TriB OREGON DAILY JOURNAL. P -ORTXAND, MONDAY, 'JULY 23, 1,918.
!1
AW IKDtmDtKT KEWIFATXB
a S. JACKSON ,
.KnblWhe
rublih4 every day, ittinm and BonHM -
. cept Sunday afternoon) at Tbe Jonrnel Bntld-
in. Broadway sad Xasuull Ueete. Portland,
y Oregon, .y . -
tCatered at th poetaffle at Portland. Orwm, for
tnnnniMioa Utronsb tha meile at atoona daM
matter. . .
TgLEFHONES r Main 717 Horn A-60U
. AH departments reached by the number.
TeB the operator what department 7m want.
JXKEIG1 ADVSBTISINO BErBESENTATTVB
Bltni Kantaor Co . Bruaawtck Batldtnc.
J 'S5 mth avenue. Maw Xork. S00 Mailer
; BoUdina, Caioasa, -
?ubertptloa tana by mill, or to.aay ed&ree to
,. the United But or Mexico r
; OalLXr (MOBNIHO OB ATTIBHOpN)
- One year.. 15.00 Ona month $ .BO
SUNDAY
On year S2.B0J One month $.35
OAJLT tMOBWINO OB AFTKK.NOON) . XSD
u -; 8CNOAT
One rear. .'. .'. .ST.tO Ona month. ,,,.1 .
we ara champion of thou cations whieh
. bar aot bad tha military itandint which
would enabla tbem to compete with tba
atronceat nation in tha world, and t look
forward with pride to tha tlma which 1 hop
will com when wa can ia nbtntil
aridaaea not only that w do not want any,
thing oat of tint war, but that wa would not
- aacvt aaythina out offit, that tt to b-
anlately oate of diatntaTaited action. An
if yam will watch tha attituda of our people
9ov will a nothing itira them ao daaply
a tha aaearanee that thla war. aa tar a
w ara concerned, to for tdealtotio object.-
Woodrow Vlleon.
RIVETS AND BOLTS
EVERY rivet and every bolt
Portland worker puts into an
American ship is a blow for the
uettermeiit ai woratus .cuuui-
ttlons. throughout the world.
If you ask why, George Perkins, a
(fellow worker and a labor delegata
.ihAo an international labor conference
ield -in Europe Just before ; the war,
answers , you on this pae.
Mr. Perkins names Germany as the
"oppressor of workers. The kaiser
"wanted wages kept low so German
products . could compete. Jn distant
markets. The effect was to beat
down wages In other countries.
- U Germany intimidated" and coerced
'labtr. It spied on labor. It policed
labor meetings and suppressed free
speech. When all these methods
failed, autocracy tried to corrupt la
bor, misleading it by lpsldlous prop-
I a J i
sganaa, ieenuig 19 raise up iaise
leaders and using the power of
money and Influence to debauch. thoe
who-sought to - mitigate the condl
tjons of . the' workers. .
Ambassador Gerard has told 4 us
about the beggarly .wages in ;Ger
many. . The National CJvlo Federation
has given us recent wags statistics.
In ' March, 1914, the -average -dally
wage of men in various German in
dustries was: t
Metal industry, 11.32 per day; en
gineering, $1.28; electrical, 91.24;
stone working and pottery, fi.07f
, food, drink and tobacco industries.
It 126; leather and rubber. $1.20;
fKrnpp workers, $1.20; engineers and
conductors on state railways, 70
cents per day; hard coal miners.
I $334 per year; soft coal miners, $207
per year; copper miners, $271 per
!year; Iron miners, $2G6.
In 1908 the German statistical of
J flee reported that the necessary liv
ing expenses of an average German
family was $531.70, while the actual
Income of the skilled workers was
$373 and of unskilled workmen $310.
r The deficit In the family budget
was mads up by the work of the
jjwomen and children. The wage of
the women was less than half mat
. 'paid men In the same work. Women
i metal workers received 49 cents
rday, a woman chemical worker 55
cents a day. and so on. In 1913 it
was officially, reported that one third
I of the. economic labor of the German
i empire was . performed by women
-and that .one t woman out of every
twft earned her own living.
Children worked by the hundreds
1 01 tnousanas. me nours of every
body . were eight to 12 per cent
tlpnger than-in Eugland and 10 to
i34 per cent longer than' in1 America.
j ' Housing conditions were bad. The
, t Berlin census of 1900 'showed that
Uover fifi per cent of the city's popula
tion lived In rented dwellings, mostly
' In tenements . of . the barracks sort,
ht has been stated on good authority
' -that 55 - per. cent of the families n
)Berllh live In one room. The typi
cal dwelling for workers is a two
room flat accommodating a family of
four'; to- six .people with lodgers
often added. -Similar conditions xlst.
In other German - cities." Jn Dussel
dorf, often.: praised; for Its working
men's- houses; vonji fourth '-of the
workers' families in 1910, lived in one
and two-room flats ; ;
There has been much , propaganda
! about German ' pensions. ; Here are
some of tthemt' . I.
Sickness 'pension', - less, than- $1 a
week ; old age pensions. 75 cents ' a
week; averig4 widow's pension, 35
cents a week.-"
These facts in connection with 'Mr.
PerklnsVartlele tfn this . page,, show
why every, rivet and every bolt; put
by an American worker into nev
ship is a blow for the liberation f
workert 4 throughout' the. worldt
bloy 1 for , thet abolishment ..of , pau-
. jr ; wagjs,"" blow .to take 'from
autocracy the power :.4o longer in-
ilimldate, browbeat,-spy upon and by
armed., might ; hold workers, la t
feudal subjection - . . . n
Drive the rivetg . borne and make
the bolts staunch.
f 'One of the remarkable Institutions
In America has been the hobo Hotel
de Luxe, 'r In Chicago,, where tho
down-and-out could ' get a clean and
comfortable night's lodging for -'- 10
cents. It was a practical example of
the brotherhood of man. Its owner,
Charles O. Dawes,, now an engineer
somewhere in France, .In harmony
with the spirit of the present Ameri
ca, has converted it into a clean
cheap hotel for ; sailors and soldiers
only. Thereby, the higher need of
the more important man is recog
nized as dt should be. ,
- WHEN WBvWINCaE,;i.'i,.v
B ALL wince at the high food
Price. , ; jf --y '.-,
, They are high. But to what
altitude.' might they not "havo
ascended except; for 'the constant ef
forts of "the food administration : to
eep them within bounds? . . .? ,
'Then, there are" the food "prices" '.to
other countries.; Take " Holland. ; Beef
there. is $2 per pound; pork, $1.10;
sugar, 30 cents; coffee, $1.80: tea $3;
butter, $1.75;' cheese, 90 cents; soft
coal, $24 jec ton; hard coal, $30..
