THE? JOURNAL
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OUK1U.N A0VEUTI3I NO BKl'BJCBKNTATI VE
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America asks nothing for her
self bat what she has , right tu
ask for humanity itself, l.;
U'OODROW WILSON.
S8
The proper means of in
creasing the love we bear to
our country, is to reside Home
time in a foreign one. Shen-
tone.
ss
OKKGOX VICTORIES
N COMPETITION with the world,
'I Oregon made a clean sweep lu
I the international egg-laying con
. test at the Panama exposition.
It Is. a triumph for which tho
state of Oregon is indebted to the
Oregon Agricultural college.
Though there were 55 entries from
ill parts of the world, the college
pens took first, second and third
prizeB. The fourth prize went to
British Columbia pen, and the
prize, for the greatest number of
egg3 by a single hen in a year'r
contest was taken by a Lebanon
bird.
The Oregon college has as head
of its poultry department, one of
the most famous poultry experts
In the world. It is doubtful if
tny living man has as profound
a knowledge of the habits,, require
ments and possibilities and breed
ing of poultry. The trophies he
has won for Oregon at the ex
position and in the former recordr.
made in egg laying contests, are
tirnrtf of Mr Ilrviloi'o mmlr In
' ."Wfc Vb ..... V.JUUUM . D 1
' theTotiUry field.
The victories at the exposition
are reflected in the evolution work
ing out In the poultry induBtry In
the state, under the leadership of
the college. The bulletins, the de
monstration trains and the dfs-
,'tribntlon of eggs from birds of
pronounced egg-laying strain have
changed the whole aspect of the
- poultry Industry In this state.
i Where formerly we were heavy
Importers of poultry products, we
are now producing abundantly for
Our own use and are on the thres
hold of becoming exporters. The
Increase in poultry production ir.
he past three years has been phe
bomenal. ?. In the single item of tho greater
wealth derived from poultry pro
duced, the Oregon Agricultural
college has given back to the state
more than the state has given for
; maintenance of the Institution.
THE RENASCENT CZECHS
uuucuuaus iu lilt" LUI1CU
States, who are numerous and
more intelligent than some of
our immigrants, are making
themselves heard in regard to
the coming reorganization of Eu-
vijh. n la iiarijr vnvJUfcU lllcU I lie
? map will be altered good deal
In -consequence of the war and the
Bohemians are making the Initial
moves to recover their ancient lib-
trties. They have organized a "na
i tional alliance" for the United
"States and Canada with a platform
. which demands "an independent Bo
hemian Slovak (State."
For many years Bohemia has
been swallowed up in the Empire
of; the Hapsburgs, though its peo
ple never felt much, love for that
fTasping house. They took an ac
tive part in the great revolutions
of. 1848, which shook the thrones
: Of Europe for a few months, but in
fthe end their rising was suppressed
and tyranny became worse than
ever. Jt was not until 1859 that
the Bohemians secured some fee-
hie constitutional rights und even
then they were far from satisfied.
" they believed themselves oppressed
h? the Magyar and German ele
tnenta in the Empire and have
loused for a mora adequate nation
M. expression.
Ia recent years there has been
. revival of Bohemian literaturt
. and the native language has been
. ardently cultivated by patriotic
; Ozechi. Their history is full of
Inspiration. . In John IIuss Bo
hemia produced' a leader of civil
ization. His country was a pio
neer in that forward -movement
which goes Cby the- name' of the
' Refdrraatiorl and among her sons
Wer Some of Jthe most capable mil
itary conVmandersa Of , theif; ; tim.o,
The Counter-Reformation - and -: tb
terrfble Thir'ty Years., War crushed
out tb nascent civilization of 'Bo
hemia, but the germs survived and
EQWhey.-artmanirestln ,tl?mba5tened with flat anjd not roso"
selves la new hopes and lofty as-
plrations. America feels a nat-
ural sympathy with the spirit of tire projected more than a quarter tem was 1036.
freedom wherever it comes to light, of aas inch from, the surface of i Deaths from external causea
'the tire the owner of the vehicle ; numbered 649, of which 116 were
WHEN WOMEN RULE should be fined. 'suicides.
T ' . v.i ! After two centuries had passed! In respect to age there were al-
. cmcSO papers are Jubl- ,t oegan to reall2ed that tn moBt many deaths fr0m gen
lant over the deed of a frail fungible poliCy was to adapt the eral diseases between the ages ot
woman who. in her timorous roads to the them ; twenty.flve and xuty between
"c"um ttucumyiiBneu a
which the sheriff and all his men !
could not do, or said they could
not. Fact does not always jibe
with fancy in sheriff's offices and )
sometimes the minions of the law
nay they can't do what they really
don't want. t$ do, a habit in which
they resemble bad little boys.
The woman in question had filed Oregon Electric train- claimed
a damage suit against a certain Tuesday its fourth victim in three
man upon whom it was necessary years.
to serve some papers. The sheriff's . The third victim was kiMed near
men couldn't uerve the papers bo- the same spot three weeks ago.
cause they were unable to find a. passing Southern Pacific train
the defendant. He lived iu a big fn eacn instance seems to 'have
house in-a wealthy quarter of Chi-, bewildered the victims as the Ore
cago and his goings and comings gon Kiectric train which was to
were frequent but still, tq. the law
and its officers, he was. invisible
Probably he had eaten fern seed.
