H.'l
.THE OREGON, DAILY- JOURNAL. P QKTLANU, MONDAY, I AK1L 28.1.
I)
- l
eague of
ALL COUNTRIES THAT
' -
WAR AGAINST
OF LEAGUE;
Prevention of War First Object of ' Organization; All Treaties
-, Which Conflict With Provisions of Covenant Shall Be
Considered Null and Void From This Date.
Washington; April - 28. Important
change in the League of Nations cove
nant announced are as follows:
. ; Article I : - This article embodies part
. of the old article VIL It srpes into!
detail regarding the method -of admit
. . ting new members ' and provides for
. Withdrawal from theleague, wntch was
not mentioned, in the original covenant.
Article Us Originally a part of arti
cle 1. this gives the name of "assem
bly", to the representatives of member
' V nations, formerly designated as the
;."body of the delegates." ' '
, Article III: This Includes parts of
t the Old articles I. H and, III, with f.light
''alterations, and has reference to "mem
. ; hers of the league," instead of the "high
. contracting parties." This change is
f . evident throughout the draft.
PROVIDES FOR INCREASE
i Article III : This ; includes- parts of
the old article III outlining the struc
' , ture of the council is contained in this
ij article. It also. provides that the mem
J. bershtp of the council may be. Increased.
k .Article V : This is the same as the
: original article IV. -except that the first
iiar a graph require" .unanimous agree-
ment in both council and assembly, ex
' cept where otherwise provided.
Article VI : This Is a substitute for
the old article V. In the replaced arti
.;'cJe the council was to appoint the first
. ' secretary general, md approval of a
' majority of the assembly was not re
quired for appointment of his succes
,' sors. .
. CJEKEVA LEAGUE SEAT
Article VII : Geneva is specifically
named as the seat of the league, with
" the council given the right to change it
? at any given time. There Is also a
paragraph permitting women to hold
, , positions In the league. This article
. embodies parts of the old articles V
.,, and VI. - . ;
Article VIII: While' this article was
largely covered by the original article
VII, it has been changed to make plain
i that reduction of - armament -must be
approved by the nations affected.
- Article IX i This article is . substan
tially the same as the original. -
Article X: Virtually no-change has
been made from he old article. -
PHRASEOLOGY CHANGED
' Article XI: The phrase "the league
shall take any action" originally read
"the high contracting i. parties, reserve
the right to fake, any action." '
, Article XII Practically no change
i" has been, made In' this article,
t , Article XIII : The wording has been
sllahtly changed. " C ? : " ."' :
' I Article XIX : - Provision for the -court
to give an advisory opinion on anydls
fj puts is new. ,. - ' ' ' . -
'; . Article XV t New provision has been
, . made for excluding domestic matters
from the jurisdiction or the council.
REMOVAL PRtfVIDED FOB
Article XVI : Provision la made for
removing from the league any member
which has violated the covenant.
Article XVII:'. Practically unchanged.
V Article XVIII : This was formerly ar-
1 tlcle XXIII..
& Article XIX: - Practically the same as
- the old article XXIV. , ,
f Article XX: Practically the same as
the old article XXV.
Article XXI. This article, recognising
5: the Monroe doctrine. Is new.
Article XXII: This Is only tllghtly
;j; changed from the old article XIX pro
vtdtng only that nations must be willing
; f to accept the mandatories designed for
! them. .:,'v
RED CROSS RECOGNIZER
Article XXIII : Reference to super
vision of traffic In -women and children
nun blooded
PEOPLE OFTEN
CHILL EASILY
Other Symptoms of Anemia
. Are Indigestion, Ex
; . haustioh, Sleepless
ness and Pallor.
.When the blood has become weak
and thin as a result of overwork, worry,
sickness or severe cold, the victim finds
that it Is Impossible to keep comfortably
warm. . On these spring days when
others are wearing lighter clothing they
fall to get any comfort from the warm
SUn.--. ; .".... v.:.
- This Is a condition common in cases
of anemia and It cannot be corrected
until the blood has been enriched with
a tonic. The anemic person finds work
exhausting, he lacks appetite and ambi
tion, and sleep, which is generally
broken, fails, to give rest and refresh
ment. "'.V- .... ;:-;: ;
The value of the selection of the right
tonlo -In cases of this kind Is Illustrated
In the experience of Mr. Willis Hymer.
of No. 1024 Chandler street, Danville. 111.
He says: ,
"My blood became so weak nd thlit
that I became badly run down in health
and had little strength for my--work.
I was forced frequently to quit work for
days at a time. I had pains in my
back and head and suffered from chills.
My appetite was poor and after eating
I was troubled with i gas. I couldn't
sleep well and generally rose in . the
morning dead tired. , -----'
"One day I saw Dr. Williams' ,pfnk'
rills mentioned In a newspaper and I
procured: a boxvr I began - to improve
almost at once and continued taking the
remedy until . I ' had - regained my
strength.' I no longer loee any time at
my work . and - I . eat heartily - without
suffering any after effects. I feel bet
ter than I have for many months and
lia ve told my friends What Dr. Wil
liams' Pink Pills did for me."r rt
Dr. Williamsr Pink Pills are "sold by
all druggists, or .direct from the Dr.
AViiHams Medicine ; Co., Schenectady,
X. Y., at 50 cents per box. six boxes for
2 50. Write for a free copy of the
' oklct, -BuUding Up the Blood," Adv.
Nations
JOINED IN
GERMANY MEMBERS
NEUTRA
LS INVITED
and In drugs is entirely new as in the
preceding clause referring to treatment
of natives. It contains portions of the
old articles XVIII and XXX and is a
: substitution for the original article XXL
Article XXIV : Practically the same
as the old article XXII.
Article XXV: Recognition of the Red
Crosa is new. .
