THE OREGON DAILY-VjOURNAU PO RTL ANP - THURS DiVY U N EC " 24, ' 1 915. h
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kindness .should 'be silent; ?he
who has received one should
apeak I of ; it. Seneca.' -, ' "v t '
THE PRESIDENT'S 'DAY. ;
HERB is not, a neutral nation
in the world that would' not
gladly . Join tcfcay. In paying
- fiincere resnect to the presi-
? dent :of the" United States. "
? Krery! such nation is - harassed
f by problems of the war. '. Every
one of ;them is looking to', the
president of the XTnited States - for
counsel and aid in preserving, neu-
tral rights. , By common consent
I and by the Justice of out purposes,
WoodroV". Wilson la - the trustee of
civilization. Holland, for instance,
i wonders J how she will' fare if Ger
smany retains Antwerp, ,wh.ose navi-
gable river empties into the sea
I within Holland, territory; Over the
1 tigh-minded people of that tiny
I but splendid state there constantly
fimpends a crisis of which the world
fund they had raised to reclaim
250,900 acres of' land about 'the
Zuyder "Zee" has been spent. in car
ing for reHigees from; Belgium.
; ,,The consequences, and,, complexi
ties pf; the war are upon every
nation. ,'The situation in -Holland
has its counterpart in some form
or other" everywhere. So long as
the .terrible conflict rages there 'is
security nd rest under no -sun.
j The -. president - of ; the- United
' States, backed by the splendid -peo-
f pie for (whom he stands, is the
hope of i Christen dom. When he
f senda- a note of protest to one or
5 another j of the belligerents," "he
speaks, not for America, alone, but
j ior all the earth that: is still at
1 peace.. When he appeals : to the
J warring1 jpowers to recognize and
I respect the; rights pf neutrals on
the high sea3, the appeal: is hot
, 'for the -American people alone,- mt
for all mankind". -S;
, With ttrembllng arid "hopei ' the
'people ot every non-belligerent na-
'.tion hate their eyes on the; While
LHouse. Thef realize that" upon the
government at Washington almost
'wholly depends , the . issue. ' of pre
: venting ja breakdown.' of Interna--.tional
law and the enthronement
;ot anarchy on the seven seas; Their
Ihope of protection is not in their
town arms and. armaments, but .in
"' the moral power of the great.neu
tral, and . the profound -respect -of
'the. warring nations for that great
eutral'S purpose. A '
Neveri was the supreme "confi
dence . of mankind so completely
. centeref'ln one great office. Never
?wai ao great a trust committed to
the keeping of one man. Never in
human history has one nation oc
f eupied so commanding and so in
i epiring a position on this earth.
: : Out of respect for tfie; leadership
that has sustained .the .United
. States in this exalted position 'be
fore mankind, how fitting-today to
pay- appropriate and deserved 're
spect to the presidept of thiBUnited
States' and renew "our ' faith'ln
, American free institutions! ; . '.' '.
- . -
"SECRETARY IAXSIXG
RESIDENT .WILSON'S selec
tion of Robert Lansing for
secretary of state Is appro-
i-i. , .. . ?" -
f . . prjaie ana juaicious. -'
, Mr. Lansing is an expert on. in
ternational law. He hag had val
uable experience In diplomacy. He
iwas counsel for the United States
in tho (Bering Sea arbitration In
1892 and 1893, and later counsel
for the Bering. Sea claims commis
sion. He was solicitor 4 for the
United States before5 the .Alaskan,
boundary commission, in .1 9,0.3.,. and
appeared as counsel for the .Atlan
tic coast fisheries before the ar
bitration commission at'The Hague
In 1912. He became . counsellor of
the --state . department March 20,
1914,' and in that position has ren
dered the country valuable service.
The dew secretary of etate has
no policies of his own that will
. conflict! with whatever 1 course it
may become necessary - -for1 the
cduntry " to take; - 'He should -and
will prove-: a valuable assistant to
the president in preserving the na
tion's ' rights as a neutral, "for he
knows jwhat those rights are and
ili international law baek tf them.
. X 'r. IF i SECOND FIDDLERS ? ,
BT Scheduling two ' games with
each other and on the " best
.dates in the season, it Js-ap-.
parent that the football, man
agements of the University . of
California and .the- University, of
Washington have decided that they
are . In. a class by themselves "and
that all .other Institutions are small
.fry. . '
j 'Evidently the two- have visions
of making their two . games . the
only real games of. the year; "and
-Of using Oregon. Idaho and other
outsiders aa mere practice ' affairs
for the misbty football men of the
.. And . .while t the "great - warriors
gather their skirts close about
them a&d look down patronizingly
upon Pullman; Idaho,, Whitman,
U. Lot ' 0 and O. A. VC will the
latter resignedly- accept -their small
fry designation and .play k second
fiddle? i;r ' , . .
Will they? Or' will they, retaliate
oh" the snob plan by ignoring
fornla and .Washington -rr4d proritlon. fully-as much as do men; of
vldlng counter attractions of 'their
own, ; which- they are -: abundantly
able to dQ?. , . . - ' f '
THE . PIONEERS.
T
HEUE was a big idea back of
jthe migrations of the pioneers.
It was the bold and reso
lute' man who -left the ' com
fortable -settlements ; of. the At
lantic and cpnahed forward to the
frontiers 'of -Ohio,' Kentucky, Illi
nois and the other A unsettled re
gions. ;The-weaklings ."did not join
in these westward movements. - It
required courage, self, reliance and
resolution td .'go "out Into the -wilds,
to struggle ywith; the perils of . an
unpeoplecf- conntryv'and the weak
lings preferredLitd remain. In rrfore
peaceful Du'rsuitB.-; ' . : V
It was' the weaklings 'who re
mained In 'the-?. cities jtp become
dwellers InMenements. and to sup
ply sacrifices for present day indus
trialism. . ,It was the strong men
and women who. followed the fron
tiers westward,: into .the trackless
Drairies and unchartered desertsidnd that was one of the great pollt
where, with heroic, purpose. In the j
midst of privations and struggles
and sacrifices they laid the founda
tions of the" splendid civilization
that: now exists. " ;
; It is not - too .much, to claim that
out of this type, of men. and women
came a rj.ee pf stronger- mold, an
unusuallyi?self-rellant, independent,
assertive and 7 substantial people.
