V
THE OREGON DAILY : JOURNAL, 'PORTLAND. SATURDAY, r. MARCH 1 1, 1916.
if
THE JOURNAL.
C S. JACKSON.
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America asks nothing for her
self but what she has a right to
ask for humanity itself.
WOODROW WILSON.
S3
-a
On the perilous edge of bat
tle. Milton.
t
THE HUNT FOR VILLA
is
WE ARE not at war with
Mexico.
Our resolve .to capture
and punish Villa and his
bandits for the murder of Ameri
can citizens on American soil Is
;. not armed invasion of Mexico. It
Is the step we take when hostile
; Indians or outlaws of any sort
perpetrate outrages.
Nobody knows where the proc
ess will end. Under the Ameri
can treaty with Mexico, we have
: the rfght to go on Mexican soil to
Capture and punish Mexican ban
dits. In our present enterprise,
we are, for outrages committed on
American soil, sending armed
.forces against those who are enc
.mles of the de facto government
of Mexico, that government being
for the present unable to control
Villa and his band of murderers.
. The thing we-do not know is in
what light Carranza and the Mex
ican people as a whole, made ig
norant through centuries of op
pression, may regard our armed
'movements on Mexican soil.
K In these circumstances nobody
knows but that a mere punitive
expedition for the capture; of the
murderers may ultimately develop
into a far more serious complica
tion. ,
The present outrage differs from
those that have preceded it. Villa
- a at the head of a considerable
. force of armed desperadoes. His
. reverses and final overthrow as a
competitor for power in Mexico
may have produced that despera
tion which is insanity to all in
tents and purposes. A devilish
predilection seems to have seised
him to make war on the United
States. That is what his attack
on Columbus amounts to.
lie may have been hired by se
cret Interests that want armedrs.
Intervention, to commit outrages
that will provoke the Washington
government to a step that may
have war as its ultimate.
-l Whatever his mood or his mo
i tive or the cause of. his action, he
. is In a mad career of outrage and
.murder of American cltlaens that
render his apprehension and pun
ishment Imperative.
. In what, he has done and in the
menace he - has become, there li
ample justification for the resolve
of the Washington government to
hupf him down all with the eon
sent and cooperation of the de
facto government if possible, with-.
out it, if necessary.
v A valuable contribution to the
local discussion on rural credits
is the article -run in sections tr
the editorial page the past few
days of The Journal. The articla
was prepared for The Journal by
, L. L. Sharp, chief of the Yield
division of the United States land
-office, and whatever the individual
view as to Its conclusions, the in
formation afforded is of large
yalue.
- UNUSUAL HOQUIAM
; spHE town, of Hoquiam in Wash
', I lngton, has earned a crown
' K of laureL Like most towns
In this country, it wants a
federal building and the congress
man from that part of the world
made it his particular task to see
. that Hoquiam's want was satisfied.
Kia statesmanlike diligence won
an appropriation of $125,000 for
the idesired structure and - if Ho?
quiam had been iige some towns
-we know of there would have been
a wild : outburst of Jubilation on
the streets
,But Hoquiam has singularities
of . its own. It seems to ' possess
r that rare trait -called publie virtue.
There was no rejoicing : over the
appropriation. Because it was too
sm all No, gentle reader, not be-?
cause It was too small, but because
,It was too .big.
CanSyQUJjlmagitfe such a thing?!
And .in an .American community?
And yet It really happened,- Ho-J
qnlam had no use for so much
publio money. So ' ths " citizens
signed a protest to their active
and efficient congressman telling
him that $50,000 would he enough
for . their building , and that "any
tnors would be pork." Three
cheers for Hoquiam. May her
noble example spread from ocean
to ocean.
When S. A. D. Puter appeared
at ths grant land committee hear
ing In Washington, he was com
pelled In answer to questions, to
admit that he Is to get a half in
terest in grant land quarter sec
tions at a nominal price under cer
tain contracts he has. made with
claimants. The Journal had testi
fied before the committee in ad
vance of Mr. Puter.
A LIGHT A? HARVARD
A HARVARD professor has
earned ths world's gratitude
by discovering a solution
iur luir wages aaa unem
ployment. The great man's name
is Thomas Nixon Carver. We give
all of it so that the people of the
country may have a good big rack
to hang their gratitude on. Pro
fessor Thomas Nixon Carver finds
the remedy for allt our economic
troubles in higher prices. "Pay
more money for your milk, eggs,
beefsteak and shoes," he argues,
"and Instantly you will he rejoiced
at the spectacle of a lob for every
man and v high wages for every
Job."
The professor's reasoning is un
impeachably rigorous. If we pay
more for goods it follows that em
ployers will have more money to
pay out in wages. And, since their
one purpose in life 'is to pay ths
highest wages they possibly can,
the workers will forthwith see
their weekly envelopes bulging
with wealth. This reasoning, we
say, is as rigorous as logic Itself.
We wish the facts behind it were
as solid.
