JLJ
THIS OILLUQN DAILY JOURNAL. POIlTLAffD. TUESDAY. IftZlSll UAKY 13, 1313.
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Civilized man nitut hone that toe future
J- bae in etore relief from the burden of
armament and the destruction of war.
Secretary of War Baker.
NO HIGHER CALL
v -
IP YOU want to know why there
should be a League of Nations to
prevent war, let your mind con
. template the 9,000,000 graves oo
the battlefields of Europe; reflect
for ,a moment on the millions of
hopelessly crippled survivors of the
, war; consider the 179 billions of
money expended in the 51 months of
struggle, most of which was wealth
burned up ; and, finally, ruminate
over the 200 billions of property
actually destroyed in the battle zone.
This does not take into account
the other horrors of the conflict;
the agony of mind in millions of
human beings, the loss 1o the world
in the destruction of Europe's best
manhood, the Indescribable suffering
of the multitudes who perished from
starvation and the almost irrepar
able shock to civilization from the
massacres, shambles and slaughter.
In America we have been counting
our dead, considering what to do
for our cripples, and casting up the
great balance sheet of our expendi
tures in actual money and inter
rupted happiness. Yet our suffer
ings and sacrifices are a mere baga
telle In comparison with the awful
tortures of Europe.-, We have read
descriptions of the figonies and mas
sacres, of the welter and horrors,
but no imagination can realize, no
hand pajnt, no pen picture, no tongue
describe the awful actualities of the
51 months of horror, blood letting
and massacre.
'That the human family in these
days of enlightenment should spend
Its time and millions and employ
Its talents and knowledge in invent
ing and using weapons for wholesale
murder is a gigantic myth.
It is a claim that civilization is
a failure and that barbarism is still
a part of the nature of man. It is
an Insistence that Jesus Christ was
wrong and that man is a fallen creature,-:
a heathen, an atrocity in
capable of real civilization; that ho
Is & brute and never can be fully
civilized, that massacre is permis
sible and the golden rule a lfe.
The most vicious thing in the
world today Is that dogma which
declares that wars must be, and the
most vicious men are those men
who declare that because we have
always had War we must always
have war. . The Poindexters anl
Knoxes libel Jehoyah and damn the
peoples. They are in the hopeless
ness of. that greed which fattens
upon the profits of munitions and
agony of massacre.
-In contrast with them is that
group of noble men and women who
argue -that war is not necessary, that
it can be prevented, and are strug
gling to organize a League of Nations
for permanent peace. Is there a
nobler enterprise or a higher call
to mankind T
" Many a fighter is coming home
crippled for life. Thousands of them
can never come home at all all that
is mortal of . them lies under new
mounds In France. If you bought
War-Stamps all your life through,
you i could but infinltesimally make
sacrifice : comparable to theirs. But,
by buying Stamps " to your utmost
ability you can do your bit in part
as they did theirs.
ANOTHER COLLEGE
f--HE Washington legislature talks
of establishing another agrlcut
tural college. It Is to be situ
- ated at Puyallup, a good place
for it If - the college were needed.
But "Washington already has an agri
cultural college. ' It does not obvi
ously need another.
"To.be sure, .the western part -of
the state enjoys climatic conditions
unlike those of the eastern part, but
thai can, be attended to by experiment
stations In the usual way.
H is argued that the proposed col
lege at Puyallup would assist in
persuading men to- leave the towns
and settle on the land It would edu
cate them in farming and thus "maka
them successful and happy." This is
not empty tali. Education does help
a farmer to become successful and
happy, 'but it Is not the only thing
he needs. J - -
Farmers have fairly: easy access tp
education - now-a-days in - varied
abundance. There are the existing
agricultural colleges wtiti their short
winter terms and lectures. During
many parts . of the year there arc
farmers' institutes where excellent
technical instruction Is given. The
United States i government, publishes
a wealth of free bulletins full of
educational matter on vital ) points.
The agricultural colleges perform the
same service, still more liberally.
No farmer who wishes instruction
on any point of his 'business need
go without it. If he has questions
to ask, the best technical ability in
the country will serve him if he
takes the trouble to write a letter.
Education flows before the farmers
doors, like the waters of Jordan, in
a rich and ample stream, but there
is one serious want which it does not
supply.
It leaves the market problem al
most untouched. And the market
problem left unsolved hampers our
farmers. If the Washington legisla
ture honestly wishes to confer a
bepefit on agriculture it can do so
by appropriating a generous sum to
institute markets. The proposed new
college will cost a quarter of a mil
lion dollars, according to an estimate.
That sum spent intelligently on im
proving market facilities would un
questionably accomplish great good
It really would attract men from
the cities to the soil. Farming has
to compete with other vocations in
which less toil produces greater
profit. Naturally it cannot hold its
own. Ambitious young men cannot
be expected to choose It when they
can do better for themselves by
choosing something, else. It is vain
to preach back to the land sermons
until we have dependable markets.
THE HOME COMING
T
HOSE were wonderful moments
yesterday afternoon, those mo
ments of welcome to the re
turning Sixty-fifth.
The reunited families, the joy and
gladness of the return, the Inspira
tion and whole-hearted gratification
of those who watched the triumphal
march through the streets they were
big moments, wonderful moments,
beautiful moments.
To the mothers, who waited and
watched so long, who kept lonely
vigil through the night, biding the
time and hoping for the glad hour
that finally came, it was the joys
of Heaven brought down to earth.
