THE aniTGOn DAILY JOURNAL, FORTXATTD, . TITCmSDAY, JUNE 17. 1815.
pi ir I nk i A i That element secured control of
I rlt- JwLJlXlNrL.sP"tIc in lsof- and ia strongly
r. S. J ACKOMi..i... i-.PBlHW
Published rvrr evening (exc-ept 8nndr n
. -ery nanaay TBwirnin at 'Abe Journal ".uiiv
log. Brwdway am) YsBihll! r., Yvrtu. tr.
Entered at the fjnetaffloe at I'ertlaad. Or., for
. tranmciiinn Uiroasb ttae tnli m second
IfXItPHONFS Ml 7I7S; Heme. 4-6031. AH
, departments rearbed by tliciw naatf. Tetl
tti- opratnr what t-prtBj-ut yu want.
FOREIGN- A D VXBT IS 1 N O REPBESBNTATIVE
Bwijaaifn & - Keatuor Co.. BruturvH-K Bid
Klffb Aw., Mew Yofkt 121A People's
B11g., Chtmgo.' -
Hotxtrripflon 'term fey nail or t aj ad
dreas ia tb L'nitea state or Mexico; - -
DAILY - ' -
On ttt, '. , . ...$5.0o one moatk . .. . . M
Oo yea. ......$2.50 ) Om Booth....... $ -25
- : , UULV AND SUNDAY
One Mr.......T.69 Ow month... . ...9 .63
Cliooe alwsyu the way that
emi beat. ' however . rough it
may be end custom will soon
render it easy and agreeable.
Pythagoras.
. STE.VDYTIIE BOAT
T1IK news dispatches say, Mr.
Bryan Is- preparing another
! statement.1
.' , " "it's no time to rock the
boat; was " Mr. Bryan's telling
epigram when the news came of
the sinking of the Lusltanla. Korj
la it a time now to "rock the
boat." . , .,..
, - It fa a time of air times for the
country to- stand by. the president.
If everybody stands by the presi
dent now his great task of com
posing the complications with Ger
many will be made easier. Every- j
body standing by the president will
convince the great imperial Ger
man ?. government - that this is a
country not . of divided opinion
but of united opinion, and by that
token' the task of avoiding further
complications and - harmonizing
those that' have appeared will be
simplified. 1
.. Unhappily, Mr. Bryan cannot
consistently take issye further with '
President Wilson's latest note. It .
will add to yhls own embarrassment '"
to ao so. maeea, . Mr. Bryan s
resignation on the contention - that
the latest note is too aersressive !
placed him in a position of incon
sistency. - Th originarpaote was equally it ',
not more aggr&aive than the last, j
and Mr. Bryan Bigned it. That act1
: made the original note Mr. Bryan's i
note. It made the contentions-
of that note, Mr. Bryan's eonten-j
tions. '
' The original note informed Ger-i
many that her proclamation of the
dangers of the ; war zone could not
be admitted by us "to operate as
: in any degree an abbreviation of i
the rights of American shipmas
ters or of American citizens bound
on lawful errands as passengers on
merchant ships of belligerent na
tionality," and that we "must bold,1
the - imperial German government
to a strict accountability - for any ;
infringement of those rights Inten
; tional or incidental."
.The original note also referred
to the advertised warning put out
by the German embassy at Wash
ington as ''of ''surprising irregular
ity," V; but it declared that "no
warning that an unlawful or in
humane act will be committed can
possibly be accepted as an excuse
or palliation or as an abatement of
- responsibility."
These contentions with Mr. Bry
an's name signed to them in the J
. original note became Mr. Bryan's
contentions, and his acceptance of '
lucui a uai iu ma tuuoiuieui re
pudiation of thefn now.; i
, Mr. Bryan ia a splendid citizen.)
He is a statesman with exalted '
ideals, a" figure of conspicuous !
achievement, a great commoner !
: whose influence upon ; the affairs j
of,, his time has been ; world "wide!
and exalting. j
. But his resignation ;was , a mis-1
roenta, no discussions can change,
it or make it other han an nn-i
happy incident in a very great
career. - j
1 THE GREEK ELECTIONS
t TbiiitiiiAOr iuiuer premier oi i
1 Greece, and his adherents,
; w ' were uatieu oy lWO-iniru8
of the- . voters at Sunday's
elections. , Dispatches from Athens
say the result Indicates that)
Greece will soon be at war on the;
side of the allies.! j
v The people have spoken, but l
: the situation In Greece is peculiar, ?
and there may be question whether
; Venlzelos without the; threat of a '
revolution, will be placed at the i
neaa oi a war " ministry. King
Constantino Is ? incapacitated to
take 'active charge .-. of affairs of
state, and there are persistent ru
mors .that he is suffering from a
wound inflicted by, his queenr sis
ter of the kaiser, because of hi
determination to abide by the peo- 5
pie s mandate.--
Before the elections , there were
well-authenticated reports that co
ercion would be used to. keep Venl
selos out . of power. He had been
warned to keep out .of Athens,
and there is said to be a military
junta organized to keep him away
until : parliament meets in July.
The army's general ; staff is co
operating with' the existing gov
ernment p prevent - the return of
Venlzelos, and : there may be an
attempt jto obtain ' a recount of
the ballots and a reversal of the
majority. ' , .
, Reports of the elections are mea
gre. .Venlzelos secured . the people's
Eupport,, but it remains" to be seen
whether the military element will
concede defeat without further at
tempt to prevent Greece becoming
an ; active enemy of" theiTentons.
pro-uerman.
