THE OREGON DAILY - JOURNAL PORTLAND,. WEDNESDAY. JUNE 1G. 1915.
THE JOURNAL
AS rSPEPENPKNT yBWBPAPEB,
C. 8. JrACKS0W.ik........i..-.4....P0blllr
t'nbllabed every evening except Sunday) sod
. : every Sunday morning at The Journal Boild-lr-g,
Brow d w ay and Yamhill at., Portland. Or.
Entered at Uie pestofflce at Portland. Or., for
j transmission Urvujih the mail second
! matt. ---
TELEPHONE Main T173; Home. A-O051. All
department re acta vd by these numbers. Toll
the operator what dpartnwnt yon want.-
FO REIGN ABTEBTISINQ BEPBESEXTATIVE
BnjiDlD Kinunr Co.. Bruiiswlcle Bid-,
224 Fifth Are. New Yarkf 121. Peopls-'s
Gas- BIrtg-., Chicago. . . . . -
Strbscrlptlon term by mall or - to aay ad
stress la the Cnlted States r Mexico; , !
- ,. - DAII.T - '- - f
One year.. 85.001 On month...,.'.. -60
-.- , SCNDAT
One year ....... $2.00 1 Om month....... -23
- XO.ILY AND SCNDA1T.
One year....... $7.60 On month .8 .65
When a '.' man - is sincerely ;
"penitent for his misdeeds, and',
rles satisfactory evidence of .
the same, he can safely be !
pardened. Lincoln, '
v.. ::V:7 :::- - :.-.- ::' r; -.'
its-
TUB PRESS AND THE NOTE
HERE is strong approval - by
the newspapers of: the coun
try of President - Wilson's
latest - note to - Germany.
; w"herever there Is disposition not
to give complete "approval . It is
-son the ground that the statement
lis not sufficiently warlike, a fault,
fif It be a. fault, that, meets with
-unbounded approval among the
people. -
I Most of the papers express sur
prise that Mr. Bryan should'liave
made the note the pretext for re
tlrement from- the cabinet and -that
f he should 'have based his resigna
tion on the ground that the tone
was -too aggressive. - - '
i The tNew- York World says the
, note ; "could hardly have been
I made more moderate and re
strained,", and the New York Her
f aid ".concludes that .the note "on
f every point is' firm dnd, while
i time,, is given for further, discus-it-Ion.
it is perfectly evident that
1 Germany must comply with the
I request of the" United States or
J cease to be - regarded as anything
f but an enemy of the United States
jand mankind."
I The .New York Sun says:
More than-ever patriotic ..Americans
.must.- admire the. constructive skill
representative, the administration or
President Wilson, has marshalled the
precepts of law and' the. forces of
moral sentiment for the convincing
of- a great and hitherto always
riendiy power that Justice is with
us and that the right course Is Ger-
"many's best course. "
: The New York Tribune remarks
' that the note "opens the doors to
discussion," and directs its efforts
mainly to an attack upon Mr. Bry
an, v The New York Journal of
Commerce says : ' . . . -
; Our government's note to Germany
in reply to Its communication .of Hay
28 is little - more than a ..courteous
. but 'forcible--.. and firm, reiteration of.:
' that . to which the German otmnu-
nication ;waa a ..response. But - with
x reference to the assumption that the
Lusltanla was In any : sense an auxil
1 lary British cruiser or vessel - of war
it makes a specific but dignified deV
nial. - -
The New York Press Bays ','Pres
ldent Wilson's note of yesterday
is sound, firm and all that any
body could ask it to be" .and that
"its Excellence calls for praise."
The New York Staata-Zeitung
says "apparently Washington is
not inclined, to be pessimistic, and
. believes there is ground for the
German government to be inclined
- to consider the high ideals by
which President Wilson allowed
: himself to be guided in drawing
up his note."
; ? The Buffalo Courier says "if
there is anything surprising in con
nection with, the note, it is Mr.
Bryan's refusal to sign it after he
- had signed the note of May 13. It
- is simply a friendly bat firm re
',. statement of the case by the United
States.- It adds that it "is won-
' derf ully strong because of its mod
, eratlon, because of Its respect -"for
"v-the intelligence of thinking persons
- in this and all other countries."
' The Chicago Herald says:"
: Entirely courteous . but entirely . firm
' is the phrase that most : aptly de
' . scribes this memorable state paper
- Which demolishes every contention of
-the kaiser s. government - and v should
be .'read carefully by every American
ltlsen.
The fstifre of our relations with
Germany depends upon the German
, : government and whether it . can or
win understand the temper and reso
. lutlon . of the American people, who
will approve' with practical unanim
ity President Wilson's .admirable state
The SL Louis Globe-Democrat
says "there , b no vwavihg of flags
or Deaang or drums :lnthia note;
there are Jno -threats " and no ex
press demands: but there is in it
- a quiet determination that the fun
damenf al principle of the Ameri
can "position shall, be recognized
, and conceded without further dip-
. .. . luucci-rresa says
"without - the ; slightest feeling of
belligerency and with the earnest
hope ?: that the differences with
. Germany may be composed to the
satisfaction , of - both nations; the
American s public- will ; framA iha
. re'joicingi of President Wilson with
" their fervid fadmiration and re-
' member what Mr. Bryan says with
pity and astonishment." v
.The Philadelphia Enquirer char-
- acterizes the note as "conservative"
, and ; adds that it is conservative
"only in word construction, for
the insistence that American : lives
and . American ships shall be . safe-
7 guarded is there.,
. The Boston Herald' says: :,
The note repeats with -dignified and
unmistakable ' emphasis what was said
In the first note, but it. certainly does
. not go : far enough beyond .that to
--nt any -feelings- that-, this conn
try is hurrying "into ; war with Ger
many. ..----,.... - - - '
President ' Wilson is right, as he
was in the t first. .The country will
stand behind him.