But we have never yet been
permitted to observe this over
powering eagerness on the part of
employers to pay out their last
cent in wages. It is a somewhat
prevalent habit of most of them
to make wages as low as circum
stances permit. And a tidal flow
of money into their pockets does
not necessarily imply a similar
flow into the pockets of their
workmen. If we should all rush,
in the goodness, of our hearts to
pay the beef trust twice as much
for a steak as we pay now, is It
quite certain that the caBh would
be passed on by the trust to its
help? Is that what trusts are in
the habit of doing?
If we should all agree to pay
the milk trust twice as much as
we now pay for each pint, would
hired men on the farm be any bols
ter off? The trust might pass the
new profit on to the farrier and
he might conceivably pass some of
It on to, his hired man. But what
a person might do and what he
would do are unhappily ofttimes
very different things. If Profes
sor Thomas Nixon Carver really
wants to put a little more money
into workmen's pockets he will re
wise to give it to them directly
and not by way ofjhe trusts. The
trusts have 6ticky fingers where
cash is concerned.
N
The Albany Republicans who
wired Congressman Hawley to sup
port the administration in foreign
complications are Americans first
and partisans afterwards.
HE WOMEN WORKER FUSS
T
HERE seems to have been
more misunderstanding -than
anything else between Port?
land employers and the In
dustrial Welfare commission. The
employers thought the commission
was about to impose new and
heavy restrictions. What was pro
posed was not the work of the
commission, but of a sub-committee
named not by the commission,
but by representatives of the em
ployers, the employes and -the pub
lic The proposals had not even beten
presented to the commission. They
could not be presented until after
extended hearings. At least six
months or more would be required
for them to even reach the com
mission. Nor was there the-'slightest rea
son for expectation that all the
proposals would be adopted by the
commission. The body has been
quite moderate, In Its regulatory
processes. The three adjoining
states of Washington, California
and Idaho each have 48-hour
weeks. Oregon's is a 54-hour
week.
The commission has proceeded
Blpwly, as it should. Its advance
should be rational, and he taken
only under conditions that will be
fair and just to all parties. And
its past policy is practical guaran
tee that such will he its course.
The 'talk meanwhile that the
law will be repealed and the In
dustrial Welfare commission be
abolished Is not sound judgment.
Thus, there was a bill on the last
ballot of which the title was
"Eight-hour Day and Room-ventilation
Law for Female Workers."
It was a much more drastic bill
than were the provisions suggested
as basis of discussion by the sub
committee. It did not lack many
votes of passing. The vote for
was 88,480. and against 120.296.
A change . of seven per cent of the
votes ; would have - adopted the
measure.
More to the point, the chief ar-
i rument used -against the bill was
the existence of thl Industrial Wei-
fare commission with its powers
of fixing ' the hours of . women
workers. , . Organizations represent
ing some of : the very employers
who threaten repeal of the Indus
trial Welfare commission used the
Industrial Welfare commission to
beat the eight-hour bill.
And but for the Industrial Wel
fare commission they would prob
ably have gotten a regulatory law
far more draatio than any action
the commission will take. A law
Is Inflexible. - The commission will
listen to reason and to fact, and it
Is probable that employers would
make a .serious mistake to under
take, abolition of the body.
. The Journal's columns are still
open to Mayor Albee or any other
city commissioner who claims the
paper's reports of city hall affairs
are not accurate.
A DREAM UNFULFILLED
CERTAIN gentlemen and news
papers used to highly indulge
themselves in criticism of the
' prison policy of Governor
West.
James Withycombe was one. Tn
his campaign for election, he was
aggressively censorious. In his
inaugural address as governor be
assured, folks that he would better
the arrangements at the prison.
He said:
I cannot apeak so optimistically
concerning: the Qreson state peniten
tiary. In many respects that estab
lishment is in an unsatisfactory con
dition. Broadly speaking-, its chief
demerits are insufficient equipment
and the aaamplormant of Its Inmates.
Durinr the last month there were
1(0 men in the penitentiary without
occupation, and there seems fair rea
son to expect that the number will
increase. Such a condition is con
trary to the dictates of humanity and
economic wisdomr So far as possible,
the prisoners should be kept physical
ly sound and assuredly their labors
should be utilised to the utmost, for
their own good and that of the tax
payers who are forced to support
them.
There were 160 idle meoic tha
prison then. There are 400 now.
Though only four more con
victs were received at the prison
the first year of the Withycombe
administration than in the last
year of the West administration,
there are 563 inmates now against
424 when -Withycombe took of
fice. The increase In the number
of convicts is 139, and the in
crease in unemployed convicts is
240.
The prison fund is approaching
bankruptcy. Increases in the num
ber of guards and other mounting
expenses are rapidly exhausting
the prison appropriation, and by
midsummer the State Emergency
board will have to be called to
gether to authorize the lncurment
of a deficit for the prison.