Ventrelos' partisans. though
outnumbering; their political ene
mies, may be unable to struggle
against : the superior organization
of the "general, staff. " , .
t
SETTING AKIDE -THK LAW
OVER the" opinion r of . the at
torney genefal and over the
to of the secretary of stats.
Governor WIttycombe and
Treasurer Kay, of the highway
commission, have . deposed State
Engineer John H, Lewis as high
way engineer and placed E. I. Can
tine, chief dcjjuty under Mr. lewis,
in ; charge of .highway work. :
Why is th attorney - general?
Are" the governor and treasurer
governed by s law or by their
wishes? ' )
The law governing their' act
says; - - -
Tae offldft known ' a th 6tat
Highway Engineer defined by Sec
tion 3 of Chapter 833 of the nession
laws of 1911 is. hereby abolished, and
the powers, dutia and work now per
formed by the state hisrhway en
gineer PHALL i BE VESTED IN JD
PLACED UNDER : THE C1IAKOE
AND DIRECTION OP THE STATE
ENGINEER, and w eraver , In any
law now In force In the Mate of Ore
gon the name "Stat Highway En
gineer" appears.' it nhall ; be . consid
ered that the name "State Engineer"
is substituted in lieu thereof. - ,
This is the language of the. leg
islature, and the attorney general,
the legal, adviser of state officials,
holds in an" official opinion that
It is the; law.; In view of the re
fusal of the governor and state
treasurer to be guided by that lan
guage, why Is a legislature?
The : duties of the engineer in
charge 'of highway matters, as de
scribed in the original act are . to
advise, and assist county courts in
matters pertaining to road build
ing, to compile statistics as to the
highways in this state, to have
charge , of all maps, record, etc.,
to keep accurate account of alii
moneys expended, and to -prepare
each month for the board detail
accounts of and vouchers covering
such expenditures ; which shall be
submitted to the secretary of state
for approval and payment.
Can the secretary of state draw
warrants for ; the payment of ex
penditures incurred by the deputy
engineer when the law directly
says the state engineer shall ex
ercise "the powers, duties and
work of the i state highway engi
neer?" ,
. .Can the governor and state
treasurer set aside an official cre
ated by law and substitute1 another
and charge that other with the
duties of the deposed official?
If so, where did the; governor
and state treasurer get their new
powers and what other powers are
they likely to usurp?- ;
Is it because the deputy en
gineer is appointive by the gover
nor and supposedly in consequence
subject to control or removal by
him, that' a solemn enactment by
the legislature, as Interpreted by
the attorney general is thus arbi
trarily set aside?.
Is it because State Engineer
Lewis holds an elective office and
is answerable only to . the people,
that he has been deposed?
A MAN'S CONSCIENCE
NEW YORK newspapers are
making a fight for Robert
E. Hick3. "a man with a
conscience." He is in prison,
and they . want him pardoned or
paroled.
Twelve years ago Hicks was sen
tenced to serve 10 months' impris
onment and to pay a fine of $1000
for using the mails for illegal pur
poses. He fled the country, re
turning a few years later penni
less, and was about . to take up
his old ways again when a visit
to a Christian mission worked a
change of heart. Since then he
has devoted, his time to saving
other d erelicts and has become a
useful citizen.
But, according to the New York
Times, Hicks has a conscience, and
this, conscience at last drove him
to disclose his identity and surren
der ' himself to the authorities.
Leaving his ;wife and three : chil
dren behind Hicks has 1 gone to
prison, the judge before: whom he
was arraigned; having no alterna
tive but to send him there.
- The argument In behalf of Hicks
is that a man with a conscience
so strong that it makes him give
up family, home, position every
thing, in fact for a principle,
should not be in prison. ' They are
needed out in the open where men
with ' active consciences are none
too numerous. r ' V
Should the ; New York aews
papers win their - fight for Hicks?
Few men would have done what he
did! Is not his voluntary surrender
proof that further punishment can
do nothing for him or for society?
AN UNEXPECTED BOUQUET
SPEAKING unofficially a short
time before hit resignation
as secretary of V state, . Mr.
Bryan- suggested a plan fOr
financing i. South America. He
called' attention to the fact that
countries to . the south of us were
handicapped ' by Inability to bor
row: money except at - extravagant
rates of interest.
The United States, he said,
might establish an interchange of
credit. This i could be done by
taking ; from a South American
nation its . obligation bearing four
per cent interest and giving to
such a country - three per cent
United States bonds. : .Our ' gov
ernment, instead of making the
one per- cent, could devote it to
amortizing the South " American
bonds, ' which v would be - accom
plished In 47 years by - Investing
the einking fund at three per cent.
