THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY HORNING, JUNE IS, 10X5.
INFLATION IS MOST
IMPORTANT FEATURE
IN CAKE OF TIRES
Weight Each Car Has to Car
ry Factor in. Degree of in
flation. ROMANCE CONTINUES,
MOTOR BUSINESS IS
CITED AS-CRITERION
CAR! OUGHT TO MAKE GOOD HILL CLIMBER
FIRST CAR SHIPPED THROUGH CANAL
v
Scientific Treatment Given
v': Studebaker Cam Shaft f Is
Real Wonder to Behold, .
NO GENERAL RULE GIVEN
MIGHTY- FURNACES USED
Construction. Speed, Power, etc Are
-AH Hatters WUch Affect Tires,
Zt Xa Said.
True aCalgnt Emat af Today Is One
.Who Xeepa raitti With the Oos-
- ; W Vll'
' tomer at all
ri -si
(Editor's Note Th. following article oa in
fuiUna of tires mi prepared esrloslTely for
Th Jonrnal by John T. llxary of tb Columbia
TU. Repair A Supply Co.. wbo haa bad many
rr' f i per Voce itt building tire, and la the
first of a aerie, f article cm bow to set the
maximum service from year tire equipment.)
The most Important point in the
car, of tires is Inflation. There are
bo muy different factors having- Ln
influence on the osage of tires that
so f rule for inflation can be adopted
which will be exactly suitable to. all
conditions. Construction of your car.
It weight and distribution, speed and I
; power, road conditions, the expert oVJ
careless driving, all hare important!
connections , with the strains to which
the tires will be subjected. Consequent
ly a fixed rule for inflation would pro
duce different results,- and If one
listens to all the advice given by tire
and . repair ' men on this subject. . its
effect after (ummlng it all up, would
be something like the advice riven
toy a tire i maker when he said, The
best. way to make tires last longer Is
to take them off the wheels, dust them
carefully t with French : chalk and
'flowers of sulphur, wrap them in
paper and then In tin foil, lay them
away in a cool, dark, dry place. They
must not be used on a car, because
tires deteriorate In use." : J7-
Bohodnlos Are SeoontBtended.
"The schedules of Inflation : recom
mended by the tire companies provide,
however, a basis from which to work.
Usually the front tires should be in
flated from 15 to 18 pounds per inch
of cross section and those on the
rear from IS to 20 pounds per inch
of cross section. Thus a tire haying
a cross section of 4 inches on the
front wheel would take from CO to 72
pounds, and those on the rear. wheels
of the Bane.nUa from SO to 80 pounds.
The variation in these pressures de
pends' upon the things before men
tioned, especially the weight: of the
can? For 1 example, tires on a car
weighing 1800 pounds do not "require
as. much air pressure as the tires on
a car weighing 2500 pounds. The
tires ride hard when pumped up to a
high pressure and used on light cars,
but with the same pressure ride com
fortably on a heavy car.
So It will be seen that the weight
each tire has to carry is an important
factor In determining the correct in
flation. -? To find this weight, first
weigh the front and then the back
part of the car separately- by running
first one and then the other half on
the platform -scales. The weight car.
ried ; by each tire win be one half of
either of .the respective amounts.
This weight being found, it might be
well to consult .the table of carrying
capacities.: of . pneumatic tires recom
mended by tire-makers in any :of their
price : lists and see just what your
tires have been having to do and
what they ought to do,
v Seflactioix Xs Caused.' -
i A four inch tire inflated to 70
pounds pressure and carrying a weight
of S00 pounds will naturally ride
easier than the same size tire with
the same inflation carying a weight
of 700 pounds. The heavier- weight
Causes some deflection of the tire on
the ground and-Increases the action,
adding to the comfort of the ride.
There is good . reason in easing down
the pressure a bit, because speed and
resilience' are what pneumatic tires
are for and there Is no : use in over
doing the pressure which would cut
down both these desirable qualities.