To the bystanders along the street.
it was the final fruition of those
hopes to which all clung through the
agonizing days of suffering and sacri
fice. Few saw in the background of the
scene the figures in black) the gentle
mother of brave boys who went
over seas but did not come back. In
glad greetings of mothers and sons
at the railroad station there was
vivid reminder of the noble dead they
loved and lost. The thought of the
unused suit of clothing hanging in
the closet At home, of the loved form
that went away one day to fight in
France were on the heart and in the
soul of more than que mother as she
watched the greetings and gladness.
Tell my sister not to weep for me
And sob with drooping head.
When the troops come fnarching home
again
With glad and gallant tread.
But to look upon them proudly
with calm and steadfast eve.
For her brother was a soldier, too
And not afraid to die.
Such was the request of the dyin
soldier in the old, old poem in the
school readers of the long ago. It
was the wish and hoDe of thf-
Soldier of the Legion"; it was the
wish and hope of the brave Ameri
can boys who gave their all in
France.
In the thought, there should be
comfort and compensation for those
whose loved ones were not in xhv
ranks that marched home yester
day with "glad and gallant tread."
They fell in the great adventure.
an 1 in their name we are trying to
rear on the earth a covenant of na
tions under which spears will bo
beaten Into pruning hooks and wars
be no more.
It .has been reported from San
Francisco, that city of remarkable
happenings, that a Mrs. Maginni
passed away at the age of 86 after
having lived 21 years without a
stomach. And this at a time when,
according to statements of .Jerman
officials, 700,000 people died for lack
of food to put into their stomachs.
ONE COST ITEM
A'
CCORDING to R. W. Merrick, late
or tne united States bureau of
markets, the fragile containers
made of paper and wood consti
tute a definite percentage of the
cost in each purchase ol fruits and
vegetables, and, in the aggregate,
levy a tribute far greater than the
war tax.
He finds that the container adds
an average of cne cent u, the cost
of each head of lettuce, four to nine
cents to each basket of grapes, five
to six cents to each basket of toma
toes or peaches, one to three cents
on each head of cabbage or cauli
flower, two cents to each measure
of berries, a half cent to each
grapefruit, one to two cents to each
dozen of oranges, one half cent on
each fancy Hood River apple, and
three to five qents to each half peck
of spinach, beans or peas. -
The housewife, of course, knows
nv thing about ? the container tax.
The bill does not read, "Fifty cents
for oranges and five cents for
the container, but one Item covers
both food ;, and wood, : i ; " .
I Naturally XJ the 3 expert frora 1 the
bureau of market would- scarcely
call attention to the condition onle
he had in mind an improvement. It
is. this: , v:. i V-;- .':A-:, j.;
We must use a more substantial con
tainer and use it over and over again,
much the same as milk bottles, ice cream
tubs, bread hampers, egg crates, and oil
barrels. We roust substitute the many
trip or returnable container for the
single trip or gUt package. : There is
nothing In the war of such substitution
except time-worn custom and unrea
sonable habits.
OREGON RECONSTRUCTION
T
HE way to: reconstruct is to re
construct.
There are the school lands
secured by Eastern speculators
on applications and assignments
signed in black in the back end of
Portland saloons, the full and damn
ing evidence of which is printed from
day to day in Che Journal. These
lands lare now held in v'olation of
every principle of moral and statute
law, while returning soldiers and
sailors are applying at the land of
fices for land.
What better and more practical
reconstruction than to follow the de
cisions of both federal and state
courts and secure return of these
ill-gotten lands and place them within
reach of the men who risked all,
dared all, for their country?
That would be one easy and highly
practicable move for reconstruction
that; would reconstruct.
The men who made the sacrifices
do not wanjt charity. A lot of them,
as me records at tne land offices
show, want land on which to build
homes, enter into production and
become factors in building a bigger
and better Oregon.
The governor, secretary of state
and state treasurer, comprising the
Oregon state land board, have called
for action and funds by which to
recover these lands. Saloon Keeper
Schultze told on the witness stand
in the federal court in 1906 how he
forged the names of Schwab and
others to blank applications and as
signments by which the state was
defrauded of valuable lands, the full
account of which was published in
Sunday's Journal.
Are these bare-faced frauds to be
permitted over the protest of the
State land board to stand in the way
of the returned fighters who . are
seeking lands on which to build
homes ?
Returning American, soldiers
and
sailors are applying at United States
land offices for l4nds on which they
can make filings, but for the most
part are finding state lands in the
unlawful possession of big Eastern
speculators and timber barons. Who
is better entitled to these lands
the men who made the sacrifices, or
the grabbers who got the lands
through bogus applications and as
signments signed in blank in the
back end of Portland north end
saloons?
GROWING PORTLAND
M
ATERIAL evidence of Portland's
growth, manufacturing activity,
is observable along the line
tot the principal railroad high
way to the east. To see this con
crete evidence of an awakening con
sciousness of the opportunities Port
land offers as a manufacturing cen
ter, it is not necessary for one to
make detailed search or Inquiry.
view from the windows of the
street cars on the Rose City Parx
line, traversing Sandy boulevard, in
cludes a number of p'ants being en
larged, on the main thoroughfare.
while the presence of additional
activities is revealed by the smoke
of industry rising from numerous
stacks in the Sullivan gulch district.
Railroad and street car line spurs
from the main lines to storage yards
aird warehouses tell the story of
transportation problems easily solved.
