.THE : OREGON -SUNDAY - JOURNAL -' PORTLAND, . SUNDAY MORNING, ' JULY 1916.
4
... 'S :
' AW nrPlPIHTDBT NEWSPAPER.
C . JACKSON.. Pobltober
fuhtiabaa erai
tr day. eftaruooo and morning
ida aftaraoon).. at Tbe Jewraal
(ereast Sua
1 Belldlng,
land. Or.
tiding. Broadway aad tamUU sis., Port-
Keterad at tbe poatofflea at PortlaooVOr.. for
. . traasialeeloa through tha salla aa eecond
class matter.
. X TELEPHONES)- Mala TITS; Bom. A-euOL.
-. All daaartuwata reached br 'UwM aembera.
Tell the eyratef what department yog want,
OREION ADVERTISING BKPBEHENTATI VV
, . Benjamin Keataor Co., Braaawick Biag.
220 Fifth At., Maw York. 121 People'e
qae fllda Chicago. '
' Sobecrtptton terms by mall or to any address
la tba Ualtad Btataa or Mexico.
DAILY (MORNING OB AFTERNOON) -
' Ose -roar..... ...15.00 I Ona month...... .BO
JK- - ' SUNDAY.
. Oaa year....... 12.60 One month $.25
, - DAILY (M0BN1NO OR AFTERNOON) AND
n i - ; SUNDAY.
' Ona year fT.OO I Ona mootb $ .05
a m aar-ks.
v a ITw
alia bi a rlalit to aak for bomaDltT Itaall
Wllllons (or dafenaa. bnt not a caat to
; tribata. CHARLES C PINCKNEi.
Tha knifrr I tba reor blgblr 4o
I aatimata tbs CbrlnMan Rabhtth
anj tot
mora aratrful do I f Ml to tho wbo lm-
praaa Ita Importaort upon tba oomnmoltj.
DibI1 Wtbiter.
PORTLAND'S ECONOMIC DEBT
F
k0RTLAND is struggling with
an economic debt. It Is a
heavy burden on the backs
of workers.
Every city is struggling against
; such a debt. It is not the tax
debt or the bonded debt but the
economic debt created by over
capitalization and manipulation of
. land. often land held out of use.
4 'i, " There is an illustrative case.
The Portland school board has Just
contracted for a parcel of real
estate for use as playgrounds for
the Elliott school. The assessed
. . villi la 17800. ThA actual nrlrn
n!X-dby PPr t R"1 .
?"d "d -after investigation .
115,000. The owner demanded
$30,000. The school board has
contracted to pay $21,000.
Here is another addition to the
v economic debt of Portland. The
. same kind of additions are being
constantly made. They have al
ready reached colossal totals and
are constantly mounting.
Tracts of land are converted into
isuburban additions. They are sub-
V divided and enormous values in-
Jected into tbem. They are sold j
rby installments to buyers. Gilded j
; hopes of quick and easy reprofjts j
Tare held out to the unsuspecting, j
i-epwwu, cununuea,
ua luwowea up untu me paper
values are far more than the
amount or tne legitimate value, jwho do business In real estate
It is over capitalization. It is j would give it a lift now and then
-million on million added to the 'but this can not be expected of
economic debt, and the economic them because it would cut down
debt has to be paid. Interest on ! their perquisites. Under the Tor
It la a tremendous toll, it is paid rens system the state after some
by the toll of workers, for the toll necessary formalities have been
of workers creates all wealth. It '
T takes the raw material and con
fHrerts it into the finished product.
V There are manifold forms by
,which the creation of this debt
goes .constantly on. Owners of
blocks permit them to remain in
, 'idleness while others build mills,
. , land stores and residences about
them, adding to the land value.
The public thus increases the sell-
,4 ling value of the idle lots. The
lunuci uuca uumiug 10 am me
V At . m .
,rowia. in me case 01 ine pres-
nt school board purchase, $21,000
is paid for a parcel on which ex-'
pert appraisers placed a valuation
:,rjt only $15,000. Not only is the
.owner given the natural Increase
:S ,of value, which the public created,
but is given in addition an imagln
y ary increase.
I These artificial stimulations cre
HaU a vast artificial structure of
ver-capltalisatIon. it cannot stand
. ip by its own supportsand reac
tions come. The bubble bursts.
, Recapitalization takes place. It
Snakes times hard. Sales fall off.
, , justness languishes. Dealers com
plain. Workers are thrown out of
-employment. Interest rates fall.
1 It is a process that has been
going on since the men grouped
themselves together in communi
' lies. It is a destructive process
if which few take account. Yet it
Is a canker gnawing at the heart
- jpf industry It feeds on the vitals
4f productivity. It makes the poor
"poorer and the rich richer, it lays
a blighting touch upon workers
and their endeavor.
""It is the everlasting, overshadow
ing, always consuming economic
' 'debt
The Multnomah ; commissioners
ire fully warranted in applying
public funds to aid guardsmen's
families. In no other way can
some folks be reached.
SELLING LAND
PIECE of land should be
bought and sold as . simply
.and easily as a cow. The
pomp and parade which snr
round land transfers have beer in-
Vented by the lawyers, for their
Iowa benefit. Every difficulty in
)the way of the transfer means a
" nice fee for some lawyer or law
yer's appendage. Hence the legal
: frtteroitjlwith all Its : allies and
dependents fights every move to
ward simplicity. In land transfers.