"The- presitfent bases the Ameri
can demands upon the firmest pos
sible, grounds the rights of ; non
combatants al sea," says the Ban
gor, Maine, ' News, and . the Scran
ton Republican; after - declaring
(jhat the note ranks "as one of the
great state " papers - of -, history,1
adds: "- - ''
Th rejoiader throughout Is a "fit
ting . supplement to President Wil
son's first note to "the German' gov
ernment. - i ? . ' ,. - "
f It is clear in statement, firm in
tone, courteous of phrase, and xuuy
Justifies the great confidence the
American ' people,, have placed in' the
nation's chief executive in this crisis.
.The Springfield, ' Mass., Repub
lican says "President Wilson's re
joinder to the German note of May
28 Is one that 99 at least out of
every 100 American citizens would
be proud-to 'Sign," and the Wash
ington . Post 4 concludes: - -'.
The willingness of the tlnited
States - to : use its good- offices ,in aid
ing Germany and : Great Britairi . tn
coming to n understanding by which
the character of tie war on sea inay
be changed is a distinctly friendly
overture-which Germany should, iand
doubtless - will appreciate. 1 r-i
The - Toledo, Ohio, Times says
"the message Is simply the pur
pose of - a patient man, a great
man who is following the dictates
of a conrcience that stands for the
rights of humanity," and the In
dianapolis Star , says "it suits all
but fire-eaters"
The Boston Globe says:
President S Wilson's note to Germa
ny is reasonable in Its demands, lofty
in its objects, dispassionate in its
language 1 and unanswerable in its
logic. r Mr. Wilson squarely meets
his great responsibility in upholding
the cause of those nations . now at
peace daring : this staggering assault
at the foundations of our civilization.
i It Is almost incredible that a
note ,ould have been framed in
such a crisis to bring out such uni
versal : commendation. It almost
seems as if the people of this na
tion ' were providentially guided in
1912 ' in making-their selection of
a chief magistrate who was to face
the tremendous - responsibilities
and complications incident to the
great convulsion that was shortly
thereafter to burst upon the world.
THE WAR SCARE
ETTER military and naval
preparedness on the part
of the' United States' was
urged In New York, Mon
day night, at a mass meeting under
the auspices .of the "National Se
curity League."
The- world war and the - Ameri
can complications with the belr
liferents have given the hysterical,
the arms ; makers, and the .armor
plate manufacturers a great chance
to stampede the United States into
emulation ; of an old world pre
paredness for war that does 5 not
prevent war.' - Back . of. every war.
urging it, on, are . secret proms.
pelf, plunder and privilege.'
Thus, a Geman arms and ; muni
tion factory wrote its agents in
Paris a year . or tjwo ago as follows:
Get an article . into ' one or tne
most widely read French newspapers,
the Figaro if possible, to the follow
ing effect: -
"The French minister- of war has
decided to accelerate considerably the
provision- of new pattern - machine
guns and to order double the quan
tity at first intended." V.
"Mils publication of war prepara
tions -in France , was designed to
stimulate ; war sentiment and. war
preparations in .Germany, out of
which the German arms and muni
tion factory is now profiting. The
facts are recounted, in an article
by Frederick Howe on this page.
The profits and the pelf and tiie
plunder: behind war scares and' war
hysteria are made clear by ex
perience in this country. In 1893,
the American armor plate ring sold
armor plate to Russia for ".$240 a
ton, and at the same time- was
charging I the" United States, .gov
ernment $616 a ton. ' The armor
plate ring is strong for war prep
arations. ; It is a policy out of
which it profits. '
In 1913, the United States war
department, purchased shrapnel
from the ammunition ring at $25
each, while the government in its
own arsenal was making the same
article for $15. The .ammunition
ring is for war preparations. .It
is a policy 'from which it profits.
The same ring charges $7 for
fuses, which can be manufactured in
the government arsenal for $3. The
men who profit from-: these indus
tries are using newspapers and us
ing magazines for promoting a
propaganda for great armaments,
and that propaganda along with
the" world war - and its complica
tions is. responsible for such, meet
ings, as - that .at Carnegie hall, i
We should have powerfully forti
fied harbors, a plentiful supply of
efficient submarines and a reason
able navy. But there'' is no oc
casion for a stampede into militar
IsnXi Every, war fought - by the
United States . has . been a war of
defense, and every war that ever
will be fought by the United
States will . be a war of defense.
; What . Important nation is now
sufficiently disengaged to invade
us? With - all - the great military
powers "already staggering under
debts they can never pay, and with
some of them almost certainly fac
ing - revolutions ' at . home after this
war ends, what; belligerent . power
will ;.be ; in -position "' to attack us
within the next 20 jreara. "
With : resources certain of al
most complete t exhaustion before
this war endsr.,. with national life
la ; indescribable agony over the
terrific consequences of the present
struggle; what' . one - of the bel
ligerenls "would make war on 100',- eonal property valud' at $350 per
000,000 people in a land of - in- ; head,. conceded by Immigration' an
exhaustible resources T v. jthorities- to be a fair average,
v - 1 , - these 30,000 settlers took V 25.-
THE - BTTTTEI , BlYTn , 1500,000 Into Canada. They were
HE blight of the , war which I
T
scarea f money,
credit and laid a paralyxlng j
hand on lumber ; and other ;
industries In the United States baaoat o U8e by speculators . demand
relative effects on . many activities, lng - priCeg tnat Bettlers cannot
tne putter x inaustry . auiuug mcu. i
The uninformed seize upon con
dltions to declare that importations
of New Zealand ' and Australian
butter figure In the situation
The truth is that no Australian
or. New J Zealand butter -bas ap
peared in the Portland market for
nearly a year. ; On "the contrary,
both Australia" and New Zealand
have v been buying ; Oregon butter.