Article XXVI : A change is made
from "the original In that amendments
may be made by a "majority" vote in
stead of a three-fourths vote, as before.
. Annex: The annex, containing a list
of the charter, members and the nations
to be invited to join at once. Is new.
The text follows, with parenthetical
Insertions showing chanees made in the
covenant as originally drafted and made
pumic:
The covenant of the League of Na
tions : -
Iij order to promote international co
operation and to achieve International
peace and security, by the acceptance of
oougauons not to resort to war ; by the
prescription of open, just and honorable
relations between nations, by the firm
establishment of the underatandinrit of
international law as to actual rule of
conduct among governments, and by the
maintenance or justice and a scrupulous
respect for all treaty obligations in th
dealings, of organized peoples with one
another, the high contracting parties
agree to this covenant' of the League of
r a lions.
In the original preamble the last sen
tence read: "Adopt this constitution."
instead of "agree to this covenant.1")
SEED GUARANTEE OF SINCERITY
Article L The original members of
me jueague or Nations shall be those of
the signatories which are named in the
annex to this covenant and also such of
those other states named in the annex as
shall accede without reservation to this
covenant. Such accessions shall be ef
fected by a declaration deposited with
the secretariat within two months of the
coming into force of the covenant. No
tice thereof shall be sent to all other
members of tfce league.
Any iuiiy sen-governing state, domin
ion, or colony not named in the annex
may become a member of the league if
Its admission is agreed to by two thirds
of the assembly, provided that it shall
give effective guarantees of its sincere
intention to observe its international ob
ligations and shall. acccept such regula
tions as may be prescribed by the league
In regard to its military and naval forces
and armaments. . --
Any member of the league may, after
two years notice of its intention bo to
do, withdraw from the league, provided
that all its international obligations and
all its obligations under this covenant
shall have been fulfilled at the time of
Its withdrawal.
WITHDRAWAL PROVIDED FOR
; (This article Is new, . embodying with
alterations and additions the old article
seven. It provides more specifically the
method of admitting new members and
adds the entirely new paragraph provid
ing for withdrawal from the league. No
mention of withdrawal was made in the
original document.)
Article 2. The action of the league
under this covenant shall be effective
through the instrumentality , of an as
sembly and of a council, with permanent
secretariat. . m
(Originally this was a part of Article
1. It -gives the name assembly to the
gathering of representatives of the
members of the league, formerly re
ferred to merely as "the body of dele
gates.") Article 3. The assembly shall consist
of representatives of the members of the
league.
The assembly shall meet at stated In
tervals anrl frnm Hmil tn n -
, - - " ' wilt, an V l
ision may require, at the seat of the
league, or at any such other place as
may be decided upon. ,
ONE VOTE TO EACH MEMBER
The assembly may deal at its meet
ings with any matter within the sphere
of action of the league or affecting the
peace of the world.
At meetings of the assembly, each
member of the league shall have one
vote, and may have not more than three
representatives.
(This embodies parts of the original
Articles 1 2 and t, with only minor
changes. It refers to "members of the
league where the term "high contract
P;"tl" , originally was used, and
revised "draft) ,ollowed throughout the
-JSrtic,e. 4;, The council shall consist of
representatives of the United States of
AmerJca. of the British empire, of
France, of Italy and of Japan, together
with representatives of four other mem
Dera or tn inn cm .
tof the league shall be selected by the
assemhlv frnm tlm i Jzt , .
- - win, w tiffin in its ais-
lJPn- , Until the appointment of the
.i. ' i " ul lno rour members of
he league first selected by the assem
bly. reDrMtitalv .
Members of the council. -
ALL MAY BE REPRESENTED
With thM innmval f 4V. i -
ii.f"!mbJy- fh council may name
Y i e league whose
LIZL i .Zr ' waysr De mem
bers Of thtt . .Almnll .Wo 1 1 . .
l ------ , Luuncii Wlin
Lf mSSaLnISy crease the number
k members of the league to be selected
EhVcouncilT representauon on
l --- ------- "'"i ii uin , time to
time as occasion may require and at
, -D- a. jrr, i me seat of th
Tm " such other P,ace may
be decided upon. '
ofrthteh6wortre P 4
Any member of the league not repre
sented on the council shall be invited
La " uictmg : ui (no council
during the consideration . of matters
m,,ailyafJtct,,n8r tne interesu of toat
member of the league "v
LL'fynK- ?' n". &ch
fK- 18w represented on
i? tn51i "hall have one vote, and
Uve " more man one representa-
inoi o.ni -, 5 Ra" or me orig-
mamrJL,ci? Z: ""E. the originll
ni-r.vTiW. r . . n paragraph
l??nJi for 'ncrease In the member
ship of the council in n . """""f
VOTE MUST BE UNANIMOUS
I Article 6. Except where otherwise ex-
-, - . - i wis vuvenuic oe-
SL25,i? fSu??J h5 Ah agre
r.rAt2i" M league
. . . . " mceiing. ... -i
Lf88emb,7 ora0f th councfl and the
SESS-SVfli committees to investigate
Tirl " uiwre onaii oe regulated by
t ?5SbLy y the council and may
9 the. league represented t the mee:-
neeUng or the assembly and
summoned by the president of the United
rva tea. vi AiuerieH. . - - .
iThe first paragraph requiring unan
imous -agreement in both-assembly and
council, except where- otherwise ; pro
vided, la new. . The other - two para
graphs originally were Included. In arti
cle 4. ) - :. , r r , - v
t Article a. rVtim - v- MMMtnii
shall be established at the seat of the
Covenant
in
league.- The secretariat shall comprise
a secretary general and such secretaries
ana start as may be required.
' The first - secretary general 'shall be
the person , named in the annex ; there
after the secretary general- shall be ap
pointed by the council with the approval
of the majority of the assembly.