Still the larger .part of tire troubles
cocoo from running1 "soft,". Rim' cut
ting, side cracking, heating, creeping
and chafing are among these. If not
inflated to proper shape under weight
Of load, the side walls of a tire will
suffer from ; the constant bending,
owing to the leverage brought; upon
threads and rubber, the former chaf
ing and cutting, while the latter has
its elasticity kneaded out of it and
the heat; which is thus produced
causes separation. The great danger
is in going to the extreme, and a
great many car owners, " in .this way,
sacrifice :. tire efficiency and ttit1
mum mileage.
' If you find the tires ride hard when
inflated to 80 pounds pressure it is
safe to reduce the pressure to 75
Touring Necessities
Trunks, Gloves. Lunch Kits, Dusters,
Thermos Bottles. Ete.f Etc
BALLOU & WRIGHT
Broadway at Oak
AUTOMOBILE AND
bparkFIugs ' TOOLS . f . Brake-lining
MUlUKtYCLES AND ACCESSORIES I
Freer Tool and Supply Co.
; 74 Sixth and 311 Oak Sta f ; -' ion Main 1682, A-16Sa
C. C. Clinton in Ms new . Stearns-Knight
pounds or 70 pounds, providing this
does not permit the tires to bulge or
flatten under the weight of the car.
; Don't guess af the pressure from
appearances; 'use a guage or have
your tires looked after at any of the
service stations, where they will only
be too glad to see that, you-, have the
right pressure in ! themt Tires some
times appear to round up well, but
When tested with, guage you ma y find
the pressure is entirely too . low to
secure best results. :
Whatever else you do, , keep your
tires properly inflated. .'
MOTORCYCLISTS WILL
RACE COAST TO COAST
ne Hundred and Seventeen
Aiders Ha(e Entered in
the Contest. " I
One - hundred ' and seventeen riders
will participate in the coming coast-to-coast
motorcycle relay race which Is
to start from New York city about
July 19. The cross-country course has
been divided into 89 relays, each cov
ering approximately 90 miles. Every
possible precaution Is' being taken to
prevent the loss of a single Instant in
hurrying the message from President
Wilson across the continent to -San
Francisco, - in the shortest possible
time.
Three riders are to be appointed for
each relay the first .to carry the mes
sage, the second to continue with the
dispatch in case of accident to the
firBt. and the third to take up the
trail should both of the others be "put
out of the running. Every participant
Is supposed to know thoroughly the
portion of the course which he is to
cover, so that he will be able to make
the quickest time under any condi
tions, i . -J.-
The route for the dispatch will be
the central New York; route from New,
York city to Chicago, thence to Sterl
ing, Hi., over the Lincoln highway.
From Sterling, the Journey to Daven
port. Des Moines and Omaha, will be
over the Rock River i-oute. At Omaha
the riders will again follow the Lin
coln highway to Ogden, Utah, where
they will take up the Overland trail
to Reno. The remainder of the route
from Reno to San Francisco will be
over the Lincoln highway, by way of
Sacramentoi. ..'
Good Time Made
In Road Contest
Walla Walla, Wash-, June 1 2.
As the result of an argument
between Henry Zuger and John Clodius
as to whose car can make the trip from
Walla Walla to Waitsburg in the least
time a match race, was run from this
city to Waitsburg over the Inland Em
pire Highway June 9, and Clodius'
car, driven by J. B. Bartlett, won, mak
ing the distance of 23 miles in 24 min
utes. Paul Welch, who defeated "Wild
Bill" Devins of Spokane in the east
ern Washington championship at the
local track Sunday, drove the losing
car. ' - - -
The county commissioners . were In
session yesterday and upon hearing of
tne race oraerea, snerixx Lee Barnes
to get busy pointing out that public
highways cannot be maintained for
racing purposes.
It May Be
That you need some rood automo
bile , supplies. . .Diamond tires are
giving excellent service and are
much cheaper.. . .Less than 3 per
cent come back for adjustment...