The . facts have a disastrous-per
fect upon - the arguments of those
who were formerly howling over
importations of butter-, from New
jsZealand and Australia- When but
ter from those countries- was being
actually - received in Oregon, the
price was about the same -. as it
was before importations ,; began.
More to the point, now when there
are.' no importations nd : when
those ' countries are ' actually buy
ing Pacific coast butter." the price
in Oregon Is slightly ,; lower.
The fact that prices in .Oregon
were slightly higher when New
Zealand butter was in this market
than they are when New Zealand
Is a buyer of; Oregon : butter is a
perfect disproof of the arguments
howled from the " nousetops In the
last political campaign. -
Some day the men : on ? the land
will come "to understand that the
rich manufacturers, trust magnates
and other shrewd manipulators all
reap profit front the prohibitive
tariffs, and that what: the farmers
get is, soup. -;
A BILLION BUSHELS
. t '
T
HE government crop reporting
board, ' basing i its figures on
conditions existing June 1, y
predicts a wheat yield of 950,-
000,000 bushels. A billion bushel
crop is possible,, in view of the
fact that in 1912 the prospects In
creased 87,000,000 -bushels from
June 1 to harvest.
Th.e- :tatal, will... depend upon
weather conditions, but If only the
board's estimate : is f reached the
American -wheat ' yield : will be 50,-
000,000 bushels more ' than the
June.; 1914, estimate and 59,000,-
000 bushels more than the actual
yield last- year. . - It will be 274,-j
000,0.00 bushels more than tne, five
year average, meaning tnat this
one crop will boost the country's
wealth more than $300,000,000
over its usual accomplishment.
American farmers last fall sowed
the largest area - ever planted ' to
winter wheat, and this spTing 19,-
248.000! r were, sown . to , spring
wheat, exceeding last, year s area
by almost 2,000,000 acres. What j
the farmers are doing ? for the
country vis shown by; the board's
figures.
If the crop reaches 950,000,0.00
bushels, about 535,000,000 will
be needed for - home consumption
and 80,000,000 for seed, , leaving
335, 000,000 bushels for export at
war prices. 1 1f there lis a billion-
bushel yield the exportable surpliis
will be 385,000,000 bushels, and
there will be demand for it all. -
Of the 1914 crop i this country
was able to send to Europe, In the
10 months ".after "harvest, 157,0 0 0,-
000 more bushels than, a ; year be
fore, and SS.OOO.OO" more than in
any 1 previous season. Wheat, ex
ports increased $222,000,000, some
of the increase, , of course, peing
due to' higher prices.'
These figures show: the farmer's
importance to the ' nation. in
spite of" charges, that tie Is inef
ficient, he is proving to be tne
country's mainstay at a time when
our ' general export trade Is hard
hit. - v V- ' .
The poor little 17-year-old un
married mother. her mother and
all the 'others involved in the
death of . the infant are to he
pitied. In the agony - of their
shame.and.in their remorse over
the killing ' of the nameless babe,
it Is merciful. to them and the pub
lic to keep the curtain of oblivion
drawn -as closely as possible over
the bitter . facts.-- "?
' .: i -
A Portlander - who had several
drinks , with two1 strangers and
then : went joy 'riding .with them.
was taken to a secluded spot and
robbed of $47 by his newly found
friends. He got a bargain . in
his "experience. The ' warning . will
be of great future value, not only
to him,, but to all who read of the
episode. - v - ' - . "
Postmaster "General Burleson is
negotiating for the adoption of a
two-cent letter rate, between the
United States and its Latin-American,
neighbors. His purpose is to
promote " larger y business relations
between the two Americas, and'ueL ; Some -time some nation: will
yet we are constantly being told take the same position and ' insist
that the Wilson administration fs tbat tee fciiHng of thousands : of - men
intent-- upon . hampering business. I ttht wasting of hundreds of mil
T ' " -.: ' lions of dollars is too mediaeval an
Members ' of ; the i reorganized
British . cabinet, - with Premier As
quith excepted - by general -; consent,
have agreed to pool their: salaries
and divide the total : equally. Each
-will . get approximately $21,230,
which 14 . a very fair wage com
pared VTth what, the United States
pays "its cabinet officers. , ,
Since the outbreak of war, 30,
000 settlers from. the United States
have taken up homesteads in Can
ada. Allowing $500 cash and. per-
m0vement of ?25;500,000. to say
notiUng of the 30,000 settlers, any
meaning here in - Oregon, where
almost
payT.
A ; New. York woman suing for
divorce, f said she lost,. 18 "pounds
through the humiliation her hus
band caused her. She - would
never get a verdict on that count
from a jury of fat wqxnen. :
Oregon has captured ' the grand
prizes in both agricultural and hor
ticultural : . exhibits at ' San - - Fran
cisco. Of course. Anybody -who
knows .Oregon never expected them
to go to another- state. ?.
' It has, been suggested . that Mr.
