THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. . FRIDAY, JUNE 25, 1915.
ri Vr- i i" I r-i rvTA 1
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-a
Nothing can work me dam
age but myself; the harm that'
I sustain I carry about with
tne,and I am ever a real suf
ferer .. by my ' own fault. Si.
Barnard.
3
AST ENGINEER'S ERROR
1
N THE proposal on which the
contractor bid on the new steel
bridge in Linn county, over the?
Santiam river, near . JLebanon,
: occurs this clause: ' - '
Proposal No. 2. The turn of ..... .
k.: dollars per cubic r yard for concrete.
Including excavation In piers, which
pries ia to be deducted if quantities
' of concrete Bhown on plans are dimin-
Ished. apd added, to U quantities
'-'ihowo are increased.
A hasty glance at this clause
would Indicate "nothing but a fair
'j -proposition. However', this permits
iof placing in- the bid something
-1, that' does riot figure In 'the award
ing pt the contract, directly. In
other words, a contractor can put
. In an extremely unbalanced bid.
? ''V'ha . tm nrnnnfifil Arfnllae" fnr the
.i furnishing of all material and labor
? required for the construction of
, superstructure and piers complete,
lump sum. This second clause calls
ifor something that is not added
in' to the bid.- The low bidder on
the first proposal may have a de-
r1rlaAlv iirhnlonpB;- hM nn th RfC-
nd proposal, yet receive the job.
j This clause permits an engineer,
swere be of that mind, to permit a
certain contractor to obtain the
Job, by showing a great deal less
oria great deal more concrete than
Is needed below the ground-
The only . f al r way is to call for ,
bids per cubic" yard , of - concrete .la
,the piers, above and :- below the
ground line, dividing the . concrete j
below the ground line in sections
of about f lve f eet; or' less and call-'
Ing for bids'per cubic yard on each
section. Ia this way the figure
that .the " contractor bids on' the
concrete, tis actually figured in, "in
"considering ; who is awarded the
contract, and not, left out: as in the
case - of ; the proposals which are
' used 'in the Linn county bridge.
; . '.This- proposal ; No. -; 2 and No. 1
i are the very, clauses .that the bridge
1 companies desire - in : Spedflca
! ttnnn '- TTipv. desire ' thfim because
; they permit of "putting -In unbal-
anced bids and 'make it possible to
s introduce crookedness . In bridge
i conttacts..ii.cv".;, J;' ''s. :v. ,
The Sandy river bridge of ilult
. nomah county, the interstate bridge
and most of the bridges built where
' responsible consulting engineers
t are employed, bid on the unit price
' per cubic yard on pier work, and
i not on the plan prjesented In the
Linn county bridge, j
i , No doubt, the engineer who pre-
pared these had in mind only . a
I fair proposition, but a careful an
alysis : of this makes it clear that
he has done exaetly wliat the type
" of contractor, who does not want
j to be fair, most desires.
The other method makes it fair
i to ' every contractor who bids,
makes the calculations show the
t complete cost ( of the bridge and
I shows exactly the basis on which
t the awards are made so that the
public, the contractor and the en
I gineer are relieved from all doubt
as to who is the lowest and best
bidder. ,
j The contract for the Linn county
v bridge has been awarded, and it Is
tsaid that very favorable bids were
''received, due in part to the alert-
ness and : determination of the
j members of the county court to
shave an honest job. But in future
Abridges, the specifications prepared
fin the state highway engineer's of
- flee for .the Linn county structure
1 might-have a very - different out
come. .
THE J THAW TRIAL
t
H
ARRY K. THAW is being tried
before a New York jury for
determination as to his san
ity. The frial Itself may have
'little general interest but. the. rea
son for It may be important. '
: Newj York's court of, appeals de
cided -unanimously that Thaw was
entitled -to a trial by jury because
'the judge of a lower court had
j given him that privilege. It was
"not conceded that Thaw had any
J mandatory right to such a trial,
rbut .that it was within the court's
'discretion to grant' him one! . '
. Under the New York law, if
Thaw is now 'sane "he -is entitled
to go free. " In granting him the
privilege of , attempting ; to prove
jhis sanity it wap argued that a
jury;.' after hearing all the 'evidence
at -his .trial for the murder of
Stanford-; White, pronounced him
Insane at the time of the homicide.
Therefore It . is fitting that a sim
ilar body of 12 men should give
Judgment on' the question whether
Thaw, has recovered his sanity.
The present trial is something' of
a novelty In criminal Jurisprudence.
. There is no. - issue as to, Thaw's
euilt or: innocence, ' :for-. that 4 was
i determined, legally- by " the - first
jury, j The state-Is now at
tempting to prove only mat maw
Is still insane, as the former Jury
decided, and ' that he. would be a
dangerous man at large..
AS DAY; WOULD HAVE IT
T'
HERE .will never be a state
highway engineer's office in
which the people and county
courts will have confidence so
long as Governor Wlthycombe and
Treasurer Kay persist in their pres-
ent course of keeping that office in
turmoil.
