
:'of road construouon bonds for the
building ; of, local roads.
" - Union county, which is full -of the
' road making spirit, is postponing its
bond election - until after the people
. cf the state as a whole have decided
'vhether the proposed amendment. to
Increase . the road bonding power of
counties from 2 to - 6 per cent shall
prevail. 1 That county seems to de
sire to Issue bonds up to the limit
of the proposed 6 per cent.
Under the present constitutional
, limitation of 2 per cent Union county
now could bond itself for approxi
mately 1499,000 for road construction
work on the basis ' of the last as
sessable valu3 of, the property of
that county. Under the limitation
of 6 pep cent provided in the pror
posed amendment to the constitution
this bonding pow,er would -b- in
creased to approximately; $1,498,000.
What the "6 per cent county in
debtedness for permanent roads
amendment," as it will be entitled
on the forthcoming ballot of June
3, would mean tp the various counties
of the state can be seen from a
glimpse of possible results in par
ticular counties here and there.
Should the limitation be raised to
6 per cent Baker county could vote
road construction bonds approxi
mately $1,61000. Clackamas county
could ra'se $1,737,000; Marion I2.5G3.
000, and Yamhill $1,257,000. These
totals are approximately three times
what may now be raised by county
bond issues for road making pur
poses under the existing limitation
of 2 per cent of the assessable value
of the property in the county.
It is particularly urged in behalf
of the proposed amendment that it,
in itself, creates no added indebted
ness. It simply extends the power of
the voters of any and all counties
of the state to say In specific in
stances whether they themselves want
to sp'md up to 6 per cent of their
property valuations upon permanent
road construction within the
boundaries of their own county.
In other words, the people of the
state are being asked to pass upon
the question of whether they can
trust themselves with the power to
go into debt for road construction
in an amount equal to 6 per cent
of their taxable capital. Should the
amendment be approved by the voters
in June they would still have the
power of approving or rejecting any
bond issue that might be placed
before them.
Faced as the state now is with
the economic necessity of providing
all the year round highways for the
use and benefit of the rural com
munities, it would not seem un
reasonable or unwise to have a
fundamental law so framed that the
people who must pay the bills could
have the power to say whether
they desire to have . the bills to
pay. It is a matter of local gov
ernment and local option solely.
Now we have to pay a tax on
our bitters along with the other
luxuries we aro supposed to enjoy,
but thank goodness soap is still
on the free list with the sweaty days
of summer In the offing.
MONTANANS, TOO
0
NE by one tMe Inland Empire
communities are waking up to
the fact that they are being
forced to pay an unjust toll
for having their produce hauled to
market Montana agriculturists are
now wanting to know the right and
the wrong of- the rate situation.
They are tired of paying more to
have freight hauled down the
Columbia river grade to market than
the cost of transporting that produce
justifies.
Accordingly they have asked that
a rate expert be sent from Portland
to tell them why ft is that they may
not ship to Columbia river points
for lees money than to Puget Sound
points, which lie over the moun
tains and far away from them. They
will form this week a state wide
organization to be known as the
United Farmers of Montana, and are
deeply interested in the, establish
ment of rates down the Columbia
that will permit them to ship to
these market points under a tariff
based upon the cost of the service,
rather than one based on the trans
mountain haul to Puget Sound now
the foundation of existing rates.
Brokers and business men know
the structure of freight rates, and,
as a general rule they are interested
in the subject only insofar as the
advantage or the disadvantage of their
business Is concerned. Producers, all
too often, knowHhe rate they have
to pay on produce shipped, but not
what makes it high or low. Inland
Empire produoers are beginning to
see behind the curtain and to dis
cover that they are paying continual
tribute to Puget Sound to the detri
ment of their bank accounts.
Glimpsing these things they are be
ginning to ask for readjustment on
the lines of justice and equity and
not on the basis of fictitious theories.
They want to pay a just 'charge for
service given them. They object to
paying a perennial bonus to boost
rreight trains over the tops of the
Cascades-into Puget, Sound.
WHEN DOCTORS DISAGREE
HE railroad question is getting to
I
be almost as .unpleasant a pre
dicament as the small boy
troubled with a superabundance
of green apples and sympathetic
relatives.
There is no more important case
for diagnosis. Undoubtedly the rail
roads are suffering from a malady
the virus of which may easily affect
every joint and muscle of the nation's
business. What ' Dartieular brand of
serum will best : combat the bugs
of industrial uncertainty bred by
existent conditions is one of the
most serious problems toJ)e solved
by the "vise physicians of the senate
ana nouse. ,
Mr.- Mines, director general of rail
roads, has one remedy. He would
group the railroads of " the nation
into a few great systems, turn
them back to private and Consolidated
ownership, guarantee their earnings
and hoyutheir .operation; and conduct
under strict and direct government
regulation. Others would have gov
ernment operation, still others: full
government control ; others, yet, out
right government ownership ; and
operation- All seem to agree that
the old ofBer of things has passed
and is impossible of return without
bringing in its - wake all sorts of
financial disorganization and danger.
