a - : . . " - ' ; . , THS -OREGON DAILYJOURNAL. PORTLAND, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 21. X918. - ; ' . - ;
I , , , ., I ... .Ill, M I I , I , ' - - ' I I
' v ' DIDEPE!DEBIT yiWIFAPCT
O. S. JACKSON...
, . . . Publisher
e-ububed rrwrj 4a r. eiternooci aa aeorning e-
nopi Kuadar XuntM) e xaw -awMaw, ZZa
hi. isroauway and smWU seeia.
! Untered at the postofMee at Portland. Or., for
mubWw UltuubB ux buuj ee ew-
Dutuar. .
"f
I'a.lhrHU.'t aisin 111 Mi ; Hee. .."rj'
AU- daverisaenU reached or "-"-r
tsli, Uie oveiaior iUt deparUsent yoa want.
I H.-jeaHn sienunor Co., TtrS:
Site jrntli eve., fcfw v
IT buudinfl, Cbieeta. -
i
ess in
I-. -1
Subaeriiitiua terms b mail, or to an
Mm I ansa) states or "" ' , , n;m
a fea.7. , . , , .00 IOM MMU...til .!
I Una lauBLh . . . . . B .BO
m1uV
o r. ( i i mftvtth. - - - . B 2 B
UeiME Yii6kiG ok aftkknoon) and
foe rear 7. BO I Una month
Dm rM
Orie jeer. .
2 Terror to not aim? the effect of fore
1 and a ermiwsnt is not a aictory. , , .
Edmund Bark
A MIGHTY STRUGGLE
fr
i
rjcUAI TUC CDCPTAn C ! io perpetrate men raorauuw
OCrllJLlJ 1 rJC orCL A W-vl-C- .-- r'nhthfsitf't Would" that be econ-
SIXTEEN hundred carload of shipbuilding timber .-must b snipped lnr omyT, Would it be efficiency, v
the shortest possible time from the mills of Oregon end Washington As matters stand we waste a large
to shipyard en the Gulf and AtlantJe eoaaU. extending from Texas part of the best jears of our eWj
to Maine 5 . ' dren teaching them our wasteful
. : Tht shipnienu will be sent n 49 traina of about 5B ears each and will rnetho4 of spelling. After the war
have priority-over all other traffic. This extraordinary movement of lum- ffe wiU be an insistent call lor
ber is the result of the failure of the Southern Pirve association to flit its efficiency and economy aU round the
,k- circle. Probably the monstrosities' of
u- is . .o.k.ht. v, f ,. ,,in china ara not spelling will feel the errect or me
being given Northwest builders.. The contracts have gone to Atlantic and change, the same as other monstros-
Culf builders who, as passing events show, have not the materials """i .
which to build the ships, And all contracts so given are withheld from
the Northwest builders who, as passing events show, have the materials
with which to build the vessels. Could a situation be more unusual!
The world Is on tiptoe with expec
tation of the coming German drive
i
I
TIE strong fight in congress for
permanent operation of the rail
roads by the government is no
surprise.
-
r Information from Washlniton is
Ihat belief is widespread that the
ip.es will never return to private
(ownership. Before any suoh decision
s finally reached, however, the
storm of disoussion now raging at
the national capital will be trifling
A 1 comparison with the hurricane
if debate that will shake the
;ountry.
Pn the one side there is the tre
tnendous question, if the private
nanagers of the lines were incom-
4 tent for the task in war time, are
hey competent in peace time?
On the other side there are the
Jghty influences of wealth and
ower that will resist permanent
atlonallzatlon of the lines. There,
Coy example, are the big financial in
stitutions that have profited so
itavily' In easy money through the
underwriting and manipulation of the
'loancea of railroads. In one trans
lation of minor Importance In the
base Of the Ntw Haven, f 12,000,000
svas pocketed by a single great
anting house in Wall street.
On the floor of the senate yester
day, Senator Johnson of California
declared that approximately 50 per
nt 01 me louo. securities or tne
allroads are Inflations,. made out of
othing. It Is of some moment when
senator of the United States stands
rl on the floor of the chamber and
tnakes a statement so definite nd
f 0 sweeping. It is not the utterance
$f',a soap box orator, but that of a
(lgh official in one of the three
eoordinate branches of the American
government.
' 'The senator's statement means that
literal billions of Illegitimate securl-
; ties made by a printing press, and
rubber stamped with the power of
JVall street banks, have been con
Terted into a railroad asset on which
th4 American people are forced to
; fiay dividends and out of which
the manipulators have made immense
fortunes and on which they are to
draw profits for all time .to come.
All this great Influence will op
" poae government operation. More to
V the point, these interests will , do
all they can to render unsuccessful
the operation of the lines as a war
- measure. They will not wish to see
. th present experiment successful
because of the effect success would
hae on the great Issue of permanent
: government operation.
Allied with this group of opponents
will be many newspapers, magazines
; and .other publications as well 'as
pofltlcians and publlo officials, such
' as are always closely Identified with
, th4 big Interests. A propaganda will.
v In due time, be set tn motion that
wljl permeate the public prints and
Df delivered wit;h, pompous ponderos
Ity, in legislative halls.
-Think of the temptation it will 'he
to' big railroad officials to have the
. present x experiment tn government
operation end in failure. They draw
immense salaries. Allied with them
t err' big lawyers, who also draw
huge salaries. , There ara also men
ofrboth types who are drawing very
' large' pensions frem the roads.
' v 'It .Is more than human to expect
" any of these gentlemen, no matter
how honest, to desire the present
experiment in government' control
to be successful. There are thousands
of them who would be eliminated
entirely by publio ownership. The
. - sums annually paid these men run far
. Into tens of millions, and it is a rich
prise to fight for.
Their power. to fight is enormous
They are a huge railroad machine.
- permeating, publlo bodies, having
social and business relations among
' people entirely removed from " rail-
; , road connections,' and literally pen
etratlng to every -city and -consider-
: able,-town in America.