Instead of obstructing the office,
they ought t to aid it. Instead of
setting aside the law governing the
office, they ought to uphold it. In
Etead of opposing the highway en
gineer, they ought to stand - behind
him and gire his acts the voice of
authority,
; In continuing their obstruction
Of Mr. Lewis, who is in lawful con
trol of state highway work, accord
ing to. Attorney General .Brown, the
governor and - state treasurer are
simply discrediting the- plan of
having a' state high way "office. The
trouble they are making " is the
same. kind of trouble that Senator
Day made- with the- Dillee. -in the
legislature - and - the same - kind of
trouble Senator Day wants them
to make" now. It is the, same kind
of trouble! the' contractors want
them to -make, - because it Is surely
and swiftly Undermining the sys
tem of having a highway engineer
to stand on; guagd between the tax
payers and political contractors.
: In a bridge in Lane county, the
taxpayers bad to pay $186.22 a ton
for steel that was worth only $75
a ton f. o. b. Eugene, and the
state highway engineer discovered
and reported it, along with' other
similar robberies of taxpayers. Cvr
since that : time and ever since
Bowlby. refused to, allow, contrac
tors in Clatsop, Columbia and other
counties moije pay for road building
than the specifications called for,
the state highway engineer's office
has been the storm center of an In
sistent and furious attack.
The contracting politicians, and
bridge companies want . the state
highway office broken down. They
had softer snaps and better pick
ings when there was no honest and
competent engineer to prepare spe
cifications and supervise bids. -They
prefer the old system when there
was-nobody to deal -with but county
courts,- and with rare pigheadedness
the governor and state treasurer
are playing directly into their
hands.
There is already a large falling
off of work in the highway en
gineer's office. It is due- to the
fact that thg contractors and Day
and some of the state officials
have so discredited .and obstructed
the- highway -office that county
courts and the people are losing
cpnf ldence in . it . .
; If the folly ' ; is A to ; continue, ' -it
would be better to abolish, the of
fice altogether, r-
STANDARDIZATION i OF - DOCKS
I
N- CONNECTION . Jwith, the - -tab-
lishment'of public docks In the
development' , of the Columbia
river waterway there is a sug
gestion that these docks be stand
ardized In : order that freight may
be handled effectively and economi
cally. '
... One. of tne main reasons for
spending millions of dollars in
opening the rivet' to traffic is to
secure cheap transportation. Hence
the suggestion Is an appealing one.
It; is an application : of the policy
of, all railway and steamship cor
porations in erecting stations, ware
houses and docks.
These are built according to a
certain standard which is con
ducive to the transfer of freight
with minimum effort and maxi
mum economy. Tracks are laid
and slips are placed in certain
places.
The suggestion is a timely one
when plans for docks' are being
formulated. It would be much
easier to put it Into execution now
than to wait until after some of
the docks are erected.
If this great wateVway is to
have its full fruition freight hand
ling facilities must, be such that
will reduce the cost of transporta
tion to the lowest possible point- ;
A number of the cities along
the river are wisely jpreparing to
construct public docks and taking
steps to prevent their waterfront
from falling under - private mon
opoly. Some, in fact, like Kenne
wick, have already constructed
municipal docks and ' warehouses.
- But even if some of the cities
take , the ; less " sagacious course : of
permitting private ownership of
the water f terminals', it . Is entirely
probable ' that .some system of
standardization of privately and
publicly owned docks could be
worked out.
A MUNITIONS BILL
D
AVID LLOYD-GEORGE, Whose
duty it is to Insure a maxi
mum output of war muni-
tions . In England, proposes
to put the . government and the
labor ' unions into business partner
ship." f " . ' ' ' V
r A bill introduced in parliament
will, if it passes, place every muni
tions plant In Great Britain under
government controI.-i i Each- plant
will be. managed by a committee,
half workmen and half owners,
their- chairman being named by
Lloyd-George. .The owners profits
will be limited. to 20 per cent over
average, profits during, the past
three years, with an extra allow
ance for depreciation. .Workmen
will be subject to transfer to points
where needed and the proposed
law is to become void when the
war ends. . L
The proposal that a sharp limit
be placed on the. profits of factory
owners and that workmen have a
say in managing the properties has
created a sensation in England. It
is feared . that such a' law would
establish precedents that might last
long after peace - is declared, and
in fact work a revolution in Brit
ish; regard for th sacredness of
property. . -
If the bill becomes a law its op
eration will be watched with much
interest. The proposal Is but a
step In advance of other Lloyd
George policies against which aris
tocratic England has been, contend
ing. . : i
EVADING THE LAW
IS there not ; a growing careless
ness in - Oregon respecting the
corrupt practices law? :
There has been a notable lax
ity by candidates In the recent eity
election in Portland in; filing re
ports of their campaign expenses.
, These reports ; should be . made.
They should have been made within
the time limit : provided by statute.
If they are not made, ther public
prosecutors should do their mani
fest duty." ..
The corrupt practices act Is a
splendid law. . It is a powerful
safeguard for, the purity of the
ballot. In a self government, there
should be' no other kind of a bal
lot,' and there Is" no surer means of
keeping the ballot pure than , by a
rigid application of the' corrupt
practices act. f . ' :. . V '
Let . all election laws ; be strictly
enforced. . Let candidates and all
others be made to know that; elec
tions must be orderly jand that all
the regulations applicable to them
must be obeyed.