, The Natioil City bank of New
York in its June circular letter,
bestows high . praise ; upon- the
former secretary of state, saying:
Making allowance for all the "dif
ficulties w that will be - Immediately
thought of In the consummation of
auch a daring scheme it ; still de
serves to be pronounced not only a
daring but a really brilliant concep
tion.. It la" dating because It goas
beyond the conventional In govern
ment . finance, but It Is brilliant be
cause It appeals to the imagination
as offering something that, while at
tended with ! difficulties. . is not im
possible of realization, and If carried
through successfully ' would . be ; an
historic .act of - statesmanship. ' -
This is an unexpected bouquet
from a strange source. There was
a time when the mere mentidn of
Mr. "Bryan's name- in connection
with '- finance ; would ;nake iWall
street -rage. Interests represented
by the National City bank had
been throwing -brickbats., at ', him
since 1896. Now he is: credited
with haying proposed "an historic
act of statesmanship." f t v
SELLING SCHOOL SITPLIES
PECAUSE of an alleged dif
ference In paper,: the Oregon
I J City school board ' paid a
member ; of that body 639
for supplies which a : competing
bidder offered for $489.73. The
experts in a Portland paper com
pany claim the rejected paper was
of . the same quality - as , that in a
list of supplies for which the board
paid an additional $149.27. J :
-The particular specifications
employed . by the' school board
were effective in preventing : ac
ceptance of the. outsider's bid ahd
securing acceptance of the- board
member's bid. The particular
specifications were also effective
in adding $149.27 to the cost of
school supplies at Oregon . City,
and the paper pair chased may have
been no better than that ""rejected.
Strikingly significant is the fact
that the whole value of the paper
in the competitive bid was . only
$105.25, while the increased cost
of the supplies "caused by the al
leged difference in the quality of
the paper is, $149.27. T f -"
U There may have been no method
in the board's action. But it ' was
unwise. - J . ; .'.;.:..
It was especially unwise in vew
of the fact that the members of
the body seem to be doing a large
business in j selling supplies to
themselves . as officers of ; the Ore
gon City school district. It is a
practice: that: in state matters Is
forbidden by law and that In
school matters ought to be forbid
den by law. -
It should be forbidden because
it leads to just such ugly condi
tions as that reflected in-.a pur
chase of .supplies , at a cost more
than 30 per cent, higher than prac
tically the same supplies were of
fered the board by a bidder who
was not a" member of the school
board, ; '- , .
A favorite method of controlling
bids is by the s requirements of the
specifications. As shown in last
Saturday's Journal, specifications
can be so prepared as to make
open competition impossible, and
it Is a process that has been used
in bridge building, in Oregon with
deadly consequences in co'st, to the
taxpayersi ''- f l:y"
There ia nothing revolutionary
in the theory advanced by Dr.
Sargent of Harvard that women
are as fit for military service as
men. It is a well-established fact
that wopaen have more: - physical
endurance than ; men, even though
they ttb not -have so much - muscle.
Woman 's fightin g capacity has
been attested on many . an en
sanguined field. It the European
war continues much longer it is not
wholly improbable that some mod
ern Penthesilea will lead 'her army
of Amazons to the relief of some
beleaguered city. - i ; '
Premier Asquith- estimates- that
the war expenditures of Great Brit
ain lor the next three months will
be $15,000,'000 per day: As ' in
the Napoleonic wars England" "Is
rendering extensive ? financial ; as
sistance to her. allies.' The ques
tion is how. -long can she stand the
heavy drain of the present.
The federal government, in spite
of 'protestations- of neutrality, has
begun . an investigation of noodles.
The noodle, ! experts point' out, is
merely Teiitonized r spaghetti ? or
macaroni or; considering its rib
bonlike shape, a tape vermicelli.
Why, then, pick on the noodle in
times like these? : , ' ! ,
Congressman Frear, of Wiscon
sin, said .Portland's wealth of flow
ers and its marvelous setting -give
its guests a thrill of delight. He
has looked upon many things 'that
please the" eye. but say Portland
is the most beautiful city he ever
saw. He was a discriminating
guest. .1
. There is something - worse than
bullets and asphyxiating gases.: A
recent German war statement said?
"Farther sohth t our pursuit, has
reached Nowicakalusztomaszowce,"
Are the Germans trying to choke
Massachusetts has a new "law
providing that whenever the price
proposed to be; paid - for . land
needed for any municipal ' purpose
is more than 25 per -cent higher
than its average - assessed valua
tion - during ; thev previous : three
years, the land shall not be taken
by purchase,; but shall be acquired
by right of - eminent domain. - It
is a statute aimed at evils against
which - The Journal has protested
here in Oregon. ' It affirms the
principle that there should - be a
fixed 'relation between. Assessed
valuation - : and purchase price.
Massachusetts thinks a 25 per cent
increase over the assessed , value
for three years is enough.
? Huerta told the "census takers
in New York that he is a soldier
and a civil engineer. - He may be
Kj soldier and an engineer, but this
country's experience with ' him
casts doubt upon the qualifying
adjectives. , .
A "New Jersey jury, returning a
verdict in a damage case, held that
one. boy is worth two girls. Not
so. If left to a vote of the boys.
.' Colonel Roosevelt has announced
his stand - with ;- the - president.
Doesn't that make it practically
unanimous?
WILSON'S ADVISER IN
INTERNATIONAL LAW
From the Philadelphia Ledger. .
ROBERT LANSING, the counselor
of the department of - state, who
has become acting secretary of
state by the resignation of Mr. Bryan,
the successor of Mr, Bryan as rank
ing member of the Cabinet, is one
Of the " ablest authorities in this
country on the conduct of 7 diplo
matic affairs and; on; questions of
International law,, ) - ,
Mr. Lansing has been counselor of
the ' state department since- April ; 1,
1914. At ; that time he; ' succeeded
John Bassett Mtore, another Ameri
can expert on international law. Mr.