Their material independence, their
stable; and. intelligent .citizenship
as many times exampled and: their
rugged responsibility" tn;- life's af-
i fairs are all signof . a . militancy
and purpose Uhat had ; its begin
nings in the long ago journey to
the frontier, - '...
; The pioneers have.A reason for
their prfde in their annual" reunion.
Their work was .large and their
achievements, ? were , extraordinary.
It is notable fact that today
many .of the so.ns of the men who
Journeyed to the . w e s t e r n and
southern frontiers have been called
intO; the great centers "of the east
where they are jpillars of finance
andfigures of industry.
By that? token, the blood apd
mettle of the frontiersmen -,1s fell-.
ing in' human affairs.- - -
-IRON IN THE WAR.
5. ,. m ...
3 R M A N YS protests against
the shipment ;Ol rwa.r muni
tions 4 tov' -theAlrfesV are r ex?
plained T by 'the New 'York
Times.' They -are abased ' largely
upon Germany's' command of Iron
in Europe,'. y . . .
The pig Iron production of "Eu
rope was 44, 274, 000 tons In 1913,
the last full year of uninterrupted
industry. : Of that V amount Ger
many . produced 19,000,0'00 tons,
Great Britain 10,500,000, - France
5,225,000 and Belgium, 2,319,000.
Germany has . conquered , practi
cally all of Belgium and holds
possession of a very large propor
tion of the coal and iron resources
of France. " About 50 per cent of
Vranfa'a dernita ir in th
departments of Nord and Pas de ' a complete Zeppelin eyery 20 days.
Calais, and fully 80 " per cent of I Perhaps they are, but .it is doubt
her iron mines are in the denart- ful- Exploits "of Zeppelins so far
tnent of. Meurtbe et Moselle. Ger
many has occupied only about 3.7
per cent of French territory, but
that . 3.7 per . cent includes these
three provinces. .
The Times, - to be. conservative,
estimates that only one-half of the
total pig iron capacity - of France
Is In German hands, and arrives at
the following figures showing Teu
tonic' control of pig iron In tons:'
Germany ' .-'. . . . . . . . 19,000,000
Austria-Hungary
iRfilarinm :
2.335.000
BelgiQm : ,
2,319,000 !
Francs t (SO per ; xent),w 212,000, ;
Total .i.:.. .... 26.266.ooc
The allies control of pig iron iSiine wrong sort., r reopie in me east
only 7 18,007,000 tons, r divided as
follows: - ' v, '
Great Britain . 10.500,04)0
France t60 per cent) -i:.. 2,612,000
Russia . .i i .. .1 ... , ,4,416.000
Italy 420.000
f The United States is the- only
great non-European - source of iron
and iron manufactures. In 1913
this y country produced more pig
iron than Germany and great' Brit
ain - together. That is why the
allies are looking to the United
States to offset Germany's -control
of ;iron for Iron wins a "modern war.
SOME OTHER AMERICANS.
4 i: 1 , - v.-vV:.- r
E
REDERICK C. HOWE, com
missioner , of -' Immigration at
Ellis! Island, Issued the first
general call for an American
ization day for the Instruction of
new - citizens .in their -obligations to
their adopted country. His Idea
was to promote patriotism.
Mr. Howe evidently thinks In
struction" in patriotism' should be
extended to a lot ."of other Ameri
cans, fori in a letter , to the New
York Timeshe says: " !
Patriotsin" should " be ' aa " real a
thing, In times- of peace as In tiroes
of war. In 1883 the American armor
ring sold armor to Russia for $340
a ton, and at the same time charged
thw. United States $616 a : ton. : In
1913 the-, war department purchased
shrapnel from the ammunition ring
at .$25 each, while tthe , government In
its own arsenal -was manufacturing
th same - article for , $16.- ; The ring
charged' $7 for 31-second combina
tion fuses which can be : manufac
tured - in i the government arsenal
for $3.- !
v The facts stated ' by -lir.i Howe
are well known,-but they hare pe
culiar significance : at : this time
when.-; the country is- calling 'upon
alt Americans to be Americans and
nothing else. : Should - the need
come, there will be plenty of Amer
icans to bear arms.!. Put 'what
about the munitions? . - '
I Woald it be a good plan to have
jan - Americanization day for, Amert-
cans in the armor and , ammunition
Cali-Jricgs? They seem to need Instruct
foreign ' birth who would give their
all for the country of their adop
tion, -should the necessity come. -
A BRYAN ' BOYCOTT.
T
HE "Atlanta Constitution is so
angered - with the' course of
Mr. Bryan that it' refuses .to
print his name,, or .his ; state
ments in , its columns. " .
. A- newspaper- that ' deliberately
censors itself in ' such : a fashion,
is no. longer' free.- If it closes its
columns to Mr. Bryan because it
disagrees with his views, it becomes
a' slave 'to its own passions ; Were
the prohibition imposed upon it ; by
government authority, such ; a pa
per would be -Russianized, and yet
when, the Atlanta ; paper itselt or
ders it so, the effect is exactly the
same.' " . i ' .
" The Constitution will recover
from its spasm.; ; Mr. Bryan, made
a mistake but he is not dead.