West never had a prison deficit
except when there was a fire, and
$1500 was required to replace tho
building. West left a surplus of
$12,000 in cash, brick and tile in
the revolving' fund and an unex
pended balance of $26,850 in the
prison appropriation which was
turned back into the treasury,
when Withycombe took office.
West under the honor system
kept many convicts at useful em
ployment on the roads without
guards, while Withycombe, except
the trusties, keeps all convicts
employed on outside work heavily
guarded. Yet of the 18 escapes
in the last year of West, all were
returned but five, while in the
first year of Withycombe, of the
14 escapes, nine are' still at large.
The thunderous tones of criti
cism of West and the clarion as
surances of wondrous betterment
to be made at the penitentiary
ceem a dream unfulfilled.
PORTLAND A WOOL CENTER
THERE is a discussion bn this
page of wool and woolmen
by a newspaper published in
the heart of the- wool country.
- The article is from Bruce Den
nis' La Grande Observer. It in
telligently discusses the segrega
tion and sale of wool in the Port
land warehouses, and presents In
formation of much value. It casta
a light that makes the article well
worth reading.
Sales of wool through the Port
land warehouses last season were
the-Unitial transactions unde4hat
system. They proved conclusively
to those who tried the marketing
of wool through this city that
better values are obtainable than
by the former system of contract
ing or selling at country points.
This season, both local ware
houses will sort and grade wool
coming from the Interior. Instead
of being compelled to purchase all
sorts and grades of wool in order
to get the quality of wool actually
desired, the buyer will be able to
purchase just what he wants and
the exact volume he wants. For
that privilege, manufacturers are
willing to pay better prices than
they do pay In the country. There
Is a further advantage that in
buying here buyers eliminate mncn
expense and delay In securing the
wool that they require.
The Portland Bystem is the Aus
tralian system. It is the scien
tific system ajnd will survive be
cause it is fundamental.
PIG CLlW AND BANKERS
.
AMONG the peculiar Institu
tions of Oklahoma are the
"pig "clubs" which, the farm
er hoys have organized. Each
boy looks after the diet ' education
of one pig , which -. at jthe proper
time competes for a prize and then
sacrifices its life for thf welfare
of its benefactor. The money
from the , sale of the : devoted
porkers Is -spent pretty largely at
the stores of Oklahoma City and
what Is not spent is deposited in
the savings banks. -.
With this, fact for V basis, the
boys hav mads an Interesting re
quest of the Oklahoma City busi
ness men, both storekeepers and
bankers. They ask for an advance
of $20 to each boy belonging to
the pig club of that vicinity. With
this capital In hand the boys can
buy stock of a better grade and
thus increase, both their own prof
its and those of the firms they
deal with. There Is a disposition
in Oklahoma City to do what the
boys ask. The business men seem
to understand that it is their duty
to make some return to their coun
try customers for the trade they
receive from them.
The notion that the city should
take a hand In promoting agricul
ture in all its branches Is some
thing of a novelty in the United
States, hut it is the soundest kind
of economics. The older theory
that a city might thrive by plun
dering the farmers had great pres
tige for a time, too much prestige
and for too long a time. It made
the city man despise the farmer
as a "hayseed" and a "rube,"
while the farmer reciprocated by
calling the city man a robber. The
newer doctrine, is that the city
can not thrive by robbery.
A little thought will convince
any intelligent person that the
greatness of the city is founded
on the prosperity of the farmerr.
American bankers and merchants
have pretty well learned the les
son and we see them everywhere
encouraging such enterprises as
the Oklahoma pig clubs. The en
couragement will he more effectual
when it is turned to providing
markets adequate to dispose of
the &rmers' products. Prosperity
is not generated by raising stock
or crops unless they can be sold
at remunerative prices.
NOTHING THE MATTER
WITH PORTLAND
Two pronpa of busy workers ara tha uJ
)etm f today' dlscoorse. No. 73, no tha text,
"Nothing tbe Matter With Portland." . Tha
useful cooper Is celebrated in long and story,
and the coopers now to b quoted ara men who
iag at tbelr toil, for they are prospering, and
nave be o for many a year. Likewise proepera
a Portland factory who iiBlqua craft it tbe,
making; of ireUUIc nip nhlnglea and rldpe crest
ins;, which products, make for comfortable hous
tnjr tod bstc a wide market all their own.
HERE Is one not an "Infant indus
try," if age be permitted to
count.
It wa 32 years ago, in 1884, that
FinKe Bros, established their cooper
age works in this city.
It is not a corporation, but owned
by three brothers, Bemhard, Julias
E. and Robert J., the first as man
ager In Portland, the second conduct
ing: the operations of the firm's saw
mill at Brookfleld. Wash., where their
staves ac-d headings are made.
The location of their business in
this city Is at 183 Madison street,
near the west end of the Hawthorne
bridge. v
The company has an output of
135,000 a year, and as it pays $20,
000 e?f that to employes, of which
there are at this time E4, though not
always so many, it will be seen that
its existence is a decided benefit to
the workers of Portland and Fiook-
rfield, n town1 IE miles up river from
Astoria, on the Washington side.