Lansing' has served in that Capacity
ever since the United States landed
troops In Vera Cruz throughout the
Mexican situation, and during all of
the European war to date. '
Especially -siace War In' Eu
rope imposed on the United States
government new, serious - and most
intricate problems has Mr. Lansing
been , i, towerr of Btrength ' la the
state department, He has been the
main, source- for advice on all ques
tions of International law; and neu
trality, All quegtions relating to
American neutrality and they have
been numerous- have been ; referred
first to Mr. Lansing for his advice
arid judgment : as td the correct
course to be , pursued. -
Mr. t Lansing is a son-in-law of
John W. Foster, who ;l. was ! a -former
secretary . of state. - He was well
known In . Washington even before
he became counselor of the state
department, by : reason of his service
in aA0pecia: capacity, for the state
department. Hfe Is a native of
Watertown, N.- T.. and a graduate
of Amherst college In 188. He is
Si years old, in the. prime of his
activity, Is quiet. modest and
thoughtful, regarded as a man of
poise and balance, , hard worker and
an official of fine judgment and
ability. : : .
. " . . ".. ' : ,
Three years after his graduation
Mr. Lansing . was admitted ; to the
bar in 1889. He became a member
of the law flfm of Lansing & Lan
sing In r that i year, : a" partnership
which - continued until 1907.- In
1992-3. Mr. Lansing became counsel
of: the .United SUtes in the Bering
sea arbitrations, and Tin 1898-7 he
became counsel for the United States
Bering .sea claims . commission.
Again in 1903 he became solicitor
for the ; United States government
before the Alaskan boundary tribu
nal. ' Iij ' 1909 . the United States gov
ernment once more sought :, his serv
ices and be was employed as coun
sel in the North Atlantic coast fisb-eri-w
during the arbitration of "that
issue between England and the
United States at The Hague.
Mr. Lansingj Is a trustee ef the
Roswell P. FloWer memorial library,
at Watertown, N. T4 wnere Tie main
tains his home, is a - member of the
American Society of : International
Law. of the National: Geographic so
ciety; of the Holland Society of New
Tork, of the! Psl Upsilon fraternity,
and of the American Political Science
association. He belongs to the Met
ropolitan, Chevy Chase and Black
River Valley clubs. : . "U
Speaking before the alumni of his
alma mater Amherst college on
February: 24,' last, Counselor Lan
sing sounded a note .f of -warning re
garding -America's relations to the
war. He saw: .-vr-i."- -
' Yon- may think that I have Adopt
ed a too serious vein for an oc
casion of this sort,, but men of Am
herst, these are critical days for our
country -how ; critical only those who
are In intimate touch 'with affairs
can fully: realise..; It is a time for
serious thought, a time- for anxiety.
"It Is my duty as many of you
know,' to deal with - the questions of
international - law and - usage, which
are arising every day in . our rela
tions -.-with other countries, -v These
questions are of absorbing - Interest
and ' many, of - them are extremely
complex, because this" . war. 'in its
magnitude, and methods Is different
from all- the wars which - have gone
before. One can look .in vain for
precedents in many - esses. .
."This - great conflict ." bas Intro
dueed . the 'eubmarine, . the - aerpplane,
the wireless telegraph, and new
forms :- of explosives. - It has, ' made
mechanical . motive power . an : abso
lute necessity in military operations.
The 'old ' strategy of surprise : has
given place ; to mobility. The pe
troleum products, .essential to rapid
motion . In the air, on land and be
neath the sea, -are as necessary to -a
modern army and navy as arms and
uamanltion, New devices of com
munication - and. transportation are
used now for the 'first time ia war,
and new modes of' attack are; "em
ployed. , - - .
"The result Is that , neutral na
tions have had to meet a series of
problems -which nave never - been
solyed. . The ' liability of ; error, the
danger : of unintentional partiality.
and the ' constant:; complaint . Of one
or another of the belligerents make
the path of' neutrality rough and un
certain. When . the war began early
last August the 1 department of state,
amply equipped for Its work in time
of .pe&ce, was , forced. . to reorganise
immediately to meet tne new condi
tions and the enormous Increase of
its business. All at once the de
partment of state found itself the
diplomatic j clearing house ot the
world : as well as tlie banker " trans
portation agent and medium of com
munication for Americans : abroad."
A FEWSMILES
"Sorry not to htv beard your lec
ture last night,? said the loquacious
bore. : know 1
mined treat;
everybody says . it
was splendid.", -"I
wonder bow
they found out,"
said Mr. Frock
coat; "the lecture
you know, was
postponed."
"Some days ago," relates the ' wife
of a well known attorney, "I accom
panied my husband
on a business trip
to Cleveland. As we
ate our luncheon I
chanced to overhear
several traveling
men jesting : with
the colored waiter.
"JOeorge, travel
ing men always, say
Oeorge to a colored waiter), 'this bill
of fare has an item, chicken giblets
with biscuit, but we want to know
whether-there is more than one bis
cuit.' ' . r . -
"George examined the menu s card,
scratched his poll and finally ; an
swered: - -
'No, suh yo' don't git only One.
Da wo'd 'biscuit' is . singular gender.
So yo all don't get but one."
Letters From " the People
(Communications sent to The Journal . for
pabUcation in this department sboolA be writ
tec on only eoe side jf .he paper, sbuuld not
exceed S00 words la ;mgtti and moat be ac
companied by the name aad address of tbe
sender. If the writer does not desire to hare
the aaoae' published, he should so state.)
"Discussion is the rreatest of all reformer.
It tctioaallaes everything it touch. It robs
back on their reasonablenesa. It they hve no
reaaonableneas. it rutnlewtir crashes them oat
of existence and sets p its on conclusions
ia their ctead." Woodruw Wllaoa.
Disburses of Banking System.
