THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL,"' PORTLAND; MONDAY, MAY g. ' 1919. Drastic Peace Needed HUNS LEFT MED E OF LONG CONFLICT Traveler Finds People Going About Daily Tasks as Though . Unmindful of Catastrophe. ACT AS IF IN STUPOR Masses Apparently Bewildered by Rapidly Succeeding Strikes, Revolts and Changes. BYsUDDEN HUG , i By Gordon Stiles 1 SmcUI Cabl to Th Jonrntl and Th Chkfo ' Daily Htm. -iCopyrlfht. 1919. bf Cttictsc DUy New Co London, May 5. At the end of four : months spent in Germany I feel Impelled to write a. short um- " mary of , the impressions which this sojourn s has left upon me. These are f quite definite. I have had an opportunity to study the course V. of events from one end of the coun try to, "the other and much that puzzled me at first is no clear in my mind, tvlien I ent to Berlin '.- In December I found the German ' people dazed. When I came -away last week I left them still dazed. v ln December that wU not, to be Wondered at. Their misfortune then was too new. They could have no perspective. BESET BT HETOLTS ThenNsame the Spartaeus - uprisings . and the presence of physical peril did its share in keeping: the German mind i occupied. The uncertainty which ac companied the struggle of the social ists in their efforts to form a govern ment Interfered with the calm consid- , eratlon of Germany's status. A govern- :: ment of sorts was established and close upon this accomplishment, which was a prodigious feat considering the dif ficulties attending it, came a general strike linked wtth further Spartaeus troubles. And through it all ran the threat of the armistice dickering, while the specter of hunger stalked every- . where. These things and others of a kindred r nature have been part and parcel of - Germany's history Bince the abdication of the kaissr. Thus having stood by and watched these events and having been able to observe the theoretical and emotional tendencies of the German 'peo- pie through this period, it would be im possible not to arrive at various . con ' elusions. The outstanding fact is that Germany does not know what has hap pened to her. The suddenness of her catastrophe left her stumbling about like a child in the dark. And thus far her frantic gropings have not enabled her to locate herself. She has been skidding since November and she is still skidding. CAUMITT NOT UNDERSTOOD In spite of the indication of absolute and i crushing defeat which are every where apparent to everybody except .: themselves, the Germans do not begin . -to realize what their experiment in mili tarism has cost them that what they have destroyed in four years ' cannot be ' rebuilt in a century, it at all. The first realization of it is coming prob - ably-next week when peace is concluded, when the military barriers are removed v and when they find themselves ready to .- move forward again as one of the na tions of the world. But what they MRS. BUNKER HAS GAINED 19 LBS., SHE SAYS Los Angeles Woman Suffered Twenty Years Before Taking Tanlac. "When I first began taking Tanlac," said Airs. Olive I Bunker of S611 Hoov er Street, Los Angeles, "I only weighed one hundred pounds and I now weigh one hundred and nineteen pounds, mak ing ; me an actual gain of nineteen pounds on five bottles. "I had suffered from stomach trouble for nearly twenty years,", she continued, "and could hardly eat anything without suffering from indigestion. I bad no appetite at all and would often go for three or four days at a time without - eating anything. I was troubled with constipation and was so nervous the least noise would excite me. I couldn't sleep at all well, my complexion was yellow like a pumpkin and I ' was so Weak and run-down that I couldn't do any of my housework at aM. - "I am certainly very grateful to the good people who told me about Tanlac , In the, papers for it has been a won derful thing for me. My apatite im proved with, my first bottft. I soon got so I could sleep better, enjoy good hearty meals and then I have been gaining in ' weight and strength right along. Tanlac baa done me much good that I recommend it to my friends very time I hear of one who X think needs it. My complexion is clear now and I think, a medicine that will do what Tanlac has for me, after suffer ing so long, deserves all the praise that can be, given- tt." x- : Here is another instance of the won - derf ul reconstructive powers of Tanlac. Mrs. Bunker is only one of many thou sands who have testified to using it with the same remarkable results. Tan . lac : proved of great benefit to her be cause it contains certain medicinal prop erties which enrich the blood and pro- . mote a healthy appetite for nourishing food. Tanlao has been Trery successful In overcoming nervousness and sleep lessness, not from a quietiag effect on the nerves, for it has no such effect, but by strengthening the nerves and body and bringing back the., normal state of health through Its effect .on the appe tite ana nutrition of the body. Tanlac is solS la Portland by the Owl Drug" Co. Adv. - . I WHERE GERMAN "REPUBLIC WAS BORN ,3 Scenes at Weimar. The upper photo shows the minister of war of Germany, Colonel Roinbardl and General.. MaeAer inspecting the guard f honor at the theatre In Weimar while the constituent assembly was ill session. -The lower $hot shows , delegates to the assembly leaving the Protestant church at Weimar fter "prayers were said for the future, of the new republic. t J: , - will 'have to go on with will not be what they expect. They will find in place" of their old efficient organisation a mass of military, financial and in dustrial wreckage. They will find a people whose morale has been reduced to an unbelievably shocking state. The national machinery will consist Of a miserable assortment of scraps of Cogs and pinions which do not fit and which will rasp and grind for years. , The national body to . Which they must look for guidance is weak and un stable. . I have not met " one . thinking man who believes that the present Ger man government is a government which, will procure for the nation any" sub stantial place among the powers of the world. It is not at all impossible that the political history of Germany since the armistice was signed will turn out to be the history of the ..downfall of socialism. DO OXI. AND WATX& Mill So far as the German experiment id concerned it ' has not been possible to mix the oil of conservatism and the water of radicalism into quasi social ism. The Weimar government is a Socialistio government which does , not dare to socialize. In fact the tendency since the day of its birth has been to swing to the right. That Is why the Independents are out for Philip Schefde mann's scalp. But I do not mean to go into the political aspects of the situation. 1 wish rather to give the best idea I can of this people with whom we are trying to make peace and from whom the entente expects to collect the most staggering Indemnity the world has known. The forni of the German gov ernment is of trifling importance com pared with the attitude of the great mass of the German people. When the terms ot peace are laid before the world the German public is going to wake up. And something very definite is going to hap pen over there. One of two things will be the outcome. Either the country will run . absolutely amuck or after a mild flurry will settle down and pay its buls with ah energy and determination which will surprise the whole world. The national fabric Is in a terrible condition.- The' very vitals . of the na tion have been sacrificed -to the god of war. I have only a feeling of amused pity for those "investigators' who have reported that Germany is not really starving and - that the industries are ready to spring forward with a bound the minute peace is concluded..: Both the American and British governments have had. some priceless incompetents j on ma jou coucciiais uui laiDrmauon. Thousands of Germans are starving: today. The food situation - is worse now than . It has ever been before. The shipments from - America and : England have not had time to take effect. Up to the time I left the only evidence the public had of the incoming food stuffs was the privilege of buying half a pound of flour a week per family. This flour( I understand,' is delivered in uermany at one mart izt cents) per pound, - but the ; consumer - pays two mams ana iv piennig (es cents or 150 per cent advance. It is so with all other items. The poor cannot pur- coase won. . - MACHINERY USELESS ; . as to the manufacturers, I leave it to any engineer ; to sav whether ma chinery which has been idle two or three rears for lack of materials is going to stand up to the Job,s ; especially when there has been no oil available -to pre vent, rust and corrosion. . I have ? been told that 60 per cent of the manufac turing machinery in 'Gessnany has be come practically worthless.