Outstanding r a i 1 r o a d securities
mount to the dizzy total of $17,000,
000,000. Millions, probably billions,
of dollars are needed for betterments.
extensions, maintenance and opera-1
uon. Capital bides at, the mention of
added investment in this direction.
That something must be done goesJ
.ilk ...1 1?L . .. ..a - .
without saying. What it will be is
of vital interest to all of us. . Con
gress has a big -job ahead.
The Americanization conference now
being held tinder the eye of the
interior .department at Washington Is
said to be drawing plans and speci
fications for a new "melting pot
into which aliens are, put and from
wnich American citizens are taken,
If the war taught anything, one of
its greatest lessons is the need of
Americanizing America.
A GREAT SCULPTOR
A'
; bVEJST f unusual intpr.t
will be the unveiling next Thurs
day on the campus of the state
university at Eugene of a statue
which is to commemorate the Ore
gon pioneer. The statue, which is
the gift of J. N. TeaL is the creation
fof A. Phimister Proctor, one -of the
icauing artists and sculptors of
America, who, perhaps, more than
any other, has caught the spirit of
tne west as was first shown in his
"Buckaroo" symbolizing the Pendle
ton Round-Up.
The 6tatue to be unveiled Thurs
day represents in bronze a pioneer
walking with a gun across one
shoulder and an ox whip in his
other hand. With long beard and
hair and broad brimmed hat the
typical man of the frontier is re
vealed.
Cherished, honored, slowly passing
To the dim and mystic shore.
The distinguishing feature of Mr.
Proctor's genius is the faithful
visualizing and reproduction of the
frontier type.
Mr. Proctor is a native of Ontario.
Canada, ana was born in 1862. He
studied in Paris, winning the Rhine
hart Paris scholarship. His early
work was exhibited at the Chicago
cApuaiuou oi ieyj, and consisted of
sculptural groups. At other exhibi
tions, Paris, Buffalo. St. Louis and
San Francisco, he won gold medals.
m a number of public parks and in
art galleries his creatfon nrrn n v
a prominent place.
Among his works were the auadrie-a
for the American pavilion at Paris
in 1900, and groups for the Buffalo
exposition in 1901. The McKinley
monument at Buffalo is one of his
creations.
"This Portland isn't in it with our
Portland." is the comment on a
card to a friend by Jay Stevens
lately in Portland, Maine. The main
fortiana is not the Portland
Maine.
in
WRT OF THE SHIPYARDS?
0
REGON shipyards since the war
began have produced some 730 -000
tons of shipping. They are
now nearing the end of work
on government contracts iiot with
drawn by the United States shipping
board, and July or August will see
the last of this work completed.
Already force reductions have been
made, while still further shrinkage
is in sight. For that reason the
announcement that the ban on
foreign contracts has been lifted so
that Pacific coast builders may go
into the open market of the world
Is reassuring.
Norway and France' each are in
the market for 1,000,000 tons of ships,
so it is anounced by Washington
dispatches. Italy is seeking to have
500,000 tons constructed. Other na
tions are seeking ships to repair the
losses of war so that the foreign
field is broad. But five Or Kilt vaivti
in the country are now in position
to contract for foreign account sr
shipping, board officials state, the
remainder being engaged on con
tracts ror the American Merchant
Marine.
Added to this possibility of foreign
employment remains the vast un
completed portion of the American
shipbuilding program. Want of
money appropriated for shipbuilding
is now hampering the work of the
shipping board, and conrres win
be asked as soon as it convenes to
provide sufficient funds to eo An
with the task. The critical
in which the shipyards of the na
tion now stand will undoubtedly
result in immediate action being
taken and relief granted. Then will
come the reletting of contracts re
cently cancelled, on the basis of
peace time- construction coste, and
the shipbuilding business will swing
upward once more to its maximum
stride.
It is doubtful if the bogey of dis
sipated and scattered working forces
held out by the shipbuilders is the
Irreparable handicap f that has- been
claimed. Three years' ago these
forces did not exist except as largely
untrained and disorganized masses of
workingmen. Since then they have
been moulded into skilled and JUghly
efficient organizations, working at
top speed, and at tdp pay. The in
dividuals never before; have received
such wages as were paid. They are
not t liable to wander "far from .' con
tinued employment! under such con
ditions, so that it will more than
probably be an easy matter to recruit
the , shipyard army back i to , full
strength and efficiency whenever con
ditions justify. ;
it is probably true also that once
the' shipping board swings j into its
peace time construction j program
with ample appropriations back of it
there will not be so much room left
In American yards for foreign account
contracts. The United States has
long distance to go before it will
have builded Its merchant marine up
to the place,, where it can; see the
end .Of its- program and begin ; to
make room behind its 'own necessi
ties for the construction of ships for
competing nations,
Still another angle is shed on the
discussion by the statement 6f Seattle
builders that foreign contracts of
fered them could not be accepted
irrespective of any barrier j in their
way, because of the low construction
cost demanded by the foreign pur
chasers. If this statement is well
founded and of general j application
it may develop that the foreign busi
ness is not of such vital importance
to the future operation and success
of American yards after j all.