, The power of such 'a machine is
almost unlimited, and if It is not
exercised to stealthily : circumvent
the purposes , and, policies r ot the
director general In the publle opera
, lion of the lines, then human nature
The South and BasVwer. not prepared to build these ships. They - flmT
1 I V. : i Mi-Hiws,. v -
The Pacifle Northwest was prepared to build them. It had the mlli. w c0ttM W'"i "T "' ZZ
had the forests, had the lumber. But the southern and eastern yards have ; H1UI ' . e' K " Xln,
the contracts. - - . . icaa Preparations. But the chances
After being denied the eontracts, Ihe Northwest is called upon to furnish r f1' alu&J
th inmhoi. ih. Bftt,0 ant ot.m voHa sirteen himrtwri Mrs rB toWey have made immense prepara-
hA BhtnneH ' Pnrtv-ttJ-rffrafna ,r. in hv Hht rf wov avop nil ftthw traffic tlOnS for the Spring OTlVe DUl SO
a hnrion u thriiot nnnn th nirnnrtv nvrhnrienpH raiiroarta in order have the French and British. Theat-
that souUiern and eastern mills may have contracts that Northwest ship- lac vm oe irenieuuuua uu. iu uo
yards eould have filled without adding one scintilla fo the burden of the fense will be equal to- it lis ne
rail lines. The ships when built in the Northwest, would have floated . passeront pas. They won't get past.
around to the Atlantic if that was to be their destination, and, have made a
profit,, in. the process, besides carrying eastward wheat or flour or other
freight and thereby have taken other burdens' off the railroads.
The spectacle actually raises the question of why not move the eastern
and Gulf shipyards to the material rather than move the material across a
continent to the shipyards. Might it not be the more feasible plan?
It seems almost incredible that the Northwest is not given the chance to
build these wooden ships. How can you account for ItT Is there an idea
in Washington that this is a region of savages or South Sea Islanders,, or
Eskimos? Was it the belief of those former heads of the federal shipbuild
ing business that this is a wilderness, a waste, a region of wild men and
wilder women? Else why were wood 6hip contracts given to southern
and eastern yards ,wh1ch had no material, and not given to the Northwest,
which has the material and must now furnish it by a rail haul at stu
pendous cost and infinite trouble to southern and eastern yards for filling
their contracts?
This shipbuilding belonged by right to the Pacifle Northwest
"It does beat the deuce," T. Paer
grumbled, "that a felah can't say
nothing without saying something to
make some fellah hollar like everything-."
"What's the matter now"? Ma asked
solicitously. "I keep telling you to
keep your trap shut or you'll get your
foot caught in it, but it don't do any
good."
Things In Frisco," T. Paer ex
plained,' "ain't like they are in Port-
The i land. Down there If you step on the
,iiif.ni nf ... ... th. .h,., ik.i i, k.iArrfH : Boss Printer's toes the Typographical
V. It W W NkL.IJI 1 I J . , ... ..... ' J
where was the height of unreason, and unbuslness.
Perhaps it is our own fault. Probably we of the Northwest are not
40 loopholes In them for the - protection
of buyers. : 3 ;' -
An acaualntanca ot mine coniraciea
his potatoes to a speculator at 91.60 per
sack and went to the trouble to sacx
them up. He U bow emptying the sacks
and feeding the potatoes to the hogs.
We who have watched the onion game
lor years know that whenever Califor
nia has a bis; crop we Oregon growers
cannot run fast enough to undersell.
We have seen the California price on
onions slashed to 10 cents a sack on the
Sacramento river levees.
We are not victims of anybody's shell
game. Wre are victims or over-proauc-
tioH. pure and simple. While this war
lasts' the patriotic thing (or us to do
is to produce too much rather than too
little, but after it ts over we farmers
will be a lot of chumps, sure enough.
if we do not enter Into a nation-wide
organisation for the regulation of pro
duction. If this is handled right, and
production is kept down to the mini
mum of requirements, ' the question of
COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF
SMALL CHANGS
The east wind doth blow, and we shall
have rain later on.
"
In the best of reem1a.td hnmu tha
best behaved child la lh nn, that's
asleep.
The most a fellow can "truthfully claim
to know about the Russian situation Is
nothing.
"Economy makes happy homes and
sound nations. InstUl it deep." George
Washington.
The price of w'ar Savings Stamps will
advance I cent March L Be thrifty.
Invest now.
America's first "birds of war" are
blnK sent to France four menths ahead
u Kiinute. lol SO Daa, is It:
We know of some arm-chair strate-
. . , - - .--' Dunr wunueriui means
farmers getting a fair return for their I or financing the war were they not kept
T. PAER TALKS OF
UNION LABEL
By Ralph Watson
union hollers like you'd
finger in its sore eye."t
"Who told you"? Ma asked.
George Howell," T. Paer said
"The
aggressive enough. We had the materials. We had the item of least cost I tteHaSck 1
uttcjv ui ua. vyo nau inc lack luai uie biiijts sum Here wouia iiuat, rnaybe they was a rat shop because
wherever they were wanted and save vast timber shipments by rail. We they didn't put the union label on the
had everything on our side and it must have been our lack of aggressiveness , tickets the Portland Railway. U&ht &
I l u ci t,viuyauj bu .
for it."
"They can't put you in Jail for It,
can they"? Ma asked, anxiously.
"No," T. Paer answered, "but the
San Francisco union says Hancock
Bros.' feelings are hurt ; because they
ain't any rat shop. The union says
that lost us these contracts and lost the Northwest a mighty industry.
Happily, the new men at the head of federal shipbuilding seem to pos
sess a better sense of proportion, greater practicality and larger-Intelligence,
and. like things may not happen again.
Is not what It always- has been,
and the milennlum is close at hand.
The war moves against Russia are
pot difficult to understand. Hinden
burg and Ludendorf think It wise to
bring a little pressure to bear on
Trotsky in order to give him. a plaus
ible pretext for coming to their
terms. Were he to yield without any
show of resistance his Bolshevist
brethren might throw him overboard.
