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THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY "MORNINCjy SEPTEMBER : S3. 1918,"
nRED cross knows
INO NATIONALITY
UNSERVING
Jack - Edwards ' Sees i Work bf
Americans, Whom Australians
Declare fiercest Fighters.
:?GERMANS CLING TO HOPE
.
;;German Efficiency Steadily Fail
ing and Tail or Line to Conr
stantinople WillvCripple Hans;
(Continue from Fa. On,)
t Dnrifif the three aionthi that hare lapae1
tine the total eeltpee of tbe ran was oheenred
or erreral Kienrifta pertiea from eaatas. point,
a tbe Pacific Nortbweet tbe ectrcnom.r hare
kaaa able, from pbototrapbs and otwmtiow, to
aake cartain deduction. - Th aaoompanrhif
articl, wa, prepared for Tin Sunday Journal by
W. W. Campbell, director of the Crocker eelipaa
expedition, from lick Obasrratory, Unirersltj of
California, whose party .viewed the eclipie trota
pdnt near GoidendaU. Waah. I : ,
By W. W. Campbell
Dlrecter lick Observatory, UniTenity of Cali
fornia, The latitude and longitude observa
tiona show that the station was located
extremely cloae to the central line of the
eclipse . path. The total phase of . the
eclipse lasted 1 minute 57 seconds,' agree
ing perfectly with the prediction, but to
tality came 17 seconds earlier than the
time predicted by the United States nau
tical almanac, because the moon -was
not precisely In the place assigned -by
mathematical astronomers. Our obser
vations of the time of the total phase
will be useful in correcting' the published
orbit of the moon.
Corona of Intermediate Form
The spottedness of the sun is yery
close to the maximum this year, and It
had been predicted that the general out
line of the solar "corona would be nearly
circular. The outline at times of sun
spot minimum is expected to be greatly
elongated. The corona, as observed, was
of Intermediate form, much more elon
gated than had been expected. The de
pendence of the outline form of the co
rona upon the spottedness of -the sun is
apparently not so close as astronomers
had come to think, and the theory of this
relationship must be revised.
The spectrum of the corona was suc
cessfully photographed.. The wave
lengths of several bright lines in the
coronal spectrum .were accurately
measured. These results are needed In
a study of the origin of the bright lines.
The coronal spectrum Is of such char
acter as to harmonize with the hypothesis
that the light from the Inner corona pro
ceeds for the most part from the coronal
structure itself;- and is not light orig
inating In the main body of the sun. re
flected to us by the materials composing
the corona. The great heat of the ad
Joining surface of the sun appears to
raise the temperature of the minute par
ticles or gas molecules composing the
inner corona to and beyond the point of
incandescence.
Deductions Abovt Light
Not all of the light of the inner corona,
however, originates from Incandescent
coronal materials, for the polartgraphlc
observations show clearly that a small
portion of the light is polarised. This
share of the light undoubtedly originates
in the sun itself and, shining upon the
coronal particles or gas molecules, is
scattered by reflection and diffusion,
and this process causes a certain propor
tion of such rays to vibrate In certain
definite planes, which is one of the so
called polarization effects.
Th nnmaroui ana ririill&nt nrnm.
1 .but. The Germans, will never be inences visible at the sun's edge during
wnippea unui me Kaiser is wnippea, totality bear interesting relations to the
land that is going to happen suddenly streamers composing the inner corona.
vntn me time comes ior r ocn io give These streamers arrange themselves, for
"lb word."
Turning to the Red Cross, its equip- these . are in addition to the supplies
:,av; Vni.M i thernrnetv " by the quartermaster's d-
partment 01 ine aripx., -j.ne iea v-tosb
Americans went over side by side and
iiUhe Australian officer summed up his
Wmlnlon of the experience when he told
line. Those Americans are too much for
imu fellows. They , flfht like hell.'
It Tasks Have laltlatlre
t -The American soldier' Mr. Edwards
.Joontlnued. "has Initiative. He can fight
-by himself. He doesn't have to be
;rdd In together as the "n
J lie doesn't have to be driven for"
.She trouble his ottkar have Is to hold
,tbim back."
