: .1. ' . .... ; i '. .-. : . ; . ':
' THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL. PORTLAND, .'TUESDAY, MARCH ,21, '1918. ;
THE JOURNAL
tH INDEPENDENT KEWSPAPEB.
V H. JACKSON
...... .Pnbllabee
' Pa-bUshed every day, afternoon and sorator
t ; (except Sunday afternoon), at The Joernal
f uuiiaiag, uroaaway uw iimwu im
port.
lend, Or.
- Enrered at the poatoftlca t Portlmnd, Or., for
traBsmiaaloa throes the mails a second
(iM matter. .
TELEPHONES Main TITS; Borne, A-6061. All
departments reached by these numbers. TeU
' tfaa operator -what department yog want. '
rOBBIOM ADVBBTISINO B"SPB.I5SaNTATI VK -
Jsenjamla Kentnor va., ronswica
826 Fifth At New Sort; 1218 People's
l ie Bids'.. Chicago.
Subscription terme by mall or to any ad
. drew la tb Hatted States or Mexico:
- . DAILY (MOKMNO OB AFTERNOON)
. Oavt year f5.0O One month $ .80
SUNDAY.
Oh year $2.50 On month $ .23
DAtf,E CMOBNINO OB ATTKBNOON) AND
One year $7.60 J One month $ .68
Amerioa arte nothing for beraelf bat wbat
ha baa a right to aak for humanity Itself.
WOODBOW WILSON.
V-Millions for defense, but Dot eent (or
tribute. CHARLES C. PINCKNET.
Military glory, thci attractive rain
bow that rises in ibowera of blood
that serpent eye .hat charms to de
stroy. Abraham Lincoln.
NOW FOR PEACE
THE Portland school board has
re-elected Mr. Alderman as
superintendent of the schools
lor another year.
That should be a signal for all
..'to join together for a common
- purpose of building up and
: strengthening the schools. Tba
-"' judgment of the bbard should be
come everybody's judgment.
i - Everywhere except In Portland,
there is commendation of the Port
land schools. But here It has be-
come a habit to assail the schools
and school superintendent.
v As Chairman Munly said at Sat
urday's meeting of the school
board, the late Superintendent Rig
ler was hounded into his grave by
senseless criticism. Yet it was
- common knowledge that Mr! Rigler
was an official of great capacity
and fidelity. "
Mr. Alderman was elected his
. successor, largely at the instance
... of those who pursued Rigler and
' we now have the same spectacle of
vituperation and fault finding over
-again and from the same source.
It destroys discipline In the
' tschoots." It flill "lMpupirs with
J- unrest and distrust. It incites some
. teachers to tale-bearing rebellion
5 against authority. It allures cer
i tain kjnds of persons on the teach
es lag staff ..tcutrnflermine those above
them in the nope of their own- pra
. -motion. . ,
T It causes the whole system to .be
x permeated with disorganization. It
f. demoralizes the school organiza
tion and Immeasurably lessens Its
j effectiveness.
Presumably, from the experience
of the past, were another superin
i tendent elected, he too would im-
mediately become the target of at
tsck. Mr. Alderman was brought
-In In order to quiet criticism, and
-he quickly became a victim. The
probabilities are that the best
-school man in the world, if selected
to head the Portland schools, would
get the same dose.
The Portland schools cost a great
deal of money. They ought to be
given a chance, through permitting
them to go on with their work In
r peace, to give back in Bervice the
- great sums that they cost. They
. cannot do it if those conducting
them are to be hounded and perse
cuted year in and year out.
Multnomah - county's yearly in
come .from the school fund that
i would be created under the Cham
berlain grant land bill would be
$256,902, and the income for every
v other county 1a the state would be
. proportionate. Why doesn't Mult
nomah county resist the movement
to cut If not altogether defeat the
Chamberlain bill?
KEEPING PRISONERS
t
I HE truly interesting circum
stances of the war do not
always come out in the re
ports from the trenches or in
the heavy military articles in the
4 magazines. We question, for ex
ample, whether it was familiarly
known just .how the French man
age to keep their German prison
ers secure until The Popular Sci
ence Monthly explained the method
and Illustrated It with a vivid pic
- ture. The picture shows a French
officer in the act of applying the
'method to a German prisoner who
- watches his operations with help
ful curiosity.
K The French are not by nature or
preference a cruel people. They
'' love to accomplish by logic and
- ingenuity what other less . gifted
human beings attain by .violence.
: -Their solution of 'the ' problem of
keeping war prisoners. ; secure : de
lights one's ?. heart by Its deftness
while it pleases at the same time
1 by - Its economy,1 The Ordinary
rough and ready method of guard-
. Ing prisoners detains a good many
- 'serviceable :"mea. from, the front.
'The more captives you make, there-
- ore, : the tewer troops yon . have
Available .tor,, making . fresh" cap-
. m - ----- - i J--? ..-.-..-'; ex
THROWING LINCOLN OVERBOARD-
E
VERT time the Oregonian condemns Wilson's poller in Mexico, It
condemns Taft's policy ln 4 Mexico.