Evidently the kaiser Is going to get
what he wants so far as Trotsky
can give to him. No doubt Trotsky
also gets what he wants. The cyn
ics who Judged him harshly from
the outset seem Just now to bate
udged him truly.
SENATOn CnAMBERLAXN
T IS hot too mach to say that all
America watches at the bedside of
Senator Chamberlain.
The universal hope Is (hat the
surgeon's knife may have perma
nently removed his malady and that
there may' be a speedy restoration
to his wonted vigor. There la po
member of the senate whose power
to serve his country is more widely
acknowledged. No senator Is i the
ebjeet of greater confidence or cap
able of exercising greater Influence.
If there, are those who disagreed
with him In his late controversy over
the military system of America, there
Is the known fact that he acted on
his conscience, and that his guiding
thought was the efficiency of the
army and the welfare of the country.
Then there Is the further thought
that the controversy Is now past his
tory and Senator Chamberlain, a de
voted and tireless supporter of the
administration in all Its alms and ef
forts.
Tens of thousands of friends tn
Oregon will keep ceaseless vigil on
the bulletins from Providence hos
pital, where Senator Chamberlain is
struggling for recovery. May their
vlfdlanoe be rewarded with that
happy outcome to which their fer
vent hopes silently ellngl
dear that the poor .would starve,
Congress reasoned that soma restric- Hancock Bros always put the union
tion had to be applied, both to pre- . ,nw tha ha th- work oon. ord.r-
vent wneat gamblers from combin- n left off.'
Ing to beat down the price at har
vest time and advancing it to extor
tionate figures when the crop had
passed out of the producer's hands.
Senator Gore offers an amendment
to the food bill raising the legal
price of wheat to 2.) per bushel.
It Is the fact that substitutes, such
as corn meal-and rye, are actually
dearer than wheat flour in many
places. This should not be. There is
no excuse for the more serviceable
wheat to be cheaper than the substi
tutes which armies do not use.
There are those who claim that
the bftkfir s loaf Is dear enough now ordered it left off the tickets it had
to correspond to S2.50 wheat. It is printed."
notineahl that nn.rt.inna h,..,4 t I "It looks-like it." T. Paer eonoeded.
r., ' V' .v: . , - : "unless the union's ail balled up on the
.cu. auuj, uubu UilUKU 1UU Uit3 , f aCt
white, are more and mora rdnrvd i
m.nPK h" been n)aterIally eut U r r
nrimin mo lost lew wbckb. Ion to a unlohV'
It Is conceived that regulation of ! "M" t- Paw suggested, -the
.11 nrl I. t i , airwicar comuauy umu l warn 10 mane
... "io mucslii. ly Tom Mcousker mad. Every time he
ne exactly Just in regulating a few , sees a union label his eyes turn pink.'
"What did the letter say"? Ma asked.
"It wrote," T. Paer explained, "that
nobody in Frisco could holler because
anybody in Portland hollered about the
Portland Railway, Light A Power com
pany sending its tickets down to Frisco
to be printed."
"I should say not," Ma Interjected,
"all the Portland printers that have
to pay 6 -cent fares ought to get a
chance to print the tickets they have
to pay for."
"That's what the San Francisco
union says," T. Paer continued, "but
it says Hancock Bros, is a union shop."
"Well." Ma deduced, "if It always
puts the label on unless It gets orders
to keep it off. then the Portland Rail
way, .mgnt dt i ower company musta
our greatest public utility.
Potatoes are almost a drug on the
market. Use of them as food would
seem to be a first class means of
conservation. But not with a micro
scope oould a food administrator
note any Increase In portions served
or diminution in the price over
those that obtained when the po
tato price wis at high war levels
The hotels and restaurants need
friendly counsel from the food ad
ministration.
PRICK FIXING
I
"What difference would it make if
Mr. McCusker did get mad"? Ma asked.
"He ain't in the printing business.
"Well," T. Paer explained, the corn-
things is difficult. It will, moreover.
be impossibe to satisfy all.
But food administrators great and
small should watch for and eheek!Pn7 cot to play both ends against
manipulations. The food supply is i 010 middle m this 6 -cent rare business.
'It's got to make the union boys
think it is pulling for them so they
LOOK, look. Is not this Mayor Hi won't holler too much about the 6
Gill? What can be the matter with ce,nt far'" T' aer diagrammed, "and
K I a-M rrV, A . . nas isv iticvAo a uui awivi i0 ;isv-a
.i.iu. uc puui man ,s aeaa. ne was think it's Just camouflaging the other
On his way to another term nf side so thev won't swell un and nuit
office when a wave of popular com-' p88111 resolutions telling how bad
. . th nAmna n v vtskswii sin (npaa slas
mon sense met nim and drowned i " " ' -----
"l should tnink that would a nqrd
Job," Ms said, musingly. "Somebody
will get onto the game some day."
"Oh. I don't know." T. Paer replied ;
"If it can get away with the S-oent
business it can put most anything
across. But there was one thing the
letter said that was all right."
"What was that?" Ma asked.
"It said It wasn't kicking about any
spirit of home Industry that might be
found in Portland," T. Paer answered.
well adapted to their particular . wlth such a spirit down in Frisco."
needs. No doubt they will do more' "Well," Ma said; "it appears to me
for it in the next year or two. As tnat we need ail th sympathy we can
long as the war continues the air- Bet Ior our Tirit or nome
,,, , . l"c tt" , no matter where it comes from."
viui wiu naraiy snow wnat it can
IS hours a day, efforts will be easier of
solution.
During the past year also,' the cease-,
less cry that mil the foodstuffs would be
needed to win the war caused most of
us to think that our products would be
in demand at fair prices throughout the
season, but the dumping out of about
half of all that we have produced, ex
cept wheat and meat, convinces us that
the resources of the country are many
times greater than , most people
imagine.
I have noted too, that some of your
urban correspondents have tried, in
recent issues of The Journal, to create
the impression that it is high treason
tor a farmer to hold any of his crops
a moment after they are harvested.
