-
THE OREGON .DAILY. JOURNAL; PORTLAND, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 7, 1916.
V '"! INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPKK.
C. H. JACKHOS.
.Publisher
l'uhllabtl erery dsr,
arfternoaa and Biomtnc
(rxrent Bands? sfteronoa)
t The Journal
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...tribute. CHARLE8 C. PINCKNKY.
U ., I I . , -, , , l:
Mad wars d fat my la ona year tha works
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Renjamin Frank 11a.
FAIRBANKS VS. FAIRBANKS
N. HIS Portland Bpeech last
t Tilirht fnvmap Vina Proa f A t
.. Fairbanks claimed that Presi
dent Wilson haa not kept us
.j. out of war. He. claimed that the
landing of American sailors at Vera
Crua was war and that accordingly
, President Wilson is entitled to no
J- credit for keeping us In peace-
Mr. Fairbanks ought in some
t -way to make his sDeech harmonize
. 'with Mr. Hughes' speeches and Mr
' Roosevelt's speeches. Mr. Hughes
i aftid Mr. Roosevelt are denouncing
President Wilson because he kept
' us In peace and Mr. Fairbanks is
arguing that ho dil not keep ua in
-: peace.
' Mr. Fairbanks ought nlso to
make his present speeches harmon
tlze better with his speech before
rti editorial association in Indiana
In 1913. In that address, delivered
' when he was not a candidate for
I the vice presidency, Mr. Fairbanks
uttered one of the most emphatic
Indorsements of President Wilson's
Mexican policy that has been heard.
Among other things, he said:
t.
..." 1 have no doubt that tha disturb
ances In Mexico during the last few
years have been due. In a greater or
Jess degree, to an effort on the part
Of ambitious, cunning men to force
. Intervention and possibly annexation
i to the United States.
The exploiters of public utilities
and of the mineral and agricultural
f resource of our neighbor have un
v doubted j thouight that they would
'gain much If they could force lnter
veittlon by the l.'nlted States. Thers
'are soldiers of fortune In Mexico who
. . would undoubtedly welcome such a
contingency.
: . Sensationalists are adding to the
confusion of the situation and making
more difficult the solution of the
problem. Intervention In Mexico is,
., I of course, not a matter to be consld-
ered lightly; for intervention means
j War, and war means the destruction
if f human lives and the c.vpf nditijre of
, n' hundreds "of millions of dollars.
? These were Mr. Fairbanks'
views as to the Mexican situation
4it a time whenLhls utterances were
not Influenced by partisan politics.
J They are his real views. He said
- then that he had no doubt that the
'troubles in Mexico are due to "the
I j efforts of cunning men to force in
I terventlon and possibly annexation
j to the United States." He said then
f that ""exploiters of publio utilities
and of the mineral and agricultural
I resources have undoubtedly thought
that they could gain much If they
could force Intervention by the
United States." That is what Presi
dent Wilaon has said. It Is what
everybody knows to be true. That
" Js what Is at the bottom , of the
f whole clamor for war on Mexico.
' . In his address to the editorial
association at a time when he was
": i 50t f a candidate for office, Mr.
Fairbanks further said:
if.'Our speculators la Mexico suffer
Mecunlary loss as the result of recur-
' tiag revolatiorui, that Is a matter for
I xuture eonaiaeration, when stable gov.
Tternment and -peace are fully eatab-
. .llshed In that country. It la no war
- p-ant for aheddlng the blood of Jkmer
leans..
: a. .To eacrlflce the life of one soldier
"for all of tha dollars Investors or speo
Julatora have ventured In Mexico would
be the. supremest criminal folly. .
jWlthout a deliberate affront on the
Jjjart of the Mexican government.
whether it exists do jure or de facto.
no ground oa which we would-be
jtjuatifled In sending our armies beyond
the Rio Grande, .
m. President Wilson is dealing with It
&s tteat he can. We may not entirely
. rgree that his course is better than
tha't of bis distinguished predecessor,
nevertheless, we should endeavor to
--uphold his bond.
- -There should "be no difference of
opinion as to that. By doing so we
f snau inaae ma jkw a, cvmpumuTwr
f easy one.
II. It Is not an hour for either little
solitlcs or aensationaj Journalism.
U The clamor of the Jingoes should no
be allowed to drown tha voice of .ra
tional, deliberate statesmanship.
- It Is a pretty safe rule when we
come to deal with grave International
. .problems to put our faith la the presl
fdent of the-United States and follow
' rfeer he may lead.
. lie apeak for the country when we
"come to deal wttn international af
" fairs. ' The : president of the United
. States la a safer guide than sensation.
'aOUits and aoldlar of fortune . who
PEACE OR WAR-WH1CH? .
I
F PRESIDENT WILSON and hla
ated,, doubt and fear would at once begin to ran through tne busi
ness and industrial life of this nation. Even the guardianship of
the federal reserve system could not save business and Industry
from fear of consequences of a calamitous war with America Involved.
A fundamental in our present transcendent prosperitj Is the fact
that we are In peace and that so long as .the present helmsman Is in
the White House, we are likely to remain in peace.
Nobody can say that the warring nations of Europe are prosperous.
Instead of having prosperity, they are driving htadlong In the direc
tion of national bankruptcy.
They are piling up mighty burdens of debt These debts must be
paid by the toll of the people. A nation or a man mortgaged to the
utmost limit of value is not prosperous but a bankrupt.
The warring nations are burning up their wealth In explosives.
The product of their factories Is snuffed out in bursting shells. Their
industries, like their people, are bleeding to death.