These are prohibitive prices for all
but a few people. Th carpenter In
Holland on a.wage of 45 cents an
hour cannot -afford beef at $2 a
pound or coffee at $1.80 per pound.
The fainter on a wage of 32 'cents
an hour cannot consume butter ex
tensively at $1.75 per pound or tea
at $3 per pound.
In America, we do npt always
realize how fortunate we are In com
parison with millions In other lands.
Austrians by the thousands standing
all .night in line at Vienna, waiting
for a beggar's weekly allowance cf
meat andbut one in 10 receiving a
ration, is example of the heart break
ing conditions In some, of the Euro
pean countries.
Nine out of 10 starving Austrians
turned away without a meat allow
ance that comes but once a week Is
In striking contrast with the. ample
food and well filled larders In Ameri
can homes.
How thankful we should all be that
conditions with us are no worse I
The profiteering claim agent has
appeared at Washington to help, he
says, "-expedite payment ?ot war risk
insurance to relatives of dead sol
diers. The Journal's Washington
correspondent warned Journal read
ers against them In an article which
appeared In the paper Frluay, July
26. Men who propose to profiteer
over the grave of a dead soldier
seem to have no senses of human
depravity. " '" - r - - y
ikr r, " 1 " y V Tj
THE AIRPLANE
I
HE Imperial progress; of the air
plane ; is certain-5 to raise some
nice points of law.' Suppose, tot
instance, an airplane gets into
trouble 10.000 feet up in the air and
is obliged to descend hastily.
The aviator cannot choose his
landing place. He has to land whero
the'force gravity ordains. It may
be In a field of wheat. It may be In
the Misses Primly's front parlor. In
any case, damage will be done. Who
is to pay for it?
Must the aviator pay for what ho
could not help? Must the Misses
Primly stand, their loss? Is
the fall of a flying machine what
the lawyers call "an act of God" for
which nobody Is answerable in dam
ages?
I Question" of this sort hold out to
6ur legal lights a fascinating pros
pect. Many centuries were consumed
by the courts in "settling" the 14w
of maritime trade. Will it take as
many to settle the law of trade in
the. sky?
No doubt much pf the old law will
melt away. New law will take its
place. Already the- old binding force
of contracts is vanishing in some
courts If not in ; others.
Would Imprisonment' In the peni
tentiary for life re too severe a sen
tence for those New York, profiteers
who stole army beef and sold It to
the navy? Soldiers are "court mar-
tlaled and imprisoned for. life or even
backed up against a wall and shot
for less' serious offenses. War makes
plunder of the government a more
serious offense than in time of peace
because in war, profiteering is moral
treason. " ,
BRUTE FORCE
W
HAT has become of the brute
force doctrine we used to hear
so much of in the years pre
ceding the war? 'it was a
great favorite In one of. "our local
newspaper offices. We heard rem
larly from that fount of wtRnw
mat -after all Is said and rtnnn
when you get down to brass tacks
soua pnysical force rules the world."
Tne same dogma Issued from hun
dreds of more or less Inspired
offices i and brains. It was dinned
into our v ears so constantly, that
many f were harried into admitting
it though ' they : knew it was false.
During the last four years brute
physicals force , has harl: an . excellent
cnance tK show" what " it could " da
toward ruling the world.
?i At . the ; beginning of thos four
years physical force, unvitlated by
the shadow of an Idea; was dominant
in Russia, it had a big trmy. at
Its : command. i had a thoroughly
trained priesthood to do its will. It
had a - cowed and submissive, peas
entry tumbling under the knout..
-1 There hever was a more". Imposing
W
exhibition ' ct all-dominant physjpal
force. If it can rule the world U
wwqmv ar m w aVVU sw Q VA w'im i p
What happened? An . idea swept I
through tha air, the Idea of;democ-j
racy, equality, human brotherhood. I
The Idea "was given to' the world J
two thousand years ago and had I also declared that wnile women en
been the plaything 4 o'f tyrants ever! dure cold, better than men, they -can
since. In Russia it assumed flesh
and blood, . Physical force vanished j
before H like a picture from a
screen. 5 - ,
Germany believed that physical i
force, unadulterated, brutal physical
force, ruled the world. In that be-lis
lief Germany spent 50 years building susceptible than men to lead poison
up' an army devoid of any iueal but Ing the effects are shown in their
easily savagery, iter army mei 1
the idealism of. France and -the purl-
tanism of; England on the stricken
Held. The shock was frightful. But
through. Idealism held its own. I
In the darkest day of the struggle
a new idealism came to the rescuo. I
It was the pure faith in democracy
of the people of. the United States,
Their, faith overcame inertia, greeJ
and treason. It assembled and dis-
ciplined great armies. It..bullt ship,
It fired the nation to incredible et-
ertion and sacrifice. Physical force"
conquers when it becomes the set-
vanf of the -ideal. Serving "; nothing
but Itself; It weakens and rots.
Every time you pay a six cent fare
you pay tribute to a broken contract,
a contract ! that pledged you a five
cent fare, a contract that in morals
is as sacred as the constitution of
the United States, which ' undertakes
IO guarantee me SKU)llliy OI con-
tracts, slavery time- you pay a six
. ' ' " " 1 , "
cent fare YOU are Victim Of thd
.. .. . I
1 ;i 1 : ,w -..km- I
ic5iub Hugger -uiuegci, mo J"""";
service Commission's hOCUS pOCUS
, ...... .... , . , ,
and judicial legislation Which de-
. j il. n.-ii-.j 1
pnved tbe people of Portland or 1
Uielr five Cent fare contract Without
their consent.