Anyone with even a modicum of brains
would know that these products cannot
all be sold to the consumers in a day ;
so by this line of reasoning we are to
presume that it is the city man's prerog
ative to do all the speculating while
the farmer does ail the drudging. .
H. E. HARBISON.
Net Income and Exemptions
Frances, Wash., Feb. 19 To the
Editor of The Journal A- big argument
is on, here, because nobody here under
stands the lawyer's talk you' had in
your last Sunday's issue about income
tax statements. Tell me plainly, what
is a "net income," and what " dees
"exemption" mean?
ERNEST W. METER.
Foa&iely the inquirer haa foun4 difficulty
with thia statement of Collector Miller: " Tbr
Mem to be an impression that the normal tax
applies to Uiia income of 91000 or 92900.
nereaa such luma are Ute exempUoa, and tbe
tax appaes only to tbe amount of income re
eeired in excels of tbeae exemptions. 'i'Ue tax
is 2 per cent on the exoesa amount
If tha reader has firmly fixed in his mind the
prepossession that Mr. Wilier seeks in, this
paragraph to remote and does remove the
statement seems Tague and meaningless. Let it.
then, be restated; What U. aluler aays is that
if one's income (if single) is alOOO. or (if
married) XU.000. his income is exempt from
taxation. In other words, one pays ne tax
unless income is above those respective sums.
go much for this exemptioa. Besides it. there
are other exemptions items in one's income
that are enUUed to be deducted in determining.
first, whether one's net Income ia eQual to or
greater than flUUO or 12000. and, secoad. If
greater, bow much greater it' la, This list
af exemptions is too voluminous for reproduc
tion an this page, but any ban would doubUees
furnish for in&pecUoa such ttfct for the In
quirer's Information. "Net income, for iaeoma
tax purposes, signifies tbe amount ieit alter
deducting all those items classed as exemptions.
emons which, just for example, are: Necessary
expenses ef carrying on a business or txaae not
Including personal, family of unng expeasesi ;
Interest paid on - inaebtedness (vntn certain iub,
taUoaa) ; taxes paid (with certain lioiutioaa)
these and numerous others. J
A Freight Rate Complaint
Medford, Or.. Feb. 10. To the Editor
of The Journal- One uncrated buggy,
weight 410 pounds, which measured 48
inches high and 7S tncnes long, was
shipped from Canary. Lane county, to
Medford. Or.. S0 miles. - Tne souinern
Paclfio company charged, with the oop
sent of the interstate commerce commis
sion. S22.68 freight, and the publlo serv
ice commission of Oregon says it is do
ing ail it caa consistently to bring about
lust, reasonable and not unjusuy a is
p.rtmatorv charges. While the above
freieht charges sound like railroad rob-
berv to the common people, they do not
seero to have any effect to get aotion by
the Oregon commission.
E. C. STANWOOD
fib publlo service commission has received
several letters from E. O. Stanwood of Med
ford making a eomplaint Minat the Southern
t i. ; i a fn. K.t t h eanaidan an ex-
e estiva freight eJaarta w llliYI,d ,JF
Canary. 1n county, to Medford. The freight
n u sua. AS. The commission made aa In-
f VbBiSy PlnaT t of the way of the
There is some aatiRfntinn tm Ktimin
that the wind that swirls- and whirls
uunu vta wrepiace is Dut alter ali moan
ing a requiem for winter.
We' do not pretend to fathom tv.. m..
ehology of the thing, but the fact re
mains that, as a general rule, nine of
the first eleven oersona to
streetcar will sit on the same side of the
usr.
One Job we do not want during the
winter months Is that of the streetcar
man who stands atop the temporary
viaaucr, over ine railroad tracks at
Thirty-seventh street and wig-wass
- ttv lfc 1 1
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
ni'a vstsra hivs woted to Indorse
m HihmiHMl ttv UT laWV-ef tl7.!40 for
118. which the Press halia aa "another
victory for the spirit, of Bend..
The caterpillar bought by Sherman
Mimtv fft, wArk nn tna .roads has ar
rived and is ready for the road making
season to begin. A large road graaer
ordered at tne same urns nas waw
use near Wasco, by norse power..
Nntwul ia hlisier It would Seem. With
the organising of Home Ouard cm-
Ih than tha naanls of Gilliam
county, Arlington and Marvin e are m
latest Home Guard towns. There
doings in the Boy Bcout une, too.
Wiia a-ww4 iJi) itm la frem the
Weston Leader of February lb. ne
Reed and Hawley mountaineers cavm
down 16 strong the other day and
worked all day on the Pine creek grade,
which had become almost impassable,'
Th TTnrrlBhlirir ttnlfattn Is reoelVlnK
eeples of the platforms upon which the
various candidates stand, and thereupon
it remarks: "If some of these fellows
will arlnnt 'a bridare at Harrisburg as
their platform. South Linn, North Lane
and the traveling public will be tickled
to death to mount upon it.
In his farewell issue of the Union
Knent. Editor Flovd Maxwell says:
wwh tha Avit Mf on naner the town
will be as well and probably better
represented than It was before. With
the exit of both it would be a byword
nHrh tha nrnnla and a slsnPOSt along
the road, otherwise wiped from the map
of Oregon. There Is absolutely nothing
so necessary to a town as a wen organ
ised newspaper.
Ragtag and -Bobtail
Stories From Everywhere
Brsorjed Too Soon
A FARMER took a plowshare to the
bl&.r.k Am If hM tn K. .k,rnnul uv.
the Washington Star, and wUe the
blacksmith worked the fanner chuckled
ana bragged about a sale of hogs he had
Just made.
"Them hoars was onl a!pht "tnontha
old." he said, "and none too fat. nuther ;
but I eea that the .buyer was at his
' emu, na oy skuiiiui jugglin a
boosted up the prioe on him Just 100 per
cent. Yes, by gum, I got three times
more for them hogs than I uster get
before the war.
The plowshare' being done, the farmer
handed the smith 60 cents.