Every time It condemns Wilson's policy in-Mexico, it con
demns Lincoln's policy In Mexico. Thus, in bis message to con
gress December 6, 1864, Lincoln said:
Mexico continue 4o be a theatre of civil war. While our political rela
tions with that country have) undergone no chance, we have at the same
time, strictly maintained neutrality between the belligerents. v
It was a policy or watchful waiting, ana not a poncy or armea in
tervention. ,. - ' -
Before his election to the presidency, Lincoln, as a congressman
was a - bitter opponent of that armed intervention In Mexico which we
in this day refer to as the Mexican war. He Introduced the famous
"spot" resolutions which, were a strong indictment of President Polk
for making war on Mexico.
The resolutions charged, that the first blood shed was the blood of
people who fled at the first approach of the United States army, leav
ing their homes and crops unprotected, and that the "spot" where the
first blood bo shed was within the lnclosure of one of the people who
had thus fled. -
5. A few days later, speaking of President Polk, Lincoln said in the
house: .
He is deeply conscious of being- In the wrong; that he feels the blood of
this war like the blood of Abel is crying to Heaven against him; that origi
nally having some strong motive, what, I will not stop now to give my opin
ion concerning to Involve the two Countries In a war, and trusting to escape
scrutiny by fixing the public gaze on the exceeding brightness of military
glory, that attractive rainbow that rises in showers of blood that serpent's
eye that charms to destroy. Me plunged into it till, disappointed in his cal
culation of the ease with which Mexico might . be subdued, he now Xintls
himself he knows not where.
At ' some length, Lincoln went on with the denunciation of the
president and of the whole war enterprise, showing np the incongrui
ties ' of the president's war message. Lincoln's whole attitude was a
bold resistance to the Jingoes and war advocates.. It was an attitude
exactly identical with that; of those who resist the clamor of the jin
goes, .mine owners and military editors who now demand armed inter
vention in Mexico.
Speaking of Lincoln's action, Harper's Weekly says:
Some of Lincoln's closest political advisers thought that Lincoln's aggres
sive stand against the war with Mexico was bad policy. One of these was
his partner, W, H. Herndon. To him Lincoln answered: "I will stake, my
life that if you had been in my place, you would have voted Just as I did.
Would you have voted what you felt and knew to be a lie? I know you
would not. Would you have gone out of . the House skulked the vote? I
expect not."
Lincoln's opposition to the Mexican war was freely used against
him by Douglas in the historic Lincoln-Douglas debate. At Ottawa,
Illinois, August 21, 1858, speaking of Lincoln, Douglas said:
Whilst in congress, he distinguished himself by his opposition to the
Mexican war, taking the side of the common enemy against his own country;
and when he returned home he found that the indignation of the people fol
lowed him everywhere.
Douglas attacked Lincoln in the same vein at Galesburg, October
:7th, and at Alton October 15th, in
mous debate, Douglas said of Lincoln:
It was that when George Ashmun of Massachusetts brought forward a
resolution declaring the war unconstitutional, unnecessary and unjust, Lincoln
had voted for It. "Yes," said Lincoln, "I did." Thus he confessed that he
voted that the war was wrong, that our country was In the wrong and con
sequently that the Mexicans were in the right.
Cost what it might, Lincoln was thus aggressive for principle, and
in principle he was opposed to armed invasion of Mexico. His teach
ings, his vote and his public record attest his splendid purpose on that
point, a purpose emulated by President Wilson.
In condemning Wilson's policy in Mexico, the Oregonian throws
Abraham Lincoln overboard. So does every Jingo who clamors now for
armed intervention.
The standpat leaders who are planning to make Mexico an Issue in
the coming presidential campaign are insulting the revered memory of
Lincoln, are repudiating Lincoln's teachings and if they continue, will
disgust and. drive thousands of Lincoln Republicans out of the party.
tives. So that in the course of
time you are put out of the fight
by your own victories, which is not
a satisfactory way to terminate a
war.
The beauty of the' French system
is that while it keeps the prison
ers perfectly safe, no matter how
numerous they may be, it releases
their guards for soldierly duty In
the trenches. Tho dovice resem
bles -that - adopted by some wives
to keep, their. . husbands at home
from stag parties where the flow
ing bowl is likely to flow too copi
ously. We do not mean to say
that the French deprive their pris
oners of all their garments. That
would be too drastic anywhere out
side the home. What they do is
to take away the 'captives' suspen
ders and cut their trousers bands.
This obliges the Germans to use
both hands to hold up their attire.
If they try to run away, down
come the trousers about their
ankles, forming fetters as effective
as one could wish for. After read
ing of this victory of ingenuity
over difficulty, who will dare to say
that war does not stimulate the
human brain?
It ought now to be written in
the records of the navy department
at Washington that the French
bark Bossuet, Captain Henry, sailed
from the ocean Into the Columbia
river yesterday without a tug.
MR. HUGHES' DUTY
S'
OME quaint reasons appear in
the current number of The
Outlook why Mr. Hughes
ought not to run for presi
dent. The next presidential cam
paign, that magazine assures us,
wlu De fought out on foreign Is
sues. Mr. Hughes has never ex-
pressed any opinion on such mat
ters and he never can since his
position on the bench closes his
mouth. So the people can not know
where he stands and can not Intel
ligently vote for or against him.