COVERS THREE STATES AND
ALASKA.
"Our products are Bold in Oregon,
Washington and Alaska," Bernhar-1
Finke Informed The Journal. W(
make pickle containers as smalt as
2tt gallons, and fish barrels up ti
100 gallons. W make 60-gallon cider
barrels for 12.25 and 200-pound sauer
kraut barrels for $1.75. How is that
for low prices? All other sUes ara
are sold at proportionately low fig
ures, so no on can ship our products
to Portland from outside towns and
compete with us. We construct all
kinds of pickle and vinegar barrels,
tierces, tanks, butter firkins, etc. In
deed we do anything in the cooperage
line, giving prompt and efficient
service in all eases.
"We ship from our sawmill many
carloads of headings, staves and
hazel hoops to cooperage concerns
all along the coast. In fact, we doj
a thriving business in those lines,
and it is a source of a considerable
portion of our income. As you will
readily understand, we make use of
native products in everything except
iron hoops. The material for these
we buy in the east, but the outlay
is of little consequence. Labor gets
much more than half of our gross In
come, so we are helping some In that
direction."
PROHIBITION HASN'T HURT.
Asked if prohibition had Injure!
the business of cooperage tetany ap
preciable extent, Mr. Finke ' replied:
"Very little. We sold a few cheap
barrels In which bottled beer wa
packed for shipment, but the profit
in these was so infinitesimal that
we never oared much for the work.
It is likely that we will have greater
call for cider kegs than heretofore,
and thaf, as a matter of fact, there
will be no actual lees en aesount of
the adoption of prohibition." j
The company has good demand for
salmon barrels and tierces which are
iihipped to Alaska, ''but .lUt other
manufacturers they are hampered In
their Alaska business on account of
lack of shipping facilities. ' Factory
managers in all lines eornplaJn of
this, and there Is vaiversa) wonder
that there is not a' steamship Una
connecting Portland with Alaskan
consumers.'
: The Finke Brothers are unassum
ing, hard : working gentlemen, and
their business has beeh largely built
up ' by : the toll ' of thelr . individual
hands, v. They are all workers and
entitled f their earnings. .Tha la
borer la worthy1 of his hire," 4
The Metallic Hip Bhlngle and Ridge
Cresting Company. , '
Her .is a Portland factory that
covers the territory from the Rocky
mountains to the Mexican boundary.
,1 B. Williams, $15 Hawthorne
avenue. ' manufactures metallic hip
shingles and ridge erestlng, and by
the thousands 'land tens ef thousands.
As samples of tbe orders he has
en file, The Journal representative
noticed one from the Marshall-Wells
Hardware company for (1,000; an
other from the Honaymaa Hardware
company for $1,000, and from Falling
aV McCalman, $1,000. There were
pages of ether orders of almost equal
magnitude, and a multitude ef little
fellows aggregating thousands upon
thousands.
And there's the rub.
"There is not much trouble in get
ting orders," Mr. Williams explained,
"hut it is hard to secure material
with which to fill them. Galvanised
iron is a scarce article in the eastern
market. Any metal containing cop
per or sino is In hiding and its price
has soared upward amasingly. That
which cost $4. $0 per 100 pounds be
fore the war, I pay $t.7S for now,
and can scarcely get it at that. It's
a fright. It seems to me It could
net be much worse If wewere at war
ourselves.
MAKE THEM HERE.
"Tea. w make these shingles here.
Our machinery is below, and we have
a oapaclty of 10,000 a day,' or about
$,00,000 a year if we run steadily.
We have not turned out so many the
past year.
"This factory was established 10
years ago. I had had long experience
in the building of homes, and saw
there was lacking something to take
the place of the old, mossreovered
method of knitting the shingles to
gether on the hips and covering these
with boards or ridge roll. 'Neces
sity being the mother of invention,'
I set my wits to work, with the re
sult that these bip shingles are
rapidly taking ths place of the eh
solete methods, and at no greater ex
pense. Wear considered, they are
cheaper. They will last practically
forever or at least longer than the
best preserved wooden roof will last.
"These shingles make a lock joint
with every course of the wood shin
gles, and bring out the roof lines as
desired by all modern builders. They
are impervious to storms, positively
never leak, and are easily put on,
and at an expense lass than ridge
roil and but a trifle above top
shingles.
WILL PREVENT MOSS.
"If not painted, we guarantee these
galvanized shingles will prevent moss
from growing on the roof. The cor
rosion from the sine eoatfng of the
iron, and wash of rain, will stop
growth of moss upon any shingled
roof.
"They can be used on the ridge
with or without terminals, and the
constantly increasing demand for
them is assurance that they are be
coming more end more appreciated
wherever known. Not In one instanoe
have I ever heard this invention con
demned. They are in universal favor,
and the only thing of the kind made,
nor can they be made outside my
own shop.
"And they are a Portland article.