He is' one ; of ; the great statesmen
of this , country., He made Wood-
row Wilson possible at Baltimore,
ical accomplishments - in - American
nistory. .- - -
' In Woodrow Wilson's own words
we have a characterization of-Mr.
Bryan and, coming from such a
source," we -know ; that - the words
are true. , When i Mr. Bryan re
signed, Woodrow Wilson, in a let
ter to Mr. Bryan, said: ' . ' .
Our two years ; of clos association
have " been very; ldeiihtful ftom.
Our judgments ihave v accorded .ln
practically every matter of official
duty; and 'of public policy -until . now.
Tour" support of i ray work- and the
purposes of the. administration -lias
been - generous and "loyal, beyond
praise. Tour devotion , to the duties
of your great office and your eager
ness to take advantage of every great
opportunity for service has been an
example .to the rest of us. You have
earned ; our affectionate admiration
and friendship. ,H t ;4f , ; s : t ..
President W II s o n . knows Mr.
Bryan better,1 probably; than does
any living man, ; and the estimate
he places on his former colleague
and coworker is I undoubtedly Just.
' Except for Germany, none of the
great belligerent! nations , has been
so hard hit in Its foreign trade fas
France. In the ! first . four months
of this year, the- total, export trade
of France decreased f 258,900,000,
or 58 per cent, from 1914; and; of
this decrease ,$113,900,000 was , in
manufactured; goods. ,i Imports de
creased $l8,900,000i or 28 per
cent.'in SDite of a 26 per cent in-1
crease In-Importations ot
tured goods.
'The British government In April
began ' selling Its securities . overi
the counter" to all comers. Up to
June -10 it had; sold' in this way
$740,810,000" worth - of treastrry
bills redeemable six to 12 months
from date -of issue. Another f3S5,
750,000, 1 issue jof . '. similar f snort
notes had been Bold by public ten
der or - private subscription. ; i ;
With double shifts at work in
the Friedrichshafen factories, the
Germans are said to be turning out
don't back a belief that German
efficiency counts heavily on them.
A popular phrase, today: "It was
in the fall of 51 or the spring of
'52 . There" Js also a ' reminiscence
of "Betsy of Pike,v who crossed the
tall mountains i with - her . brother
Ike, with one yoke of cattle and
an old yellow dog, a tall Shanghai
rooster, and an old spotted hog.''
Mount - Lassen's eruptions , were
good ' advertisine ' material ' for San
Francisco, but the Imperial valley
earthquake afforded .. publicity; of
may not take into account the fact
that the Imperial .valley is a long
way from the exposition city. I V ;.
Secretary of State Lansing, is
raid to be not only an authority
on international law, but also a
golfer a painter, a poet, a fisher
man, an editor and an author. The
old saying "jack of all trades and
master of none, does not seem to
apply to. Secretary .Lanfsing,,..
- Colonel Afansieff, a Russian 'of
ficer x recently retired, says that if
the, war drags on much longer the
people of a large part of ; Europe
will become rodents. And they will
be hunted like Tats in a hole,
- -
f. In August,' 19.14, Germany's Iron
output was only 37 per cent of the
normal in' 'times' oft peace. Last
March it was 60 per cent; and
steel output: had risen from. 3 6 to
nearly 70 per cent. v-. v.v t ' "
: A . group of .eastern promoters is
said - to be figuring -on a .chain of
two-dollar movies.- They will' have
to be' something " extraordinary to
draw many people away from the
ten-cent kind." -", . - "
- Considering the . conflagration
abroad, we will be doing some
thing worth while 'by kindling a
nation-wide blaze of real patriot
Ism In the- United States. ' -
.There-have been kings," prophets
and priests, but the 1 gospel of de
mocracy has been upborne and typ
ified by the- American, pioneer!
WILSON'S ACHIEVEMENT
IN ITS LARGER ASPECTS
. from the Kew York Kreolog Pot. . ,
AMERICANS bave a .'right to be
gratified by the Reception abroad
of " President Wilson's reply to
Germany. In that country Itself the
press pays tribute to his moderation
and .courtesy, at -the same time Jhat
It 'perceives the firmness' with which
he insists upon a principle " which the
German government - has : denied. But
It Is naturally in France and England
that we find more outspoken praise
of Mr, Wilson. ' This is not . because
the newspapers and public , men of
those nations expect; the United States
to '.Join -thevallifa,'. jMost t.f them."- it
Is probable, do not even desire this.
They are simply , freer than Germans
now are-to point out the way In
which, the president, by the positions
which he'- has f taken in our contro
versy with Germany, Js doing a serv
ice to the whole world. ' This is plain
ly asserted, we.', are ! pleased to see,
by , influential organs of opinion in
South America. Argentines and Bra
zilians -understand "-as clearly as do
the- Iutch ind-the-Scandinavians that
the president , Is "working not merely
to maintain - neutral " rights, but to
uphold the pafietity of that law whieh
governs, or ought to. govern, the con
duct of all nations," whether in peace
or in war. -
' ' . "
Sneers at International r law ' bave
been very common in recent montha
It Is pictured as ah archaic' system
now utterly 'broken down. Or else we
are told. - that it is only a thing of
wax, ' which each nation can t shape at
its own pleasure. If it ever bad any
vitality, or . binding power, the. war
has changed all that.- But all this
is - very short-sighted. The law of
nations may be disregarded, but it re
mains the law. ' Even Its. violation, as
Judge George r Gray declared in his
address before, 'the Kew Jersey Bar
association on' Saturday, are ft recog
nition of this. 'Belligerents that
ignore it or set tt aside, are - com
pelled from very shame to apologise.
or get . up some sort- of excuse f or
themselves. And, pn the main point.
