THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, TUESDAY OCTOBER a, 1918.
AM INDEPENDENT KrWgPaPK8, i:
if
C S. JACKSON..
.Pnbuaaax
ffubllsbad avary Say,
oodir
food
r. Bi
forUasd. Or.
afternoon end moralag
rteraeoe), at The Journal
: (aarvot I
, BaUdlnc. Broadway as XaaaaUl eueeta.
'Kr. farad at the eostofflee at Portland. Or., for
. trsoamlasloa tbfoagb tba mails aa aaeond
1 elaaa matter.
'KLKPBON ES Mala T1T3J Borne. A-SOSt.
all aapartiaaata reached by tbaea, aambara.
' TU the opart tor what department yon want
I'ORBIGN ADVKRTI81HO BJiPBESBIlTATIVS
BraJamta Ksntnor Co.. Branawlclt Bid.,
fcU ruth Aa.. Mow Xork. Ull epl.'
6s Bide, Chicago.
Subscription tern by nail ar to any addissa
t- la tta TJnltsd Statas or Mexico:
DA1LT (MOBNINO OB ATTEKNOON)
Dm 7 tax ,-.$8.00 I Ona atonta 9 M
SUNDAY
On year $2.00 I Ona month 9 .25
gtAlLX (MOENINO OB APTEBNOON) AND
- ( bdndai
(hit year 97-60 Ona month 9 M
America atka notblnjr for herself but what
aba baa a rlfUt to ask for naroinlty Itself.
-.'. WOODBOW WILSON.
'. Millions for defense, bat not cant (or
trlbota. CHARLES C. PINCKNKY.
BIdj la be thousand years of peace.
Tennyson.
THE BREMEN'S FATE
PEACE OR WAR WHICH?
HE vague and untrustworthy
story that a relic of the Bre
tt en hat been picked up
somewhere along the Atlanti.
coast goes to confirm the grow
lag; suspicion that that submarine,
- from which so much was hoped.
pas been lost. It may have been
'Captured. It may have been
wrecked. Some accident to its ma
. chlnery may have brought a dread
, .ful fate upon It at the bottom of
. ? the sea. ,
? At any rate nothing has been
r heard of the daring vessel for so
long, that the worst forebodings
seem the most probable. It is not
- likely that the course of evold
. tion for seafaring craft runs be
neath the sea. The fish had thir
chance to become the ruling race
On earth but they ma Jo very little
:. , Of it. A species ot fish that could
v ' survive on solid land presently be
came superior to its submarine
; parent and finally developed Info
'-.the shape of all-conquering man.
'. jThe course of invention in our
, day gives no ground to expect that
,' naval or commercial supremacy
'will be won under the surface of
'the. waters. The submarine, like
the shark, is a terrible foe, but it
: '. is too vulnerable to become a
V; 'Conqueror and ruler.
'St'Kext veek Is fire prevention
week. Half the annual losses by
fir In the whole world occur in
the United States. Children play
ing with matches and careless use
6f gasoline start more fires in
Portland than all other causes corn
lined. The decrease of 1003 tires
In a single year as a result of the
Pprtland firemen's fire prevention
campaign is example of how fire
" prevention pays.
R
HE cleverness with which Mr. Roosevelt presents his contention
that President Wilson should have gone to' war 'with Mexico and
Germany is what makes it dangerous.
His argument Is exceedingly adroit. It can easily mislead
the unthinking. The appeal to American courage has an undoubted
tendency to fill reckless people with ideas of military glory.
Thus, in his Battle Creek address, he appeals lor tne election oi
Mr. Hughes on the ground that it will, as he says, "save America"
from "cowardice" by substituting "straightforward action" for "weasel
words." "Weasel words," of course, is the term applied by Mr. Roose
velt to the president's notes to Germany.
In the same speech, Mr. Roosevelt said:
President Wilson bv tils nailer of TAME SUBMISSION TO INSULT AND
INJURY FROM ALL. WHOM HE FEARED, has Invited the murder of our
men, women and. children by Mexican bandits on land and GERMAN SUB
MARINES ON THE SKA.
Arguing for war and against peace, and speaking of those who
commend President Wilson for "keeping us out of war," Mr. Roosevelt
said, at Battle Creek: '
If the American people of today are willing- to accept such leadership,
they will alve Justification for the belief that they prise ease and comfort
above the principles for which their forefathers suffered and died.
we of the United States Invite disaster, we sacmice every principle ot
manhood. If we raise a breed of men in this country who determine vital
issues in such fashion. Such men, when they face any issue, merely ask if
It is difficult to meet It honestly and bravely; and if it la. they Instantly
proceed to meet it dishonestly and timidly. They measure the acts of their
publio men in terms of immediate material content and ease. They do not
require them to act In terms of right and Justice. They say that they stand
for the administration because it has kept us out of war, and has averted
a strike. They refuse seriously to consider, as all high-minded Americans
ought to consider, the president's refusal to do his plain and honest duty by
meeting great crises honorably and courageously.
It cannot be denied, that this is a clever presentation of Mr. Hughes'
and Mr. Roosevelt's plan for "deeds, not words." In fact, Mr. Roose
velt's arguments are more cleverly presented than are Mr. Hughes'
arguments against President Wilson's struggle for peace. Mr. Roose
velt further said at Battle Creek:
These persons do not ask whether he averted the strike honorably or dis
honorably, any more than they ask whether he averted war honorably or dis
honorably. They have been too timid and too short sighted to make any
sacrifice for the sake of right and Justice or to undergo any risk in order to
preserve the foundations of. democracy and of free government In America.