Hold on." said the smith. T charge
II. aO for that Job bow."
roil scandalous rascal 1" yelled the
farmer. "What do you mean by treb-
lln' your price on me? What hve you
dose it for?"
I've done it," said the blacksmith.
"so's 111 be able to eat some of that
high-prloed pork of yours this winter."
Contiguous
Irate Father Jack is a close young
man, Isn't he?
Sweet Thing Why, father, how do you
know?
J.OURNAL MAN ABROAD
I?y Fred liockley
.,..Hnn end found that tha buggy bad
i..?".er: "Vf, ?-r"e?nhh,b cream. It is no longer allowed
HKJSk m IS VV vsmgws -- -
as the first class rate. The first olass rate waa
en.10 per hundred, ana ni , , ii
him. Will there ever be another
suoh wave? Perhaps, bat not soon.
Common sense is the like angel's visit.
AIRPLANES AND SPELLING
VARIED uses are prophesied for
the airplane after the war. Mili
tary geniuses have perfected it
awaugiy since tney round it so
ao ror iraae ana transportation. It
must stay with the troops and defend
threatened cities.
But when peace comes, as it will
some day, the airplane will take an
Important place in the world's busi
ness. A writer in Collier's oredicts
that one main use of it will be to
carry fast mails. He, inclines to be-
"Why?" T, Paer asked, eurtous in his
turn.
"Because," Ma concluded, "our spirit
of home Industry Is about as chipper
as a chicken ' with the pip."
Letters From the People
, .wa . U . h,rMi. In reiauon to
I. . .i ' ..I-. . rnmmisidonr MUler of
tlia publle service commission has replied., ims
classiiicaUon complained of is in use in the
entire part- of tne uniiea oiaies u
Mississippi river and to in use by aU railroads
in that urritory. It to on file with the tnter
stata eommeree aommlaaten and used by them
and aa tile with every ather state admission
In the west. On light and bulky arttoiee, the
apeoe .rupied by them to taken a. the baato
al tna enarga. o I j .
eommoditiea were used the weight aasigned i to
artlolea of bulky natore would be about that
wbioh applieato apace used by the heavy
erttela."!
The Super-Butcher -Portland
Feb, 20,To the Editor of
The Journal The following is going
tha rounds of the press :
"AinTr1ine to one Of tne uerman-
forestry Journals, the kaiser, in 1908,
killed 1995 pieces or wuo game, inciuu
Ing 70 stags, elk and roebuck. At
that time he bad eiaugnterea a wti "
61.780 pieces of game, more than 4000 of
which were stags, and was the leading
exterminator of wild Ufa In the world.
Aa a alauerhterer of men, women and
v,iir.n ainc.a 1814. however, be has
been the foremost exterminator of hu
man life in all history-"
I have heard it said tnai a ouicner
la not allowed to Sll on a jury, um
this barbarian is Judge over millions.
v,x v ,i..ri..
& Communications sent to The Journal for rmb-
llSatioti in this department ahould be written OB
cniy one side of the paper, should not exceed 800
I words in lensth and must be aocomDanied bv the
lieve that regular mail planes Will Mm" and address of tbe sender. Jf the writer
th- tr. xt... I does, not desire, to have Uis name published he
m9 .v ii c w i ura , anould so state.i
to London In about 32 hours, allow-f
lag for delays, and return at the
same rate. This would be a notable
The Farmer and His Markets
Hlllsboro. Or., Feb. 18. To the Editor
Of- The Journal It seems to me that a
N'ALL fairness we 'must concede
that there is some weight to the
farmers' contention about price
fixing. They remind the country
that the prices of wheat and fuel have
been fixed by law while other prices
have escaped. Tbe farmer Is there
fore at a certain disadvantage. He
does not objeet to prioe fixing for
wheat provided the same rule is ap-
plied to other commodities. x
The farmer must deliver his wheat
at the fixed price of 12 the bushel.
At the sarjle time he must buy ma
chinery and hire labor upon which
there -Is no legal limit' to the" price.
This confronts him with economlo
difficulties... The difficulties axe mag
nified by the , fact that there Is no
legal limit to the prices of clothing,
groceries - and other necessaries.
The price of wheat was fixed be
cause of the world's pressing want
of that cereaL- JVith war prices on,
there was danger' that- If - no s Jlmlt
was "fixed, bread -would become so
Improvement On the time made by - protest is in onder to the rstatement
the fastest mail steamers, which
usually retire seven days between
New York and London.
But it stands to reason that air
plane mails must be as light as
possible. The paper must be of the
made about a week ago on the market
page ot The Journal in which it was
charged that the Oregon onion growers
are victims of the holding habit: it
being further stated that this was in
duced by the sharp practices of Call
fornia speculators who bought up a few
cars of onions at high figures tn widely
thinnest and no superfluous words scattered localities. This story gives
admitted. The airplane, sava T.rrrt color to the belief among city folks that
Montagu in Collier's, -win- demand i 7Srtf.
a revolution in writing, typewriting $2.50 a sack was offered for onions be-
and paper." 1 fre e croD wa scarcely cured and
How about fiDelling? It U WiAer cover. . Farmers were rushed
HOW aoou speixingT 11 is esti- wltn otner fall work and to have taken
matea oy nign tuiuoriues mat aoout 0n enough extra help at current wages
one tniru 01 uie letters usea in Ute to top ana sacx tne onions ror immeai
nwiinnrv snellina- of wnrda am c te delivery would have about confls
t, skJ ,iimi. .mk..u ated them, even at the price; so these
I'"""""- " "TV"" i.uuuRi, offers were not generally accepted.
exactly nair tne letters are useless. These parties were very chary about
The. word Is spelled by the first cuymg for immediate delivery, but were
thres letters, the second three areff lM .tTE
purely ornamental.? We have hun- advanced these contracts would be a
dreds of words in the same case. good as gold, but if the. price .droppeor'
at -haU be done with these use--
less letters when the airplane tomes for hops, apples, potatoes, onions or any
with its demand for ' economy In 1 other kind of- farm produce , that was
spaoe and weight? Shall we - eon- 7fortn w whoops to the producers if
sTT.-. av. Ith8 price went flown? Shrewd lawyers
itlnue to tack on the -ugh" to .,"thowalway. p contracts and put
Somewhere in Franpe. We stayed but
a day and a night in Liverpool, yet I
could write a dosen letters en my im
pressions of that most Interesting city.