There is still a large area of land
available for development of addi
tional industrial enterprises, but with-
in the, last few months the land
scape immediately to the east has
taken on an altogether different
aspect through new concerns estab
lished. IT MIGHT. HAVE BEEN
0
REGONIANS will no doubt feel
a sad interest in the points we
are going to cite from the
federal department of the in
terior Bulletin No. 31, which de
scribes the common schools of South
Dakota. Some of the facts printed
in this bulletin remind us of what
might have been in Oregon if our
school land had been honestly ad
ministered.
As the poet says, "Of all sad
words of tongue or pen the saddest
are these. It might .have been."
Hence the reader's Interest In our
citations will probably be melancholy.
But It will be wholesome, for if he
can be filled with regret for what
the land thieves have taken from
the children he may be stirred to
persistent demand for its recovery.
South Dakota levies no state tax
for the support of the common
schools. It levies no mlllage tax
for the higher educational institu
tions. It does -not need to, for it
has an Irreducible school fund of
114,000,000. The income from this
fund," together with taxes locally
levied, amply .supports the educa
tional system. ;;;
Naturally the State university and
the normal . schools . occasionally re
ceive a legislative i appropriation : for
new b ulldings and - the like, - but their
ret ular expenses . are provided ? for
from : the - income v on endowment
lands : held In trust by the state."
Oregon's endowment lands are largely
held,:: though ;- not : in trust, by " cer
tain opulent bandits, who acquired
them fraudulently at the expense
of the school children. -
Had the state of Oregon retained
Its school lands in trust, or if It
had sold them prudently, ; the school
fund of this 6tate would have been
much larger than South Dakota's.
But the lands were' neither held in
trust by the state nor1 were they
prudently; sold. They were prodi
gally squandered and now the chil
dren and the taxpayers must suffer
for it. -
WHERE IQEALISM
IS TO BE FOUND .
Among the People Reside Enthusiasm
:' A and Unwearied Purpose
,JLB??' t"mblin of the peace confer
ence delegate, at PmrU. the subjoined article
appeared aa an editorial in the Newark (N, -J.)
, nd t of particular pertinence now.
atnee teterreninc erenU hare ao fully borne out
ta claima concerning popular apprehension of
the need of the bour.J
In the affairs of state it is the people
who keep their youth and enthusiasms.
Those ( politicians who do not main
tain contact with the people grow old,
become blase, acquire indifference.
Their worldly wlsdnm twtroa th
Having failed to realize whatever dreams
tney may nave once had to order things
better, faith that any one can do it
changes to skepticism. President Wil
son is meeting with this contrast be
tween the people and some of their
leaders everywhere he journeys in Eu;
rope. Matthew Arnold has pictured it
in one or ms poems. In which he asks
what it is to grow old, and answers,
negatively :
"Tia not to aee the world
As from a height, with rapt, prophetic eyea.
And heart profoundly -itirred.
The enthusiasms for a peace based
upon a new and idealistic world order
are felt by the peoples of the entente
counties, who are responsive to the
president's transcendentalism. They
understand him. They not onlv think
the same thoughts and speak the same
words, but also show the same eager
determination to have a genuine peace.
o.ney are even now "mobilizina the
moral forces of the world," "organizing
the friendship of the world," and "set
ting up a new international psycholoirv"
all undertakings which to the prosy
mmas or seared and Immured politicians
are visionary and which the president
himself believes can be explained only
as the working of Providence.
Bored and blase onlookers recognize
this response of the people to Mr. Wil
son's presentation of his ideas of peace
and smile indulgently from what they
appear to consider their lofty plane of
practical-mmdedness. To them it is
another sign of the fine, but Utopian,
dream of the inexperienced. So the
Tribune said yesterday: "What the
European leaders are still looking to
Mr. Wilson to do is to draw down his
idealism to earth as Franklin drew
lightning from the clouds."
Probably this is true of some of the
European leaders, as it is certainly true
of some of his opponents here. But
it is not what the real European lead
ers are looking for; they are looking
to Mr. Wilson to find some way to un
fasten us all from the earth, as Wright
made a path into the air. Even the
Tribune, although perhaps unconsciously.
confesses this when it says:
"If we create the new atmosphere and
initiate ourselves sufficiently into the
new '- psychology, a new machinery of
statesmanship will, perhaps, emerge, and
what we are now discussing aa rainbow-tinted
abstractions will be trans
lated into concrete realities."
Very well, then as they say in the
West: "If the thing looks good, go to
it." The first step in all progress is to'
overcome inertia. People, like things.
have a disposition . to stay where they
are put. In politicians, those who yield
to this disposition are called "stand-
patters. They make no progress be
cause they lack the courage, the Initia
tive, the vision, the temperament, to
make a beginning. They never lead.
They are always dragging at the wheels
of the chariot.
Now the peoples of the world are or
dering them to move on ; to set their
wits to work to find a way out of the
depressing ruts into which they have
fallen : to walk by faith and not by sight.
bucking up courage enough to take a
chance.
e e e
The people are not heedless ; they are
not looking for reckless adventures.
The road they are ordering their lead
ers to follow is the road of right. If it
is unsafe to follow this road, it Is un
safe to do right; the only prudence lies
in doing wrong. The world has been
doing wrorfg from its beginning, and
doing wrong has got it into all its
trouble. The heedless and reckless coun
sellors are those who Insist upon going
back to the old wrong roadJfrom which
they were driven temporarily by the
terrible experiences of wa.