- I have seen eviaence ; or . that . In the cotton mills, wnere irom s.uw.owi to 10,000,900 spin dles have been idle for years. - Those who are looking . to see Germany: walk out ana capture the world trade in 30 days or so should stop to consider that It would take at least two years, given all the necessary materials, for Ger to Rouse many to put her own internal affairs again on a normal. basis. Here are a few instances to illustrate what I mean. . Her. railroad rolling stock is In an appalling condition. The windows in the coaches are broken, the seats are upholstered with paper , and even the window" straps have been cut away for military use. In the hotels tablecloths are used for sheets while the tables are covered with paper. CLOTH IIC DEMAND It would take months for all the cot ton mills to turn out enough material to even partially relieve the dire need of the public for clothing. The boot and shoe makers must work day and night fo- about a year to keep pace with the demand for footwear. In the -country the farmers must be gin all Over again to accumulate herds of cettle and the possibility Of Ger many being able to export dairy pred ucts like butter, cheese and similar art icles, will be very vague for a long time to come. Soap, twine, drugs and scores of other commodities - must be supplied to the immense population. The pressing need of so many ordinary ne cessities of life at home Is such that Germany is not likely to be a danger ous competitor in foreign markets and- by the time she Is ready to go out for world trade on a large scale it will be the fault of the business men ' in other lands if they lose their commer cial grip. Germany Is about to be taught a bit ter lesson and the attitude of the Ger mans today causes me to feel that the lesson is deserved. For during my four months spent in traveling ; about the country I have never heard of one ex pression of regret for anything that Germany did during the war.. There is no doubt that in 1914 - the country was wild with enthusiasm over the toll they expected to collect from the other na tions. The scales will be brushed from the eyes of the Germans by what hap pens in Versailles in the Immediate future. - .. - . ; Bolshevists Flee On Siberian Front London, May ' B. Th Bolshavlnt fleeing; on the entire Siberian front, a news agency dispatch from Helsingfors says. - a central News dispatch says the Poles have occupied Pinsk. Sees More Naval Fights London, May 6. (L N. S.) "I would bet 1000 to 1 against the battle of Jut land being the last large naval engage ment," Admiral Beatty. commander of the grand fleet, told a representative of the Liverpool Echo. The reporter asked Sir David's opinion-"as a navy man and a sportsman," and not In htt official capacity, - J i Coughs and colds, sneezes and. sniffles quickly yield to ME analgi5siqje BENGUE; The : - relief is most gratifying and so re-r freshing. Get a tube Thee. Lecsuag ft Ce.. N. T, EMU Germa ns to a ' - ' 4t - . - 1 .4 K7 - -it '4 iff sfWr,j m " tit II . : " . 1 i i ( LS2 Freedom of Sea Rears' Its Head Again as Puzzle At Peace Table Delegates Wondering Whether Pact WillBe Signed With- out Actfon by Powers'. By Pasl Seott Mowrer Special Cble to The Journal and The Chicago Daily New. , - (CoPTricU, by Chicago Dally News Co.) The Daily News j Peace s Conference Bureau Farts, France, ""May t.--That old, International ghost, th.freedom-of the seas, is ' beginning to . walk again. People are asking whether the peace conferees 'Intend to close the negotia tions without having even discussed the subject. Freedom of the seas 'might mean many tilings, but in its American Interpretation it means the observation of sea laws -and the safeguarding of neutral rights In time of war. The allies in replying" to the Germans acceptance of the armistice on the basis of . the tH points made reservations ; re garding this particular point. Sometime during President "Wilson's visit to Eng land in December the matter was dis creetly dropped. One reason was that In view ; of England's unexpected sup port of our League of Nations project we felt disposed not to press an Issue unpleasant to England, but the principal reason was the supposition that with a League