Master carburetors are making
good... Guaranteed saving on gaso
line 15 to 2 .per cent and more
power. ; . -
ARCHER AND WIGGINS
OAX STREET. COBZTZTB
"Many Thing's for Automobiles."
SHOP SXJPPUES - , "
four-cylinder, machine driving up steps at Citr. park entrance.
RUSSIA IS INVITING
FIELD FOR AMERICAN
: COMMERCE LEADERS
? . 'i
-"'' BBaBsaBiaaBBaBBaaaMaaaBaaaaB
Awakening of the Extensive
Country Must Appeal to
U. S." Business Men, :"
C H.-' Williams, the Portland branch
manager of the Goodyear Tire, and
Rubber company, received last -week a
very interestingr letter from W. T.
Logan, a factory representative of the
Goodyear people who has Just returned
to America, after a stay of several
months in Russia.- ' 1
Logan ( Is greatly impressed J witn
the opportunity America ; has in se
curing business in Russia, and has the
following to say regarding the : coun
try: .- v f :. .,. :
"All evidence Is that Russia is hav
ing a great awakening, and there is no
end to the possibilities there 'for Amer
ican business institutions whose rep
resentatives study Russian conditions
and prepare for; business realizing
that Russia is not the United States,
and that American business methods
must be modified and adapted when
applied there., r",- .'
Auto Trad Gaining. " i' f
"Germans have had much of Rus
sta's commerce. No master what the
outcome- it will be long If ever be
fore the war feeling, subsides. And
that ; makes ; America's i opportunity.
Few people in thin country appreciate
Russia's vastness. its lack of develop
ment In industries of its own, and its
possibilities. - '
"Take; the automobile Industry;
when the war started there were only
12,500 : motor vehicles In Russia.-
trucks, -pleasure cars, large and small.
The government purchased between
$15,000,000 and $20,000,000 worth while
I was there. After the ; war Ameri
can automobile' products will be very
well known. The Introduction Is now
being made. It Is up to American .man
ufacturers to follow ; the introduction
READ THIS
TELEGRAM
. - . . '::' - : ' '':;; ' (: -. -.,
-.- : .'.-'-. . ',- ' . .
A. C. Stevens. Manager, Portland. Sell every used car
you own at $100 to $500 lower than the lowest price
quoted by any other dealer on the coast. Make this sale
the chance of a lifetime for Portland people to get high
grade cars at absolute rock-bottom prices. -
; THE WINTON COMPANY.
Cleveland, May 29, 1915.
THIS TEIGRAM HAS STARTED THE GREATEST
AUTOMOBILE CUT-PRICE
BARGAIN SALE
ever held anywhere. See these cars today. Try them.
Name your own price. Be a high-grade car owner NO W.
Save hundreds of dollars . " t r-
' " ' ; - " : ' ' . ... .'' " 1 .
.. : -- '1 i W : --it ' -""- ';"?; ?fK;;;";f : ';...;v".;;(j .;. --' k:' -; r?" '
yr , Open Evenings Until 9:30.
f ME WINTON COMPANY
23RD AND WASHINGTON STREETS, PORTLAND
if they care for the enormous business
that can be their's.t
Mr. Logan sailed from New 'York in
January.- To reach Petrograd he went
first to London; to New Castle by rail;
by C50 ton steamer to Bergen. Norway;
thence to Christiana and Stockholm;
from there instead of across the Bat
tle he went to the north of Sweden,
within SS miles of the Arctic Circle,
going around the north of -the Baltic
in reindeer sleighs: through ' Finland;
then by . train : to Petrograd. the , trip
from London requiring seven days. He
remained in Petrograd 10 -weeks, 'ex
cept for two short trips to Moscow,"
KirsslsTia Are Sospitable.
