THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL; - PORTLAND, THURSDAY MAY 20, 1915.
a-
THE. JOURNAL:
- AK independent kewspapkr.
C. 8. JACKMOM
.Pabliabar.
. J'Bbllabsrf every s-raalng Icscept Stisday)
.' ewy Bandar Jnernlfif at The Journal Bsild
lug. Broadway and YamhIU sta Portland. Or.
ioiered at tas poatofflca at 1'ortlaud. or., for
- sraaaiaiMloa through th taaiia a aeeoad
. aia mtur.
..li-LEPHOKKlMatS TITS J Ron. A-MSL All
- - aVpartmsaU rcaebad by cneaa nambera. TeU
ttt operator what departronti yea want. ,
OKEi(JN ADTEKTlHlKU KEPK tWKNTATl Vg
. . BnJmfij Ktntnor .Ce.. Brunswick Bid-.,
"" 23 nth a., w Xork) 111S Fsoplss
ff; Oaf Blag., Chicago. ' ' .
Sabacristioa tra hr nail r ta nr sd
ia Ui United State or Mexico:
DAIJLY.
!Cse year.....$3.(X -0no : aot.,....$ .SO
' '' SfWDAT.
One .... ,.$XM One month. ..'..$ JB
DAILT AND 8DKPAI. ,-.
A Oa rar. ...,'. 87 -SO I One month. .....8 -A3
Education Is Imply t en
couragement of right ' habits j .
the f txtn Of rood habits , un
til they beoome part of one's
nature, and, are exercised au- -tomaticaUy.:
Klber t Hubbard. ,
THE TJXTKRMKYER (CHARGE
T WAS charged at Washington
I yesterday- that the : vice preei
v I dent of the Riggs bank- at
Washington is an official of
; the National City bank of New
Y6rk at a salary of ,$12,00.0 a
'.year.
.The charge was made by Samu-
el Uatermeyer, counsel , for Secre-
tary McAdoo, in the court hearing
v in which k Secretary McAdoo' and
Controller Williams are , charged
with: Conspiracy" to wreck the Riggs
bank.' .
, Mr. Untermeyer significantly in-'
quired, : "what was the purpose of
the National City bank In keeping
a blg-lt salaried official with .a staff
. in the capital of the nation?" He
added:, . -'
Investigation disclosed a remark-'
able situation. The secretary (Mc
Adoo) found that in 1897, the now
president of the- National City re-signed
as secretary of the, treasury
i ?? and was - succeeded by the now -Vice
president Of. the Biggs- bank, " it Is
' well known that the National City
, Is a large lender of call loans an the
. ctock exchange, 'v.-.s-;.
" - Prom 1898 to 19lt the NaUonal
J City was receiving funds of the
"United Sfates cn deposit and paid no
-.interest. At times from ofte-fourth
to One-tenth Of aM deposits Of the
United. States in national banks was
tln the National City and of these
"funds it held at times 112,000,000 to
mt 13,000,000. When : Mr.s McAdoo; took
office he purposed to cut that pipe
line, and to use government deposits.
not to stimulate stock market specu
lation through the National City"
Satbank, but to serve the commercial
needs of ' the country. ' '-.:
-The i National City is a Rocke
feller bank. The Untermeyer ' ex
, poeure of the rise of , millions of
f public ( money for stock ". gambling
;, through call Joans by the National
i City bank throws light on how the
i " great captains of finance worked
J ". things : for their own profit under
I "tho old system. .
J . Twelve to thirteen millions of
. government f unds for which "the
L government received no interest,
r-held by tho National City and
1 vloaned to stock gamblers at , inter
Hest rates that in ,1901 went as
Jj. high as ! 60 per cent, was a softer
t private snap than the richest gold
pmine in the world. Secretaries of
the treasury left the government
Kemp joy to liecome high officials In
"the Rlggs and National Citibanks,
T and" ; were so effective in getting
. governhient deposit that the ' Na
I ; tional City " constantly had one--I
tenth to one-fourth of all the gov
k; ernment deposits, thougli therd are
' mora than .7000 national banks in
v"-the country. '.;''-vj:j ' ' if -rfi ':
t ' The court stfuggli at' Washing
n ton is not a mere lawsuit. It is
IXtiot a passing case of litigation. .'
mf ; It is a struggle between the gov
. ernment on the one side and -the
p great Rockefeller afid allied finan
f cial interests on tho other over
the tremendoua issue 6f whether
f Wall street shall remain I In part
7 hership i with, the government,, or
jp whether the partnership shall be
- dissolved. -4-
It Is a gigantic struggle between
j the old j system and the tiew, sys
- tern inaugurated by the Wilson
L currency and banking act. . - -fcv.-
. " - '
POTLJCKEIf
t;. CORRESPONDENT f the New
jl", A fork Herald, . w r 1 1 1 n g of
fl child labor in the eouth-
erfl cotton mitts, made the
p statement thai many of them afe
so poof that a : meal often con
SIsts only of "potlickef." . -"
Thefehpon New - Tork became
curious to know what potlicker
consisted of. A Boston newspaper
tlfldftrtArilr In S'ivft thai iritnmn1rr.
I- If asserting that potlicker, sell-
i: Ing it pot, liiuof, was the . llqnor
p la whicTT meat had been boiled,
T Of In : other: .words a ttiin bfotlt.
It- gave for its authority the Cen
S tury dictionary , r s :
i. Thte t fling at one of the deli
; cacies of the south was resented
" by the press ef Savannah.t Georgia,
t." which retorted that a dictidnary
t : pfeafed : by anyone f t O rt the.