I am convinced that the conscience of this people has been seared
and its moral sense dulled by the leadership of the administration and of
congress during the laat three years. These false servants of the people
have taught us to enjoy soft ease and swollen wealth in the present without
taking one effective step to ward off ruinous disaster In the future. These
false servants of the people have betrayed the soul of the nation.
This is as strong aa the argument that President Wilson should
have gone to war can be put. He says those who are thankful that the
president averted war are "too timid and too short-sighted." He Bays
they do not Inquire whether the president "acted dishonorably" in
"averting war." He says they so prize their own "ease and comfort
that they shrink from war. He says when we raise "a breed of men"
who believe that war is to be avoided, we "invite disaster."
These are the usual arguments against peace, but Mr. Roosevelt Is
so clever and so forcible In the way he presents them that they arc
dangerous to peace. They are so bold and bo audacious that there are
unthinking heads that they will turn
Nothing can be more sobering than to think on what would be the
consequences if, on the issue Mr. Roosevelt thus raises. President Wil
son should be repudiated. Mr. Roosevelt would immediately accept
Mr. Hughes' election as a declaration by the American people in favor
of a war policy. Mr. Hughes, who takea exactly the same ground as
Mr. Roosevelt on the president's foreign policy, would immediately
accept his election as a declaration of the American people in favor of
his demand for "deeds, not words." All tho annexationist newspapers
in the United States would accept It as a declaration by the American
peopie in ravor or annexing Mexico Dy use or American armies,
All the hundreds of American newspapers that have been demand
ing armed .intervention in Mexico would accept it as a declaration by
the American people in favor of invading and subjugating Mexico by
armed force. Joseph G. Cannon recently declared in the house that we
ought to capture the City of Mexico, set up a military government there
and proceed to govern that country until order could.be restored, a
plan that army officers told President Taft would require an army of
500,000 men two years at a cost of $1,000,000 a day. Mr. Cannon
would accept Mr. Hughes' election as a declaration by the American
people in. favor of his plan.
Indeed, the American people themselves would be forced to admit
that, by repudiating President Wilson and his policy of peace, a ma
jority of them had declared in favor of Mr. Roosevelt's and Mr. Hughea
war policy, which policy Mr. Hughes declared in his Chicago speech to
be the paramount issue of this campaign.
As an example of what the Roosevelt-Hughea war policy would lead
to, we are partly informed by Mr. Roosevelt's Battle Creek speech. In
that speech he said that if he had been president at the time of the
sinking of the Lusltania, "I WOULD INSTANTLY HAVE TAKEN POS
SESSION OF EVERY GERMAN SHIP INTERNED IN THIS COUNTRY."
That would have been an act of war. It would have been the be
ginning of hostilities. That would have been "deeds, not words." That
would have so angered the then victorious German people that, even if
he so desired, the kaiser could not have resisted their demand for a
declaration of war against the United States. It would have meant our,
lmmeaiaie ana ierrie:e piunge into tne vortex of the European conflict.
It would have meant the immediate dispatch of all available Ameri
can warshipB to Europe. It would have meant the hasty mobilization
of the American army.
It would have meant the immediate calling out of the national
guard of the various states. It would have meant hurried and pressing
cans lor volunteers.
It would have meant the breaking up of American homes by the de
parture of sons, brothers, husbands and fathers to the battle front
It would have meant the departure for the bloody trenches of thousands
upon thousands of Americans who would never return. It would have
meant the disappearance of the transcendent prosperity brought into
mis country Decause rresiaeni wiison Das kept us in peace. It would
because "she had burled ten was
a fair ' sample of the untaught
mother. -
' ' In primitive life nnder uncivil
ized conditions instinct does un
questionably teach, the mother
dimly how to take care of her
baby. But we do not live the prim
itive life under uncivilized condi
tions. Our life is highly compli
cated. Babies born now-a-days
incur - perils which were unknown
to our savage ancestors.. Germs
lie in ambush for them in the
milk bottle, the Vlr theyl breathe,
the clothes they wear. If they are
not protected from these germs
they perish. No maternal Instinct
teaches the mother how to protect
them. Indeed, instinct is often a
traitor in the house opening the
gates to death.
The modern mother needs educa
tion. It may flatter her to talk
about the infallibility of her in
stinct but such flattery is fatal to
the next generation. Instinct has
its place in the maternal economy,
but without the guidance of scien
tific knowledge it is not to be
trusted. The mother who wants to
rear her baby will not depend upon
gossip but she will turn to science
for her instruction.
SMALL CHANGE
street railroads, ' and electrte- interur-?
ban railroads, Irom any stale or terri
tory of the United States or the Dis
trict of Columbia, or from one place
in a territory to another place in the
same territory, or from any place in
eign country, or rrom any piace in te i Tft and tha TAn.i m.v. . -
United States through a foreign coun-jthe axT
try to any oiner piace in u.? , Th- .imi-.i nK I.
made by the man who la not arguing;
u is just teuing you.
PERT1N ENT COM M ENT AN D N EWS IN BRIEF
States: Provided, That the above ex
ceptions shall not apply to railroads
though less than 100 miles In length
whose principal business is leasing or
furnishing terminal or transfer facili
ties to other railroads, or are them
selves engaged in transfers of freight
between railroads or between railroads
and industrial plants.
"Section 2. That the president shall
appoint a commission of three, which
Well, if the poor find themselves
breadless, there's cake, as the queen of
France onoe took the trouble to point
out.