A CENTURY OP PEACE
TE breaking out of the Euro
pean war prevented the cele
bration of one hundred years'
peace between , Great Britain
and the United States, but the cen
tenary of the signing of the treaty
of Ghent ' is not to pass unob
served after all. There is to be "a
local comnlemoratlon at Blaine, on
the Washington-British .Columbia
border, July 4, under the auspices
of the Pacific Highway association.
The Stars and Stripes and tire
Union" Jack" will wave In unison
and the beauties of living in con
cord with neighbors be extolled by
speakers.
There Is perhaps a peculiar sig
nificance in the celebration -on the
northwestern border, as it was this
boundary . that came v near being"
the cause of war between the two
governments seventy-odd years ago.;
The Philippine government 'has.
decided to put two boats on an
interisland run for commercial pur
poses. There should be a con
gressional investigation of this evi
dence of favoritism to the Fili
pinos. Why should they have a
government owned merchant ma
rine when the American people.
equally deserving ad needy, are
denied assistance from' such a
source?".,; :
Sa.m "Krasner, of unsavory repu
tation as an underworld politician
and king of Portland's former teii
derloin, has been found : guilty of
white slavery by a federal court
Jury. Every i once in awhile our
much criticised courts come across
with something like this to reestab
lish our faith - in' their efficiency
as defenders of justice and decency.
The ' first page of yesterday's
Journal displayed a fine picture of
President Wilson holding little Miss
McAdoo in his arms. Perhaps,
after more experience as a grand
father, the president will be able
to hold both his grandchildren and
pose before 'the camera without
making the women afraid he will
drop both or either. s l
- Highway experts, including the
state highway engineer, came over
from the state - of Washington to
inspect, the Columbia river highway
and after seeing it, declared the
pike to be one- of Multnomah, coun
ty's greatest assets. . And as time
goes on, : there will be ample proof
that their words are true. ;
Judge Landls of Chicago, - who
fined - the Standard . Oil company
$29,240,000, which the company
escaped paying. Imposed a fine of
two cents on an Illinois man the
other day. The government' Js just
two cents ahead .on the two trans:
actions. ," - ' . :' : ' - , :
Those 14 young . women repre
senting Canadian . grace and ? beauty
certainly : - appealed to". Portland's
esthetic sense, put there Is, no rea
son why Portland girls should envy
them. . The visitors only augmented
the city's number of beautiful
women.'- . . T -:.
Germany Is. calling her, 1916
conscripts a year In advance, . and
England bas changed enlistment
ages- by lowering to 1. 19 . on one
hand and rising to 40 on the other.
Germany already has her ; 40 year
reservists in the field. :
. Whiles there has been no ' reply j
to President : Wilson's ; second note
on the Lusitania, It, may be signifi
cant that since the' first note -- was
sent there has - been no apparent
effort to duplicate the tragedy,
The Meyer-Gerhard story in which
the New York Tribune declared
that a German 'traveling ; la the
United States under that name was
In reality Dr. Meyer of the German
war bureau, is now admitted by the
Tribune to haver been : untrue and
a ; great in j usUce ": to r Dr. . Meyer
Gerhard.' The : Journal's news service
printed statements - showing , : the
story , to be untrue the afternoon
of the day the Tribune printed the
original article. - .' I
: The American boy has' seen cur
tailment of his supply of dangerous
explosives f or . the Fourth of July.
He is now to see his elders given a
lesson in safety first principles.
' This ts the last' day of school.
When son makes the ' welkin ring,
remember how .you once felt on
such an occasion.
Don't mix your eating and geog
raphy.' Lemberg, taken . by the
Teutons, lsxnotthe home of cheese
of aromatic fame.
TWO MUCH QUOTED
MILITIA SYSTEMS, :
- From tl a Boa ton Globe. . .-
SINCE the great European nations
spent millions, ' raised by taxation.
In preparing- to . lam-hter . eacb
others sons," raised by the -taxpayer.
we .are told in this country that we,
too, must , be prepared.. Military men
talk .very glibly of the Swiss - and
Australian army eyatems, and many
even now advocate adoption of one
or the other in this country.
In order that people 'may do some
of the deciding- for the ma elves, the
main outline of the Australian and
Swiss cystems are here given.
Both '' systems involve i universal
compulsory military service! :
In Australia the military ' is di
vided into two groups the permanent
forces and the citizen f orces.0 The
permanent forces number about 2000
men and are designed to supply tech
nical military skill and to act as in
structors for the citizen forces. The cit
izen forces include every man between
the ages of 14 and 26. Those exempted
are certain school teachers, people
who live tJo far off from training
centers to be able to drill, theological
students and those physically unfit.
Australia gets soldiers by catching
them young. The training begins
with boys in the public schools when
they are 12 years eld. These boys
are junior cadets until they are 14.
From 14 to-18 they are senior "cadets;
at 18 they go into the citizen forces.