The enthusiasm of the people of the
world for a moral peace ia the greatest
phenomenon any of us has ever seen.
There never was such an opportunity
before to get going on the right track.
It took the greatest tragedy in human
affairs to bring it about. It will take
an even greater tragedy to bring It again
if it is neglected now. Woe be unto
those who let it pass unembraced, and
who deny the people the thing they are
now demanding.
If Mr. Wilson's opponents are jealous
of his popularity, of the acceptance of
his leadership-by all the entente peo
ples, they have only themselves to blame.
He has shown a greater courage than
they to put moral forces above physical
forces, to put right above selfishness, to
trust the unwearied instincts of the peo
ple rather than the blase, worldly wise
politicians. He has dared to give his
faith in the democracy reality above
his faith in obligarchles. He has dared
to have an enthusiasm for right and to
apply himself to realizing it.
But This Time It Is a Case
of Dog Feed Dog
From the Spokane Spokeaman-Keeiew
In the Telegram, Worcester, Mass.,
John E. Dearth, field agent of Worces
ter county farm bureau, telle this story
of the intelligence, sympathy, affection
and clever understanding on the part
of a dog, which came under his obser
vation in a recent visit to Princeton;
A Princeton man who is fond cf
horses and dogs owns a finely bred
hunting dog and he missed it for sev
eral days. He made inquiries ail
around, but no one had seen anything
of the animal, and after a week the
owner gave it up as lost. One of
the farm hands was rambling through
a chopped off wood lot a few days
later : and came upon the ; dog caught
In a steel trap set for a skunk. Both
forepaws were held in the Jawe of the
Ltrap and the dog could not escape.
But is spue or its terrible predica
ment it was net emaciated, and - al
though in pain, had not gnawed its
fore, legs as many animals will do
when they are in the torture of a steel
trap. " Strangest of au. scattered all
arouna were cones, and scraps of meat.
Beverai nam Done . ana meat - bones. I
with shreds of meat still clinging, were I
under the" captive's nose, and it was
chewing a bone when the farmer dis
covered its plight.
The - trapped dog was carried home
In the arms of the man woo rouna it.
and then, a little later, the owner
Went to the trap to see who or what
brought those bones and scraps of dog
food to the suffering captive. While
he stood silently regarding the little
heap of bones and scraps, smother dog
from his own kennels came through the
brush with its jaws filled with chicken
bones, meat, trimmings and other glean
ings from the kitchen garbage paiL TJie
dog dropped its load close to the trap
and sniffed around as if he were, wor
ried.
Calling the dog after him the owner
went back to the stable, where the in
jured dog was licking its wounds. When
the other dog saw the rescued animal
it barked, capered around, wagged its
tail almost off, and then lent its own
moist tongue to the healing process on
its friend's sorely bruised paws. - j
Letters From the People
(Communication aent to The Joarnal for pub
Mem tion in thia department thou Id be written on
only on aide of the paper, aboold not exceed
SOO worda ln.lencth and muxt be atoned by the
writer, -wneae mail addreaa in full ataaV accom
pany the contribution. )
The Cry for Food and Land
Salem, Feb. 12. To the Editor of The
Journal I do not claim to have the best
solution of the problem of labor unrest
in thlsgpuntry, but I do maintain that
our legislators, both national and state,
should look deeper before attempting a
remedy. Why should thousands, yes,
millions of dollars, be appropriated by
congress and legislatures for financing
cities, counties and states in erecting
public buildings and in constructing
highways, when the crying- need of the
dy i food, food and "more food? Mr.
Hoover, now in Europe, estimates that
from fifteen to twenty millions will
starye before next July in spite of what
we can do. And they . will keep right
on starving unless American farmers
continue to produce maximum crops,
which, of course, they will do. These
are figures submitted officially to con
gress. At the late trial of leading meat pack
ers we learned that production of meat
producing animals has decreased 40 per
cent on an average. Small wonder that
meat is high. Where we need laborers
is not In building highways and public
buildings which are unessential at this
period. We need them on the small and
large farms of this country. Instead of
appropriating $100,000,000 to loan cities
and counties with which to build roads
and public structures, especially ata time
when all material and wages are 400 per
cent above normal prices, let congress
appropriate several billions if necessary
for buying in all idle lands of the coun
try. Let this land be sold or leased
to citizens only and at reasonable fig
ures on liberal terms, returning sol
diers to be giveen preference.
trick at all to appropriate a few bit
lions with which to blow our enemies to
kingdom come. Why should we flinch
when it comes to reclaiming the land of
tne country and putting it to use? By
putting men on farms where they can
be self supporting and self respecting,
we settle the problem of labor perma
nently. By building roads, etc, we set
tle .it for the time being only, suppos
ing that soldiers and others will go- out
on the highways and work, which is not
at all certain. Give a man an oppor
tunity to own a piece of land that prom
ises Independence and hundreds of
thousands are ready to go to the farm;
the city Is full of town tired peoples
who would take up a five or ten acre
tract if prices were reasonable and terms
liberal and the government the owner.
This, to many, may read like an im
possible plan, but greater problems will
have to be solved if America is to see
tranquility among the laboring classes.
As long as food is high and increas
ing m price, wages will be high and
there will be strikes and unrest in the
labor world.