URGING HIGH PRICED SUGAR
rnnCj wy w eep too muon
I sugar from being consumed
I fn i
for sugar to go up in price.
even if lt Is 20 or 30 cents a
pound, and it will automatically. reg
ulate itself."
This was the astounding declara
tion of Senator Penrose on the floor
of the senate recently. It is the
... ,
very argument the sugar trust would
have made If it had been senator.
Give the sugar trust full rein In
..,. . ....
boosting the price and presently lt
will-go to such-high figures that
less sugar will be consumed. It
....u ..'u. v. - v. . , j
vyui ucu iufc tue iew wuW ouuiu prornl8e , mm aut0cracy. such as -is
afford to buy sugar at sky prices typified by tha present German govern
COUld go On using iL but the great ment. is defeated -in a finish fight and
Unass. of population .would be deprived
of it. MeanwhUti7e sugar :monop- J
oiwuuiujia Sivcu iuu .uppuriuuiiy i
for profiteering in a great, necessary
f lifo. " 7 ' I
n-Vi m t. -
u"u otu a.
arraignment of- the- efforts of 'the the representatives "of the organ
government to regulate food prices ized labor movements of the other na
through the food administration. Re- tlona. I went aa a poor man resolved
, . - . . to make the trip just as cheaply as pos
ferring to the men called by the Bible because labor has no money -to
president to deal witn rood and other
economlo problems brought on by
the war. Mr. Penrose characterized ZrTot cSnSzZi
those officials as "upstarts abso- fined with supposed leaders of the a
lutely ignorant of the duties confided bor movement of Germany. They were
to them."
. .,1
Senator Penrose is admirable In his
brutal frankness. But what if a man
of his views were president of the
ttt,) Cfoa wiTt it h;D
United . States? What, if his kind
were In majority in congress? . I
The rood administration IS the gOV-
a.mmmw- a Y.MMs. ...tw
cj.i.cms cuu.i
in reacn 01 au oonsumers ana to pr5- t
vent profiteering In food necessaries I
rfnrtn th. war- Tt la h
S v Tiw-a aw QVI VIM
ment's endeavor to protect consum
ers against coffee - at 91.80 a pound
and sugar at 30 cents a pound, the
present prices in Holland.
Tne Penrose atmuae seems un
thinkable, and yet there Is his re
cent speech with its remarkable plea I
for high priced sugar.
There is not a reason In the world
why the North Bank tracks should
not be used for a satisfactorv and
amni nassftnirpr traffin hfttwppn Port.
. 1 0 . . .
land -ana Linnton. rine road was
....
built -for service. It ought to be
tnr. httv mpvIm fa na.H.H
, ; , . i 7 ,
especially in serving Industries en-
gaged in war worr. It ought to be
easy to solve the Portland-Linnton
transportation passenger problem by
1: 4 th, ,nii.n.tt!.. i-1
- IV.-t 1
caarge 01 ui jicm..
WOMAN Vi INDUSTRY
HE entrance of woman under the
T
Stress of war Into many voca-
tions ana iraaes wnicn navel
heretofore been filled by men
only, suggests the question' how fart
un wnmon . cafelv an 'intn mh ' in. 1
oupation. without endangering phys-
ical health and indirectly the welfare f0r treason. The same thing has bap
Of the ' future! race. ' r r ' - pened on other occasions. The German
prf Alice Hamilton, of the United
States bureau of labor statistics. In a
recent bulletin, -says there is no par-
tlcular reason why certain - occupa-
tions; should always have been rele-
i j ,
gajed to omen instead of men or
tne reverse in ouier occupations. ,
She finds, however, that there Is
. nA nf ctnriv In rfAt.minln. .
a field f of study in determining Just
how great a weight woman should)
be allowed to lift in the course of
rlsv's work The Pennsylvania H -
day s worg. 1 ne Pennsylvania de-
parwrren 01 10 or, - wuicu nas pe?n
making -tests, is in favor Ofj fixing
13 pounds as the maximum weight
the average woman should he al-
towed to lift contingent on the nurn -
ber of. times during the ; day she
should be, required - to make the
effort.,' . , t --
Dr Hamilton . declares that- women
do. not stand continuous nffht work
wclL Women do not, she . further
asserts, endure .Ions' hours as well
Miviif wxaa aw v a
their, work."
The skeleton and muscular system
of the woman is not so well adapted
as that of man, to standing, -It . Is
not suffer beat as well.
Coming to those Industries . where
injurious substances are to be. ban
died. tt. Hamilton says that ' women
do not seem to - be - more easily af
I f ected than men . except where lead
used. While women are not, more
oiisprmg.
Dr. Hamilton suggests, howeve?,
that it would be a mistake to shut
women out from such industries.
be eliminated.
So many passengers are riding on
Portland street cars that the company
cannot handle all the business. The
corporation cleaned up more than a
cool million in net profits on Dghting
and power last year. In spite of t
all. the public service commission
and the Oregon supreme court are
forcing the people of Portland, over
their ballot box protest, to pay the
comoany a six cent fare over a
LABOR'S STAKE
IN THE WAR
By George W. Perkins
rnor W. Perkina. a worWutman. who waaa
rwpriiLAi.
Labor at a treat world contra of Ubor or-
ninization nDresenUUTei at Zurich. Switzerland.
. .J .U. . . A,
In 1918. contributed- to tha Labor Clarion
o( May 17,118. the article here reproduced,
remarkable i0nti'th S'
imrnmnu in respect m 11a ui:iijo uaw,
orer German Ubor. aa well aa ef the hypocrisy
wiin wmcn 11 naa neia out w we wmtu iuo
BretnM th.t Ubor to unnny wa faired b-
that in any other una on eann.
Why Is American organized labor so
unanimously supporting the government
in its war to a finish against autocracy?