- -
1 This young soldier is now a part
of the army and liable Tor any serv
ice; required.. He Is provided "with a
service uniform of hat, woolen shirty
breeches, shoes-:, and puttees. ' These
must be worn' when: on: duty; never
when of duty, and they", are: retained
In the: possession of the private. He
Is armed , , with a 'light form of the
Marttni-Henry irtfi&. ; His instruction
consist s of - marching, ' discipline,: hand
ting arms, musketry, . -physical- drill.'
first ald'guard'and seiB try duty."
At first there was much hostility to
this . .universal compulsory '. military
service, but now the people nave 'got
used to it, and employers especially
are said to be pleased with it because.
th,ey sax it makes; their employes
more amenable to orders. .Big pa
rades; .are not s encouraged, 'H but are
held occasionally "to inspire the peo
ple." . ; ;.
The Swiss system Is even more
searching. While the Australian: sys
tem begins with the schoolboy of 12.
the Swiss system begins with the
schoolboy of 10 to . inculcate the' Idea
that he is to , become a national mili
tary unit. - In Switzerland every male
citizen : between the ages of 20 and
48 is liable for military duty. The ex
emptions are very "limited, including
only federal officials, employes of the
postal and telegraph service,' officials
of hospitals - and - - prisons, police,
clergy and teachers.. The examlnalon
is physical and mental, the latter be
ing in the subjects of reading, writ
ing, arithmetic, - historyil.end , geog
raphy. Men rejected at these exam
inations are specially taxed. :
The - Swiss army is divided Into
three classes: 1) Elite, , C2), , land
wehr, (S) landsturm. The elite,, en
rolls men from 20- to 82,: the land
wehr men from ' 32 to 40, the 'land
sturm men from 40 to 48. Recruits
during their first, year serve 6 5 days
In the "Infantry, 75 days in the ar
tillery and garrison troops, 65 days
In the engineers and 90 days in the
cavalry. Each recruit is Issued uni
form and equipment. This Includes
a rifle,. which he keeps at home, and
he. Is responsible' for its condition and
upkeep.;;-' .' , ::;.
- This system Is f ostered in the pub
lic schools by voluntary ? military or
ganizations known as v!cadet corps,
something on., the plan of the Boy
Scout movement. Every " Swiss boy is
trained ' from childhood - by parents,
schools and : . government to regard
himself as part of the military mechanism.-
'
: Such - are the military systems In
two fairly democratic countries.. While
not "Prussianized," it "may be1 pointed
out that any. compromise with the
spirit of militarism. - tinder whatso
ever nam, is, after, all, a compro
mise, . and Involves . concessions '' to
the military spirit - On the one hand
is the plea of efficiency ? in national
defense. , On the other ts the cer
tainty that boys and young men
trained to use guns will be just so
much - more - disposed to use them In
a national dispute which .might be
settled peaceably. -'-j.-
i Thef adoption of, universal compul
sory military service, even Jn a semi
democratic form, , Is a compromise
with militarism at 7 the expense of
democracy. , Being-a compromise, its
adoption would involve certain un
pleasant consequences to democracy.
"Whether r the compromise should bs
made or not, the people must decide
for themselves. - But they .should re
alize what the decision involves and
make the choice with their eyes , wide
open.
.: Militarism by any other name may
smell as sweet; but militarism it re
mains. -
A FEW SMILES
- Tommy saw a small, tua-. tow in -
large ship, and heard
the tug whistle loud
ly. ,
"Oh," papa," he
cried, r- greatly , ex
cited. Seat :' The
big boat's-, got the
little one by the tall
and It's squealing!"
Woman's Hotoe Companion.
" " "Very gratifying!" said a young and
eonelted "novelist. "A - gentleman
writes me. tliat he
took a - copy of my.
last work to r e a d
during : va railway
journey, and as a
result suddenly dis
covered he had gone
20 miles beyond his
destination.'
"Dear me," commented the young
author's friend, ''sleeping in trains is a
bad habit!
Letters From the People
(OoBunonicatlona aent to The Journal for
publication in tbia department aboald be writ
ten ob only eoe aide v( the paper, ehould not
exceed 300 worda in lenztll aad maat be ac
companied or the name and addreaa of the
aender. If the writer doee not deaire to hare
the came pabllabed. be aheuld ao atata.)
i'DlBirton is tbe jreateat of all reformera.
It iratkmaliaea ererythins it touchea.: It robs
prlneiptea of an false tanctlty and throwa them
back on their renaMuialeneaa. - If they have no
reaaonableneaa, it rathlefaly ernshea tben out
of - exiatence and aeta no lte own conclaalona
la tieir ateed-V Woodrow WUaon.'.
The Western Oregon Auto Road.
Medford,Or., June 25.To the Edi
tor of The Journal There seems to be
considerable - activity among -several
Portland organizations, not - to ea y
anything of the steamboat companies
who get $5 per car for shipping autos
up the Columbia, to divert . . tourist
traffic over the sand done and ease
brush route. - They are told tha.t the
roads on the Pacific highway are very
bad, etc. ,.;,,,--..:- ; - ,
This does our country good in one
way. It has caused us to Iron the
wrinkles out of the roads, until they
are really excellent, and we would like
a ! race from Portland over the two
routes to where tbe two roads con
verge to the south of us.
