S1- H '-
4,
THE OREGON ' SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY L MORNING, NOVEMBER 21, 1915.
I.
..; '
THE JOURNAL
' - AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
0. M. JACKSON.. Pnbllb
1 . ' liiK)l1icd rverj dy, afiernoon and morning
' ' i (erept Sunday aiternuooj, at Tb Journal
' ' JlulWlnit, Uroadwa; and YamhUl iU., furt
' is- Umi. Or.
fcfittre.l at tbe potit office at Portland. 0r rot
tranamia)on through toe wails aa aecoad
'ClM matter.
TtCLKl'ilONES Mala 7178; Home. A -6001. All
departments reached bj these nambera. TaU
tbe operator what department fan want.
t jHEKi. AUVEHTI3IKO UEl'KESKNTATI VE
Benjamin A Kentnor Co.. Bronairick Bid.,
. IK. Fifth Ave., New Vork; Jti reopW.
utf Biflft-., cnicace.
. Sobedrlptlon terms by mall or to any ad
ore lo tba United UUtra or Mexico:
DAILY (MORNING OR AKTL-iNOON)
0l tent $3.00 On month .50
SUNDAY
Od year I2.&0 On. month f -23
DAILY (UOHMNO on ArTKUNOONV AND
M X DA Y
One year. . . . . . 7.b) I One mnnth I .5
America asks noth'njj for her
telf but what she lias right to
usk for humanity Itself.
WOODUOW WILSON'.
fV-iee rules the day, where
r i .--' i rules the mind. Col
lins. I!K OUGHT to dlny
GOV'KRNOIt WITHYCOMBE de
nies, 'l'hat is what they all do.
lie denies that he proposed
to, give the railroad its $2.50 an
acre and to give it in addition an
equal division of the surplusage
over $2.50 derived from sale of
the prant lands. He ought to deny.
Hut the. Oregonian said in its
report, of his proposal:
During the conference today, but
one definite plan for solving the
arrant iuestion was submitted. Thi:
was hy (invcrnor Withycombe. who
suggested In brief that the lands be
sold at their market value, and the
surplus above the. railroad's equity i
be divided between the stats and the
railroad.
In its report of Governor Withy-'
combe's proposal, the Telegram
ttaid :
That the railroad ho paid Its equity
of 12. .V) an ncrt, and that the, sur
plus derived from Hale of the land
and timber be divided between the
railroad company nnd the state on
a percentage basis to be determined
upon.
It is assumed that Governor
Withycombe 'will not deny the
statements of the Oregonian and
Telegram. Whereupon, the ques
tion' becomes, after paying th
railroad Its lawful $2.50 an acre,
why divide tip the surplus froru
, Kale of the land and timber with
the railroad on any basis?
Why make a gift of any part of
- 1 the surplus to tho railroad? Why
v C not give it lo the school children?
" Why not place It in the irreducible
; 4 school fund?
t The grant art set the limit of
j the right the railroad was to have
t in the lands at $150 per acre.
j Why give it more?
j The grant act has never been
amended. It stands just as ('on
. T press passed it. It ordained that
' 2 tho railroad should receive "not to
. i exceed $2.50 per acre." What right
' j: haa tlie governor of Oregon to or-
jh Uain that the railroad shall re
:eiyo to "exceed $2.50 per aero"
- hy giving the road the $2.50 per
acre and giving it in addition a
J; division of the surplus from sale
of the lands and the timber?
Governor Withycombe ought to
V deny. He ought to repudiate hi.;
?. "whole proposal. His denial is a
2 confession of rror and he should
V make a clean breast of it by kick-
iiiK his whole plan overboard, and
l coming out on the side of the peo
"j fie, where a governor belongs.
C'ongrcsu never intended for the
railroad to bo anything but a tru1
; tee. Tho road was to sell the lands
V as a means of forwarding settle
, me-nt, and was to receive "not to
Z" exceed $2. GO per acre" as compen
;' nation and as aid in constructing
J the road. It is barefaced humbug
; to claim anything else. 'To insist
that the railroad after selling large
' ttodies of the lands at prices as
high as $7.80 per acre, should be
given its equity and a part of the,
, Burplus from 6ale of the lr.nd anc1
, ,, tho timber, la downright treachery
' to the state.
, ';!, Governor WithjTorribe ought to
i deny. He ought to be one thing
( more than a railroad pawn.
i
A CONSTANT -DRAIN
HE deliberations of the Na
tional Conference on Market
ing and Land Credits, soon to
meet in Chicago, will he
much occupied with the subject of
!t-absentee landlordism. Many Amer
1 ' ' 'leana am in lha hoi. It r,f
j " ag. this evil with such places as
.:'V Ireland and Sicily, fancying that it
I v ; does not exist in the United States.
I 1- At any t rate they comfort them-5-selves
with the. belief that it is
'i not extensive and is probably dis-
" appearing. The disconcerting truth
i ''?lg- tfcat absentee landlordism 1?
I ' -.'V.v'jnore prevalent In the United
5 .States today than it Is in Ireland.
I - ' i ":Slr Horace Plunkett who is to
vv epeak at the conference will relate
Vlils experience In reforming the
! -;rIsh land situation. The- result
'-. of -his . work, -wltb that of others,
' ee-.y-J-..,v; i'.f i.,-.j'. iuV ,-.e i-r (,'y .' - vT,.