The woman finally grew tired of
the law's delay and took, matters
into her own hand. Armed with a!
goodly pile of brickbats , she
marched, up to her oppressor's'
porch and fired them through the j
plate glass of his front door. Nat- j
urally he had her arrested, just as
she had planned, and he also had j
to appear In court to testify against
her. ;
In this capacity it was impos- a
Bible for the sheriff's officers not half holiday for public employes
to see him and the woman's pa-1 while private employes work longer
pers were finally Berved. To us ' hours without a half holiday and
this reads' like a highly edifying for smaller compensation. "This is
story, though we do not seem to The Journal's reply to the letter on
know exactly what it teaches, un- this page, which defends the prac
loss it be that when women come , tice in federal government depart
to rule the affairs of the world ments in Portland In which 278
a good many evasions and decep- employes are employed to do tho
tions will be driven away and we work of 243 in order that the 278
shall face life more honestly. Worn- may have a seven-hour day and a
en appear to Bcorn base indirec-, Saturday half holiday.
tion more bitterly trian men do.;
ROADS WD LOADS
A
PERPLEXING problem in
many counties Is the regula
tion of the weight of loa-Js
on improved highways. The
problem in not a new one. It con
fronted the people of Great Britain
In the bejrirming of the seventeenth
century when vehicular traffic be
gan to develop.
The genesis of our road laws is
found in the English laws, and in
confirmation of the old saying that
the world moves In circles we find
that the present day method of
dealing with the problem Is fol
lowing along the same lines
adopted by the English whoe
policy was to adapt the traffic to
the roads instead of constructing
roads to sustain the ever increasing-traffic.
The policy of restrict
ing the weight of loads and reg
ulating the breadth of wheels be
came pronounced during the reign
of James I.
Confirming one of his father's
orders Charles I issued a proclama
tion commanding "that no carrier
or other person whatsoever shall
travel with any waine, cart or car
riage with more than two whee's
nor with above the weight of twen
ty hundred: 'nor shall draw any
waine, cart or other carriage with
above five horses at once."
From the accession of William
and Mary every few years saw
fresh acts of parliament changing
or adding to previous regulations
as to weight of loads, number of
horses, the order in which thev
should be harnassed, the brearHh
of tires, the position of the wheels,
the kind of nails to be used for
fastening the tires and so on. To
enforce the regulations severe
penalties were imposed. Any per
son was authorized to seize ana
keep possession of "such number
of horses as might be attached to
n. carter's wapon in excess of six,
or to a cart for hire in excess of
three."
The various provisions respect
tho number of, horses or oxen per
cart or wagon failed to keep the
loads down to a weight suited to
the deficiencies of the road and
George 11 authorized turnpike trus
tees not only to erect weighing
machines but to impose an addi
tional toll of twenty shillings per
hundred weight on any wagon,
which, together with Us contents
had a total weight exceeding sixty
hundred weight.
In addition to regulating weight,
parliament devoted much atten
tion to the construction of vehicles,
particularly the breadth of wheel
rims. One act established nine
inches as the minimum width of a
tire. Wagons jwith nine inch
wheels were allowed free passage
on all turnpikes. To make up for
the loss of toll, collectors were per-
m Uln.l in t i . . ., I. ...... .-. .
uiiLLcu iu i in uuac neuviui rates oil
wheels of lesser width. Another
curious provision was tbe arge
of half toll on wagons whose rear
wheels tracked with the front
ones.
The broad wheel policy was not
satisfactory and it evoked much
criticism from others besides farm
ers. One critic said:
Of all the
barbarous and abominable ma-
chines that have been contrived
by ignorance and maintained by
Vulrar prejudice. none hsvp
. . .. .
equalled the broad wheeled car-
rfagea that are now in use. In-
In-
,they
stead ot rolling the roads
flnq them, into mud and dust "
.Not alone cart wheela. but. cart!
tfheel naUs; engaged tho attention
( pttllament. One act provided deaths therefrom. Under the clas
among other things that "the I Blficatlon of general diseases there
6treaks" or' tires of wheels were toLwere 1679 deaths. This includes
headed nails. Another act dl-
rected that when the nails of the
. We will nH tn .tk.
leed to sol
problem jn
a similar way.
A FOURTH VICTI3I
N A STRETCH of track run
ning parallel with a Southern
Pacific main line Just east of
the city limits of Albany, an
0
bft their doom came speeding on.
It would seem that a way could ! p
be devised by which to minimize
the peril of this fatal spot, and a
decent regard for the value of
human life would suggest 'that a
plan of the kind be applied.
FEDERAL PAYROLLS
T
HROUGHOUT its existence. The
Journal has advocated shorter
hours for all workers.
But it has never advocated
seven-hour day and a Saturday
Wno paya these 278 employes?!
The money comes from the toil
of hands. All wealth is created" by
wprk. The more money govern-
meuu, uusurua lur its yuryur.c iUO
more somebody must work to pro-
vide that money, the longer hours j
that somebody must remain at hi" ,
msiY, iuc UJV'C "c u,usl .
go without in his home, the fewer
shoes he must buy for his children,
the less leisure and the less com
fort he can have.