of. Nations there would be no war and even If a war should- break out there 'would: be no neutrals, and so no sea. laws for war time would be nec essary. This seemed to be a sound position at the time, but now that we know exactly what are the statutes of the League of Nations we find that, although there' is every disposition to: prevent- war,-' the possibility of war is openly, registered in the text." So long as this possibility ex ists there ts- danger of neutral rights at sea being . violated s by the belligerents, for not only does the league ; covenant not declare war against war but It gives no indication that In case of war many nations may not properly remain neu tral. , -i,..;;-. Such being the ' facts 'there Is appar ently - sound, reason for ; reviving the Question and : drafting" sea laws, as this Interests not only the. United States but England as 'well.' : Perhaps our states men are preserving,. this - point to be dealt with as one of the first functions of the League of Nations. Strike of Laborers In Kingston Ended Idngstpn.7 Jamaica; May The strike of the dock 'laborers is ended. - A depu tation . saw the- governor,' who advised the men to try to reach an agreement with the shipping; agents., A compro mise, was reached by which the- dock ers are to receive 13 cents an hour, and shlpworkers 14 cents,; with double pay for night work.', The - day counts " from 7 o'clock ; in ' ths morningvto 6 In ' the evening, with two hours for meals. . . Realizat ?pSn camp ieli great tales five Americans Who -Return by Way of Moscow Are Gaunt but .? Say They Are After Bolsheviks. FOOD LAWFUL CONCOCTION Tell American Mothers not to Fear for Boys in Russia, as Homesickness Worst Trouble. By Robert W. Ritcblo - London, May 5. Five soldiers of the 33d infantry, the first Ameri can prisoners from Russia, just ar rived here by way of Stockholm today,- gave a, - wonder tale of adven ture in the black heart of mad Rus sia. They are: Walter Houston, Mus kegon, Mich.; George Albers, Mus kegon, Mich.: Antone Vanls, Chica go; Haurltak Mike (naturalized Russian). Detroit, and William Schuite, Manistee, Mich. They wei six weeks en route from Moscow, where they had been Imprisoned, via Finland and Swe den. They left behind John Tripler, a itentueky mountaineer, who was lost in the crowd just as they en trained in Moscow: M. J. Arnold of Nebraska, a T. M. C. A. workey, who was released with them, -and' John Ryell of Ohio, another "Y" worker. THB.EE other tank pkisonebs Three other Americans remain pris oners in Moscow together with G French and English soldiers.- When in terviewed at the Kagle hut here the refugees wore Bolshevist caps and nondescript clothes. The latter were sup plied by the British consul at Helsing fors. Their faces were gaunt and lined with deep furrows from months of semi starvation. But they unanimously gave this cheerful pledge: "We are going back to get those Bol shevik! as soon as we get rested up and have a big feed." Before giving their story here I must convey a typical heart appeal very earnestly put to me by young Schuite : "Tell everybody's mother back home not to worry. Our boys in Russia, are doing fine. There is nothing the matter Ifcith them except homesickness." feeated In a-circle in an inner room of Your Laundry Done For The Less J.: C," EngHshVCo." Everything Electrical "'' 1 ' ' .148 Fifth St Between Morrison and Alder. Second Floor Phone Main 143 ion- of their Grimes, Says Expert the Kagle hut. their outlandish boots hanging on the rungs of the chairs, the boys spun breathless yarns about, their experiences. ranging; from .. digging graves at 2S rubles a day for persons that had Starved to death, to addressing a Socialist congress In s Petrogtad and visiting the . winter palace. Their nar ratives - were kaleidoscopic of weary marches in the bitterest cold, their comic , opera", imprisonment at Moscow, and wild junkets through the Bolshe vistic capital. By mutual consent. Al bers, a raw-boned lad who mixed Rus sian words with his Yankee speech, was appointed spokesman. Said he : - "X was captured on November 3, the others here were captured later. Schuite didn't get caught till last March 17. but we. all had the same experiences. None of us. I guess. Is ashamed of the way we got captUred-they got us fighting. CApf CRED AT SESTftT POST- ' Tn my case, a guy wearing a white