- , -' "I.;.-. ;.--,.. - .. , -'
" ' ' ' , . ' '."-'''"',;' . -
wa$ to . bring prosperity to a land
of want and misery. The problem
of absentee landlordism is prob
ably more difficult to solve here
than it was In Ireland because,
while Its evil effects are not et
quite so conspicuous. It permeates
more deeply into the life of th
nation. To understand this matter
clearly we must begin with the
remark that etreet and steam rail
roads, waterpowers, standing tim
ber and mines are really "land"
rnider any adequate modern defi
nition of that word. Most of thesr
resources and utilities, sm far as
Oregon is concerned, are owned by
abseuteo and whatever rent, prof
its and dividends thoy yield go to
other parts of the world. Oregon
thus undergoes an annual drain
Mmtlar to that which redm-ed Ire
land to misery, and the same may
be said of aJniost every state in
the union. The social effects of
this process can hardly fail to le
deplorable in tho long run.
TH K HKIl.Ki HOVCOTT
NION labor deserves a better
exemplification of its purpose
than is manifested in the
banner carried at the Heilig.
Organization of workers for de
fense of their wage and conditions
of their employment is essential to
their protection. Workers create
the wealth, and they are entitled
to a larger share of it than nicst
of them receive.
With such organization as there
is, millions of them struggle along
under the most trying conditions in
the effort to survive. It is a cause
of such moment to mankind and to
the worker's world that all its
activities should be guided by wise
counsel and sound judgment, to
the end that its purpose may not
be misrepresented or misunder
stood. The wiser minds in union labor
are not likely to vie with ap
proval the action at the Heilig.
The contest there is over whether
or not the Heilig should employ
an engineer. The theatre uses no
engine. It operates no heating ap
paratus. It gets its heat from a
company that is in the business of
supplying heat, a fact -that makes
the employment of an engineer
wholly unnecessary.
That is the issue. All that hai
to be done to heat the theatre Is
to turn a valve the same as Is
used in turning heat through
a
radiator.
The Theatrical Federation, which
is conducting the Heilig strike, in
sists that a licensed engineer
should be employed at full wage
to turn on heat in the morning
and turn it off again at night.
The theatre management contends
that it is not necessary to go to
the expense of employing a man
on full pay to perform this slight
service, and-on its refusal to do
so, tho strike is ordered and a boy
cott banner is regularly carried in
front of the playhouse.
The Theatrical Federation can
never convince the public that it
is just in its demands. It can
never make good in its claim that
the Heilig should employ an en
gineer w'hen it needs no engineer.
It is, indeed, using the labor or
ganization for an end that cannot
be justified, and in doing so it
gives the enemies of union labor
a club with which to belabor thi
cause of the workers.
More to the point, the theatrical
Federation, because it cannot com
pel the Heilig management to em
ploy this unnecessary engineer, i-;
carrying the banner about the
place in an effort to destroy the
theatre's business. What more un
fortunate step for the cause of la
bor than to go out to destroy a
business for such a reason!
What if the theatre manage
ment should conclude to destroy
the banners as fast as they appear?
it should not do so, but what if
it should? Is not the Theatrical
Federation trying to destroy the
business of the theatre?
AS TO THK Fl'TVHE
T
UK most telling argument for
the Wisconsin continuation
schools is their economy. This
is not apparent without some
thought but American citizens, who
have the responsibility of govern
ment upon their shoulders will
probably not refuse to use their
minds a little tipon a question of
vital importance.
The purpose of the continuation
schools is to rescue half grown
boys and girls from what are
known as "blind alley jobs." These
are, as one naturally infers from
the name, jobs which lead no
where. The pay they offer is just
enough to entice ambitious youths
out of the public schools, but It is
not enough to provide for marriage
and a family. So it follows pretty
clearly that a youth who drops
out of school into one of these
blind alley jobs is lost to society
as a parent and as a productive fac
tor. He spins round in his tracks
-until finally and necessarily he be
comes a. burden upon the public.
The purpose of the continuation
Bchool, afe repeat, is to prevent this
disaster to the Individual and to
the taxpayers. To the youth who
has left school and taken a job It
Rives such instruction as will fit
him to become a productive wage
earner. He Is requlredto attend
the continuation school half a day
once a week, or such a matter, and
thus gradually acquires skill and
technical knowledge that give him
a fair chance in the world, and
make him self-supporting. not
merely for a few years but for his
whole life.
Wisconsin expects an attendance
of some 25,000 in her continuation
schools this winter. Germany long
since made them an integral part
of her incomparable educational
system and they have been one of
the main factors contributing to.
her military and industrial effic:
lency.
-
OK MINIMIS
I
T is likely enough that tha
grand total of misery wnieii
the flea and the mosquito iu-
fllr-t m.-n minlinH rtntrlnr: th.'i
iM.v,,. iiiouni.i.. v...
trouble we owe to lawyers and pol-
iticlans. The bic thinz3 usurp tho
imagination but it is the nttio ones
that make life a joy or a torment.
We passionately contend to elect
our chosen candidate for president
of the United States but when he
is safely in office what does it
matter to our personal welfare?