Judge Gray put thel case for the presi
dent and, this, country In truthful and
forceful terms; ; ' ' ;y-v" '
"Never before in our eventful his
tory has the time been so opportune,
or the conditions so"" exigent, for - our
country to 'assert the rights that 'be
long to a neutral nation, 'and.' to in
voke the principles of that great body
of law, whose; existence and develop
ment baa Jbeen : one of . the crowning
glories of our civilisation. , It - Is for
Uis, as never before, to stand up for
and assert the . vital - character and
binding force of the obligations which
this law has Imposed -upon, belligerent
nations, for" the projection- of neutral
rights.. In doing so,; we are perform
ing a service to the. worldiand human
ity, and even to the elligerent nations
manufac-Ithemselves, -wbo. ; when Jthe passions,
of War bave . subsided, will recogntee
that - their own - essential - rights and
interests have been preserved.- ' . '
This address by . Judge Gray is In
line with a strifcing; article In the Law
Review of the. University of Pennsylvania'-
for June, on "The Supposed
Chaos In the Law" of j Nations." r '. Its
author -Brr- Baty,- traces, the various
steps by which the rights of neu
trals on the high seas had been insidiously,-!
eaten : into even - before the
present war; The - reckless -use of
mines; the declaration of "war sones,"
not to speak, of the extension of the
lists of contraband, and the reserva
tion by the belligerept of the function
of " deciding on the desUhation:5 Of
goods, not contraband unless Intended
for the use of. enemy forces "-all , this,
affirms r- Dr; i Baty. ' has brought It
about that "the , position ' of the neu
tral has been scandalously. weakened
in a professedly humanitarian and
progressive .age.. . And .one result Is
that many people talk as If the law
of 'nations' had' . become of no' effect.
Even a man. .like . Mr. Balfour gives
countenance to the theory that Inter
national law ceases to be binding upon
one belligerent; as soon as .-anothsr
breaks It.. -But if he-means reprisals,
they themselves are provided for in
international law. The main structure
remains ; intact and sacred, ' and must
so remain - unless , the world is to
lapse Into a condition where each
nation" is a law unto' itself, and every
nation's hand Is ' against v the others.
. . - -
The true conception of international
law Is well stated by Dr. Baty: ' 1
"Even at this awful-crisis Hv is ex
ercising its- -majestic- and : beneficent
sway over .far' more - than half the
world. - It is the deep sense of what
may fairly be expected to govern hu
man action lrt the neutral intercourse
of. states. That sense may be wounded
and alarmed, but its convictions can'
not permanently .be disregarded. Wars
and civil wars there may. be; but the
law of. nations and the laws, of states
remain the inflexible guides' oX, human
conduct." , ' " ' ' "'. - v ' . '
. - ,j ' . . - ;
'It is such considerations as these
which help to put in their Marge per
spective President Wilson's -efforts to
set forth and maintain the; accepted
principles lot conduct between civil
ised nations.-." vHe has --t been doing
this, primarily In- 'the ' interest of his
own countryi ' It f is an American
case which' he bas been urging 'upon
the German --government, Mr,- Wilson
has confined himself to : those . matters
which alone give fhe United v States
-' standings in court.: But he bas
been able, in 'presenting , American
claims and maklrg American demands,
to constitute himself the. champion of
all neutral nations and the upholder
of the fundamental doctrines of .Inter
national law. -This is . the great; rea"
son why foreigners, are now paying
him. auchi BOtablAUorXb.utes., And -this
Is the main reason why Mais" fellow-1
countrymen, thankful as they ire that
a man. of . bis sane ,' strength sad
clear abiuty should, have been in the t
White House at . a time like this.
ought to applaud and support.' their I
president- He is serving them; but
l- , . . . '
ne is aiso serving civiiuauon. ; .
A FEW SMILES
Penelope -r- 'Ttfarcella - was -' la v the
clairvoyant's room
for. two hours, " .
Percival ; "S h e
must, .have - been
having her future
told."
Penelope '"Why
are you certain of
thatr.,-
Perei val "It
would have taken the clairvoyant, two
weeks to have told her past.") Judge.
The ' women . of an upstate town re
rently organised a musical appreciation
club, and for a while
everything was love
ly. Louise," asked
the husband of. one
of the members after
berref urn "from one
of; the meetings,
"what ;was the topic
under discussion by
the club this afternoon r At first
Louise couldn't remember, but finally
she exclaimed: "Now I recollect! We
discussed that trrasen looking woman
that's Just moved In across the street
and Debussy, . t -
"Plazc -sir, said an Irishman to a
farmer going to' market "one ? day.
"would: yes foe so
obliging as to take
me great coat here
to B wld 'yer
"Tes. said the
farmer ; .... . but .i how
wi-l 1 - you get - it
agalnr .
"Oh. that's mighty
aisy. so t is.v laid Fat;
I'U remain inside uv it!"
for fchure
Letters From the People
(Conmoaicatlons sent to The Journal fer
publication in this department should be writ
ten on only-one tide txf the paper, should net
exceed 300 worfla in length and nrut be ac
companied by. the same- and eddrexs Of -t ha
sender. , If the writer does not desire to hare
the name published, he should so' tte.) -
"Dimwlon 1 the greatest of all reformer".
It rationaliaea eTerythini? it tourhea. It rob
principle of ell false canctity and throw them
back on their reasonableness. If tbej bave no
reeaonablenessv it ruthleaalr- crushes -tbrm out
of eststescw ana "et p im own conclusion
in their -stead." Woodrow Wilson. ,
i , Date of the Boer War. .
Marcola."Or.j June 17. To the Kdltor
of The s Journal Please let -me know
when England was - At- war with- the
Boers. " My partner ssays it was before
1888, and I; claim lti: was 1898 or after.
i -Q, " J;, j'M.-: CONRARDY. j
, IThe Boer declaration of war was
made October 10, 1899. The treaty of
peace was signed May 3L 1M'- " There
were hostile encounters In 1880 and
183,1, resulting in the - abrogation of
the British suzerainty, over the Trans
aL ' , . ' " , - ; ; .