, ; The Torrens-system has been le
galized in Oregon . hut : It Is not
MR, WILSON'S
T
HE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR Just remarks, speaking W.r'K.ff.ir
Mr. Wilson at the St. Louis
hate been the capital stock of
.
.was wT"pTacr recoT U TecomdT him JnsTa. hlF the Si.SJjf tWS!taSls?S
nation. The people of the United State, have not wanted JSJS!S
"ear I v ' eiaM w TJP m m -a. ti4 i Mae ibiV If avI ma Th aw r at v aa. P A ATt fPIl in P fl
Vi ,
urt) nor profit from the experience.
Mr. Wilson's record as a lover
public favor but he has others.
at St. Louis. The delegates must have known well enough of his-many
services to the country and have had some notion of their true value.
A public man usually has difficulty in getting proper recognition
for some of his best work because.lt
much trumpeting. The federal reserve act is of this nature, we owe
it almost entirely to President Wilson's initiative and persevering ad
vocacy, but the public is only too forgetful of its value.
The federal reserve, act is like an amelioration of the climate. Its
effect is gentle and almost imperceptible at any particular instant but
it is constant and cumulative. Should our climate change this summer
so that hereafter we were to have a little less rain ln December and
a little more 'in August nobody would go wild with Joy over the bless
ing. No farmer would notice any large increase of his crops. But
none the less the change woubi be of cumulative benefit to the state
and in the course of a century its ameliorative consequences would be
stupendous.
Wo may think of the federal reserve act in the same manner. It
has ameliorated our financial climate, giving us. a more equable tem
perature and preventinc destructive storms. Every season as the har
vest approaches and nation wide marketing begins we were accustomed
to see "money becoming scarce." Just at the moment when it was
needed most the circulating medium would fcide itself away in the
New York bank vaults and a "stringency" would result. The effects
of this annual stringency were obvious.
The scarcity of money at the time when crops were moving meant
low prices to the producers. Professor Irving Fisher and other great
modern financial authorities have convinced the world -that the pur
chasing power of money depends upon the quantity in effective circu
lation. Curtail the quantity and you increase the purchasing power of
what is left ln use. But an increase of the "purchasing power" of
money obviously means a decrease of the prices of products, the farmer
must give more wheat and butter for less money. So that our annual
stringency was one among the many causes which made farming un
profitable. There was another evil to which we had grown used under our old
currency system. It was the "once in ten years" panic that swept over
the land. This recurrent panic had been with us so long and so reg
ularly that we had cone to look upon its return as we did that of the
periodical comets, and Just as those bodies seemed to the superstitious
to bring plague, pestilence and war in their train, so ln sober fact our
panics brought ruin to the country.
The operation of the federal reserve act will unquestionably pre
vent these periodical panics. " Their cause lay in the perfectly natural
disposition of "the banks to hoard money when the public most needed
it to shore up tottering credit. At the very moment when it became
a matter of financial life and death to their customers to borrow cur
rency the banks slammed their vaults shut and refused loans. Nobody
was to blame. We could not find fault with the banks for wanting to
be on the safe side and we could not find fault with their customers
for n Berlins' nrrommodallnm nut tha Mnmole ItuaHnn snnrail a
tress throughout the country as .often
about once in W years.
It is the main function of the federal reserve banks to issue fresh
supplies of circulating medium whenever the common banks begin to
hoard. The basis of their Issues will be, in part at least, commercial
paper like promissory notes and bills of lading upon which, in panicky
times, the ordinary banks would refuse to lend money. Even when such se
curities were perfectly good the banks would, under the old conditions,
refuse tbem simply because they feared to drain their vaults of currency.
Thus the fear of danger increased, the danger and panic marched on apace.
This condition, as we insist, can not recur under the federal reserve
system. So while the public sees nothing and hears little of the fed-
eral reserve banks, they nevertheless
in our financial world and in the long run their benefit to the country
will be Incalculable. Mr. Wilson is responsible for many measures of
this nature. We do not talk about tbem because they have become a
part of our common life but if they
absence very much as we feel the chill
- -
widely used. It would be used
much more widely if the lawyers
complied with, certifies to the title
of a piece of land. The title is
then registered and subsequent
transfers involve no ceremony ex-
cept an entry on the public
or- no aostract necessary,
no fees for searching the title.
It has been supposed that a title
obtained under the Torrens sys
tem was indefeasable
The pur-;
chaser seemed to be secure from
all attack by claimants under old
deeds, unextinguished mortgages,
tax titles and the like hobgoblins
that haunt land holders. But this
turns out to be an error. The
courts are beginning to hold that,
Torrens title or no Torrens tftle.
every claimant "must have his day
in court."
This means that any claimant
can start a lawsuit against a Tor
rens title certified to by the state
Just as he can against any other
title. Of course, such decisions
play into the hands of the lawyers
and add to the miseries of life for
everybody else. Perhaps civiliza
tion has not yet reached the point
where It can devise a safe, cheap
and simple way to buy and sell
land, but it will sometime.
Victor Murdock feels himself to
be a man without a party. Men
of that kind are the nation's best
reliance.