If all of you who read this article had
been with me in Germany the year be-
lore tne great, war Droxe out, you woum
hv n0 need ask- You would have
een. as I saw. autocracy at work, ln-
timldating a and coercing labor, spying
on it, policing its meetings, suppressing
free speech. When all .these -methods
failed, you would have seen, as I saw.
autocracy trying to corrupt labor, mis
leading it by insidious propaganda, seeit-
lng to raise up false leaders, and using
h? of n entl SjiSa.
debauch those who seek to mitigate the
condition of the workers You would
have, returned, as I did, thankful to be
Permitted to live in a land of freedom
and democracy, and resolved, as I was,
lr ever our lib.rUes were menaced by
the powers of autocracy, to fight to the
ath; to work to the limit; to make
every sacrifice, and to accept-no com-
lJ!! 1
arth.T
x Went-toEurSpe in (be early falLipf
1913 as a representative "of the American
Federation of Labor to the world s oon-
gress the International reaeration or
TTr.ln .t 7urkh. Switzerland.
spend on the junketings of its repre-
entatives. I went there for work, not
not delegates, but, somehow, they were
mere, -lueji ci nui iwi iucii,
way they spent money was any indica-
tlon. They seemed to have unlimited
fund8- Tnelr mls!?lon seemed to be to
spend money. We have always supposed
that the "Dutch treat" originated in
Germany, but somehow these men from
wermany Beemea never 10 Jiavo ncaru
Ol ll. X I1C II ouiej a. i Hi, ayyai cntij , waw
to wine and dine the representatives of
other countries. They would invite a
man to. luncheon or dinner, on the pre
text that they wished to consult him
on some Important matter. Hev would
find, as I found more than once, that
the matter rwould be Just about as im
portant as the question of whether ad
journment should be taken at 12
o'clock or five minutes to 12. In fact, it
often would be hard to discern any mat
ter at all which would warrant this sud
den manifestation of friendship and In
terest. . But the conversation always
drifted around to the interests of Ger
many in the world. Its superiority, and
the utter futility of anyone standing out
Mint it. The aim. atmarentlv. was
to make friends for Germany. It took
the world war; however, to reveal the
f" meaning and extent of what these
. .n rlrlirinir mt XThn
1 uiuuuauuiaw " v - - --. o -
,t to paying the check, some of
these Germans were there with bells on.
! I don't know where they got the money
Just go and look in on. the headquar-
,om ef the German unions, or
1 visit the homes of some of the German
workers, and see if you think they got
" -
For vears before this war broke out,
un uicw
, of -world had been to prevent in
ternatlonal strife by general strikes In
case of wars of conquest At-a meeting
several years ago' of the miners repre
sentatives from many lands, an English
4.ut, nmnosed a resolution rjrovidtnr
that in the event of a war ornggression
tne miners wv
JMF STZZSXZ
was even Introduced they would have to
withdraw, for if they even sat In a meet-
TJSfi LTLZ 7Zu&
tSSriJS
wttn any proposal to interfere with, their
I government's plans ior woria conquest.
or f ace a nruig squu .
M personal experience while studying
th labor movement in Germany was
,ch M to mak me more than ever ab-
solutely and unquaiiiieaiy tack up our
government In this war. I found abso-
lUteiy no aemocracy in uerraan larior
movment No meeting of'workingmen
could be held tn Germany without gov-
eminent ponce supervision. ;.o one
1 could speak In foreign tongue at any
Ubor meeting, without first submitting
bis speech to the autocratic government.
j having it censored, and being given a'
ttZStZZTSLJZ
j caUed for organization purposes, because
1 1 would first have had to submit in writ-
K AL'TIJS!! .-..iPX .wfuia
I Piue penciled by some representaUve of
an"autocratlo government, and translated
nto English for the kaiser's minion
(tws 'red tar- ruia: nave ;ten gone
throutrh -with, tha .day tor tb meeUnc
would hnva paaaad. If X bad conneaud to
try to 479 through with It at au. v - '
For rears. In Germany, formation of
labor 'unions was absolutely prohibited.
Workers had to meet ncrtly, and In
lmminant peril of arrest. ' When tha Oer-
man covernment finally saw the worker
could not b intimidated -In thla way, it I
STuacingriy (ranted permiamton to organ- f .
lze. but under so many reetrlcUona that
anr true exnreeaion at labor's alma and I
"5re?wL toSblZ
Our forbears disputed the demands of
king, and potentate.. Rebelling agalnat
reugioua intolerance and social Injustice,
they started our first great war. It was
successful. The second great crisis of
our nation brought on the war for the
elimtnaUon pf human slcvery. ' It. too.
was successfuL Now we are at an even
B i caici viwt. no cli ii(aun wai
democraoy, liberty and Justice shall not
perish from the earth. Again we must
and we will be successfuL The time for
argument is past. The pacifist's cow-
" rvrm vu man " i
either be pro-American or pro-German ; I
pro-democracy or pro-autocracy. There
can be no falling back, no wavering. All
of us must be heart and soul for democ- I
racy and victory, or for autocracy, mill-
tarism ana siavisn euDjection.
Letters From the People
Communication tent to The Journal for pub-
HraUan in thU dDartmBt abonld be written on
inljr.ona aide of tha papar. ahould nolxceed 300
word in lcncto and muit ba ticned by the writer.
who mail addreat in full taort accompany tha
contribution. .
American Development of Dyes
Portland. July 2. To the Editor" of
The Journal We note in The Journal
of July 28 a statement that "a Mexican
ill. . vu' urn H . V ... .w I
bianxet on exmomon m a store winaow
pleased the La. Grande Observer.", which
asKS wny we cannot use oiexican ayes
in place of those we used to Import I
from Germany before the war. stating
that the colors are beautiful and they
are fadeless.