WOMEN ABE RECOGNIZED ;
s The secretaries and the staff of the
secretariat shall.be appointed by the sec
retary general with the approval of the
council. .. -..
The secretary general shall act in that
capacity at all meetings of the assembly
and the council.
The expenses of the secretariat' ahall
be borne by the members of the league
in accordance with the apportionment of
expenses of the international bureau of
the Universal Postal union.
(This replaces the original article 6.
In the original, the appointment of the
first secretary general was left to the
council, and approval of the majority
of the assembly was not required for
subsequent appointments.)
Article 7. The seat of ' the league is
established at Geneva. f
The council may at any time decide
that the seat of the league shall be
established elsewhere.
All positions under, or In connection
with 'the league, including the secre
tariat, shall be open equally to men and
women. .
Representatives of 'the members of
the league and officials of the league
when engaged on the business of the
league shall enjoy diplomatic privileges
and immunities.
LEAGUE PROPERTY INVIOLABLE
Tne buildings and other property ot
cupied by the league, or its officials or
by representatives attending its meet
ings' shall be Inviolable.
(Embodying parts of the old articles
5 and 6, this article names Geneva in
stead of leaving the seat of the league
to be chosen later and adds the pro
vision for changing- the seat in the' fu
ture. The paragraph opening positions
to women equally with men is new.)
Article 8. The members of the league
recognize that the maintenance of peace
requires the reduction of national ar
maments to the lowest point consistent
with national safety and the enforce
ment by common action of international
obligations.
The council, taking account of the
geographical situation and circum
stances of each state, shall formulate
plans for such reduction for the con
sideration and action of the several gov
ernments. Such, plans shall be subject to recon
sideration and revision at least every 10
years.
After these plans shall have been
adopted by the several governments,
limits of armaments therein fixed shall
not be exceeded without the concur
rence of the council.
PUBLICITY FOR ARMAMENTS
The members of the league agree that
the manufacture by private enterprise
of munitions and implements of war is
open to grave objections. The council
shall advise how the evil effects at
tendant upon such manufacture can be
prevented, due regard being had for the
necessities of those members of the
league which are not able to manu
facture the munitions and Implements
of war necessary for their safety.
The members of the league under take
to interchange lull ana rranK mrorma
tion as to the scale of their armaments,
their military and naval programs and
and the conditions of such of their in
dustries as are ' adaptable to warlike
purposes.
(This covers the ground of the orig
inal article 8, but is rewritten to make
it clearer that armament reduct'on plans
must be adopted by the nations af
fected before they become effective.)
Article 9. A permanent commission
shall be constituted to advise the council
on the execution of the provisions of
articles 1 and 8 and on military and
naval questions generally.
(Unchanged, except for the insertion
of the words "article one.")
Article 10. The members of the league
undertake ' to res peat and preserve as
against external aggression the terri
torial integrity and existing political In
dependence of all members of the
league. In case of any such aggression
or in case of any threat or danger of
such aggression, the council shall advise
upon the means by which this obligation
shall be fulfilled.
(Virtually unchanged.)
WAR OF CONCERN TO ALL
Article 11. Any war or threat of war,
whether immediately affecting any of
the members of the league or not, is
hereby declared a matter of concern to
the whole league and the league shall
take any - action that may be deemed
wise and effectual to safeguard the
peace of nations. In case any such
emergency should arise, the secretary
general shall, on the request of any
member of the league, forthwith sum
mon a meeting of the council.
It is also declared to be the funda
mental right of each member of the
league to bring to the attention of the
assembly or of the council any circum
stance whatever affecting international
relations which threatens to disturb
either the peace or the good understand
ing between nations upon which peace
depends.
(in the original it was provided that
the "high contracting parties reserve
tha right to take any action," etc, where
th3 revised draft reads "the league shall
take any actioiy" etc:)
Article 12. ,Tm members of -the league
agree that ifthere should arise between
them any dispute likely to lead to a run
ture. they will submit the matter either
to arbitration or to inquiry by the coun
cil, and they agree in no case to resort to
war until three months after the award
bv the arbitrators or the report by the
council.
In any case under this article the
award of the arbitrators shall be made
within a reasonable time and the re
port of the council shall be made within
six months after the submission of the
dispute. .
- (Virtually unchanged, except that
some provisions of the original are ellm-J
inated for inclusion in other articles.)
Article 13. The members of the league
agree that whenever any dispute shall
arise between them which they recognise
to be suitable for submission to arbi
tration and which cannot be satisfactor
ily settled by "diplomacy, they will sub
mit the whole subject matter to arbi
tration. Disputes as td the interpreta
tion of a treaty, as to any question of
international law, as to the existence of
any fact which, if established, would
constitute a breach of any international
obligation, or as to the extent and na
ture of the reparation to be made for
any such breach, are . declared to be
among those which are generally suit
able for submission to arbitration. For
the consideration of any .such dispute
the court of arbitration to which the
case is referred shall be the court aorreed
on by the parties to the dispute or stipu-
ittivtK in aii mnvenuun eJktauiig uciw ten
them.
Tht members of the league agree that
they will carry out in full -good faith
any. award that may be rendered and
that they will not resort to war against
a member of the league which -complies
therewith. - In the event of any failure
to; carry out such an award the coiftcll
shall, propose., what steps should be
taken : to give ffect ; thereto; . , ;
PFRMANENT COURT OF JUSTICE
- (Only minor changes in language.)
-Article 14. The council '.shall iormu
lateand ubmit to the members of the
league, for adoption plans for the estab
lishment of a permanent court of inter
national tustiee. . The .court ahall - be
competent.,- to hear and determine dis
putes or an - international character
which the parties tnereto submit to is.