" What's Hecuba to him or f to
Hecuba?" The flavor of the muh
served at breakfast is of more iin-
mediate import
Mrs. Jellyby
-'
immensely interested
in the wet-
fare of the blacks in Borioboola ;
Gha while her own house went to
the dogs and her daughter dragged
out a miserable and forsaken lif
Paul wrote Timothy, among otlu-ri
pieces of wisdom, that a man. who
failed to provide for his own house j
was worse than an infidel ad'the,
odds are heavy that when he wrote j
"house" the great apostle meant j
"body" as well. i
We all know perfectly well the i
Kind Ol man rain naa in miiui. ii.;iowns, cue ueieiuincui 1 "
was the shiftless ccamp who will and the social life of the people,
not mend his leaky roof in dry ; They were natural highways open
weather because there is no need . to all and they offered a ready
of It. nor in wet because it rains I means of reaching interior point?
too hard. There are farmers in ! which otherwise would have been
Oregon who play in this class. We inaccessible. Pavers helped to le -
refer to those who always Hnd it; velop civilization by facilitating
too dry to plow in September and : communication between separated
. . .. . . ..
UjO rainy in Ufiouer UIIU who
the barn when the
threatens to bury it.
manure pile
Our bodies are houses In a man-;
ner of speaking. Peter told his Tel-(
low saints that he miut shortly "ni!c ;
off this tabernacle," meaning his1
thin hnnsalow wall of flesh and
bones. We habitually speak of th
body as a tenement which we rent '
from late on a more or less pre-
carious lease and stand likely to '
1. oitnH frnm nt or,.- moment
X . , V: . i
But the tenement, frail as it 'S.
should be kept in repair and if :
" , a
iare up mc uui.r. i.. .1, ;,i,0ut them-and separates ttiem irom nrst time wnai taienis, wnat possi- 1 abundance but when the whole thing
Close Of our tenancy, we find "the the f sea cast and the great navi- bilities of individual usefulness, lie j was sifted down, the explanation ap
chimney tumbling down and the ; eah!l' rivers. I latent among our c olored fellow-citl- reared to resolve itself into tliree
walls caving in while the roof Ms; It is also pointed out in history ! zens anfl others found .n h)s ..T-p parts. First, that any private soldier
in the sunshine and the rain." that the -largest ports have been, ; From slavery" a real tract for de-1 moft refpe
the old song mournfully say;:, ' r.ct at the mouth of navigable. mocracy and for the brotherhood of ( let into a dura-dura in three minutes
whose fault is it? rivers, but as far inland as vessels rnan A P0Uthern rrofessor nearly ! r Iess- simply by ripping oren the
The diseases which besiege us employed can go. The reason for ' ,OBt nis position for say)nK that two j cketing. or "gf aeoup
seldom make their first attack ' this is quaintly expressed by an . 0Olorod men, Washington and DuBois, I of niCkp above the collar,
with much pomp nnd parade. Their English writer in 1 675. He says: j Jiad wrjtten the two greatest books) Second, that any pencil-shaped bnl
sapplng and mining begins almost; There is more advantage to those ; that have come out of the south j let which happened to ricochet from
imperceptibly. The doctors have :
an epithet tor these incipient
troubles.
"Minor diseases" they i
call the petty pains, aches and (lis-
comforts which arise from minute '
., ..... ... ,
ulcers on the face, stiff joints and
a stomach whose daily task wearier. ,
it.
The teeth vield to the insid-
ious besieger as , soon as any part
of the body. He ..turns them iu'o
manufactories of subtle venom
whic h pervades the whole synts ri
and saps its strength. Death hes
itates to make an
open assault
until he has prepared the way by ,
fomenting internal treason.
Th-
, , j -r-. t i i . a
ce ebrated Dr. Lon.i. who invented .
scientific Chiropody, says that DO ,
school children out of every bup-
,i i u ,.r...i ti.n fnt Tl. , - -
men uae u;in mo nxi. i iirn
toes are deformed, their ankle
hoe l.oon li 5j 1 f ilptrnieil
by high-heeled shoes.
Corns and
bunions inhabit the soles thereof,
"Mark the perfect man." sav3'sea. bucn is the situation of Port-
the Psalmist, "and behold the u,, I land, whose natural growth is be -
i riht, for the end of that man i-
I ....... . . . . .
! ' .
.oeo '- .o it ig nqiti tn n inv ii . ,i i
ior a periec i man is uaiti 10 mi.i.
Physically perfect, we mean oi tcrests.
course. The spiritually excelled . Another lesson drawn from hls
are common enough. .And the end ; tory is that the decline in inland
of the physically imperfect is not
peace but rheumatism, indices-
tion and cancer. What will our
jingoes do with all these wrecks
when they are sending us off to
the wars? Can we ever become a
strong military power with a popu -
lati5n wrapped up in contenipla-
tion of the multitudinous miseries;
f thotr hndiPs? When Ihev should i
be firing their guns they will be
rubbing their dyspeptic stomachs. It is very obvious thatf before an ! ca,lonai iea"rr w" aoes not cn,pr
Our bodies are wrecked long be-; open river can have its fruition It mlse on some q""tion'' and ln 01,5
ro dmo obnnlrl ennniior thom ho. ' must b simnloinentorl hv mods, peculiarly trying position, where a
cause we do not resist the first in -
roads of disease, the little alarms
and incursions that by and by de -
roads of disease, tne utile alarms
- . ,,
velop into a vast invasion and lavi
waste the entire land. The mice
gnaw unheeded at the foundations
until on a day when we think not,
the whoie house corbies tumbling
down. The medical inspection of '
schoolchildren is one of the most!