Bryan might have asked that 'his
demand for arbitration be, submit
ted to a commission of arbitra
tion. . " .
;,Villa is supposed to be illiter
ate, but his letter - to Washington
bears evidence that he knows how
to hire a good writer. '. -
PRIVATE PLUNDER AS
THE ANIMUS OF WAR
(The New Xork TLmee, on Jane 9, pabllabed
the following article, written by Frederic C
Howe, United Btatea eotamlKtioner of tminl
gratlon. In the form of letter addressed to
the editor of the Times. 1
YOTJB editorial in the issue of
Tuesday. June S quoted from my
. speech at Seward Park correct
ly. - But it did not set out the rup-
porting facts ' and ' 'the "s conclusiona
which I think irresistibly follow from!
those facts. I .said that; j
"When men of eminence are urg-'
ing war oe preparationns for war .: it
is" neceasaxy .that ; we have all the"
facta before ue. including those that
are usually hidden. .
It is because I believe the real
causes 'of war and preparations for
war are hidden, Invislpla and subter
ranean and that they: should be known
that I beg to maker the following
statement: .
Wars '- axe . not ntaae by peoples.
They are maaa by raters and H privi
leged, classes. The present ' Bnropean
war is not a -peoples war. - The peo
ple Were not consulted. Germany:. is
ruled by the : Juaier class. The peo
ple have no voice in the government.
Russia and Austria are ruled by the
same feudal, caste. la "England, too,
however , democratio her tnatitntlons
may appear, it is th old arlstoozacy
that really - rules. . It .rules through
the house of - lords, and ; the 1 Tory
party; Jn the house or commons,
through Lombard street, the press
and the large Investing class fa the
Liberal party. V. - England's f oreign
ministers have "alajOst always " come
from the aristocracy.
And the class -that roles these war
ring countries is the class that owns
railroads, mining, ; oil and- landed eon-'
cessions all over the world. They
own billions of bonds in foreign coun
friesv and weak dependencies. The
foreign investments of 'England alone
are estimated at: twenty thousand
milIion: dollars. ; And it Is the bond
holders and concessionaires in the
orient, in, Africa, in Egypt, in South
America, and in Mexico that mold the
foreign policy, that urge; armaments,
and that j have kept Europe on the
verge of war from the time- when
England acquired - the shares of the
Suez canal. Which : was. the beginning
f her aggressive commercial foreign
policy. And the Bagdad railway inci
dent, the Persian incident, , and , the
Imbroglios in North. Africa were not"
peoples' quarrels; they were quarrels
of bondholders, . concessionaires, and
those, seeking spheres of tnfluenoe
f or . Commercial exploitation. . .
Xt Is nor "the American people who
urge - armed , intervention in ; Mexico.
It is thoee wbp own . railroads, mines,
and 'great- haciendas, which, accord
ing to a statement in the -New York
Times, are valued ' at -. twice the
amount of the property owned by the
Mexican people themselves.
.- When th' people verge war nd
greater armaments . we .have a right
to know : all these facts-; and from
our experience with commercial wars
during -the last century we hae a
right .to insist that all the -cards
shall be orr the table.
i It is not . for these reasons - alone
that I favor no war except for "na
tional defense. The killing of men
never settled anything either in pri
vate : or - public disputes. National
dignity - cannot- be elevated or na
tional honor vindicated by war, no
matter 1f the offended " nation -should
kill a great ."many more men- than the
offender. I. belleye . it Is literally
true that a nation, can be "too' proud
to fight, too secure In its own po
sition to accept the blood feud as a
means for settling disputes. At some
time or other some - man was cour
ageous enough, to decline to : fight a
arbltrament ifor 'it - to : accept, ' even
though, private property 'or individu
als may "suffer at the hands of some
offending nation. J We do cot permit
a drunken bully 1 or . ; an ' tmclviljzed
savage, tb establish the rules of per
sonal dealings; and s a nation big
and as strong as our own should have
the courage ta jsay that . it will, not
permit some - other nation with -the
standards of an r earlier age to force
upon us its ideas of 1 international
controversy. Rather we should de
clare that we will .adopt some means
of settlement that does' not' harm us
equally in our attempt' to-harm an-'
other.' ' . - ' ... : ., ..... ' .,' '
t ..-t : '
" I .stated further in my speech .that
there ."should be no profit in war" or
suspicion" 'that - some men were mak
ing money while other men were giv
ing up their- Uvea and that the gov
ernment should take . control of ; all
munition works and the manufacture
of . all war supplies.' It would be a
horrible travesty . for one" grpjap of
men to swell . their - fortunes while
another group gave up their lives tor
the safety - of the state. Especially
is . this true when those at the front
sacrifice not 'only themselves . but
their wives and . children they ; have
left' at home. War should call for
universal sacrifice.
I believe further -"that - the govern
ment should produce all its munitions
during times of peace as well as . war.
There , should be no private interests
permitted" in this field to , whose ad
vantage it- Is to urge, armaments, a
greater navy, a larger army. So eri
ous and - so sacred a matter as war
and -1 the - sacrifice ot human lives
which It entails should at all Umes
be free from even, the suspicion . that
some, men are promoting preparation
for war for "their own private In
terest. ' X am not raising a bogy in this.
The public records Of, England, Ger
many and France '.are .filled ' with
proof of ""accelerated public" opinion"
for. armaments. ; The British arms
trust has subsidiary companies in
Italy Spain, Portugal and, Japan. The
Bethlehem steel plant , in . Pennsylva
nia, the Creasot in France, and the
Essen and Dlllengen works . ; la Ger-
many "have International connections."