The answer to the question of in-
stant interest seems to rest j with the
quick action of congress in providing
funds for the continuation- of the
American program. Sucjh provision
would untie the hands 0f the ship
ping board and make i iti possible
for that body to go forwar4 with the
work it has mapped out. 1 The re
actionary filibuster that brought the
last congress to an end without pro
viding funds for government needs
Is really at the root of the ship-4
builders' present dilemmaj. Had those
funds been forthcoming when con
gress adjourned there would doubt
less have been no slow down in the
program of the shipping board, no
disorganized working forces and no
cause for complaint. Construction
would have been switched from a
war to a peace time basis and the
work kept going forward f full tilt.
It was up to congress then,! and it is
up to congress now.
THE TREATY AND
THE 14 POINTS
Analysis That Refutes Those Who
Deny Accomplishments.
From the New York Erening Post
A simple way of approaching the Ques
tion whether the work of the 'peace con
ference squares with the 14 points would
be to count the 14 points, to see what
nM so rar Happened to thejjn. Except
In the most passionate flights of news
neaaiine or or senatorial rnetoric no
one will seriously maintain that all of
the 14 points have been I "violated" or
tnat all 14 have been absolutely vindl
cated. It will be an aid to clear think
ing if we eliminate non-controversial
Items and reduce the debate to 10 points
or six or three or whatever the in
vestigatlon may show. The Sun asserts
under a double column head. ' "14 Points
Missing, Terms Called Conquerors' Pact,"
that In Washington "diplomats admit
it requires considerable imagination to
see even a remote resemblance between
the actual terms and the so-called prin
ciples upon wnicn they iwere said to
be based." The Sun theni prints An par
allel columns tne n points and Its .own
comment on what the treaty has done
to them. We reproduce the deadlv
parallel in condensed form beginning
wilu tne last point ior reasons that will
be apparent to the reader. The Sun's
comment follows the statement of the
particular principle : - ! : ,
U. uenerai association of- nations
formed. "League of Nations estab
lished in treaty."
(13.) Independent Polish state erected.
etc. "ComnIifrl with "
. (12.) Turkish nortions of nttnman trvr..
pire to be assured free sovereignty.-
'Not Included in treaty." since th
treaty concerns Germany! alone.
(11.) Rpumanla. Serbia, .Montenegro
evacuated ana restorea. "ivot included
m treaty witn uermany";; for the same
reason.
(10.) Autonomy for DeoDles of Ana
tria-Hungary. "Stricken out by Presl-
uem wiison previous to armistice.
. (9) Italian frontiers adjusted alone-
lines of nationality. "Not yet taken up
publicly but secretly settled in accord
with this point, despite President Wil-
Thus, out of the 14 noints "missinar"
from the treaty in the Sun headline, six
points are round on the roll call in the
Sun text. The next two; points, still in
tno reverse order, are evacuation and
restoration of Belgium and France and
return of Alsace-Lorraine. On both the
Sun comment is: "Compiled with, but
with territorial annexations added." In
tne case ,of France this would be the
saar, which is distinctly not ajmevAd
In the case of Belgiun the criticism
holds, though the annexation is of two
bits of territory, one of which, Moresnet,
has been long in dispute.-- Concerning
point 6, evacuation of Russian territory,
our neighbor eavs, "No! evacuation of
Russian territory ; but ;the treaty die
tinctly says, "Germany! agrees to re
spect as permanent and I inalienable the
Independence of all territories which
were part of the former Russian em
pire." Concerning point 4, reduction of
armaments, the Sun says, i "No reduc
tion of armaments" ; but the' covenant
of the league embodied in the treaty
caus ror "plans lor a reduction of arm
rrt--"u
a . '
Already we can trace; a "remote re
semblance between a statement of 14
principles and a treaty embodying 10 of
these principles. There remain point 1,
open covenants openly arrived at, to
which the Sun answer is, "Open coven
ants secretly arrived atK ; point 2, abso
lute freedom of the seas---" Absolute Brit
ish domination of the seas" $ point ,3, re
moval of economic barriers and equality
of trade conditions -unfulfilled .accord
ing to the Sun; and point, 5, impartial
adjustment of all colonial claims "All
colonial claims adjusted! at, the dictates
of their conquerors." Concerning open
covenants as against secret diplomacy,
the vening Post has repeatedly asked
for a definition of secret diplomacy; it
has asked whether, a -treaty . which on
publication shows nothing that has not
been anticipated and discussed with the
widest publicity can be called tha re
sult of secret negotiations, and whether
a treaty to be submitted to the British
parliament, to the United States 'senate,
and no doubt to be discussed in the
other parliaments is a secret treaty. .
, . ' e , e j . -. . .''