We went frem the magnificent stone
quay to the Midland Adelphl hotel,
owned and operated by the Midland
Railway company. It Is sumptuously
equipped and furnished. For the first
time we realised that a great war was
on. At the. table next to me was a slen
der, distinguished looking officer not
over 30 years of age. His wife and two
little girls sat with him. In the plate
glass panel on the wall I noticed that
his right arm was off at the shoulder.
A bevy of girls in black costume were
behind the hotel counter. The lift was
operated by an 18-year-old girl. Almost
without exception the help was feminine.
A few men past military age, a few
waiters rejected for physical reasons.
were to be seen, but wherever work was
being done, to a large extent, it was
being done by women. Women truck
drivers, women trajn conductors and
motormen, g'lrl newsboys, girl bellhop
It seemed a woman's world. In the spa-
clous lounge, or reception room, aa we
call It, were to be seen scores of of
ficers with their womenfolk. Before
registering we had to fill out a blank
giving name, residence, where we were
going and why, how long we intended to
stay, and many other details, for the
information of the police department.
In addition to this each of us had to
report individually at the police station
to register and allow tbe police to slse
us up and see if we bore any decided
resemblance to. the photo and description
of the passport. My passport says I
have hazel eyes ; as a matter of fact.
they are green. In various other minor
details It rather flatters me, so that
when the officers read my description
and then size me up they look as if
they thought the sea trip had been
hard on me. As a matter of fact, I en
Joyed every minute of the 16 days we
were on the Atlantic, and Z never missed
a meal.
a
Liverpool's streets were crowded and
one had considerable difficulty in navi
gating through the darkness without
bumping into fellow pedestrians. Sev
eral fair damsels bumped into me and
said "Hello, Sammy." or "Hello, Col
onel. They seemed a very friendly lot.
It was like the closing hours of the
Rose Festival at Sixth and Washington
streets.
When we ate our six-shilling supper
we discovered the waiter had counted
noses or rather mouths and had given
each of us one small roll : and that was
all. in the bread line, till next morning
at breakfast. One of our party asked
for butter and cream, and the waiter
said : "Tou are four months too late for
And we
don't serve butter at dinner." I had
heard much talk about how delicious
whitebait were, so I ordered whitebait.
surely drew a blank. The waiter
brought me a plate of little minnows,
nearly a hundred of them. I would Just
as soon have eaten a plate of angle
worms. They were about two Inches
long, cooked heads, talis, fins and in
nards, and tasted like a rather inferior
grade of excelsior. I am going back to
England some day when the little white
bait have grown to be as large as sar-
On account of the shortage of coal.
few of the hotels in Liverpool, London,
or In all England, for that matter. are
heated. For two shillings sixpence one
may have coal brought up by the maid
and a fire buUt in the grate.
mat mgnt I discovered that the bath
tosrels are of Turkish toweling, and big
enough for a winding sheet. The one I
had was six feet by nine. It may be
they are supposed to last you a week,
and that one should use one corner each
night and the middle for the jest of the
week.
I came in rather late. The hallway
iwa.ou u u a cycione naa wrecked a
shoe store. In front of every door shoes
and leather puttees were to be seen, put
out for the maid to 'clean and polish. I
didn't at first have the nerve to put
mine out. I later discovered that they
thought I didn't BUt them Atlt haranaa
I didn't want to tip for the service ; so
now my shoes are to be found at my
door. '
I have a thousand-franc note and a
uuncn 01 one-pound and five-pound
notes, but so far I can't make them seem
like real money. They seem like staar a
money, and I part with .them without a
pang.
It Is like going to some nt,H,lnmnt
to go down the streets of Liverpool and
see the old buildings, the people from
every ellme. the odd slams on tha stn,,.
I dropped into what I thought was a cafe
to ask question and a most attractive
ana moaest young lady behind the bar
directed me to where I wanted to go. She
was the first English barmaid I had
nappenea to run across. She waa
ing a group of Australian and New Zeal
and troopers with ale and porter. I
stopped at a fruiterers to buy an apple.
Rather small ones were eight pence each.
That means II cents for a am all an
withered apple. Ships are not bringing
apples, but munitions. Our ah In au
laden with saltpeter frem Sooth America,
ship and cargo valued at about ,3,000,-
vvv.
Speaking of that ship reminds me of a
rather odd thlng.One night I waa stand
ing by the Tail. Far off oould be seen
like dun stars the tall lights of the ships
in our convoy. The familiar stars of
home were swung across the velvet black
sky. Someone Joined me at the rail
and said, "What are you thinking -of
the beauty of the nlghtr "No." I an
swered ; "I was wondering if tie home
folks on Mount Tabor were watchlnar tha
big dipper and the polar star as we are."
"Where is Mount Tabor r he asked.
TorUand. Or, X replied. "Well, my
people in Salem. Or., may be watehing
them," he said. "My name is L. P. Put
nam. For seven years I have beep with
the Chicago T. M. C. A-, but my folks
live at Salem. Welcome Putnam has
enlisted and is in France. My sister is
a Red Cross nurse In France, and an
other .brother is a teacher in the Salem
public schools." ,
I can pass an examination en any
part of Oregon and come out with a
good grade, so for the next few min
utes the pboaporescent lanterns of the
sea drifted by unheeded.
Washington at Trenton
Jkdowa the river Delaware December blest were
blow Inc. -
Ths waters filled with crlndlnc tea Basse s
doloreUS BBMSB.
And aU the land was hushed in fear te keer tha
atoravwtnd p-ilnc.