The Harvey Steel ""company ; was : an
international organization f or 'prepar-i
atlon tor war. The - German : Arms
and Munition factory" ' wrote . to it
agents In Paris a - year, or two ago:
;"Qet ah farticle into one - of "the
most widely " read French newspapers,
the Figaro, . if possible,: to, the " fol
lowing effect: -
" The French minister' of - war has
decided to accelerate considerably the
provision .- of .. new - pattern machine
guns, and to order double the quan
tity at first intended.!.. . - .
This was designed to stimulate war
sentiment in Germany. The German
arms "industry employed special
agents to corrupt military and naval Gurney "the Billy ; Sunday of " Ne
officers, and government documents j braskal" It was plain, country finan
of the-, most confidential charact
were passed ; into the hands of one- what. Mr. Gurney wondered, would
of the managers of the Krupp work the founder of modern banking have
The scandal reached ' the reichstag, The borrower's note came
" . due, only a check for the interest had
where these agencies for the, promo- come .0r the borrower had appeared
tlon of militarism .. were exposea. 4- ne i
Congressional . Becord at . Washington t
contains 20 pages of closely printed
documentary and other . proof i of this
character, and.,' America herself did,
not escape In the indictment. :
Patriotism should be as . -' real a
thing in times of peace as " in' times
of war! In 1893 the American armot'
ringvsold armor to Russia for $ 440 .
a ton and af the same time charged.:
the United SUtes $! a ton..,? In
191$ the war department purchased
shrapnel from the ammunition ring
at. $25 each, while the government
In its own arsenal was manufactur
ing " the same article for $15, The
ring- charged $7 for Sl-secopd combi,
nation fuses which can be .manu
factured in the government i arsenal
for., $3. Here is where a large part
of the $250,000,006 appropriated an
nually by congress for war and navy
purposes goes. These instances, might
be multiplied indefinitely. They Jus
tify' the suspicion " that the agita
tion, for further armament Is not
wholly disinterested. - -
j ' -i . - ..... v -
I further said that . I would 'collect
war taxes from incomes Inheritances,
land values, and from monopoly, and
not shift the cost of war onto the
backs of the poor, where ' our federal
taxes now fall. I believ that, war
1 only possible because governments
collect - their1; revenues by : Indirect
taxes which are not-seen by th peo
ple, and which are paid moat largely
by 'the 'poor. For 50 years the poor
of America -have been paying , for the
"direct and Indirect costs of ' the Civil
wax. Up to the recently imposed in
come tax, wealth and property were
practically immnrve In that time
the government collected probably
2f),0OC,00O.vw0 in taxes upon the pec-
pie's
necessi ties. '. The same is true
in Europe today. ':- U is the ability
Of g-overm-nents , to ptuck - the goose
rftn makinK It CTT Otrt" that
a ,,
makes war
it financial costs. Only ainee;rthe
Its financial costs.
recent -Liberal : ministry has been n
power, in England has an attempt
been made to tax the lands and privi
leges of the ruling aristocracy.
'J:. Wealth Should not ' complain If the
sacrifice demanded for the nation's
safety ; is made .to -fall on all alike.
Certainly he who - stays v at ; kdroe
ahould "i. be . willing - to sacrifice iln
money as generously as he who. goes
to the front sacrifices In life., ThatjOJ1 arises, which is the mother of the
is the ieast that can be demanded of j chicks." the : hot water-- bottle , oiy the
property. :- TJnder the mosft favored'-feather duster? ' ' ' "' ' - . Sa
condltions - labor : bears the eost of j - .
the war.' It bears it at' the front. - It J khe ' facts, .. which are a - matter of
bears it at heme. It bears it in thej record, that wars. have -been made by
direct and ,Jbdlrect taxes i- that - Con- ; jthe privileged ;. cla-wes, and not ; by
tinue for" generations , af tertbe warl tjlhe people themselves; that the priv
r : . - iheged classes are too often interested
And it is because - I Jbelieve .that in foreign ihvestmpnts to be protected
wars are made by classes and "privll- by-war, afldln the making of mu
eged Interests that I JnsUt- that inanitions at hoae; If these are' rpestif
a democracy. ' at least, ; people should ferous preachments," If . these involve
Vote" whether they want:" war 'or. not. fthe setting up of class distinction,"
And iit is because the", women suffer then-1 must plead guilty to the tn
along with the men that I insist that ! dictment of having presented , these
they too, should vote 'upon It, " It is
b'ecaUSe :. my ' patriotism " is affronted
at the '- thought of human - sacrifice
"being ' a- cause of private -profit that
I - urge government - ownership of mu
nition factories , and th taxation of
property rather than the necessities
of the poor.. And "if . a recognition of
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGE
It's useless to advertise ' for lost
faith. , . '
After a man has apologized .what
does it amount to?
- - A few hard cases are apt to" make
a lawyer case .: hardened.
He's a wise dentist who is able to
draw, his own conclusions..
Homemade advice Is just as satis
factory as any of the other brands.-
- A ' difference between husband and
wif- less -dangerous than indiffer
ence. - - - - - . -
, m
'Every girl thinks, she could play
the role of coquette all right it the
cared to. ' , '
No man will admit that he is half
as jealous or suspicious as he really
X man fsn't necessarily crooked be
cause he is -unable to keep his face
straight. , .-. -
In after years a man is apt to be
ashamed of the life he might - hare
led .but didn't.