Freedom of the seas is not la the
treaty; to that clause the British gov
ernment made reservation before the
"14 poinU" -were accepted by. Germany
as a basis for the armistice. .Impartial
colonial adjustment is not in" the treaty,
tf by that Is meant the disposition of
the German - colonies. Of the 14 points
which the - Sun headline rriisses in. the
treaty IS are there to be found, To be
sure, other critics may. stakes exception
to points which the Sua concedes. - They
may say that the boundary as - drawn
for' Poland Is something more than i a
restoration ' of Poland that tha 'amount
of reparation assessed' against Germany
is excessive and Involves Germany's
economic "enslavement"; above all, that
tha exclusion of Germany ' from tha
league makes a mockery of the league
and of all chances of world appease
ment. In that way it Is not Impossible
to take the 14 "principles and demon
strata that, from the critic's knowledge
of the facta, every one of the 14 has
been violated. . '
a
Only It Is t be noticed that the sharp
est censure against tha treaty falls as
a rule agalnat those provisions which
are most general In character, those
which depend - on future contingencies.
and consequently those whose realiza
tion can come - only with time and
through the Instrumentality which the
treaty has created precisely for the pur
pose of adapting, tha work of permanent
peace to events as they develop ; anB
that Instrumentality is the League or
Nation a Tha representatives of the
British Labor party protest against
"any permanent denial to Germany of
an opportunity to become a mandatory
of the League of Nations." Where is
the basis for the "permanent" with re
gard to Germany and the League of Na
tions? The Inclusion of Germany and
Russia in the league is regarded as
Inevitable by every statesman of com
mon sense. Tha Labor party protests
against the "permanent separation of
the Saar basin from Germany." wnere
again is tha "permanent." unless you
have made up your mind in advance
that, the league is a sham put forward
by tha conquerors?
a a a
The full 14 points have not been re
alised in the peace conference ; but that
is because the work of reestablishing
fpeace must continue for years to come.
and to that end tne league has been
created. Tha league will ba a continua
tion of the conference. It will, in the
course of. time, bring ' into realization
conditions which cannot now be defin
itely laid down because the ground is
still too fluid, .because fears and ani
mosities are still too vivid, because in
many instances there are no facts to
build on. If Germany's conversion is
sincere she will come into the league.
If the burdens imposed on her in repara
tion are too heavy they will be reduced.
In the league is the answer to most
of the outcries against a treaty violative
of principles.
Letters From the People
Commanicationj test to Tha Journal for
publication in thia department iboold be written
on only one aide of the paper, ahoold not exceed
300 words in Jeecth. and must be sisned by the
writer, whose mail address in full must accom
pany the contribution. J
The Antidote for "Piracies'
Newberg, May 10. To the Editor of
The Journal I have read the article of
F. B. Wood entitled "Pirates and Pira
cies," which hits the nail on the head
as to cause and effect. The twin evils
of our time are extreme riches and ex
treme poverty. Both are demoralizing.
Mankind demands, and with hones ef
fort deserves, substantial comfort and
convenience. More than this tends to
evil, degeneracy and crime. Wealth is
not all happiness, but the right use of
wealth may prove a blessing atid will
add materially to the sum of human
happiness.
Poverty Is mora often a curse than a
blessing, though some would have us be
lieve it la only the latter. But those
who praise its virtues most are the last
to accept its hard conditions. Poverty
in its extreme form is narrowing, belit
tling, ambition-killing, an unmitigated
curse. There is little Joy in it, little
hope, and it often kills love In those
who might otherwise live happily to
gether. In Jesus allegory of the rich man and
Lazarus he did not condemn a man be
cause he was rich ; neither did he claim
it a virtus to.be poor. He realized that
it was greed that hardens men's hearts,
sears their conscience and makes them
oblivious to the wrongs of society and
the needs of the poor. These capitalists
gambling in food and man's necessities
are not necessarily bad men at heart.
They are simply the instruments of the
system of legalized robbery of the peo
ple, and, as Mr. Wood says, "the big
fish eat the little fish." I do not want
to believe that the rich inhabitants of
Fifth avenue, with their unearned mil
lions, reveling in monkey dinners, rep
resent the best that God would do with
the rich ; neither do I believe that the
grinding poverty of the alums is the
best that God would do with the poor.
A prominent minister in one of the
Eastern cities is quoted as saying that
our present system, industrial, political
and religious, is founded on a system
that is fundamentally wrong and anti
Christian, and the church of Jesus, the
spinners of our theories and the hard-
headed sons of business ought alike to
wage war on it until it is changed and
In harmony with the life, the teachings
and the spirit of Jesus Christ. And he
is right. Cooperation must replace com
petitive strife. Love and brotherhood
must supplant war, cruelty and hatred.
The weakest of humanity, mentally and
pnysicauy, must receive the tenderest
care that society can bestow, the same
as any well-regulated family tenderly
cares ior its weaaest members.
W. D. HONENS.
Declares Harden Not a German
Portland, May 13. -To the Editor of
The Journal Referring to your editorial
today, where you style Maximilian Har
den as "one of the greatest living Ger
mans," x would like to draw your at
tentlon to the fact that Harden is no
German at all. He Is a Polish Jew.