Tha court may also rive an advisory
opinion upon any dispute or question re-
rerrea to it ty tn council or tr tne as
sembly. - ' . '
s (Unchanged." except for the addition of
tfUr last sentence.)- '
n Article 15. If there should arise be
tween members t the league, any dis
pute likely to lead 'to a rupture, which
Is not submitted to arbitration as above,
the members of the league agree that
they will submit the matter to -the coun
cil. Any party Ito the dispute may ef.
rect such submission -by givng- notice. of
the existence of dispXita to- the secretary
general, who 'will make air necessary ar
rangements for a, full Investigation and
consideration - thereof. For this purpose
tne parties to the dispute will communi
Its Revised
cate to the secretary-general, as prompt
ly as possible, statements of their "case,
all the relevant facts and papers ; the
council may. forthwith direct the pub
lication thereof.,:
PUBLICITY PROVIDED FOB ;
The council shall endeavor to effect a
Settlement of any 'dispute and if such
efforts 'are successful a statement shall
be made public giving such facts and
explanations regarding the dispute and
terms of settlement thereof as the coun
cil may deem appropriate.
If the dispute Is not thus settled, the
council, either unanimously or by a ma
jority vote, shall make and publish a
report containing a statement of the
facta of the dispute and the recommen-
aauons which , are deemed just and
proper, in regard thereto.
Any member of the league represented
on .the council may make public a state
ment of the facts -of the dispute and of
its conclusions regarding the" same.
If a" report by the council is unani
mously agreed to by the members there
of, other than the representatives of one
or more of " the parties to the dispute,
the . members of the league agree that
they will not go to war with any party
to the dispute which complies with the
recommendations of the report.; t
If the counc.ll f afls to reach - a re
port wrhich is unanimously agreed to by
tfie members thereof, other than the rep
resentatives of one or more of the par
ties to the dispute, the members of the
league reserve to themselves the right to
take such action as they shall consider
necessary for the maintenance of right
and justice.
HANDS OFF DOMESTIC ISSUES
If a dispute between the parties is
claimed by one of them and is found
by the council to arise out of a matter
which by international law Is solely
within the domestic jurisdiction of that
party, the council shall o report 'and
shall make jio recommendation as to its
settlement.
- The council may in any case under
this article refer the dispute to the
assembly. The dispute shall be so re
ferred at the request of either party to
the dispute, provided that such request
be made within 14 days after the sub
mission of the dispute to the council.
In any case referred to the assembly,
all the provisions of this article and of
article 12 relating to the action and
powers of the cbuncit shall apply to the
action and powers of the assembly, pro
vided that a report made by the assem
bly, if concurred in by the representa
tives of those members of the league
represented on the council and a ma
jority of the other members of ' the
league, exclusive in each case of the
representatives of the parties to the
dispute; shall have the same force as a
report by the council concurred In by
all the members thereof other than the
representatives of one or more of the
parties to the dispute.
(The paragraph specifically excluding
matters of "domestic jurisdiction from
action by the council is new. In the
last sentence the words, "if concurred
in by the representatives of those mem
bers of the league represented on the
council," etc, have been added.)
INFRACTIONS ARE PENALIZED
Article 16. Should any member of
the league resort to war in disregard
of its covenants under articles 12,. 13 or
15. it shall ipso facto be deemed to have
committed an act of war against all
other members of the league, which
hereby undertake immediately to sub
ject it to the severance of all trade or
financial relations, the prohibition of
all intercourse between their nationals
and the nationals of the covenant
breaking state and the prevention of
all financial, commercial or personal In
tercourse between , the nationals of the
covenant-breaking member of the league
and the nationals of any other state,
whether a member of the league or not.
It shall be the duty of the council
in ' such case to recommend to the sev
eral governments concerned what effec
tive military or naval forces the mem
bers of the league shall severally con
tribute to the armaments of forces to
be used to protect the covenants of the
league. The members of the league
agree further that they will mutually
support one another in the financial and
economic measures which are taken un
der this article, in order to minimize
the loss and inconvenience resulting
from the above measures and that they
will mutually support one another in
resisting any special measures aimed at
one of their number by the covenant
breaking state, and that they will take
the necessary steps to afford - passage
through their territory to the forces of
any of the members of the league which
are cooperating to protect the covenants
of the league.
MAY EXPEL MEMBERS
Any member of the league which Jias
violated any covenant of the league
may be declared to be no longer -a
member of the league bji a vote of the
council, concurred in by the represen
tatives of all fhe other members of the
league reprettented thereon.
(Unchanged except for the addition
of the last sentence.)
Article 17.- In the event of a dispute
between a member of the league and a
state which is not a member of the
league, or between states not members
of the league, the state or states not
members, or the league shall be invited
to accept the obligations of membership
in the league for the purposes of such
dispute, upon sucn conaiuons as tne
council may deem just. If such invita
tion is accepted, the provisions of arti
cles 12 to 16, inclusive, shall be applied
with such modifications as tjnay be
deemed necessary by the council.
Upon such invitations being given,
the council shall immediately institute
an inquiry into the circumstances of the
dispute and recommend - such action as
may seem best and most effectual In the
circumstances.
If a state so invited shall refuse to
accept the obligations of membership
in the league for the purposes of such
dispute, and shall resort to war against
a member Of the league, the provisions
of article . 16 - shall be applicable as
agaihst the state taking such action.
MUST REGISTER TREATIES
If both parties to the "dispute, when
so invited, refuse to accept the obliga
tions of membership In the league for
the purposes of such dispute, the coun
cil may take- such measures and make
such recommendations as will prevent
hostilities aad will result in the settle
ment of the dispute.
(Virtually unchanged.)
Article 18. Every convention of In
ternational engagement ' entered Into
henceforward by any member of the
league - shall be forthwith registered
with the secretariat and shall as soon
as possible be published by it. No such
treaty or international engagement shall
be binding until so registered.