A NEW VIEW OF MUSIC
T
HE common idea of music
study is learning to pound a
tune, out of a piano. Music,
in this view, is not made for
the ear but for the fingers. When
a young woman has learned to
hammer out the Battle of Prague
and Silvery Waves she is musically
educated no matter it she has not
the faintest notion of musical form
and meaning. And "music lea
sons" have come to mean to us
nothing but more or less misguided
strumming on the piano, or some
other Instrument.
A writer In Musical America,6
Harriet Ayer Seymour, condemns
this "old idea in music," as she
calls it. She is ambitious to re
place it with a "new idea.; First
of all she wants the student "to
become "conscious of music by lis
tening to it and understanding' Its
laws." In other words she thinks
young people ought to learn music
through their ears and brains
rather than their finger ends. "
She goes on to say that-"technic
kills the spirit of music," as it un-
VICTORIES
Convention, that "Whatever may
others, the one things that recom-
m.triv f hi nartT
, t , ",
'
of peace is a conspicuous title to
Perhaps, our valued contemporary
is not of a kind that admits of
as it occurred. And it occurred!, Soft who was ad-
I SSLL'h iTn ftn
act as an amelioratinz Influence
were repealed we should feel their
when a cloud passes over the sun.
:
(.ueauonaDiy aoes ior ordinary per- and Holt declined to Btretch a
sons. It may be different with the point for the prisoners. Nor were
Paderewskis. Performing music on i they allowed to see a copy of the
an instrument is like composing indictment. It was read to them
poetry.' . Nobody can do it well 1 in open court and, as a great favor,
but a genius. Th musical edu- Charnock was allowed pen and Ink
cation, which seeks to make every-) to make notes upon it for his de
bodw .a performer is as absurd as : fense. But when he tried ta make
a ..literary education would be
which tried to make every boy and
girl a'f poet It simply can't be
done.
Music," says Harriet Ayer Sey-
rec-,moul. .... '
ln ord t , th,
must listen." She has a method of
teaching which brings melody to
the front at the beginning and ha
the dudIIs comnostae nn tr a
'few days. There in no hnthan. with I
technic for a long time if ever
Her way with music is a eood riai
like the modern method of lan
guage teaching which discards for
mal grammar. There u rmita o
marked tendency in the world toWhat mu8t il have heen in the
"Kive mere forma th r h- ,h . hands of a Jeffreys? It is this
'give mere forms the go by'
get at the substance.
1
Talk about official Diracv. the
state of Virginia reeantlv renv. !
ered $264,931 from Thomas F. ! pare lts vrocesa with that of our
Ryan for back taxes, but of thisiwn courts, dilatory as they are, a
amount $36,343 went in fees toiPer8on nds some little hardihood
the officials making the collection.
A NEW CONVERT
T
HE remarkable discovery has
been made that Bernard Shaw
is a Christian. The common
opinion that he is an atheist.
an agnostic or something of that
sort, must be revised. His Chris
tianity is vouched for by Mr. Shaw
Lhlmself. He has Just Dublished
"Androcles and the Lion" in Lon
don with an enormous preface. It
is in. the preface that Mr. Shaw
makes; his profession of faith.
He says there is "no way out
ofthe world's misery" but the way
of Christ's will
He declares that
"the moral, political and economic j Commerce cooperating with Corn
ideas of Jesus are sane and sound , mi8gioner Daly, and will be pre-
uu uu ij jjui ia practice. ADO
in hla nninlATl It la hto-h Hm. that I
Christianity be given a .fair trial,
something it has never had. "since
everything e,lse has failed." Mr.
Shaw thinks that Christianity, so
far as the modern world IB con
cerned, can be summed up in the
practice of. "making people good
by law." -
The ordinary -belief is that "you
cannot make men good by law."
Mr. Shaw says flatly that vou can.
He goes further and declares that
you cannot make them good in
any other way. He argues that a
good man must have a good 'me
dium to live in. Otherwise he ; is
out Of his element and becomes a
Pharisee or a fanatic This good
medium which is so sorely needed
is a product of the law. ; ,.
. v No doubt Mr. Shaw would find
Kansas aa excellent example of
the , working of his theory. - In
Va- J..-, i i
j d social tendency In7 that
J?fJ ' a ilVtL ,.
airecUon- Everywhere else the so-
:be neither' fanatical nor pharisai
cal. He is just an ordinary indi
vidual conforming to his social en
vironment. - ,
We may. take it therefore, if we
V" v ':,.r JlSSZJZZ
I?1, """t?
- '
can U in truth a real revival of
Chrfitianity.
Hetty Green left behind her one
hundred million , dollars, yet she
dlea a poor woman.
BEAUTIES OF THE LAW
T
HERE are people who say the
world makes no progress.
Bernard Shaw is one of them.
Other eminent personages are
of the same mind. We beg leave
to differ with them.- If the reader
should be disposed to side with
Shaw and his like in this contro
versy we recommend to him to go
to 'Judge McGinn and borrow ' his
old stained copy of the "Trials of
Robert Charnock" and two others
"for horrid and execrable con
spiracy." The trial took place ini
the time of William III, who suc
ceeded James II on the British
throne.
James not being a very trust
worthy person, was invited to leave
the country by his loving subjects
and William was called across th
sea from Holland to sit in , his
vacant place. Naturally a luxuri
ant crop of conspiracies ensued to
drive William back to his native
dikes and make James king again.