It is assumed that the observer of
these colors above referred to does not
fully realise that within the last few
years, and especially within the last 12
months, American dyehouses. through
the splendid achievements of their chem-
lets, have developed dyes that are fully
eoual to the highest arrade German dyes,
They are meeting with the approval of
the wearer and are fadeless. We doubt
very much if the so-called Mexican dyes
are anywhere near as eood or as fade-
less as the dyes now being produced In
large quantities by American dye manu-
facturers. Millions of dollars have been
invested in the development of rives bv I
Americans, and at the present time the
investment in the manufacture of dyes
will probably exceed $100,000,000. I
It had been argued before the war that
the Germans held secrets that lt was not
possible for Americans to acquire. This I
nas long since been controverted, as our
American chemists only needed the in- I
centive and the capital to develop the
finest dyes made in the world, with Xhe
quantity Increasing dally as the Indus-
try. develops in strength and power,
America need fear no shortage of her
ayes, nor for their value In strength of
coior.
PORTLAND "WOOLKN MILLS.
E. L. Thompson. Treasurer.
The Car Rider's Right Smoke
Portland. July 26. To the Editor of
The Journal At 1 o'clock this morning
a riot was nearly precipitated when a
policeman got on a special car loaded
with shipyard workers returning home
rom tne ounaation smpyara. About
u men were on tne car, ana va 01 tnem
were smoking. The policeman was go-
Ing to arrest them for smoking on their
special car. when cries of Throw him
off,"- and "Lynch him," were heard. - A
frightened look came over his face, and
he beat it for the street. . I
These shlpworkers are not allowed to
smoke .while in the yard, for fear of
lire, but as soon as they are outside
at 1 a. ra. they light their cigarettes I
ana pipes ana smoke, and. as 1 1
see lt, the oars, about eight in num-1
ber, to carry 1000 men. are specials for I
these men and they certainly have a
right to smoke on the cars if they de-1
aire. I do not smoke, but as 90 per cent
or the men do smoke, and this .la the
only time they have When going home
at 1 a. m.. I fall to see where anyone
but the workers themselves has a tight I
to object. . -A. E. PETERSON.
. . , , .
Indorses the Greenback Idea
-Portland,-July 26. To the Editor of
The Journal I have Just read the let-
ter of J. B. Byrnes of Kelso, Wash..
which I think has struck the keynote of
our rtnanciai situation. 1 wen remem-
ber, though I was a boy of only 11 years,
when the Civil war broke out. and what
a comrori ana reuei came over tne peo
ple when that child of liberty, the
greenback, was born. An Issue of $60
000,000 came forward by one stroke of a
pen in the hand of that noble patriot,
Abraham Lincoln, and saved the North
and united our people. Let us now re-
lleve the financial strain by the issue of
several billions of greenbacks and make
them good for all debts, both public and
private. This country will back the
Issue and the boys In France will re-
Joice. Let us have it at once and win
the war. B. O, GALLUP.
n ,
A Prfre for Pioneers
Portland, July 27. To the Editor of
The Journal What was the present,
and what became of It, that was to be
given, to the oldest pioneer couple at the
reunion? It was not received by the
couple nor heard of by them.
A PIONEER.
not1 y.? bP..w:rth."rr 'tLt 3 nit
not been determined wno ara entitled to ft. Ai
eoon aa thla point la aettled. tha eoupla entitled
will receive it. J
PERSONAL MENTION
R. E. Lawrence, a business man of
Marshfleld. and Mr. Lawrence are
guests at the Multnomah.
V. E. Crocker of Seattle Is at th
Washington. "
A. H- Sprague of Eugene Is at the
Multnomah.
C W. Estes of Seattle Is at the Port -
land. -
H. I. Grayson of Astoria is at the
Washington.
Robert C Dennett of New Tork is at
the Portland.
A. B. 'Hammond, the well known saw -
mill man; and Mrs. Hammond are at the
Benson.
C Beckman of St. Louis Is at the Ben
son.
T. M. Wright of Moscow is at -the Port
land.
Dr. George C Knott of Glendale, Or.
Is a guest at the imperial.
J. W. Buggless of Pasco, Waah.. is at
the Oregon,
Joseph Ehrman of San Francisco, con
nected with the Mason-Ehrman com
nany of Portland. Is at the Benson.
Colonel w. tx. v- uowen or the TJnl-
verslty of Oregon military training
mjvSaWS aa ' f - w
reStj L, reguteredathntemgencand capable race, inhabiting
W.ailiirtmi.
Mrs. H. M. Grant of Hood River is at
the Washington.
: Glen Chllds . or The Dalles Is at the
Washington.
' Germany's Future Schemes
' 4 " " From tba Hew Tork Commercial
, If this war results , in a - stalemate
and a peace that leaves Germany free
tOj press her' foreign., trade without ex
acting raw materials at her own prices,
her nationalised competition will be In
tense, but it may have results not to the
kaiser's taste.- Gervnan manufacturers
COMMENT "AND
SMALL CHANGE
heartily and maybe 'you'll feel batter a
week from today.
- - -
5" ' Prf,no""f Ouroq, but aorne
"vu' m vieaaurmDiw mrm
oTtt CCmPny eVBn wriUn
-. .- T 2 .
ahlrare removed. It Vo-t VS anr
difference to Germany. One can't do
anr more lying than one can. can one?
T lt I ,
hMj tSSiWn TJJJaLI
S?1??! thoiSX VrZ .tl'i"
cause of the detail of kitchen police duty
tuai wiui lit
Ul...
.h7na ir VViT . .1 . . . f u" rtZ1 "un"
?St r of toecou" make.TS2
corn 0 f a-t thcihelrt!
wu vunuaajni Deing mat hearing is be-
lievlng.
- nent th. t.T ..
frlend "remirk, 'Thit the best waV to
boost the nonul
commedity would be to increase the
f JLi, . . Bpreaa report that the coun-
" J awins cottage cneese shortage.
in aaiser it win h Mm.v,.i
time since expressed himself of. the opin
ion that the. Americans would not fight.
hi miHi "n;- u.Bl con"
T,. Vii,7"V "IT .I?"ur? appuea
" "w.v xurce in toe rignt place. .
JOURNAL MAN ABROAD
By Fred
I Somethlna of th hWir. f .ii
SSSST fcT'ffi , JSSi? wK 'rlt
. . - . -"
mnc9 to crtin .htt.Hn.-. rnnin.nni.
purtanant to retort hr money come tn if
'" au, ana aoea euy in any arent. j
Monte Carlo In all my life I have
never seen so many nor such large dia
monas as 1 nave seen at Monte Carlo.