They came into life in Portland. They
are an asset ef this city. They are
on roofs In all parts of Oregon. They
are en roofs in all parts of Wash
ington, Idaho, in British Columbia,
and I have regular patrons in Salt
Lake City. They go into California
and to its southern border, They
ar sold by dealers in the larger
cities, and we ship to the smaller
ones where they cannot be had. In
time they will he considered as neces
sary as nails, and no high class struc
ture covered with Arood shingles will
be found without them."
Mr. Williams was shipping a bunch
to Fresno, Cal., at the time of this
conversation.
These everlasting galvanised shin
gles are for use on ridges of roofs
or where shingles meet on angles.
They are perfect protection from
driving rain or drifting snow, and It
certainly is quite a feather in Port
land's cap to have such a factory
exclusively its own.
Letters From the People
(OnmtnaDlratkma sent to Tbe Journal for
m,hllcatloB In thia aDartmant boa Id b writ.
leu os only ane aide of the paper, should not
iceed 800 wards la lenfth and must be ae.
ein psuled by tbe sane and address of the
a near. If the writer does not desire to bare
the sane pubUsaeO, be aaooM sa slate. J
"rHsensatoB Is tha areatsat of all reformers.
It rationalises ererytSlna it teaches. It robe
iirlt.niHi of aU fala saaetit aad throws them
back an their reesoaableneae. If the hsve oe
ressoDaMaaeaa, It ruthlessly erusnea tnem aoi
at eilstence and sets up its ow eoaciasioaa
ta tbalf stssd," Woodrosr Wueen,
The) Thurmaa Street Slide.
Portland, Or.. March t.To the Edi
tor of The Journal It Is with a feel
ing of sympathy I note Commissioner
Week's appeals sad excuses regarding
the slides at the end ef Thurman street.
It is with pleaaur X note the stand of
the other commissioners, who are, in
my mind, real engineers.
It is common - knowledge, among
practical engineers' and maintenance
officials dealing with earth works, that
earth tn embankments, saturated with
water, will assume a slope -of lesser
proportions than 1H horlsontol to one
vertical. When dry earth is piled so
that the slopes are 1 to 1 or steeper
there can be only one result when this
embankment or Pile becomes saturated
with snow and rath water after a die
integrating action of frost; slid until
sufficient Quantity of material is piled
at the toe or bottom of the slope to
counteract the weigtit of tfe sliding
materia above, or. tn other words, the
resistance offered by the material at
the bottom must be sufficient to hold
tho entire mass In equilibrium drain
tlla, French drains, dry walla, tr,
notwithstanding. In common praetlcs
when a slide occurs or even before It
does occur measures are taken to in
crease tbe pressure at the toe suffici
ently in excess mt the weight of mass
sliding, te ereate equilibrium, usually
by a row or row of piling, and where
PERTINENT fcOMMENT
7esni belles Its name when it elects
a womau treasurer.
e e
Before it's ever, why net adopt
"Miami!" a tha afflelal veil ar
Baby week?
New York's health commissioner
asks that all dogs be banished from
tne city, imcxj dogs:
a a -
The presumption is that Salmon day
dinner tasted so good several encores
Will ba demanded.
If Portland bonds keep on increasing
in price, it won't be long before only
tha rich can own them.
. - e
Style week ought to be real interest.
Ing If enough Portland women go in
for some of tha latest styles.
Some great good may come out of
the battle of Verdun. It ought to help
cure Europe of tbe war habit.
a
Charlie Chaplin might be getting a
bigger salary if his press agents were
capable of tpinklng beyond six figures.
"As mad as a hatter" takes en new
significance now that fast black dyes
have advanced about 6000 per cent In
Price. .
Wall street should bear In mind that
If Mr. Brandois goes on the supreme
bench be will be removed as a presU
dential "menace."
e
Victor Murdook cables that "the
United States hasnt a friend in Eu
rope." And yet Via, himself, ts over
there, i
Commissioner Harlan says' Port
land's rate case will be given a fair
hearing by the interstate commerce
commission. With that assured, there
ought to be no question about the out
come, provided, of course, the commis
sion is fair after the hearing.
PORTLAND AS A
From the La Grande Observer.
One of Oregon's great crops is wool.
For yeara and years the wool grower
has taken pride in growing an excel
lent quality of wool. He prepared it
carefully and waited for the men from
Boston. to come and buy it; he had
nothing to say about holding it for
better pgee; be knew little about the
wool business, outside 6f knowing 'how
tO STOW gOOd WOOL
The Boston and other eastern buy
ers would come out and make offers
for the Oregon wool and tbe offers
were accepted becaus there was noth
ing else to do. When every other line
of business went under the clamp of
keen competition the wool buyer re
mained supreme and his position was
lofty and unapproachable.
a
Lately Portland has conceived the
Idea of establishing wool warehouses
and two are now in operation. The
coruplstion of the Panama canal was
the direct caus of this movement,
which is of vital interest to woolmen,
for it is found there is a saving ef
79 cents a hundred in freight on wool
from Rlverton, Harney eounty (which
is tbe most interior yailpolnt at pres
errt), to Boston' when shipped by rail
to Portland and from Portland to
Boston by water.