9" south, would hot have Spelled it
"pot i. liquor" ' or spoken of it c as
"thin broth." Furthermore, iBos-
'. ton . is so devoted to its beans that
it is blind to all other offering
f ef tha : gods to man.. . L v -I
; - What.; real potlicker is. is thus
L " defined by. Colonel llefiry Wattef
V son! i '' x-' Vv 'C":-;:v''":
fr f meat boiled lilt Water will
i pfoduoe what the writer of ar-dic
J., tionary may call 'pot - Manor. ' but
: ' real potlicker is distilled preferably
: " in an lroa kettle over a wood ; fire
: . from hog jowl and wild greens. -The
I . eornmingled essences of Wild greens,
dandelion : leaves; lambs Quarter, pfep
t Per grass and a doses other varte
i ' tf es( wlttt a bouquet added by thj
. penetrant wood smoke that envelopes
"i the pot in which the greens -earess
' the Jowl, make the .true potlicker ot
, . the - soutii ' 4kmbrosiai' -to both - the
"houn dog" and "the twins. Upon . tt
many distinguished citizens - and a
great'' number of , bappy and Useful
people have been .fed from weaning
time. . . ' . '
The child ' who . drinks It needs 410
tonic. Moreover, it " is whispered
around that it really was rtot a mess
of pottaffo - but a half gallon or so
of potliekor that proved the undoing
of Esau when he returned famished
from ths chase and bartered his
birthright. ,1
If you -arantr'tds. make a MIs-
sourian's mouth: vrater murmur .tq
hlm,o(tpotllclr.er.: C
V. 7 X THE ASHES :
PORTLAND'S fire , recklessness
ls,a-, crime; ; J ,
II "led tb thisf Two little
boys of five and three arose
before the .rest ot. the family, and
were dbsessed "withthe idea of
building a .fire : and preparing
breakfast. " c ' I '
They bailfe the fire, not in the
kitchen I stove; but in ' the wood
box. - I - 1
The. flames 'frightened the boys
and their screams soon brought
the mother,, f She hurriedly put"
tho three-year-old outside the back
door.' The five-year-old -after some
delay was found hidden Sunder the
bed, and was harried out the front
door. The father-was summoning
the. fire department and trying to
fight the swiftly spreading flames.
The mother-hurried upstairs
through blinding smoke and fire
to save her babe. Retreat was
quickly- cut off by flames in the
Stairway. " She hurried to a second
floor window and leaped from it
with her babe.in her, arms, alight
ing in safety. .
For her intrepidity, this mother
was : entitled to all her children.
Bttt the three-year-old, childlike,
got back into the burning home
and 'his life was the toll.. ;
The matches had been left in
the house-where the children could
find' them. Matches so left are
one of ; the . causes of the loss of
16 lives by fires last year. The
matches : and the - inflammables
Carelessly left about are,, In .: part,
the reason why nearly 2, 000, 000
worth 'of property wad , burned' to
ashes Ifi Portland in 1914.
The fire department is working
earnestly and assiduously to check
this waste. A school is main
tained by the firemen, at which
tbey study the causes and - inves
tigate the problems, ot fires. ' . It
is endeavored to make themselves
proficient in fire prevention. -
Another step In the work is a
system of Inspection newly Inaugu
rated. I Firemen are visiting every
residence and if the ovmer per
mits, they look the house oyer to
see where precautions are over
looked, land what -factors are pres
ent that increase the fire danger.
It is endeavored to have the prac
ticed " eye of 1 the fire expert view
the premises and suggest changes
that will' Increase the safety of the
house and housebolcL - ; -
It is a splendid , service. It is
conservation 1 of life - and property.
It ought to ! have ; the ' hearty co
operation of 'every Portiander.
THE CHEAPER ROUTE
I
AYOR THOMPSON of Chi
cago says thousands, of dol
lars are wasted annually by
business men of that city
because they; fail to . appreciate the
Chicago river and drainage canal.
They don't ; use the cheaper route
for their freight. He says;
I cannot understand what the peo
ple axe thinking Of in neglecting this
great water 1 artery. ; The cost of
water.-transportation is so small com
pared with other means that. business
men cotild save many thousands of
dollars if they Would only decide to
do something. ; ;..jV
Chicago's new1 mayor says he
proposes to hatethe city set the
example.. . The river and drainage
canal will be used as far as pos
sible' for transporting municipal
freight.; The taxpayers money-will
be saved, .the problem , of congested
streets will be partly solved, and
business men will be shown that
they can save, money by also using
the cheaper water route. ;
Mayor Thompson, says he .pro
poses to be a prosperity mayor.
It is Significant that In carrying
out hi a, program he has taken up
the cost of transporting freight.
He declares that Chicago business
concerns -can benefit : themselves
by using :a-water route, even for
comparatively short t hauls. If he
is - right, how about the Columbia
and its tributaries in their relation
to prosperity in Portland and
throughout the Columbia basin t
: Maximum prosperity wHl never
come to , any city or district so
long as cheap freight rontes are
Ignored, ' -.