The peace In which we have been wisely kept, has given us the
chance to become prosperous. But we are told that President Wilson
is to be condemned for keeping America in peace. In his Chicago
speech, Mr. Hughes said in an attack on the German and Mexican pol
icy of President Wilson:
If anything in the campaign is real. It is that we are now facing the
question whether we WANT WORDS OR WHETHER WE WANT DEEDS,
WHETHER WE WANT THAT WHICH IS WRITTEN AND SPOKEN OR
WHETHER WE WANT AMERICAN ACTION.
There can be no two opinions on what Mr. Hughes' language means.
Though President Wilson was so strong in his notes to Germany that
he brought this country to the verge of war, Mr. Hughes says the
president was not strong enough and that the' "real" Issue in this cam
paign is whether "we want words or whether we -want deeds."
This country stood still and held its breath after the sending of
each of the several otes to Germany. We were for many days a
nation of serious-faced men and women, fearing the. worst but hoping
for the best. Stocks declined in the markets and business enterprises
everywhere were filled with fear.
But Mr. Hughes says President Wilson's "words" were not Btrong
enough medicine and that we want "deeds." In New York, condemn
ing President Wilson's peace policy and arguing for a war policy, Mr.
Roosevelt said:
No man has a right to claim a pirltual kinship with Abraham Lincoln
if he la too proud to fight.
Mr. Hughes sat on the platform with Mr. Roosevelt and approved
and applauded thiB argument against President Wilson's peace policy.
On the public statements of both
view of President Wilson's long struggle to keep this country out of
war, Mr. Hughes and Mr. Roosevelt are "in perfect accord."
At Battle Creek, Mr. Roosevelt said:
The men who now with timid hearts and quavering voices, praise Mr.
Wilson for haying kept us out of war, are the actual heirs of the Tones
of 1776. '
No stronger attack could be made upon the president for keeping
us out of war or upon the people for desiring the president to keep
ua out cf war. Mr. Roosevelt denounces them as "Tories" for not
wanting war. He ridicules them as men "with timid hearts and qua
vering yoices" for desiring peace. And this is what Mr. Hughes declared
at Chicago and in many other speeches to b.e the paramount issue, the
"real" issue of this campaign.
If on such a line-up President Wilson and his peace policy should
be repudiate the election will bring a shock to the business and in
dustrial life of this country. Mr. Hughes will understand that his
election would mean the people's indorsement ofliis war policy. Mr.
Roosevelt would insist that the verdict meant the people's demand for
Mr. Hughes' war policy instead of President Wilson's peace policy.
Indeed, President Wilson's supporters themselves would be compelled
to admit that the people had voted for "deeds" Instead of peaceful
diplomacy.
The business, the finaace and the industry of America would be
forced to aCcept the same conclusion. The business, the finance and
the industry of the whole country would be driven to a realization that
the people had voted against peace, and would instantly recall that
war has not made Europe prosperous.
Business cannot remain stable and optimistic with a crowd of war
chiefs around the White House and in the cabinet. Mr. Roosevelt, as
secretary of state and thereby headof our foreign policy, sniffing the
blood and battle from afar, would be mad with thirst for military
glory, and nobody knows how soon he would embroil us in the foreign
inferno. "I would instantly have taken possession of every German
ship interned in this country," is one thing he said he would have done
when the Lusitania was torpedoed. That is a step which when Portu
gal tried It brought an immediate declaration of war against her by
Germany.
We cannot have prosperity without peace. If any doubt it, let them
behold Europe's wealth and life bleeding to death.
come to the surface whenever Interna
tional controversies arise.
When he was not a candidate,
Mr. Fairbanks' words rang true.
There was eternal truth in his
statement then that "to sacrifice
the life of one soldier for all of
the dollars investors and specu
lators have ventured in Mexico
would be the supremest criminal
folly."
Mr. Fairbanks' speech as a can
didate is made absurd by his speech
when he was not a candidate-
The Bremerton man who ran,EorB recipe ior a great "back-to-
seven miles rather than be late to
his work, and then died of heart!"1"0113 that canse the migration to
failure, furnishes a portentous il
lustration of what happens to a
man when he gets to be too in
dustrious, i
MOTHER JONES
I
T SEEMS odd that a figure like
Mother Jones should come to
the front In American life. In
this land of equality and. oppor
tunity there should be no reason
for the furies of the French reign
of terror to reappear with string
ing hair and mad eyes urging on
the mob to murder.
Mother Jones shrieked to her
audience of women in New York
the other night that they ought
to rush out upon the streets and
play hell." Some of them took
her advice literally and the trac
tion Btrike grew somewhat more
gory for her words.
Mother Jqnes has been engaged
In our civil wars for many years.
We call them "industrial difficul
ties," but historians will unhesi
tatingly call them civil wars. In
these furious contests a woman
could hardly be expected to retain
her . poise and tolerance, no matter
how mild she might have been to
begin with.
It it a little peculiar, now that
we stop to think of it, that it
snowed round about Eugene almost
coincident with the arrival of
Charles Warren Fairbanks In the
vicinity of that highly psychological
city.
ON TUB FARM
G'
OVERNOR BRUMBAUGH of
Pennsylvania may have found
the true reason why boys and
girls desert the farm for the
He makes the suggestion
city.
that it is due to the lack of court
ing facilities and In order to pre
vent the' flow of the rural popula
tion townward recommends that
policy of peace ahould be repudi
men, we are assured that in their..
every farm house should have a
parlor where Huldy might receive
and entertain her "company" free
from the deterrent influence .of
other members of the family.