Tbe desolate world waa smltUa aVtaaV with
that dreed monotone.
Bat in the camp at Delaware so troopers were
BBunne;:
Tbe patriot band was mairhlai tareac the
terrible arise niaht.
Upon tha perilous Delta are the da as tl see beats
were riding.
And Weahinttoa had found a way the H as
sise fee to unite.
Kultur
Orae-nn City. Feb. 19-To the Editor
Itor of The Journal Kindly Indicate the
correct pronunciation of the German
word "Kultur," of which so mucn is saio.
Would "Kooltoor" be approximately cor-
To some extent we are xufnuiig so
maintain our own "UUHUre. wnico, we
fnnklv Arlmlt. can ana win ut mi
proved, rather than have Its Prussian
travesty forced upon, us at 1 the point of
I "Kultur" is pronounced aa u?e5tL.
the inquirer. It la aoceniau w u
syllable. ' -
PERSONAL MENTION
Knhns on Way South
Mr. and Mrs. A. Kuhn. from Spokane,
are arrivals at the Benson. Mr. Kuhn
7. . Aitcr of the Spokane & Eastern
Trust company and is a prominent busl,
ness man of the Inland Empire. Mr.
and Mrs. Kuhn will leave Friday eve
ning for a tour or uaiuomi.
"
SL Helens Lumberman Visits
c D Sullivan, a prominent lumber
man from St Helens, is at the Oregon.
w w. Kenfleld, from Bemldje, Minn.,
Is an arrival at the Benson.
Judge Percy R- Kelly, from Albany.
Is an arrival at the Oregon. .
Ji M, Carpenter., lumberman from Los
Angeles, is at the Oregon.
August Larson of Astoria .Is an ar
rival svt the Carlton. - - . '
' Mrs. XX L. Houston of Bend Is reg
istered 'at the Multnomah. ,
Albert . Vierra. , Joseph lerra and
Oho. my men." the ehieftala erUd. "bow eoaaea
the sternest battle
That soldiers of bj heart's dehcht have waged
for freedom'a winninc."
His ahonted words tbe gale received, and than
the bias and rattle
Of dreadful shrapnel-faH ef kail la ears af
" man eras dlnnina.
The taanpeeViottured IJolawara with iimiIiii
storm of eager
Its can nua balls of oninchiag ice upas the
boatmen hurled.
Ah. bravabr did the bostsnea straggle throws h
mat tempest -els ngar 1
And bravely led the ehtaftala em through
black nest cf the world I
And en tha surah front Delaware those rsaka
f eturdv jreoraen,
Sy turmoil of tha w kited air ware aafe from
British ena.
They marched right tate Ttentoa tows and beat
tha Hessian foeaaea
Who yielded there te Washing toe, tha master
of aurorisa. -,
O wind that blew from Delaware. I think your
bum were Blowing
Te speed the patrlota on their way n no Ben
and nolaelaBMlv :
I thtak the churned -up waters of tbe Delaware
were I lowing
Te urge the dauntless chieftain on to glorious
victorr. Everett Earl Stanard.
Unele Jeff Snow Ssjs:
There had orter be two or three regi
ments of troops filled out with the rail
road attorneys canned by Uncle 8am.
There's from two to a dosen in moet
ever1 county seat in the United States.
They'd be some use to the country at
the front, but with Uncle Sam runnln'
the railroads they won't be as much nee
as a nursln' bottle to a leather doll.
Nothing the Matter
With Portland
By H. B. Harcourt
HOW TO BE HEALTHY
Caerricak ISIT.
bj J. Xawhry.
WAR BREAD. More nutritive value
is available from a loaf of war bread
than from white wheat bread of peace, ac
cording" to an experiment conducted
in England. The test, was made on ac
count of complaints registered against
the use. under measures taken by the
government, of oats, barley, corn and
rice mixed with wheat. These new
bread cereals had previously been con-
exerelse out ef doors about two boors a
day, walking, bicycling and fishing. He
had no indigestion, his appetite was
good, and the bowel function was free
and regular. The experiment was oon
duated over several days and a complete
loaf pf bread was consumed each day.
AU the varieties were taken and eaaq
day the body's excretions were carefully
eiaminea to ascertain wnat portion of
sldered by the mass of people as fit only the nutrition in the bread had been con
fer animals. The wheat flour used was
a pre-war white Canadian spring flour.
The oatmeal was line k go ten oatmeai.
The barley and corn flours were of the
finest sifted varieties. The war bread
was made from a mixture of (0 per cent
wheat flour, 10 per cent corn and 10 per
cent barley flour. Tne wneat xiour
represented 83 per oCnt of the whole
grain, the corn 80 per cent and the' bar
ley 05 per cent.
The white and tne war nreaa re
sembled each other in taste, both being
crusty and appetising. ine mwi
and barley breads were also good, and
the rice bread was pronounced very- nice
Indeed, The corn Dreaa was neavy. out
It had an agreeable taste and the heavi
ness did not make 1 unpalatable. The
subject of the experiment was a healthy
young man who was working from
seven to eignt noura "-
sumed. It waa found that MM.M per cent
of the calories or food units In the white
bread were utilised, 95.6 of the oatmeal
bread. SS ef the barley bread, i5. of
the corn bread', 96.3 of the rice bread and
96 of the war bread.
The conclusions from the experi
ment were tnat. u properly prepared and
baked, palatable breads can be made
from s mixture of one third oatmeal.
barley, corn flour or rice flour and two
thirds wheat. A bulletin giving instruc
tions for baking bread from the differ
ent kinds of cereals and from mixtures
of several ef them is Issued free ef
charge by the United States department
of agriculture.
Tomorrow : La Grippe.
See another story, "How to Live," foot
of column s, this page.
In 1916 the output of the Portland
Bolt A- Manufacturing company was
lit, 000; In 191f, 131.000; In 1917. 1370.