- (Same as original article 23.)
- Article 19. The assembly mays' from
time to time advise the reconsideration
by members of the league of treaties
which have become inapplicable and the
consideration of international conditions
whose continuance might endanger the
peace of the world.
(Virtually the same as, original-' ar
ticle 24.) V -
Article 20. The members of the league
severally agree that this covenant Is ac
cepted as abrpgating all obligations or
understandings inter se which are incon
sistent with the terms thereof, and sol
emnly .undertake that they will not here
after enter into any engagements Incon
sistent -with the terms thereof.
MONROE DOCTRINE SECURE
: In case a member-of the league shalL
before becoming a member of the league
have undertaken any obligations incon
sistent with the terms of this covenant,
it shall be the duty of such member to
take immediate, steps to procure its re
lease from such obligations.
- (Virtually, the same as original article
25.)
Article 2L Nothing Inf this covenant
shall be deemed to affect the validity-of
international engagements, such as trea
ties of -arbitration or regional under
standings like the Monroe doctrine for
securing, the maintenance of peace.
(Entirely new.) -----. - - -. .
Article 22. To those colonies and terri
tories which as a consequence -of the late
war have ceased to be under the sover
eignty of the states which formerly gov
erned them, and which are inhabited by
peoples not yet able to stand by them
selves under the strenuous conditions of
the modern world, there . should be ap
fornix and
plied the principle that ' the well being
and development of such peoples form a
sacred trust of civilization and that se
curities for the performance of this trust
should be embodied in this covenant. -
The best method of giving practicable
effect to this principle Is that the tutelage
of such peoples be entrusted to advanced
nations who, by reasons of their re
sources, their experience or their geo
graphical position, can best undertake
this responsibility and. who are willing
to accept it and that this tutelage should
be exercised by them as mandatories ori
behalf of the league.
SELF GOVERNMENT IS AIM
The character of the mandate - must
differ according to the stage jof develop
ment of the peoples, the geographical
stuatlon of the territory, its economic
condition and other similar circum
stances, - , . ,n
Certain communities formerly belong
ing to the Turkish empire have reached
a stage of development, where their ex
istence as independent nations can oe
provisionally recognized subject to the
rendering of administrative advice and
assistance by a mandatory until such
time as they are able to stand alone. The
wishes of these communities must be a
principal consideration in the selection
of mandatory. Other peoples,- especially
those of Central Africa, are at such a
stage that the mandatory must be re
sponsible for the administration of ter
ritory until conditions which will guar
antee freedom of conscience or religion,
subject only to the maintenance of public
order and morals, the prohibition of
abuses such as the slave trade, the
arms traffic and the liquor traffic and
the prevention of the establishment of
fortifications or military training of the
nations for other than police purposes
and the defense of territory, will also
secure equal opportunities for the trade
and commerce of other members of the
league.
There are territories, such as South
west Africa and certain of the South Pa
cific Islands, which, owing to the
sparseness of their population or their
small size or their remotenes from the
centers tof civilization or their geograph
ical contiguity to the territory of the
mandatory and other circumstances, can
be best administered under the laws of
the mandatory as Integral portions of
its territory subject to the. safeguards
above mentioned in the interest of the
indigenous population. In. every case of
mandate, the mandatory, shall render to
the council an annual report in reference
to the territory committed to its charge.
AUTHORITY IS DEFINED
The degree of authority, control, or
adruinist.ra.uon to be exercised by the
mandatory shall, if not previously agreed
upon by the members of the league, be
explicitly aefined in each case tiy the
council.
A permanent commission shall be con
stituted to receive and txamlrm the -annual
reports of the manuatories and ad
vise the council on ail matters relating
to the observance of the mandates.
(Tnis is tne original article lit, vir
tually, except for tne insertion of tne
v. eras "ana who are willing to accept" in
describing nations to be given manda
tories.) Article 23. Subject to and in accord
ance with the provisions of international
conventions existing or hereafter to be
agreed upon Uie members ot the league
(a) will endeavor to secure and maintain
fair and humane conditions of labor for
men, women and children both in their
own countries and in all countries to
which their commercial and industrial
relations extend,' and for that purpose
will establish and maintain ' the neces
sary International organizations ; (b)
undertake, to secure just treatment of
the native inhabitants of territories un
der their control ; (c) will entrust the
league with the general supervision over
the execution of agreements with regard
to the traffic in women and children, and
the traffic in opium and other dangerous
drugs; (d) will entrust the league with
the general supervision of the trade in
arms and ammunition with the countries
in which the control of this traffic is
necessary in the common interest ; (e)
will make provision to secure and main
tain freedom of communication and of
transit and equitable treatment for the
commerce of all members of the league-
lb' this -connection the special necessities
of the regions devastated during the war
of 1914-1918 shall be tn mind; r win
endeavor to take steps in matters of in
ternational concern for the prevention
and control of disease.
(This replaces the original article 20
and embodies parts of the original ar
ticles 18 and 21. It eliminates a specific
provision formerly made for a bureau of
labor and adds the clauses (b) and .(c).)
LEAGUE RULES OYER BUREAUS
Article 24. There shall be placed un
der the direction of the league all inter
national bureaus already established by
general treaties if the parties to such
treaties consent. All such international
bureaus and ail commissions for the reg
ulation of matters of international in
terest hereafter constituted shall be
placed under the direction of the league.
In all matters of international inter-
est-which are regulated by general con
ventions, but which are not placed under
the control of international bureaus or
commissions, the secretariat of the
league shall be subject to the consent of
the council and lr desired oy tne parties,
collect and distribute all relevant In
formation and shall render any other as
sistance which may be necessary or de
sirable. The council may Include as part of
the expenses of the secretariat the ex
penses of any bureau or commission
which is placed under the direction of
tne league.