The women, of evenings, wear strlnrs
of pearls and glitter of diamonds.
One diamond necklace that I saw. in ad
dltion to the diamonds that formed It,
had a pendant diamond, heart-shaped.
as large as my thumb naiL One woman
had a necklace of smoky pearls, while
her neighbor had diamond earrlnrs as
large as silver dimes. As I sat watching
tne crowd come and go I noticed on the
floor at the adjoining table a hat pin.
I picked It up. called the waiter, and
handed it to him. It had on the end a
smoky, lustrous pearl the size of a good
slaed buckshot. If lt was Imitation lt
was worth 5 franca. If it wu rmuln.
it Xs probably worth 600 francs. The
waiter bowed profoundly and backed
away, continuing to say "Merci.
Most people know of Monte Carlo
only as a world famous gambling re-
sort, it is that, but to me It is much
more. . It is one of the world's beauty
spots, and is rich In history.- This little
principality Monaco of which Monte
Carlo is the capital, is only a tiny dot
on the map, but it takes us back to the
famous Monoeci Portua, or Portus Her'
culls, of the ancients.
Passing over its first 1000 years, we
begin to find mention of lt in history
when. In 1191. Henry IV gave this
rocky outjuttlng point to the Genoese.
They bought the land to the rear of
HOW TO BE HEALTHY
By Dr. Wood natchinaoa. former Portland Phyfieias
DIET IN ACIDITY AND ACIDOSIS
...-., -
SOUr on anyone ,or nyln
b,tter na unpl"nt experience, but
less distressing than to have soniethlng
sour on you, after lt has gained access
to your interior. Life, as the chemist
sees it. Is a sort of backward and for
(ward pulsation between .two electrlo
poles, the. acid positive and the alkaline
negative, and, whUe neither can claim
to be normal rather than the other, yet
lt Is surprising now often painrui, . a is
eased or dangerous conditions are asso-
dated with the acid phase. We die, as
the pfthy old saying has It, "for want of
breath." but that air. starvation is often
mainly due to acidosis, or increasing
acidity of the blood, which poisons and
finally paralyses the breathing' center
in the medulla. Acidity of the salivary
fluids of the mouth promotes the much
bewailed decay and breakdown of our
teeth. We have all suffered the pangs
o BOUr -tomach. with Its griplngs and
heartburn, and most of us the burning
distress of excessive acidity of the urine,
at first rlance adds and acidity
WOuld seem to be always and every-
where "bad medicine." and alkalis the
universal curealls. But such a sweeping
coriCiu,ion would be most misleading.
and traders will find their profits lim
ited by Imperial taxation, and new en
terprises will not have a fair field be-
case competition at home will be prac-
tlcally eliminated. To seU at prices low
enough to control foreign markets,
wages must be kept down. Both classes
will be discontented and the best blood
left in the country will again emigrate
to countries that offer opportunities for
I advancement and where every workman
does not carry a soldier on his back.
The German government is not blind to
d.r,s-er and is therefore determined
to hold Russian provinces and fields for
exploitation In Asia so that her young
people may not migrate overseas and
be lost to the fatherland. Germans bv
birth or descent in lands across the
MM- --ye been unable or unwilling to
much for the all hlrhest in his tf-
toconauer the world but he thinks
be could do more with those under his
thumb In Russia and the near east
Hence these plans for a trade war out
side of Europe and for the empire of
Mlttel Europe at home.
Turkish Blassacres In Palestine
From tba New Tork Eveninc Port
The worst fears for tbe Jews in that
P" raiesuna iuu new ay me iur
are being reaiiieo. very meagre out
rainy convincing reports 01 orutai e-
I portatlons from the nortnern jewisn
1 colonies come iutenng tnrougn tne cen-
Itral powers' GouDie-oarreo gate ot cen-
I sorahip. Hitherto it had always teen
said that the Turks recognized a cer-
taut kinship with their Jewish subjects
f and would never persecute them as they
1 have persecuted the Armenians. But
now the fallacy of such a statement
becomes apparent. The Toung Turks
in control of the Ottoman empire are
animated by an Insane chauvinism which
drives them to exterminate all non
Turanian races within the' empire, Jews,
Greeks, Arabs, and Armenians alike.
And worst of all, the Germans, who
mUst be practicaUy in control at pres-
ent. mace no obstacle In their way,
Finally, therefore, the Germans will be
held responsible for these Jewish per
secutions. By their policy 'of playing
w'" r"!u!r:.TL?M;r
Pilate they will have aroused against
not loret n Wry.
A Humane Statesman
V From the Natknal Human Bavlew ; "
- It Is of particular Interest to those who
have long been shocked by the .frightful
and needles slaughter connected with
many national game preserves In Eu
rope that the battue-shooting at ,Ram
bouillet. France, has been discontinued
by President Raymond Polncare. . He "Is
crefllted with giving as his rr on for
N EWS IN ; BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
The Heppner Herald is to have' a blg-
Ser and better plant than ever, to take
lerjlace of the one recently destroyed
Although ' there have been many re
jections of drafted men at Camp Lewis
recently, the Gold Beach Reporter is
proud to state that . no Curry county
boys have been turned back, so far.
Clerk Carl Lnhart of - Corvallls. the
Courier says. Is doing his part in the hay
fields at Frank Whitaker's farm, the
other clerks volunteering to work over
time in order that Carl may be released
for the farm labor emergency.
More cherries and wild blackberries
nave been canned In Washington county
this year than for many years last cast.
the llUlaboro Argus says. Both crops
have been splendid, and the Royal Annas
were a bumper yield. The blackberry
crop was more than plentiful, and many
from tbe towns made trtpa to the hills to
gather this much sought for berry for
canning.