"There is no way," says The Out
look, "by which the people can get
any light on Mr. Hughes' opin
ions," necause 11 ne naa any or
expressed them he would "drag the
supreme court into politics."
in otner words, the supreme
court justices are assumed to have
emptied their minds of every opin
ion on the subjects which interest
other men. They dwell in a world
of thin and chill abstractions. Their
brains are vacant and inactive.
only breaking into temporary activ
ity when the lawyers Inspire them
This notion Is so silly that it is
surprising to read It in magazines
issued for people of sense. The
supreme court justices xead, think
and. form opinions like other peo
ple. Their oaths of office do not
turn them into mindless specters.
v The Outlook thinks that as Ions
as Mr-Hughes is on the bench it
"would be Improper for him to ex
press his views on the Lusitania
or thie invasion of Belgium" or
other vital question, because liti
gation on -the same subjects might
"come before him as a Judge."
. This makes the . not very flat
tering. assumption that Mr.'Justico
Hughes 'decides issues, not accord
ing to the law, but according to his
own, private .opinions. , Hence haitiment, but tomorrow when they
the last joint discussion of the fa
must avoid having any opinions
or he will be -betrayed by them
into dereliction. If he is as weak
as The Outlook assumes he is, per
haps the less of him we have in the
White House the better.
A conscientious judge does not
nee'd to make a mindless simula
crum of himself in order to do Jus
tice. He jisually has his private
opinions on all sorts of subjects
and he ought to feel perfectly free
to express them. But when those
opinions clash with the law or with
justice he ought to have will
enough to set them aside. We
Imagine Mr. Hughes could do that
very thing in a pinch.
Every time the jingoes condemn
Wilson's Mexican policy - they con
demn Lincoln's Mexican policy.
Lincoln was the great original non
interventionist. WISE JOHN BURROUGHS
J
OHN BURROUGHS has been
writing some wonderfully wise
magazine articles lately. In
his younger days he was a lit
tle disposed to be mystical. Now,
as he goes down the hill of time,
he seems to stake everything on
positive science. But he finds in
science and its indisputable truths
consolations which mysticism never
gave him. The actual truths of
nature do not turn their "cold,
hard" side to him. As he nears
the end of his pilgrimage the vet
eran of thought and sentiment
feels less and less need to delude
himself with comfortable fictions.
He finds plenty of comfort in facts.
Mr. Burroughs' article in the
March Atlantic on "The Still Small
Voice" takes us into the deeper
secrets of the world. How is it
that things are brought to pass?
Is It by noise, cannon balls, vio
lence? Something Is no doubt ac
complished In that way. Nature
has effected changes by great
catastrophes which sunk whole
continents in the sea at a moment's
notice and slew all their life witn
out pity. But that was in the old,
primitive days when nature was
gross and savage. Today she gets
her results by the slow activity
of frost and sunshine, by the quiet
work of streams and the mild in
fluence of the smoothly changing
seasons. In nature we have passed
beyond the period of catastrophes
into the time of peaceful operation.
Mr. Burroughs seems to suggest
that wars among the nations are
like the old, prehistoric catastro
phes in nature which were em
ployed before the better way had
become workable. .Our failure to
devise a plan to get results with-
out fighting shows that we are still
only half civilized, perhaps only
"half-created." But, as a matter
of fact,' the lasting results in hu
man history are attained by peace
ful effort
"The" unknown, the inaudible
forces," says John Burroughs, the
gentle word, the kind act, the. for
giving look, the. quiet demeanor,
the silent thinkers and workers
how much more we owe to these
forces than to the clamorous and
discordant voices" of war and poll
tics. The strident jingoes . will
naturally -Jeer today at this sen-
have become sane again they will
all confess Its eternal truth- -
The wire pullers and thlmblerig
gers are hand-picking the Multno
mah legislative ticket, and they
know exactly why they are fram
ing it up.' They are very busy now
and the good . citizen " is sound
asleep.
TELEPHONE INTERCHANGE
T
HE supreme court of Wiscon
sin has just upheld an order
recently made by the Public
Utilities Commission of that
state calling for an interchange of
service as between the lines of the
La Crosse Telephone Company and
the Wisconsin Telephone Company.
It was contended by the Wiscon
sin Telephone Company, a Bell
concern, that such an order was
not a valid exercise of the police
power but that It was in effect the
taking of the company's property
without due process of law and Just
compensation and, therefore, un
constitutional. The court refused to take this
view of the question. It held that
when the public need called for
an Interchange of service the com
mission's order to this effect was
a lawful exercise 'of such power.
As to Just compensation, the
court maintained this was fully met
by that part of the order which
provided for a reasonable charge
to be paid the company for the
extra service rendered.
The Wisconsin courts refused to
accept the ruling of the California
court in which it set aside as un
constitutional an interchange order
of the State Commission, choosing
to follow the principles laid down
by Judge Wolverton In the tele
phone case recently decided by the
federal court In Portland.