(Same as article 22 in the original.
with the matter after the first two
sentences 'added.)
Article 25. The members of the league
agree to -encourage and promote the
establishment and cooperation of duly
authorised voluntary national Ked
Cross organizations having as purposes
improvement of health, the prevention
of disease and the mitigation of suf-
lertng throughout the world.
(Entirely new.)
MEMBERS ARE LISTED ,
Article 26. Amendments to this cove
nant will take effect when ratified by
the members of the league whose rep
resentatives compose the council and
by a majority of the members of the
league whose representatives compose
the assembly.
No such amendments shall bind any
member of the league which signifies Its
dissent therefrom, but in that case it
shall cease to be a member of the
league.
- (Same as the original, except that a
majority of the league instead of three
fourths Is required for ratification of
amendments, with the ' last sentence
added.)
Annex to the covenant: I. Original
members of the League of Nations.
, Signatories of the treaty of peace.
United States of America. Belgium,
Bolivia. Brazil, British Empire, Canada,
Australia, South Africa, New Zealand.
India. China. Cuba. Czecho-Slovakla,
Ecuador. "France. Greece, Guatemala,
Haiti. Hedjaz. Honduras, Italy, Japan,
Liberia, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Po
land. Portugal, Koumania, Servia, Siam,
Uruguay. -&
States invited to accede to the, cove
nant: -Argentine Republic, Chile, Colombia,
Denmark, Netherlands, Norway, Para
guay, Persia, Salvador, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Venezuela.
-2. 'First- secretary general of - the
League of Nations: ;
(The annex was not published with
the original draft of the covenant.)
(k-easy salves and ointment shotild
not be applied U good clear skin is
wanted. From any druggist for 35c, or
$1.00 for large size, get a bottle of Zemo.
When applied as directed it effectively
removes eczema, quickly stops itching;
and heals skin , troubles, also sores,
burns, wounds and chafing. It pene
trates, cleanses and soothes.: Zemo is
a clean, dependable and inexpensive,
antiseptic liquid. Try it, as we believe
nothing you have ever used is as effec
tive and satisfying:
The E, W. Kcse Co- Cleveland, O- .
f - "
'ForJiurning Eczema
i Naimes of
ITALY TO DECIDE
-' -.: '' r , -"- -.- '.is;:;.
ON FUTURE STAND
Parliament to Hear Orlando's
Presentation of Case at Meet
ing Tuesday.
By Camlllo Claaf arra
Rome, April 27. (Delayed) The Ital
ian parliament has been summoned to
meet at t o'clock Tuesday afternoon.
Italy's future course will depend on
the action taken by that body, after Pre
mier Orlando's presentation of the pro
gram followed at the peace conference.
A resolution providing for a vote of con
fidence In the ministry is understood to
have been prepared.
Tuesday's session of parliament is ex
pected to be brief. Former Premier Luz
xatl will move a vote of confidence in
the chamber and Senator Litton! will
take similar, action in the senate. Only
the party leaders are expected to discuss
the resolution. .
"The hour Is solemn and grave," Or
lando declared in an InterView today.
"The government's chief duty is to as
certain whether it has Interpreted par
liament's sentiment and protected its
dignity.! ' .
A. section of the press is advocating
annexation of Flume and the territory
awarded Italy in the pact of London,
without waiting for allied sanction.
"The way out of the present diffi
culty," said the Idea Nazionale, "Is an
nexation by royal decree of Trentlno,
tho upper Adriatic, Trieste, Flume and
Dalmatia with Saar, Sapalato, and Se
banico. Once the annexation is decreed
the tempest will subside. The allies can
not avoid accepting an ' accomplished
fact."
BAD FAITH CHARGED
AGAINST PRESIDENT
Special Cable to The Journal and The Chicago
Daily New.
(Oopyricht, 191B. bj Chfasaso DaO New, Co.)
The Dally News Peace Conference Bu
reau, Paris, France, April 28. The en
tire question in the break between the
allies and the Italians is this:
Has Mr. Wilson in any previous de
cision compromised any of the 14- points T
If he has not, then his statement re
garding the Adriatic would appear to
be very strongly based.
- If, on the other hand, it can be proved
that he has compromised in any other
settlement, then his cae as regards
Italy would seem to be greatly weak
ened. Our American delegates maintain that
they have not compromised and Mr.
Wilson himself, referring to the Ameri
can principles, says in his appeal:
, "These and these only are the prin
ciples on which America can consent to
peace."
But the Italians reply:
"How about the first of the 1 points
Open covenants openly arrived at'?
There has been no pretense of adhering
to this principle.
1'EEEDOM OF SEAS REVIVED
"How about the second point regard
ing the freedom of the seas? Has it
not been abandoned to please Britain?
How about the Saar basin settlement?
Were not principles abandoned there to
please France? Are we the only ones
to whom Mr. Wilson's 14 points, are to
be so rigorously applied? There was
no pretense that the inhabitants of the
Saar basin are French. Everyone knows
that they are Germans. It is only be
cause ot material interests, namely, the
coal mines that the Saar is practically
given to t rance. -
"Everybody knows that Italy has
nothing material to gain. There It is a
question of principle. The people of
Flume are indubitably Italian and no
decision of the, peace conference can
make them anything else. If excep
tions to principle are made in favor of
Britain and France, they can be made
with regard to Italy's claims to Dal
matia. which we think are far stronger
than are the French claims to the Saar
basin."
AMERICAN REPLY IS DEMAL
To this the Americans reply:
"The question of the freedom of the
seas was not dropped to please Britain
but because it became evident that with
a League of Nations sea laws for neu
trals wo M be unnecessary. A-, regards
the Saar settlement it 1 not really a
violation of principle, for it is not an
nexation, but a means of giving France
legitimate reparation for the damage
inflicted by the Germans In the French
coal fields."