Lents, June 14. To the Editor of
Tbe Journal According to a report
in The Journal of May 26, "the nation
al bank system (of the United States)
while working fairly well in ordinary
times, has Invariably been found want
ing in stringent times, entailing enor
mous and unnecessary losses and ex
penses to the public generally."
Tbe .banking business, being the one
that controls the working capital of
the people, has it Within its power to
Causa these stringent times, at pleas-'
ure. And at no time have the banker
hesitated to use that power when It
seemed to their best interest to do so.
It "is stated. In the article that at the
recent banquet of the Portland chapter
of the American Bankers, Governor
kains. of the San Francisco reserve
bank, "touched on the panics of 1873.
1884. ,1890, 1892 and 1907." But it
does not state that Governor Kains
mentioned the fact that in each in
stance, with tbe exception of 1907,
(when the president of the United
States illegally came to the rescue of
big illegal business) the banks brought
on the stringency because they feared
that ': the people were awakening to
their methods and. that their power
might be curtailed.
As it is at the present, so it always
bas been. They harp about the "elas
ticity" of money, but said elasticity,
as well as the money; must be strictly
under their control, so that the peo
ple, to whom the money rightfully be
longs, cannot get the use of it which
means a panic, atfd Incidentally a les
son to the voter who looks no farther
than immediate business, or a job,
which amounts to the same thing. .
- In the present case they began to
throw out a scare about "tight money"
as soon as they saw, that President
Wilson was a man determined to stand
firm for the principles that.he believes
to be right. And as a proof of their
duplicity, meetings were held all over
the' country antagonistic to the sup
port of a regional bank. However,
when they saw .that the better class
of newspapers, and the thinking 'pub
lic, were with the president, and after
the original bill had been modified to
suit them, or nearly so, they seeming
ly acquiesced and agreed - to make use
of the regional bank In case of neces
sity. . ,:uy; - :i ,. . . : . , ,:
On the face of it It would seem
that the necessity had arisen. Money
Is harder to get today than ever, be-
r ore not because
not because' the -rank and f ile !
of the people are afraid to embark In
legal enterprises, but because "the
banks will not let out what they ,now
have; regardless of the security of
fered. So to them there Is no need of
calling on the - reserve panks. It
doesn't require a Philadelphia lawyer's
IIP ihwvi - J
power of discernment to see that their . otir public school system. Special
scheme Is to discredit the adminlstra- privilege fought the government post
tion in the eyes Of the voters. -age stamp. And again-special plvi
Either the people as a whole seem lege fought the parcel post. Special
to be what the - bankers take themJ privilege will fight to the last ditch
for, a class of unthinking muts, or else j toi retain the position of broker of the
we have arrived as nearly as poslble people's money, this,, being the: one
at a perfect banking system; and must ! great thing that - creates the special
continue to periodically have "finan
cuu stringencies,'- v "tight money."
"bard times', and the rest , of their
concomitant evils - colossal - fortunes
and -arrogance- on the one band, and
abject poverty and degradation on the
other. . .. . .
The constitution of ' the ' United
States gives the federal government.
only.; the right to coin money. If the!
federal government is empowered to i
coin money, what Is to binder the fed-i
eral government from going a .step
farther and disbursing the money di- (
rect to.the people T Let us allow
(hypothetlcally) that it -would require 1
the same number of men to do the i
work,, the same number of buiidinsal
the same , amount of furniture, etc., j
that is used today, one per can t -added
to the price that the banks pay the!
government now woui3 derray all ex
penses. A large percentage, however,
the useless part that draws the big
dividends, with many of the buildings
and much ' of the costly equipment,
would - be. eliminated. The - banks Dav
the government an - average of -about '
two per - cent. Add : one per cent to f
this for the work that -the present !
bankers hire -done, another one perj
cent as a sinking fund, and still the-,
borrower -could get the money ; direct
from the government at four per cent. .
neing aoout one-half or the average
Interest paid today., and on exactly the
same security. The same system that
gives us the right to take our . pennies
and buy postage stamps should also
PERTINENT COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF
SMALL CHANGE
. Bunions are nobby things in shoes.
.
It's' a poor elevator that won't work
both ways. -
T A babe in arms is worth two armed
with ? toy pistols. -
Many an illiterate man is able to
make his dollar mark. .
' Hope may .bud - when it Ms cloudy",
but it blooms only in sunshine, i
-y.;:: V';r:" .::.;'-i--":s.'-.: i-.-fi&-fei.
Some men are so forgetful that they
even fail to remember the poor.
- ...-V :.-;:
When a i man becomes a chronic
loafer he begin to prey upon . his
neighbors.- ' - i -
Every time you avoid doing wrong
you r increase your inclination to do
right..:,"1 ,
Words resemble sunbeams the more
they fire - condensed the deeper they
burn.. ,-. ., .. .-. - .
.,.
' Some' men are never too busy to ar
guft a point that they know nothing
abOUt.' v.--'..,
, - .
Another disagreeable thing about the
Weather people are always wanting
to' talk about it.
When a -young man marries.' his
mother always feels sorry for him
and his sisters feel sorry for bis wire.
. -V . . ....... . . ' . v
A . nonentity is a man who "has to
tell people who the girl was that he
married before they are able to recol.
lect him.
Probably there is nothing quite so
pure as the motive of a man who
lends mony to' another when he Is
morally certain he will "never get it
back. -
NATIONAL
- f- .." By Oakes.