And that somebody is the aver-
age worker, that undefended work- ,
er on long hours and short rations i
that The Journal is speaking for
. ... v. kii n
When it insists that public payrolls
should not be an asylum Of leisure,
a rendezvous of ease, ln short, a
private snap instead of a public
trust.
PROPHET STEINMETZ
R. CHARLES P. STEINMETZ
Is an electrical engineer, per
haps the most eminent in the
D
world
He is employed by a
big electrical corporation which
pays him a princely salary and
fin -la 111 t i cn VQlnahlo that AVPn
, . , i
his radical opinions are tolerated.
This is probably more or less dif
ficult for the corporation to doi
since Dr. Steinmetz is a pronounced
I-..1.H.1 i -u l..
rociafisi wuo ueueves aim upeniy t
toaches all those half-baked doc
trines about human brotherhood,
the abolishment of poverty and uni
versal happiness.
Dr. Steinmetz writes mathemat
ical works on electricity so erudite
unij iitii i a. uuecu )icujic iu i
tne Lnited states can read tnem.
We dare say before he dies he
will write a book so learnedly dif-
ficult that nobody can read it and and depref,slng debrls of the bacUyard
will then go down to his grave!, . , tv,.
happy.
This wonderful man has given
an interview to Collier's Weekly In j
which he permits himself to specu
late regarding the future of elec-1
trlcity. In his opinion hardly any- I
thing has yet been done in tbe'
way of applying It to human uBes 1
We are just at the dawn of the '
real electrical age. People now on
earth will live to see this subtle
and potent agency doing most of ;
the work of the world and doing
it economically, swiftly and with-1
out dirt. Electricity is a cleans- j
Ing and beautifying element, as
well as one of limitless utility.
This genius which i3 soon, accord
ing to Dr. Steinmetz, to. take charge
of so large a portion of our hay
nlness and comfort is best eener-
atpd hv water nower. Wherever
water flowa or falls, there elec
tricity may be caused to pour
forth for human weal, or for tbe
weal of a small cli'que of monopo
lists. The choice rests with the
people. Electricity is destined to
control our future and it depends
for its abundance and cheapness on
the waterpowers. It follows pret-
c,ear, that th whQ
' -
the waterpowers
country.
will own the
A HEALTHY STATE
S
OME interesting vital statistics
are given in the annual re
port of the state board of
health for the year endln
December 31, 1914, just issued by
the state printing department.
The total number of deaths dur-
ing the year was 6446, or which
9i5K. females and 1 fiQ1 mains
-w " -
The number Of births reported waa
11,624. 5944 males and 5ti0t
11,624, 5944 males and ,5680" fe -
males. The total number of mar -
rtages reported was 5170.
Cancer, Still Shows an increase
over former years. There1 were 480
deaths front tuberculosis wMclrtQ
taled 637. The number who died i
from diseases of tho circulatory sys-
tifv or nv.fU
I case the number was
j the second 536.
j The total mortality rate of th
state for 1914 was ten for every
thousand of population a low rate
indicating Oregon is a healthy
state.
WHAT VENICE MEANS
TO THE WORLD
Harrev M Watta in Philadelphia Ledcer.
KNTTCK Is for everyone. It is not
Va hidden meaning. a form of
beauty that is only understood I
when explained by specialists, but
freelv and frankly today, as it has
een for centuries, it exists as one j
of those realized dreams of fantasy
that human beings are only capabla
of in their great moments at soma
critical period of the world's history,
when thej put in permanent form
those creations of the mind that,
otherwise, trailing the nimbus of
glory, might never be, or like "the
baseless fabric of hie vision, the un
substantial pageant" of the poet, "the
cloud-capped towers, the gorgeous
palaces, the solemn temples," dissolve
nd fade "and leave not a rack be
hind." One, indeed, has but to look
around and see on every side the pho
tographic record of some of its fam
ous buildings, its canals and its al
leys, its campaniles. Its palaces and
piazzas, its landscapes and seascapes,
without which no American house
hold seems to be complete, to get a
faint idea what it would mean if all
that these things are but the faint
shadow of were blotted out and of
Venice it should be written as of
Tpres "Erat" "It was!"
And that this will be its fate
should the counsels of f rightfulness
prevaU n0 one can ,joubti for the frail
character of the buildings in Venice
,g such that a steady rain of bombs
would do more damase tnan ln the
rlti nn terr- flrma whit there la
not, even in Rome itself, such a con-
centration of architectural beauty or
of historic Interest as in found i-i !
! these few square miles of the city of!1' 4a fallacy to believe that more
the lagoons. Perhaps the Austrian
disciples of General Bissing will es-
plain that they only aim at buildings j
U8ed for offensive operations and that
they have a higher regard for the j
beauties of Venice than do the Ital-
ians themselves, who, by going
to
war, have put ln Jeopardy the safety
of Venice and all the great northern
art centers for which Italy is custo-
j dian for the world at large. Perhaps,
I but what of it? When the bomb fell
on
the roof of the Church of tho !
Scalzi and destroyed the superb bra
vura frescoes of Tiepolo on the ceil
ing, the perpetrators put themselves
outside the Dale of civilised peoples. !