But the Italians remain unconvinced.
Tl.ey think they are being discriminated
against. ' '
BRITISH PAPERS APPROVE
PRESIDENT'S PARIS STAND
London,' April 28. The Manchester
Guardian, which has been consistently a
most faithful supporter of President Wil
son and an ardent advocate of the
League of Nations, says:
"World peace and the very foundation
of the League cannot be sacrificed for
the sake of any sectional advantage
real or Imagined. Italy cannot afford to
wreck the league whose protection will
give greater guarantees than possession
would, to the strip of coast line popu
lated by hostile people.".
Perhaps Wilson erred in seeming to at
tempt to set the Italian people against
the Italian government, says the Ob
server, but Wilson's action preserves,
not wrecks, the conference. The vote of
the United States must count fully m
any arrangements In which the United
States Is expected to share its future
responsibility." i
ORLANDO OPPOSED BY
ITALIAN SOCIALISTS
Rome, April 28. The Socialist, parlia
mentary group has adopted and sent to
Premier Orlando a resolution emphati
cally declaring against a new war,
warning the government not to submit
to parliament a "fait accomptl" (accom
plished 'fact) which would lead : to re
sumption of hostilities or delay In de
mobilisation. The above dispatch gives the first
concrete sign that, contrary to most of
the dispatches the last few days from
Rome, Italian public opinion is' by no
means prepared, to Tight to the knife9
President . Wilson's ' adverse ruling on
Flume. It shows 'that in case the Or.
lando government 'carries out its threat
to hold Flume by force, it will not have
the unanimous backing of parliament.
The Socialists in that body are known
to be strong and steadily - growing in
number. . , .
Members
Porter Tackles1
Wrong Tahty1;
Jailed as Result
. Pasco, Wash.. April 2. An at
tempt at bootlegging landed T. T
Whitley, a negro porter, in the
county Jail. Whitley evidently had
orders to deliver whiskey to- some
person in Pasco, and when the train
stopped the first man he saw was an
N. P. special agent. Stepping up to
him he asked :
"Am you de pahty?" The officer
assured him he was the right
"pahty," and was given five bottles
of liquor. i
T
ADOPTED AT PARIS
(Continued Fras. Tata On)
crimination in "law or in fact." Baron
Makino, speaking for the Japanese,
urged there be no racial discrimination,
indicating Japan will continue her ef
forts at recognition after formation of
the league, even if no provision for this
is made in the covenant. Makino spoke
in English.
The executive council, by unanimous
vote, may increase its own membership,
thus opening the way for admission
of Germany or Russia to that body
when it ic deemed advisable. A mem
ber ration may withdraw- frv,m the
league by giving two years' notice.
individual sovereignty U guaranteed
throughout tin covenant.
Makino declared the Japanese people
"poignantly regret the failure to approve
the just demand, laying down a princi
ple aiming at adjustment of a long
standing grievance."
The Japanese delegate said his country
will contnue its insistence upon adoption
of this principle by the league., but did
not offer an amendment covering it.
His speech served merely to get the Jap
anese attitude on record without specific
request for action.
BELGIAN EXPRESSES REGRET
M. Hymana. speaking for Belgium, ex
pressed regret that Brussels was not se
lected as seat of the League of Nations,
but offered no amendment.
The French, despite rumors of an
agreement with Great Britain and the
United States to provide the military
guarantee for France, introduced two
amendments designed to strengthen the
military provisions of the covenant.
They submitted an addition to Article
VIII, providing for appointment of a
special committee to obtain full Infor
mation in connection with reduction of
armaments. Thex also submitted a sub
stitute for Article IX. providing that a
permanent organization shall be consti
tuted for the purpose of considering and
drawing up naval and military measures
to enforce the covenant and making them
immediately operative In cases of emer
gency. WILSON WILL STAY TO
FIGHT IT OUT IN PARIS
By Robert J. Reader
Washington, April 28. President Wil
son is expected by ,his friends here to
speak out In opposition to Japan's peace
conference objectives In China. Such
action, they say, would bring the whole
subject of "secret treaties versus open
diplomacy" aquarely up for final decis
ion before the peace conference.
The president's course in Paris Is
understood to have undergone one fun
damental change. It Is stated by his
friends, that he is prepared now to re
main In Paris and battle to the end for
what he believes is the right settlement.
Instead of being ready to quit the con
ference if his views do not prevail, he
will remain on the spot and fight It out.
it is believed. It is now the official
conviction that the president spoke out
on the Flume question to pfeve the way
for an announcement of Japan's con
tentions. Should the present Wllson-
Clemenceau-Lloyd George alignment
prevail as regards Japan, the same as
regards Italy, .the conference would de
velop a new and clearly defined Issue
with the Japanese and Italians righting
for the cause of annexations against the
western world's advocacy of "new di
plomacy."
On the eve of the allied meeting with
German peace delegates, it develops, ac
cording to Information here, that there
is continued difficulty In arriving at a
solution of the problem of collecting In
demnities from Germany.
JAPANESE PRESS BACKS
MOVE MADE BY ITALIANS
Tokio, April . 28. (U. P.) The Jap
anese press, commenting today upon the
departure of the Italians from the peace
conference, upholds Italy.
Yamato Shlmbun declares Japan and
Italy are In the same boat.
"If the conference considers the Tslng-
Tao agreement a scrap of paper, the
same measure may oe necessary on tne
part of Japan." It says.
Ashl Shlmbun professes to . believe
ItaJv nrohAhiv will conclude a separate
peace treaty wltn Austria ana resume
hostilities with the South Slavs. Europe,
It declares, may yet see Its worst rignt
ing with Germany, the only country to
benefit . - -
Humiliated Man Kills Self
. RawfolU rial.. Anrll 28. (I.-N. S.)