Under the law President Wilson has
30 days in which to fill tbe vacancy
In his cabinet occasioned by the resig
nation of Mr. Bryan as secretary of
state. Although as yet be has given
no sign as to his probable choice , the
logical assumption is that he will re
tain Robert .Lansing, now acting ad
interim as his premier. : ' . - :v
t Other names have been mentioned
in connection with the appointment,
but for knowledge of International law
and international conventions Mr. Lan
sing excels all of them in qualif lca-
tiOnS. ;-: ' ; , ' .I;-- ,:- :i-:-v - . '
He has represented ' - the United
States in more international arbitra
tions than any other living American."
He has appeared before international
tribunals more frequently than any
other living lawyer. v
But instead of going outside for a
secretary of state it is suggested that
Mr. Wilson advance one of the mem-
bers of his present cabinet, and Secre-
taries Lane, Garrison, Houston "and
McAdoo are mentioned In this connec
tion. --.':';.,:'--:. .
In case of demand for a bipartisan
cabinet attention is drawn ' to Elihu
Boot and Philander. C. ' Knox, both of
Whom served as head of the state de
partment under Republican adminis
trations. ' ., , ;"'-.
Tbe qualifications of John ' Bassett
Moore, .late counsellor of tbe depart
ment, are unquestioned, but inasmuch
as he withdrew because of inability
to 'get -along with Secretary Bryan,
such an appointment . would undoubt
edly be considered a personal Insult
by friends of the latter.
Richard Olney name bas been men
tioned but his advanced age and the
fact that he turned down an ambassa-
i dorship only recently.
remove him
i from serious consideration.
A. Mitchell ; Palmer is another foe.
wbom a cabinet place bas been sought.
It Is said, for some time, and it Is
possible In event of the promotion of
one already In the cabinet Mr. Palmer
would get the position made vacant
by the advancement. -; ?:-
If it should happen that President
Wilson should look to the diplomatic
corps for a secretary. Ambassador Page
TEACHING THRIFT
. By John's. Oskinson.
. The. enlightened director-of a New
Tork orphanage was explaining the
system under which . the colony of
orphaned . children in; bis' charge is
managed. Touching on bis plan for
inculcating thrift, be n said. , in substance,-
, ' - .
: We keep our children in cottages;
a family of about -.20, -of. all ages.
In each cottage under the direct care
of a mother.' .That cottage is made
in a most real sense' their home and
we- have cottage,, mothers' who ; have
more than a perfunctory interest in
their 'children.'.. ? - -
; 'When the boy or girl reaches the
age of 14 he or she Is put to doing
some work during the hours spared
from study which Is paid for. The
work they do is such that the manage
ment would have to pay for, anyway,
and the children are paid at the pre
vailing rates for such work. They
must turn out-work which is up to
the standard.
"For the boys It may be janitor
service; for the girls . dressmaking or
cooking.
riva the rteht to take our collateral
and secure with - it the use of money.
The stamping of one is as much a
government function as the other, and
should be used as well for: the benefit
of : the whole people. " -
Special privilege, entrenched behind
the law of master and servant. lougot
privileged elass. But it seems that
INDEX OF ADVANCING
' TIDE OF PROSPERITY
From the New York Evening Post.
Since May 31 '. the .orders for
material being turned out by the
United States ; Steel 'Corporation
have Increased "rapidly; the esti-.
.mate was ventured this after
noon that in the 11 elapsed days
of June 100.000 tons have been
t added to the. May 31 total of.
; 4.264,000 tons of unfilled orders.
This probably - is an exaggera-
! tion. ' rt is calculated that out
put of. the " corporation plants
j is -now 38,000 tons a r day, or
four-fifths of full srcapaclty. .
Lately - incoming Orders -were be-
J ; tween - 37,000 - ;and . 40.000 tons;
: this week "Orders have come in so
f fast that according to Pittsburg
reports, the heads of various
plants of : the v corporation ; have
, been in conference nightly until
,: t o'clock to go over the orders
that were coming-in. ; The full
; productive capacity of the Steel
- Corporation "plants' is 45,060 -tons
daily, and orders coming In are
said - to have been equal-, to fully
that rate.
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
ThaMedferd, Sun states that the
local clutpter of . the Can't Do it club
had figured on a rest this summer, but
development j and progress-mad, citi
sens threaten to agitate a beet sugar
factory.
, ' ! - ,
-'powder 'river "valley roads, says
the Baker Democrat, "are a delight to
travel over by auto, and improvements
are still going on. The good roads
policy of he county court is com
mended by all."
The emblem of the ; Albany Pheasants-
will be: a pheasant cock embroi
dered in silk and fastened to the left
sleeve -of the coats. The club will
make - its first appearance away- from
home at Salem during the celebration
of July 2 and 3. , .
The Clatsop county court wants to
remove the r Scotch broom along the
Clatsop Plains road. Protesting, : the
Astoria. Budget asks: "Why this de
struction ofT a plant that lends so
much charm to th peoplo - who drive
along that way? The Scotch broom is
an asset to the community."
v ".pr''..;vi- .r -.-;."V-''':
Happy "homecoming chronicled In
the Drewaey lion per Sun: "Hoy ' I
Beede. eldest son of the editor of this
glorious sheet, returned home Tues
day from his first term at th O. A.
C. at Corvallls. He says the smell of
the sagebrush is very sweet to his
nostrils, and the old home still holds
its charm tot him." t .:.
r.- :-ys ' 0' ' .'- .