One of the light spots amid the gloom
of those who essay to supply the mar
kets with eggs is thus Indicated by the
Aurora Observer's Macksburg corre
spondent: "Now is the poultry-raise r'a
golden time. With eggs selling at the
normal winter price and the newly
rearjed . fields affordlnr the feathered
tribes all the food that they require, the
burden of poultry feeding is for the
time removed, allowing an undiminished
gain.
Lockley
the rocky height along the shore, then
owned by the Saint Pons monastery or
comprised In the villages of La Turble
and PelUe. Te guard their holdings
they built a stronghold In 1245. During
the fourteenth century a family called
the Grimaldl was banished from Genoa.
They settled at Monaco. They were
skilled mariners and shrewd traders,
and soon, through shipping and trad
ing, became wealthy. By the begin
nlng of the fifteenth century the Grim
aldl were independent. They assumed
the title of sovereigns of Monaco and
made treaties, in 1421. 1424. 1438 and
In 1475, with Milan and Genoa. Charles
I. Duke of Savole. In 149 gave to urn
bert Grimaldl a charter declaring
Monaco free of obedience to any earthly
sovereign. A few years later, in 1512.
Louis XII of France acknowledged Us
Independence, proclaiming it a sover
eign state that depended alone "upon
God and the sword." Later Its Inde
pendence was protected by Italy. Still
later, due to changes on the political
chessboard of Europe, it was under the
Spanish protectorate from the reign of
Charles V of Spain until 1642. But
Spain had no power to interfere with
the government of the prindpallty of
Monaco. StIU later France took tt over,
but under the treaty of Peronne recog
nised its sovereignty.
During the French revolution Monaco
saw troublous days, but in the treaty
of April 20, 1814. the prindpaHty was
restored to its former rulers, the Grim
aldl. In 1817 a new treaty with Victor
Km an u el I of Italy restored the old
status of the treaty of Peronne, so that
for centuries this tiny Independent state
has retained its sovereignty.
and. while our knowledge of acidity and
acidosis, is still vague and in the mak
ing, yet it is well to remind ourselves
that acid conditions are produced by
such . scores of different causes, . mean
such totally different things and are
so often healthful and natural. . that
merely to say that such and such a per
son has acidosis or an add tendency
gives very little due to his actual con
dition, or the steps necessary to rem
edy It.
For Instance, acidity of the fluids of
the mouth often is due to fermentation
of the starches and sugars of the food
left between the teeth, and its best cure
is the tooth brush, freely and regularly
applied, with or without a dental paste
or wuh. Whether this latter be acid
or alkaline matters little, except that
alkalis, which are great soap makers,
like soda and potash (lye), are more
"cleansing" In the sense that they more
readily dissolve djrt and wastes, par
ticularly if mixed with oily or greasy
substances. Indeed, many dentists now
prefer mildly acid dentifrices or mouth
washes and advise ending a meal with
an apple or other firm fleshed acid fruit.
Tomorrow: Diet In Acidity and Aci
dosis (No. 2).
this departure from precedent that he Is
a lover of dumb creatures and considers
that pheasants, hares and rabbits at
Ramboulllet have the same right to live
in peace that domestic animals possess.
To the American mind the shooting of
semi-tame deer, driven in panic past a
battery of sporting rifles, or the de
struction of thousands of hares leaping
madly against a net. Is lacking In the
spirit of fairness Which even most sports
men demand for their quarry. Humani
tarians have always condemned the
whole wretched business and this splen
did example set by President Polncare
shows that he possesses moral courage
of the highest order as well as humanity
In a very large degree. Jt will certainly
increase the universal respect and admi
ration which Is being shown him because
of his strong and manly personality.
Autolsts Who Cause Accidents
From the Salem. Capital Journal
Making the run from Portland to As
toria In a little more than four hours Is
the auto record of a Portland man. Since
he made the trip without accident he la
receiving ' considerable praise, but bad
he run Into some other machine or ve
hicle, or gone over the grade In his ef
fort to beat-time, the story would have
been different. It is Just such "record
makers' who. cause- accidents and who
are arraying all America Into two
classes tha sooner or later wUl clash.
The two are those who own autos and
those who do not Utter disregard of
the rights of the latter by a few of tbe
former Is bound to make trouble.
Nothing Toe Base for Germany
from, tha Saa rranclaco Chronicle
There is nothing new for Germany in
the attempt to .'undermine American
army morale by -circulating stories in
volving the honor tf soldiers' , wives.
Before : the .Italian reverse - Germany
kept tip a . systematic correspondence
with Italian soldiers at the front the
purpose of which -was to cause deser
tions by- stories of Infidelity. : A soldier
would get a letter- purporting to have
been signed by a man In his ' home
town "and Informing: him of his wlfa'a
alleged misconduct. Names and other
details were given with .such a showing
of truth the poor fellow could scarcely
help believing .the - story. The . German
reputation- for thoroughness was not
obtained without ample evidence. There
is nothing, to which it will not stoop,
rj HowHanw Congressmen Could ?
'"'..-.." From; the Washington Star -' '
V "Do, you ' know all the words of .The
Star Spangled Banner?"' ' '- -
v "No," admitted Senator- Sofghumr "I
doubt- if -1- could repeat the Ten Com
mandments accurately, either. But that
fact does not prevent me from having
the deepest reppect f-r tv
Ragtag and Bobtail ;V?!
Stories From Everywhere
- 44 Boy, pae Mr. Aninlag- : "
JIM MANN, was on his way back from v
the conversation of tha conni n th-uA. -
tioh light behind him. They looked like I
ucwiy mirriM roika, but were not on i
ieir noneymoon. as Mann learned by
deductions, The woman laid down a
newspaper she had been reading and said '
' nuaoauta : , . t v
t.Jf Tou,.knowv 1 wish X had one of
these affinities. Oh. 1 think it w. :
Just grand to sit on a rock with some
body and have him rave about th. t- -
comparable golden color of my. hair and y
my eyes were the most beau-
tlrul in the world, and"
IYn:hn.h,,a the bnJ. yawning.
A Jv111 Uct Jlk en my .