This Wisconsin decision will be
of Interest in the interchange cases
now before the Oregon Public Serv
ice Commission. '
The $256,902 a year which the
Chamberlain grant land bill would
provide for Portland schools would
be one means of reducing school
taxes.
Nothing the matter
with portland
Tribute In millions that has been drawn
from Portland and from the state of Oregon
will eooo be a thine of the paat. so far aa
tb- cement supply is concerned. A plant that
baa been rising quietly but glffantloaUy, and
that will be in action within a few weeks,
is the subject of No. 83 of The Journal's in
dustrial series. The broad plans the builder
bur perfected are oetatlea in today s article,
wblch Is snper-conclnslre In support of the
chsllenge that there Is "Nothing the Matter
with Portland: J
AFTER three years of waiting the
Oregon Portland Cement work
at Oswego, just south of the city
limits, will be completed and put in
operation on or about April 10. Its
output at first will be 1000 barrels
a day, but it will have a capacity of
1200 barrels, and may be run to that
limit if necessity requires.
The big undertaking, soon to be
active, was begun in 1911, but lack
of funds delayed construction until
a year or two later, when Amin
Moore, long interested in the venture,
and a man of experience In cement
plant construction, took hold of the
work. Since then it. has been pushed
with vigor, and will be ready for op
eration as stated.
The magnitude of - this enterprise
will be a surprise to those unac
quainted with cement manufacture. It
will be found so much greater than
fancy, has pictured It, and so much dif
ferent from the uninitiated's concep
tion, that the visitor will simply stand
and wonder how so much has so si
lently been accomplished. There has
been no noise, save that made by the
workmen in the plant's construction.
There has been no "spread-eagleism.'
There has been no beating of tomtoms
nor blare of trumpets. Mr. Moore
has pursued the even tenor of his way
patiently, vigorously and zealously.
HOLDINGS OF THE COMPANY.
In building for the work before
this corporation the management
looked hundreds of years into the fu
ture. x Construction of the plant would
require so great an outlay of money
that its future must be provided for,
and to this end 640 acres of ground
containing Immense lime rock ledges
vere secured at Koseburg, 907 acres
at Dallas, 524 acres at Kufus and
187 acres at Markham, all in Oregon,
In addition to the 48 acres for the
plant site at Oswego. Four deposits
j have Deen Pened up on tne Roseburg
and Dallas tracts, and, without dia
turblng other holdings of the company
these will afford material for opera
tion for a hundred years or so, says
Mr. Moore.
LOADED IN HOPPER BOTTOM CARS
At Roseburg four and a half miles
of standard gauge railroad track have
been completed, and three-quarters of
a mile of narrow gauge at Dallas.
The Roseburg standard gauge will en
able Southern Pacific cars, constructed
with hopper bottoms, to receive the
rock front the 1000-tbn rock bins be
neatu which they will pass, and the
same arrangements will prevail at
Dallas, the narrow gauge cars filling
t the bins. Arriving at the, Oswego
plant the rock will be discharged into
i the big hopper from the bottom of
the cars, and then automatically fed
to the monster ' pulverizing machine
which will, reduce It to particles
about the size of a goose egg.- The
rock from Roseburg and Dallas, when
finally reduced bo powder, will be- scien
tifically mixed, the character of one be
ing required tn the other,, In order to
form a combination necessary for the
best graded Of cement. Jk. chemist will
be constantly on duty making tests,
so' that Bo mistake will be made In
the mixing. . The ' Roseburg f rock is
described 5as . pure lntestonej or mar
ble, and contains about i 9 8 per cent
J of -carbonate r lime, and that or
Dallas l denominated agtllaceous
limestone, containing 60 per cent car
bonate of lime. ,
ROCK GROUND SEPARATELY:
Landing at the Oswego works the
two materials, to be ground separate
ly a stated, will be dumped Into a
No. IVt gyratory crusher and In pieces
about 2 Vs Inches In diameter will be
carried to, and depo)ted in, rein
forced concrete rock silta, of which
there are 10, each having a capacity
Of 1260 tons. In a tunnel beneath
these silos is a belt conveyor, and
the broken rock drawn from them Is
carried auid discharged into an eleva
tor car and from it again discharged
into rock storage bins, the Roseburg
product into one and the Dallas rock
lute another. Underneath these bins
are located Immense automatic scales,
and these will weffeh out the exact
amount of Roseburg and Dallas rock
required for the mixture of the two.
The broken rock now goes to other
storage bins, located over 'the pre
liminary grinding komlmeters, then
to the trix separating machine, which
takes out all over-coarse particles, is
returned to the komimeter. Is reduced
to pass through a 20 mesh screen and
passes along to the cylped tube mill
where the finishing grinding Is done.
Water Is added In the tube mill and
the powdered rock comes forth In
alury (mud) form, thus eliminating
the dust, which has, until recently,
made cement factories a horror to
communities for miles around their
location. This is a German lnven
tion, and cement mills may now be
located alongside dry goods stores.
without Injury to the goods.
NOW COMES THE CHEMIST.