The shyness of the rustic lover
Is traditional and real. His Am
aryllis must be alone before he can
summon up courage to go in.
If he has no chance to tell his
story he will either never marry
or else go sparking some town girl.
Meanwhile the practical farmer
would be amused with this gover-
! the-farm" movement were the con-
the cities not a tragedy,
The true reason why the boys
and girls have not remained on the
farm is that fanning has not been
a paying business. The farmer has
j been the most exploited individual
In America. He has had to pay
8, 10, 12 and even 20 per cent
interest together with bonuses,
brokerage commissions, abstract
fees and lawyers' fees on short
time loans. The mortgage held
his nose to the grindstone. He
couldn't get rid of it. It hung
around his neck like a millstone
Others got loans at 4 to 6 per
cent Interest and on long time, but
he couldn't. He was plucked by
middlemen until he has been quit
ting the farm and gone to the city
in the despairing hope of bettering
his condition.
Could it be said, when a Port
land policeman in attempting to
restore a iainting wire to con
sciousness allowed her erring hus
band to make a get-away, that the
escape was due to civil service?
COORDINATED RELIEF
T
HOSE who have had to do
with the charity work in
Portland in the past will see
mqch common sense in the
suggestion of County Commissioner
Holman for the consolidation of all
charitable work under one head.
No one will attempt to gainsay
the humanitarian and beneficent
work that has been done In the
past by the charitable organiza
tions of the city. But there are
too many of them. There is too
much duplication of effort, too
i much overlapping of relief in one
place and overlooking of relief in
another. xnere are too many
generals and too many armies . to
do the work that unfortunate cir
cumstances demand shall be done.
There is no question of the earn
estness of effort and the honesty
of purpose of those who are the
sponsors for and the executives of
the existing charitable organiza
tions. . It is not a question of in
tention but of results that has
doubtless caused Mr. Holman to
suggest that one central organiza
tion be provided to take charge
of -this most Important task.
The prime consideration in car
rying on the work coming before
charitable organizations is to give
the greatest amount of needed re
lief to the largest number of peo
ple possible from the funds or ma
terials at? command. The more
overhead - that can, be-eliminated,
the more duplication of effort and
relief that can be avoided, the
greater the success that will result.
Letters From the People
(Commnolcationa sent to Tba Journal for
publication Id this department should b writ
ten en only one side of the paper, should not
eireed 8uO wurda In length, and nraat be ac
companied by toe name and address or the
sender. If tbe writer doea not desire to bare
the name published be ahonld ao state.
"Dlscoaslon is tba greatest of aU reformers
It rationalizea eTerytblng Jt touchee. It rotw
principles of all falsa sanctity and throws tbeni
back on their reasons blenesa. If they hse no
resaonableneas. it ruthlessly crushes them out
of existence and sets np its own conclusions In
their stead." Woodjow Wilson.
A Lincoln Republican.
Portland. Oct. 6. To the Editor of
The Journal I am- not surprised to
read in your helpful paper of tha sen
timent of the people for Woodrow
Wilson, who Is the greatest president
the American people ever had. 1 nave
been a Republican all my life, but
could not stand the standpat leader
ship any longer. I am for President
Wilson. His opponents are stunned
at the legislative accomplishments of
President Wilson In three years and
a half, for the people, while those pre
viously in power did scarcely any
thing after Lincoln's time.
Candidate Hughes stated In his Mil
waukee speech that he, if elected pres
ident, would undertake to wipe out all
the legislative accomplishments of
President Wilson. Such bomb throw
ing as that from Hughes should drive
the people solidly to President Wilson.
Candidate Hughes has great ability for
hindsight, while President Wilson has
great ability and capacity for fore
sight. Mr. Hughes and his campaign
ers are doing nothing but misrepre
senting. Mr. Hughes did not ahow bright
ness, or he would not have chosen
Roosevelt and Taft for his advisers.
The people must be on hand this
coming election and roll up a big -vote
for President Wilson. It Is the wrong
time to change. When President Wil
son puts in another four years the
standpatters will be of the past. The
people don't want Wall street to run
the government, as It always did be
fore Wilson's administration.
If Hughes is "elected you can look
for war, as Roosevelt will be the
high functionary of the administra
tion. Hughes, Roesevelt and Taft. if de
feated, need not ever expect to become
supreme Judges of the United States
courts in the future and perform such
cts as they have to President v ilson.
he greatest man that ever strove for
the cause of the people. J. L.
"Always Right."
Cosmopolls, Wash., Oct. 6. To the
Editor of The Journal I once knew
man who apparently was a stand
patter on religion, as well as a preach
er of it He had his ideas and opinions.
No doubt many of them were good
convictions, but the point is that, as
regards those ideas, he was extremely
dogmatic, and his sermons smacked
of egoism. He was right! Anyone
who did not concur with him In hla
beliefs was positively wrong, and the
preacher laid great .emphasis on that
Tact, -
But eventually there came a changel
He Just merely flopped. With a
breath-taking suddenness he announced
that he no longer was a , but
had become a pastor in the
church. His views had undergone a
change terrific They were now Just
the opposite from what they had been.
And still that preacher put on enough
effrontery to appear before the people
and continue to cry that he waa right!
Listen I He was right before, and When
he adopted opposite views, he was
still right and those who did not
agree with him were wrong! He was
positive of that.
That, I consider, is a case of help
less dogmatism. But, briefly, let me
cite another case.
Theodore Roosevelt was absolutely
right to hear him talk, when he bade
goodbye to trusts and the big bugs.
and formed the Progressive party. He
waa right when he asserted that the
Republican naa degenerated into a
party of crooks and porch climbers.