.Sometimes a 'man makes enough
out of his regular business to keep a
losing side issue afloat.
But! .wen at that. What our neigh
bors think about us isn't apt to be
very far out or the way.
There are times when a man doesn't
think he is getting his money a
worth.' One is when he invests in a
monument. ,.
. --, - ...-.--.:-,:."
'1A man who falls at everything else
can" succeed in making a woman of
40 believe that she looks i-ounsr enough
to-be tripping off to the high school.
Even 'a real pretty girl , should learn
some userui occupation, isne may mar
ry a speed maniac and be called upon
to earn the living while he is laid up
in bed with a broken neck. -
PAYING A NOTE
i By John M. Oskison.
Mr. Gurney of the First National
bank of Fremont. Neb was talking to
a gathering of fellow bankers. '. .
"My brethren, the text which I have
chosen Is found in the twenty-third
chapter and the thirty-seventh verse
of the Book of Hard Knocks, and it
is,' 'And'they were called upon to pay.
up.
i "Verily. -1 say unto you, liquidation
is a noun, always proper, and, unfor
funately, only tolerably common. Now,
the best thing about a note is not the
rate of interest, nor yet the promise
to pay. What think ye, then, it is?
I -say unto you it. is the knowledge
that its redeemer - liveth. ; Get that,
you boobs in the back pews. 1
-i Ko wonder his f riends dubbed Mr.
A FEW SMILES
-j- Young Adolphus de Milyuns was out
driving his own :- car. He was a
scorcher and believed in going straight
ahead. It was in
the heart of ,Tork
snire. '
Suddently a ter
rific clucking -under
the wheels told him
some f accident -: had
happened. He pulled
up and glanced back.
Two fowls lay dead
tl
JP
in .his track,.; while another two were
fleeing, . screeching,' back to home -and
safety. :- - -t'.J.: ' -' v '-""l r-'v
t "Thafn : be 14 : shillings, please, re
marked a burly man in corduroys who
appeared on the - scene- promptly;
that's 3 and apiece for the' four."
V'Four!" gasped Adolphus.. 5 "But, I
only killed two."-.
) "That's .right, agreed the fowls'
owner, "but them other two will never
lay a blessed egg after this. "
"I'm jsorry." said the motorist,' as
he handed over the money. "IMio to
the-fright, I suppose." -
I The eountryman Shook his head M
he slammed the silver' into his pocket.
i "Partly fright,- he agreed - slowly,
"but mamly, 1 reckon, it's because
they ain't hens: .- , :; .
.j, '- -::"' -VV- - vk. -v,-
i "How did you get your clothes torn
and " v o u r fa c e
braisedr aske-d
the boy's father. ;
j fMy - condition,"?!
was the cautious
reply, ls the result
Of a - slide- to sec
ond' base,.".:--'
-But I. thought
rou - - were umpir
ing the game? '
- "I ' was. I said the boy who slid
didn't make i. - . '. -. -
t'vMageddo Arain a Battlefield.;
i From , the London Chronicle. ":
This amazing war tnrns even . our
jokes against us. Too remember the
gtory ef an old lady returning a wax
map as Imperfect- because- It, did not
show Armageddon. Today -the f. good
Creature would y, be within her rights.
for the Turks.: by concentrating near
Zejjum, in the neighborhood of Car-
' meL have brought Armageddon .within
- - . . . . vi
m last uwb . aat.w, t.., mm o-.-
ileved '.to have suggested to the Apo
calyptlc writer the name and scene of
the .world's last conflict between good
and evil. j "' " , '
r ' -. ; f '
. What's Your Guess?
. From the Toledo Blade. ?
t "A Minnesota man hatched a brood
of -chickens by placing the eggs' on a
Hots water- bottle and covering -them
with m. feather. duster." , Now the- oues-
facts." Wsr seems . to me . too mon
strous, a thing to be identified wjth
secrecy, with any suggestion, of "dol
lar -dlplomaey,r or th commitment of
a whole people to its ravages by any
group of people, whoever- they , may
be. who may be accidentally intrusted
with . power. . ".---- . .".-..'
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Knockinar the weather, the Mdford
Sun says: "Every cloud is a knock
for Irrigation, holding forth the promise-
of a rain, and giving naught out a
shower."-.- T .
The Marshfield Record boasts of a
newsboy. Wesley Fraxier,- who in less
t nan a . year of ' paper selling nas
banked t79, buys most of his own
clothing andto show he la no tight
wad, goes to at least one picture show
a. week. ... -, .
- . . j .; .. . r . " :-- . . . " N--
New attraction - for tourists, indi
cated in the Astoria Budget: "Within
another week Astoriahs will be able
to take a long street car ride around
Smith's point, where -a splendid view
can be had of the lower harbor. It
will be a good place to Invite visitors
to see the harbor." - -t
Coquille Sentinel: T. B. Campbell
Is going to build a bungalow on a five
acre tract on the hill east of- town
that be has just bought, that will be
as unique in Its way as is the Oregon
building-at the fair. He will use the
logs now on the land, fitting them to
gether., snugly and plastering the in
side, in constructing a genuine bunga
low log pabin. -
: " Baker- Herald: One benefit to the
city given: by the auto truck was
shown-, by a load of -passengers
brought here for the circus. Many
more people are now coming to Baker
than before because the auto truck
makes it possible for themto do so,
whereas, before the auto truck service
the railroad trip was too difficult and
Progress report, in -Bend Pres:
"Work on the railroad " spur, toypne
nw . mill is to beein today. W.