But folks won't'have to pay anything
iot teaching the baby "Fatty Cake.
I'atty Cake, Baker Man," will they, do
you suppose i
Those who Insist that "the Amerl-
shall observe the operation and effects I f n ar.J;n "n?"1 unpopular nation in
of the institution of the eight-hour LheJT?r1,d- f L",a" they wer frid
a MBjaa-aw aw aW a, Wa
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Pendleton's fire chief has turned In
the gratifying report that there were
Rag Tag and Bobtail
Stories From Everywhere
I To tbla column an raadra or Tba Joaram I
are Invited to coa trlbota original mat tar In
standard ' work day as above defined
and the facts and conditions affecting
the relations between such common
carriers and employ eg during a period
of not lees -than six months nor more
than nine months, in the discretion of
the commission, and within 80 days
thereafter .such, commission shall re
port its: findings to the president and
congress; that each member of the
commission created under the provi
sions of this act shall tecelve such
Marse Henry Vv'atterson notes that
"In the world at large the things that
were are passing away." But is that
not equally true ot the things that are?
One of the many reasons for the
high cost of living is that those who
have things to sell are afraid some
body has had bis salary raised without
their knowledge; and they are taking
no chances. 5 "
It is the hich tributPof a standoat
exchange that Horace White, authority
Letters From the People
(Communication! acnt to Tba Journal (or
publication In tbla department anould b writ
ten on only one aide ot tba paper, abould not
exceed 3(K word In length, and muet be ac
companied by tne name and address of the
lender. If tne writer does not desire to hare
tba name published be should ao state.
"Discnealon la tba greatest of all reformers.
It rationalises everything- It touches. It robs
principles of all falsa sanctity and throws tbem
back on their reasonableness, if they bare no
reasonableness. It ruthlessly crushes tbem oat
of existence and sets up Its own conclusions la
their atead." -Woodrow Wilson.
The "Golden, Special" Tourists.
Portland, Or.. Oct. 2. To the Editor
of The Journal I note that our dear
sisters from New York city are going
to tour this country In a train that
will cost the modest sum of $1,000,000,
and these dear women are going to
give their time and boost to make
votes for Hughes. Undoubtedly they
will draw big crowds that will enjoy
seeing the show, for It isn't every day
that one has an opportunity to see a
millionaire's oar.
But It won't draw votes. Why? Be
cause the masses that have earned
their bread by the sweat of their brow
don't care so much about the ring of
metal and a few silken rags, as to
have the knowledge that the rural
credit system, enacted irHo law under
President Wilson, will enable them to
read their title clear and raise the
mortgages and live under the same
canopy of heaven created for poor and
rich alike and enjoy the freedom of
the air and sunshine with eight hours
of labor instead of 16.
And many other things President
Wiison has done to make life's 'ills
more tolerable. Think of the net prof
Its of the railroads. 11,176,804.001,
when they were- predicting bankruptcy
that would fall upon industry.
All honor to our president.
And those dear women are coming
from their palatial homes to chatter
about tariff and perhaps tell us many
things we do not know about the ad
ministration and some things we do
know better than they can tell us.
Woodrow Wilson has brought us safe
through fiery trials and gladdened ev
ery mother's heart that her son has
been spared the cruel fate of a horrible
war or brought home maimed for Ufa
or left to languish in a prison cell.
We have great reason to be thankful
and show our appreciation the 7 th day
of November for what President Wil
son has done for us.
And he will be elected. C. K, O.
compensation as may be fixed by the on finance, who died recently, "never
president. That the sum of 125,000, or ontertalned a vagary, and no passing
so much thereof aa may be necessary, levftr 'umpn-i 5?
. . , . . , . , . same It might be said of Louis XIV,
be, and hereby is. appropriated, out of George m nd Nebuchadnezzar.
any inuney 111 v. no umiea dimes treas
ury not otherwise appropriated, for
the necessary and proper expenses In
curred in connection with the work of
such commission. Including salaries,
per diem, traveling expenses of mem
bers and employes, and rent, furniture,
office fixtures and supplies, books, sal
aries and other necessary expenses', the
same to be approved by the chairman
of said commission and audited by the
proper accounting officers of the treas
ury. "Section 3. That pending the report
of the commission herein provided for
ana for a period of 30 days.' thereafter.
no fires during the Round-Up, and hejatory, la verse or la pblioaopblaal obeerTatloa
. . . . . i . . . . ... . nr r n ,i n. Anmiibin, . km. . m nw ami ..
aunDuies tne race in part to prsoau
tions taken by those who cleaned up
inflammable trash prior to the big
show. mi'
Farming in Gilliam is a good game,
of which proposition the Condon Times
furnishes this confirmation: "Jim
Cameron says the grain raised on the
ranch he bought Irom Bert Caaon
would pay for the land If be owned
the whole crop, aa it is, his share of
the grain will leave him quite a re
spectable sum of money."
a '
A 1 ha n ir ha a a. uf.tr flrat nrdinanee I
that prescribes traffic signs at the dif- j He had been mourning In proper com
ferent school houses of the city, and pany the change soon to come, and was
tlvese have been placed by the street I consequently somewhat under that ln
superintendent. The ordinance pro-!fi...A
vides that automobiles shall not travel . ,
strmng auoutloos. from - any sourer.
Contributions of exceptional, taealt will be paid
tor, at tba editor's appraisal , v
The Tale of a Quick-Witted Cop.