One of our local garage men. Court
Hall, drove last week from Portland
to Eugene in six hours, Eugene to
Roseburg in four and a quarter hours,
and Roseburg to Medf ord In six and
a half hours, maintaining a speed of
over 20 miles per hour, and reports it
a; pleasure ride. Most, any kind of an
old car now makes the Siskiyou moun
tains over into California on high gear,
and we would like to have a liberal
portion, of the tourist traffic, and feel
sure that the scenery of western Ore
gon, .and the good roads they en
counter, will prove a real pleasure,
and trust that steps will be taken to
give us a square deal with the travel
ing public. C. D. Hoon.
No War Foresees Its End,
From the' Kansas City Times. ,
(Trie peoples that entered the Thirty
Tears! war in the seventeenth century
did not know that It was to be a SO
years' war. They did not know wheth
er it was to be a long or a short war.
The rash, or unfortunate, Frederick of
Bohemia whose act turned a small re-
volt into ..the great war bad not the
least idea' of what he was gettinsr into.
At various periods the fighting seemed
oyer, only to go on more fiercely
apd t' spread farther. . Leaders and
Peoples became involved that had no
connection with the first quarrel and
whose entry Into it was at-first un
dreamedof. " ; - -
Today the length of the European
war is a guess.. It has already broken
so many financial illusions that no
presumptions can be secure against
the future. The very beginning -of
the war 'was a breaking of Illusions.
Thftt civilization could make such an
Svatar was Itself -a- broken 3 hope, a
defeated expectation. r . .
By no familiar reckoning (of fi
nance, or of human. endurance, or of
wealth production ' and natural re
sources) can any of - us believe that
this war shall be prolonged to a con
siderable fraction of the period of its
greatest predecessor of the Napole
onic cycle. But how can one" tell
In : the vast ,- stubborness of national
feeling, in the vast interests now felt
to be at stake, in the terrible hatreds
engendered more terrible because un
reasoning? -
f J;-- - ; -..-
i . . Peace.a Loag Adventure. -
From the New Republic,
i Those who will try"to contribute to
the settlement of the- war with a view
to permanent peace will have no easy
task. - ; ..r
i The internationalists who care for
the -.-human -future. - who enjoy - some
world citizenship, ,bave no precedents,
no ' technique, no common tradition or
understood procedure .to. guide them.
The science of International relations
is for them like the first stumbling of
a- child. They Hve -at the - very dawn
of i new 'Ways of, thinking, and they
are certain to meet many failures be
fore their minds have clarified their
task. Our own generation may thus
see no great discovery, no telling
formulation of principles. It will suf
fer In experiments whicb are blind.
and accumulate a little wisdom In
suffering. Tbe more naive will build
high - hopes and fall Into disappoint
ment They will grow Impatient with
those who end- every affirmation with
a question mark: and surround every
plan with .a disturbing doubt. But
the more critical .will know that peace
is . k long adventure, which would be
crushing In its -difficulties if It .were
not sustained oy the finest hope; that
rures the mind or man.
.Armies Need Geologists.
From the Literary Digest.
Since . war has left - the j realm
of
!. .nn,01l.. ,nt horam. a mattar nf f
digging the enemy ., out of lead 1
trenches, sapping, underground bar
racks and other evolutions of - the
spade and pickax, new problems j face
the general staff.
: If- is becoming gradually evident
that to the various branches of knowl
edge that go to make up the science
of strategy there.- must be added an
other namely, ' geology. It is not
enough to be able to pick out a hill
side or bit of rheadow land, that will
best lend Kself to the tactics plannedJ
The commanding officer, fighting now
a war of intrench men ts, must choose
a position that will also be dlggable.
If beneath a deceptive .light surface
there is . nothing but rock, trenches
will be Impossible, and hia troops will
have no chance against an Intrenched
enemy. '
Hedged About by Laws. -'
, ' From the Pittsburg Post. :
"I have just been reading the consti
tution of the United States, -
j: :."Welir' " " - '
i ' -"-And I wa . surprised to find out
how many rights a fellow really has."
I . 1 '" . I
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGE
Chicago News: While it is never
too late to arbitrate, it is never too
soon to begin. -
Detroit News:' One of his aides de-;
Clares-that Billv Sunday is a plagiar-
. 1st. In material, possibly but not in
i delivery. . . "
tLoe Anseles Times:' The Swiss have
bought armed motorboats to , patrol
. Lake Constance and all. Jokes about
the Swiss navy are off.
Taeoma Xedger: If you"" desire T an
untimely takin off, it is not abso
lutely necessary to rock -the boat,
i Fourth of July tetanus will soon be
j available. . j- -
Omaha World Herald: Delegates to
the advertlslnar men's convention oc
cupied 60 Chicago pulpits yesterday
and. of course. the congregations
heard nothing but truth.
- ;, -,:5is.s.-.t r--. - v:- ..-;J--'-r:::--("'ii.
Tacoma Tribune: A prominent Chi
cago couple has been married with a
new "rationalistic" service. It is much
iike 'the old one, in that the couple
make certain promises which, they may
or may not. keep. . .-.-v. ... .v.-.