000. J. M. Llewellyn, president and man
ager, aays if the monthly busiaeesfer
the remainder ef 1916 is as large as wes
that of January, It will amount tn
$500,000 by January, 1919. Eighteen '
months ago 16 men were on the pay
roll. There are 5& now, paid from $3
to $5.85 per day of eight hours. A year
and a half ago Its workroom was 60 by
J00 feet It is now CO by 200, and not
an Inch to spare.
The Portland Bolt A Manufacturing
company is not a corporation, but a part
nership, owned by J. M. Llewellyn, Mrs.
H. C. Llewellyn and Richard Adams.
Mrs. Llewellyn Is treasurer, and assists
the young lady bookkeeper. The busi
ness of the factory covers the entire
NerthweeC Its three traveling men
reach ail points from the shipyards of
British Columbia to the Mexican line
and to .the eastern border of Idaho. The
shop Is at 110 Fourteenth street north.
fa e
. . ucis of this factory r "
bolts and materials used In building. It
also turns out rivets by the wagonload
and makes pole pins for telephone and
telegraph com pan lea those big. spikes
that enable electricians to climb poles.
Tbe Portland Railway, Light Power
company gets all its pies, eyebolts.
erossarm braces, ete.. of the Llewellyn .
people. Sewer contractors have the
top bars for eatxh basins made there.
Zt makes washers hundreds of thou
sands of them. It has shipped tons upon '
teas ot bolts, burrs and washers to the
government railroad builders In Alaska,
and It makes an kinds of ales and tools
for Shopmen. But Its chief output goes
te the shipbuilders. Tet It Is predicted.
not only by Mr. Llewellyn, but others
manufacturing shipbuilding material.
that the big expansion will take pleca
when peace is won and shipbuilders are
working on private eontracts not af
fected by government orders. They eay
shipbuilders on private contracts are
BOW often lnoonvenlenced by the gov
ernment oomm a nil aer Ing casting a and
parts made ef them. No objection Is
made to this, for they know that Uncle :
Sam has first call on anything he wants '
that he should have but that. .
does not relieve tbm of uncertainties.
When peace comes there will be no tra- ,
pediments to their progress.
The factory was establishes six years
ago, and Is the only one of Its kind on
the North Pacific coast. :.
Tomorrow : No. 29 oi this series. The ,
Northwest Galvanizing Engineering
company.
r
I
1
James Pickard. from Honolulu, are ar
rivals at the Seward.
Mr- and Mrs. A. H. Maryland, from
Calgary, Alta., are aU the Oregon.
John CosteUo, from Seattle, is at the
Seward.
Mr. arid Mrs. J. C. T albert, from
Omaha, are at the Cornelius.
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Drake, from San
Francisco, are arrivals at the Benson.
Roy T- Rlgdon. from Salem, Is at the
Oregon.
Mr. and Mrs. F. S. Palmer, from Top
penish, are at the Benson.
X. Rush, from Spokane, la at the Cor-
nP.UP. Underwood, from rmfur, is at
the Cornelius.
E. A. Spencer, from Berkeley, is at
the Reward.
f Mr, and Mrs. F. H. Scharf from Brem
erton, Wash., are at the canton.
T. L. Iugan of Scio is at the Perkins.
C. W. Rogers from Los Angeles Is an
arrival at the Portland.
C. Marshall from The Dalles 'Is an
arrival at the Multnomah.
R. M. Spoon from Goldendale is at
the Nortoaia. . Y
Frank Caution of Great Falls,, Mont-,
Is an errlvaVat the Multnomah,
T, P. Olds of L& Fayette Is at the
Perkins.
R. D, Brown from Seattle is stopping
at tne roruana.
M. J. Beabrpok ef Seattle ia at the
Multnomah.
C H. Steinart of St. Louis is at the
Portland.
R. 11. Mulr from McMlnnvWe is an ar
rival at tbe Perkins. ;
Thomas Nelson from Astoria is at
the Carlton.
A. R. Coffer of Seattle is registered
at tne canton. .
J. P, Roberts from Medford Is an ar
rival at. the Multnomah.
Mrs. C. C. Loveland from San Fran-
deoo is at the Carlton.
Mrs. W. D. Latimer from Sherwood Is
an arrival at the Nortenla,
O. C Kruger from Hoed River la at
the Terkins. i r
T. H. Clawson from Goldendale is at
the Norton!-
C. K. Marshall from. The Dalles is at
the Multnomah. j
IlsJjr. Needs .
- ' Pram the Laajac-m aUrast i ' -Itls
not backbone that Italy needs,
but guns and coal and grata.. -
New Viewpoint r .
of Eugenics
Approved
Rules of LI vlnf Set Forth in
"How to Live" Have Re
ceived Approbation of Coun
try's Most Famous Men.
EdnnarJoa ea hearth tha moat vital af
all subjects te tha lofty aod hnmaaitariaa
purpose of "How te Live" the aeweat and
moat popular af banks ea personal hrfteaa.
This' splendid work has bee authorised
bj and prepared in collaboration with taw
hygiene reference beard af the Life Fitea-atoe-
insUtate by IBVINU riSHXB. Chair
ai, frotejaof of rotltWl ooomy. Yale
wniversny. and KUUfcSB LYMAN FISK.
M, U
Sorae ef the finest brsJns ia anjerics are
sponsors for "Hew te Live," aaaaee whose
re swell aaae aa Williaaa ft Taft, General
WiOJaaa O. Gorges, aarteon seneral; Or.
S opart Brae. V. S. public health serrtoel
r H. at. Bia. health coasmieatoner state
ef. New York; tr. Harvey W. Wiley and
In. Alexander Graham Bell. These asee
donate their eervlcee to the Life Sxtenslae
institute and collaborated with l'roteeaar
s-Mhar and irr. Fisk ia preparinc this boos.
The recnlar eelUne" pries le SI. Throoab
the cooperation of Tha Journal, ft eaa aa
attained lor Saw at the i. K. Gill Co
Meter at Frank Co.. Olds. Wortaaaa as
Xincoe- Joarnal bosinees efiioe, . Add lie
additional oa aaaU aiders, .-, , .- ..