CONCERNING, as It does, one of
Portland's finest, who might be
cbllgad to resign If his name were
printed, this little tale of the effect (
the habit of authority hall bear W
names. J '
We will call him Patrolman X.
Patrolman X went home one night
just before prohibition went Into effect.
faster than eight miles In passing tha
school house, and that the driver shall
honk as he passes, Giving school chil
dren warning. m
"Enrollment in the Hood River
schools last weak," says last Wednes
day's News, "was 10 per cent greater
than last year and it is more evident
than ever before that the new grade
and high cchools, now under construc
tion, will fill a real need In providing
adequate educational facilities for
Hood River's increasing younger feneration."
THE PRESIDENT'S DEFENSE
From the St. Paul Pioneer Press.
(Republican.)
It is one thing to make an admin
lstratlve record. It Is another thing
to defend It. Whatever may be said
of President Wilson's performance in
office, his own account of his steward
ship, as enunciated In his acceptance
speech yesterday, is a masterly essay
not only upon the subject of his own
accomplishments, but upon the evolu
tion of the times. As rhetorlo It is
the compensation of railway employes i faultless and refreshing. As argument
subject to this act for a standard
eight-hour work day shall not be re
duced below the present standard day's
wage, and for all necessary time In
excess of eight hours such employee
shall be paid at a rate not' less- than
the pro rata rate for such standard
eight-hour work day.
"Section 4. That any person violat
ing any provision of this act shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor anft upon con
viction shall be fined no ness than
1100 and not more than S1000, or Im
prisoned not to exceed one year, or
both."
A PLAN
EORGANIZE the state high
way commission on a non
partisan, non-salaried basis.
Begin the development of
s; state trunk system by concen
: tratlng on the completion of the
two main highways, the Columbia have meant the withdrawal of millions of men, from productive Indus
'River highway from the sea to trJ the sending of all the boys of American farms to death or lnva
. . - I I! Jl I A V. a . .
uuiaui in irencu-seaiuea Europe, it wouia nave meant financial crash.
Business depression ana stagnated industry. It would have meant bil
ions of debt saddled upon this country as it la being saddled unon
UiUrope ior future generations to pay by their sweat and toil
me issue is rasae. xvir. xtooseveu s ana Mr. Hughes' attacks on
President Wilson for his struggle for peace and Its consequent pros-
pen iy are uuaKiug me gravest issue iacea by this country since the
Pendleton, La Grande and Baker
and the Pacific highway from tha
Interstate bridge to the California
.boundary. embracing both tho
' east side and west side Willam-
ette valley counties.
-' These two concrete propositions
are urged by many in the way of
.Suggestion of a constructive high
"Sway program for the next few
years.
Among the acknowledged fail
ures of the present state adminls-
: tration the road policy of the state
highway commission as directed by
Governor Wlthycombe and Treas
urer Kay, .constituting a majority
of the commission, stands out most
prominently. Secretary Olcott. the
. minority member, is the only one
Of the commission who haa ap
parently sensed the true function
of a state' aided road system. The
others have seemingly Interpreted
the meaning of the words "state
aid" in. the light of politics, tem
porary expediency and local preju
dice towards sections and indi
vifluals.
. - The highway fund Instead of be
ing;, centralised on the construction
of main roads which would serve
the centers of greatest population
baa been distributed tor expert
- ment and in small amounts on lo
cal roads in a vain effort to satisfy
local sentiment at the expense ot
the general -Interest Aa a natural
consequence the money has been
eaten up in, overhead expense and
no permanent results have "been
achieved. .
"When the present administra
tion came Into power it found
newly''- created road organization
full Of promise which it promptly
proceeded" to undermine at the
insistence ; of ' certain 'contractors
smd contracting politicians " who
Civil war.
had found that they could not
control.
How welUthe' majority members
of the commission succeeded In
their work of wreckage is attested
by the lack of progress, by the
records of the supreme court in
the controversy regarding chief
engineer and by the extra amounts
above the engineer's figures which
have been awarded grading con
tractors in Columbia, Hood River
and Clatsop counties, aggregating
approximately $50,000.
With a state highway commis
sion . conducted on business lines
instead of political there would be
no difficulty in securing the con
fidence of taxpayers who would
without any protest contribute a
reasonable tax for state road pur
poses.
Furthermore it would be a much
more easy matter to get the money
allotted to Oregon under the fed
eral aid act if a concise, businesslike
plan is submitted to the depart
ment of agriculture with the as
surance that it will be completed
and that a dollar's worth, of road
will be secured for every dollar
expended.
In the present situation no sudh
guarantee can be given.
"iror purely Business reasons,
the welfare of the country demands
Wilson's reelection." . So Bays
Henry Ford, one of the most suc
cessful business men in America.
T 4 V - .
"-no statement or sucn a man
or tne statement of a calamity
howling politician most to be be
lieved as to what is' best for "the
welfare of America?"
T
BRINGING UP BABIES
HE esteemed Pittsburg Press
preaches a sermonette on
Bringing Up Babies" which
we have read with great edi.
iivauuu. out mere is one sen
tence in it that stumps us. Hero
it Is: "Even though mothers do
lose too large a proportion of their
offspring, they have not watched
their offspring since the beginning
of the world without learning a
lew truths about them." We wish
the Pittsburg Press or somebody
else would please show us
mother who has "watched her off
spring since the beginning of tne
world." Such a- woman must be
a more stupendous wonder than
the Wandering jew.