His name. Harden, is not his real name :
It is his pen name. Of course, he mas
ters the German language, but can
hardly represent the sentiment of the
German race. VERA BORG3TADT.
From a Lover of Song Birds
Stevenson. Wash., May 15. To the
Editor of The Journal I was greatly
pleased witn tne letter or A. O. Tates
in yesterday 'a Journal, as he aptly ex
presses facts that to me have been a
source of regret and wonderment. How
well 1 remember the joy of living when
the early morning hours were so filled
with the music of the woodland songsters-
Who. having once heard, can
forget the mockingbird on some moonlit
night, or the whippoorwill? 1 have lived
the greater portion of my life where
song birds aoouna ana where men,
women and children sang and whistled
in their homes, on the road or at work.
But my first attempt to sing and whistle
after I arrived here was my last, for
I did not care to be considered "a lit
tle off." as I found I should be If I
continued. By all means, let's have a
society, to transplant our sweet sing
ers to the Oregon country, including
Washington. If Mr. Yates will start
tha movement I am sure he will find
ample support. I, for one, will con
tribute as liberally as my ability per
mits. A. D. DAVISON.
The Journal's Agricultural Pages
Roseburr, May 9. To the Editor of
Tha Journal I have been particularly
interested lately in the Saturday edi
tion of The Journal, as the farm and
rural sections are as good as if not
better than tha majority of tne typical
farm Journals. C H. BAILEY.
Portland's Street Car System
Portland, May 13. To the Editor of
The Journal It is a shame that a beauti
ful city, located in a picturesque country,
as Portland -is. is so far behind the
times In so many things- Consider the
street car '.service. Valuable time is
wasted - when 1 people have - to make
change In the pay-as-you-enter system.
Your money falls on the floor, and you
can't find pennies, and you are blocking
the gangway. On the other hand, much
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE J -
Now it seems to ba the stylish young
men who have developed waist tinea,
, -, a , -a a . . ......
Anyway, tha boys who didn't get over
seas are on hand 'to welcome home the
ones who. did. - . .
.- e e a
By this time it Is probably beginning
to soak into even the Boche skull that
Germany lost the war.
a a a
Ruth Law has given up herattempt to
fly around the globe. Probably found
front-page competition too strong. .
a a a -
The renting of just the sort of a
modern comfortable little house you
want, close to the car line and every
thing", Is just as easy as falling off a
log, so long as you stay where' you are
and stick to the classified ad page.
a v
nid you ever," asks the Seattle P.-L
postscripts man, "look Into the next block
and see a business woman polishing her
nose with a piece of chamois skin?"
Whaddaya mean, "polish"? But we used
to peek over the top of the swinging
doors and see business men with one
foot on the rail.
MEN AND INSTITUTIONS OF THE
OREGON COUNTRY
By Fred
i I jfe la Alaska as it was in the first rear of
fold questint is illustrated today by Mr. Lonkley,
who continue the narrative of Saiauijl Hubbard,
who lived stories such as the Vest of the writers
of tales Alaskan were content enough merely to
record as they were, finding invention a quite un
necessary labor.
"The fall of 1897 found tie at St.
Michaels, Alaska," said Samuel Hub
bard, government director of surveys,
who was a Portland visitor recently.
"On December 4 three other chaps and
myself started on foot with a dog team
for the 675-mile hike to Dawson. I had
never used snowshoes ; I had never
driven a dog team ; there were no trails
nor roadhouses. We lived on the coun
try. We came across my cousin and his
party at Rampart City on February 11,
1898. Rex Beach was a member of my
cousin's party. Rex had gone up with
him on the Humboldt. Rex and I went
into partnership on a lay on 9 above
on the Little Minook. This was owned
by John McGraw, ex-governor of Wash- j
lngton. It was 80 feet to bedrock. W
had to cut down trees and burn them
to thaw out the ground so we could, dig
down to bedrock. I always look back
to that winter with peculiar pleasure. Rex
and I spent the winter together and I
found that he rang true. He was full of
fun and was the life of the camp. He was
a big, husky chap, always willing to
do more than his share of the work.
There was a most interesting old chap
named Bill Joyce, who had a claim next
to ours. He was an old buffalo bunle
from Texas, who had fought Indians,
prospected, been a packer and freighter,
and could talk Interestingly about his
frontier experiences. He used to come
to our cabin, and when we had got our
pipes going he would tell us about early
days in Texas. Rex used to say : "Well,
boys, we are .making history here, all
right, I wonder who will ba the Bret
Harte of this country. None of , us
dreamed that Rex himself would be the
historian who would tell tha story of
Alaska.
a a a
"As a matter of fact, when Rex came
back from Alaska he went into the brick
business. One time I picked up a
McClure's and saw a story entitled The
Invisible Mule. It was signed Rex
Beach. I instantly recognized It for
one of the stories old Bill Joyce had
told us. A little later I struck another
story called The Captain's Story.' This
also was a yarn that Bill Joyce had
spun to us. Some of our experiences up
there Rex has embodied in his book.