The ground stuff is now discharged
into one of three storage tanks, for
testing, one for discharging into, one
for drawing out, and one for the
chemist. The mixture now goes into
a large correction tank. All these
tanks are supplied with agitators,
which keep the material constantly
stirring, " and by means of the cor
rection tank the chemist has oppor
tunlty to time and reckon the Ingre
dients to within one-tenth of one per
cent. If the tests are too hlgn, low
material is added, and If too low,
high, etc. The correction tank holds
1000 barrels, and once the proper
mixture is secured, all is automatical
ly agitated until perfect uniformity Is
attained. A mighty air compressor
now pumps the slury into the kiln
department underneath. The kiln Is
a cylinder, nine to ten feet in diame
ter and 210 feet long, made of one
Inch boiler plate and supported on two
sets of roller bearings. This kiln Is
lined with nine inch fire brick, and
its weight is 400 tons. Think of U.
a cylinder 210 feet long, weighing 400
tons and constantly revolving, the
cement passing from the large to
the smaller end, and emerging in red
hot condition. The cylinder is set
on an Incline, so the Cement passes
through it of Its own motion.
800 BARRELS OT OIL DAILY",
At . the discharge end of the kiln
are located two massive oil burners.
consuming 300 barrels o'f -oil daily,
and they generate a temperature of
2000 degrees. This heat and the re
volving kiln cause the slury to form
Into balls about the size of large
marbles. A complete chemical change
has taken place in the rock dumped
Into the hopper from the cars nearly
quarter of a mile away, and auto
matlcally carried to this point. It
has lost about 40 per cent of its
weight, and Is now In the form of
carbon dioxide. The cement clinkers,
or slag, are discharged from the kiln
at white heat Into a rotary cooler
through which a current of air Is
forced by a large rotary fan. Coming
forth, the clinkers are cool enough
to be held in the hand, and become
a dark, hard slag, which, except for
pulverizing, is the finished cement.
Again these clinkers are started on a
Journey, by another belt conveyor, to
a clinker storage suo, irora wnicra
they are drawn through a valve onto
still another belt conveyor and car
ried to the cement grinding depart
ment for -preliminary grinding by the
komimeter and finished In the cylped
tube mill from which they come so
fine as to sift through a 100 mesa,
and 90 per cent through a 200 mesh
sieve. This finished product is now
elevated to the storage silos, from
which it is drawn and sacked for
shipment.
MAINTAINS ITS OWN MACHINE
SHOPS.
The buildings of the company cover
practically 10 acres of ground. The
rock travels eastward several hundred
feet from where it Is dumped into
the hopper, to be cracked Into egg
size pieces, then Journeys southward
about another 300 feet through the
210 foot kiln and silos, without being
touched by human hand. Twenty-five
men on each shift will turn out 1000
barrels of cement per day, and their
onlv work- will be to see that the
machinery is running smoothly. Th
will perform no manual labor what
ever, and it Is understood that the
nlant will be run on two 12-hour
shifts. It has a capacity of 1200
barrels and Is so built that other
1000 barrel units can be added at lit
tle cost.
The company-will maintain its own
machine, blacksmith and carpenter
shops, these buildings being already
completed, and,' like .the . plant Itself,
all are of concrete including the of
fice structure. Not a dollar's worth
of . anything about the premises; can
be Injured by -fire, therefore Insur
ance will not be necessary. The three
story hotel and bunk houses for em
nloves alone are of wood construc
tion. These are attractive bulldinse
and will accommodate 200.
i power to operate the works , wll bt
provided '.by the ( Portland Railway,
Light Power company, delivered. If
about 66.00 oils.'' The-company will
have ita own transformers, and will
reduce this" to 450 Volts, feeding Us
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGS
T,Hp.4nfs PpU should not for
get that style week is nearly here.
..,e&rltlon books will close
fVrglth. dfef0' ri8U,r "yw
Aoower prosperity sign: Income
tax receipts will h tisfinnAnn
cess of the highest estimates.
Villa IS m. mn, flnanxU, TT. .
"polled his chance to become rich on
the American vaudeville stage.
a a
An irreverent
virtue in the new hats trimmed with
fruit and vriahi.. t hv ,iv,
low an appetite.
Republicans ar cautioned not to
have too many "'keynote" speeches. But
why not keep on trying until somebody
hits the keynote?
9 9
That lawyer and member of the Till.
nois legislature who died In a Chicago
puiyu may nave Deen overcome oy nis
strange surroundings.
It is pertinent to remark that Glad
stone's greatest bid for fame was when
he changed his mind on the Irish ques
tion ana aanuuea tne iact.
Persistent reports that Turkey will
sue for a separate peace with Russia
may be taken to Indicate that the sick
man ol Europe im again feeling poorly.
.
Concerning: those criticisms of the
president: There are something like
100.000.000 Americans, most of whom
know exactly what he should do, and
eacn Knowing someuung just a utue
different.
POWER GRABBERS WANT "OLD CONDITIONS"
Washington, March 21. (WASHING-
TON BUREAU OP THE JOURNAL.)