No mother could have watched
her own or other children for so
many million years without accn
mulating rich stores ot maternal
wisdom. But who has done it
Certainly the ordinary mother has
not. What she knows about rear
ing children has been too often
learned from neighborhood gossip
which is nine parts Ignorant tra
dition and one part folly. The
good dame who boasted that she
ought to know how to rear babies
it impresses, and impression Is next
door to conviction.
One of Mr. Wilson's, chief advant
ages has been given him by his critics.
In answer to the deluge of criticism,
verging Into captlousness and abuse,
that has been poured upon his head, he
maintains an attitude of dignity and
reserve, of self confidence and discrim
ination in expression, which adds more
power to his words than sheer logic.
The chief point ot Interest in Mr.
Wilson's address is his answer to the
indictment of his Mexican record.
Strictly speaking it is not an answer.'
it mentions none of the incidents
which are made targets by the Re-1
publican marksmen. Rather than an
answer It Is another argument. It
sets forth principles the magnanimity
end Justice of which are unchallenge
able. It makes the point that "the
people of small and weak states have
the right to expect to be dealt with
exactly as the people of big and pow
erful states would be." It maintains
that we could not act directly in de
fense of the lives of Americans in
Mexico "without denying Mexicans the
right to any revolution at all which
disturbed us and making the emancipa
tion of her own people await our own
interest and convenience." All of
which Is Impressive In Its stately ex
pression, though subject to doubt in
its practical application.
The president. is "evidently appre
hensive as to how his record will be
Farmers and Tariffs.
Portland. Oct. 1. To the Editor of
The Journal Can the Oregonlan and
Evening Telegram, by petty editorial
misrepresentation, win votes for the
Republican ticket in Oregon? Within
the laat few days both of these papers
have implied that the farmer, stock
raiser and poultryman are suffering
from the effects of the Underwood tar
iff schedule. The fact that they re
sort to deception proves that, as the
campaign nears the end. they are still
without an issue, just as the party dis
played its weakness when it chose a
candidate whose views on the vital
Questions that confronted the country
were unknown and which remain un
known today.
In Its issue of October 30 the Ore
gonlan published a comparison of the
Payne-Aldrlch and Underwood tariffs
as they affect the products of the
northwest. Editorial comment on the
figures waa Intended, of course, to win
the farmers' vote. On the front page
of the same issue appeared a report
of the department of agriculture, In
which it was shown that the prices of
meat animals, hogs, cattle, sheep and
chickens, increased 4.1 per cent from
August 15 to September IB. The prices
prevailing during this period were 23.7
per cent higher than last year, 10.6 per
cent higher than two years ago, and
22.5 per cent higher than the average
of, the last six years, -during a part of
which time the Payne-Aionca scneauie
was in effect.
The editor of the Oregonlan failed
to extend sympathy to the poverty-
stricken cattle-raiser because William
K. Taft succeeded In having the tariff
rem6ved from hides. Hides have ad
vanced ever since. So has everything
else, all of which proves the folly of
the Oregonlan editor's argument and
exposes his plight QUESTIONER.
The Eight-Hour Bin.
Gresham. Or.. Sept. 80. To the Edi
tor of The Journal There Is a great
deal of controversy on the Adamson
eight-hour bill, and I would like very
much if you would print the complete
111 again In your paper. Boms of the
Hughes men are following iurnes- ex
ample in knocking the hill and I want
to convince them that they are on the
wrong track, A. E. ADAMS.
(The text of the act is as follows:
"An act to establish an eight-hour
day for employes engaged in Interstate
and foreign commerce, and for other
purposes:
"Be it enacted by the senate and
house of representatives of the United
State of America In congress assem
bled: That beginning January 1, 1917,
eight hours shall. In contracts for la
bor and service, be deemed a day's
work and the measure or standard of
a day's work for the purpose of reck
oning th compensation for services of
all employes who are now or may here
after be employed by any common
carrier by railroad, except railroads In
dependently owned aad operated, not
exceeding 100 miles in length, electric
a tree t railroads and electrlo interurban
railroads, which is -subject to. the pro
visions of the act of February 4, 1887.
entitled, 'An act to regulate commerce,'
as amended, and who are now or may
hereafter be actually engaged in any
capacity In the operation of trains used
for the transportation of persons or
property on railroads, except railroads
independently owned and operated not
, exceeding 100 miles in length, electric
The Ruling Class Which?
Portland, Or., Sept. 20. To the Edi
tor of The Journal The rich, power
ful, ruling class of this country want
Mr. , Hughes elected president. Mr.
Wilson is entirely too much of a com
moner like Jefferson and Lincoln.
Every nation has a ruling class. Could
this government run without the
Goulds, Goelets, Harrimans, Vander
bilts, Morgans and Rockefellers? They
control the majority of he big dally
papers, the magailnes, the railroads,
steamship lines, street railway fran
chises, waterpower, coal mines. Insur
ance companies, etc. They want a
big standing army to keep peace at
home and collect debts abroad. They
want a high enough tarlf. to absolute
ly control the home market and pay
dividends on billions of watered stock
in their Industrial trusts.