Oregon Trunk,.' is in charge of the
work witn a crew or zu men.- a tarser
forr-f will be -added as work: nro
rroHMPi. but there will be no use for
(outside laborers to come in expecting
to get ' work, as there is already a
large number nere, ana preference win
be given to local men.- .
WHEN IT IS DUE
to ask for an extension until the price
of .hogs got better? Or suppose the
borrower, on receiving a polite request
to pay up, had swaggerea in to snout:
"What fell's eatin' you; ain't my note
goodr . -
If Mr. Gurney wants an answer to
bis hypothetical questions, he has only
to - consult the financial history of
many of our railroads and big Indus
trial plants. He will find that paying
off notes when they fall due is almost
an extinct practice.
Instead," new notes are made; one
issue of : bonds Is paid off by putting
out - another--Just a little bigger than
the first. - v " -
- If the country is to be brought back
to a general appreciation of the sort
of thrift" which says that you ought to
pay! as yon - go, to borrow only when
sure of making a profit, on borrowed
money. -and : to pay . a note when it is
due, Mr. Gurney's work is cut out for
him! - .. - '. - - -. ' -: :
. On the whole, ' a farm mortgage in
vestment is about as satisfactory as
any in this country, and this is so be
cause ' as a rule farmers do pay off
their obligations when due.
Letters From the People
(Communications sent to "The - Xoarual for
publication la tbte department should be writ
ten, on only one side wf tbe paper, abonld not
exceed 300 words in ttagUi and must be ae
compaoled by the atau mn& address of the
sender.) If the writer, does not deslr to nave
tue urn published, be aboold so state.) .. .
' "DiaensFioii la the area test or all reformers.
It rctkmallaea every thine it ttmches.1 It roba
principles of all false lancttty and throws them
back ea their reasonableness. If they have no
reasonableness. It rnthlevaly crashes them ent
of existence and ats np its own eoBclustoos
In their etead." Woodrow Wilson.
In. I tl Bomest4rerB Country.
Portland, : June 14 To the Editor of
The Journal 1 received recently, from
Mrs, -. George Ilalladay, of Drain, Or,
in -response to a letter of Inquiry, a
letter of which the following is the
text: - .
; I hare just received your letter and
as my husband is not at home will try
to tell" you as nearly as possible. My
husband was down and looked over"; the
country: and likes it fine. We want to
go on our homestead in the last of
August or in September, t Several have
gonethere lately from here In Drain,
and all are well satisfied. You can go
from Mapelton through the country. It
Is 18 miles. Or you can go to Florence
and go ' along the coast to the light
house, which is called Heceta head.
Then inquire for the postoffice, and
they will tell you the way : to Mr.
Dole's, i We have a brother who rives
near Dole's, Ira B. Halladay. They
went in there this spring and have put
in garden, and live there. "Mr. Dole has
an awful namef but you don't want to
hear what is said, for all the big ranch
men are out with him for advertising
in the papers. - There Is a good road
along the coast within five miles of
Mr. Dole's.- They are .anxious to get
families in there. The land has been
held secret. I hope you will find my
information a little help."
And now, to all whom It may con
cern, I wish to say j that the. under
signed, after receiving the above letter
of Mrs. Halladay In regard to town
ship IS south, range 11 west, Willam
ette meridian, spent 10 days in that
township, accompanied by Dr. P. C.
Page of Portland, and thoroughly ex
amined : several sections-of said town
6hl$ r We found the land covered with
rich black soil of unknown depth.'' We
visited several farms and found them
in a, high state of cultivation. We see
no reason why this land can't all be
taken! for. agricultural purposes, as
there is little or no timber. .
E. A. TATLOR,
-j i " - : 1 770 East Davis S tree t
:-i if . . ;::--, -
"Norway and the War.
Portland. June 14. To the Editor of
The Journal--I have read the artlclein
the Sunday journal in which a N
weglas ) Jast r back from Norway sgys
his country is about to enter the war
on ' (he side pf the allies. Now I'm
getting! letters and papers from Nor
way every week and from what I see
in them Norway is not going to enter
the werNori eitber-jUde. When Norway
keeps ' her ships away -from England
she won't lose any more. .And the Nor
wegians have not -forgotten when Eng.
land starved Norway till tne people ate
bark bread. A man rowed to Denmark
after a barrel of wheat and he rowed
for three days, . His finger nails burst
from the strain. But an English cruiser
saw him-and sank his boat. - And Nor
way was not at , war . with . . England,
etther. Denmark bas - not forgotten
when-, England -stole her fleet, killed
330 people and shot down 804 houses
in Copenhagennd the Danes were not
at war with "anybody.
... A. M. KNAPP.
An Increase. -.
' ' i From Judge. .
- Nosh'- swung his arms warnlngly.
"Enoot Shoo!" he cried. "We don't allow-more
than a pair of one kind to
come aboard:" '
"We wern't more than a pair When
we-started up the gangplank," buzzed
the parental house flies.
-- "IS AEtT PATS'
By Tf-jd teoklay. Spaoial Wrttar (
: Jovntal.
Amos KJser, a pioneer of '6J. and a
Civil war veteran, lives at Newport.
Kecenuy, while-in Newport, 1 spent an!
evening at his home and he told me
of Newport's early history.
"My father, George Kiser. was a
native 'of Ohio and my mother, Sarati
Ann Kiser, hailed from Iowa." sail.
Mr. KJser. We started for Ore-ton in
the spring of 1853 when I was 8 years
oia. My grandfather, Amos Freil. and
his wife with their family started
with us, but we left them In shallow
graves by the sid of the road.