Opening of debate in the senate on the
water power bill found arrayed the
same forces that collided at the west
ern states conference at Portland last
September.
On one side the proponents of the
bill demand the unlocking of power re
sources on public lands of the west on
terms of lease that will retain the fin
ger of federal control and the power
of recapture for the people. On the
ether side are those who want to sur
render these resources for all time to
private interests In the name of devel
opment. a a
Just before the bill came into the
senate 13 new amendments were re
ported from the committee on publio
lands. One of these Is particularly
Important, as It fixes a maximum
charge to be paid to the government
as rental on the basis of power devel
oped. As first reported, the bill left
such charges to the discretion of the
secretary of the Interior. As amended.
it is provided that such rentals "shall
be based on the value of the land, to be
determined by the amount of horse
power to be developed, and which
charge or rental shall not exceed the
sum of 25 cents per developed horse
power per year for the actual power."
e
Senator Myers of Montana, In charge
of the bill, was asked by Jones of
Washington to define the attitude of
Secretary Lane of the Interior depart
ment toward this section of the bill.
Myers did so In the following state
ment: "I stated to the secretary of the In
terior that the committee seemed dis
posed to change that feature of the
bill so as to make a charge for the use
of the land leased based on the horse
power, developed, but to provide a max
imum rate of compensation per horse
power developed, leaving him free to
make it less. The secretary did object
to that. He said he thought if fixed
by congrtse It ought to be a flat rate,
just naming so much, without any
maximum or minimum limit, without
any variation. That was his idea, and
25 cents per horsepower developed per
year was suggested, without objection
from him; but the committee did not
see fit to adopt that view exactly."
a a
At the very outset of the debate Sen
ators Smoot of Utah and Shafroth of
Colorado frankly championed the de
sire of the water power Interests to
get possesion, bag and baggage, of
20 motors, with a. capacity of 1400
horse power.
FINE SHIPPING FACILITIES.
The corporation owns its own water
front, and can ship its product by
boat to all points on the Willamette,
Columbia and Snake rivers, to the
head of navigation, and anywhere, in
addition, reached by railroads or ocean
steamships. The selection of the site
at Oswego was made for these special
reasons. The Snake will permit river
steamer delivery to Lewlston, Idaho,
the Willamette to Corvallls, and the
Columbia to Kennewlck, Wash., and
in a few years to the British Colum
bia line, or nearly so.
This is the first effort made,- in
the cement line, to keep Oregon money
in Oregon. The state of Washington
has five cemnt plants In operation,
with a comblneo' capacity of 12,000
barrels dally. California has nine,
with a capacity of 22,000 barrels
dally, and it is expected to increase
the Portland plant's capaelty to 4000
or 6000 dally In the near future.
The foregoing must be considered
but & meager mention of this large
enterprise. Justice can not be done
it in a newspaper article of the space
possible to devote to It In this depart
ment of The Journal.
The pyramids of Egypt were the
first great concrete structures, and
there they are today as perfect as
ever. It is an ingredient, when per
fectly used, practically Indestructible.
A cement sidewalk on the west side
of Second street, between Morrison
and Yamhill, this city, has been down
more than 40 years and Is yet perfect.
The' products of the Oswego cement
factory will be monuments to Aman
Moore and his enterprise after we of
today are forgotten in the lapse of
the coming years.
Letters From the People
IComrunnicatJona seat to The Journal for
publication la this department sbouid be writ
tea on only one aide of the paper, should not
exceed 800 words is length and mast be ac
companied by the name and address of the
mezMT. It the writer does not oealre to have
th name published, be should so state.
"DIscossIob is the greatest ef afl reformers.
It ratkmalises everything it toocbes. . It robs
principee ef aU falsa sanctity aod throws tbeta
lack on" their reasonableness. If tbey have ao
reasonableness, it ruthlessly erwbes them oat
ot existence sad seta ap its own cwicluakist
la their stead' Woudrow Wilsou, ,
Signs of Prosperity.
Portland, March 12. TO the Editor
of The Journal. A few weeks ago X
read In your, columns that theDu Pont
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
. OREGON SUUKLIGMTS
A brick kiln, a new thing for Gold
Beach, is to be started at the Curry
county capital.
The feeling against wooden awnings
has reached that stage at Heppner at
which each Individual owner of one
will willingly tear It down if all the
otners win.
a
Market day will be resumed in En
terprise April 1. Auction sales at
which sellers can put up anything they
wish to dispose of, will be held through
the season once each, month.
a
The clean-up campaign inspired by
the ladies of the Thimble club at North
Bend was so effective that, the Harbor
Bays, It took the garbage wagon three
days to carry away all the rubbish.
Brief pastoral in La Grande Observ
er: "Farming has- begun In the valley
and there is a general feeling of hap-
?lness and contentment spreading over
he community. People are happier
when the soil begins to turn."
Conuille In earlv bird' for fruit blos
soms. The Sentinel, March 17. says:
"ljLst Saturday we noticed a sprink-line-
of cherrv blossoms on the trees
on the Irvine place, but on Monday the
same trees were almost in full bloom.