It is true the Church of the Scalzi
adjoins the railroad station, and, p
. . ,
re-
sumably, the aviators were trying to
hit' this important military depot1; but
in Venice no risks of any kind can"
f
i "
iJC
taken unless the enemy have
-r , -
tnrtwn ail decencies 10 ine TVina. iai-
I .rAlrnwrlfl nnlA and church irlance I
, , , i ,
iu inuiLii, vr, 4l v siauiu,
that not even the trifling modern
changes of today can affect. For the !
poetry is there, although, as one ap-j
proaches the famous city from the
mainland
in the shimmer of a sum-
I a ...n one', heart oinL-o ao tha
I . ' . , . . , '
rallroaa yards, gas plants, electric
. ... .. ... ,,tne naUonai qu,stion 0f elavery in
and you are assured that what seems j the south, we shall have trouble. But
to be a very literal duplication c-t
the worst aspect of Atlantic City from
the meadows is Venice itself. But
you quickly find your old dream
you qulckly
your old dream
comes true
when. after passinar
I through the dingy railroad station
i you step out on its raaittt quay and
at once are confronted by the real
Venice that is "the Venice of the
sweet maiden's fancy," gondolas and
' all, and where, as ts true of no other
I place on this restless orb, every stone,
I every brick counts. Indeed, it ws
! not by mere caprice that Ruskin en
i titled his description of Its archl
, tectural glories "The Stones of Ven
I Ice" since,' literally, the unnumbered
beauties of its facades demand this
i minute and detailed study, and to
ntss
some one square foot Inlaid
i marble Is to be ravished of a treas
' ure which, when seen, remains for
ever a fragrant memory.
. .
But the stones of Venice are not
without their humors, and .the first
thing you see from the railroad sts-
tion, across the Grand Canal, is
the
curious church of St. Simeon, with a
very large dome that reaches so far
down on the squat walls of the church
that when Napoleon came to Venice
and looked at it he made the famous
mot. "I have often seen churches
without domes, but hera is a dome
without a church." And then as your
gondolier turns to tin- b-ft you se
the overelaborate facade of the
Church of the Scalsl (barefoot friarsl.
and your trip into the fairyland of
I "calle and canale'1 is begun. And
j you are perfectly at home, of course.
; for have you not been feeding your
funrv nn vim nf Venice all vour lifo
,
and here is everything Just as 4t
cught to be? Moreover, if you feel
1 cught
! you ar
c Wl ) iiv.ii nit Aiiiniiniiuh, d-alnrii i o nllel
rush, can any home touch be surer
I than to note that garden wall and,
here and there, a high facade Is cov -
ereu with our own laminar Virginia
creeper, often, even In summer, show
ing In Its foliage a premonitory touch
of hectic colors m If .anxious, la
, 4i
foreign lands t spread a hint of the
exotic glories of the American au-
tumn!
'
Th modernization of Venice in
deed is all at the back, and once you
are inside not even the little motor-
boats, the vaporettU or the larger j
. , ... . I
steamboat, the vapore, that act as
trolley cars for the citizens, spoil the
In the first effect you have seen so often pictured Se'l, now Yeady for 'the gu
534 and in , in prose and poetry; and as evening , bernatorlal music.
J falls, even with the lltUe low-pow- ' .
ered Incandescent lights illuminatinj
the canals instead of the old lan-
terns, the Venice of old comes out ,
in oyerpowerlng manner and under
the August moon, with the gondolas
crowding around the music boats an
chored, at the entrance of the Grand
Canal, with the graceful silvery
domes of the Santa Maria Delia Sa
lute to the right and at your left the
plazetta, . the Ducal Palace and the
campanile of
St. Mark's and the
Blow of its famous piazza as well,
wlt a11 tlle old Palac ront. now
mostly hotels, at the entrance of tb
111 wuuuty
not know Tintoretto from Titlar,
Falma Vecchio frorn Paolo Veronese,
think that Venice is more than any
painter or poet has described It.
Letters From the People
(CommunicatkiDa aetrt to Tha Journal 1m
publication ln tnia department abould be writ
ten on only one aide etbe paper, should not
exceed 300 worda in Tengtli and mint be ac
companied by tbe name and addrraa of tbe
sender. If the writer does not desire to bae
tba name published, be should to state.)
"Dlaeosslon Is the greatest of all reformer.
It ratU.ua Uk-s eTerjtbing it touches. It roba
principles of all false sanctity aud throws them
back on tbelr reasonableness. If tber be no
reasonableness. It ruthlessly crushes them out
of exlstenra and ets up ita own conclusions
In their staad.'' Woodrow Wilsoa.
Federal Payrolls.