efficient defenses against prema -
ture decay and death we have ever
devised. It is a good beginning
but it will never by itself provide
ii 'r.T-Q.,ordr.oc!o" whtoh xe
need for our physical safety and
efficiency. It must be supple-
contort l,v medienl lnuMinn ,.f
adults. A society which desires to
be prepared for self defense can
hardly escape the nec essity of at-
tending to its health and health s
. . .... .
out aeienaea on the frontier by
resiatiner minor iliRPasou "
HUMOR AN'I) LAW
ARRY YANKWICH'S "Funda-
mentals of Business Law " ao
complishes the difficult feat
of making the law interest-
H
ing while it is, exactly stated. The
cook is lntenaea, as the author
says, "to popularize the law" and
one would expect it to effect some
thing of the sort If wit, wisdom
and legal . lore- can do It. Some
i of the chapters are as racy as
- Mark Twain and at the same time
, as sound as Coke himself. Here Is
a sentence from the chapter on
, Principal and Agent, a subject a3
dry as a bone In most law books.
I "The agent does the BhOOtinc, tho '
'Loss gets the game." That ap-
pears to be the whole truth in a
nutshell.
Meddling between principal and
agent) jf we may believe Mr. Yank-
wioht ,a as hazardous as meddling
i,etween husband and wife. "Leave
. i , i i
lIle otner ienow s norse aione to
y.js load," our author counsels, or
olcQ ..' .,. of ui, Vorl " Tho
nook Ks flin of thfa jlonicly wisdom.
It is recommended b; most of our
legal lights, both lawyers au.l
iu'diies. Mr. Yankwich has done i
i-ooil- piece Of work and no doubt
the public will appreciate it.
Freight Agent Mulchay does not '
agree with Colonel Wood and oth-
t.rs VVUo argue that cost of service
is the true base for "freight rates,
u0 contends that operating cost is
one 0f the least considered factors, j
jn other words that rates should .
i)e based on all the traffic will
bear.
ItlVKKS ANI ItOADS
X THE rarly days of our history J
navigable rivers exercised aj
most Important if not a 'para-,
mount influence on the settle-
ment of tribes, tho location
Qt :
. .1 ...... ... T tpqa ;
niu-.cummuuuies. '
in his "Wealth of Nations,'
Adam Smith compares the cost of .
I - ...w.. 1 - -
sending goods by road from Lon-j
don to Edinburgh with that of fcr- ,
warding them by sea and adds: ;
Since such are the advantages o' ;
wa c'"r arrlag.
. ... ......l..rv . , c t'Ottlvi TOUT T II t
first improvements of ai t and in- i
rbistiv should tc made where that
c-onvenieti'-y c p.-ns the whole world ;
lor a marK.t io me piouuce ol ruu
sen of l0mVlaVt'leKi?"l,.e
... . I .
in oi-o ii t . r in crciiii!ii Liieini'i.--
ln'o t'-c Hilanu pans oi ine .mn.
The Udnnd parts f toe country can,
i"r h ion, nn.e. n.m m. n.-
Kl.'l il'i I II (' Il-.lll i'U i
round
hnt "1,..., ius rouna
Pla winch bemg seat, -d witnin
the land do enjov the benefit of com
merce by the sea, by some navigable
river than to those port towns which
are seated In some creek or bay only.
'or u"n l)1;l.CPS though the sea brings ,
;n commodities to them, yet they can
,,dt, without great charge convey
those commodities higher up into the j
bind. nor. without the like charge.
rei.-.'ive the inland commodities to ex-j
port again, whereas cities seated upon
n iviga'de viv-rs far within the land
i oh ute smile excnaiit.e ui na
ture's designing, where the native,
and the foreigner may immediately
meet nn.l Tint off tn eaih other th.
particular commodities of the growth
of their own countries, the native, as
merchant. receiving the foreign
gooi's at first hand and exchanging
ow for them at the very plac
ihi.tc they are made or grow, or at
n'"st coin
no further to it than to
-d
ulinatv market.
' Thus it is shown that the ideal
river rteirts: n ro llmse th:it ara ciin.
ated a good distance inland and
i have unrestricted navigation to the
ing retarded by indifference to the!"" c A "K""" J,m
. 1 ........... . . . r . : . 1 .
.iu i u id t;es ui iiHciiiuii iinri nv aril
' fietoi i,,rrlrS c-t ,. i. icvi. i
iivh.i .,....,.0 . 1 uj. uj ocmou iu- j
waterway transportation was due
in a great measure to the failure
to develop supplementary highway;
transportation. The making of1
' roads vvas neglected and the cost :
of carrying products to and from
j river and c anal hastened the de- !
, velopnient of the railroad which.
at first acted as a feeder-to water!
transportation, takinsr the nlaco nf I
t the highway.
: leading from dock to producing
centers, roads whic
. all the year around
. t a
centers, roaas wnicn can be used,
The carrying of products to the
shipping point is as much a factor
. in distribution as Is the carrying
from shipping point to consumer.
People are quick to realize that a
reduction in height 'rates should
mean a reduction in the. cost of a
, commodity but are slower to take
into consideration that the cost of
hauling a product to the point of
shipping is also a factor in tho
met nf. llvin-
According "to statistics compiled
1 by the government the cost of
t ra nsnort a t ion on wne-r,n rr,artn to
shipping points is approximately
-Ucents per ton mile. ;The aver-
age haul, which is nine miles, adds
1.X9 per ton to the cost of a
, ,n , .
product. inrougn improved high-
1 ffsvs this can he rarlienllv roilncBii
I - "j
"American railroads are con-
fronted with the most serious car
, shortages of recent years," ia the
; report frora Chicago. It means that
i people who want to get aboard the
I prosperity trains must buV their
j tickets early.