They know Hughes, and they want
iiugnea. Are tne American people cap-
ah!. f? m .1 r n. , T 1 A
Wilson believes, or must we have a n article m "' ,T .,
rich, ruling class, as Mr. Hughes be- th Encyclopedia Britannlca after
lleves? The coming election on No- much study and investigation rfT"
vember 7 will determine this for ail his Judgment and "Intumu upwrM
time, so far as this nation is con- wnsl h ' IT 7, r
cerned. GEORGE SMITH. I tlantc' wno h u ? " . " ,vl ".,v,.nV
i giving mucn uLLtsiiwuii w -was
expected to deliver a reply, but
sfortin.no. tir K.m no t th. wt. , his researches confirmed exactly the
tor of The Journal In contrast with testimony of Crelghton
the condition, which are claimed to' n ni oi me iiiui
prevail all around us, it is refreshing'" not appear tyrannical for you and
to note from your Issue of last evening ' to be at the mercy of a Pnotlce
that times must be good at the city who8 ue ". t . i H vot
hall, where our worthy mayor and J quasUonableT Vote 810 X if you
eiml-r'. BJ? I"" I ?ree' domand9 reTa'sTd "f rouTln.
wor.ea city i . . . , rfHnr.tlsm
LlUlUCB uivvs ' -
ICONOCLAST.
Arriving safely on the porch of his
home, and managing to extract' the .
proper latch key from his collection of
keyB, he tried to unlock the door. But,
aa Don Marquis says, "there were six .
little keyholes and only one key," and
somehow he couidn't manage it.
After trying In vain to pick out tha
proper keyhole he leaned, sleekly
against the door Jamb and . thought:
"Locked door -policeman wanting to
get In " that was the way his
thoughts ran. Sudden a great light
dawned.
He threw back his coat, revealing his
police badge, and shouted stentorousiy :
"Open, in the name, of .the law!"
The Evergreen IUacltberry.
Bear Creek Correspondence Canby
Herald. fV
The evergreen blackberry la in Its
prime and Is ripening 10 such quan
tities that our language seems inade
quate to convey any Idea of the over
whelming supply. The words "abund
ance" and "profusion" appear weak
when used to give a thought of. tliclr
inconceivable multitude.
To one unaccualomed to thla view,
the stately upward sweep ot the vlnen
climbing 20 feet skyward, gllstenliiK
in the sunahlne, their dark green
mingled with a seemingly equal num
ber of shining black and bright red
berries. Is overpowering and the ad
mixture of un ripened fruit shows that
the supply is to reman undiminished
for days to come.
Pickers coma from every direction,
some in their autos from adjacent
towns. Many of the ranchers . take
great boxes of them home, not-only
for present UBe, and for the winter'
store, but for the making of home
brewed wine, and Hill, the vines look
as full as at first.
The picking of berries so large and .
so abundant would be an unalloyed
delight were that possible In this
world, but, the thorns are as large,
as sharp and as many" as the spines
of the Mexican cactus. Only 4lia
splendid quality of the! fruit could in
cite the courage necessary to tliu
picker's task. -
This Was Told fori the Truth.
Prom the Auhland Tidings.
The Ashland band's trip to Hi
Chelco Cove carnival was replete with
laugh-provoking incidents but the
tory they are telling concerning a
happenstance In a Crescent city eat
Inir lolnt nn th return trln lina them
Its authbrs recital these are the,all bea, Director Loveland and four
points for the American people to de- of tne Dand boyB wellt Jnto tne rM
eld- taurant and all were Kreatly at-
tracted by the announcement of ronut
to be worth more. The fact stands In beef for 35 cents with a side dlni
musing contrast to some of the dole-' of macaroni and cheese for 16 cent.
l ne rair loi iorie county aamsri
harkened to their wants hied
accepted by the business interests of
the country. For he makes a detailed
recital of what the administration has
done to free the channels of trade, to
aid small industry and to curb and
rectify business which was overstep
ping its rights. His most significant
general charge is that the Republican
leaders know of no means of assisting
business but "protection" or the grant
ing of government favors whether in
the tariff, ocean shipping or some
other line. "How to stimulate it and
put It on a new footing of energy and
enterprise," he declares, "they have
not suggested."
A tribute may oepald to one of the
closing sentences of the president's
plea for approval of tha . Democratic
regime. It is an exhortation which
condemns his own party in congress
more pointedly In the light of recent
history than it does the Republicans.
"We believe," asserts the president,
"that the day of Little Americanism,
with Its narrow horizons, when meth
ods of 'protection' and industrial nurs
ing were the CTilef study of our pro
vincial statesmen, Js past and gone.
and that a day of enterprise has at
last dawned for the United States
whose field is the wide world."
It Is a good phrase "Little Amer
icanism." We hope It will live, for
only by repeating the word will "lit
tle" statesmen realize the fact, wheth
er they are Republicans voting for
subsidies or Democrats voting for
child labor. Little Ajnertcanlsm, nar
row diplomacy, short-sighted concep
tion of rights and duties these are
charges which certain statesmen of
either of the major parties cannot es
cape. President Wilson has ably enun
ciated the issues, haa eloquently de
fended his record. Whether he has
successfully grappled with these Is
sues, whether the record Is worthy of
ful comments on the Adamson bill. A
good deal of truly American buncombe '
who
employes an Increase In wages. This
Is well, if the conditions of the city
finances would warrant it, even to in$
creasing the salary of Commissioner
D leek's secretary to $150 per month,
whose position is surely worth It.
However, now is the time when the
city should cut expenses to the bone,
and If the state of the city finances is
as It has been reported to be, this ad
ditional expense Is entirely uncalled
for, and should be left until we are
better able to afford It. With times
so hard and taxes so high every dollar
possible should be saved by the com
missioners, and no expense but what
Is absolutely necessary incurred.