UNDER . SEA FREIGHT CARS
A WRITER In Popular Mechan
ics says "underwater freight
trains are the probable ex
planation of Germany's sub
marine - successes - en the - Irish
coast; it is declared that few
undersea craft notr in - exist
ence have a cruising radius of
more than 600 . miles. But Ger
man submarines operating in the
jlrtsh ' sea and off the horthwest
coast of Scotland are at least 700
miles from the nearest r German
port. '." " i ' ,
" It is suggested that the Germans-
have .made use -of a hew
bOat .devised by Simon Lake, - an
American inventor, n This Is a
cigar-shaped,-. - submersible t car ? to
be towed. Supplies carried inthiS
car, it is said,, can be transferred
to a fighting submarine on the
bottom: of the sea - In. shallow
fwater, , ' .----
Oil and water are : transferred
through - pifes. ? ; Stores, canned
food j and .leven .'torpedoes can be
j passed under wat - from, one "craft
tto another through a compartment
cut off from the rest of the craft
by air-tight bulkheads. It 'is even
said that when ' thedoor of this
compartment is open water can be
kept out by air pressure. The
contrivance is a sort of ; modifica
tion of the diving. belL :
If the Germans are supplying
their submarines under the guns
of enemy coast fortifications, it Is
only further evidence; of the
changes in warfare ;this conflict
has brought about.
HAKE IT THIS BEST
a l SiOVEMENT is on 'to make
: A the floral parade at the com
r Ing :. festival :, more .beautiful
- . than ever.
That is fitness. The' floral pa
rade especially typifies the fes
tival. It visualizies the spirit of
the rose show. It . is the pageant
beautiful which expresses ; to - the
world in a most striking way the
exalted - concfeptipn that r impels
Portland tb hold its - annual cele
bration of the flowers. I ,-t. r
Other cities cannot rival the
floral pageant. . They haven't the
wealth . of flowers with which to
make itr in their .floral parades,
they j, are .'compelled in their dec
orations to supplement " the real
flowers with' the artificial. This
should be an extraordinary stimn-1
lua 10 ruriiiiuueib '-w uw i ;
more determined to make of theif
floral parade a pageant beyond
parallel, precedent or comparison.
There will never - be a more op
portune time. The season is fa
vorable, and the flowers are here.
There will - be a greater ? audience
than ever before, of visitors from
distant communities to witness the
performance, o The fame of the
festival is at tho 1 San Francisco
exposition, and many guests there
are planning . to view the Rose
Festival n their way back to
their homes beyond the Rockies.
Word IS brought by a late arrival
from :- the exposition that a great
many parties are counting on the
festival as one of the sights of
their western trip. ,
It is an especially favorable
time to press home . the import of
the rose show. It is indeed a poor
atom ; of the race i who does : not
love flowers. Everybody in the
world is attracted by a land -Where
flowers arei in beauty and pro
fusion.1 That kind of a land means
fair skies, delightful environs and
happy people.
There is no appeal that will go
so straight to the hearts of Visi
tors. There is no spectacle that
will do so much. to. delight them
with the festival and Portland.
The floral pageant this year
should surpass all -Its predecessors
because we know better from past
experience how to produce it and
because . we have' a . greater . incen
tive to make it- the best Portland
has ever seen. " "
f OUGHT TO HE PROBED
THERE ought to be some way
to find out how the midnight
resolution got through the
- House without the knowledge
of members, and some way to find
out how so many members who aid
not know of the existence of the
resolution have been put in the rec
ord as voting for it.
When such things can happen,
legislation assumes a : role that
makes it of wide i concern. The
late House was an . honest House.
It was a wide open, ; deliberative
body. With but few exceptions, its
members tried 'throughout the ses
sion to do their duty: with effi
ciency and integrity
After the session, they j returned
to their homes. Weeks afterward,
they learned to their amazement
that a resolution carrying' the in
famous proposal f6r the federal
courts to turn the forfeited public
domain back to the : railroad was
passed at the session, and that they
stand recorded as voting for it. v
There is not a doubt in the world
that these men tell the truth when
they say they did not know the res
olution had passed. What then. Is
the situation? What kind of skul
duggery was practiced in slipping
this measure through? -
The facta ' in this extraordinary
proceeding ought to be brought to
light. The whole disreputable
business ought to be exposed, and
the names. of those responsible tor
the fraud be published broadcast
before the state. - - i -
Thirty-two count 'em inspec
tors have to be employed to pre
vent the waste of water from be
coming so great as to empty the
mains and expose . the city to de
struction from fire. If , the city
were metered, all these employes
would be dispensed "with except
J eight, required for reading meters.
This la one small economy among
many huge savings . that' meters
would bring about. 5 L :
There may be . a ' mistake about
that, lawyer earning, $160,000 a
year. Once an engineer, built a
bridge which collapsed. He ex
plained that it was because in his
computations he ' h a d gut th3
comma in the; wrong place. The
lawyer's I income may. be another
case of that pestiferous comma.
' Owners of buildings have been J
warned by r ire Aiarsnai ateveha to
clean the tnoss off the roofs. t
would . be Equally important": to
have some .Portland folks clean
the -moss off their : backs. t "
It has been discovered that4 if
the proposed alderfnanio charter
hiA hpeti submitted, to a vOte. and
if ; the people had adopted - it au-J
thority.' would have been conferred
to issue another ' -12.500,000 ; of
dOck. bonds, - r-In - tinkering . with
city - charters on : the spur of. the
moment, nobody knows what won
ders might ;be performed. -.
It was not an earthquake or the
passage of a midnight resolution
that the residents of Rose City
park felt. In the scientific lan
guage of Manager Day, the rshock
was atmospheric, not . terrestrial.