Like many of the men who are wast
ing their time throwing rocks at Presi
dent Wilson, I think, in my humble
mind, that the present administration
haemade some grand errors.'but what
we aeed now Is not criticism of past ac
tions, but actions- past criticism. Even
constructive criticism may be carried too
far. If as much time were spent study
ing remedial methods as is spent by
many members of congress in trying tp
expose tne errors committer! by the
party in power, the constituents of the
members would feel that they were not
paying too much for representation.
C. F. WILLIAMS.
Columbia River Facilities
Colton, Feb. 14. To the Editor of The
Journal The letter of A. J. Smithson
tempts' me to add a suggestion. The"
Columbia has the Celilo canal, but it
has more. It has facilities for water
power by the hundreds of thousands of
horsepower, if my guess is riot too wild.
Traveling along the river to my preach
ing stations In Morrow county I saw, to
my surprise, that canal empty, 'and the
falls running to waste. At Biggs a dam
could be thrown across the river with
locks for the ships, making a fine body
of comparatively quiet water above for
boat passage, and water power to boot.
At Celilo the river should likewise be
dammed, adding one more lock for the
canal, and at Cascade locks the same.
It takes a very stiff pull to get a boat
up these rapids, while with dams and
locks it would be easy going. The
wheat growers over there should have
all their stops taken by boat to- Celilo
to be mined, the feed sent over the
dairy regions near the river, and the
flour taken also by boats to be loaded
on ocean going vessels. Then these
falls, generating horsepower and elec
tricity, could produce artificial ferti
lizers, taking nitrogen out of the air,
and thus supply the farmers with a crop
sustainer they are sadly in need of west
of the Cascades. About these Ideas I
have written to Senators -Chamberlain
and McXary, and it seems to the when a
backwoods circuit rider can see these
things, financiers, politicians and
statesmen should have seen a genera
tion or more ago. But, if Mr. Smith
son's slurs about the Portland leaders
have a grain of truth, the matter may
be explained. I thought that the two
railroad companies were the culprits.
And when the government took over the
railroads I suggested to Senator Mc
Nary that the government step in and
start something along this line. See
what ' the falls of Niagara are1 doing.
And our noble Columbia could and
should do as much. S. M. M.
Raising and Lowering Wages
Vancouver? Wash., Feb., 12. To the
Editor of The Journal In your Issue of
the 11th appears the following: "The
Butte mining companies have cut wages
$1 a day in order to lower the. cost of
living, according to a report. Just how
the cut is , expected to bring down the
price of butter and eggs is not ex
plained." No. nor can it be explained.
Wages, high or low, do not affect the
cost of living. The value of the neces
saries of life is. a use value, and is con
stant. Raising or lowering the price of
butter and eggs does not affect theirs
food value. The price of all product
depends on the cost of production. -The
cost of ail production depends oa cost
of labor, and the cost of labor depends
on the coet of living. Hence, hope of
meeting the cost of living through rais
ing or lowering wages is no- less futile
doe: which attemnt to catch it a nwn
taiL The abnormal cost of living is a!
COMMENT AND
SMALL CHANGE
Keep. Old Glory waving.
Welcome home, brave Sixty-fifth.
It Is a source of relief to know-that
the "flu" has been driven from the
front pace.
- - -
Taft's words are expected to have
weight at capital" Headline. Doubt
less. Taft is a heavy-weight, himself.
The Sixty-fifth fired $4 00.000 worth of
ammunition during its action on the
front. That's burning money, all right
But to great advantage.
Now the royal family of Roumania
Is reported fleeing in terror of th revo
lutionists. It seems to be a mania
with royalty these days. .
The Germans, after a certain amount
of fussing, have signed the new ar
mistice, which leads, one to believe that
even the Germans are beginning to learn
a few things.
Henry Morgenthau, former -United
States ambassador to Turkey, says that
the crimes of the Turk are unspeakable.
Evidently living up to reputation the
"Unspeakable Turk."
Don't overlook the fact that some
veterans of another army are honoring
Portland with their presence this week.
The Salvation army is holding an an
nual convention here.
JOURNAL MAN AT HOME
) By Fred Lockley "
More than two million Americans are
coming back home from overseas with a
larger knowledge of world affairs. Two
million other American lads have trav
eled from farm and village and city to
camp and cantonment and have mixed
and mingled with their fellows and re
ceived a new vision of service. The year
or so they have put In forms for most
of them an .amazing interlude In the
humdrum monotone of their lives. From
selling ribbons to operating a machine
gun, from installing telephones to drop
ping depth bombs to destroy subma
rines, from raising chickens to flying 130
miles an hour and dodging shrapnel,
from raising wheat or chickens - or
prunes to raising Cain with bullets.
bombs or bayonets is certainly some
change and one that will leave many a
stirring memory to recall in days to
come.