The railroad rate from Rlverton
direct to Boston is $2.19 a hundred.
From Rlverton to Portland the rail-
beauty, either science or landscape, is
to be maintained, masonry or concrete
retaining walls.
Tha cheapest way to hold the slida
at Thurman street is to drive a row
of piling at the bottom and the writer
is sure that at the eommen charge for
driving piling, the , expense would be
nominal and for a distance of 1000
feet with piling spaced six feet apart,
center to center, capped with 12x12
timber and backed with bulkhead, four
feet high, four Inches thick, the ap
proximate cos would be as follows:
166 20-foot piles at $8 $182-8
Caps at $20 per M 240
Bulkhead plank 4x12 at $20 per M. 320
Labor, placing timber, $10 per M.. 280
Total $2168
These figures are in excess of pres
ent market prices and are used for
argument. However, the bulkhead con
structed would hold Thurman street
slide even though it were ten times the
extent and would amply protect the
four families that live beyond the end
of the carline and who have, even
though Thurman street slid out en
tirely, another road available for travel
not over 200 feet distant. .
Compare this amount or money to
maintain the end of a street with what
has been spent and what Is asked for.
ABB C. FORRESTER.
On the Right to Be Well Born.
Cottage Grove, Or March 7. To the
Editor of Tho Journal. In Dr. Love
land's sermon on birth control, and
in your discussion of the sermon, are
some deductions that when followed
to a logical conclusion will, in my
opinion, prove very erroneous. I
think most people are agreed that
every baby has a right to be well born,
which means of healthy parents and
into good environments. In order for
the proper conditions to obtain, the
parents must not be denied the op
portunities for providing proper en
vironments for themselves and little
ones; but they are being, so denied by
the present customs of our social or
der. It is strange that in this so-called
enlightened age the pulpit and press
will still cling to the long ago ex
ploded theory of Mai thus. He very
evidently forgot that God is the au
thor of nature, which he charges with
being niggardly and with having ten
dencies to nullify efforts toward hu
man betterment. How can we escape
the conclusion that in accepting Mal
thus' theory wa are charring- God with
inefficiency and poor Judgment? It
is not the delinquencies ef nature but
the conceited wisdom of man In ding
ing to unjust customs that is the cause
of enforced poverty, which in turn
denies millions of babies their divine
right to be well born and have proper
opportunities for growth into strong
men and women, spiritually, morally
and physically. Tou have pointed out
many times, and are corroborated by
statistics and by no less a person than
Dr. Loveland, that drunkenness and
dissipation are not f o much the "Cause
of poverty as that poverty, most of
which is enforced by our social cus
toms, is the cause of tha former.
It after society has abolished Its
unjust customs the conditions affect
ing tho rights of babies are net vastly
if not wholly remedied, it will then
be time to sit In Judgment upon the
wisdom of God.
C. A. MLEMORE.
Light Companies Charge.
Portland, Or, March T.-To the Edl
tor of The Journal I have lived, la the
largest cities of the United States and
have worked for two of the largest gas
and electric companies, hut never as
yet have I found a city outside of Port
land where they add S per cent te your
bill if not paid within 15 days, as one
of our electric companies does here.
Most of the larger companies take f
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
111 1
All teaehers In the Bend schools !
have thus early been reengaged, and
at increases for those longest in serv
ice. The superintendent U to receive
$100 a year,
"Fifteen million feet of Oregon fir,"
says tbe Medford Bun, "has been or
dered by th Southern Pacific for. the
construction ofhew freight cars. Noth
ing will help Oregon more at the pres
ent time thanNa revival of the lumber
industry, and nothing will help the
country more than an adequate supply
of freight ears.
Baker, through the Herald, thus
voices Aoepitallty to the farmers round
about: "Even is the city charter does
not permit the use of municipal funds
on the establishment of a farmers' rest
room in Baker let tbe good work go
on so we will have a home in which to
greet the people from outside that we
like to have with us frequently."
a a
Charge to the newly organlaed
Toung Men's Booster club of Bums,
administered by the News: "Come
right along, boys; put your shoulder
to the chariot of progress and assist
In the obtaining of railways; aid in the
quick development of the Irrigation
project; contend with might and main
for an early adjustment of water
rights; organize and maintain good
wholesome social events that depend
upon your united efforts for the full
est and most successful issue."
e
New objective for the vocational
student, suggested by Grants Pass
Courier: "Frofessor H. H. Ward rip
and Ms manual training classes spent
a part of the afternoon yesterday at
the E. R. Crouch assay office, where
they were given demonstrations of the
manner of eeuring precious metals
from the ore for assaying purposes.
These trips te the various industries
are looked forward to with great in
terest by students of the high school."
WOOL CENTER
read charges are 95 cents a hundred,
and from Portland to Boston by wn.tar
through the canal the rate is 45 cents,
making ths total rate from Rlverton
to Boston by way of the canal, $1.40
againsj. $2.19 by rail to Boston.