Our eastern friends can see from this
just how far along the spring is here
in Coos county."
a a
The Huntington News presents this
pointed appeal to the imagination of
all Huntlngtonlans: "With our excel
lent water system, rich soil, favorable
climatlo conditions, and nestled among
the hills, with the least exertion with
the ehovel and hoe, every yard in the
city could be made a pretty landscape.
Uncle Sam's power sites. These state
ments were perhaps a little bolder than
anything said at the Portland confer
ence last fall.
Senator Myers, arguing that the
present law, which only permits entry
under revocable permit, is not satis
factory or adequate, and should be
supplanted by a new law, was Inter
rupted by Senator Shafroth, who
asked:
"Can we not repeal the act of 1901,
and restore the conditions which ex
isted before that time?"
"The 'conditions which existed be
fore that time," it will be remembered,
consisted of a general grabbing of
water power sites, which caused the
president to order Withdrawal of .such
lands until legislation could be enacted.
a
Senator Smoot made his ideas
equally clear. Senator Myers had Just
pointed out that capital does not now
readily invest, because it has to take a
revocable permit, and was interrupted
by Smoot, who said:
"There is no doubt about that; but
there is also no doubt that before the
beginlng of the withdrawals of water
power sites capital would invest, be
cause title could then be obtained to
the land and now it cannot be."
Senator Shafroth elaborated his
Ideas of water power legislation by
saying:
"You could solve this question by
giving the state or the company which
Is undertaking a development of this
kind the right of eminent domain
against the United States government,
paying the United States government
a fair price for the land. That, it
seems to me, would solve the problem
in a most excellent manner and would
produce development."
Senator Myers gave his compact
view as follows:
"The government owns its lands as
proprietor, the same- as an individual
does. I ray therefore, according to the
same principle, that' if It is used by
anybody else the proprietor ought to
have some compensation for It. I think
it is right and proper that the proprie
tor should have some compensation,
and not give it away. The state own
ing the water, and the federal govern
ment owning the land abutting the
water, when it takes both land and
water to develop water power, I do not
see, to save my life, how it is going to
be developed In any other way than
by the joint operation of both. It is
the sane and reasonable idea. Better
cooperation than Inactivity, waste,
stagnation."
Powder company last year made $55
500,000. This would gladden Its
stockholders, all of whom are doubt
less advocates of preparedness. A lit
tle later I read that the Standard Oil
company of Indiana was able to de
clare a dividend of 63 per cent. This
was Joyful news to ita stockholders.
who are not very numerous. The last
and most interesting item, which I
read a few days ago, said' that 600.000
miners had been granted an increase
of $8,603,000 for the year. Knowing
that hard labor and scant fare had
Deen saia to be always their por
tion, I was staggered at the immense
addition to their Incomes and con
cluded I might 'hear' them saying
in unison "Praise God from whom J1
blessings flow." But after a mo
ment's thought all expectation van
ished. ; A calculation of benefits
showed that the average benefit to
each man would be less than 20 cents
per week. Then came the knowledge
that clothing alone has gone up, as
the result of the war in Europe. 25
per cent. Therefore, Instead of songs
of praise. If any cound comes It will
be a wall of despair. Can we see a
glad day for the worklngman under
such conditions?
JOSEPH BARRETT.
Quotes Scripture on War.
Portland, Or March 15. To the Edi
tor of The Journal In The Journal of
January 18 Walter E. Sparks of Cor
nelius, Or., brings In the scriptures to
prove the wisdom of preparedness.
Jesus says: "Resist not evil, but
overcome evil with good." "If a man
smite thee on the one cheek, turn to
him the other also." "It a man com
pel thee to go one mile with' him, go
twain." I'if he sue thee at the law
and take from thee thy cloak, give to
him thy vesture also," and finally he
says, "Put up thy sword, for he that
taketh the sword must perish by the
sword." This applies more fully to
nations than to individuals, not for
getting that there are many eminent
divines and advocates of preparedness
who claim the divine right of nations
to arm themselves and commit mur
der, rapine and destruction.
: The, nation Is larger than the Indi
vidual broader, greater, and stronger.
So much greater the responsibility,
and so much more the necessity" of
following the precepts.
C. I. HOWARD.
Tuesday.
Portland, Or, March IS. To the Edi
tor of The Journal Please publish, on
what day of the week December 17,
1817, cam, ; , MRjy M. J. J,
Looks Less , This Way.
From the Buffalo Enquirer.
The fire loss of . the United States
and Canada during . January totaled
$21,423,259. Scattered -all around, that
does not look as big as though it had
been the $21,19 7,2 4 0 taxable property
of the 60,000 inhabitants of Rockford,
I1L4 ' . - - ,
TKQnce Gter
I BY RF,V T .flMPMAM
-JRAND OPERA like bsnklnglS
J one of the million or so things
that I don't know anything about. , - ;
U Of course I may learn a good
deal about it next Friday and Sat
urday. luat aa T AiA BKs. Kvtn tn I.
- BMVUb LT.lllLltl, .
my personally conducted tour of th
First National last week.