When my father and mother de
cided to come out) to Oregon my
mother' father and. mother said thev
would come along. My grandmother
wanted to be with my mother to hlp
her with her children. Sarah Jane, rtiy
sister, was Just a little tot and l'hoeba
Ann was a baby. My mother's two
younger sisters and her brother were
with their father and mother. All of
them died of the cholera. Grand
father and Grandmother Freil were
buried in the same grave and their
three children i died two days later.
This was at Ash Hollow. Scores .and
hundreds of shallow graves were to b
seen in 1853 at Ash Hollow. All alon,-
ne Platte new. graves were to be seen.
any of them -were so shallow the
coyotes had dug up the bodies. Very
tew or tne emigrants had , shovels.
When a person died some relative or
friend would loosen the earth for a
gravs,with the x and throw out the
dirt with a board. Frequently tho
end gate would do duty as a shovel.
Sometimes they would throw out the
dirt with a milk pan. Very few of the
graves were over three or four feet
deep.
'We were met at Portland by a man
named William Blackston, who was
looking for a family to go to work on
his farm located where ths Union
depot now is. He was clearing the
land for a farm and he - also ran a
shingle factory. The shingles were
really shakes and -were split out toy
band. He let us move into his lotr
cabin and stay there rent free. Ho
put father to work making shakos
and mother boarded Mr. Blackston and
his workmen. He paid ber the boani
for himself and his men, so father
and mother made good money thftt
winter. We had not been In his houso
more than a month or two when my
sister Clarlnda was born. I T,hie wu
December 13, 1852. In the spring ct
1863, my people went down the valley
and father took up 820 acres near
Philomath. That fall be traded it for
three oxen and two ox yokes, some ox
chains and a wagon. j .
"We went to Corvallis and late thnt
same year, 1853, father took up a half
section near where the town of Mon
roe was later located. -
"About three years after we took up
the place where George Starr startei
a store at what is now Monroe. In
about '55 or 66 Joe White and Jits
brother built a sawmill there and a
year or two later Reeder built a grist
mill. ,It was not called Monroe then
It waa called Starr's Point and Hlntou
was the first postmaster at Starr'
Polntk In '56 and '67 1 went to sehooi
at Starr's Point; the teacher was
Tom Ellis. . Among my schoohnate-i
were the Starrs, Belknaps and Howe.
"In 1864 I went to work on the mili
tary road that ran from CorvallH
through Blodgett valley to the head
of tidewater on the Yaqulna river at
Elk City. At Elk City you took a boat
to 1 "raqulna. There were 14 in our
crew and B. Newton was foreman. Wo
felled the trees and made the grade to
Elk City 24 miles, by water from the
mouth of the river, or what Is now
Newport. ; Doc Kellogg and Jton
Kellogg brought a boat, the 'Pio
neer, from - Portland, to ply be
tween ' Elk City and Yaqulna bay.
Doc Kellogg started a town tn
miles above Elk City which be named
Pioneer after his boat. He built
good house there. He . b'ullt a rJrt
called the Oneota at Pioneer. One
Sunday he took our road crew down
on the Pioneer to Yaqulna bay. We
landed on the beach about where tho
eld Abbey house was later built. At
that time there was only one house on
Yaqulna bay, that was about a mtla
above the present city of Newport.
"When the rains set In we went back
to Corvallis and I enlisted in A com
pany. First Oregon infantry. Charles
La Follett wa captain. William Ship
ley was first lieutenant and Dunbar
was second lieutenant. We were snt
to Vancouver and in July, '66, we were
mustered out."
How That . Russian Myth Began.
From the New Republic. i
" The origin of the famous myth about
the- Russian armies which paea
through England In August has at last (
been run to ground. . H. J. B.- Steel. I
secretary of the press representatives ,
committee of the Press Bureau, writes: j
"A large number of Russian office- h i
visited this -country to buy munition! j
of war. or to Join as attaches the staf fa
of the various commands then leaving
for the front. Accompanying them wa
a number of soldier servants, and the .
bulk traveled from Archangel to tecot- j
tish ports. These officers and rri'-n
were undoubtedly seen by reliable wit- j
nesses. The same week-end the war)
nfftoa decided to chanae the location!
of camps of the territorials then In
training. To secure this end, the train j
were hand-signaled and moved at nlpht
with blinds drawn. The engine drivers
knew nothing of the loads they puller!.
Meanwhile, . however, some Scottish
railway of ficlals had corresponded with
southern friends and talked of havln?
a lot of Russians traveling on their
line. The rest was easy, and the hand- I
ful grew to an enormous array."
It Is good, to know these Jact for
the sake of reestablishing faith in bu
man Judgment. It shows how a mod
ern myth is made. The components am :
a slight basis of fact and an over
whelming desire. The desire was pre- S
ent in England as a result of the dark
days of August. -The fact we have at (
last from Mr, Steele. , -
INDEX OF ADVANCING"
TIDE OF PROSPERITY
From the Chicago Herald.
Realizing that sooner or latr
they must supply practically al!
Europe, with lumber for the re
habilitation of the industrial proj
ects and the rebuilding of the
Cities destroyed In the European
war, members- of the National
Hardwood Lumber association
t gathered to attend the eiarbteentii
of the most extraordinary prob
lem in the history of the indus
try. It was the opinion of a larpe
majority of the 500 del?atp
present that even at this time the
lumbar Industry is at tCie'rat
'way of a brighter perlM, with
a foreign demand for products k'
the sawmills growing dally.