In other words,! the shock absorber
was hot j- working owing to ths
dense humfdity. -
, In West Virginia v bootleggers
are trying to evade the prohibi
tion . law by importing liquor in
coffins. One" funeral party was
arrested the other ' day and . the
"corpse" :' confiscated, ? thus estab
lishing that "a- law which locates
spirits in the dead : is not a dead
letter. " ' i
The United States Steel Corpor
ation reports that it is operating
at about 75 per -cent of Ingot' ca
pacity, as against 69 per cent in
April and the production of steel
Is a barometer of business in the
United States. -
Cod- help the man who steps
between husband and wife, quotes
.Judge McGinn. There is another
old proverb that God helps him
who helps ... himself.
-Evidently Kitchener Still be
lieves - that . it .is going ' to be a
three years war. . He wants 300,
000 more men -. '
As Senator Lane pertinently
asks, what is the use of an open
river if you cannot get to it?
MORE GASOLINE
AND CHEAPER
Josetih B. Horpliy la Pop-alar Median lea.
MOBB gasoline is being used in
the world today than ever before
s yet the price of this fuel, so
essential In this era of the internal
combustion engine, is lower than It
has been in many years. , ,
The present European war has been
termed the gasoline war,T. and justly
so, for if deprived of this fuel the
armies engaged in the- great conflict
would be compelled to -suspend opera
tions. ;For transporting- the field
and siege guns and for propelling the
thousands of motor cars used in the
transportation of troops, ammunition,
and supplies oh the seal required in
a War .of such magnitude, gasoline is
a necessity, and without it the opera
tion of - - Zeppelins . and - aeroplanes
would be an impossibility.
But tn spite, jpt the tremendous de
mand made on the oil supply by rea
son of the' war, gasoline has been
getting cheaper. This situation ia the
result ef the development of improved
methods of refining- by whicha great
ly increased supply of gasoline can
be obtained from a given quantity
of crude toil! ' During . the past year
the tank Wagon price of gasoline has
fallen In the large centers appar
ently from this cause, from 18 cents
to 9 cents a gallon. There is lit
tle doubt that the price, will eventu
ally go still lower with the develop
ment of the new process just discov
ered by Dr. Rittmah, chemical en
gineer of the United States bureau of
mines. The Improved processes now
in use are held as a monopoly by one
group of refiners. The new process
is to be free to an refiners who will
submit to certain government regula
tions, with "it, it will be: possible to
extract three times ai much gasollneH
as can be extracted by the process of
distillation. - ' -
IncreaseM production of gasoline ia
fkot all that will be accomplished by
the new process. It provides a means
for obtaining from erode oil the two
hydrocarbons, toluol and benzol, here
tofore obtained " from Coal tar and
produced almost exclusively by Ger
man and British manufacturers. To
luol and benzol are, of vital import
ance both in peace and War, They
form the "mother" substances from
Which aniline -ayes are made and are
at the ' same time indispensable ' In
gredients ef the nigh explosives Used
in modern ' warfare. ,
Td understand ' Just wtret fa being
don by the new process it is first
necessary to know of sdme of the
qualities of that group of substances
khown as " hydTocarbonsi A hydro
carbon, ' as its name indicates, is a
combination of the chemical elements,
hydrogen and Carbon. In the combi
nation there is usually nitrogen, oxy
gen, sulphur, or ether chemical ele
ments in small quantities, which are
removed in the process of ' refining;
The range of substances produced by
different combinations of these two
elements Is probably -the Widest to
be found in--' the ; Whole .range ; f
nktural products.
- A i .
There ate about 200 hydrocarbon
products, many of them Indispensable
adjuncts ef our everyday life. ' Crude
oil. or petroleum, which is the source
from which most ef these products
are derived, is "simply a mixture of
many hydrocarbons; " which may . be
separated ' from each i other . without
chefnlcal action by the process Of
distillation. , Gasollne,V. Ulumlfiating
oil, and lubricating oil, fof example,"
are ali present in crude oil. being
mixed : together moch as different
kinds grain might be mixed. There
are other products, however that are
less obviously present in crude oU.
and to prod ace these It Is necessary
t6 resort t : chemical action, ? which
consists in breaking: up some " of ;. the
hydrocarbons ' and rearranging the
atoms in molecules of - a different
klftd. ThU is What is done When" oils
are "cracked. a process that his been
Used heretofore mainly for breaking
up the Heavier oils sad formiag ineif
components' Into gasoline 'molecules.
It t one of the peculiarities of hy
drocarbons that this breaking up and
rearraturing - can be done repeatedly
and to practically aa unlimited extent.
. j" - - . ...
The biggest feature of the new pro
cess Is that.practically all the crude
o'il " can be converted into any hydro
carbon; desired, so that it provides a
means - for "cracking" : oils on v such
a scale as has not been thought pos
sible heretofore, - Full details of the
process have not been made public,
but it- is reported that" the kind of
hydrocarbon - produced . is governed
solely by the degree of heat and pres
stire applied. With a temperature ef
tit degrees- F., for sxamplei th
product obtained is gasoline. If the
temperature is raised to about Hit
degrees F benalne, toluene and xylol,
with small quantities ' of methahe,
creosote oil and', pitch, are Obtained.
The apparatus is Simple and appar
ently does nothing more than vapor
ize the crudeoil and subject the va
por to : the required temperature and
pressure. . -
Almost simultaneously with the an
nouncement of this ,. process , another
discovery, o remarkable that it ranks
as one of the romances' of science,
was made public This consists In a
process for talcing paraffin, or any
other derivative of crude oil, and con
verting it back Ifito crude oil In
sborV in taking one part of a. com
plex, product and remaking the whole
product from it. '
e
One of
the significant things
Connection with crude Oil products
and the vital part they play in nearly
every form of human activity, is the
fact that . the supply . is more than
equal to the ' demand, 1 and is likely
to remain so for generations to coma.