The extravagance of the present ad
ministration is getting beyond all
bounds, and until times are better and
our financial condition materially Ira
1 1 a rool t in I lm Ultnlion ind retiirnArl
waa emitted whllet the Adamson bill . shortly to announce a shortage of
was before congress and some of it macaroni and cheese there being only
came from the lips of men who pride one helping left. Carl Loveland won
themselves on being accurate, bust- out n the matching contest for the
nessllke, and wholly free from the dish and generously divided when the
vices of politicians. When a question savory Italian dflloacy arrived, L",
Involving private Interests of such ! and behold, when check time earn.
every check was 50 cents. Remon
strance Invoked the Ironclad state
ment that since they all had eaten
the macaroni they all had to pay the
price. And they did.
Will Vote for tho Man.
Wauna. Or.. Sept. 29 To the Editor
T v. Ton rn a.1 A few days ago in
I Portland I met an old friend, who at
i all times has been a sunch Repub
lican, and has held offices under Re
publican administrations. He asked
me If I would wear a Wilson button if
he would pin one on my coat. I told
him 1 was thinking quite seriously
about the coming contest, and had de-
cided to cast my vote jor the man ths
time, regardless or party.
After reading Mr. Hughes' speeches,
I find them devoid of weight. He asks
us to make him president In this, the
most critical time. Just when we need
a man of Iron nerve and unfaltering
I sometimes thin it mat trovi
proved, any addtlonal burden on the ince has done us a kindly turn during
taxpayers is a crime.
HOME
OWNER.
The Auditorium and Acoustics.
Portland, Sept, 80. To the Editor
of The Journal In the building of
Portland's auditorium It is to be hoped
that attention will be given to the
matter of acoustics something that
seems never to have been thought of
before In Portland, Judging from the
miserable failures of all the halls of
the city with which the writer is ac
quainted in this regard.
To illustrate how not to do It, it is
suggested that an inspection of the
Waiting-room of the Southern Pacific
Sixteenth street depot at Oakland. Cal.,
be made, as it is an example of the
very worst acoustics that ever came j
under the observation of the writer.
Then remember that angles, beams and
trusses projecting from ceilings are
fatal to good acoustics. W. H. W. j
Vaccination.
Halsey, Or.. Sept, SO. To the Editor
of The Journal Election day is draw
ing near, when it devolves upon the
voters to decide what they consider
best for the welfare of the country.
The maxim of American liberty al
ways haa been, "Absolute freedom to
each individual where the rights of
others are not at stake." Depart from
this and we approach tyranny, which
has unwittingly been done In some re
spects. In many parts of the United States
compulsory vaccination haa been intro
duced in some form which not only
crushes our sacred principle, but dis
regards the consciences of those wlio
sincerely believe the practice to be.
injurious to them and their children.
If I would rather take the risk of con
tracting smallpox than being vacci
nated, what Is. that to the other In
dividual? If Tsocination is a protec
tion against smallpox, is the other
person who prefers to be vaccinated
endangered by my negligence?
And the medical authorities would
have us believe that the opponents of
vaccination are an ignorant and unde
sirable class, of people who possess no
knowledge regarding medical treat
ment. Yet. Dr. John Eppa, who for
25 years was director of the Jennerian
institute of London, after vaccinating
fully 120,000 people declared strongly
against vaccination. Adolf Vogt of
Switzerland, professor of hygiene and
sanitary statistics, says: "After col-
fleeting the particular of 400,000 cases
my belief in vaccination Is aboslutely
destroyed. Dr. Charles Crelghton. M.
D having been" appointed to write
this almost universal storm to have
made it possible for the snip of state
to be handled by the helmsman who ie
steering us- safely by the dangerous
shoals. -Who among us, in the shadow
of the storm, would have the right to
say to Mr. WUson. "Stand aside and let
me take the wheel"?
If Hughes had launched out In this
campaign In a clean-cut fashion, and
had credited our president with such
measures aa.have been enacted for the
best interests of the people, we could
look forward to a neck-and-neck con
test, but to the keen observer the rase
la AVir rtOW.
Relative to the railroad strike, avert
ed by Wilson, had It been precipitated,
it would have entailed misery, bank
ruptcy and death beyond estimate; and
to think the man seeking the highest
office of the land yet denouncing that
act as unconstitutional is another case
ht law versus . Justice. voterai are
thinkina- now as never before. Mr
Hughes has promised nothing to act as
a cure for the so-called ills of the prev
ent administration.
The cry Is going up from every part
requiring cars to move crops and man
ufactured products. To the thinker
this doesn't Just seem as If it were due
to an Inefficient administration. The
farmers and all others have, as it were.
taken on a new lease or lire. The new
banking -lawja aurely bring- enlarged
freedom andj security.
Our decision at this time would also
seem one of two things whether we
I would have the young manhood of pur
country shea tneir niooa on the sun
baked plains of a foreign country, or
keep the chairs all filled at the fire
sides of peaceiui nomes in a peaceful
country. J. M LARTI.
Bad Wilson Done Otherwise.
From the Detroit Times (Ind.).
Had the president held out against
the demands of the strikers and let
them do their worst, there would have
been a still more wolf-like howl from
these newspapers for tying up the
country and letting packers, fruit
growers and a multitude of others bear
the loss.
And the Trains Still Run.
From the San Francisco Bulletin.