Rather than face the charge of having
stolen three $50 Liberty bonds and . 840
in Mih.frum James S. Getty. Civil W-ir
veteran, Mike Ma rand a, aged veteran of
the same war. commuted suiciae oy
hanging himself with a rope made of a
blanket In .his cell in the Sawtelle jail
early today!
Adleri-ka
am
"I had a bad case of constipation, gas
on the stomach and other bowel trou
ble. Twelve hours after I took Adler-i-ka
I felt better and after continuing
I consider myself CURED." (Signed) E.
1L Beeman, Caliepell, Wash! ,
Adler-i-ka expels ALL gas and sour
ness, stopping i stomach distress IN-
6TANTLY. . Km p ties BOTH tipper and
lower bowel, flushing ; ENTIRE ali
mentary canal. Removes ALL foul mat
ter which poleons system. ' Often
CURES constipation. Prevents appen
dicitis. We have sold Adler-i-ka many
years. It is a mixture of buckthorn.
caecara, glycerine and rune other simple
drugs. , Skidmore Drug Co. and leading
REVISED
COVENAN
Ag
cruFSlsts. Adv. - -
Made Publifc
BOLSHEVIK
CHANGE! HEART
Release of American . Consul "byv
d.j. r...u n TL -.l
ueus vuuiu yniy mean i ney:
Are Courting U. S..
Washington, April 28. The release! of
Roger C. Tread well. American consuli at
Petrograd, by the Bolshevist authorities.
If true, may .indicate a chanare of heart
on the part of members of the Lenlne
Trotxky regime. The state department
today, however, was without verification
of the release of Tread well. , . .
The report of his release Indicated that
he was on his way to Moscow- but offi
cials here believe he would at tempt l to
reach home by way of Poland.: If the
soviet government did suddenly release
him. such compliance with International
obligations on the part of the Bolshevists
demands consideration -from two diplo
matic angles. It was said. , I
REDS REALIZE FOLLY : j
The first Is that the Bolshevists have
finally come to the realisation that their
government and army fabric Is crum
bling, and that they are making a play
to regain the good graces of the, United
States because of its commanding posi
tion at the peace conference, and also
from an economic standpoint. ' -1
The second is that having heard of the
plan to feed the Russian People, they
are loath to do anything which might
prevent execution or tne wuson-Nanaen
plan ror relief.
WOULD TCA8TEN RELIEF
State department officials asserted
day that If the Bolshevists were
o-
in
earnest in tneir proposition to free
Treadwell. who has been held in Turke
stan, contrary to all international law
their action mlgbt have a hastening ef
fect on the food relief proposal. Offi
cials are convinced, however, that the
volume of .Todd shipments to Russia
should increase only as the Bolshevists
disarm their forces. I
The real cause of the detention, jof
Treadwell, .according to information in
the hands of the state department offi
cials, was that Bolshevists held him lis
a pawn in the hope that they could
compel the United States to indttce
Great Britain to release certain Russian
agitators who had Incurred the wrath
of the "party In power" and taken
refuge in India.
Commercial Topics
Will Be Discussed
; St. Louis. Mo.. April 28. (L W S.
Between 8S00 and 4000 delegates are
here to attend the seventh annual con
vention of the United States Chamber
of Commerce, which opens its sessions
at Hotel Statler this afternoon. Lead
ing business men of the country are
among the delegates, who will discuss
the problems confronting manufactur
ers, wholesalers and other business men s
during the reconstruction period. Harry
A. Wheeler, vice president of the, Union
Trust company of Chicago, is president
of the chamber. . - v- ..
$2,000,000 Given
For Victory Bonds
San Francisco, April 28. (U. P.) The
Standard 'Oil company of California
today announced a $2,000,000 subscription
toJthe Victory Liberty loan. Of this'sum
$1,000,000 will be credited to San Fran
cisco and the remainder to several Cali
fornia cities having company agenclea
PIMPLY? WELL, DONT BE
; i
People Notice It Drive Them
Off with Dr. Edward
Olive Tablets
A pimply face wDl not embarrass yon
much longer if you get a package of
Dr. Edwards' Olive Tablets. The skin
should begin to clear after you faav
taken the. tablets a few nights.- ; f
Cleanse the blood, bowels and Dyer
with Dr. Edwards' Olive Tablets, ths
successful substitute for calomel; there's
no sickness or pain after taking them.
Dr. Edwardsr Olive Tablets do that
which calomel does, and just as effec
tively,' but their action is gentle and
safe instead of severe and irritating.
No one who takes Olive Tablets is
ever cursed with "a dark brown taste,"
a bad breath, a dull, listless, "no good?
feeling, constipation, torpid liver, bad
disposition or pimply face. I
Dr. Edwards' Olive Tablets are a
purely vegetable compound mixed with
olive oil; you will know them by their
olive color.
Dr. Edwards spent years among pa
tients afflicted with liver and bowel
complaints, and Olive Tablets are tha
immensely effective result. 1
Take one or two nightly for a week;
See how much better you feel and look;
10c and 25c per box. All druggists.
' -AH.
For Shaving, Bathing
and Shampooing
r- The secret of
healthy up-to-date
-, shaving is
use of Cuticura
Soap, the "Cuti
cura Way". No
mug, no slinay
soap, . no germs,
no frea alkali 'w
Irritation even when shaved twice dairy
Oas soap for all uses shavinr. hath.
tor, shampooing, not to speak of its
value In nrotnotinr akin mii nf aVi
health doe to its delicate Cuticura medi
cation. Doubles safety razor efficiency.
am mm ana t imwi tmrmm, mm antiMMie.
Maim eoatmc fwwr mt tmminmuam ttmanmmm.
ummm
MP