Canyon City Kagle: The restless
homesteader is now passing to and
fro from Harney county. One day the
old camp outfit, covered :wa.gOTv foot
sore horses.; kids, doss and milch cow
pass' through town. -and the next day
I another ehip of the western prairie
passes in the opposite direction. - They
are all apparently hunting for a little
preen spot that they call ' Home, Sweet
Home." .,! -
POLITICS
would very likely be the choice. And
some consider Colonel K. ,M, House,
of Texas, President Wilson's personal
adviser, . to . be a possibility.' -
In manyJ quarters Mr. Lane is re
garded as ineligible for the premier
ship.: as he was born ;ln Canada and
so could not succeed to the presidency,
in the event of the death of the presi
dent and the vice 'president.-
McAdoo is" a business man and not
a statesman and neither Garrison nor
Houston isl well enough off to afford
the place, which costs the incumbent
many thousands each year in addition
to bis stipend from the government.
These' considerations entering into
the appointment work back In a circle
to Mr. Lansing. Everything is In his
favor for the post.
. ! :-.. j -v- ...'-!.
Friends Of Colonel Louis j. WorVb
tm, editor of the Fort Worth (Texas)
Star-Telegram, are booming him for
the United States senate. Colonel
Wortham is a well " known figure in
Texas politics and is now a member
of the Texas bouse of representatives.
.., :-, v y L y t- :J;..,:-;tv;v :;:' .
- Indiana editors have begun a cam
paign to bring ' the 1918 Democratic
national convention to Chicago. -
' The Massachusetts legislature ad
journed several weeks ago after mak
ing a -record for enacting a remarka
bly small number of laws and putting
some measure on tbe statute books
that- put: the state's -reputation for
staid conservatism to the blush. The
three ' most radical measures passed
were amendments to the constitution
to be voted upon by the people pro
viding for woman suffrage, taxing - of
incomes, and granting power to the
general court to take land for! the re
lieving of congestion -of population In
cities and- to provide homes for the
people. -Among the minor enactments
were many social welfare . statutes,
and one; particularly that is attracting
attention makes compulsory the sup
port of destitute "parents by their
children. -
:. f u ' , .
Senator Sutherland, of Utah, bas an
nounced his candidacy to succeed him
self. He has been in the senate since
1905. - . -
IN AN ORPHANAGE
nVhat each child earns is credited
to him;-he can draw it and spend it.
But wev make certain, restrictions. For
Instance: ;
"No child Is allowed to draw and
spend all of his earnings. A certain
proportion must be set aside for a
Havings: fund, v- and another fraction
must be reserved for ; giving to good
causes.n For example, our children
nave educated a boy who wanted to
go- to a preparatory achool and to col'
lege.. , ' i-:'.y - .:. ' - yy :: - .
. "Since I have known the institution
a number of boys and girls have gone
out to enter college. ,, Some have grad
uated; they Come back to us in their
college vacations, using their old
rooms and working for us. - -
"We i insist that our Children learn
the value of money what its getting
costs, what the power of ; savings: is.
and what. can -be done by wise giving.
We have demonstrated that they learn
easily, and apply- their knowledge."
If only American parents - generally
were competent- to teach practical
thrift in the same convnonsense way 1
the 'next-step In the evolution of
government of, for and by the people
must he to entirely take over the func
tion of banking. Nothing short of a
complete obliteration of the present
basking System, and the establishing,
in Its stead of banks for the people's
use, will bring about the result that
999 out Of every 1000 citizens want,
and have i not got. : namely, economic
independence. . f JOB LINSKY.
S i Praemysl (ontrued.
V' Salem. .Or July 1 6. To the Editor
of The Journal There appeared i in
Sunday's Journal - a .new version of
how - to pronounce the ; word "Prse
mysl," ; submitted - by J. F. Archibald.
As I ,was born in Austria and have
spent Considerable ' time in Galicia. I
feel myself justified in correcting the
version given by. Mr. Archibald. . It
positively- Is not 'Premmel"; neither
Is It Puh-chemisel."v It is . "P-rshe-mysl."
iwith the accent; on the "rshe"
There , Is" not : a "Puh" to It, buf by
all means sa "P. The "r" in the
"rshe" sho'uld be pronounced short an?
hard, followed quickly by the "she."
It : seems i to me that Mr. Archibald
received the Information from a German-officer,
who evidently did not
know how to pronounce the name correctly.-
j The difficulty lie in , pro
nouncing the "rx," for which there is
no equivalent in Kngtish. "Rx." to
gether i with "ex," "dz," etc.; takes a
separate place in the Polish alphabet
besides the c, d and r. "Rs" and the
rest- have each a - special sound ' and
are never pronounced each letter sep
arately.' Though there are two letters
In "rx,'' "cs etc. one never hears two,
but only oAe. - ' .
. - ' . ONE WHO KNOWS".
' Cause for Thankfulness.
From the Columbus, Ohio, Journal. -Thank
heaven the movemerit for the
equality; of the : sexes hasn't yet
reached the point where the men folks
are expected -o wear something that
will reduce the hips from three to six
inches.' , f ,
w 'tat.TSt ."LJ jf "T "t
OREGON COUNTilY y 1
Ut ABLT PATS"
By Fn4 ieekley. Special IUX1 Wrltat
.'- The taamL
A few days ago I was sitting on .
bench across the street from the post.
office at Lebanon, waiting for the
stage to Cascadla. A little, old, gray
haired man with chin whiskers tamo
along with a new ax over his shoulder.