Portland, Or., Nov. 23. To the Edi
tor of The Journal Apropos of your
editorial last evening regarding the
working, hours of 278 federal em-
ployes, it impresses me as being
most untimely. In the face of the
present and ever-growing unemploy
ment, it would appear to anyone who
has made even a superficial study
of social conditions that what we
want is not agitation for an in
crease ln hours, but quite the re
verse. Efficiency, or the ability to
perform a given task with the high
est degree of perfection or skill, does
not mean that that task should be
performed for a greater number of
hours. The fact is that where the
hlE-hest efficiency is reoulred it has
been found that the hours must bi
of wQrk whefe inef ficlency preval,8
tlat longer hours are resorted to in
order to make up for rack of skill.
wuift is aicumpumieu wneil me floors
are long. And such agitation as evi-
danced ln your editorial of last eve-
nlng, in my opinion, has a tendency
t0, Creat? a wrong impression in the
minds of both employer and emplove.
is H not the tendency in all class-s
of work to shorten the hours and
Increase the efficiency? I have known:
stated that they have become com-
pletely exhausted after four hour-'
work on a given task under the ef-
ficlency system. Therefore for thft i
preservation of the race we may net:
advocate Inefficiency, but we should
advocate
short hoTTrs.
HARRIET T. CHERVIN.
The Seven Hour Day.
Oswego, Or.. Nov. 23. To the Edi
tor of The Journal I hope you will
be so liberal as to permit me to voice The October reports puDiisned last
my opinion through your paper con-' week show continued Improvement,
cerning your editorial under the cap- Great Northern's earnings are up $1,
tion "Wasteful Payrolls." in which 0t2,000. Bu in view of the grain
yo i deplore the fact that the federal movement, that was to be expected,
government employe works only seven The most noticeable feature ln the
hours a day, while "other folks, the whole railway situation is the sharp
fa 7 rwr s A Tfrt nn rf Vi a mAn wn n A tha ami h arn i-ia f a T . ?
v-. v,. KVa s..va Va. " VJ VV'lllUIUIl IUII Ul
imve tu wuin. vigm una ien.
Accordinff to your &tatitiotr ther arc
,2i8 edral employes. By compellinar
; thern to woru ejght hours a day only
243 would be needed. Correct. But
what yarould become of the 35 who
would lose their Jobs? Are the ranks
of the unemployed not large enough,
that we should increase them? Tlu
problem of unemployment has al-
I ""U' UBCUine
a national question:
I witness the work of the industrial
relations com miss Jon diirfnn th no at
i - - - - r -" K""
! mands speedy solution. When it
shall have become as keen as was
" win not oe a second eivll war; It
1 b Woody revolution. Although
"faorTde
! iaorea rew wno could work less
; than ten hours a day. I do not h-
, tnan ten hours a day. I do not be-
Erutee. the federar employes their sev
en. won iuck to tnem. I sincerely
nope tney win not only maintain
their present status but strive for a
still shorter day. For only by short
ening our working hours we workers
do away with unemployment, eliminate
mutual competition on the labor mar-
Ket, consequently Increase our wages
and come within easy reach of. what
, .s..i...7 "cuiiRj io us me ' nursuit
of happiness."
J. LL'DOW.
T j.. at. .
a ioi.-rs ri. rfuuns t-OnOuttora.
Portland, Or.. Nov. 23. To the Ed!- ! mills, for instance, actually are be
tor of the Journal. I would like to I coming buyers of steel. The Pltts-
i express my appreciation of lha
mousniruiness or the conductors of
the St. Johns car line. Thev are es
pecially considerate of women with
children, and of old people, and strang
ers. One might say, "well, that is
what they are paid for," but I do not
look at it that way. I think- th. or-
1 real gentlemen.
This is from an appreciative .patron.
T1lREU -
' r- j i .....
oujs oumiay laws All .Man-Made.
eaiem, ur, rxov. Z4.--To the Editor
i or tne Journal. One of the most hack
I neyed and Indefensible nx.thr.Ho
i forcing the views Of an individual or
an organization is to insist that hiu
views come from God. The value of
this method is that if you Insist stren
ously enough many people will believe
It. and so be suppressed. But. while
often effective, this attempt to over
ride opposition by claiming divine sanc
tion is merely a confession of weak
ness. The field secretary of the Sabbath
association uses such an argument to
uphold Sunday laws. With supreme
assurance that his view is unassailable,
be asserts that "moral law" meaning-the
decalogue and hence the law
1 7 " ' Tk ' ' ti h k
I v. ... . ., .
ror sanoatn observance, came from
w
i m nme itocn ucn a dictum
; was generally accepted, but the time
Tof ',nd acceptance of church author-
ity has gone by. Besearrh shows that
: made ordinances nat even originating
among the Jews. Thus it has the same
! ",vu"! 8"u a 'ws
of Ger-
I many.
The real truth about Jewish Sab-
bath laws seems to be that they were
promulgated by the priesthood of a
local religion, in order to more firmly i
rivet Its doctrines upon (bt People, so
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGE
No. Portland's Woodrow Wilson
league is not an aggregation of rowers.
.......
Now that we hve given thanks, let a
ret bUBy on that Christmas chopping.
II.. a 4' a. t t. 1
Christmas, but he may have to
be satisfied with a year or two from
'hristmas
France and England are said to be
contemplating some "surprises" In the
Balkans. It's always wise to prepare
people for too great a surprise.
The small boy who turned several
mice loose -in a Portland fmovle, thea
ter thought out a good Scenario but
; failed to get the hosiery filmed.
It is not probable that the Baker
eountv rancher who killed hba three
little children and himself because of
business reserses has bettered his
prospects.