There is another feature that i
important to woolmen. When wool
is shipped to Portland and stored in
the warehouse it adds weight because
of tbe damp climate, and when it la
shipped by water route it adds more
weight. But when sent by rail frm
the dry climate of eastern Oregon and
routed over the dry deserts the wool
continually shrinks from the time It
leaves eastern Oregon until it arrives
in Boston. This is quite an Ham "on
large shipments.
a e 1 4
The two wool warehouses In Port
land have been in operation only a
short time but they have demonstrated
their need to the woolgrewer. Tha
business last year was not enormously
large but it opened the way and clari
fied the atmosphere tossuch an extent
that this year it is very doubtful if
any of the Boston buyers succeed in
purchasing much wool In Oregon. It
will go to Portland and be properly
warehoused, where it will be held for
the grower until the market reaches
such point as he desires to sell.
We can see ho reason why thia
movement has not greatly helped the
wool industry of Oregon.
or 10 per cent oft the net bill if paid
within a specified time. This sounds
reasonable and would give the con
sumer an equal advantage, otherwise
it Is all l,n the company's favor and
nothing for the consumer, especially
this company, which is charging the
limit more than the limit according
to a competitive company. At tbe rata
of 6 per cent on 15 days it would
amount to 120 per cent a year. That is
mors than the loan agencies charge
you. What I want to know is, haVe
they a right to add to a bill ' an
amount for which they gave neither
service nor merchandise. Furthermore
oould they force one to pay this amount
or shut off his electricity,' and would
It be right in the eyes of the law
JOHN A SCHMOKER.
The Egg Situation.
Woodburn, Or.. March 7. To the
Editor of The Journal Your editor of
the egg situation as expressed in your
Issue of this morning must be dull in
deed to see much mystery in the egg
situation In this territory (Willamette
valley) at .this time. While the old
and the young hen are exceedingly
busy, their owner is also busy stuffing
the incubator and coaxing ths hen to
assist' in changing these eggs into
bundles of walking down and feathers
In the ' shortest possible time, while
they are cheap. This is the specula
tion ef the egg farmer at this season
of the year. J. VOORHEES.
' Teace With Honor!
From the Chicago Herald (Republican).
President Wilson's -trpen letter of
February 24. 1916, to Senator Stone
will assuredly find a place in all col
lections of vital national documents.
In a great crisis of national welfare
and for national honor tht republls
chief magistrate has drawn With the
clearness of the lightning's - flash
through the midnight skies th Use
of patriotic duty.
The German government have at
tempted while war is In progress to
disregard and alter the principles upon
which all civilized nations have agreed
for the mitigation of the horrors and
sufferings of war. That, as the presi
dent says, "no nation, no group of
nations, has the right" to do. They
may attempt It; they may attempt to
deprive humanity of the rule of law;
it does not consist with our honor to
yield, no matter what the cost. We
desire amity with them, but we de
not fear their hostility. The presi
dent speaks for every American in
whom tha American soul is not dead
or dying when he says:
I cannot consent to any abridg
ment of ths rights of American clti
sens. The honor and self respect of
the nation are involved. We covet
peace and shall preserve it at any
cost but the loss of honor. To forbid
our people to exercise their rights
for fear we might be called upon te
vindicate them would be a dep humil
iation indeed. It would be an aeaulas
enoe in the violation of the rights of
mankind everywhere. It would bs a
deliberate abdication of our proud po
sition as spokesman even amidst the
turmoil of war for the law and tha
right. What we are contend
ing for Is of the very essence of
the things that have made America
a sovereign nation. She cannot yield
them without conceding her own im
potency and making virtual surrender
of her Independent position among tbe
nations of the world."
ttrtrupAW Wilson baa VnlcArl tha sanl
ef the American people-tbe deep and
resvjuio Bvui uiavi jivw u uqir bus in
surface . storms ef faction and that
rises in might flood te overwhelm
the trimmers of sails ef profit and
of personal prudence to their gusty
flaws. He has touched with tha fin
ger of living light the American soul.
Under that touch It does not pauae
to 'weigh and balanes gains and losses.
Th4Pnce Qser
Dear Oae Orer I Bare aoted wttfe laterest
that yeur koUost has a real ppUey, as elated
n a recent iiwua. .
I see cleelr that yos are occurring tbe Bid.
ale greeod betwoea the fanlufiDde and 'the
allly seer-optimist who looks into th eky
and declares that lb world la beaatlful..
T be aMe tm see tbe sorrows aad mistakes
of ourselves aad others and to see at the
same time that they ara balanced br eur
Joys and blessing, la the task of the raaiv
vpuiaist.
Anybody esn criticise and use a hammer.
Many eau abut their e?es te tha disagreeable
thlois aad declare that tbe world te coed.
But the thing te de and the thing that yes
are doing oat of the time is fe help us
to remove the erU aad ta appreciate aad en
hance tha rood.