Cheeks had been painted there by the
angels, and that he couldn't live without
me. O-oh. I think an affinity "like that
would be"
"Tlan't an affinity you want." Inter- :
rupted her husband. "What you seem to
want is a plain, old-fashioned liar'
Before the Days of Hoover
The late Bishop Dudley of Kentucky
used to relate with much relish an araus
tag experience that he once had In
connection with waffles, says Youth's
Companion. At a fine old Virginia
homestead, where he was a frequent
guest,- the waffles were always re
markably good.
- One morning, as' breakfast drew near
an end. the tidy little linen-coated black
boy who served at table approached
the bishop and asked In a low voice:
"Bishop, won't y have 'n'er waffle?" -"
"Yea." said the genial bishop, "I be
lieve i win."
' "Day aln" no mo'." said the boy.
"Well," exclaimed the surprised gen
tleman. "If there aren't any more waf-
fles. what made you ask me If I wanted
another oner
"Bishop" exclaimed tha W
done et Un already, and I fought yah
wouldn't want no mo' 1"
A Complex Sentence V
A -teacher was grading some manu
scripts from a pupils examination. One
of the questions asked ran like this 1
"Define and give an example of a com
plex compound sentence." In answering
4uWion. one pupu gave the follow
ing sentence as an example:
"The only saw that I ever saw saw
was a busssaw down In Arkansaw " ,
Tne teacher is under the impression '
that the anawej was somewhat complex.
Soldiers Toasts
Some soldiers gave a dinner for two
visitors at camp, members of a famous
Canadian regiment,, who were home on
sick. leave, says the Chicago Tribune. -The
sergeant had been carefully coached
about giving the toast, and became flus- '
tared, and this Is what be made of It:
"Here's to the gallant Eighth, last
on the field and first to leave IC"
Silence reigned, then the corporal came
gallantly to the rescue:
"Gentlemen." he began, "you must ex
cuse the sergeant; he never could give
a toast decently; be Isn't used to public
peaking. Now 111 give a toast : Here's
to the gallant Eighth, equal to none." -
The Woman Folk
MATRIMONY
Th tm of th iim bow woman baa played H i
Tbo downfall of ai and woman bT nude it I
A battl of brain and tha women have fouht kl ,
A "bargain" in aaina asd the women bare
boucba it I
A problem In rule and tha woman bare dam tt!
Tba create of acboola and tba women bar
ma Ut
1 PReien! iiTEsrrr
Oh, where ara yon coin-, my pretty maid?" .
waa tba quaatioa ba boldly aSoha. '
And eoikd with (1m at the Uiat aa atatd. waa
replied to tba eld. eld -Jokei
I am loins te rranee where tba ftalda roa red
with tha blood -of the fallea brave,
Ta render rach aid aa may come, by ebeaee. aad
endeavor ta ittccor and aava;
I'm a Ked Cro Um. and I'm . on my way, a -
aund aide with yosr Jokae today.
And when from tboee erimaoa laada 1 eoma 19
. take the time to enjoy your funl"
And tbe mala coquette in hi new prln- nit let t
the maiden pa, with a Breve aetata
BUT BE CABfirtL vfHOSX FEKT :
"Fonr feet on a fender ara home," eomeene mid.
And no doubt be wa wiaa In hi way;
But I fancy 'I were better a poteript had read:
"PiA tba feet with care eomo will etrayi"
uraee ..
Uncle Jeff Snow Says:
I don't reckon tbe trouble that Gov
ernor Wlthycombe and his statesmen is
up agin In try In' to stretch a three-million-dollar
blanket over S4.000.000 worth
of useless and otherwise officeholders
can be solved so easy as It looks, but if I
was in his boots I b'leve I'd ask a Whole
lot of the officials to resign and then
wouldn't app'lnt nobody in their places;
and what with lettln' out some of the.
young convicts to enlist In the army and
havln' the bugs In the bug houses turned
out to work on the farm, and so on, X
would git by Inside the limits set by law.'
However, thank the good Lord, I never
was considered no statesman, and so
don't have no worries .like Governor
Wlthycombe and Secretary Kay. and
others.
Olden Oregon
First Laws of Oregon Ordained With
out Any Lawyer's Aid.
There was not only no law but there
were no law books In Oregon when the
pioneers organised their government.
The very first act to provide for laws
rules of action adopted by the legislative
committee in 1(44 shows the extreme
care and wisdom of the men of slight
education In laying down rules , to bind
themselves and their neighbors. ' It was
provided "that all the statute -law ef
Iowa territory passed at the first session
of the legislative assembly of said terri
tory and not of a local character and -not
Incompatible with the condition and
circumstances of the country, shalt be
the law of the government unless other
wise modified! and the common law of
England and principles of equity . aot
modified by the statutes of Iowa or of
this government and- not .incompatible
with its principles shall const! tote a
part of the law of the jand," The first
declaration of the law -was prepared by
what . was called the legislative com
mittee." appointed by a public meeting
of settlers at Charapoeg. May 2, If 41.
It is notable that there was not a lawyer
cn the commutes. .. . . ' ... y .... ' . '
Journal Journey
- ..
Union and Wallowa Counties Espec
.-. e dally Attractive to. Anglers, ..f
Union county Is a splendid, place for
a' vacation. There are Hot Lake and
Medical Springs, two well known' health
resorts. 'Within the encircling mountains
lies Grand Ronde- valley,- of - which La
Grande is tbe metropolis. , A picturesque "
district Is the , country about Cove.
Throughout the county !s good fishlna.
especially in tbe Grand Ronde, Wallowa "
and Minam rivers and, la Ladd creek,
Catherine creek and the streams around -Mount
Emily and In the Wallowa dis
trict. Hunting Is also rod In the rough
country et the head of Wallowa lake
as well as tn the Eagle mountains. In
the fertile -valley of the Grand Ronde
there ere 00 etraare tnllee nf agricul
tural land,- and in all directions ar
teed prosperous arms,-with wheat, cats
and alfalfa crops, and. orchards of va
rious, fruits. ' '. . ' ' ... ,
,For further information regarding
routes, ratesv time; schedules and other
details call -on or address -"Travel Bu
reau. Journal Business Office." Infor- "
mat ion free. '
A