Competing Public Utilities.
; Bend,' Or., June 21. To the Editor
of The Journal I noticed the - news
article in your issue: of June 19 rela
tive to the Steidl-.Tweet electric light
and power franchise, whieh has been
referred to the people to be-voted on
on August 9,- ami the reading of, this.
article . brought to my mind the Idea
that perhaps the citizens and. taxpay
ers of Bend might gather some light
on the subject of the advisability of
granting this competing ' franchise,
through the columns of The Journal.
I am sure - that the voters here de
sire to do the right thing, and wilT do
the right thing if -they can learn what
It is. It would seem that one way of
getting valuable Information on the
question would be by hearing, through
the medium of The Journal,' from peo
ple in cities in the state which bave,
or have bad, competition in public
utilities. : There must be a number of
cities inthe state in which this condi
tion, exists, or has existed, and I would
like very much. to. get. the opinion of
the citizens of, such cities as to the
effect the granting of the second fran
chise has had in their respective com
munities. Information thus gained
might aid our voters materially in ar
riving at a decision in regard to our
local situation.
t TAXPAYING VOTER.
- - - f
Challenging Mr. Smythe's Views. :
Portland, Or.. June 21 To the Edi
tor f The Journal-In a recently' pub
lished letter signed by W. p; Smythe,
he makes - many statements, - one of
which I wish to call bis attention to,
and which certainly needs . correcting.
I refer to his question about "civiliza
tion" and who -represents it. In which
he refers to Great ; Britain as the
state "which exploits, divides and op
presses the populations of , its Immense
colonial empire. .'
- I was born in Canada.' certainly ons
of the foremost of those colonies, and
I Jtnow tnat Mr. Bmythe s description
as applied to that colony is absolutely
untrue; ' ato'd"; I challenge - him or any
other man to name a more patriotic
and loyal people than the - Canadian
people; or to name a people better sat
isfied with their form of government;
or to name a better form- of govern
ment than Great Britain has given the
Canadian people: and judging by the
voluntary and enthusiastic enlistment
of men from all of the British colonies,
I think I am justified' in the belief
that, his ; statement Is erroneous con
cerning, all of them. '
Mr. Smythe is misinformed; and has
made the same mistake Germany made
in overestimating colonial ' agitations
and . underestimating colonial loyalty.
?, , vr -:?;Si- y. CANADIAN.
: A Legislative Monument, -'.
From - the "Medford Mall Tribune-
, A - memento ' of the. legislature's
abortive - attempt at ' economy is the
present conflict in - the office of the
state highway . engineer. -
. In Its -v effort to' - maksa, grand
stand play by consolidating offices,
a single consolidation measure .was
passed, : .making - the state highway
engineer a deputy in the -office, of
the state engineer. Appointment of
the -highway engineer was left In - the
hands of the board of control, but
his removal placed with the- governor.
The state engineer, whose office bad
previously bad nothing . to do - with
highways,, -but -, with reclamation and
power projects,- was made responsible
for a deputy that he could not name,
could . not retnove. Vcould not ; contrbl.
' The governor was requested by all
interested In road -work to 'veto this
bill, which only made for-confusion
and discord. . . But he : refused. : and
signed it. .The new law reads as fol
lows: 6
; "The office known - as the - state
highway engineer- as defined by sec
tion 3 of chapter 330 of the session
laws of .191$, i hereby abolished and f
the powers, -de ttes and worn now per
formed by the state ; highway engineer
Shall ' be Pvested in ,and . pi aceti under
the charge "and direction of . the state
Engineer, and " wherever in any.law
now in force - in the state of Oregon
Sft !
PERTINENT COMMENT
L-
SMALL CHANGE
cent on the mania, la evidenUy about
I tn talr Vi nlii... ' -
vii'.
ChicaffA "Nn-mm- Tf ' fh rna Irnow
..-what is good for them they would in
.dite a few impassioned stansas to rau
Lbarb pie. . -
k - Detroit News: Most of the losses
to any one of the warring nations are
figured, you will notice; by some stat-
: stician - of - another country. -1-
" St. Pauf Dispatch: Battleships are
measured by their displacement. The
- issue has been - raised whether ex
presidents should not likewise' be.
, Tacoma -Tribune: All 'Missouri is
..invited to the wedding in the Champ
ViarK nil i v i n 0. nntinirani, riAiin trtr
is likely to wag his - tail to a f rasale. J
Pittsburg Press: If a baseball fan
were revising the Bible, he would
doubtless make the sentence "Ye are
the salt of, the earth" read "Ye are
the.;pepper.--';-v .;,;:;-,v ;ai
J Chlcago Herald: .Henry Beach Need
ham was one war correspondent who
didn't talk a great deal about the
great dangers he was always encoun
tering and who actually got hurt, .
'- it - --- .. . V-.. . I :. - ,-v.,-'
- The Iublic: The strength of Priv
ilege lies not in the number of its
beneficiaries, but in , the .ability of
these : beneficiaries to persuade the
victims that they are best oft as they
are. , ' '
'e
-- Philadelphia Ledger: The Honorable
James R. Mann, of lllinois,i not ap
preciably below the - normal standard
of. a favorite son, but his presidential
boom is not' likely, to be greeted by
loud huzzahs.
San Francisco - Chronicle: London
Standard says - that No , interest of
ours would be served by America's en
trsnce Into the war." We have a better
reason than, that for staying out. No
interest of ours would be served by
going in. ' -
PRESIDENT WILSON'S FLAG DAY ADDRESS
For, me, the flag does not express a
mere body of vague sentiments. It is
the embodiment, . not of a sentiment,
but of a -history,- and no man can right
ly serve under that flag who has not
caught some of the meaning of that
history.' .",-',.",'''' "-.;;- , - - ; - ,, ; '
! You. do not -create the meaning of a
national life by any literary exposition
of - It, : but the actual dally endeavors
of a great people to do the tasks of
the day and live up- to the Ideals of
honesty and righteousness and just
-conduct. - - -s . ' - , i
: And as we think of these things, our
trfjute is to those men who have creat
ed this experience. ; : Of these men we
feel that they have shown us the way.