The Barrier.' and still others In his
Winds of Chance.
a a a
"After putting in a hard winter's work,
we cleaned up, getting but 1500 worth
of gold dust. We threw up the claim
in disgust- I spent two years at Ram
part and then went outside to spend
PANNING THE, AMERICAN x BARBER
By Bassett Digby
Special Correspondence of The Journal and The
StockhoUn, Sweden. "I aro glad that
I was able to get away from America
without having killed a barber," saya
C. J. Engstrom. the breezy correspond
ent of the Svenska Dagbladet, who was
one of tha party of Scandinavian news
paper men recently visiting the United
States as guests of the committea on
public Information.
"Over every fine American shaving
saloon this announcement could stand :
Time Is not money.' For time seems to
be of the least consequence, both to the
customer and the artists in shavery.
You will recollect that Mark Twain's
barber never Succeeded in finishing a
shave as ha was . distracted by every
thing happening in the room and on the
street outside. And he put i his finger
in the mouth of tha patient, a finger not
tha least of whose duties was the clean
ing of kerosene lamps. The smart
American barber concentrates, on the
contrary, all attention and energy on
the customer1 but matters go none the
quicker for that Ha is a tyrant who,
with tha firmest grip, unceasingly
twists and turns, jerks and, prods his
time is saved when people go right In
and are seated the conductor has plenty
of time to collect the fares en route.
Portland has cars of all qualities good,
bad and indifferent- But there are no
large cars hers whatever, and In most
of them people have to ride sideways,
and are compelled to bump and tum
ble over those near them. When the car
starts people are thrown almost to the
floor.
Another mistake tha street car com
pany made was when they put on the
old-fashioned, small, dinky tramway
cars operated by one man, which is very
dangerous. Every car needs a man at
each end for safety. And that isn't all ;
everybody is saying the business men
ought to open up and give men jobs.
But this one-man system throws a lot
of men out of work. The first time I
rode on the street cars in Portland I
could imagine I was on a i ship in a
rough sea, and got seasick. That was
due to the "Tact that the cars run on
narrow gauge. '
I have heard travelers from the East
remark when coming to Portland : "Oh.
what horrid, small cars they have here.
I thought this was a more: up-to-date
town." - - " .
Another danger ; Conductors will give
Olden Oregon
Modoc war Ends With Trial and Exe
cution ot Indian Leaders.
The Modoc war was ended In Jane,
1S73, when Captain Jack and his band,
which had held out for several months
In the lava beds In tha Tule Jake coun
try, were captured. The principals were
tried for tha murder of General Canby
and the Rev. Mr. Thomas. Seven were
convicted and sentenced to be hanged.
Four of these seven, Captain Jack. Scon
chin, Boston Charley and Black Jim,
were hanged at Fort Klamath. The
other three -were given : a respite and
placed on a reservation in Dakota, where
they wera kept under guard, rl
- . - -
NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
The violent exercise of pitching horse
shoes has started for the season at
Woodburn, the Independent says.
Concerted action ' against the grow
ing menace of the gsa&shopper in Klam
ath county is be iris urged, by Agricul
tural Agent K. 11 Flowers.
New fire equipment Just procured by
Pendleton Includes a scaling ladder good
for a third story job. and a hose nozzle
that makes basement fire fighting eas
ier. . -
... a a- : . , .
Canby's council is discussing tha pav
ing of Front, street, both as- a matter
of keeping the dust down and to effect
a diversion of automobile tourists from
the Pacific highway, which will be
paved through Canby south of the rail
way. . . .
With the growing membership of. the
Salem Commercial club and the in
fusion of new blood and the feeling
that all are welcome. It -is prophesied
by some enthusiastic members, the Cap
ital Journal says, "that the seating ca
pacity of tha auditorium will ba taxed
to the utmost at the coining meetings.
Lockley
the winter. In 1900 I was back in Nome.
Rex was there also. About the middle
of July I went into partnership with
Frank Joaquin, a Portuguese, Wa
bought a Peterboro canoe, put It aboard
the Mary E. Hume and sailed .for Bris
tol bay. They put us ashore at Good New
bay, at the mouth of the Kuskokwlm
river. We ran through the surf -with
out Peterboro and landed successfully.
A man named Lind was in charge of
the Alaska Commercial company's store
and Bethel mission. The Mary K. Hume
had brought in supplies and" .trading
goods. Lind had brought down from
the Bethel mission, which was 120 miles
up the river. 28 of the pick of the young
men of the tribe to help him take back
his goods. They were a splendid bunch
of natives. Before he could start back
with his goods an epidemic of grip hit
them and 20 of those 28 natives died of
it. My partners and I helped him take
the goods up the river. He had three
sloops and the eight remaining natives
with Lind, Frank Joaquin and myself
took them up to the trading post. Llnd'a
wife was with him. I helped make a
coffin for her out of rough hewn boards
and we buried her. Most of the natives
were buried in their blanketa It was a
gruesome business and a sight that
sticks in my memory, because when we
dug the shallow graves they Immedi
ately filled with water and we had to
weight the bodies down to keep them
from floating. During the summer of
1900 whole villages were swept away
by the grip epidemic.. We struck one
deserted native village where wa came
across 20 unburied bodies lying around
the village. In places we found where
the bodies had been dug up from the
Bhallow graves and partially eaten by
the foxes or dogs.