, -' -. i - - .v.,i .-v-i?. ,---:--., 4:rj;
Pittsburg Press:-tVe love to read
the figures in the nation's daily bal
ance sheet but are more vitally in
terested in feeling In our - trousers
pocket to see if that carfare and lunch
money is still there. .-.-.
New York' Globe: The Yaqui In
dians are mobilizing againat Mexico,
Germany, and the United States, and
their reasons for this portentous ac
tion' will be set forth in a Copper
Colored Book now in preparation. -
, .,. j.- - .., : . -...
: Philadelphia North American: Hard
luck, isn't it, that just at the time
when American dollars will buy more
in foreign countries than ever before.
American tourists have to stay at
home?..,,- . .. .
Oklahomari : ' Minority leader Mann
says he doesn't see how President Wil
son can help being nominated for an
other term. It is iust as difficult to
understand how he can help being
elected If be is nominated. ,t . '
COMMENT OF THE STATE-PRESS
. nwBSBO OBAPEIOl , Multnomah
county will build 78 miles of hard
surface roads this summer. This will
prove the leaven In the lump which,
ultimately, la destined to ferment the
whole lump; With 73 miles of really
good roads in Oregon we will have an
object- lesson that cannbt- fail of ef
fect. -Good roads Will, mean more and
more to us as a state 'and- the time
Is not far distant when dollare will
be spent where there are not dimes
at the present time.
e . '
RITDISTOV BA8T OBEOOlTXAJri
Probably nothing - could be of more
benefit to Pendleton than the building
of permanent roads. Good roads are"
needed for their own sake and with
the advent of the auto and' the open
river the subject -Is of vastly more
importance than ever before. Other
towns, among them Walla Walla, are
going to have permanent roads to the
Columbia and it Is up to Pendleton to
get busy. Fortunately the cause is
one In which the Interests of Pendle
ton and other portions of the county
are identical, so that cooperation- may
be expected.
The good roads program will fur
nish tire next opportunity for effective
work in behalf of the greater Pendle
ton. .
- ' e . - -
SUOETfl! StEOISTEBi Here in Eu
gene there is one beautiful charity
that appeals with peculiar power to
every man arid ' woman and boy and
girl - of sound body the project to
help Indigent - crippled - children - back
to health and strength. - Just now
there are , many sad sights - In the
world, but none is sadder than the
crippled child that looks forward to a
long life of physical misery and han
dicapped usefulness. Hunger and cold
are hard to bear, but In this country
there is always the knowledge that
they" will be only temporary and there
will ' be. plenty later. But . to . the
crippled child for whom there, is no
money to pay for medical or surgical
care there Is- ho 'time ahead when
troubles will be over. . Helping such
as these Is real service to humanity..
WHAT TO DO WITH OUR SAVINGS
i By- Jobn M. Oskison. '..
The field of legitimate, safe invest
ment for saved ..money needs to be
enlarged in this country. ,
Lately a banker pointed out this
significant fact: s Every, large railroad
system in the United States that. Is
now. In receivers" hands or near to a
receivership "has - got into trouble
through too heavy borrowing. i
More snecifically. these roads have
'gone wrong in borrowing the money
on bond Issues to Duiia new iuin u
Improve old- lines. 5 counUng on in
creased earnings ; to meet the added
charges. - Such work must be largely
speculative the improved - earnings
may or mar not Coma It should have
been carried through, on money-raised
by the sale of stock. " "
. Why basnt , it been? Principally
because the railroad managements
have found 1 1 easier to sell - bonds
than stock. The tradition: was firmly
established - that railroad bonds were
about the best and safest form of
investment. We stopped not ta ques
tion the actual financial and physical,
condition . of the road selling the
bonds. '
The Bulgarian -CTbJMcter. V
From-Tbe Century.
The Bulgarians .are nominally
classed as Slavs. So they are partly.
Yet the world , too often forgets that
the primitive Bulgarians .were not
Slavs at -all. but an Asiatic people of
Turanian stock who in . the seventh
century burst upon the primitive Slavs
recently migrated south of the Dan
ube and settled down as mastera Less
numerous than their subjects, the con
querors were soon absorbed, t losing
the.tr sneech and peculiar identity.
-VavertbeleSS. the PlOOd Was a potent
one. for these Turanian ( Bulgars left
behind far more than their name; they
INDEX OF ADVANCING :
- TIDE OF PROSPERITY
Philadelphia Special to New York
Evening Post. - .'
- The conviction among 'the
larger Independent steel compa
nies is that the - trade will have
Its bands full, not in the fall nor
late - in tbe summer, but before
the -close of July. - This, theory
was based upon the course .' the
'trade- bas pursued in the .laet
- two, months, in that ' the lines of 4
the "chart-index-have been, con
tlnuouely upward-' As ' a ' remit,
prices here' are-, stiffenibg and
mills are working close, to SO per J
cent or capacity, pomestie rather
than foreign business is mainly
responsible for this Improvement.
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
!
Astoria's
Chamber of Commerce
membership- lias been raised to 300,
and those in charge of the campaign
believe the 4 0Q mark will be reached.
- -f :.- .