They have not been afraid to obe
fore. They have known thats they
Were speaking the thoughts of a great
people when' they led that great people
along the ps4ths of achievement. - -v
There- was -not a single swashbuck
ler, among, them. They were men ".of
sober, quiet thought, the more ; effec
tive because there was no bluster in it.
They were men who thought along tt.
lines of duty; not along the line of
self aggrandizement. They were men,
in short, who thought of the people
they served and not of themselves.
But while we.;think of them ntna do
honor to them as those who - have
shown us the way, let . us not, forget
that the real experience and. IJife of a
nation lies with the great multitude
of unknown men. : They constitute the
body iof i the fnation. j. Thi s flag. J the
essence of their dailyc endeavors. Tbls
flag does not express any TOore i,than
what they are and what theydeslre to
be; and as I think or the tue or inis
great nation, it seems to me that some
QUESTIONS ABOUT
' s -. By " John- M. Osklson. . .
' Ten questions - were presented . for
study by a committee of the -Invest
ment Bankers association at a recent
meeting of the board . oi l governors.
They relate to the safeguarding of In
vestments in railroad bonds. ' They
suggest to owners of money the" weak
ness of a form .-of investment which
has long been popular, and - need of
caution.. They were: - r n
1. Should railroad bonds be pro
tected by sinking funds. .and to what
extent? " " - 1 " "ir"
2. To what-extent should bonds be
Issued to pay foi new property?
i J. Should refunding bonda be issued
to take up equipment obligations?- It
mo, how can the value- of fhe. equip
ment be maintained -. throughout - the
life, of atong time bond?
4. Is it economically sound to' Issue
bonds on railroad property;-running
for 190 years, when' the usefulness of
that property at that future, date can
not be determined? - -
5. In railroad mortgages securing
bond issues, should it be provided that
the road spendva- definite amotunt, or
ths name 'state lilghway engineer ap
pears. It shall be considered that the
name 'state engineer 4 is substituted
in lieu thereof.:. .' , .
Naturally, - the "state engineer, being
under bond, and responsible for : work
conducted under his name, insists up
on; supervision : of the - highway - Work.
The state nignway engineer now oi-
fii.ii : Vila ifTstitv workinar- under
. .V - W V Ul....-
direction of the board of control, also
insists upon control; and two of the
members of the board have adopted
a resolution, ousting the state engineer
from Jurisdiction. ' 'As ' the board can-
r. TYiniifv n iff-ixlatlvA ftotL the Stats
engineer ignores the ousting and pro-
ceeaS'Wltn ine wore, unoer uv.o y
the attorney general. :-
ti..tlo'.Hnii -ttv th hna rA ' at run.
trol shows that no ., economy can be
effected by- the merger or the two or-
INDEX OF ADVANCING
TIDEOFPKOSPERITYt
From the Iron Age. ...
"Betterment both in sentiment
and in orders are reflected in the
week's developments In the steel
market. '-" - As has . been - the case
for some weeks, reports from
Pittsburg and .-Toongstown are I
more-' buoyant- .than -those from
Chicago or the east -' -.
"With output; for three 'weeks
per cent of rated capacity, the"!
ern plants are' now- receiving or-
ders In excess jot shipments. Pre
dictions, are made of . a consider"
able increase in June , upon the
unfilled order increment of May.
; "It fs . .noteworthy 2 that with
war .business commonly credited
with so much of the steel .trade's
activity, - domestic- railroad de
mands should assume larger pro
portions, the 'more so since fhis
expansion comes Just, as car and
livnfnntv avnrke anil rail mil in
I are getting the largest 'export or
ders they have had .. in many
m'onths." : " -
e , -, .
J I
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON ' SIDELIGHTS
4
Due to recent expansion of member
ship and activities, there Is talk in
Commercial club circles at Ashland
of removal to larger quarters.
Oppoelng a proposed public improve
ment, jthe North Bend Harbor says:
"North Bend has little use for a better
city ball than we own. It is just as
good as Marshtield's and there is no
agitation over there for a new build
ing. There is time enough to build a
hall 'When .we need it, not when we
can ill: afford the luxury.
"It's only a matter of building the
bridges and laying the rails now, says
the CoqulUe Sentinel, "betore the cars
will be running into this valley from
the outside world. In a couple of
weeks trains will be running to Acme
on the Willamette Pacific and another
lap wlil be covered by the varnished
cars." ,--,r -. -,- : ,- -.-.j ... -.-i
-U - - . . '- e . ' ; -i. .
. Prosperity Mat in Burns Times Her
ald: v"The announcement of extension
of ths i Oregpn & Eastern into Harney
valley -t this season, the discovery of
rich aluminum -deposits near Burns,
prospects for a gusher at the oil well
bright! and 'half a dozen horse buyers
snapping up every available hoof .
Harney county Is In the Prosper! tJ
column with a big 'P.'" '
"-I!- ;;. ;.
- Silver Lake Leaders The Sink school
cloBed' Wednesday. June 9, with a pic
nic near Klat-top. a program was
given by the children, under the juni
per v trees, after which lunch was
served. The ice cream was made with
Ice from the Ice Caves near by. In
the atternon many climbed - Plat-top.
from -which they got a splendid view
of t the surrounding country.