"Moscow, the ancient capital, is Rus
sia's business center. Petrograd is the
governmental and diplomatic head
quarters."' continues the letter. "Judg
ing by those I encountered, the Rus
sian are a most hospitable and court
eous people. The official language
seems to be French, and some Eng
lish. German is known extensively,
but now there is a war ban against
speaking it, with heavy fines for of
fenders. -
"All industries are now . centering
on government work. One hears noth
ing but war talk. Russia has 8.000,
00Q men in training- or action and ev
erywhere . there seems serene confi
dence that nothing - but victory is
ahead. '
"In Russia it seems that people
either have plenty of money or none
at all. Those, who have' are great
spenders. Food supplies are apparently
plentiful, 4ut city prices hotel
prices- are away up. J saw strawber
ries at 85 cents apiece: apples at 75
cents. Hotel far Is affected now by
the fact that, most of the better cooks
and chefs are with the army.
"I want to say just a word In tri
bute to Ambassador Ma rye. at Petro
grad. Nothing can exceed the friendli
ness, the courtesy and untiring energy
with which he and his staff are per
forming their .difficult do ties."
LEG FRACTURED BY AUTO
f Walla Walla, Wash., June 18.
Going Into the ' ditch three miles
east of Waitsburg. last Sunday, E. W.
Collier of Pomeroy had his -first mis
hap on a proposed trip from Pomeroy
to St. Louis. Ole Norris of Dayton;
who was with Mr. and Mrs. Collier,
and their daughter, received frac
tured jleg and was left in Waitsburg
while the party continued to Missouri.
By A, H. Brown. ..
Northwest Manager, Studebaker Cor-
i - poratlon. .
- Romance never dies. . We ., may be
too close to it to recognize it, but it
is as surely here today as it was
when Achilles fought with short, stout
sword against the Trojans and when
King Arthur went forth in coat of mail
to battle against the heathen that
threatened the 'Chivalry of old Eng
land. Today American romance bat
tles in overalls, . conquering and di
recting nature into channels that best
serve mankind?- Bibbs ' Sheridan in
Tne, Turmoil sang at his work be
cause he ' found romance in directing
a machine that . relentlessly chewed
strips of xinc into little disks all day
long. At the Studebaker automobile
factories in Detroit, men find, romance
in machines that are equally interest
ing and, often absolutely": superhuman.
Romance lingers with the village
blacksmith who still heats the horse
shoe art the flowing forge .beneath the
spreading. chestnut tree; and for those
with eyes' to see,' romance looks over
the shoulder of the controlling genius
of the-' immense heat-treating furnaces
of the Studebaker Corporation, the di
rect and mighty descendant of the fire
of the village smith. Science talks in
the terms of romance when it speaks
of the steel in Studebaker automobiles.
Steel may be sick and require doctor
ing; steel may be too hot or too ' cold
at a temperature Of 1000 or perhaps
200 degrees; steel may need to have
Its fever, quenched in oil or in water,
and - then go into the furnace once
more for further treatment.
Seat Treatment Secret.
The r for gings. of the village smith
could be as primitive as the art Itself
without serious -consequences to the
work in hand, but- think what such a
hit-or-miss method would mean to an
antomobilet A defective part might
mean death to the occupants of a ma
chine. . Long experimentation in the
Studebaker plant and elsewhere by
other leading scientists has estab
lished the fact, that certain steels re
quire certain definite aegrees of heat
if the best .results are to be obtained.
Only by Its heat treatment is Stude
baker able to secure the combination
of strength and lightness found In Its
vanadium and other steels.
For example, take a cam shaft. It
must have exact, scientific heat treat,
ment A man seated before a number
of - dials with levers - below electric
pyrometers, for beat gauges glances
from one to another and occasionally
touches a lever that sends a trembling
hand on a dial one way or another.
What romance is there in this! What
great adventure in sitting in a' place
so quiet, so clean, so seemingly unex
citing? . But think what in imagination-this
man sees! ;
The hand on a dial sags back to
1500 degrees. Instantly the master
mind sees a cooling furnace that means
Even the " automobile business - is
benefitted- by . the recent opening - of
the open river from Portland, to Lew -
perils-danger. The steel shafts it Is
heating must; be maintained at 153tf
degrees. . Instantly a controlling lever
is shifted. With his eyes on the gauge
he sees the hand : creep back to 1530
degrees before he releases the lever.