Charnock with his friends was ac
cused of participating in one of
these conspiracies, which was a lit
tle worse than the common run
since it included the murder of
William.
The plotters were betrayed by a
confidant and tried together. Char
nock did mosf of the talking. He
seems to have been a shrewd man
of more than ordinary intelligence
but he was no match for the com
mon law of England and Lord
ministering it Just then. Holt has
the name of a merciful Judge and
we will cite. some instances of his
mercy. The accused men were not
permitted to have a lawyer. They
had to defend themselves the best
they could against the capaole and
relentless prosecuting attorney.
Charnock repeatedly begged for a
lawyer since he did not, as he
piteously said, know anything
about the law, but the merciful
Holt refused him.
This is all the more singular
since parliament had already
passed a law allowing the accused
to have counsel, but the act did
not go Into effect for a few days
some use of these notes he was po
litely but effectively shut up by
the Judge.
So much for the trial. Of course
the accused were convicted. Now
comes the sentence. The prison
ers were first to be hanged, but be
fore they were dead they were to be
cut. down. Their bowels and some
other members were to be severed
from their bodies and burnt "in
their sight." Then they were to
i"06 Quartered and the four quarters
ot each prisoner were "to be at the
king's disposal."
Such was the common law aa
administered by a merciful judge.
same common law which our law
books, parroting after Blackstone
and Coke, laud as the summit of
human wisdom.
When we corn-
to deny that progress has been
made.
The war party in this country
inJistB -that the way to settle the
Mexican problem is to go down
and kill Mexicans. That was the
theory of primitive men. It is still
the law of the Jungle, but how
does it square with a Christian
civilization?
A GOOD PLAN
PLAN - to so regulate the
ratea for automobile and taxi
cab , service that tourists
Journeying out on ' the high-
wav mav not be overcharged has
1 .vnivoH hv tha nimw nt
.pnteil to the citv -commission for
adoption.
There are results, in that field
tTiat should be secured. If as as
serted, drivers exact extortionate
charges in some cases, ithe prac
tice should be brought to an end.
It is also important that drivers
be made responsible to some au
thority under an adequate law, to
the end that they do not? make' the
highway a speedway and a death
! vnilv.
The same thing can be said of
some who do not drive automobiles
for hiref. The highway is. proving
to be a place of such popular use
that regulation of traffic on it is
as necessary to safety and service
as in a city street.
The proposed measure, wisely
adjusted, is well worthy of enact
ment. - - .
Letters From the People
ICaasnoaleatkna aaat to Tha Journal tot
poblksatioB la this departmaet aboald ba wrtt
tea os on 1; oo aioo of tba paper. buld A
cxeaod Suo words la laogta. aad nuat ba ae
oompaalad Br tba nama aad addraaa of tba
Bandar. U tba writer doea not dcaira to bar
tba aaata pobUabed bo atioald ao atata.J
"DtaesaaioB te tba rraatoat of an rafonrera.
It ratioaailaea arcrrtitaa It teocbea. It robe
Klcdplee of an falsa aaactitr and torowi tbeia
ek on Utair rcaaoaableaaaa. If Uy aava ao
roaeoDableaeaa. It mtbleaaly eroabaa tbeai out
of ekiatenee aad ae'ta op Ita owa condoaloaa In
tbbir atd-" Woodro- V'lleon.
Infantile Paralysis.
Portland, July 6. To the Editor of
Tha Journal Regarding tha ao-called
epidemic of Infantile para-lyais now
prevailing In New York city, I desire
to say that, while the public gets only
the allopathic medical side of the case,
there la nothing they need fear should
the disease appear here. Infantile par
alysis Is caused by eating too much
starchy food, popcorn, pastry and white
flour products, and the use of cows'
milk, particularly pasteurized milk.
When women cease feeding their chil
dren these things and give them more
fruits and vegetables this disease will
disappear. Pasteurizing milk kills the
natural organic salts of the milk, mak
ing It a starvation food, which causes
cancer, tuberculosis, rickets, scrofula
and infantile paralysis, and neither
this milk nor butter made from it
should ever be used; ln fact, their
sale should be prohibited. The disease
Is not contagious.
DR. W. A. TURNER.
Newport's Railway Service.
Newport, Or., July 6. To the Editor
of The Journal Tillamook, Marehfte.d
.and Seaside are all advertising through
the Portland newspapers that they
have good roads and that motoring is
good lo these resorts.
A ahort time ago the Newport Com
mercial club advertised ln the Port
land newspapers that motoring to
Newport was good, and that the roaJs
were getting better every day.
John M. Scott, general passenger
agent of the Southern Pacific com
pany, took exceptions to this ad and
wrote the following latter:
"Captain O. F. Jacobson, Newport, Or..
My Dear Captain: I attach hereto a clip
ping from the Oregonian of June 15
on the subject the "Road to Newport
Is Open,' which I understand was
placed by the Newport Commercial
club.
"Do you not think this Is hitting
the railroad. In advising the public
to motor to Newport? l am of the
opinion you will agree with me in
saying the Newport people are cer
tainly ungrateful in ignoring the
Southern Pacific in such a way. I
would suggest you advise them at
first opportunity that the Southern
Pacific will expect their trains to
make a good showing this summer,
otherwise we will take the necessary
steps to reduce our expenses and pro
tect the Interests of the company.