. i " .! ' - .
ttVancouver Columbian: The Univer
sity of Oregon will not be a popular
institution of learning among a certain-
class if Intercollegiate athletics
are barred, but those who go there for
the purpose of - gaining . knowledge
which will help them solve the com
plex problems of life will be able to
enter .into the1- games which will be
played for wholesome exercise alone.
times, we look to the wrong places for
Its sources. - . -"'-':' '' .' ' '-- ' s '-.;
fiWellook to the noisy places, where
men are talking in the market place;
we look to where men are expressing
their ! individual : opinions; we - look
where, partisans are ' expressing pas
sion, instead of : trying to at
tune bur- ears to that voiceless maas
of men who merely go about their
daily ' tasks, try to be' honorable, try
lio ij serve the - people they love, try to
live w'orthy of .the great communities
to; which they belong. sr These are the
breath of the nation's "doostrlls; these
are-the sinew of its might,
i There are no days of special patriot
ism. I- There" are . no days when -you
should be " more patriotic than other
:l I am solemnized In the presence of
such b, day. I would not undertake to
speak your thoughts. You must In
terpret them for me. V But I do feel
that back, not only of every public of
ficial; but of every man .and woman
f the United States, there marches
that great host which has brought us
to i the present day; the host that has
nevei-forgot the vision which it eaw
at! the birth of the nation; the host
Which always responds" to the dictates
of humanity and of liberty; the host
fchat i will ' . always ; constitute the
Strength and the great body of friends
Of! every man who does his : duty - to
the United- States.- - . - .-s;.:; -: "- -. -'.'
I am sorry that you do not wear the
tittle! flag of the union every 'day in
stead of some j day,-, and . X can pnly
ask you, if. you lose the physical em
blem, to be sure that you wear it in
your heart, and the heart of America
shall Interpret the heart of the world.
RAILROAD BONDS
4-
percentage, on the mortgaged prop
erty for maintenance?. .. -
I . i What restrictions are desirable
iOUj refunding bonds?
7. ; Should not future railroad mort
gages be'" issued without a fixed limit
as; to .the amount of bonds which, can
be1 issued, and protection provided by
stringent regulations as . to future is
sues? - . -. .- --'i,.-.'"
8. ' Should not more stringent regu
lations be provided in future mort
gages asi to - bonds available for the
purchase of stocks and bonds of com
panies owning railroads?
9. Should not the date ef interest be
fixed at the time of issue of any series
of mortgages? ; t -
b 10. Should the duties of the trus
tees, (who. look after the details of the
mortgage and bond Issues) be-enlarged,
and their responsibilities be
Increased?--, -r'v - J;"." -'x -.f -: "
Read over these ten questions again,
uhtlli their meaning is clear. Ther
contain the 'valid arguments against
reckless railroad borrowings; and to
the wise, investor they are a warning
to go slow in' making further pur-
ichaseaj
flces- that the meagre saving that
would result by putting' the highway
engineering and state engineering de
partments on the same floor would
not equaT the cost of movinghence
they : are - to be left separate. . -
The' mixup and muddle resulting
from i Senator Day's program: of faks
economy s and -ill-considered consoli
dation can only result in handicapping
highway work. The muddle remains
as a j monument of legislative ineffic
iency i and ' peanut politics. . ,
-1'-
' ! 1 - The Open Columbia.
flood; :River Glacier: The Columbia
Is! now' open from Astoria to Lewis
ton. "; It i is possible to bring cargoes
of product , from the f ertHe inland
empire down ; the great stretch - of
legendary waterway to tidewater. With
the noise that has been made over
the Celebrations attendant on the
opening of The Dalles-Celllo canal we
may expect much - of the Columbia.
Iti! is ? to i be expected : that, producers
along; the great natural highway will
profit; from the improvement.; Indeed,
the whistle of boats is heard ; every
few, hours at Hoed, Biver at the pres
ent tlrae4 i There is more activity In
the river boat business than there has
been in years. Wil this last? Will
Columbia . steamers continue to In
crease and ply up and down the gfeat
river aor will they : gradually dwindle
away 'and become as scarce as ever
here or as scarce , as they now. are
back-on1 thei Mississippi? - The bene
fits of the great canal - will be neg
HglWe unless the shippers keep ever
in; mind -thei necessity of lending sup
port - to river . carriers. " -
Vancouver Columbian; . ' Kennewick
ls building new warehouses in vcon
ne;tion ' with the . docks in order - to
accommodate . the large - amount of
freight "being . brought c from , coast
points by the. way , of the river route.
This indicates use of the river, which, ;
if continued and extended,, wilt move
congress to - appropriate money for
further' improvement and In time the
Columbia will be . navigable to the
British- Columbia line. ,; .-t v , ,.'
rWoodburn Independent: Vlt - would j
be a shame f have made all that fuss'
nal, and spending so much money on
its
construction, to not use It.
TTk TT -e . '
TtlE' GRFr.nv '"nrv7?v
aj(jf J 1
'la aaaXY nara-
By Iras eeUay, Special itxTt Wrltar
- ' The JoarsaL
Uncle George" Frlsseli lives at Mc- t
Kenzle Bridge, McKenzie Bridge Is in
eastern Lane county, 55 miles en-t of
Eugene 1 was born In Vermont on
November 6, 18,8," aid:Mp. FrlseU. f
from Vermont I moved to .Michigan
and from there to Wisconsin. When I
came to McKenzie Bridge In 1879, my
nearest neighbors were Jim Sims sjwC r
Jim Belknap. The only ones now here
who were living here 35 yara agro. ai e If
Mrs. Dora Sims, Mrs. jan Ueiknap. K
m7 . fe and ;TnyJf. In 1874 my
wife s uncle, Philander Renfrew, who
was a surveyor, was cutting . trail
into the Clear Lake country. My wife
and Mrs. Sims went with him to oo
Clear Lake. They were the first white
women to visit the lake. j
"When I came here, I could have
bought thousands of acres of fine tinu j
ber at two dollars an acr.e. now it aelU
for 340 or $50 an sere. I paid three .
dollars an acre for nty quarter section
here, but it was a particularly deair- I
abba, piece. In those days the coun- '
trjy was live -vlth game. In Auguct i
when the deer were moving down, you
could see hundreds of them on tho
deer trails. I am a fisherman and no
hunter. I never carry a gun. One j
time about 30 years ago a band of .5 i
or 30 elk nearly ran over me. Thry i
were frightened and were charging
along at top speed. They swerved Just
in time to keep from running me down.