To be rational, that's the Idea. Keep going
ahead with both wheels or with all row
wheels. We are all with yea. H. a. kv s
sWsaaaaBeaaaanaaai ..
IT SEEMS NECESSARY whenever"
anybody or anything has a' policy
that somebody else write a letter
or make a speech do something--
approving that policy. S
IT And now that Us policy an
nounced last week has been approved
this kollum can go right on doing
its oast to merit the approval, v
And of course I never had any
Idea that the Once Over's policy
was so Inclusive as H. A R.'a let
ter shows it Is.
Tf Which only goes to show that
when a policy is announced you ean
never tell how much territory It's g&
Ing to take in.
tl But If this kollum Is of any value
as an antidote for dull care as let
ters from Its friends say It Is then
it wishes that Its sphere of Influence
could be enlarged to take in the
whole outdoors.
And this of course would mean
the erasure of all International
boundary lines.
ff And that I think would bo a
mighty Lood thing for ths world.
if men's prejudices and Jealous
ies eould he erased at ths same
time.
ff But for the present fnare are a
few minor matters that must be
conaidered.
fj For instance there's Ed Werlntn.
And Ed wants to know why X
should have thought of him when Z
wanted somebody to play the devil
at the opening of Lest last Wednes
day. fJAnd of course I don't know,
fjl Just thought of htm that's alt
J' Aend Ed says he's going to sue the
lum for libel.
fj And I suppose Beeliebus will be
sore also when he hears about it.
ff And I don't know what to do.
ff And so 111 pass right otj 1 the
ease of the man who looks like M.
L. Gumbert.
and who bought a Once Over
book.
and never got It.
because I couldn't find him.
ff But I found him day before yes
terday down behind the big maho
gany desk at the office ef ths Mil
waukee railroad.
ff And he wanted to know where
his book was.
ff And I told him about his double.
ffAnd he said -That's all right
bring me the. book."
fj And his name is Ed Garrlaon.
and I'm going to get his plcturo.
and one of M. L. Oum-ert.
and print them In the Saturday
veil jus Aiiui. 1
and let the publio deeide if tney
don't look alike.
ffAnd this seems like a good way
to settle It except
ff LISTEN If 1 do maybe they'll
both sue me for libel.
I J on and Lamb Stuff.
Hurrah! March came in like a roar
ing lion and, of course, will go oi)t like
a nice little lammy. Joaeph Herald,
e e
March has come in a veritable lion.
Let ua hope the days of lamblike
tendencies are not far distant. Hood
River Glacier,
e e
This is the month when the weather
comes in like a lion and goes out like
a lamb or vice versa. Locally, March
began something like a lion, but more J
in tne nature 01 a isms uus, iiwuim
sufficiently unruly to lead to the hope
that the month will depart more docile.
Astoria Budget.
The lion and the lamb, who are,
by all axioms, supposed to take peace
ful turns at governing the March
weather, must have disagreed and fin
ally met in conflict up in the regions
from whence our weather comes, for
all the night of the last day of Feb
ruary and-all the first day of March,
fleecelika snow fluttered down from
the akv. March did not come in with
a lionlike roar, but quietly with low,
hanging clouds and occasional flurries
of snow which were soon dissipated
by frequent beams of sunshine. Ash
land Tidings.
Maroh weather struck this region
of country In a manner that out
classed tho British lien. It was mors
likened unto a furious enmasse Ger
man charge, checking all opposition
to its program by stopping farm op
erations and ths possibility of trans
planting tomato plants for a few days.
The weather greeting on March 1 was
three lnehea of new snow and a gen
ua hint ef tbe March wind. Well, it
(may end with Bryan's peace dove har
' ing some influence on the weather.
anyway. uurns wews.
Virgil's Timely Wheeze.
"I see President Wilson is to havr
a great summer residence in New
Jersey," said the Busy Man.
"Yes,' Intoned Virgil Vumm, "and a
Villa in Mexico, too."
He Is a Protestant,
Portland. March 9. To tbe Editor
of Ths Journal Is Justice Hughes of
tbe United States supreme court a Ro
man Catholic? A SUBSCRIBER.
Uncle Jeff Snow SaysJ
Weeds and tramps are Juatflames
for things God mad and man has al
lowed to . grow is tb wrong places
for 'era.
; Gets Horn t Sometimes. V
VjT RS. L. GEE of the Garment Work-
iYl era, la very earnest in her re
ports of matters ana tntngw wnen en
her feet at the Central Labo Council,
but frequently brings a laugh by, her
way of telling experiences. Recently
she told of visiting a butcher friend
who had opened a new place on the
east aide. "How long do your man
work?' she asked. "About 19 to 11
hours a day." replied tbe meat dealer.
"But you keep open . here about jf
hours a day, as near as I can see,
said Mrs. Gee. -"Don't you ever go
home?" "Well, Mrs. Gee." he said lirvl
I get home, and sometimes I don't.
owing to the way business rushes me."