PJease advise."
This letter was presented to th.i
club and a committee was appointed
to answer Mr. Scott and to advice,
the public of the fact that the South
ern Pacific company was dlaoriirl
nating against Newport and claimei
the right to censor the actions of th
Commercial club and dictate the word
ing of ita advertising In Portland
newspapers.
Why doe Mr. Scott claim the right
to dictate the advertising matter of
the Newport Commercial club? Ar.d
why discriminate against Newport?
Why does he not publicly dictate x.o
the other summer resorts above men
tioned? All these places have South
ern Pacific lines running to them,
while Newport never has had a raU
road built into its corporate limits,
but the Southern Pacific company hat
a railroad terminating at a point omy
four miles up the bay from Newport, at
Taquina. For 30 years this road has
had Its terminus at Yaquina. and dur
ing all these years the traveling pub
lic has had to transfer from the
trains at Yaquina and cross over to
Newport on a ferry boat in tow of a.
small river boat, at a loss of about an
hour's time at each transfer and to
their great discomfort and much ex
tra costs. During the 80 years that
this road has been operating the pub
lic has paid out enough ln extra fare
and frejght between Yaauina and New
port over the four miles of ferry
to pay for the extension of the roaJ
on to Newport a dosen times.
The company let the road run down
until practically all the bridges were
rotten ana unsafe. The 52 pound rai.s
that had been in use for 30 years had
become worn and crystaHzed. Finally,
when it was impossible to run on any
regular time and after a number of
accidents, and after the company had
been sued for damages, having in
jured a number of passengers when
Its cars left the track, and after com-
plalnt had been made to the railroad
commission, the commission made an
order directing the company to rebuild
its road from Albany to Yaquina. The
commission gave the company two
years to ballast the road and to put
ln new and heavier rails. In compli
ance, the company did put In a few
miles of new and heavier rails, and
did ballast a portion of tha road and
put In a number of new bridges, but
it has ,not half complied with the
orders of the commission, although
three years has gone by.
r For years the people of Lincoln
county and the traveling public have
been compelled to put up with the
rotten service of the Southern Pacific
company and if the people dared to
make complaint some of the officials
would write an insulting letter to the
Portland press or to the citizens and
Inform them, in substance. that if
they made a kick about the service
the company might discontinue ita
trains.'
There is no question that many
thousand of people would visit New
port if the road were continued on
down to Newport and this transfer
cut out, and all the country for 20
mues nortn ana south of Newport
would be saved from 2 to S3 per ton
on all the. freight that omei over the
Southern Pacific.
The Commercial club has taken the
matter up with the railroad commis
sion and hopes it will require tin-
Southern Pacific company to comply
witn tne oraer made three years ago.
As to the company's continuing th
road on to Newport, the people have
made up tneir minds that if they get
the extension they will have to build
it themselves. The club will continue
to word Its own ads so long as it
pays for them and conforms ?to the
truth. It will not stand for the South
ern Pacific company to dictate to H
ln this or any other matter that the
club thinks will help Newport, th
traveling public or Lincoln county
B. F. JONES.
Seeing America.
From the Washington Times.
This ia going to be a record-break
Ing year for seeing America. More peo
ple will get acquainted with the at
tractions of their own country during
th next five months than ever learned
of its beauties in a similar time. N
tional .parka, towering mountains and
the boundless seas will all call to those
Who, deprived of European travel, seek
rest and recreation in their own coun
try. The railroads east and west all
report unprecedented demands for ac
commodations and all records for pas
senger trafflo bid fair to- be broken.
THE OLD MAN AND JIM
By' James Whttcomb Riley
OLD man never had much to say
, iCiptin' to Jim
And Jim was the wildest boy he had.
And the old man jest wrapped up in him!
Never heerd him speak but once
Er twice in my life and first time was
When the army broke out, and Jim he went.
The old man backin' him, for three months;
And all 'at 1 heerd the old man say
Was, jes as we turned to start away
"Well, good-by, Jim,
Take keer of yourse'f!"
'Peared like he was more satisfied
Jes' lookln' at Jim
And likin' him all to hlsse'f-like, see?
'Cause he was jes' wrapped up in him!
And over and over I mind the day
The old man come and stood around in the way
While we was drillin', a-watchin' Jim;
And down at the deepot a-heerin' him say-
"Well, food-by, Jim,
Take keer of yourse'f:"
Never was nothin' about the farm
Disting'ished Jim;
Neighbors all ust to wonder why
The old man 'peered wrapped up in him:
But, when Cap. Biggler, he writ back
'At Jim was the bravest boy we had
In the whole dern regiment, white or black,
And his fighttn' good as his farmin' bad
'At he had led, with a bullet clean
Bored through his thigh, and carried the flig
Through the bloodiest battle you ever seen
The old man wound up a letter to him
'At Cap, red to us, 't said
"Tell Jim good-by;
And take keer of hisse'f I"
JOURNAL
69 Fishing in Lakes
Lewis A. McArthur, who knows as
much about the geography of OVegon
aa any man ln the acquaintance of
the compiler of Journal Journeys, was
asked to tell. "What I consider the
best outing trip from Portland." He
answers that "it can't be done;" there
a're so many Journeys each with Its
own distinction, and all dependent on
the viewpoint of the traveler. Then
he continues:
"The question of a good trip de
pends on what the man who makes
the trip wants to see or do, and how
h wants to get there and do It. There
are three or four methods of travel
by automobile, by wagon, by pack train
or on footJ As a matter of fact, condi
Hons are now such that it Is possible
to go almost anywhere by automobile
that may be reached by a wagon. As
a result the wagon method of travel
ing may be eliminated. The writer
will be glad to tell about three trips
that may be taken in the state by the
three methods mentioned above. They
are all good trips. If the writer had
plenty of time and money he would
take them often, but, understand, not
too often.