Ashland Tidings: ' Colonel Roose
velt broke two Fibs, then went to New
Orleans. . Had It been -four ribs . he
probably - would have visited, the San
Francisco exposition.
r
: The Medf ord Bun claims for Jackson
county the low record in divorces as
against all other Oregon counties, in
the past yea-, though the number of
marriage licenses compares well with,
other counties. , -
The Burns- Times - Herald exults in
Its prowess as a compeller of great
events. It says: "It was 'only last
issue that the manager of this great
religious weekly threatened to - build
that, railroad no wonder President
Farrell got busy."
Compliment to a neighbor town, in
Coquille Sentinel: "Bandon celebrated
the anniversary of her big fire last
week.. Enough substantial improve
ments have been made In the burned
over area to make it certain that the
city is will not only' recover from the
effects of that fire but also become a
better and more substanial city than
before." : : - . . ' '.
Opening a' persuasive pro-Chautau-qua
editorial, the Lebanon Express ap-
eals- as followa: '.The people of
ebanon .and vicinity are busy people
and)' many cannot spare the time for
a summer vacation. A limited number
anticipate with pleasure a trip to the
mountains or seashore during July
and t August, but the great majority
find it necessary to remain at home,
t , . - -. - - .
Gold Hill News: If you believe in
the ifquiet Fourth" Gold JHIU. will be
the Ideal place to remain. Those who
will not visit the celebrations at Med
ford and elsewhere are planning to
hold a home picnic Iced lemonade
will -te served free,- There will be a
fewi- Impromptu races and athletlo
sportSyfor which small prizes will be
given Perhaps a laughable game of
hn.li between scrub teams. But . no
tinsel, ear sDllttinr . explosions ori
spreadeagle oratory. -
OBAXrOB OBSE&TXBl The
present . Jury must be .complimented
on their patience displayed In listen'
ingij to the sheep case from , North
Powder. Fiv $7 srTeep were in litiga
tion, f and , the - case was thrashed
through two courts. The recommenda
tion; of Judge Knowles to the last
legislature regarding trivial cases is
nowr thought of by many and it is to
be Regretted that a statute" does not
exist which, prevents appeal from Jus
ice court wherein cases Involve such
small amounts.
' '..
ZiSBAJSrOZr SF7ASSBi One woman
In Portland has set a number of peo
ple to thinking, and this has led to
doing much that has benefited the
poor of that city. The woman Is Mrs.
Josephine R. Sharp, and her Idea Is that
vacant lots in the city can be turned
to account by the owners . allowing
thaj needy to cultivate . the ground. In
some Instances families were .per
mitted to stretch a tent on the ground
andj thus avoid house rent. The plan
has worked so well that hundreds
have been aided." and outlying acre
age has been let by owners on the
condition that the ' ground be culti
vated ren free. Mrs Sharp is Just
now advocating children's markets,
where the children can earn .money
by "selling the product of their labor.
Children naturally love nature. It has
been conceded by student of the child ,
that ne muei oe inaucea to wurn. Mrs..
Sharp believes that to give children
ground to garden and a market place
to sell-their product is the-best way
to solve the problem. ' '.: .
..... iU: - :v - .-i-:
v BAX,ESC JOTJBJBrAXti There's a pros
perity item from' Pittsburg . which
states - that the 'f locomotive works
which have been idle for two years
are about to start up on their ehare
of borders that are to be distributed
among the different parts of the
American - Locomotive company.. ,A
thousand employes will have work at
the plant. So the story goes day by
day. of reviving business In the east,
and now the railroads of the north
west are beginning to find their' lost
nerve again and purpose to carry out
their suspended program of Improve
ment and extension.
Investment bankers failed to warn
the owners of money against the
bonds of the liberal borrowers; and
they failed (as agents of these bor
rowing roads) to call a halt on this
method . of financing the needs of the
roads. ' -... - :;-
When the time came that railroad
credit was affected, our Investors
turned in great numbers to publio
utility bonds. Gas and electric light
and - traction companies that - wanted
improvements, new- plants and equip
ment," -or. wished , to enter into con
solidation, began to ' offer bond Is
sues to the public. Within five or six
years the total of borrowings by pub
lic! utility : companies became - a . tre
mendous sum.. -'J x-v.. - - . :
5 I believe the iext ;gr6up of borrow
ers to rise in the favor of our money
owners will be the farmers. So Jtar,
In i the present revival of Interest ,tn
agriculture, : farm loans have proved
thoroughly sound Investments.
But ; when . the great scramble i for
investments in farm loans begins, can
the same thing be said? I believe that j
will be a good time for the educated
investor to begin to look elsewhere.
stamped upon the new folk -traits
which set it distinctly apart la the j
category of Slav peoples. A moment's i
analysis will clearly prove this. Your
typical: Slav, j whether . he dwell on I
the - Russian plains or the Serbian
hlUa Is an idealist, prone to lose sight
of 1 hard facts In day dream a Cap
able of great accomplishment, when
under the stimuli of his enthusiasms, '
in ! ordinary times the Slav is an easy going.