Studebaker uses 58,000,000 cubic feet
of gas a year, most of it in these
mighty furnaces that treat the steel.
Troeess Xs Careful.
What knight errant protecting the
defenseless from, the aggressions of in
justice and greed has better served
tbe world than this man whose very
task breathes the sweet air of a. duty
faithfully performed In protecting the
defenseless? . For after all, an automo
bile is bought on faith, faith. In the
Integrity and the honesty of the man-
rpHE first quality . you notice in Gole Eight when
II you get it on the road is its unusual poise-
. no side-swerve, no tendency for the rear wheels
to leave the road or bounce about. This is due to
three things the - steadiness of the motor, the car's
low center gravity, and the Cole direct spring drive
suspension, which amounts to i a built-in shock ab-
soroer.
The driver of a Cole Eight car enjoys the ride along with
the others he doesn't have to hold himself always ready to
shift into second or to putj oh the brakes for the bumps. . The
' peculiar poise of Cole Eight emancipates him from strain
mental - and physical -; and the other ' passengers from jars,
Jolts and jerks. ;.'- .. .
Cole 6ight. has full seven-passenger capacity, a wheelbase
of 126 inches, weighs less than 3500 pounds, road ready, and
in it all of the modern luxuries of motor car design are
included. . . - " . '
. Such as aisleway front seats, out-of-the-way auxiliary
.. . seats, tire pump operated from : the driver's seat, and electric
starter worked by a simple small foot button. ; Everything
about' Cole Eight is simple and get-at-able. .
. . Cole Eight either; in traf fictor en tour astounds you with its
new delights. , ' ; ; , e:;,. -..L ,-.--.. . - ,,
. -
f. COLE MOTOR
f. o. b.' Indianapolis
V---" Distributorm '
' " i
Main 887
Hearse sent to Vassar tt Bros., : Lerwls
t laton. The honor' of having shipped
I tbe first machine ' after .- the canal
1 opened goes to the Studebaker corpora -
nfactarer and all the "men who "serve
him. - The purchaser is defenseless,
and , the "true - knight errant in these
days of romance is the. man who rec
ognises '.- that fact and who stands
ready to keep faith with that faith the
buyer -has in him. c.:t; .;-?:;;.- -X, v--'
So the Studebaker cam shaft goes
through one heat treatment after an
other after . it is forged until it has
had five. s The' first after-forging ( re
lieves the forging strains, that is, the
piece is heated to 1025 degrees Fahren
heit so that all fissures or crevices in
the grain caused by the: terrific blows
of the hammer run together weld, so
to speak and close up. . .
; This heat-treating process is a very
careful one, for it determines the final
PetfectfyrPbised'
All Speeds
,
CAR COMPANY, INDIANAPOLIS, U. S. A. "1
Bmlders of the Standardized Car .
Ndrthweot Auito
F. W..Vogler, President . ' "
BROADWAY AT COUCH A-4959
ton.
l tion who last week shipped a hearsi
I from this city to C. M Vassar & Bros,
1 Lewtoton, Idaho, on the J. N. Teal
interior grain structure of the haf t.
After this treatment it isvquenehei
in water, and when it comes out it 1
very' hard. It is then heat-treateJ
again very slowly, and allowed to cool
slowly. 'This heat treating is not In
tense enough in any way to chang
the grain of the steel. It does, how
ever, alleviate the hardness, so thai
the. piece may. be ground by emerj
wheels. -:-. . -
And all these Studebaker procease
mean that romance still lives, but that
it is seen only by those who have eyet
to
Toothed wheels revolve and breah
the clinkers in an ash sifter patented
by its New York inventor.
1916
Series Twelve
eaasj
. Co.