When Oregon's Panama-Pacific ex
hibit is brought to Portland It will be
possible for Oregon-first people to see
Oregon's best without going to San
Francisco.
a
Th nation's nostal savinss deposits
rinereased more than ten per rent dur
ing October showing tnat people oiner
thaa munition makers are accumulat
ing money.
Judge Cunning, of Baker, having an
nounced that after December la
"drunks" w-ill be given jail sentences
expiring New Year's day, there may
be some cunning off as well as on the
bench at Baker.
THE ECONOMIC
William C. Ward ln Commerce and
Finance. November 17.
The financial situation ln the United
States Is being fortified each day by
the establishment of symmetry among
its part. The steel Industry stands
on so normal a basis that it was able
to withdraw certain export quotations
last vmIi. Other manufacturing en-
' temrises. too. have ceased to regard
their prosperity as dependent upon the
war needs of Europe. War-order wind
falls are being used to cancel bondea
debts, instead of being distributed un
thriftily in extra dividends. Bank
clearings continue to ne reponeu uue
to record figures, ana every new in
crease in surplus Is properly balanced
by an Increase in loans. Money is
neither being hoarded nor wasted.
Even the stock market has thrown off
the war spell. Bonds are being bought
i -r rAnfd flr-iirA Ana everv
Rt steadily rising prices, despite neavy
sales from abroad and the widespread
i belief that such securities are due to
1 deDreciate. The only one-sided ele-
ment in the entire commercial struc
ture is the foreign trade, and the one
menace which that one-sidedness has
been held to contain is removed for
the time being by arrangements which
have strengthened the foreign ex
changes. Agricultural and railroad
i prosperity have enabled the trad re-
views to report glowingly.
i
Between the m0Tnt f
from the northwest and tn contin-
' ued congestion of traffic at Atlantic
i seaboard points, railroad facilities are
taxed to the utmost. Baltimore &
; traffic in Its history. Idle equipment
! Is at its lowest since .November 15,
j 1913. Since September 1, 80,812 new
freight cars have been contracted ror,
and the railroads are nov Inquiring
for 50.000 more. But it Is not only ln
the matter of equipment that the car
riers find their facilities inadequate.
Around Chicago railroad labor is bo
scarce that $2.25 a day is being offered
for work which commanded only J1..5
one month ago.
K 1 1 1 1 5 H 1 1 1 U i I t l"C PUUVUt,!"
K. reported earnings up J441.4B8
Southern. $443,177; Mobile & Ohio,
$129,825. The gain for all the lines
reporting to Dun's was 7.7 per cent
over September earnings.
These changes, it must oe remem
bered, occurred before, the acute con
pestion of traffic ln the east devel
oped, and before the grain movement
had attained anything- like maximum
proportions. November earnings
when published, undoubtedly will sur-
- nn..tkinn Havo iAn vavr1
I I, jt.Tn Oil iiiuiK vc " v
The withdrawal of
quotations -for
abroad speaks
rear delivery oruers
1 ioqUently of the sold-up condition of
the steel mills. It was well known
that tlie Gteel Corporation had ac
ceptea all the orders Its big plants can
"J?
that rehabilitation of its old and worn
m. -. i ,..-rB in nn ffnrt
: miiu was In nrorress in an effort
; to increase its output capacity. Also
I u was known that contracts had ben
' signed at the rate of 1.000,000 tons a
: W4?ek during October. But no one was
' quite prepared for the unfilled tonnage
rpnort of 6.165.452 an Increase of
su: 834 tons durinr- the month, which
nrobablv is a conservative measure of
, the excess of demand over capacity,
Throughout thj entire Industry
v, ,.t thl snrnf rnnrlit on are
! heard. They point Tward a Btate of
"""" " -- -----
is now hampering the railroads. Meel
burr Steel company has purchased 40,-
000 tons of Bessemer billets within
the last 10 days for making wre pro
ducts, releasing its own open-hearth
capacity for the manufacture of pe
cial steels for forging and other pur
poses. This seeming paradox is really
nothing more nor less than a reflec-
I tmU the prIests and rulers might re-
'tain their rank and power. The pur-
nna or present suuuuj " " -
..pntiaiiv different. Rest is not the.
r.si nhtPi-t nf these laws. Because or
a senseless insistence upon a dictated
vu cnri n -practical indifference to
cti.
f ft
the real cause or uie woes ui Human
ity the churches are losing ineir
power of drawing people to their services-
and these Sunday laws are oe
sired' In the vain hope that cutting
people off from other Sunday recrea-
INDEX OF ADVANCING
TIDE OF PROSPERITY
Chicago That business on
railroads Is gaining rapidly is
reflected in the American Rail
way association's report of
surplus cars on November 1
f among lines in the United btates,
t a decrease of 5U.060 cars com
.--.I Htii tha iJctober 1 report.
'A I t VJ " . . - ..
It i only a few months ago tha'
the car surplus was more than
200.000.
Complaints of car shorts z
from all parts of the country
are increasing. Northwestern
roads have Issued orders to pre
vent their cars from going east.
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
A band is being recruited at Ores
cent. Klamath county, as an extension
ot the school work, and to be under the
control and direction of the teucher.