And now that he has again affll
lated himself with the gang that had
so degenerated listen! He is stlu
rightl If a person does not believe
that Roosevelt is right no matter
what he believes or preaches, or whom
he supports or condemns, all he has
to do is to read Roosevelt s speeches
and find out
When Colonel Roosevelt assailed
Taft he was right! Taft was wrong!
Now Roosevelt has slipped into the
money clique alongside of Taft, and
etUl, Roosevelt is right. But Taft
hasn't changed a bit
No matter what he djbes or believes,
no matter whom he attacks or greets
with warmth, and no matter what he
preaches and shouts, Roosevelt has
the effrontery to lay emphasis on the
constant claim that he Is right.
buch dogmatlo inconsistency Is sick
ening, and I do not believe people will
be deceived by it. Wilson, the true
and the consistent, for them.
FRED H. WINSOR.
The Money Power Considered.
Portland. Oct 6. To the Editor of
The Journal I hear that many think If
Hughes is elected "good times" will
follow Immediately, and if Wilson Is
the choice of the people "bad tlmee'
will continue. Is It not a fact that
the worst panlo this country has had
was under Roosevelt s administration
Why is it that voters do not inform
themselves as to cause and effect '-ot
past financial legislation? mostly leg
lslatlon which began with tha Issuance
of the greenbacks, at which the bul
lion brokers of Wall street and othe
depositories balked, because the green
back, aa first Issued, waa good for all
aeoLS, pudiic ana private.
But the bulllonists did not want the
greenback that way. They did not want
the Interest on the publio debt (the
bonds) paid with cheap money like
paper, interest musi De paid in some
thing which had intrinsic value gold
for Instance; So tbe bulllonists pes
tered congress until they got the word
"except placed before "duties on lm
porta and interest on the public debt'
(bonds), depreciating the cheap money
to 43 centa on the dollar, with which
they bought bonds, and sold said bonds
for 100. cents. . or par, pocketing 67
cents on tbe dollar. Those patriot of
that time paid off our veterans of
the Civil war in the 43 cent dollars.
Thad Stevens said at that time, I
have a foreboding that we are about
to consummate some cunningly devised
scheme which will carry great Injury
and loss to all clsLasa of peopl
throughout the United States. It (th
bill) now creates . a depreciated cur-
rency. it makes two classes of money,
one for the banks and brokers, and an
other for the people."
The above was act 1 In the financial
game. That we have been In bondage
to the money power all these years no
one can deny.
Money, according to the constitu
tion, is a medium of exchange, and
never Intended for anything else. The
banks are overflowing with gold, but
there Is no market for it, so It la
hoarded to the detriment of all busi
ness, and for no reason on earth only
to make money hard to get hold of. It
Is no wonder food products are soar
ing. We should make our votes demand,
first, to take the property provisions
oui 01 money. Next, make It
crime j
to sequester over J100.000 for any
one person. Let us stop building' up
mIy ?" t0 Lh6 detrlnaent oC the!
working class. This will make good ,
times, and nothing else will do it. Thla :
ui revolutionary, out I see no v. m wiuwu,
other way to equalize the situation. I Governor Brumbaugh of Pennsyl
Turn the surplus over to those, who I vania says 95 ner cent of tha -iri arr&d.
earn it. HATTIE BATES B ELD IN. ,
Calls Near Side Stop Mistake.
Portland, Oct 6. To the Edi
tor of - The Journal If the commla-
sioner who r.nnti.i
ston rW l Pnwi-f It- e n, ar d '
orUand had served an ap- ;
prenticeship on the streetcar he ,
wouia never have made the mistake he
nas. it would look as though, af ter i
tne tning had been tried out In this White and colored men fight In Mon
city and had proved unsatisfactory. l!tana. Two white men are killed. Five
would have been- wisdom to put the colored men and two white men are
matter to a popular vote before In- Jailed. There was a time when such
stltutins- a rhantrp ! combats were called "race riots,'"
VetyflrSr Is the argument " 'i th of
for the change the most of the people I
will be "from Missouri." If uniform-
Itv is th nipn tt a nam j
r,rnhhil t.J,n ??W nd I
---- "... - --- ;
There are several reasons why tbe I
plan ought to be abolished: I
It is unnatural The natural place !
ior one to stand on coming to a car-
line is at the intersection of the side
walk with the street Why run down
the block? ,
It is inconvenient. It is very often
the case that one can by running make
the car he wants to take, and if the
car stops on the far side of the street
the party can be seen by the motor-
man and the ear stop on signal, but ministration and of the Sixty-fourth
if the party comes to the near side of congress. The effort to enact legis
the street Just as the car is passing lation to nrovide larirr facilities for
he cannot get the car, as it Is already
pasi me piace or stopping ana may i
not stop on the far side of the street,
It is damaging to the parking or ;
the streets. We haven't too much
beauty along our streets. But we are
trying to induce the setting out of
shrubbery In the parking and this
ordinance Is destructive of the best .
results in that line.
To run down the walk and then
tramp across the parking, and es- :
pecially in wet weather, is to tramp and the benefits to our foreign corn
all the grass down and to ruin the ' merco would have been incalculable
rhrubbery and to discourage the own- , In the immense saving In foreign rates
r of property in his attempts to make ! on wheat, cotton, and all other com-
the city beautiful. It also affects the :
passenger, for often he will nave to
rush through rose bushes or other
shrubbery,! tearing his clothing.