The North . American,' continent is
thought to be one vast subterranean
oil reservoir. - Oil is found from .the
Atlantic to the Pacific seaboards, and
from Nome te Central America, and of water meters several years ago, but
v,-. fc,iw,K- r tfiAn when the city council, about a year
while there are a number Of fields , m pa88ed ordinanco providing for
from which oil is being drawn in j tha t purcha 0f 6ff00 meters, . several
enormous quantities, these vast . re- large property owners circulated peti
sources have apparently been touched , tlons and succeeded in invoking the
. . I referendum on the; Ordinance,
only in spots. , I ' nMt. nf im mtiuiiN ur tliat
A FEW SMILES
A -California youngster had been
permitted td visit a boy friend in the
strict condition
that i he ' was to
le&Ve there at . 6
o'clock. He did
not afrive home
until ,7 and- his
mother was . very
angry. , The young
ster insisted,: . how-,
ever, - that -lie had,
obeyed her orders and had not lingered
unnecessarily.
"Vo "you. expect me to believe, said
his mother, "that it took you two
hours to walk a quarter of a mller
She reached for tne whip. "Now, sir
will4 you . tell me th-tf uth t
"fe-eSf " mammi sobbed boy,
r Char He i Wilson gavs - me a mud
turtle and I Was afraid 'to carry it
x.iea t noma.- . . .
, ' LitUe 0 1 1 1
"When I ge t to
heaven will I have
Wings r - ,'
Mamma - T S e,
my pet and a
crown and a harp."
"And candy 7
"No." " - . - .
"Well ra glad
we've got. a good doctor.
An old Scotchman deemed ft bis
duty to administer some sound advice
to a youth placed under his charge.
is.ee p your tem
per.
Dougal,
Never
quarrel" wr - an
angry person, espe
cltlly wi a woman.
Mind ye, a soft an
swer's aye best, It's
commanded and
forby 1 1 m a k e s
them far .madder
than anything else you couiu say.
Harper's Magasine. . ,
Letters TromHhe People
ICuuirnuiileatloes ketit to Tbe Jrmmat fat
pcbUt-ation in tbia department attonld be writ
tea on Only one side of the paper, ahould not
exceed Sou word Id length and must be ac
companied by tbe nagie end address of the
seeder. If the writer does; not desire to hare
the asm published, be sboald so state.)
'" u . . , I- -
Dlsetishitt ia tbe rrmtest ef all refbrmers.
It ratkmaUfjea erery thing it toacbea. It robs
principles of all false sanctity and throws them
back on their reasonableness. ' If the hive ne
reasonableness, It ruthlessly crashes them out
of existence and sets up its own conclusions'
ia their stead." Woodrow Wilson.
Honrs " of Labor.
Portland. Ma IS. To the Editor of
The Journal Irt your Issue of May s,
in answer to an inquiry relative to
V i.C., mm iThlt U.m ,
any. apply to employes in creameries.
you were in error. Chapter 102. page
i ea r. c-crin a . iii, ,iAr.-
shall be unlawful to i work any em
ploye of any mill, factory or manufac
turing establishment over 10 hours ex
cept in case of. emergency. Or of a
night watchman, when three hours
overtime may be . worked, to . be paid
for by the employer at one - and one
half time rate of pay. "
Attorneys have given as art opinion
to the effect that this law applies to
creameries. - - - I .. ' '
Through your columns X -would ex
tend an invitation to any .one desiring
.information as to labor laws to corres
pond with the Central Labor Council
of Portland and vicinity, and infor
mation desired will be cheerfully fur
nished, and advice given, confidentially
if SO desired. KUQUTXE B.- SMITH,
v. President Central Labor Council
Immigrant Restriction.
. Boston, Mass., May 10, To the d
iter of The Journal -Allow me to point
out that .there is another side to the
matter mentioned in your editorial en
titled "The Immigrant" in the issue of
April 24. What is proposed is a gov
ernment labor bureau to undertake the
distribution of immigrants, - and the
settling of them in places where they
can' obtain employment. . It will be
noticed that tni bureau is concerned
chiefly with aliens. In fact. If It were
not, it would probably be so because
the immigrants are willing to work for
a lower wage than native ' Americans.
There are likely to be three distinct
effects of this proposed work: i ; ,i
1. The dUplacing of native Amer
icans. : 2. The distribution of undesirable
Immlsrants, . whom we are now letting
id under our very lax laws, from sea
board cities to interior points. They
PERTINENT COMMENT
S&XAIili. CHANGE
Walk fast until
then atand fast.
yoa get there-
Business Is naturally unsteady when
money la tight. ; -
. Nature heals but the doctor always
makes out the bill. - ' :
The most disagreeble relation one
Can have is a carbruncle,
,
- A. volume of smoke will bring tears
to tho eyes of the reader. .
.. .
A boy who Is whipped undeservedly
Is the victim of a misplaced switch.
Silence IS about as . much evidence
of wisdom as a paper . collar IS of a
shirt. , ,
. Money may : not bring happinef-s,
but no man la willing to take an
other's word for it. -..t : .
, " - r . v
During courtship a . woman may
cling to a man's necs, and after mar
riage she may walk on it. ...