J And Arthur Jonea who showed
me the gold and silver and tellers
and stenographers and other equip
ment
Arthur says that my understand
ing of the banking business coneid-.."
ering my slight acquaintance with -j
money is simply wonderful.
Jin fact Arthur says it's almost-
wlerd.
J And ao that I won't go to the '
grand opera altogether unprepared
I'm going to do my best to soak up
Information before Friday.
7 For Instance I'm going to find -
out how to pronounce Felice I,yne's
name.
bpcanso I hear It pronounced sev- '
eral ways.
J Some Call it "Line."
and some say "Linn."
and I'm goinsr to ask Dr. F. E.
Moore.
because he's Felice's uncle or
something.
and ha ought to know.
J And Feflce as I understand ita
has the big Job in one of the operas.
JThat is she has about the same
kind of a part that Christy Mathew-
son used to have in a world's series.
J And she was born In Missouri.
which gives her local color.
only she didn't come across the
plains In a covered wagon.
like Charles B. Moores or T. T.
Geer or Breeze Gibson.
J No Felice came by train.
J And she did her first public sing
ing in Sunday school up at La
Qrande only a few years ago.
J And It seems funny.
because I did my first publio
singing in Sunday school.
and Bang as hard as I could.
and nobody ever asked me to sing
any place else.
J On the contrary they rather dis
couraged me.
J And here I am writing this sort
of stuff.
and Felice is getting a million
dollars a year I guess.
TAnd we both started singing
unaer tne same circumstances.
J And maybe It goes to show the
importance of early environment.
provided you can get away from
it.
J But I started out to write about
the grand opera.
and there were a number if
words.
like chiaroscuro.
and motif,
and coloratura.
that I wanted to work in a
though I knew what they meant.
J And now I won't have a chance.
And I guess I'll wait and when
Felice comes I'll ask her.
at the same time that I aak her
I have asked so many what she
thinks of the view from Portland
heights.
TAnd she'll probably tell me
"About the same aa any other view
a rainy day."
tjAnd there's one of the operas
about three kings.
TAnd I can't find out much about
It.
except that Mano Zan said that
Ed Moriarity knew.
TAnd I asked Ed and lie said it
was a good hand but he'd seen it
beat often.
J And I don't know what they mean
but
J LISTEN That's no reason tht
I can see why I shouldn't talk
grand opera to my heart's content.
"In the Springtime, Gentle Annie."
Beporta are to the effect that the fish are
running In the slongbs west of LekeTtaw.
This will be a call for the lor I nlmtvxls to
be biking out there shout daylight some of
these mornings. lakevlew Sxamluer.
s s
Wild violets are peeping from the leaf
monld on hillside, crocus snd tulip buds era
emerging from the garden flmrer bed. The
army of frogs Is croaking Ita welcome to the
b rettb of warm west wind. The poet feels
the stirring of the muse spring li on us.
Hooa tUTer uiacier.
The official op
opening or spring is only
few days away, but the sir la crisp ss early
antoma. Twenty-four boors may bring a
temperature that wlU wsrrsnt the wearing
of etraw hata. and then spring will not dare
to retreat. lebsooa kx press.
The Beach, oesr and snole trees ara be
ginning to bloom throughout the Talley under
the warm sannhloe of the lat week, and a
pretty acaae la the result. Now and then on
esc catch a whiff of the per fame of the
blooms. The almond trees bare been ka
bloom for 10 days snd sre much In faror fnr
home and social decorations. Medlnra sua.
Japanned English.
(The Independent Rwrlew, Hoaolnlo. Edi
ted and Pnbliabed by a Japanese.)
President WUsrra shaa commenced bis
stump en preparedness.
Brery dweller In this territory, no mat
ter be la an American eltlxen or nX,
should be Interested in any work which
stands for the general progress of Ha
wall, apliitnally aa weU materially, 'f
be does not care for It, he la to be de
manded to leave here.
The sugar ladnatry baa progressed fro a
bound to leap within a century. -'
,
Take Yoor Choice.
The Neche (N, D.) Chronotype say
that the subject of a recent debate tr
the Neche schools was: "Resolved
that fresh air Is more Important thai-
exercise.
Stori9r OTr I
StreeiTowri ;
Wouldn't It Beat You?
A T one time last year the member
JCX, shin Of the Ockley Green parent
Teacher association included the name
of Mrs. Pie, Mrs. Candy, Mrs. Bacoi
and Mrs. Lemon.
"
' Journey Was Worth It.
SCOTCH frugality is no myth, aver?
Richard E. Randall, assistant pas
tor of the First Presbyterian church
"Two Scotch ladies desired to leav.
this country the other day and came t.
me ifor a signature on their passport
Tou know it is required they have th
signature of a British subject and ,
am not yet a fully fledged America
citizen, due to the peculiar cbaracte
f vnur laws. We went down to th
British consul's office where they, Wer r
Informed a tax Ot .,z wouja omim
posed.
"Ah, we did not know that, sal'
one of them, and, 'I think we must g
home and talk -this over and conside
It,' suggested the other. So they wen
bacfc home, and In due time, havin
considered the trip worth, the tax, the
came back and paid - - ?