As an incident of prospective rall-
k..lMIw nKtivltiM in r-i)trul t t -
K0n. the Burns Commercial club, h.-i ;
been rertved and rorgamsauon is in -nd 0 one net heard ,!
progress. m a Vle president do anytiiltiK
Several more large two htory bri. k '" trouble,
business buildings are to be erected at .-except the ilnrd vice pre
Joseph in early spring. the Herald ot a rHuriau-.-says.
and that the outlook for a lnely
bnildinar boom next summer is excep- ' or an Iiimiii-mii.t ,m)
tionally good.
A dramatic club has been organized
at Hood Rive and the. News says thnt
while some of the younger ranchers
are relaxing from the arduous dutlf
of the ranch they will "grace tlie foot
lights and furnish what promiHeH to be
excellent entertainment for the ex
pectant public."
A trio from th Tutuilla mission on
the reservation constituted an attrac
tion at the Presbyterian church it
Pendleton last Sunday evening. Tli'1
members of the trio were Allfii
Pa taw a. Jim Baruhait und Rev. J. M.
Cornelison. Parsons Motanii- was at
Kn ... . . . . C .. 1 , n, t I...
service conducted by Rtv. K. V. Wat - J
rlngton.
a
The Benton County Courier claims
Corvallis is heHdquarters for hmccvit y
in Oregon. "There is a tiayiiiR." snsi
the Courier, "that men grow old. only!
in years In Corvallis. It Is also aid
there are more men over S' years oi I j
in this city than any place of liVi
population ln the state. Rev. I. A. j
Moses Is one of the notable ycpims
men who Is Hearing the 90 milestone .
vet hut few would judge him to li-i
over 65."
NEWS OF A WEEK
tWn of the cooperation going on anions
tbe mills ln an effort to use steel eco
nomically and make what is admit
tedly an inadequate supply go as far
as possible.
Forelgn trade continues to roll up
the balance against Kurope. Iast
week $64,286,000 worth of merchandise
went abroad, and $30,273,000 wortli
was imported. Both items were con
siderably below the average of recent
weeks.
The unusually large quantity of
foodstuffs going out of the country
at present does not consist only of
gTain and other staples. Export sales
of meats and provisions by the Chi
cago packers average over a million
tounds a day, and a 10,000,000 pound
week Is not rare. The average of such
exports is between two and three
times as large as normally, notwith
standing that the Austro-Uerman
trade, which used to equal from one-
fourth to one-third the total, has i
ceased altogether. Among bulk ship
ments, oil, too, looms large. Since
the closing of the Panama canal, most
of this trade has been diverted through
New York. Beginning with November
10 express trains carrying 750,000 gal
lons of petrol for export, leave the
California oil fields daily over the
Santa Fe for Chicago and New York.
Bank clearings in the prinripal Vllies
totaled $4,641,820,759 ilightly below
the turnover of last week, but nearly
Oouble that of the corresponding week
last year and about SO per cent greater
than in 1913.
. Member banks of the New York
Clearing House association report sur
plus reserves Up $4,744,870 to $193,
M5.870. Loans and discounts ex
panded $26,037,000 to $3,112,711,000;
deposits Increased $42,596,000 to $3.
J64,041.000, and circulation diminished
$695,000.
The money market ruled easy last
week. Funds on call were nominally
2 per cent, ranging between that fig
ure and Host loans were made at
Time money was obtainable with
freedom, but Stock market perform- I
ances caused industrial collateral to '
be under close scrutiny. The rate was j
1 per cent with an additional '-4 to j
1V4 per cent where "all industrlnl"
collateral wai offered. Mercantile i
paper was In good demand but was
confined rather narrowly to names i
whose credit was unquestionable.
Rates were: 24 & 4 for CO to 90 days,
endorsed, and 3 84 for 4 to 6 months,
Flngie names.
a a
The federal reserve banks gained
$3,000,000 in total reserves and $2,700,
C00 in gold reserves, while deposits in
creased $13,300,000.
A net gain of $2,100,000 in earning
assets is shown over the preceding
week's figures, increasing the ratio of
these assets to paid in capital from
338 to 142 per tent. Holdings of com
mercial pape. have increased $'657,000.
The total amount of federal reserve
rotes outstanding Is $179,800,000.
against which arents hold $163,100,000
in sold, $16,700,000 In commercial
paper and $1-0.000 in lawful money.
The circulation of the banks Is given
as $1o6,6(i0.u00, t lie net liability on ac
count of which is $13,007,000.
Additional British credits and the
completion o7 the Italian loan so clar
ified the atmosphere of the foreign
exchange market that sterling and Hie
moved within relatively narrow limits,
exhibiting gratifying strength. AIho
some, $10,000,000 ln American secur
ities which arrived on board the Saint
Louis Imparted an additional rigidity
to Ivondon bills.
Demand sterling ranged between
4 61H on Monday to 4.65 on Satur
day. Francs, however, were weak,
cheques sagging toward the Septem
ber low- record of 6 to the dollar.
Scandinavian exchange, on the other
hand, develoied pronounced strength,
kroner cheques advancing sharply
from 26.20 to 26.90. Amsterdam, too,
continued jtioiig, with guilder checks
selling at 4..
tions .will bring them perforce to
church, and thus assist a waning re
ligious belief to reassert Its influence.