, -v a a . '
A girl admires a fast ydung man -that
If, if she has him so fast that he
can't possibly get away.
. When rich relatives come you drop
everything else and try - to entextaln
them, but when the visitors are poor
kinfolks you keep ion reading your
paper.
HOW WILL YOU
THE WATER METER ORDINANCE
- "An ordinance authorizing the com-
Imlssioner of public utilities to pur
chase 5000 water meters of such kind
and size as may be determined by
I him.
Shall -the above ordinance paBsT'v
100. 'Yes. - . .
101. No. . ! -v .
This la the title of the first measure
to appear on the ballot to be voted
on at the regular city election, Mon
day,' June 7 It ia a referendum meas
ure. If the ordinance is adopted, it
will allows the water bureau to meter
6000- water services; where water is
being wasted, )
The voters autborized tne purcnasa
If water meters are installed all over
the city It will eoslj at the start 500,
000, and bonds will be necessary to
ralsa th money. ! They say that a
meter will last only 12 years, and the
expenses of the water bureau will be
increased to a large amount to pay
salaries of meter readers, etc They
argue also that Portland has such aa
abundant supply of water, that It is
unnecessary to restrict the waste oi
water by users. vi
V-i'--s :''! ,iV-"v-''f'--These
contentions t ere denied by
Commissioner Daly. - Chief Kngineor
Clarke of the water; departnaent. Super,
lntendent 3. A, Taylor and other. Th
cost of the 6000 meters, including in
stallation, would be less than $40,000,
and this sum is available frbm;eurrent
revenues of .the water department. No
bond Issue and no special tax will be
required. It is true, , of course, that
the . proposed Installation .- of 6000
meters is but part bf a plan for even
tually metering al$ water services in
the city,, but th& work would be done
gradually and Would be paid for wholly
out Of the ordinary revenues of the
STOCK MARKET'S TORTUOUS REASONING
By John M. Oskison.
The Stock market "bulls" were ram
pant. Prices ofl the exchanger had
climbed ad rapidly ,'that their progress
resembled' a scramble Up the heights
of the Carpathians; An observer not
yet Immersed in the enthuslastio game
spoke In doubtful tones: '
"Is this a real rising tide of prices I
or only a- flurry stimulated by b?;g
holders who were loaded with stocks
before -the exchange closed last
summer and "who want to mark up
quotations so that they may unload'
at a profltr To Which the Wall street
optimist replied . ')";..; - . - -v f.-.s -
"(Jenuine without doubt! Why, look
here j This country is, going to come
intd Its heritage as commercial- leader
of the world; we're: already a creditor,
and not a debtor, nation; we have a
new banking and; currency system;
the raiirtfads are actually making a lit
tle more money, and feeling a whole
lot more cheerful; and we believe that
the end of the war 1 near.?
"Is all that legitimate bult argu
ment?" the observer asked. ' -
"Why, sure! Of course, we are
still : a bit uncertain . of the date of
will hot at all be changed in character
by this move, and will be likely to
cause the formation Of a great many
small slum districts alt over the coun
try Instead of ; a few large ones in
places where they exist already.
3. Everything done in the way of
government employment bureaus will
act as a powerful stimulus to immigra
tion. News of it will be spread abroad
by tbe steamship companies as an ad-
i dltionAl inducement- to immigration.
'The truth, im that until some measure
h "8""' Brn, b , -
I which President - Wilson vetoed, is
much about distribution or employ-
INDEX OF ADVANCING
TIDE OF PROSPERITY I
. From the Philadelphia Ledger.
i The loaded freight car move
ment on Pennsylvania railroad
lines 'east of Pittsburg for the
first eeven days In May showed
substantial improvement over the
1 Tbe total movement passing eight
an increase - ef $80? ears over
114. The dally average move
ment Was .23,612 ears, an increase
of 644 cars, or 2.4 per cent. Of
the eight points Used for com-
J parison Dauphin was the only one J
A lO buuv a aeutsue, wuki, wko
9.9 per cent.. At i uaiutzin, - me
high point, the increase was 4.7
per cent.
The number of loaded cars pass
ing Lewlstown Junction in th
seven days was 23,357, compared T
viin x cars - lose year' ma
239.5 cars in 1913. The daily
average was 6269 care, compared
With 4880 cars last year and 6778
ears in 1913. On May 7 the num
ber of loaded cars passing this f
Junction was 6850. The move
ment of bituminous cars east
hound decreased' 6.7 per centj
coke, cars eastbound . decreased
24.2 per cent: miscellaneous cars
eastbound increased 14.5 per cent,
and' westbound decreased 9.3 per
tent
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS .
When it comes to a parade, the Reg
ister boasts, Kugene concedes super
iority to no other place on earth. .
a tT a :,
Efforts are being made to reorganize
the Lebtuion fire department, and make
it a-more efficient organisation.
. . a i
And this from the Albany Democrat:
"Strawberry shortcake and nothing
else at that meal, is the menu that fits
this-Misfits, man." .
, .- a
Hermtston Herald: The fruit esti
mate for this eeason' sounds good. Vu
ly 20 cars besides enough to care for
all local demand. And we will have
ueed for cannery, too.
'All the vacant buildings in Salem,"
says the Statesman, "are being looked
up and listed. The next little chore
will be to get them all filled. That is
the Important thing' I .