"The first trip is by automobile from
Portland to the Deschutes lakes south
west of Bend.
"The second is the trip by pack train
to Marion lake in the Santlam terri
tory. "The last is the walk along the ea-
shore from Seaside to Nehulem. The
writer believes it would be difficult to
find anybody who would not be pleased
with at least one of these Journeys.
"The Deschutes lakes trip is a good
one. It is hard to make the rirst part
of the trip from here to Bend in ona
day by automobile with any great de
gree of comfort. The writer Is 'in
favor of going by way of tha Barlow
road to Government Camp, the Oak
Grove road to Wapinitia and from
there to Bend by way of the India..
reservation and Mecca grade. It is an
even 200 miles. A good plan Is to go
to Madras the first day, a run of
somewhat over 150 miles. It is about
six hours' drive from Bend to Odell
lake by way of Harper. Lapine and
Crescent, and the distance from Bend
is approximately 70 miles, through
wonderful pine forests, clear or un
derbrush. The writer believes it would
be practicable to go from Bend to
MEXICO'S FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEMS
From the Boston Globe.
For six years Mexico has been in
the throes of a popular revolt as
deep rooted as, and even more baf
fling as to its cause than the great
French revolution of 1790. So many
changes in the political situation, so
many statements, cbntradictory and
hffiit-fr have come from the region
below the Rio Grande, that it Is hard
to reduce the Mexican situation to u
fundamental problems.
Three main causes may, however,
be generally said to have brought
about the situation ln Mexico today.
They are the unequal distribution of
th land, the power of foreign inter
ests and the lack of education.
Of these the land. Is perhaps tne
greatest problem, elnce most of the
i.iranm obtain their living througn
agricultu e and cattle raising. The
Mexican peon always iowea to own
hi. ttrra." This little farm made
him Independent of the world.
T,,ir niaz. land tenure depended
upon, political influence arid sufficient
r.mj. t- hir lnwvera who could win
contests for titles in the courts. One
well known family owned a large
portion of northern Mexico through
cvatematlc land grabbing. The meth
od was fairly simple. If the small
peon farmer wanted to borrow ne was
loaned money through a gnnastone
m-.t ,a w Foreclosure was almost
certain and ln case of a lawsuit tha
courts were favorable to the claims or
the rich.
Deprived of his land, his means or
iupport. the peon was obliged to
work on the large haciendas Tor,
email pay. If misfortune, such as
Illness or the overtaxing needs or a
large family, should oblige htm to
contract any Jebts, failure to pay
thm mill) t actual slavery. Since
the son Inherited his father's debts
he also inherited bondage.
All of northern Mexico has been
controlled by the few men owning
farms and ranches of bonanta pro
portions. It is oniy in tne atstncis
south of Mexico City that there are
any amount of small' holdings. It
has been estimated that less than 600
men own nine-tenths of the territory
occupied by 16,000,000 inhabitants of
th- country.
Through political influence In Mex
ico City districts hurtdreda of miles
square were seized through the pas
sage of corrupt laws in the Mexican
legislature. Land was sold In Mex
ico City by agents of Dias to foreign
corporations which belonged to many
poor farmers who knew nothing of
the deal until they were dispossessed.
Since the revolution many of the
aiit4 fAjvtrda hftv Kn riaat roved.
so that; ln the absence of daeda, the
uirraata goveronicni una neu
swamped with claims and counter-
which far exceeds in difficulties any
JOURNEYS
on the Cascades' Crest
Davis lake by automobile up the west
side of the Deschutes valley and then
to Odell lake. This trip offers the
advantage of seeing the peculiar lava
dam across the northern end of Davis
lake, and the underground outlet. It
also furnishes a fine trip up the main
Deschutes river, which is much more
interesting than the east fork.
"The fishing is fine in Odell, and
it is a beautiful big mountain lake, .t
the very summit of the Cascade range,
about 6000 feet above the sea. It is
Just under the north shoulder of Dia
mond peak, an Imposing pile of rook
8792 feet above sea level. Crescent
lake is the third of the group, and it,
loo, is an imposing body of water. It
is possible to reach this lake by direct
road from Odell lake, or to go Into the
south side of the lake from Crescent.
An excellent map of an this territory,
showing the roads and other points
of interest, may be ebtainad from the
Portland or the Bend office of the
forest service. It Is entitled, 'The
Map of the Deschutes National For
est.' "A side trip from Lapine to the east
makes It possible to visit Paulina lake,
and Paulina peak may be climbed from
the lake ln two hours. The view from
Paulina peak Is -one of tha bat in
Oregon.