Sunday laws of all kinds are evident
ly an attempt to fasten upon a com
munity by punitive law, a. religious
system; 'and whether the system be
good, or medium, such an attempt is
both arrogant and contemptible, and
deserves to tail.
W. I'ARGO.
An Amphibious liattlefrrouiMl.
From the Christian Herald.
The northern part of Babylonia is
generally dry during the greater part
of the year. The lower part, near the
junction of the rivers, is generally a
great malarial swamp overgrown -with
reeds, ln the springtime one may sail
almost anywhere across the country
from the Tigris to the Kuphrates, anj
in the dry season great herds of cam
eL, buffaloes, donkeys, sheep and
goats grase over the same place. This
explains why the war reports describe
two battles between the British and
the Turkp, one a, naval battle, the
other a land battle, and both fought
in precisely the same place. One was
When the waters overflowed the val
ley; the other when the land was dry.
But even in the dryest of seasons there
are great marshes in lower Meso
potamia, and the British soldier who
spends a season anions them , wilt
probably burn and shiver the remain
der of his life sway with malaria. . ,
Tne0nce0ven
- BY -TKX.X LAMPMAN
YKSTERDAY I told
things for which
ful but of course I
them all.
aj For instance I'm
cause I was recently
vlc president Of the
a few of tha
I was tlmnk
couldn't tell
thankful - l.o
elertol tliirl
Portland rrcss
club.
' third
gel ling
:d.-nt
but of course
for doing it.
ihcy a l his. pi
1 And a l hi; .1 i. ..
press cluh- so ( n s
president-- of
I chii find out
liaMi t mi) thinn in
and Cum ,Sut Ih-i ImjkI i h
thinks I'll make a K'"d one
A nd the l insnti I
t he t .i
Konei i 1
third vice president
rule
is so harmless
US H
- IS t llH t l!C llH
-tit nnl r nnu E h a '. -
tllOlit "--
--to do a 1 1 V J i a ! 1 1 1 .
j And I MineM
t hat
lio.l-,
Stop Hie European vai
and nuiUe all the
kings third
vice presidents.
--and keep them that a
iJAlid lat night when I w.ts third
a h presldenting around
- up at the Prvss club -
I heard a stnry ahout lrorge
Sitiituin who getsall the tonnage
for the tlieat Northern.
--and keeps the road going.
- Hud keeps the stockholders frorn
worrying.
and e cry t li i uk.
And he went t" San Frftnrtsro--
- on the steamer Great Northern
- to koi; t tie fair.
And there was a storm -all ths
wuy down.
- and George was afraid of getting
sick.
f And someone told liim of n sure;
remedy or precaution or somothlng.
J Anyway - If you did It you
wouldn't.
U And CoMijo said lie d try it.
- and as h'ii us he got on fin
boat he picked out a big rocking
chair.
and pulled his eout collar up
- and his hut down---
and put liis chair crosswise of
the ship.
And every time one side cam
up lie rocked forward.
and when tho other side enrne
up he ri kud back.
1 Ami thus preserved an equilib
rium - or kept a horizontal
or something --
all the way.
And no "tic hhw him lesve the
chair.
And George kii s there's nothing
like a rocking chair
--when sailing '-sailing over the
bounding main -hut
LISTEN - - on the return
George sat In an easy clmli
Shasta Limited.
trip
on the
"Homely women," says the Candid
Or ouch of the Kansas City Tines,
"hare no right to t sentimental, sad
when they are, X hate 'am."
RUDYARD KIPLING
WRITES FOR
THE SUNDAY JOURNAL
Rudyard Kipling visited the
British "Grand Fleet" not long
ago, and his observations form
the basis, tor a series oi articles
on the British navy, the first of
which will be published in The
Sunday Journal November 28.
WHY SOLDIERS
DIE UNAFRAID
The futurists or realists in art
find in the rush and smash of
armed action the most thrilling
emotion in the world. An article
in The Sunday Journal Magazine
next Sunday is illustrated by a
reproduction of their pictorial
ideas in which one can sense
the desperate abandon that sends
men to death without a qualm.
IF A BODY
MEET A BODY
Thi is another Jack Lait story
that everyone will enjoy reading.
Lait's facile pen is producing a
line of matter that is fast gaining
wide popularity among the. read
ers of The Sunday Journal who
discern in these stories a new
note that is refreshing and a
realism that bespeaks an unfailing
power of observation.
NEWS OF THE
SCHOOLS
The Sunday Journal school
page is making more friends
every week. It aims to chronicle
what is going on ln Portland's
public schools. Personal mention
predominates and every effort Is
made to report the every day
events in this broad educational
field.
FEATURES FOR
MATRON AND MAID
Madame Qui Vive's dress sug
gestions are accepted as authori
tative by those who know what's
what in dress. Her style notes
Include a variety of subjects that
interest every woman.
Lillian Russell's Sunday chat
on personal efficiency hits home.
They are chock full of common
sense and appeal to all.
Dorothy Dolan's page for the
housewife in The Sunday Journal
magazine has suggestions a plenty
to make the daily housekeeping
routine the more pleasant.
THE SUNDAY JOURNAL
Complete in five news sections
magazine and comic section.. Firs
cents the copy everywhere.- ,
NEXT SUNDAY - j
Tht Biggett Five Cents'
Worth in Typ" ,