The recent trend of railroad secur
ities 'has been, on the whole, upward.
notwithstanding a certain piece of leg
islation perpetrated by congress short
ly before its adjournment, in a se
curity movement so broad aa thls,one
w. w-t At vis, 1 i j, TOaf1rfff uuMirltlAf
sea for more because they are thought tion can pursue.
magnitude arises In this country even
financiers sometimes become hysteri
cal.
"The Vanishing Race."
4' From the St. Paul Dispatch.
The assertion recently made by Cato
Sells, Indian commissioner, that tha
North American Indian actually Is in
creasing In population will come as a
surprise to many persons, long accus
tomed to consider the original Inhabi
tant of this country as a "vanishing
race." Yet census statistics bear out
Mr. Sells' statement and virtually all
authorities are or the opinion that
there now are more Indians In North
America than when Columbus discov
ered the continent. ' Including Canada
and Alaska, the Indian population of
America north of Mexico is approxl
ly 400,000.
Doubtless the popular fallacy con
cerning the Indian's "disappearance"
Originally is due to the fact that he j yOU ought
and consequently removed from large
areas which once he thickly inhabited.
Another element In the belief has been
caused by his "amalgamation" with
the whites In certain sections.
Whatever the cause of this widely
circulated auid persistent fallacy, it Is
not founded on fact, and although some
tribes are almost extinct and others ' past
largely decimated oy disease and war
fare, the race as a whole has not lost
In population and under better care and
more favorable conditions is showing
marked progress.
The Young Anatomist.
From the People's Home Journal.
The teacher had been giving a read
ing: on the anatomy of the body.
"Now, you see," She said, as she
closed her book and laid It on the
table, "the trunk Is In tha middle part
of the body. You understand that,
don't you?"
All the children except one chorused
"Yes, ma'am."
"You understand It, too?" asked
the teacher of the little boy who had
not spoken with the others.
"It's not so, ma'am," answered lit
tle Stephen.
"Why," said the teacher in aston
ishment, "what do you mean?"
Well,' replied the boy earnestly.
to go to the circus and
see the elephant."
Putting Down the Military.
From the Philadelphia Ledger-.
email boy aatride of a donkey
was taking some supplies to an army
camp In Texas not long ago, and got
there Just as a detachment of soldier
preceded by a band was marching
Talks Yet Says Nothing.'
William Reedy In Ready's Mirror.
Candidate Hughes still continues to
beat the air aimlessly. His speeches
have added nothing to the futile fault
finding of his speech of acceptance.
It Is easy to stand by and find fault
with what a man Is doing, without
giving him the key to doing it better.
This Is Hughes. He merely grumbles
and kicks.
The Mexican policy of Wilson espe
cially excites his opposition, yet he
does not outline a policy which might
or might not have worked. It Is diffi
cult to deal with political chaos, ig
norance and lawlessness In a way to
please anybody. It would be Interest
ing, although not convincing, to know
what Mr. Hughes would have done in
similar circumstances. In finding
fault with WUson. Mr. Hughea appar
ently intones the point that the oresl-
dent of Mexico was virtually dealing
with a huge mob to put which down by
force would gain this country nothing
and lose It much.
Ie Mr. Hughes afraid to venture
even an alternative theory in opposi
tion to the Wilson practice?
In Montana.
The Yellowstone' Daily Journal,
which for many years was Issued
under the management of Colonel Sam
Gordon, long one of the wheelhorses
of the Republican party la Montana,
has declared unequivocally for Wood
row Wilson. In announcing its Inten
tion to support th Democratic na
tional candidates, th Journal said:
"Regardless of party affiliations, we
believe the best man now before the
Country for election to the presidential
chair Is WJlson. And. further, we be
lieve that his advocacy of world peace,
his foreign policy, hi program of pre
paredness, his red-blooded American
ism and his administration of Internal
The lad dismounted and held she
bridle of tha donkey tightly in hie
hand.
"Why are you holding on to your
brother so hard?" asked a group of
soldiers who were standing near and
wanted to tease the country boy.
."I'm afraid be might enlist." said
th lad, without batting an eyelash,
: Paxzle: 11 ac e the Comma
From the Boston Olobe.
Mr. Kunseys New Tork Sun yester
day regretfully announced the death
of "Joslah Royce Alford. professor of
natural religion, moral philosophy,
and civil policy at Harvard univer
sity." "Policy," of course, waa a mis
print for "polity," but the Sun showed
that it had not unwlttlncly misplaced
was the author of many books and
magazine articles, and his work has
attracted much attention bojh in this
country and abroad."
Uncle Jeff 8now Says:
'Llge Bowers has give up leasing old
man Helthelmer's big "pasture to put
into potatoes for five years, because
the old man lows he can't hold It idle
much longer and pay the taxes 'thou tit r
he raise the rent. And Llge aaya
there are x many In the same fix that
he caa rent good spud land for less n
th taxes and let the owners speculate
a while longer and think themselves
rich doing nothing else. . -
Beautty In Midst of Death.
From the Joseph Herald.
Th first killing frost of th season
occurred Saturday night and its ef
fects ar widespread throughout a ast
ern Oregon. Every form Of crop
growth susceptible to several degrees
of frost succumbed and it will not b
long now until the hectic flush of th
autumnal period will be in avldeno
asaev fa. n "
Because Thy Abhor a Vacuum?
Th Mrrtla Point correspondent of
the Coqutlle ', Bentinel writes: "Wnv
Hall and his son, Lloyd, of- Marsh
field, ar -.putting piano in empty
affairs ar the wisest policies th nav. houses, where there are none. t They
aJVLiaSCgt, Wyuci ej ,
art buy nywy.'