"Coming out of the Deschutes coun
try, it is possible te travel orer the
McKenzle pass, by the wonderful lava
fields at the base of Mount Washing
ton and the Three Sisters. This road
winds down the McKenzle river, un
rivalled for its fi,oe fishing. The
roads are all good, and excellent time
may be made.
a
"The best time for the central Ore
gon trip is reasonably late ln the sum
mer, for the later the trip is mado
the less likelihood there Is of catch
ing the mosquito 1b his lair, op of
the mosquito catching you. Th writ
er went to Paulina peak early in Sep
tember last year and found both the
roads and weather conditions perfect
It is probably true, however, tnat the
fishing Is better earlier ln the season
"Don't forget to take plenty of
blankets Into this country. You will
be camping 5000 feet above the sea.,
and at that elevation September nights
are none too balmy."
The other two trips will be described
iker.
public question of the United States.
Our railroad problem is simple arith
metic ln comparison.
It Is not to be expected that the
present de facto government in Mex
ico cart solve this problem. It will
take several years 5 of peaceful ad
ministration. The land was one of
the many nmese of Tranclsco Ma
dero. In going from place to place
talking to the peons ha told them
that ;hey all ought to own their land.
They agreed with him, throwing up
their hala. After Diaz had fled and
Madero was in the Palacla Naclonal,
he found the land question was so
perplexing that in order to be fair
with all he could not immediately give
the land to the peons. This spread
great discontent and passively as
sisted lluerta In his bloody coup
d'etat.
Eighty per rent of the population of
Mexico are Illiterate. It was not
until the educational law of 189s that!
compulsory school attendance for
children between the ages of and 12
was effected. Learning was a prlvt
lege of the rich. j
The lack of education In Mexlcc
generally, made rule by abuse too
easy. Of the population of Mexico,
of which less than one-fifth are
white. 38 per cent are Indians and 42
per cent of mixed bloody only eO.OOO
are foreign residents.
And yet these 80.000 have done
more harm and more good to Mexico
than all the rest put together. They
have sunk mines and oil wells, built
railroads and canals, given steady em
ployment to many laborers and gen
erally developed the country. They
have developed everything In Mexico
but the Mexicans, bcsiuse they wanted
to extract much wealth frem the coun
try. In Pprfirlo Dias the foreign Inter
ests found a man who gave them a
ready , ear and encouraged them by
granting favorable concessions.
Valuable as was the physical devel
opment accomplished by these conces
sionaires, tney have, been a debauch
ing influence in all of Latin America.
The revolution In Mexico has some
times been described as an "oil fight"
between British and American corpor
ations. Madero himself bought arms
through the sale of a small railroad
concession by his brother to Henri
Rochette, the financier mentioned ln
the Catllaux trial.
Justice and fair play to, and by. the
large foreign interests who developed
Mexico, an equitable distribution of
the land and popular education form
fundamental problems which cannot
be settled over night. It will take
years to solve them and to. establish
a suitable form of government. That
Latin-Americans can. solve these prob
lems has been shown by the rise of
such nations as Argentina, Bragil and"
Chile. - ' -
Inm TZ
nee er
Ft.V TiAMPMAN
The Chant of the Vultures.
Bjr Edward Markhani.
WE ARE circling glad of the bat
tle; we rejoice In the smell of
the amoke.
Fight on ln the hell of the trenches:
we publish your, fame with a
croak!
Te will lie In dim heaps when the sun
. set blows cold on te reddening
sand:
Yet fight, tor the dead will have wage
a death-clutch of dust in the
hand.
Ye have given us banquet, O kings,
and still do we clamor for more:.
Vast, vast Is our hunger, aa vast as the
sea-hunger gnawing th shore.
'TIs well ye ar swift with your sig
nalsthe blaze of the banners,
the blare
Of the bugles, the boom of battalions,
the cannon-breath hot on the air.
It Is for our hunger ye hurry, it is tor
our feast ye are met:
Be sure wa will never forget you, O
servants that never forget!
For we are the Spirits of Battle, the
peerage of greed we defend:
Our lineage rose from the Niglijt. ami
we go without fellow or friend.
We were, ere our servant Sesostrls
spread over the Asian lands
The smoke of the blood of tha peo
ples, tha ashes he blew from his
brands.
We circled In revel for ages above the.
Assyrlsn stream.
While-Babylon huilded her beauty, and
faded to diiHt and to dream.
We scattered our laughter on Kurepe
and Troy was a word and at
waste,
Thfe glory of Carthage was ruined, the
grandeur of Home was effaced:
And we Masoned the name of Tlm6ur.
as he harried his lierd of kings.
And the host of his hordes wound on,
a dragon wlthtndulant rings.
Ar.d we slid down the wind upon
France, when the teis of the
earthquake passed.
When the Bastile bloomed Into flame.
and the heavens went by on the
t'J a at.
We hung over Austerlltx cheering the
armies with Jubilant cries:
We scented three kings t the carnage,
and. croaked our applause from
the skies.
O kings, ye have catered to vultures
nave cnooen io ieeci.ua mi-
- n . V.
JJ 111
The Joy of the world and her gloiT.
me nope or tne worm ana ur
JVUMI.
O kiriKS. ve are dlllsent lackeys: we
laiirri your names with our
praise.
For ye are the staff of our comfort,
for ve are the Ktr'enRth of our
days.