Governor Withycombe says he
did not mean a fifty-fifty cnt with
the railroads, but he would be gen
BOOKER T.
WASHINGTON
(From New York Keening 1'eM.)
N Booker Washington the country
I Ioseti not only a Ieader' hu on0
who was in his person a real trl
I umph of democracy. Born a tdave, ii
' the aftermath of the war he even
Klopt under tne wooden pavements of
Klchmond- a wa,r and 8tray- kepPi"
l,ody and fOUl together as best he ;
pniilit hut hnrnlntr with the thirst!
" (
for education and the desire to net j
ahead in the world. A colored friend
or ,,r- "asnmgtons,
Richard Ft. j
! wnen aiH0 a raKKea urcmn.
' answered, in reconstruction days, a
; .northern general who asked what
! message he should take back to the
i noth. wlth tne words: "Ten 'em wo'm
j a-risin', master." Both these boys d'.i
rise to the headship of great educa
tionai institutions; but Dr. Washing
ton had the gift of oratory in add! j
tipn to pluck, ambition, and an in-
nate talent for leadership, and so he
forged along until by a single speech
in Georgia he achieved national re
nown. It was Oencral Armstrong, if
we recall rightly, who said that if
Hampton bad done nothing else but
graduate Booker Washington, it
would have justified its existence and
ali tne iaoor and money spent upon it.
, ,
,f t,ierp wag any se(.rct of his sui
n-iri,nmin. th terrihi nhSt.
" " ' - " ' " "
ties vviuiii tuiHiinu ci nidii ut
i color, it lay surely in his unfailing
i r,tirnisrni )iig dog.Re(1 determination
, f pt no obgtacle daunt hinii and to
j be himse,f al,ove ,nsult or ,ulrnilia.
j tjon He wag bjg cnoURh t0 see early
j )n life that the man wh flouta an
.ot,lrr because of some difference !r.
, natural attriljuteSi injures h,mse.f.
j and not thp objf(,t of hjg venom No
disannoinf ment could diseOuraee. him:
1 if one benefactor
dropped
out he
foun(1 anoth
luumi uiiumilt ioi uie pitice, 11 ins
.... r .1.. i . 10 . ( n
aiIfiem.PS were small and tllt, returns
disappointing, why there were other
audiences to be found. And so he
speedily typified in his person all the
" '
gee and a host of other schools wera
doing for his race, and proved beyonl
.dispute how that work of bringing
light to those that would otherwise
Jt..
a m. uauc cai ,.o v.,. ...u
idends not only for the blacks but for
u,p entire republic. Thus thousands
-ho '-eard him speak realized for the
T.
slnce tne civil war, but the inac
if his statement has yet to
be proved
ttv innm moving boman
documents are not often the product
of travail and .suffering.
And so It came about that Booker
x asnington grauuany r.eeame. tne
foremost Interpreter of one raoe to
other particularly in the south,
When the final verdict is passed upon ' books. Seme one must lay the foun
liis achievements, this may well prove ! datlons, and in preaching industry,
to be his greatest claim to renown, thrift, the acquisition of property,
Certainly of late years the trips he correctness df life and bearing, and
has taken into the various sout hern sticking to the farm. Dr. Washington
i states, when thousands of both races
; pat,rod to hear hnn wherever he
, .
' m". o.nc -e.-o Ui ine nuiion
value. No one is quite so ignorant
ior negro aspirations and achievements
. as
the southerner of Jhe a-ras;
l" l"wn- w"""e ,,or,zon ls "ni""
ny tne negroes he sees upon the street
! " '
! brousht n,MK,Be thnt "ponrd "iany
ne was extremely dipiomati.-; yet ho
'didnot lack courage, for ho was never
swerved ry the threatening letters
1 tliat often rained upon him. He would
not take a guard, and unattended h -
would go by corners at which be bail
been told he wouM be shot like
dog if he dared appear. And, withal, ' great negro contributions to our ht
bis modest bearing, together with his ' crature, our science, our drama, our
great devotion to his cause, Hon hini
friends wherever be went. Here in
the north the doors of many a homa
swung open to him.
Tet ,,e was "ot tl,e standard bearer
of an united race. It is a rare edu-
single faIsc step misbt mean the
rn 1 ti 1 n fir 1 1 1 e wrv if r vr t i-i a Km rn
" " l"D
ing of his school Dr. Washington did
... ...
00t sp"aK out on tne tnmers which the ' SSfer. le 1 the writer 0.. not de.ire to bar.
; intellectual nien of the rac deemeljthe name pubiubed. be .uouid m tt..)
of far greater moment than bricks
ana mori8r' 'n"lls"-'' education, or
nusincss leagues tne matter of their
social and, political liberties.
1 1 v. .,
J 1 r wo
silent by choice in the face of many
: a cr'ine wron and bitter Injustice
and more and. more colored men came'
to resent it. They would not have!
objected had he. 'ike other heads of !
1 schools, kept out of polities and as
' sumed no that of
, the field of industrial training. But
when they saw hfm. under Taft and
RooRevelt' a powprful PoHtlcal" factor
j in ,h vlllt House, when they saw
h,Tn in the attitu" of a leader
. ,ore,vcr dwe,,ns "pfcon thc-brisht Mid"
hr tha nl.-tiirA uni hnvlHi. nA umt-.l ..