nightgown crawled through the snow In on a moonlight night when I was on sentry, gun-butted me senseless and took me witlThim. When I came to I was being carried on a stretcher headed for Bolsheland. - . "The first thing they did when I got Into the Bolshevist camp was to swipe my fur coat, shoes and uniform. They gave nte a Bolshevist uniform, and then, with Some French and British prisoners, I started en a terrible hike of 800 versts Tmore than 150 miles) to Vologda. It was about 40 below zero. , "Otherwise we were having a hot tune. "It. was hell, pure and simple. We were fed a gruel, black bread and fish soup that would gag a hog. Of nights we slept in peasants huts alive with vermin. We couldn't talk to our cap tors, because they didn't know Kngllsh. But I laughed and kidded 'em and called 'em all the rugged names 1 couia think of. and they'd laugh and yell Amerlkal' FIRST AMERICA IT I2C MQSCOW From Vologda I was taken by train to Moscow, where I was locked up In the barracks, not a regular prison. I was the first American to get to Mos cow, but French and British fellows were with me, also Captain Wilson of the Royal Engineeers, Major Fraser, a British supply officer, and a Cana dian flying lieutenant I don't remem ber his name, but he was a regular prince. "For two months I was the only American there, then the rest of these boys and the T' workers drifted In. I nearly died of lonesomeness before they arrived. "All these boys suffered worse than hell in marching to the railroad because they were captured later When it was colder. Houston .was captured on No vember 29. He didn't get to the rail road until New Years and was all in." FEB KASHA AHD FISH 8O0F "How did they feed you?" Queried the correspondent. Then big Schuite bellowed : "Kasha!" ' All laughed and sang a song in queer Russo-English about black kasha and fish soup which "makes your belly stick." Then Albers resumed his tale: "We were all In bed when the first meal - was " served soup. Ood knows what's In It occasionally somebody would make a mistake and leave a bit Than Jn Wash Woman would "ldok at" your wash for only 5 cents. She would want a good price for her day's work even though the clothes were not washed clean. You would probably-have to pay her extra "car-fare money," And then you wouldn't know whtthef she would pot in an appear ance or not. If you eend your, trash out to the laundry there is consid erably more added to youfexpense. Your clothing is pretty sure to be mistreated, and wears out in almost Ape Electric Washer Has solved the laundry other homes It will The APEX will do a small family wash in 15 or 20 minutes at a cost of about 2 cents for electricity. It will do a big wash in an hour, or so, at a cost" of about 5 cents. Your clothes will be washed dean. No extra rubbing will be necessary. No wash woman or laundry ever' washed them cleaner. ' Think of it! Perfect satisfaction,-no work, and almost no expense. : Your clothes last as long as thty should in fact longer than when they were washed by the old wash-board way. GREAT WORK, you will say. . It is true, every word of it. Comein today, or any day this week; and let us, show you how perfectly the Apex does the work. VISIT OUR MODEL ELECTRIC LAUNDRY the only one in the West. Every afternoon this week our expert laundry demonstrator will be in attendance to show you how easy it is to do a washing of any si2 with this wonderful machine. ' THE SIMPLEX ELECTRIC IRONING MACHINE does your ironing in a fraction of the ' usual time. Also on display here. Sold on easy of meat in it. but is was mostly dried peas and punk fish. . XII never eat another fish as long as X ' live. HORSE PUT 13T SOUP The last two months they began put tine; horse In the, soup I know, because 1 found a horseshoe nail in mine. We got a pound of black bread daily. You had to soak it In soup to bite . it. "Imprisonment was m Joke. Rsch day we got passport permitting us to go anywhere we liked in ... Moscow, .but - we had to return by p., m. a. . v "The Bolshevists treated us fine. We never got a : rough word because we were Americans ; in fact, the: reds tried their est to make us comfortable. r We had as much as anybody to eat and they paid us 25 rubles when we worked." DANIELS SAYS LEAGUE OF NATION'S PACT IS WORLD MAGNA CHARTA Has No Sympathy With Ameri cans Who Fought Altruistic Purposes of U. S., London. May 5 .