The deer used to bother my garden a
good deal -and lick up the salt I put j
out for my cowp. Cousers used to
c,ome around the house at nlght'and
cry and disturb us. They were after
our chickens. One day Alice, my fos
ter daughter, went down into the gar
den to get some vegetables. She was
new to the woods at that time and
when she met a bear in the garden, she
dropped her pan and came running up
the path, crying 'Help, help, there's
a big. bear in the garden, lie's going
to eat me.' Her acting that way scared
the bear so that be ran through our
yard and through the camp of some
fishermen, knocking down their sheet
Iron stove and scattering the men sit
ting round it in all directions.
'When 1 came here 3d years ag,
this road was operated as a toll road.
They collected the toll which was two
dollars here at the bridge. Not many j
people came in here then and we often
got pretty snort of money snd of ne
cessities, particularly tobucco. Wo
used to smoke manzanita bark, hut af
ter the first year or two 1 began rais
ing tobacco and I had enough for the
whole neighborhood. This, is fine soil
for tobacco. The plants get to be about
four feet high and the leaves are large
and of excellent qualtty.
- "The first, winter we were here
Carey Thompson and John Hixon killeii
six elk about a mile and a half from
here. They told the settlers to come
and get all the meat they wanted. I
made three trips for meat. I brought
in about 80 pounds of meat, also tho
six tongues and the brains and all the
large bones.' I cached It in the snow
and we had all the meat we could ent
for the next three months.- We ate
the last, ot It in March and it was bh
tender as spring chicken. This is- a
good game country yet. Raymond,
Roland and Vinty Sims and P.lrd
knap have killed 17 -bears within the
past 30 days. They get from $12 to
$20 each for their pelts. The war in
Europe has hurt the prices for fur.
They-are not bringing more than half
what they did two yearn ago. it cer
tainly is still a fine fishing -country
also. I started fishing 60 years, a so
wtth'a bit of string and a bent flu
and I enjoy pulling a trout out sr
much now as I did when-1 was ten
years old.
."George Moody, who stays with -us,
was out yesterday for a few hours. )1
brought in a good mess of fish. Ho
had three good sized Dolly VardeiiM.
One weighed eight pounds, one' seven
and a half pounds and the smallest
five pounds. I used to have lots of
fun with the Dollies when I ran h
hotel here. I woutd go down in my
garden and from the river where my
irrigating ditch flows into the McKen
zie I would catch several good sizel
Dollies running from five to 15 pound
each. I would put them in my Irrigat
ing ditch. The water is mountain wa
ter and clear as cryatai. I had a
screen -over the end of the ditch fo
they couldn't get out. Maybe, that
venlng' when the stage came, I wouM
have several guests and, of course,
they were trout hungry. They wouli
say, "Well, Uncle George, do you think
you can catch us a trout for supper?'
I would take my pole and start down
through my garden for the river and
Inside of two or three minutes I woul.i
come back with a big Dollie Jumping
and struggling. They used to claim
I had them staked out. All 1-had to
do was , to go down to my ditch and
pick out the one I wanted and bring It
up, but, of coutse. I let them tttinir I
had Just caught the fish out of the
river. I certainly got a reputation for
being some fisherman. My guests une.1
to brag that I could go down to the
river and catch any sized trout l
needed within five minutes. Lots ot
my guests used to prefer brook trout
so-X began making my own flies. The
fly I have the best luck with they
call The Frissell Killer.' It is miule
front my whiskers. You see they are
gray and very curly. They float bet
ter than a bucktall or any of the other
files. I make and give away a good
many Frissell's Killers during the
season, so by fall my beard is trimmed
pretty close." .
, "How do you ' manage, to" keep so
young T I Inquired.
"Well, there is no secret about thai,
replied Unch George. "I never worry
about a goldarn thing. I never croB a
bridge till I get to it. If it's going to
rain, I say, 'Well, let her rain. Haln
is Just what I want i believe if n.
man will live outdoors, live simply,
eat -with moderation snd not worry;
there is no reason why he should not
live "to be old and enjoy life. -.A lot
of men are so busy making more
money than they need they ' haven't
time to enjoy life; a lot or otuers are
digging their graves with their knives
and forks; others worry themelven
into nervous prostration or the grave.
Come out tomorrow with me and I'll
show you how to prolong life and en
joy it as you go along." .
Next day, armed with a couple of
35-cent bamboo poles, a few flies an 1
CO feet of oiled silk line, we went up
the McKenzie a mile or so end "Uncle
George" Frissell initiated me into the
mysteries of - transferring the trout
f rom the riVer to my fish basket. I
took away more than fish from the
river. I took away the ntmory of
deep emerald green pools below swift
water, of merging green tints of birch
and alder, cedar and fir, . of . sunken
logs below which my fly suddenly dis
appeared as a. trout took It and utarte 1
for deep water when it felt the larb
of the hook.
I took away the feeling that Uncle
George is 'right, that we would live
longer and be happier if we lived sim
pler lives, and that getting back to
nature J the cure tor much of .the
unrest and unhapplness of today.
; ? - Wise. '
- From the Cleveland Lw'r.
As to things psychological, t '
aneso seem to need no instruct'.
picking out 'the right mous-ut.