It makes. for a slow schedule. Im
aglne a woman with eeveral children i
and passengers with luggage and old i
neonl who have to walk the iengtn
of the car before the conductor can
give the signal to go and then note
whether It is conductive to prompt
ness.
The only specious excuse for the
change is the fact that Seattle has it
that way, etc., etc. Can you Imagine
the aeries of whe reusing that preceded
the introduction of this ordinance? It
looks sometimes as though Portland
wasted too much time waiting until
Seattle did something and then eitner
giving ltsejf up to mourning over tbe
thought that the city on the aound
itola our opportunity wntie we were
asleep, or breaking our necks to ape
what she has done.
It will be aaid that many of the
cities in the east have such an ordi
nance and that your critlo has not
traveled. Tea, he has, and will again
and in fact he Is traveling some now.
But the trouble with those eastern
cities is that they have not come west
Why should the star of empire turn j
again east?
Aa I have stopped in tne cities ot
tha effete east I have often reflected
that Portland has had hitherto the
best positively th best car service
n h found, aa resnects the courtesy
of its car men and the convenience of
its service, and I hope there will be
..nornl nrotest against tbe ordl
nance In question, and that It will re
sult In a return 'to the old order of
things which pleased both the public
and the car men. W. N. COFFEE.
Oriental Thought.
Vancouver. Wash.. Oct. 2. To the
Editor of The Journal I have read
rour editorial in The Sunday Journal
regarding oriental philosophy aa ex
pounded by the Illustrious Tagore.
Some years of sojourn "east of Suez"
has put me in touch with able ex
pounders of this thonght. Its con-
slstency. or J" "fWB!i:
a m.1
laxly appealing ana 1 board such vessels belonging to the
dif frs from occidental thought from war op n department as are sult
tha fact that it Is monistic. able or comnjerclal use. also the ves-
Tha Oriental does not sees: cause.
The word to him is meaningless. It is
a veritable will o tne wisp, xnere i
always a cause preceding a cause,
therefore cause Is infinite, and when
those of this echool arrive at the
infinite they stop short. Tney never transfer be made without first ten
hope to think the unthinkable, know dering such vessel to the board on
the unknowable, or conceive the incon- I Urma set out in the act The presl-
irmYim. To them nature Is eternal,
therefore without cause, and is tha
on aJl-m-exi oroDiem. idit imu
within the realms of nature a field
amply spacious and interesting to cc-
cupy their tnougni ana iney reauze
that the hope of our race depends on
our intelligent conception of nature,
READER.
In Reply to Mr. Frank.
Portland. Oct 4. To tbe Editor of
The Journal In last Sunday's Journal
O. E Frank la again to the front, re- adequately served by ocean transpor
Jolclng over the loss of half a mil-, tation and where it la desirable to
lion men for tne aiiiee in tn "Dig
nnai Thnr la nothlns: strange about
either th loss or Mr. Frank elation.
Germany gained the territory she
k . mrnriu man throue-h tha,
country of a peaceful and neutral
neighbor. It has taken unprepared
England two years to raise and drill
tn. Mimhat this invasion dur.
ing which time Germany has been en -
trenching and fortifying- herself by
every device that her Ingenuity could
devise. But for nearly two years she
has gained nothing. Falling to take
Paris ln the allotted three weeksr the
kaiser made one of his greatest efforts
to take Calais, bnt failed. What chance
has he now? Germany derided Eng
land's "despicable army.' Sh always
contended, and probably mad heraelf
believe, -that no army raised from
grown civilians could ever be made
the equal of her military forces. They
could not be taught the goose step.
I am sure it must affect the German
morale to have to fie before this
aame army.
In regard to England drawing other
nations in, how about Bulgaria and
th unspeakable Turk?
And as to Britain's tottering empire,
rt was never more united. How many
Germans have fallen before the gal
lant Australians, New Zealandera and
Canadians?
England ls really th only on of
the big nations that is fighting: an en
tirely defensive war. for she ls fight
ing to keep what Germany Is fighting
to take. With command ot th sea in
German hands, . England could ' b
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGE
The one person to whom the price
of the loaf makes no difference is tha
loafer.
Quebec bridge haa a good big lot on
London bridge for it has definitively
fallen deVa,
Perhaps the Vancouver ferryman
wouldn't so much have minded that
broken abaft after the opening of tha
Interstate bridge. But auch la the Jinx,
Boston is In Massachusetts. Brook
lyn la in New York. Doesn't that give
Jurisdiction of this world series ticket
csjpingT mere ought to be a law.
must make the leaders want to murder
tbe tailenders when they think of their
losing- to teams that are loafing along
nates of high achols don't know how
iu nui un me omer nana, so per
cent of tbe cooks aren't hep to any of
that high school stuff.
But suppoee there is an embargo on
wiieni. wont tnose wno control tne
bread supply charge the prices that
would prevail if there were no em-
bar go T Or since nobody can tell
what those would be Just a little
t moral
. Granting that the 10-cent loaf Is to
be equal to two 5-cent loaves, your
P-on of the change wil, depend
iomewmt UDon wnethar vim iikb or
loathe, ntal hrcmi Alan in mnma
cases, whether or not you can dig a
dime about a8 easy as a nlclTel.
SHIPPING LEGISLATION
By Joshua W. Alexander of Missouri,
Chairman, House Merchant Marine
Committee.