Then spur on the host In the trenches
to give up the skv st a stroke:
We tJI all the wlrvds of their lory;
wo publish (heir fame wltrt. a
rroak! t
Fifteen Minutes Rest.
By Ret Stewart. The Journal's Office Rnjr.
tCoticlilrteJ From Yrnterdty.)
For l.'i iiiliialri 1 ust In Hie art room und
Inoled lit the i-artonnp r-.id (tie imper's Mal
llnc and ieM,i. 4 intutitea I wnrked In
tbe tnorKtit! ami Itt'ntifiwi innie mta. At 4:13
I tok bunrb f ltler don mtalra. atimped,
ealcd, and innllei! tbem. Tli f'.T o'clock edl
tlim wen- hont l fne off. nd when thny
did 1 took 11 upntiti to tbe editor of Tbu
Morn ing Jonrncl.
I went to l"Tr tl.e jwetoff ! kr In tha
nVi edltor flk, und n I entered the offiVa
tha trnfrrnh-r rilled to m. tartna; titers
were tun more letter for me In id at I. 'Sbe
JuM then placing them on a table Id the
center of the editorial office lotilij . It made
mr out of patlrnc to hare to go over to tbe
poetofflce again, and I reaolvril lo let them
Visit until morning.
During tli9 time 1 had been working In tbe
mcrgue the aaalatant city editor had couie '.n
and aaknl me to deliver an envelope to
man la one" of tbe theatre bn I Id Intra and bad
aleo told tne that-Mr. Heed, tbe anierlotendent
of The Journal art department, had the jilpture
which I na ta bare returned long Uifore to tba
Oregonian.
Alter Uepoaltlng tha key in the nana editor a
dcak I went np'to the art roran and found so
one there. Jnat ai 1 ateieiU not Into tha cor
ridor again and waa buying from a bur a pack
age of gum of a brand that I do not Ilka, tha
superintendent came up tbe Ntatrg. . Ha gave
roe tb- picture 1 wauled." I hurried over to
tbe Oregonian with It and escaped without
getting "bawled out." t delivered the en
velope to the man In the tt.eatre building, and
then to ease in.v conscience 1 walked back to
tbe office and mailed tlie two letters I) lug uu
the table.
The daj'a work wa d,eie.
(THKJM
Ufa's Infinite Variety.
Going to law la as in'J -li Imelneaa aa luurr.
Ir. a case ln iocs I court involving 2T.&o. a
firm of four lavrer and an ctra attorney
appear for the defen". t anby Herald.
V
On his way from loiane Snoday morning
Elder lilgga met wltb an accident. His noree
became frightened and ran away. Mr. Rib
lost his bat. He preached at the Mctliodlut
ehurrh. Jlk Creek corres-Hitidenr, t'ottige
Grove Sentinel. . -
Poatmaater T. J. 'rweedy baa learn'd the
follv of searching for a ges lesk with a
lighted candle, and bla face heare ld(e
that the lea-on waa a painful one. He crawled
under Ula house with a cimdle to aeareb for
a leak and the gas which bad accumulated
there eiploded. Mr. Tweedy 'a face waa hlla
tared and bla ejebrows singed, but be faeta
that he earaped rerj fortunately. rendition
East Oregotllan.
Uncle Jeff Snow Says:
Hank Staplemind was telling me
'tother day how he most alius believed'
what he heard a Republican spell
binder say. and I nearly got into a po
litical argument because I asked him
how he would arrange the place where
his brains were suppbsed to roost
nights if he heard two such spellbind
ers say two opposite things in tbs
same campaign, as I've heard 'em.
Perhaps Wires Were Crossed.
PRELUDE W. L. 'Dad' Kearns.
who has done marine lo these many
years for an afternoon paper, has a bet
that the Willamette river will reach
a stage of'37 feet this season.
First episode After a peaceful night
beneath the roof of hlg Mount Scott ,
estate during which the rain pappetered
on tbe roof steadily all night. Dad
awoke with pleasai.t thoughts upper
most f
"I'll surely win now," thought he.
Second episode Ded wemld his way
to the telephone. Still somewhat eleepy
he called a number, lie supposed he ,
had Broadway 883. the weather bureau.
"What's the rivr doing," asked Dad.
"Coming Up si Inches an hour. Ought
to Mae at least three feet." quoth a
surly voice and click went the re-(
celver. '
The river had been al 23,7 feet when
Dad quit work the night before. ,
Third episode Dad hurriedly route 1
his city editor from his bed.
"The river is coming up Over the
streets. If your going to get out a
war extra you ought to have that
story." Dad's excitement was only ex-
cteded by his happiness" at the pros
ptctlve winning of his bet.
"All right. Get me some data and
telephone a story to the office." ordered
the city editor.
Fourth episode Once more the tele- ;
phone waa brought Into play. Thtex- '
ctternent had now driven the Bleep far -away.
from Dad's brain and voice.
"Broadway Its, please," was asked
agala. .
Tkla lm VJTm,mr ill.,, t3t lm m-mt- A
ting out his daily forecast, s us wared .
the phone. -
"Give me what data Vou tan on the
river." asked Dad. . . ..' ... .
"Well, it will probably reach M.I or
IZs.S by Tuesday." said he.- v
Fifth episode Faint gurgles of In
comprehension from Dad, , '
4