The Mall Tribune reports "wander
ers passing through Medford In
droves,- many of the number headed
for Grants Pass, lured thither by the
report that construction work on the
line to the coast would be under way
soon." ' - - ' .... : '
.'...:.-. :- e e ... i
Sherwood Journals. A town with ap-
froxlmately one-sixth of its popula
ion belonging to the commercial club,
-sounds big, does it not? That is ex
actly what- the town of Bherwood can
boast of before the club is a month
old. too. .-' . . ... v . .
VOTE ON THIS?
department Unless meters are' in
stalled, it will soon be necessary for
the city to incur- heavy expense tor
larger mains additional reservoirs.
-.' , a-: i -
It is difficult to determine the life
of a -meter, .although one meer, : the
cheapest Ion the market, whfch has
been under test for six- months, ' has
already - measured : enough water to
supply an average family for 40 S-S
years. Recently an examination was
made and there were no effects ot
wear discovered. A few months - ag
meters which had been in service eon.
ttnuously for 11 years, wete dug out
Of the ground for inspection. Not a
sihgle repair had been made in the 11
years of service, and except for losing
their paint, they were apparently U
good condition, . ,
At present, 32 men are employed to
check water waste. Their salaries
total $34,660 a year. Under Ihe meter
eystem these men will not "be needed,
for every user will pay for the water
be consumes, and bo other Check will
be necessary. - Onl y eight meter read
ers, at the most, will be required, and
their total salaries will be not more
than $8640 a year ' under, the meter
plan. On this Item alone the city will
save 1-6.020 a year by installing
meters... - .
D. t. -.Clarke, chief engineer of the
bureau of. water works; Assistant En
gineer Randlett, Superintendent of
Construction Taylor and I S. Kaiser,
superintendent of the bureau, who have
given years of study to the problem
of providing the city with aa adequate
supply of .water, , say that meters are
absolutely necessary if the city would
conserve her Water supply and provide
an equitable distribution system for
all consumers.
These men have the support ef hy
draulic engineers and water works ex
perts throughout the country. These
experts say that meters arsi necessary
to prevent water shortages and place
water "departments on an efficient and
economical basis. 4
i tbe ending of the war, but you can't
get away from the rest." 1
But," objected th observer, I have
heard that we are now a creditor na
tlon . only because of the wars con
tinuance: that most v of the unusual
trade and manufacturing activity is
a .direct result of tbe war on the ex
change, the stocks of rth steel oonu
panies that have war orders on band
or In prospect are most active. What
Will an early peace do to tbemf
"Don't you worry." cried the opti
mist. "The steel companies will sell
bridge materials when the war is over.
The warring countries will spend their
money for our wheat and cotton. We
sban still reach out for the trade : Of
the world." --'i
"They won't have the money to
Bpend,' the observer countered. "IxkK
at the tremendous debt burden already
created in England, Germany, France
and Russia. . They will have to econo
mize, buy at home, and work desperate
ly to recover lost world trade," 'A-'!
But in the midst of a good old fash
ioned "bull" market the observer's
comments bad no weight. They were
the croakings of a crape-hanger.. The
optimist's: arguments, for the time,
seemed far more pleasant' to read.
ment bureaus. This scheme IS an
other instance of what is very com
mon in our country today taking some
abstract ideal and working it to the
logical limit without reference to the
concrete situation. Very truly yours,
PRSCOTT V. HAJUU
Secretary executive committee. Immi
gration Restriction League.
, Two Presidents.
' Portland, May 17, TO the dltor of
The Journal A man against his own
convictions ; received - the Nobel peace
prize. He urged the raising of large
families." Many people have taken his
advice, waiting and watching for the
young men and young women to grow
up. It takes, from 21 to 2$ years to see
good results of some large families, es
pecially , those of people With limited
means, Still they thought they would
take the advice of a great man.
After ali,. he wants these poor moth
ers to sacrificttthelr sons to a bloody
war. Can Our great ex-president ever
stop to consider-how many weary days
ehq nights these mothers will spend in
1$ years to care for these boys? Did
they mean to sacrifice their health and
their boys,, to plunge them into wart
Let our war champion consider which
Is the more entitled to the boyrtbe
mother or tbe battlefield.
Long live our President Wilson, for
his noble patience. .
A, .-;'..: - MRS. M. D.JiEER.
Indorses Fisheries Campaign,
Portland, May 19. To the Editor of
The Journal Your campaign to inter
est Portland and Astoria in the fishing
banks off the; Oregon coast Is com
mendable ' and should have results.
But why catch fish If the people do
not eat them? Buck shad, an excel
lent food fish, can - be bought at this
time of the year at $30 a ton. I asked
to be served with Shad at the Cham
ber of Commerce, formerly , the Com
mercial club, They had none. I asked
for - shad at tbe Benson hotel. They
had none. Demand stimulates supply.
If Portland will accept culls from Se
attle without protest, Portland will
probably continue to get culls. Why
don't' the business men take up def
initely some of these obvious mutters?
a b. m.
AXX HATS'
y r4 tocldey. SpaoiaJ StaXT WrtUv af
' Toe JourtMil.
George A, Waggoner, a plonfer of
1862, lives at Lebanon. Recently ia
telling me about the incidents of tho
trip across the plain he Bald: "Tho
Indians were not very troublesome in
'52, but the cholera was something ter
rible. You could hardly stand it to
stay around camp and hear the agon
izing moans and cries Of those who
were suffering from it!