Improvident, open handed per-,
son. essentially - likable, but lacking
that practical " characteristic, ef fi-1
eiency. "How different the . Bulgarian, '
Restrained, sober, door. With occa
sional outbursts of pasBion, but us-'
ually taking even his pleasures sadly;.'
Intensely practical . and hard - headed; j
without a trace of mysticism; frugal I
toithm l.t e ovarii..- unl i
about tbe future that thia frequently i
becomes an obsession; above all, pos-;
seised of; dogged,, plodding almost
ferocious energy;; -translating ; Itself
normally Into unremitting labor such
is - tbe folk. "The Bulgar on his ox
cart,, says the proverb, ."pursues ' the
hare and overtakes it.-
. 1 . Portland's Festival. ,
From - the f MeMinaville Tetephone
- j ' - ; . Register.
t Alii who attended " Portland's ' Rose
Festival this year will doubtless admit
that If was the best effort, of tty kind
yet ;made. . The attendance might not
have been: as large as in some former
yeara, tmt the managers of th festival
Injected more good taste an judgment
and had better control of All the ele
ments, participating than ever before.
The most beautiful thing was the fes
tival ceater, where two city blocks had
been transformed into a bower of
THE VAR AND
THE JOURNAL
For nearly 11 months Europe
has been ravaged by war. -
Reporting this colossal con
flict has constituted a problem
of unexampled difficulties.
The news associations with
which THE JOURNAL is al
lied, however, were equal to the
occasion.
With characteristic resource
fulness, they marshaled their
forces, and tackled the job which
they have performed with credit.
The alertness of their Corre
spondents have scored some bis
news beats, of which readers of
THE JOURNAL have reaped
the advantage.
In addition, the time differ,
ences are such that almost with
out. exception the biff war news
breaks' for the evening papers
on the I Pacific coast, which
news is not available for the
morning papers until the follow
ing day. ;
Next Sunday the photographs
of a number of the men and
women who are supplying THE
JOURNAL with its news from
the war cone will be published
together with short sketches
concerning the newspaper expe
rience of each. You are familiar
with the names of each of these
' news writers; you will be inter
ested in seeing their faces. . -
NEXT SUNDAY
IN THE MAGAZINE
What Did the Soldier
See at Mont?
At a certain moment of the
retreat of the British from
Mons, a certain British regi
ment, numbering 500 men. was
in danger of annihilation by the
Germans, 10,000 strong. As the
story goes, one of the British"
soldiers evoked the aid of St.
George and the holy angels and
then beheld a vision, of angels
' coming to the rescue.
-The text of remarkable state
ments by men who participated
' in the 4battle of Mons, chroni
cled in two church publications,
tells of the descent of angels to
, the battlefield.
These statements, supplement
ed by comment from Bishop
Samuel Fallows and Dr. Will
iam S. Sadler, professor of
physilogic therapeutics, and Il
lustrated in color, constitute a
' most interesting page.
Walk, Walk, " Walk,
Say Uncle Sam.
The government warns us that
-. we are becoming a sedentary
nation anc that the death rate
; before the age of. 40 has materi
ally increased. "If you take no
other form of exercise, you
.should walk five miles a day,"
we are told in an article that is
supplemented by opinions of
- persons who know.
Paderewski' Unfinished
Masterpiece.
The mailed fist of war cut
short the composition that this
world's genius believed would
be his greatest work. But war,
' he declares, eventually will
prove a boon to art by simplify-"
ing it and giving it a new virility.
The Housekeeper's
Council Table.
A page of suggestions for
matron and maid that contains
much valuable information rela
tive to the solution of household
- problems.
".From: Filmland.
' A page dedicated to the movie
fan, whose number is legion, and
containing a series of illustrated
articles having to do exclusively
. with the motion picture world.
Science and Near-Science.
A page of popular science
matter that appeals to all. An
'array of odd facts gleaned from
many fields is attractively pre
sented. For the Children. f
: ? An - exceptionally : attractive
page, handled by Charles A. Og
den and Georgene Faulkner,
who contribute "Cartoona
grams' and children's stories re
spectively. Miss Faulkner, "The
Story Lady,' will tell about
"Joseph and His Brethren" next
Sunday.
THE SUNDAY
. JOURNAL
Complete in four news aec-
. tions. magazine and comic sec-'
tion; 5 cents the copy every
where. "The Biggest 5 Cents9
Worth in Type"
NEXT SUNDAY
ueauiy oy iranspianiuiK nowrs
ef
yarious kinds, and exhibiting roses of
The beautiful
nora 1,!S111 mla ltil V1 anf:
scape gardening and the use of color!
electric lights, made a scene of trans
cendent beauty. The three great pa
radee. ,'that of the children, the civic
and the electric, seemed larger and
showed better training and organize,
tion than ever before. As one eye wit
ness expressed it, there were "four
acres of children." The civic parade ea
Friday was the largest ever, and re
quired nearly three hours to pass a
given point. . 1
In recent years there has been some
thought on the part of Portland citi
zens to discontinue tbe festival, but
this year's experience and success sr
guarantees of Its'cqnttnuance and even
greater excellence. One feature more
apparent this year than ever fcef-'
was the almost universal wearing ef a
beautiful rose on the part of evtr
participant in the great i.arades.