(I. N. S.) "The days of our Isolation when we shied at co operation wtth other nations have passed," declared Josephus Daniels, sec retary of the American navy, in a speech at the American club today. "I have no , sympathy with Ameri cans who. at the termination of the war, forgot the altrusistic causes and -are urging a return to the ideals of the days of sailing ships. "We entered the war Unreservedly. We must enter wholeheartedly into the task of winning the greater peace. A withdrawal now Would be comparable to withdrawal, at the height of battle, of our best regiments for some slight and unworthy reason." Mr. Daniels was the guest ot honor at a luncheon at the club. Secretary Daniels referred., to the League of Nations as the world's mag na charta, "In which militarists see no rainbow of promises across the sky." He continued : "Here and there a note of doubt is heard, but honest doubters become the ablest champions. The parallel between the adoption of the American constitu tion and the League of Nations cove nant Is perfect." Mr. Daniels then proposed "a pos terity tribute to the forward-looking statesmanship of President Wilson and former President William Howard Taft." $3125 Fpr Anzacs Who Take up Land Melbourne, May 6. -The Australian government, has assured the states of no time. problem for thousands of solve yours' just as easily. The APEX washes yoar clothes FECTLY without wear. Washes in about half the time ts made entirely ef metal (except wringer) wood to rot, warp, or splinter. No heavy, dirty cylinder to lift out No sour laundry odor. Springing wringer may be placed in any position. .. v These and many other point of APEX superiority will be dem dn - strated to you here at any time. ' - payments. WAR S BLIGHTING HAND STILL RESTS HEAVILY ON WAR-TORN FRANCE The Larks Even Are Silent; Trav eler Jinds Parties Working ' In the Villages. By Justus B. IT ood Spcll CbU to Th Jmrntel nd Th Ctifcafv - - Daily Num. (Cnpyrlsht. IB19. b ChicMo tHilr Nw 00 ; Coblens. Germany,- May 6. The blighting hand of war still rests heav ily on France. Full comprehension of the suffering, misery and destruction which the 'conflict entailed can. never be bet ter 'reached than by a. trip through the battle sones where a few montha ago the cannon were never stilled; where men tolled in the trenches by night an-1 fought by day and where -everything vibrated with strength and action. flow all is changed. The , silence Is unbroken even by the chirp of birds. The trenches ere filling up and the ruined villages add a gruesome feature to the denolation. There are no longer any trees, for even nature seems to be dead; All life is gone where hosts once tramped. I have Just completed a 1064 mile auto mobile trip along the Argonne-Meuse front where the Americanarmy did its best f iahtlnr. ' Coming from Germany, where the villages are undestroyed, the contrast is-all the more marked. It Is like stepping from a room full of life and aaletv into a death chamber, ex cept that the comparison Is magnified many times. Ruined villages, barren fields, forests of dead trees and graves marked with crosses follow each other In monotonous succession. During the days and nights when war's strident voice alone could be heard, these tilings passed with little notice. Now the per spective is changed and It strikes home with chilling force. In two of the villages X found signs of organised rehabilitation. In one the French committee for the immediate re habilitation of the devastated areas had Its sign on some newly built barracks, while a force of men were putting up more buildings. In another" place the committee formed to perpetuate war souvenirs had a gang of German pris oners restoring various picturesque dug outs formerly nsed by the Germans. Frequently groups of prisoners were seen in the fields rolling up barbed wire and filling in the trenches which scar this part of France. the commonwealth an advance of $3125 for every returned soldier they settle upon the land, and between. $160,000,000 and $200,000,000 for expenditures on pub lic works for the acquisition -of -land. In order to give employment to repatriated Ansacs. r- Dry slabwood and Inside wood, green stamps for - cash. Holman Fuel Co.. Main IBS J A-8S53: A-4955. Adv. Terms: $5 CasK Balance in Small Monthly Payments .: v required by other . ; w and linea PER- ii 4