He looked at my black felt siouch hat,
my black cotton cITirt, my gray suit,
and said: "Are you much of a hand
with an ax? 1 wanto find some W
strong fellow about your size to sIukq
some timber and work up some cord
wood.' I moved over to make room on the
bench and he eat down bexide tne an4
we looked at his ax together and dis
cussed' the merits of second growiU
hickory as compared with oak and eu
as material for ax handles and of.tha
iron wedge in place of the wooden cue
to keep the bead from flying olf.
When We had exhausted the sub
ject of axes he .said. "My name ie
Silas WiUiarns. Whiit mlht yours buT
"I am the pastor of the church of
the Primitive Baptists at Tailman," 1
continued. "1 have preached in that
one church for the last 86 years. I
have 'been living around this neigh
borhood - ever since 18S2. I havn
settled, down considerable since 1 was
a young fellow soldiering in the sec
ond regiment of Oregon mounted vol
unteers back in 55-'56. In those days
I saw the elephant and, to tell yon
all the truth, 1 guess I chewed his tall
some, but along after tbe war a spell
I felt the call and started to exhort
ing. C H. Matoon and I used to exhort
together. He was a powerful preacher,
full of fire and force.
"I was born in Missouri on Septem
ber 24, 1884. 1 started for Oregon in
tbe spring of '62 when I was 18 years
old. I didn't have anything in MU
sourl and I had less when I got to
OregonT I walked across the plains
prodding a bull team. My shoes bad
played out and my, feet were on the
ground; my clothes had mostly quit
me and my bolly and ray backbone
were mighty near neighbors. I stopped
whenever a farmer would give me a
few days' work splitting rails. t
settled in the forks of the Santl&m
four or five miles from Hclo in the
winter of '52. I married Sarah Short
upwards of 60 years ago.
"I'll tell you how I came to plk
out the Primitive Baptists for my
brand of religion. You see, -they don't
take any stock in Infant damnation,
like the old ' style Hue Presbyterian
used to; they aren't so shouting a
the old style Methodists. We believe
in predestination, election, epectalr
atonement, effectual calling and Im
mersion, .all logical and reasonable
doctrines. Now I'll tell you about the
special atonement It's like thls-i-"
Just atUhls instant- the stage swung
UjlP the. edge of the walk and I had'
to go wtthout learning more of the
doctrines1 of the Primitive Baptists.
The next day I was riding with an
other pioneer of 1863 and tbe subject
of early day preachers, doctors and
lawyers came up.
: "As a rule, moBt of tbe immigrants
to Oregon were God-fearing and law
abiding people," he said. "They didn't
feel any pressing need of lawyers and
they often settled matters lndlepute
much more promptly,, with less ex
pense and with more exact justice
than tbe courts do today. I remem-
oer one u.y m me summer ox ioo-,
we were winding along through tho
beat and the dust when from the top
of tt rolllnpr hill nr auir a mfinrm fir
more of wagons stopped a mile or so
ahead.- Possibly there were 25 wagon;
hptw..n nite. nt-ftn nnf th rrmm of
wagons, that had stopped. We caw
wagon . after wagon join the group.
We - hurried forward. I will never
forget how shocked I was when our
wagon had stopped and I hnd pressed
my way forward to where the "crowd
was gathered to see a young fellow
kicking and struggling In tbe air with
a rope around his neclt The upper
end of, tbe rope was fastened to two
wagon tongues that had been raised
and lashed together. We had gotteu
there just in time to see him hanged.
They had stopped to try him for mur
der. The jury had sentenced him to
be hanged at once.
s0ne of the party he Was with said,
in answer to our question: Two young
fellows in our train were great friends.
They fell in love with the same girl.
For - a while - she wouldn't make her
choice. Meanwhile the two former
friends became ' bitter enemies. She
finally picked out the one she wanted.
The rejected lover picked a fight wlta
his successful rival and got licked. The
one who had won the girl made peace
with his former comrade and" every
thing seemed to be berene. A day or
two after tbey had renewed their
friendship they went out antelope hunt
ing : together. Only one came back.
He said his friend, the accepted "lover
of tbe girl, had started for camp at
hour before he did and probably had
gotten lost or had been killed by the
Indians. He didn't come in at all
that night A couple of bis friends
went back and struck his track. They
followed it until another track joined
it and within a few hundred yard
they found his dead body with tw
bullet holes: in his back. They fol
lowed the footsteps that left Ut dead
bodv until they joined the train. Tha
t-ejected suitor was accused of tfi
murder. He denied it. A, Jury was se
lected He, was found guilty. Two
.wagons were run together, their wheels
blocked; their tongues raised, a rope
fastened to the tongue and put around,
the condemned man's neck. He wa
told he could say a few words. 113
said. "I killed Tilm. Go ahead with the
hanging.
"Nowadays they would spend thou
sands of dollars on a sanity commis
sion and court costs besides weeks or
time selecting: a Jury and then, nine
chances to one, they would turn him
loose on a technicality. .'Back there
in '63 the girl was wooed and won. one
lover was killed and burled and the
other tried, condemned and hanged In
the time- it would take to select a Jury
nowadays."' '"
"So Great Stan t.
From the New York Globe.
James See old man Bullion eating
pie with a knife! -
John That s nothing. Anybody ran
with practice.
The Sunday Journal
The Great Home Newspaper
consists of
Four new section replete with
Illustrated features.
, Illustrated magazine of quality.
Woman's , pages of rare .merit.
Pictorial news supplement..
Superb comic section:
5 Cents the Copy
."The Biggest 5-Cents'. Wcn'i
in Type,"