II Mr. Edwards does tot bold to the
belief that the German prisoner has
- . .. v,. of orman victory. He
.does not like the German state of mind
frnuch. and he gives one illustration that
Ivoints a moral. He was In charge of
She transportation and storage of Red
.Cross supplies from the transports to
a the warehouses at one of tke great
-Supply bases that have sprung up in
France since the American army landed
" here. The work was being done large
y by German prisoners, and Mr. Ed-
tards noticed one Oerman corporal who
as taking particular pains to seer that
the stores handled by him were, well
Solaced and piled to keep them j safe
from weather or other deteriorating
J pauses. Mr. Edwards wondered why a
German prisoner should be so Inter-
. . JJpsted in the conservation 01 Aratncun
-supplies, and asked him.
Ji Kalter Msst Bt Whipped
H "We have been thinking." the Ger
- Jinan corporal answered, "how pleabcO
fhe kaiser will be to find such a large
; amount of supplies watting for him
a when the German army comes through
h irre."
1 "That explains the German state of
rinind." Mr. tdwards said. "That.cor-
poral and the other German prisoners
' orklng nnder him had beea jn .that
' I -place for months. They had seen hun
dreds of thousands of American soldiers
Ijpasslng through, trainloads of big guns
. ' tinfl ammunition, and all the stupendous
Z machinery of war being sent in a steady
Stream toward the German lines, but
.pie German idea of supremacy was
ground Into him and be couldn't get It
Eclipse of Sufi Produces
New Scien tific Data
W, W. Campbell Reviews Obser
vations Made at Golden- '
' dale, , Wash.
a
if
Above Solar Corona as photographed
at Lick Observatory station at Gold
endale, Wash., Jnnej 8. Below The
inner Corona. . -
the most part, in the form of arches,
completely enclosing the prominences.
thus indicating that the forces which
have produced the prominences are also
the foreea which control the forms of the
coronal streamers. The relationship of
the prominences and the coronal stream
ers to the actual spots existing on the
surface of the sun at the time of the
eclipse is under investigation, but the
results will not be available for some
time. The problem is extensive and dif
ficult Other Photograph to Be Taken
The photographs of the sky surround
ing the sun and corona were Interfered
with somewhat by the clouds which
bounded the clear sky in the region of
the sun and cordna. Many faint and
well known stars were recorded In this
area, but no strange or unknown objects
were observed. It Is hoped that these
photographs will give evidence as to the
reality or falsity of the so-called Ein
stein effect, but the duplicate photo
graphs of the same region, when that re
gion will be a part of the night sky. can
not be secured until the winter months,
and no attempt will be made to extract
the evidence from the photographs until
the duplicates have been. secured.
Into the allied lines now ' where they
were sending 0 before America JolneJ
the-, allies. ... -
. "Germany baa One vital line of east
ern communication still . open running
to Constantinople. The allied forces
are less than 100 miles from' the' main
artery5" aUmr- th f Bulgarian frontier.
When : that la cut Germany will be
Isolated and the end will draw closer.
X do aotbeUevecthr will be In
activity alone tbe western front tb's
winter ha said. . "It li ray rnesa
that the allies win continue to ham
tear forward. It tor not far- beyond
tbe Hlndenburg line before the alliee
wM reacb level and open country. No
one bas any " idea of the d Iff leal ties
of the Dresent battlefields of Its rough
ttess. its deep ravines, its steep hills
and dense forests. There were 150.000
wild hon killed In -Franca last, year,
some indication of the extent and the
nature of the forests of the country.
"But -beyond tbe Hlndenburg line !t
will be easy going. When that coun
trr n reached the allies will- have
Frits out of his bole in the open where
it will be man to man and the allied
cavalry can get into action, wnen
that time -cornea the end will , com
quickly, for the Boche won't fight
when he is going . back, and he will
go back If the allies get him into the
open country.
, "It rests with tbe Liberty plane to
and the war, Mr. .cawariis conciuaeu.
"The American army now has air
supremacy in its sector. If it could
have fleets of airplanes, not by the
hundred but by the thousand, to send
out over the enemy lines, no German
division, could live under them. Ger-
manr Would be at their mercy. It
could not stand against them. The
more airmen the allied armies have
the sooner the war will be over."