a a a
"I bought a half interest in Llnd'a
trading past. I traded for furs, buying
marten, mink, otter, red fox, cross fox
and occasionally a black fox. The
standard value there was a mink skin,
which was valued at 25 cents In trade,
usually a yard of calico. The trading
goods most in demand were gunpowder.
bar lead, tea, tobacco, calico, flour and
sugar. I bought 6000 muskrata at
cents per skin. I went in there broke,
bought an Interest in the business on
credit, and came out with f 1000. I sold
out and got a chance to work my pas
sage to San Francisco on the schooner
Pearl. I stood my trick 'at the wheel
all the way down. We had a very nar
row escape from being wrecked on the
Isle of God's Word, sometimes called
Boro Slovo. This Island appears and dis
appears. This is caused, it is said, by
the activity of a subterranean volcano.
The Pearl was a 125-foot schooner and
it took us 17 days to sail to San Fran
clsco."
wretched victim, who can never be left;
in peace ror a moment. He seems to
ieei mat ne is not sufficiently master
oi nis victim if he leaves him undls
turbed for a couple of seconds. He nips
one Dy tne nose, the cheeks, above all
tha lips, entirely without reason. In all
the 14 ' states we passed through he
amiably poked in his forefinger between
my Hps and gums in the right corner
or tne mouth, never the left. This
national and state preference for the
rignt corner of the mouth I never suc
ceeded in understanding. Perhaps it
had some mystical connection with the
war. The shaving wras accomplished.
and followed by an endless series of
applications of hot towels and rub
bings. even when one did not want to
nave race massage. It is very pleasant,
but wasteful time. But the American
public has unlimited time In barber sa
loons, which fact Is specially empha
sized by Baedeker. It sits there patient
ly ana trustruiiy, waits and
waits, first for the operation
to Degm ana men for it to finish.
never saw any impatience, thoughajnost
of the customers were young peoiWe who
seemed to have work to do somewhere."
topyrigni. by Chicago Daily News Co.)
the motorman the bell to go ahead oft,
times before all passengers are on board
and I have been pretty nearly thrown to
the ground' more than once, and have
seen many otners, ooth men and women.
uirown oown oecause tne car was start
ed before they could get well on.
There are many other little things I
mini mention. Any city tnat Wishes to
advertise and increase its population
should be up to date, and a good street
car system ana street cars are very es
ential. A. J. CLARK,
Yet There Are Those Who Seoff
From the New York World.
It has been estimated by the statis
tician or tne Massachusetts Institute
of Technology that the total cost of the
war to all the nations that took part in
it wm amount to 1200,000,000.000. And
the money cost, staggering sslt is. Is
small compared with the cost In human
lives and the sufferings - entailed on
millions whose lives it has wrecked.
And Vet there are many who scoff at
all attempts to prevent the .recurrence
of such a colossal world calamity, pos
sibly even on a greater scale. -
Small Stuff
From' tha Buffalo Enquirer
A lot of presidential timber just now
seems to have been picked out of the
hooppole class.
CuriousBits of Information
, For the Curious .
Gleaned From Curious Plaeas
In Carazan, a province to the north
east "of Tartary, the inhabitants have
a custom, writes a historian, when a
stranger of handsome shape and fine
features comes into their houses, of
killing him in, the night not out of de
sire of spoil or to eat his body, but
that the soul of such a comely person
might remain among them.
Ragtag nd Bobtail
Stories From Everywhere
Surely Ought to Know
' K. WHITEMAN, says' the colyumist
of the Philadelphia Public Ledger,
sends me another good story to add to
tha collection of innocent blunders made
by the unmusical: V ; . . ,
"In my early musical days we had an
horchestra In which one of the members
was a man equally wealthy and igno
rant, but always ready to express his
opinions.; One evening our Croesus was ,
In a company which had gathered to do
honor to Ola Bull, the celebrated violin
ist. The conversation turned on the
different kinds of wood required to
make a perfect violin. Ole Bull re
marked that as a violinist he was in a
position to know, whereupon Sir Oracle,
tlfe rich man, protested: 'Mr. Bull, I
think I'm the -one that ought to know: .
I've been in the lumber business SO
years !' '
In May time
I like to talk to Amos Jones;
He i a brainy man; ' ' V
But. when he eat enring onions. I .
Avoid him if I can. j
The onion 1 a modest plant
And called but humble fsre;
Dut he who eats the onion is
, . Distinguished anywhere.,
- They aay tha onion first wa grows
In Egypt on the Nile:
Perhaps tlist's why the Sphinx ha kept
" . Her mosasjhut all the while.
Chicago New.
Unrle Jeff Snow Says;
Boost In' fer free factory sites in Port
land's all right, but to git any land that
can ba used thataway, the town'U have
to move a few miles, and do it suddent.