e e
N. R. Moore of .Corvallis, who has re
cently returned from overseas, in a re
cent issue of the Corvallis Gazette
Times, makes some interesting obser
vations, both wise and otherwise. He
says :
"No, folks, there Is not so much to
this kissing between the males of France
as some might imagine. Occasionally
one sees men who have been long apart
fall upon each other's rfeck and rub
cheeks, but in a year the writer did
not see a single case of real osculation
on the part of the males alone. The
father sometimes kisses his grown son
n the cheek and is saluted the same
way, but really the men of France do
not spoon, with each other. Now, when
it comes to evidencing affection toward
the other sex, the French are certainly
some goers. They never appear to be
self conscious about anything, least of
all their little love affairs and a
Frenchman not in love is either in his
grave or about to go there. The arm
is about the waist or neck of madem
oiselle anywhere and everywhere and all
the time. And almost as frequently
the arm of mademoiselle or madame
is just about where every man. Frenchman
or American, would like to have it. It Is
not uncommon to see both young and
old sitting at the wine tables on the
sidewalks with arms about neck or
waist, 'in broad daylight' ; and because
it Is suinshlne and noonday rather than
moonshine does not seem good reason
for lovers to cease their spooning upon
the approach of any person or crowd of
persons as they travel upon the beau
tiful roadways of France. The people
of France love to walk along their
charming lanes and lovely roadways
and on Sundays and holidays, of which
there are very many of the latter, one
couldn't go far without meeting several
couples - blissfully unconscious of every
thing but their own happiness and the
romance and glory of the landscape.
The difference between the good old U.
S. A. and the French way lies In the
fact that we do all this loving on the sly
and there they do it in the open, wholly
unconcerned. As a matter of fact, they
are really unobserved, for this is so
AMERICAN ARMS
By Algernon
Special Correspondence of The Journal and
The Chicago Daily News.
London When, far away and alone,
the American patriot took up arms to
win independence under General Wash
ington, the rest of the world smiled
at what appeared almost an im
pertinence. How could rude country
peasants withstand the attacks of regu
lar troops? Somehow or other they did.
Not ohly that, but they beat them
squarely - on several occasions. The
French helped us at later stages, as we
have helped them now, thus paying back
part of our debt of gratitude to them
we never can repay in full.
The American soldier, that Is the
United States soldier, the "Tank," has
never known defeat for any length-of
time. In the war with Mexico he fought
vastly superior numbers of brave men
and won. The Mexican war was com
paratively small, but the-troops had to
suffer and endure and they always filled
all bey were called upon to fill, and
often more. In that war Grant, Lee,
McCiellan and many others made their
debut and all gloriously.
e e
Of the Civil war the deeds of the sol
diers of both sides have become classic.
General Grant, in speaking of the South
in his official report, says : "Let us
hope to remain In perpetual peace and
harmony with the enemy whose man
hood, however mistaken' the cause, has
called forth such Herculean deeds of
valor." A tribute from a generous foe !
And in his memoirs, written almost on
his deathbed, lie said: "United we
need fear no foe." It was General Long'
street, the right hand of Robert Lee.
who said : "Of Washington it was said,
'First in war, first In peace, first in
the hearts of his countrymen.' Of Grant
we can say, 'First in war, first in peace
and first in the hearts of his enemies. "
And at the marvelous funeral of Grant,
among his pallbearers were General
Buckner and General Joseph K. John-
result of under production. Necessaries
of life are scarce because that produc
tion is out of proportion to consump
tion. Raising or lowering the wages of
those . who produce butter and eggs
neither increases nor. decreases the quan
tity or value of these foodstuffs. Their
quantity caff be increased only through
increased production. Increased supply
will decrease their exchange value
ffewer work hours will be a fab? ex
change for a given quantity of these
products.) In order to reduce the burden-
some, cost of living. we must find some
means of Increasing production. For,
while our farmers quit the land and our
shoemakers forsake their shops, the price
of batter, eggs and shoes will remain
high..-,, -,w:.;-;,,-.;'iO :iy;-'iAMO.--
Merchants Buy la Portland 'ow -V-;':;;
' Iron ; th - Eugene Guard J'-Sf
That the - merchants in the Coquule
country now purchase their stocks from
Portland instead of San ' Francisco, is
the statement of William Safserfelt, a
NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
"It's about time to build more houses,
when the people come in to locate and
then go out again because they cannot
find housing of any kind for themselves
and families.' said the Herald, referring
to the situation in Klamath Falls.
The old Grange hall atTangent Is to
be remodeled and many modern conven
iences added. This is one of the pioneer
granges of Linn county, and a revival
of activity is expected to follow the com
pletion of the proposed improvements.
And here is a sample of a class of
items that are increasing in frequency
in the papers of Oregon: "The job of
tearing down the. old blacksmith shop
of Clyde Dannals at the corner of Sec
ond and .Washington streets la well un
der way today. The work on the new
brick building will start right away."
This one just happens to be from the
Albany Democrat.
i e I e
From the Aurora Observer Is copied
this note on the revival of the fur trade
in that sections 'Many beavers have
been trapped here - this season. Ed
Kraus caught a large one a few days
ago. making almost a dozen. K. M.
Howe has trapped eight or 10. Canby
parties are said to have trapped nine
or ten, Allen Kell has caught some and
Ralph Lea bo has several to his credit.
Prices vary from $S to 15." -
much the custom,, so much the seemingly
natural thing, that the French take no
note of it at all. Only the American
would turn his head to stare and some
times to gaze with envy.
"The activity o? our electric flash signs
each evening calls to mind the French
contrast. There Is no such thing In the
city of Bordeaux no electric signs over
the walks at all. Thero is no display
at; all at night. There is no provision
for lighting the city in any such way as
our business streets, are lighted.
"At 6 o'clock each evening the windows
and doors of all French business houses
are covered over with iron shutters. In
most instances these are of the roll-top-desk
kind, coming down from above.
The protection was born of the revolu
tions and street fights of bygone years
and'apparently there is little disposition
to get rid of this long-continued custom.