Grazing in National
Forests to Be Used
To Fullest Extent
E. N. Kavanaugh, In charge of graz
ing at the district forest service, re
turned Wednesday from. Bend accom
panied by J. T. Jardlne. national grax
ine lnsoector. where they attended i
conference of grazing men from Oregon
and Washington. Mr. Jardino, has gone
to California to inspect grazing forests
there and in the Southwest in general
before returning-to Washington, D. C.
"We decided to continue the work we
have started upon a more comprehen
sive scale." suld Mr. Kavanaugh, so
as to include the entire district next
vear. We want to be sure where we
are, and we are going to make use of
every bit of range under our control In
both Oregon and Washington, begin
ning as early as possible in tbe spring.
The question of range .improvements
which would result in an increased use
of the forest was also aiscussea, now
best to construct them and under what
circumstances. J
Germans Lose 43 Planes
London, Sept. 28. Forty-three German
alrnlanes were brought down by the Brit
ish Friday. Nineteen British machines
are missing. Eight German balloons
were destroyed by fire. .Forty-eight and
a. half tons of bomos were aroppea ti
day andLFrlday night on various German
targets.
stores are a reserve slock from which
the so4ir can draw . In case he can
not immediately reach his company
. f the task It was accomplishing.
t Know, No Nationality
The American people can rely upon
JWo things," he said. "One is that there
.la nnrMnsr that cam to make for the
feomfort of the American soldier that J Quartermaster. The soldier is cared for
rannot and will not be supplied by the I by tno army organization, but if that
Red Cross. There is a Red Cross caD- I i v.. t ik. m.h nr tumnil
.lain sent out with every division that of front Ilne duty, then the Red Cross
Xjomes into ranee, mis requisition isatore and the Red Cross organisation
,um aim iih uoiiiiiu3 aio nici piumiju. i. wa.itine to fill the aan.
terials to supply a nation at war. No
nation.' can meet that supply alone.
Haas Steadily Falling
"Since- the entrance of America into
the war and the consequent closing of
neutral ptfrts -Germany has been stead
ily falling In efficiency," he said.
They ate not sending one shell over1 v.
There is no red tape to unravel when
.p. call comes for supplies. f
t "The American Red Cross knows no
Nationality when necessity- arises. Not
long before- I left, one of the hospitals
The transport system was a wonder
ful .achievement, Mr. Edwards ex
plained.
"People have a wrong Idea of- the
Tommies had Just been brought in. j roads are of the same standard gauge
Jtrhey had been In the trenches tor a found In the United States, and the
tlong stretch and were dirty, vermin
;povred. unkempt and suffering. Within
three hours the whole number had been
supplied with everything from comfort
.kits to pajamas. That la the way the
J Red Cross works.
t Twelve Great Warehoaiei
,f "And right here", he continued, "I
want to mention these comfort kits
.the little bags, with a drawstring at
the top, filled with needles and thread,
. I phocolate and cigarettes. They are the
most prized possessions of the bovs.
.They can hang them on their arms or
the bedposts. They prise them, and the
- gaudier the calico, the more they like
.It. They are a touch of home."
j; Mr. Edwards told of the vast scope
of the Red Cross equipment. He told
'f the Bessenu hospital tents, 25 tents
roadbed and rails 1 are just as good
as any to be found here. Their cars
are small and their rolling stock is
light, but this has been replaced bv
heavy American equipment. The Amer
ican engineers have laid additional
sidings, spurs and terminal trackage
which, if Joined together, would reach
from 'Philadelphia to San Francisco.
There has never been a time when
emergency arose and emergency stuff
was needed at any point on the front
that cars were not' ready on demand.