.. " "w
I ery
indignation for Injustices that
cry out to high heaven for redress,
the unhappiness grew until men
openly accused him of selling their
birthright for a mess of pottage.
However- he may have erred, thc
sum total of the good he did far out-
weighs the rest. One has only to try
h. .t,tio o. ..,.,
have been li the south today without
him, to realize how much be achieved.
True, .he preached the srospel the
south wished to hear, because it sug-
THANKSGIVING'
By Charlotte
rHEN from our much
To help another,
Who has not felt
If he returned no hint of
Or it may be that for some gracious deed
One rours his thanks out like the summer rain,
Yet, heedless, soon will give that heart a pain
Which hath devised his pleasure, filled his need.
Though finite minds cannot divine thy r'an
Almighty Father of this great, wide earth.
With thee, we know all blessings have their birth;
Dost thou not feel the thankfulness of man?
While prayers and glorias throng toward the skies
From myriad tongues, on such a day as this.
Still are we ingrates, worshipping amiss,
If the year's life such homage falsifies.
Thanksgiving praises! ring your Godward way
- For every earthly, every heavenly good;
Wheiever grpws the grace of gratitude;
Ye are the blossoms of a harvest day.
SURGERY
By Woods Hutchinson, A. M. Md.
This war has been as barren of
anything new and interesting in sur
gery as in everything else. Kimp'y
j a dreary waste of mud and blood an 1
slaughter. Man has reverted three
quarters of a million years at ono
sweep, back to the blood sucking, bur
rowing vermin, haJf ferret, half hedge
hog, from which he originally sprung
There once was a thing called war,
certain selected parts of which could
be spoken of without disgust and hor
ror, but now men burrow down Into
boles in the ground to fight and are
blown out again by high explosives,
so that their fragments are scattered
all over the surrounding landscape.
When the Great Insanity first broke
out we fatuously congratulated our
selves that this was gctng to be a hu
mane war, so far as wounds anil their
handling was concerned. ' The modern,
small calibre, high velocity bullet was
the most humane and srentle killer ever
invented, (pe burbled. The wounds
drilled by it were as small and clean
as gimlet holes; the heat generated
in the rifle barrel had made It abso
lutely sterile, and the tissues on each
seared, so that almost no hemorrhage
followed iinless a large artery was
pierced.
a
But the first couple of dozen bulle
tins from the front scattered this rosv
vision into smithereens. First, cam?
' if"d and bitter complaints from both
i .. . .. ..i..
sides tnat tne omer sine was mo
lrainK thc rules Gf war and using dum-
tlum bullets, making tunnels the sire
: of a stovepipe through the body, ni
stead of clean-drilled auger holes.
I The tunnels were there in painful
' ' J, anv other obstacle In its flight.
would either become bent into a cre
I cent or turned sideways ano sirino
broadside on. making the unfortunate
gested menial labor, but U was a
great thing to those who knew the
attitude of the south toward any ed-
ucauon ior ine nesiu m .nn-.n .......
, and post-bellum days to win it for
any form of training that involved
! preached the doctrine most needed by
i the bulk of the colored people; for it
!. ... , , .,
i
. is upon umi iuuhuoh v. .v, -
and good citizenship that the super
' structure must be built without which
the negro can not come into his own.
Vlwr ,eMe" '
j higher ideals and nigner amn ioams
which the evolution must be certain
if our American democracy is to be a
true democracy, and more and mori
such leaders will arise. But In this
I hour of a great loss to botn races :t
I is to be hoped that rr. Washington's
death will recall to the nation's at-
I tention, as did his life, that there are
' great talents to be found among the
negroes, as
there are certain to be
music, our arts, if only we can bring
ourselves to strike from the limbs of
Lincoln's frcedmen the shackles of
ignorance, oppression, prejudice and
injustice with which the race that
vaunts itself superior slill fetters
them.
Letters From the People
j (Conimonication sent to The Journal for
nnhteaf rin 111 1 11 11 nriwi 1 uicu l suvu iu irm .
I . on", oni side of the ppr. bmid not
j rtd 300 wortta in length and mdt b e-
' v. - ih. nam Mnd aildrffHS of tb
DiseasBlon 1b tbe greatfit of ell refnrroen.
n .. SitS
m their i-ajDbleDs. If they have uo
' reaoiiauine. :i rui iiirij i n, ....u
, , .. . 1 ui, ,ln 1 1 . own conclualuiia
' la tbeir tend." Woudrow Wileoa.
On ltritiah Itlnncleriiur.
Vancouver, Wash., Nov. IS. To the
Editor of Tn Journal An altercation
lis being conducted through, the columns
! of The Journal, and to which i regr.-
being a party. A certain regiment
was mentioned The statement
n ,rlls'(., H was
j Iamillar with the record of many of the
; of fk-rrs of this regiment Judge of
i STltTd ". I st' undeand
...
tne secretary of war and his narr
The -tatement was made that it
would be conducive to the lwst interest
of tl'.e Canadian people to change their
government from Its present form to
that of a republic. This I did not con-t-adict.
1 merely asked for the speel
lic reasons warranting such assertion.
So far my request remains unanswered.
Being an American. I am not pattl
cularly interested In this Kuropean
struggle. Berne; an old soldier. I -,m
Particularly Interested In the f.ghtlii
man.
The blunderings of British and Ger
man alike fail to interest me.. One
thins; in connection with England's
blundering, when one takes a broad
view of it- is difficult to reconcile. She
Fiske Bates
or little we have sought
or to give him joy.
a shadow of annoy
valuing thought?