The shipping act is one of the great
eat achievements of the nreaant ad
our rapidly growing foreign commerce
began soon after the beginning of the
war in Europe. If tha administration
ship nurchase. bill had been enacted
into law In September or October, 1914,
it would- have been possible to add
100 vessels t 10,000 gross tons to
our American merchant marine for the
overseas trade. Those vessels would
have cost then not more than forty
to fifty millions: now they would he
worth more than a hundred millions.
modules entering into our export
trade and upon which the ocean freight
rates have advanced from 600 to 1000
per cent In the last two years. That
bill was filibustered to death In tbe
United States senate by the Repub-
ucans wun me aia or a rew nemo.
crais,
The shipping act Is framed along
much broader lines. The ship pur
chase bill was an emergency measure;
the shipping act la Intended to be
come a permanent measure, and while
many of its provisions may be amend
ed from time to time, aa experience
may prove wise, It laya the founda
tions broad and deep for an American
mercantile marine.
It will be the first time in our his
tory that a governmental agency has
been created whose business it will be
to supervise and care for our water-
borne commerce,
A shipping board of five members
is created, not more than three of
whom shall belong to the same politi
cal party, to be appointed by the presl
dent and by and with the advice and
consent of the senate. The first com
missioners shall continue in office for
terms of two, three, four, five and
Six years. Their successors shall con
tlnuo In office for terms of six years.
"M - m Am Via n 4 tha rtetn vrt Vi all Haa In
the employ of. or hold any officialise cost of their food; (3) fuel
relation to any common carrier by
water, or be pecuniarily interested
therein.
The board, with the approval of the
president la authorized to have con
, structed and equipped In American
shipyards and navy yards or else
where, giving preference, other things
being equal, to domestic shipyards, or
to purchase, lease, or charter vessels
suitable, as far as the commercial re
quirements of the marine trade of the
United States may permit, for use as
naval auxiliaries or army transports,
or for other naval or military pur
poses. Limitations are plaoed on the
vessels that may be purchased. For
Instance, vessels engaged in the for
eign or domestlo trade of the United
States, and vessels under the flag of
foreign countries engaged in war, may
w-, Wa wi vsaVtaa mam, A 1 akss skakit A St salaH
AlJ m. w isua uuatswu aa,s?au va vsiam
' The president may transfer to the
K.lnT,iHno. t tha Panama. Mtllrn!
company, when the United States Is
Rt wa,P or during a national emergency,
no vessel under American registry or
enrollment may be transferred to a
foreign flag, and in no event may
dent Is given power to lane possession.
absolutely, or temporarily, of any such
v eooci ivr - j yUvn
Qn of tne mt)gt important provis-
lons ln tho act, and one that has been
th .nhiec of the greatest controversy.
. ls that giving the board the power
to organize a corporation, or corpora'
tlons, which the United States snail
control throdgh majority stockowner-
shlp, to carry out the purposes or tbe
act; that ls, to establish ocean serv-
ices to those ports and countries not
develop ana exiena our xureign con.
merce.
, The payment of deferred rebates.
and the use of righting- snips to stine
1 competition are expressly prohibited;
also discriminations against a shipper
w r" , ""a liT w"
, also 'unfair contract, with "hlPPe
based on volume of freight offered,
" 7 "
starved out in a few weeks. And
would Germany hesitate? C. B. PTE.
President Eliot's Judgment.
From the New York World.
No finer tribute could be jpaid to
the Wilson administration thin is to
be found in the fact that President
Emeritus Eliot of Harvard, writing tn
the Atlantic Monthly, ls in substan
tial agreement with the views of Rich
ard Olney, recently expressed ln the
World. Mr. Olney apoka as a party
man who has always been high-minded,
Independent and courageous. Dr. Eliot
ls one of the best representatives - of
that large and Influential element
which has no stroifg partisan ties and
which ln normal times exercises a
controlling influence upon publio af
fairs. By -the same orderly processes of
reasoning: from a record of legislative
and administrative achievement which
Dr. Eliot truly says the Republican
party never equalled in five times as
many years, both of these eminent
men reach tbe conclusion thaty "the
man chiefly responsible tor this con
summate servic to the American peo-
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
The physical geography claas of the
Elmira hi eh school La nlajininar to
build a sun dial on the school campus.
a
VriAmv fVtn) 1 111 K. Ulra,tmrm
ship day In the Pendleton Commercial
club. Five team of 10 men each will
compete.
Tourifcts registered at the Lithia
Park aato camp ground. Ashland, to
the number of 1966, from May 10 to
October 4.
a a
The Astoria school board haa de
cided, on the recommendation of the
superintendent to open the night
schools on November 6.
e
In view of the high ccst of flour,
the Eugene Register remarks: "Well,
Oregon is becoming a corn state, so
there will always be 'pone' to fall back
on."
Rhapsody suitable to the aeason, in
Dallas Observer: "Honest now, aren't
?ou glad hop picking is over, the ooun
y fair is over and has been a auccess.
Blew If nv.iv .VI . J i
and prune picking will soon be through?
School has started; the frost is on the
pumpkin; rail la Here.
Encouraging real estate report in
Ashland Tidings: "Real estate men
state that there are as many stranger
in Ashland now aa there have been any
i time during the past summer and that
inquiries concerning real estate are
most numeroua. Several deals have
been consummated recently outside
A. L. McOary a Willamlna farmer
who uses electricity for most of his
power as wen as ior iigui on me
farm, through current furnished by a
power company, has nurchased an
electrio range and Installed a complete
electric, kitchen, br way of sharing the
comforts and conveniences of electric
ity's use with the women of his house-
i hold.
cargo space, loading and handling, ot
ireigni, ana tne adjustment or claims,
A common carrier by water Is requlroJ
to file with tbe board all agreements
with other carriers to which It may
be a party, fixing or regulating trans
portation rates, giving or receiving
special rates, accommodations or other
advantages; controlling, regulating,
preventing, or destroying competition;
pooling or apportioning earnings.
losses, or trartlc; alloting ports, or
restricting or otherwise regulating
sailings between ports; limiting or
regulating In any way the character
of freight or passenger traffic to be
carried.