Germaay's Ead Seen
"Even during the drives, when at one
big depot trains loaded with troops.
guns, ammunition and all the equip
ment of war were passing out of the
station at eight minute intervals, not
,lo the unit, each with a" capacity of 60 tor da3rs hut for, weeks at a time, there
peat, with oak floors and covered pas- WM never an occasion wnen, i coma
Jaageways, that were set up, covering not et cars nd 'transportation for
i .acres of ground, close back of the ReJ Cross supplies without delay or
flighting lines. difficulty,
t He told of th vast watwhnuiM war am 1 Turninsr from the Red Cross back to
greeted for holding and distributing the the general war situation. Mr. Edwards
Red Cross supplies along the front, believes that the end is In sight. How
Jin the district back of the American soon he will not predict, i but of the
.army there have been constructed 12 outcome he Is confident. He attaches
great warehouses, each capable of hold- the utmost significance to the offensive
,ng emergency supplies for more than along the Bulgarian front. If the Ger-
muuon men. e toia or tne hospi- man line of communication there is
uuui Daca 01 me American lines, cut, then Germany soon must fail, be
ou.vvu ueua in me aggregate, I holds.
liTrta TTii? 1U. ' "Germany can not live on herself
laS '.v0' hllo,T wcreu "ng and alone." Mr. Edwards says. "It takes
, t . iron and copper and all sorts of ma
;r .ry neeq sappiief
,! The base warehouses' earrv tverv.
thing that the American soldier can
.need." Mr. Edwards said. "Not In hos
pital supplies alone, but in everything
,that might be demanded. I purchased
In one order 100,000 pairs of double
blankets. 460.000 pairs -of white sheets.
.wim ua pillows, bolsters ana slips to
;flll the allotments." T- ?v
. i "The warehouses have tohaaca 'atnrM
"Up by the hundreds of tons. Every dt-1
vim comes ever is given 200 cases
of tobacco kits, each box containing 146
- "When I left raTw t TtA r-
, Ihad enough socks and knitted mod.
'.. tored up to last the army throughout
Jibe winter. We had 750,000 pairs of
. home knitted socks and 600,000 iome1
.knitted sweaters on hand, knd all 'them,
, in addition to the stores accumulated
uaiieAl.tJ UWHUlMa,
Transport Syitem Woaderfml
-understand, he continued, "that
i REGISTRATION ROOMS
AT COURTHOUSE
it
Open , Nights Until
, 9 o'Clock ,
. ''" From" ;
September 25 .
' ,To 6ctober;8( -
J JOS...W. BEVERTOCE, ,
i
V ;
FAMILY ANXIOUS
Mra A. H. Taeker. of 1738 East
.Stark. yPorUana. aliasing since '
Sunday Sept. 832 Heights1' feet ;
Inches fwaighti U3 pounds; no-
., tlceabla brown eyes j hair allghtly
.gray; alight birthmark on. left
j cheek f age, 4S; years ; -wore blue
, serge suit and wide- white- straw
i hat i Tnanner dignified and agree-'
i, ab!e4 .Family and . friends anx- ;
-lously -await , word of her wel."
. Xarer'fthcme Tabor 39. -
BR0ADWAY'I)YE&
CLEANING'WORKS
' - MASTKR DVCR9 0 OLCANgRt
Phone, Cart S, O-t 442.
. portvnd; OR. -
Yes, It's Steinway
Isn't there supreme satisfaction in being
able to say that, o the piano in your
home? Would you have the same feeling
about any .other piano ? "It a Stein
way." Nothing more need be said.
Everybody knows you have chosen wise
ly you have given to your home the very
best that , money can .buy. You will
never even think of changing this piano
for any other. As the years go by. the
words "Its a Steinway" will mean
more and more to you, and thousands of
times, as you continue to enjoy through
life the companionship of that noble in
strument, absolutely without a peer, you
will say to yourself: "How glad I am 1
paid the few extra dollars and secured
a Steinway."
99
Sherman, MatfSi Go.
if
Kearney and" Sntter St., San Francisco ,
Foorteenth and Clay Stt Oakland '
Sacramento, Stockton, Fresno, . San Joe
t , -
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STARTED
YESTERDAY
UNTIL
TUESDAY
MIDNIGHT
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BONDo
America's Daaintiest
Piquant Beauty
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TTiTl TTTTrriTTTi
......J,1X
in
'MONEY IS'TIVERYTHING'
This story couldn't happen any place but in the United States
Typical of American initiative? and hustle, laid on with a
heavy brush A judicipus mixture of drama Just: ; a5 little
pathos, and pure, unadulterated comedy A laughable and
enjoyiable mixture.
11
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BXenSJBBBBBr
FICTOGRAPH
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BRITAIN'S BULWARKS
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