The show windows are not only covered
at night, but they are never open to view
on Sunday. On narrpw streets at night
time or on Sunday one gets the impres
sion that he is Inside a corrugated tube.
"However, practically every window in
France, whether on the first floor or
the fifth, in business house or residence,
in city or country, is provided with iron
shutters and, disliking air and sunlight
in houses about as much as they dislike
water, the French open these shutters
just as little. as possible. This statement
Is not a4tstortlon of fact all windows
are covered and seldom opened except
for the least time possible.
"Writing of windows calls to mind
the fact that the doors of France are
hot provided with knobs of the ktnd
to which we are accustomed. They have
a sort of protuberance from th- lock
that is to be pushed" down or raised up
rather than turned. About the only
f'tcnobs to be found are in the center of
the. doors and these are' wholly sta
tionary and are used purely as handles
with which to close or open Uje door
provided with a spring lock.
"Each door in French cities if it is where
the general public can see it, wears
about 2S pounds of brass if not quite
that much at - least . enough to keep one
or two servants busy polishing away for
dear life throughout the day. The-bell
or the knocker and the speaking tube is
of brass, there is a big name plate of
brass, a slit cut In the door for use of
the mail man has a wide brass rim, the
knob Jn the centev of the door is of
brass, and there is a brass plate about
the keyhole. And at the doorway Is
ever to be found a servant rubbing away,
rubbing away, and apparently she Is put
ting into the work all the ideality of a
soul with a wonderful vision of brass at
Its shiniest, as well as all the elbow
grease from an arm that would rather
polish brass than do anything else In
the world. The writer figured out that
if one third the energy wasted in- pol
lshlng on the brass of French doors could
have been utilized In any way against
the Germans, the victory would have
been won three weeks after the big fra
cas started."
NEVER BEATEN
Sartorls
' ston. The former had surrendered to
him at Donelson; the latter had been
one or nia most efficient enemies. "Both,
with Sherman and Sheridan, their old
opponents, assisted in bearing away his
remains m me beautiful tomb which
overlooks the Hudson. It was their
answer, the true , answer of the South,
to the famous sentence, "Let us have
peace." it was his own final and per-
jna.i inumpn an outward, visible sign
of a reunited country, i
In our little war witR Spain, in which
I took an humble part, when the Span
ish ships were sinking off Santiago de
Cuba, it was an American officer who
said, or rather ahouted, to his crews
"Don't cheer, boys ; the poor devils are
aying.' And the men obeyed and did
not cheer, and they did what' thew
could, to save the lives of their quixotic
opponents. I could write of a hundred
simple deeds of self-sacrifice and valor
which I personally witnessed in the
Philippines.
aa ah a
Why the German emperor and the
German general staff could think we
were of little military value I never
could make out. With traditions such
as ours how could -our army be any
thing but what it is? And when people
say with a surprised look, "The Ameri
cans are good soldiers and did well," I
smile and say: "Of course; I could
have told you that before." .
We have a blameless military record.
We, have never been beaten In all our
history. We have had a series of won
derful commanders. .Today their sons
are doing just, what sons of such men
would .do. They are maintaining our
standard and that standard is high.
General Grant in hie address to his
armies at the end of the war of the re
bellion said: "Your have dimmed the
luster - of the world's past military
achievements." -
History repeats itself t
merchant of Bandon, who was in Eu
gene today on his way to Portland to
buy goods. It is now possible, he says,
to purchase cheaper in Portland than in
California. , . ,1 . . -
Olden Oreffon
Mount Hood Named for Briton in
. 17S2; First Ascent, If 45.
Mount Rood was so named by Lieu
tenant Broughton of the British navy.
October 30, 1792. It was named for
Alexander Arthur Hood, who after
wards became Lord Brinport, a personal
friend of Vancouver. For a time It was
known among Americans as Mount
Washington. The mountain was ex
plored by General Joel Palmer soon
after his arrival in Oregon in 1845. In
August, 1S67, the mountain was first
ascended by white women. They were
Fannie Case, Mary Robinson and Lucy
Hay. ; Prior to . 1845 the ascent of the
mountain was considered a physical Im
possibility. ,
Ragtag and Bobtail
Stories From Everywhere.
- . Soldier Storira
ORPORAL. WALLACE. Just .home
,". vsnunded after nine months of serv
ice with the First American tank corps.
eas, the - Philadelphia Public Ledger,
telle thla one : At inspection one day the
top sergeant called Tommy's attention
to a cootie crawling up the front of his
coat. .Tommy carefully nlacad the en-
cumDrance inside his coat with the re
mark: "Get inside, you silly assi Do
you want to catch pneumonia T, v
Qaptaln O, P. Beeman relates an
anecdote of a British officer on whoxn
expense : voucher appeared the words
"Porter, sixpence." ' "We cannot pay far
your drinks," retorted the war office.
"It was a man I hired to carry my bag."
explained the officer. "Then you should
have said 'porterage,'" he was in
formed. "You will please use the term
porterage' hereafter." But the officer
had the last shot "When I engage a
cab am I to say 'cabbage'?" he asked.
Why Buds Break Down
. Altlioncb fee a rkiak fo the ocean
And suitable ta for tlie turf.
Modiatee now InaUt with emotion
I ought to be eatin the surf.
rI 'l'r,n tha eport of the aeanon:
.... 00 my dartre frock and crj,
"Ire dreaeca tor aU elee in reaeoa
But -
What ahall I wear In (ha akt
For" motorrne, tennta. and boatinc.