The board la given full power to
approve, disapprove, modify, or can
eel any such agreements that It finds
to be unjustly discriminatory or un
fair as between carriers, shippers, ex
porters. Importers, or ports, or be
tween exporters from the United
States and their foreign competitors
or to operate to the detriment of the
commerce of the United Slates.
It is made unlawful for common
carriers by water to give any undue or
unreasonable preference or advantage
to any particular person, locality or
description of traffic in any respect
whatever; or to charge unjust or un
reasonable or discriminatory rates In
favor of individuals, of ports, or for
eign as against American shippers.
At the beginning of the war In Eu
rope not more than 8 per cent of our
foreign commerce was carried by ves
sels under the American flag. This
legislation has not proved a menace
-to our shipbuilding Industry. On May
1. 1916, there were 1.219,014 tons of
steel'vessels under construction or un
der contract to be built in American
shipyards a larger tonnage than at
any other period since the Civil war.
Mjh June 80. 1916, wo had 3135 vessels
under the American flag engaged in
the foreign' trade more than at any
other period since the Civil war.
The original cost of ships Is now
practically equalized among all na
tions. The principal costs of opera
tion of any ship are (1) overhead ex
penses, which Include interest on capi
tal, insurance, corporation taxes, etc.;
(2) wages of officers and men, and
The ships to be created by the bill
will have the advantage of half the
Interest charge on capital, and a great
ly reduced corporation tax, as it ls 2
per cent only in this country, com
pared with from 6 to 8 per cent on
the ships of our leading foreign com
petitors. The Insurance and deprecia
tion charges are the seme on almllar
ships, no matter where owned or oper
ated. At present wages on ships of
all nations are about at a parity, with
pessibly a disadvantage of from 6 to 10
per cent on American ships ln the At
lantic trade, and perhaps a consider
ably greater disadvantage in the Pa
cific. Food on American ships always
has been and always will be, ln all
probability, better than on (foreign
ships, but the difference ln cost is so
small as to be negligible. Fuel on
most ships costs frequently as much
or more than wages, and here is where
the new ships will benefit Buch ad
vances have been made ln marine en
gineering of late that a modern ship
can be operated at from (0 to 60 per
cent less cost for fuel than ships built
live to 25 years ago. Our rivals are
all burdened with ships' averaging
from 12 to 16 years old. We have
practically none to begin with, so all
of the proposed fleet will be modern
and economical. It can be easily dem
onstrated that the saving ln fuel on
those proposed American ships will
more than offset the additional cost
for wages and food and any other dis
advantages as to cost which they may
have. Cheapness of timber created
for us a magnlflcant fleet of vessels
in the foreign trade during our earlier
days, and the practical control of the
world's oil supply may' dp It for us
cow.
With these advantages, and under
the Intelligent direction of the ship
ping board, whose whole time will be
given to the solution of the problems
involved, we may confidently look for
ward to the time in the not distant
future when w shall have from six
to 10 millions of tons of shipping un
der the American flag engaged4 ln our
foreign commerce, and shall carry not
t per cent but 60 to 70 per cent of
our commerce ln American built ves
sels owned and manned by Americans.
pie should be again made their chief
magistrate."
It is no accident that brings such
Americans as these into political har
mony. The explanation la to be found
on the aide of Mr. Wilson ln mighty
tasks begun or accomplished. In hard
duties bravely performed and ln ideals
adhered to unfalteringly, and on the
side of Mr. Hughes in an abaenCe of
real principles, in a lack of frankness
and a purpose wholly Infirm except
as It may be Interpreted as destruc
tive and reactionary.
Old Kins Cotton.
From the New Tork Herald.
A rise of more than $1 a bale In cot
ton in the last two days suggests that
what th southern planter has lost ln
quantity on the present crop tie will
n ake up ln the higher price. With the
staple selling" well above 11 cents a
pound It ls 6 cents abwe th low level
of last February and more than dou
ble the price at which It sold after
the outbreak of the war two years ago
when th "buy-a-bale" appeal , was
made to the charitably disposed. Old
King Cotton has sot been dethroned,
- ,
Rag Tajf and Bottail
Stories From Everywhere'
fTo fhls column all readers of Tha Jnnrnul
are lorlted to contribute original matter la"
tory, la versa or to pbllotopUlcal observation
or striking quotation, from any source.
Oontrlbatloos ot exceptional merit will be pa. J
for, at taa eaitor'a appraisal)
In tho Celestial's Best Vein.
THAT "the heathen Chinee ls pe
culiar" Bret Harte discovered a
good many years ago, when Califor
nia knew but Xw of the Celestials,
and cared less for them. Hla experi
ence haa been verified later and mjre
completely by policemen who have
had to do with raiding opium tiers
and gambllhg houses conducted by
Orientals.
Not long ago a squad set out to
get" a gambling house in the new
Chinatown on North Fourth "street.
They were not' quick enough to catch
tne lookout napping, and were
forced to begin battering operations
with a sledge and axe .on a heavy
reinforced door.
It waa a Eood half hour's work.