'fore a lot of other Idle land 'spectators
gits next. A free factory site at 127 'V
times what the 'sessor flggered it was
worth last year ain't so very free. Some
body '11 foot the bill.
The News in Paragraphs
World Happenings Briefed for Benefit
of Journal Readers-
' GENERAL
One of the first measures to be In
troduced in congress ' next week In a
bill repealing , the war-time prohibition
law. . :- .
Half of his fortune, or 1750,000. was
contributed to the Methodist centenary
fund in New York Thursday' by ait
anonymous donor.
The navy department has decided to
exercise its authority under war emerg
ency legislation and requisition steel
for battleship construction.
Asking an increase in- wafres from
J2S to $35 a week. 3000 milk wagon
drivers haye gone on strike In Chicago,
virtually -shutting off the city's milk
supply. . i
Chief Of Police 3. Henry Neddermau
Of Oakland, Cal., has been Indicted by
the grand Jury charged with having ac
cepted thousands of dollars In bribes
from white and Chinese gamblers.
Formation of all American shipping
Interests on the Pacific coast, with the
exception of lumber carriers, into a ren-'
tral body, has been effected, with Robert
Dollar as head of the organization. .
Paul Rhoup was named president of
the Southern Pacific Railroad company
at a meeting of directors in San Fran
cisco Wednesday. William F, Herrin
was chosen president of the Central
Pacific.
- NORTHWEST NOTES
Work has begun on a new pipe line
from Canyon creek to increase the water
supply at Dallas.
. T11" Columbia River highway is now
open and in good condition ; between
Portland and Astoria.
Philip M. Hicks of Portland has been
secured to organize and Instruct a new
military band at Chehalls. ,
The first home-grown strawberries
were received ' from Milton this week
and are selling for $5. a crate.
It is proposed to spend 11.000,000 in
constructing -a paved highway between
Yakima and Grandvlew, Wash.
The 7R-acre ranch of L. C Harder
near Milton was sold at public sale a
few days ago to J. A. Lunsden for 166,
600. ' A contract has been let for a IlO.nno
business block to be erected by V. M.
Rudy on Seventh street in Klamath
Falls. - .
T. C. Stockwell. wireless operator, has
returned to his home In Dallas after an '
absence of several months- in nort'iern
Russia.
Twenty German helmets were award
ed to Victory loan subscribers at Che
halis. Lewis county's over-subscription
was $134,725.
lu'C Carroll, secretary of the Bend
Amateur Athletic club, has accepted a
position as district campaign, manager
for the Y. M. C. A.
The Elks at Med ford have purchase!
a 12-acre tract on Rogue river and will
have the only out inn club in the state
owned by the order.
The state highway commission will re
ceive bids on May 27 for the construe-
tion or 9.B miles ot tne Aicftiinnviii-
Forest Grove highway.
Building trade unions In Yakima are
organizing a building trades alliance
and intend to demand the establish
ment of the closed shop, a,
At their last meeting the Chehalls
city commissioners voted to raise the
salaries of the various city employes
from 35 to $10 a month each.
George O. Prltchett. a young mar
ried man of Philomath, while working
In a logging camp on Woods creek, was
struck by a. falling treo and killed.
D. A. Kurtz has begun the construc
tion in Salem of the first unit of what
will be the largest prune-drylng and
evaporating plant on the Pacific coast.
n. A. Booth of Eugene has lust re
ceived a bronze medal and diploma for
services rendered at the Panama-Pacific
exposition at San Francisco in
1915.
The 100. 000-volt transmission Una
built by the Intermountain Power com
pany from Long Lane, waan., to Taun
ton, has been completed. The cost was
$550,000.
Tleurr of the steamers West Hells-
and Meiwu Mam, loaded -with cargo for
Vladivostok, is threatened at Seattle un
less wharfage and handling charges are .
guaranteed before the vessels leave.
At a meeting of the Warrenton com
mercial club this week steps were taken
toward buying river frontage and im
proving It so that industrial Dlanta mav
locate thereon upon a rental basts.
The old fir door factory nlant at Oh-
halls is being remodeled and modern
ized for the manufacture of readvut ,
houses, orders for from 16 to 24 houses
being received each week from a large
Delegates from the organized dairy
men of Oregon and Washington will
meet in an all-day conference at Cheha
lis on May 24, with the object of co
ordinating the work of the leagues of
the two states.
Intelligent Savers Profit By
War Saving? Stamp
. Opportunity
( Stories of achievement in tha accumu
lation of War Mavings (Stamps, sent to The
Journal and accepted for publication, wiU
ba awarded a Thrift Stamp. J
Everybody wants to earn more in
order to buy more.
Nearly everybody can fcuy more
with his present earnings.
Wise spending and intelligent sav
ings are the answer, - -
Intelligent savers use Thrift and
W. S. 8. to hold on to their money
and to help Jt grow. By helping
themselves, they- help their govern
ment;.: . : - , .. ;-
Thrift KUmpa" a'U1 Vsr Rsvinis
Stamna now on salit' usual atencits.
u
s'f