IN THE WAR
"target" look as If be had been bit
by a flying stove lid. or the bladn
of a broken propeller.
Third, that if the flying deatli hap -
pened to ftrilce or even scrape a pone.
or a tough tendon, or sometimes, for
r,o reason whatever except Its own
sweet will, it would either mushroom
in the n.ost approved and horrible
stvb-. or "jellify" everything within'
half a yard of it. including lungs, i
liver, kidney, heart, or brains, if they!
happened to lie within that radius. So
that the boasted "humanity" of the
modern high-speed bullet was not
what bad been claimed, though a con
siderable proportion of its wounds
were clean, bloodless, and astonishing
ly uuick healing.
But the moment that the open air
and daylight fighting stopped and the
murdering- underground in the dark lie -gan.
at. other sinister Influence came
into phiy, which changed the face of
the game entirely, and swept hnlf our j
notions of modern military surgery I
onto the scrap heap. This was the
honible preponderance of wounds i
made by shell, shrapnel and other ar
tillery high explosives, over nil other
sorts of injuries. I
a a
for just plain dirty wounds which j
iTil(
ivfip loo I, ijf or the tissues about them
too badly shattered to close. It was:''"' llls
found that a special hot water irriga
tion dressing worked admirably, while
for others exposure to direct sunlight
for several hours each day was the
best run .
So that modern surgery is now
eouipped to deal with even the wots
atrocities of this devil's brew call?.'!
modern war, providing tnat there is
enough patient left to keep the wounds
together until they can be made to
e0f those who are left sufficiently in
, . . . ..fci,i ..em l n . i .1
"ii" .ii-r in i..r vitiiieu no ine i iriu
at all, only three per cent die, 7 out ;
of every 100 recover. Of those who ,
are whole enough to reach the base t
hospitals. 1 J per cent recover, while I
there are Kngilsh and French home '
hospitals which have a record of thou
sands of wounded with a loss of only
about fou to the thousand. j
Surgery is" doing its best to save man '
from its own blood-madness, but it Is ,
t iii n mpiancnoiy sorr or prino Whic.
It can take in its achievement.
has always blundered In time of war.
She haa always blundered In time of
peace. We arc assured, and are sure.
that she is blundering today. And
ini, s i wine, ner i iag is noating ,
ever appioximately 12.000,000 square j
mibs of territory and her subjects i
number 4n,ooo,o00. Her flag today!
can nc seen on tne seven seas. Today
sho "has 4. 000. 000 men under arms, and
all volunteers. Her statesmen assert
that during the coming 12 months :!. -
000. 000 more men can be reerulted
without having to resott to conscrip
tion. To an outside and disinterested spec
tator, this looks like a good shoniiift,
even though It be the result of chronic
blundering.
Nothing but time will decide the re
sults of tier blundering iu tills crisis.
It may weaken her materially. It may
augment her power greatly. Hut of
one thing we are sure, she will con
tinue blundti lng.
J. HAROLD.
A Job Hunter li'oop!s n Plan.
Portland, Or., Nov. IU. Tn the Keil
lor of The Journal A gnat deal is
aid about free employment In the city.
The charity people of Portland have a
system of their own and it in some
thing I am not familiar with, but 1
will make a suggestion. Let the city
council r- voke the licenses of the em
ployment agents, and stop this graft
by establishing tt blackboard in the
men's results that are self-sustaining,
charitable institutions. Here Is wher-
It would benefit the laborer: "Wanted
16 laborers at ? per day." "Here I
the applicant. Where In the .lob?'
Two dollars for fee. Ture" "I
have fl.5.i every cent I have." "Well,
get oof. I am not working for nothing."
The point Is this -the sub-foreman
rets .r0 per cent; this I know to be
tine, for I have been offered the same
proposition. I have known as high a
Jin to be demanded for one Job.
The plan I propose would bring th".
men In touch with the free bureau of
labor and stop the demands of the em-
ployment agents, who will take the las,
cent from the laborer to secure him a
job, and temporary at that. It would
be something that the laboring class
would appreciate, and sav the bloo.l
money that Is now demanded. Fix the
penalty for soliciting money for the
Irboi. make it a a severe as can he
made, say from one to five years as
the cast may be. The legislature passed
one of the best laws, protecting the
sailor, that was ever enacted In hit-
behalf, -by abolishing blood money
among, the shipping masters. Why not
the cit authorities give the poor, needy
laborer the benefit of the blood money?
Ill my estimation this would be the
greatest help to the unemployed, with
out extending charity.
A JOB IH'NTER.
Defends Canadian.
rortlan.I. Nov. 1 To tbe Kdltor of
The Journal.--In reply to Klla M. Fin-nc-j
and O. K. Frank I wish to state
that at, least ST. per cent of the Cana
dians who have gone to the front arts
Knglish thnt Is, British, meaning Eng
lish. Scotch ami Irihh. Therefore their
whole argument is groundless and their
only wish is to down the British. But
they cannot do it, because everything
t.iey have shM in favor of the Cana
dians is said of the British, because
they ure the same. The same may be
said !n regard to the forefathers, who
beat the British, In the revolution. Out
of the Canadians who have fought In
th" present war nearly 95 per cent have
emigrated from tbe British Is Lea with
in the past 8 or 10 years. I would ad.
vise both of the above parties to tain
more knowledge Of tbe things upon
which they write. W. C.