(uring vfhich time the gamblers' were
silently hieing themselves away '
through secret passages to safety. Fi
nally the door went down with a
crash. Inside, overturned tables and
chairs, fan tan beans scattered over
tho floor, capsized tea dishes and gen
eral confusion greeted them. .But of
gambling or gamblers there was no
sign.
The discomfited policemen wr
standing ln the center of the room
cursing their luck, when a doo
opened ln the wall and a fat round
Celestial face was thrust In. Look In
around, the Chinese inquired blandly:
"Whalla malla all you fella? You
wan tee noodle chop suey?"
Falsus ln Uno, Falsus in Omnibus.
Bob Thompson of Portland had a
little red runabout, which he sold to
a friend, and the friend painted it
blue with gilt trimmings, and In turn
made a deal with an acquaintance who
proposed to motor to California to
look around a bit.
'.'While you're in the neighborhood,"
said Bob'a friend, "take a squint at
my farm down there. It is youra : o
use. for taxes." And some free tips
about the farm were generously thrown
in with the car.
The man bound for California thf-r
pulled out At Mllwaukie the car
developed nostalgia and general ob
duracy. At Oregon City it balked al
together, and its owner offered It for
sale at a price that caused the astute
local authorities to call up its pre
vious owner in-Portland, asking If the
car had been stolen from him.
This gentleman smiled and said oh,
no, he had sold It all right, and re
frained from dwelling longer on tiie
matter.
The following day, however, he re-
ceived this letter from his friend, cn
route to California from Oregon City
by rail.
"Friend Wolcott: If your farm la
anything like your car, I wouldn't take
It as a gift."
One of the Laws of Propinquity.
Ansel R. Clark really didn't intend
to make it sound the way it did quite
the contrary, because lie has a pro
found respect for tha unself iahneas and
thrift of the man who tolls in the
fields. But when he addressed the
school ot commerce at the University
of Oregon Wednesday, ho inadvert
ently said it, and the students fairly
howled In appreciation.
"From these maps you will see,
young gentlemen." said the Portland
agent of the federal bureau of foreign
and domestics commerce, "that wiiijo
It is possible to segregate the terri
tory which may be called centers of
sheep production, of horse production.
of cattle production, the same cannot
be aald of hog production. The ho;;.
you may know, is a by-product of n
vefrslfied farming and cannot be raised
successfully ln enormous herd's such
as are cattle or aheep. The feed must
be raised on the Individual farm.
Therefore, you will note that hogs are
to be found on every farm ln com
paratively small numbers.
"1 may say, 'therefore, that wher
ever you find a farmer, there you will
find a hog."
Mr. Clark explained afterward Mmu
he was speaking with absolute literal
ness and not in any Pickwickian sens.
VI anted His Pay ln Money,
After considerable persuasion a fire
Insurance agent persuaded a thrifty
old German to Insure his barn for
11200, which, by the way, was twice
its value. Shortly after It wa.i In
sured it burned down, and tho Inst
ance adjuster offered him .".U0.
He shook his head and Ritlrl, "The
agent told me if she burns down 1 K't
11200. She burns down, and 1 uunt
my 11200."
"I'll tell you what we will do," said
the adjuster. "We will build you a
bigger and a better barn or pay you
1600 ln cash. You can take your
choice."
Some time thereafter a 1K insur
ance agent visited the old num. and
finding it impossible to get bim to in
sure his life he said, "Why not tako
out an insurance policy on your wife?"
He became very angry and said.
"You can't fool me twice. I know
what happens. If my wife die you
come around and offer to get me a
bigger and a better ona"
, Deplorable Equine Casualties.-
Fro hi the Roseburg Review.
F. J. Heillwell of Cottage Grove,
a relative of Barton Heillwell and E.
HaUiwell of this city, was tbe victim
of a brace of accidents during tha '
past week and nearly lost two horses
as a result
One horse bled to death on the way
home from Cottage Grove aftor hav
ing a tooth extracted. The other
horse, reaching up into a feeding
trough during the night reached ton
far and slipped. The animal's head
was caught in the trough and twisted
ln such a manner that tha horse was
unable to help Itself. Mr. Heillwell
heard the struggles of the animal and
went to its assistance. Just as be
secured an ax to out away the trough,
the lantern' went out. Working 1n
the dark, Mr. Htelllwell cut off one
of th horse's ears with the ax. Al
though tbe horse had severely Injured
Itself, it ls thought It will recover.
An Act of Tender Mercy.
From the Eugene Register,
Caught ln the gravel pit on the Wen
Cling branAi of tbe Southern Tacifle,
two fine mountain trout remained
there all last summer after the high
water last spring. Then one day last
week tbey were transferred in a bucket
to the fountain at the Southern Pa
cifio depot by three S. P. trainmen.
Owing to the lowering of the water
in the gravel pita the two trout were
ln danger of death. The fish are now
somewhat more at liberty and enjoy
daily feeds from passersby who know
of their presence. Th fish are lively
and rlsi quickly out of tha water for ,
good moraela. There are now fourln , t
the fountain. The trainmen who V
broughtesthem down are A. F. McKen- :
cie, H. C. Cook and Q. F. McLaughlin. ',
Uncle Jeff Snow Saysi t t
Robert Bruce Sohlagmior, who is big '
enough to milk a string of cows and? '
goes to school tagged br little Bandy, .
says he has been trying to figure out ' '
how many cows he wiu hav to milk '-' t '
to get a million dollars, and he hasn't '.Y
I earned 'rithmetloi enough yet to ,4a ' Y
It X told him there was a whole, lot V
of us Oregon farmers hadn't figured V
it . out, 'neither. ,fl Y;;.,.- - ;