For ridtna- and bridge I am CUed.
- "J. 1'lanae, church and for eoUng-
- -1 n costumed; but now X feel mixed.
The hut wosl in eport'a in tba hearer,
, no I hata cowhide I 1 nlgu,
MS wardroba in alxea and ierene. -For
.
What ehall I Wftar In the eiyr"
' '1L S." in Nw York t renins Poet.
p t'ncle Jerr Snow says:
t its mighty lucky fer some of our best
families and big eastern timber million
aires and tax dodgers that whiskey, fake
affidavits and glnerl skulduggery can't
be follered too fur back In bustln' up
land titles. Time .wan whn it wu . 4i.
a joke to rob schopl children of a quar
ter section, and a whole circus to rob
em -of a township. One of these days
wne os. our scnooi children 11 dlsklver
Liimi um is ine oniy title to land that
w nan give to numans. .
The News in Paragr
Woftd Happenings Briefed
i of Journal Reade
GENERAL
Miss Anna Perrls cf Pittsburg had 19
relatives in the war, 17 of whom lost
their lives. ,
Army discharges in demobilization in
the United States had reached a total
Saturday of 1.174,545 officers and men.
All of Southern California was shaken
by an earthquake Sunday morning, last
ing almost a minute. Little damage
was done.
The United States employment service
at Washington Saturday nlht reported
321,700 idle workers, an Increase of 31,
000 over the previous week.
On account of the estrike of boiler
makers, work on government ship con
tracts In the Oakland yards totaling $77,-
wu.uvu came to an ena aturauy.
A Venezuelan alliance designed to
work for the removal of President Go
mes and the establishment' of a "true re
public' was organized at New York Sat
urday. NORTHWEST NOTES
The Troutdale- school has organised a
boys' pig and poultry club.
Reedspopt. on Coos Bay, with a popula
tion of 500, is seeking incorporation.
A shipment of nitrate for fertilization
purposes will reach Vancouver March i.
A Loyal Legion of Loggers 'artd Lum
bermen has been organized, -at North
Bend.
' Prospects are said to be fine In the
Palouse country for a big crop of wheat
this year.
The Yakima Valley bank gave Its
annual corn show Saturday. There were
15 contestants.
Five out of the 13 state championship"
for boys' and girls' club work In ISIS
went to Yakima county.
A carioaa oi retginierea aairy morn
from the best herds of Missouri arrived
at Vale a few days ago.
Mrs. Louise Powell, a resident of
Clarke count for 47 years, died at Hock
Inson Saturday night aged 62.
The four-minute - men, who did such
efficient work in war work activities at
Raymond, have been discharged,
A campaign to raise money for the
Y. W. C. A. will be put on in Vancouver
and Clarke county, February 23 to 28.
Spruce manufacturers of the northwest
met at Centralia Saturday and decided
to form a :box manufacturing associa
tion. ' '
Of the 3.757.S24 men of the United
States army during the great war, Ore
gon furnished 30,116 and Washington
45.154. - .-
George L. Rouse, a prominent mer
chant of Astoria and Warrenton and
widely known in mining circles, is dead
at Astoria. .
It is estimated that, there are about
200 alien slackers In Yakima county, and
the local draft board recommends their
deportation.
The cooperative sales organization at
Hood River has distributed a net total
of $991,000 to growers for the 1918 apple
and pear crop. '
' Stockholders in the Selah-Naches Irri
gation district will issue 3125,000 in
bonds to be spent on permanent improve
men of laterals,
John Dierdorff of Hlllsboro and M. B.
Twining of Oswero have been appointed
to Annapolis naval, academy by Repre
sentative Hawley.
Two Wallowa county soldiers, August
W. Lundqulst and Peter Hue, chums from
boyhood up, were killed In the, last great
drive 111 Argon un irwi.
Vandecouverlnr. near Forest
Grove, during the month of January, sold
milk to the local condensary from 14
cows to the amount of $576.31.
William Carter, an Itinerant horse
trader, was found murdered near Kenne
wick, Wash., Saturday. His skull had
been crushed with a hand ax.
V! 11 Garllche. a druartst at Centralia.
la tinder arrest charged with selling1
medicated drop, the man who purchased
them having, become Intoxicated.
Hteel and wooden shipyards In T acorn a
and. Seattle will reopen their gates
Wednesday morning. The Macy scale
will be paid to all men who apply. .
A spirit of discontent Is developing
among some 500 at Vancouver, formerly
In the anruce division, because their in.
plications for discharge have not been
granted.
' George Washington
Recognized Happiness of
Thrify People
t atoriea of achievement In the eecumola'
tion of War Seringa Stamp, eent to The
Journal and aeeeptad for publication, will
be awarded a Thrift Stamp. J
Though Benjamin Franklin Is gen
erally considered to iave been the
nation's greatest apostle of thrift.
George Washington, another great
American, was no less outspoken in
his declaration of the benefits of that
virtue.
-- . "There is no proverb In the whole
catalogue of them," he said, "more
true than that a penny saved is a
penny got. Nothing but harmony.
Industry and frugality are necessary
to make us a great and happy na
tion." - ; - , - .-. ':
If Washington were alive today he
would be heart and soul in the War
Savings Stamp movement.
Thrift Stamps and 1913 War Sav
ings Stamps now on sale at usual
agencies. - ' -
arms
i or iieneiic I
VI