"I said the Indians were not troublj
some. I will have to qualify that
Statement Y had a pretty narrow
escape from being killed by Uiem. For
a spell it looked pretty dubious. The
whole thing star tad in a Joke. A!y
father. was a great hand to Joke. My
eldest sister was 18 years old and wua
a very striking girl. She had an -ollvo
complexion, long dark hair and waa
very vivacious. An Indian came into
camp one evenlnir and va tirrprt i v
bewitched about .my sister. He coul l
nardly take Ms eyes off her. Finally,
pointing to Frances, he nuld to mv
father. How muchr Father pointed to
the moccasins Frances wa wearing
and to her abundant dark hair and
said, 'Pretty near Indian already.' Th
Indian said 'How much for her?
Father thought it a buse joke and an
swered gravely Ten spotted ponieH.
The Indian Went away. In an hour hit
I was back with 10 spotted ponies and
wantea r ranee. Fathar tpld him it
was a joke. The Indian couldn't n
the joke. He said, 'You mut kepp
your word; no He to mo,' He noon
come back with a score or o of hi
tribesmen. ho inflated that father
carry out his barpaln. Father fai.J,
Valt one day. Thtn you can hav
her. We will make a big feant.' Kvery
immigrant that came next day staynd
to help stand off the Indiana. We
bad over 60 men ready to fight for us
by next evening. At sundown the In
dian came back with more than 100
Indians dressed in all their finery to
enforce . the bargain and attend the
ceremonies. The Indian roda out anri
demanded his wife, tnreatenlng t kill
all of tho white people if we" did not
keep faith with him. Father stepped
out to speak to him. Kvnry white mart
had his gun . pointed toward the In
dians. Father suddenly reached up,
grabbed the Indian by the arm 'and
Jerked him off hla horse and as he lay
on the ground kicked him In the lom
ach and in the face with hla heavy
brogans. The Indians prepared for ac
tion, but they kn.w they would he
slaughtered, so they drew off. Two of
our men : carried the Indian out ami
laid him on the grass. The Indian?
picked him up-and carried him off. We
stuck by the reet of the immigrants fop
some days after that That curttd
father of joking wltn the Indians.
"Our cattle drank from the standino;
pools of alkali water and iome of thiii
died. Others pjayed out, no we had to
abandon one of our wagons. Yon could
ee dozens of wagons cut down to cart
and scores of abandoned wagons by th
side of ' the-: trail. At almost very
water hole you could See dead or aban
doned oxen. Their feet were too sore
to travel or they were too poor and
weak to go on.
"While we were camped on rowdnr
river an old man, more than 70 years -old,
come to bur camp and said hla
wife had Just died and he wanted hnlp
lo bury her, My mother and Mrs.
Marshall helped lay her out Fa-tlmr -helped
bury her. The old man said una
had died of ftholero. My mother
thought that could not be possible, hh
it was too far Went to have the cholera.
Next day my mother got dinner for us
but said she felt too badly to eat, to
she laid down to rest while we aU'd In
ner. She died that night at 11 o'clock,
Mrs. Marshall also died. The symp
toms were the some as those in chol
era, so I suppose it was the dread
scourge.
"We left our last wagon on the Uma
tilla not far from the present town of
Pendleton. We packed onr bedding on
Old Nig,' the lost ox lsft to us, and
started on afoot Poor old Nig. lie
was a wonderful ox. He was coal
black. Father bought him Just before
we started, lie had Just nwle the long
trip from Kast Tennessee to Van Ilur.-n
county, Iowa, yet he Was the only one
of our oxen to get to Oregon. Fathr
sold him at The Dalles for $20 to buy
food. After w abandoned our lat
wagon and hai started on afoot a
woman and a little girt came into oar
camp One night She bad walked
ahead of her wagon train, taken a short
cut and became lost She had bnn
wandering around with her little" girl
for four days and, ail they had Aten
was rose haws. We shared what little
food we had with them.
"We stopped two weeks at Tb
Dalles, Father found an old stove and
rigged up a table out of some old end
gates and sideboards of an abamlon.i
wagon, and ran a lunch -counter for th,
soldiers and civilians who were build
ing the military post there. My eldest
sister made pumpkin pica which he
sold for two bits each as fat as tha
could cook them. With the pie cotmtn
money father bought a couple of canow
and we started for Portland. At Port
land the cltLzens gave us food and
shelter without charge and treated x
kindly. My eldest sister and Uttl
Emily. 6 years old, were taken in by
Colonel Chapman. Father and my
brothers Tom, Byrd, and myse.if went
down tbe valley. Father got work
near Bale m. We dlant get mall then
as we do how, so we didn't learn
f my sister Emily's death till two
weeks after her funeraL Father never
learned where she was burled. It was
in a west side cemwery near Anker. y
Or Bumside streets.
"Next spring rny eldest sister came
to where we had takn a place 12 mile
from Brownsville. The following year"
she married Dr. Ilus F. Roberts. In
1801' I went to the Idaho mines. I
spent the next 14 years freighting to
Florence, Elk City, Oro Fino and Jian
nock. Then I removed to Corvalii.-i.
where I lived for 27 years."
Why?
. From Judge.
Robbie (from the depths of a led
ums cuddle) Mother, you 'toernher
you told me today that no one could
poHslbly love dirty, noisy little boys?
Motber-p-Yes, dear. What about it?
Robbie Then what for are you hug
gin' me so tight?
The Sunday Journal
Ths Great Home Newspaper,
consist of
Fonr news sections replete with
, Illustrated features.
Illustrated magazine of quality.
Woman's pages of rare merit.
Pictorial news fupplement
Superb comic section.
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