Tonce Qveri
OF COCnSK cverynnn will lo,.v
how it's conilnK out mid tl.li
kollum has the lonely dlKtlnUn ,,i
ntvrt bavins printed out- of th.s
' stories.
j 5T But this one really happened
right out at Mllwaukle.
11 It was in the primary loom.
and the sweet young teacher -i
was telling the enchanting Mniv-uf
the little Hiawatha.
and how he grew t " be a man -
and a horn.
f 'And Hiawatha" t-h-- .iici ' m,..i
n deer at the ford."
and then tdm stnpp.-.; ;,nd wan!.-d
to know If uii.Nonc , . . 1 1 , l (ell hei -
what a ford
Ami five oi sis hand- went up.
and before ,.:m- could ifk- anyoff
to answer
a small boy
V "I know u-a. lot its a lull, a u
toinobi lc !"
C And I km u .iiioIIht M. : kI.hi
two little bc s oanieil Mi Ka .'r
McKyc-or s din.; like that.
f Atiywav --they pionoun, ,- It tho
last way.
and Mrs "(lene lloiton whn told
me about t li in didn't Know how :i
i spell It.
but anywav tli,'i.
I hers out at Likr I
jgon City line.
i. i a hi.
n tin
rs of
i ire-
and their nanus
. k.
tie Frank
ml
li Ami tb.- oilier day-- their motln-r
heard t'o m talking about money.
1!An,i '''" nk said
1 wonder what
it V-
f And Jmk said
ktlew.
-and Frank said "Well thru If
you know ail aboil it why don't vol
tell jne?"
f And Jack said "All right -- -j
see It's this wn -
"Money is what papa puts In tin
bank.
"and thin niatuina takes it out."
J l.a st Sunday 1 told h stoiy
about Wrtltei - nine .years "Id.
who thought he saw a duke
down town.
And he re's nnoth. r one about
Walter.
I And bis father told II to me
the same hs he ill. I the one last
Sunday.
f And Wallet went lo tin Baker
- to see 'Tolly of the Ciicim."
C And Jie liked It.
-the spatiKl'S - ami the tight"!
and the su w d ust a 1 d everything.
C And after lie gut home he w.ia
telling his grandma about It.
f. "And grandma" - he sn id - "t here
as a pretty lady and sin- had a I d
t, ,,, ami -
j .-Us i'K.N-grandma -she had on
,,,,e ,,s',t.':ht fUU,lf l"u1''' W''H' OU
(MT saw.
Who's at War With Whom?
I rem l'lilliulilitila hv.-ulng tlulli tln.
RI.TAIN
ANCE
CE
35IA
AOSTftJA
GIUM
BULGARIA'
SERBIA
TURKEY
'ARAN
ITALY
MONTENEGRO
"But this ina not be ilKht," cau
tions the Bulletin, "bv the time It
leacheB thy dinner table."
( Tm 01d chapi But Arn't Tou Af rairt, '
Don't Ton Knew, That Hia Maj
ty Wouldn't Come?
C C. It., whose "Af terl houghts" In
'tbe1 letroit News a'e better thin
' lofU l,e tot eiuoiigin s hum in.fiiit
' ,,",M- Prcnetits the following, tip lor
' the I'ommittee on Add.-I AUraetions
of the Pendleton Ibnuul -1 p.
EXTRA.
CRKAT AI)Hi:i FKATI'RK
On Sat urda J Afternoon
t .1 oVIm k
HIS MAJKSTY. KIM! (iKoRUt; V
Will Tl to Hide a I lorse.
tiik ;i:mal ;iton h.
"An earthquake, " eaya the Oenlal
Orouch of the ComUla Oaitte
Tlmee; "is about the only thing- left
that can shock San Francisco."
I'ncle Jeff Snow-Say:
"I see (Juv'ner Withycombe recom
mends encoti runl u' cHidtal to come t'l
Oregon. Tbia I" goo, ,jotrlne. If be
will back it up by suggestm' how.
Pennsylvania encourages capital by not
taxing- any kind of machinery Porno
millionaires barely know enough t'
feed themselves and some very amart
I fellers are inontly broke
However.
Lawrence died and left u
W.
will.
N
The will provided that $300 should
be spent for a monument over his
own grave.
a
It further provided that his widow
should be given $1.
Just as soon as some newspaper
starts a Meanest Man contest, this
kollum wnnta, to bo provided with an
entry blank,
Wo make this announcement early,
! So that the contest won't be
crowded with cheap competitors,
j
Like fathers who r"b their baby's
' bank to buy beer,
j
j Or men who save the tin tips from
shoestrings to sell for Junk,
j
i All such Inferior pikers may as
i well ke?ep Out.
Mr. Jawrrnce is our candidate.
INDEX OF ADVANCING
TIDE OF PROSPERITY
New York A. W. Thompson.
operating vice president of the. J
jianimore unci onio luniruuq com
pany, who has Just made an In
speetlon over the system, says the
Baltimore and Ohio Is now hand
ling thp greatest volume of busi
ness in Its history, and at the.
lowest cost. Tbe outlook for thc I
road, he declared, is the brightest
yet known. With tbe Increase In
business offering, the situation
has reciulred careful watchtne; to
prevent a shortage of cara, but
this has been circumvented by
special methods for. obtaining
maximum service out of every car
owned. ..'.',..' ,v
KMANYtjt-HU
L
r
t I -.
cv
.