6
THE -OREGON DAILY JOURNAL PORTLAND, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 29, 1015.
1 .
1
fTHE JOURNAL
.Poblinber.
e - -' ' ,
r - a iirmnv
frwmucu ww y.i J rivuiiif - .. .
rery Sunday morning at The Jonrnal .Bnlld-
Entered t tbe sostoffice at fortlamd. Or., for
i - transmission loroagb the mails second
r cuh mailer.
TKIPHOXES MalnKflT3; Home. A-6051. AU
J . department reached by dim oambera. leu
toe operator wnat department yon want.
tiiiurmv invf utiuiili: mpiirm.iiTATlvi
S Benjamin Kentnor Co., Brunawiek Bid.,
f 225 Fifth At... New Xorkf 121S People
a atag., iioicago. -
i Snbseriptioa term by mail or to any ad.-
res la lb United State or Mexico;
1 :. DAILY.'" ' ,-'
One year... .,.$3.00 One month...... .60
....- SUNDAY".
&ne year. $2.80 I One month $ .25
" DAILY AND SUNDAY.
One rear. $T.!K I One month .S
-a
If any speak ill of thee, flee
home to thine own conscience,
and examine thine heart; if
thou be guilty, it is a Just
correction; if not guilty, it is
a. fair Instruction. . Make use
of both so shalt thou distil
honey out of grail, and out of
an- open enemy make, a secret
end.-Quarts,
-ss
LILO
B'
OATS pasaed, for the first time,
through tbe canal and locks
at Celilo, yesterday.'.
Does Portland vision' the
2
meaning? Doeg the new Chamber
' of Cornmrce realize the Import of
jthat conspicuous event?
Up that river and through the
Inew canal lies Portland's way to
1 ascendancy. Interstate Commerce
commissions and Railway commis
Jelona are nothing In comparison,
i The waterway that Celilo opens is
Portland's right arm.
If Portland tr.ak.es full avail of
Celilo, other cities may try, but
Sttaey cannot compete in the Colum
bl& basin. They may be ambitious
for trade there, but they cannot
.1 succeed. They may undertake, jut
tUey cannot win.
Portland can have the whole
.business of the Inland Empire, al-
most for the asking. The process
?ls steamboat navigation of the
river with schedules and rates and
vigilance. .,
The railroads are not for J'ortland.
? Their Interests naturally make
fthem' In these new days of rate
regulation, friendly to the interior.
jTheir best business is in territory
not affected by the Panama canal.
" fAll this is tremendously manifest
ia the railroad request for favor
Sable rates for the Spokane zone.
X Celilo comes at the very moment
twhen Portland's interior trade is
imperilled. The unmanaclid Co
lumbia, river is Portland's answer
jto this new danger, 'and it is an
unfaillns and incomparable answer.
5 Does Portland, Portland's busi
Jness world, and Portland's new
Chamber of Commerce catch the
vision?
IT
OI.CING a demand for greater
expenditures for national de
fence, the Washington Post
8quarely. before congress when
t convenes in D2cember. It is de
clared that. an overwhelming major-
"ity of the people demand that the
defenses of the country should be
Ibrought up to date The Post says:
The nation has all the wealth re
qulrea to build up its defenses. It
thas the inventive genius necessary ".6r
the production of the biggest guns,
Jthe greatest battleships, the moat ef
fective airships, armored automobiles
, 'and all other accessories of self de
, Cfense.
' There is no doubt about all that,
hut when the Post tells the Amer
Jlcarv people that money spent on
armaments benefits the people, eco-
. -Domieally, it is going a bit too far.
".The Post- says all the money asked
by big army and big navy men
! would be spent at home and Would
)e beneficial to the country by f ur
nishing employment, utilizing raw
in a t e r i a 1, stimulating inventive
genius and helping to build up fac
tories. . It Is necessary, that tho national
defenses be -maintained at a high
"standard of efficiency. But the
American people cannot be made to
Relieve that money spent On arma-
anents As an economic Investment.
J t ft represents wealth withdrawn
-from productive channels and
Jfcuried where it can never produce
.another dollar. '
No nation is exempt from the
danger of war, and national de
fenses are necessary. But they
,'would become doubly so if the
.Post's contention that the nation
-can. lift itself by its boot streps
.were accepted. The people are
willing , to pay for necessary bat-
.v tlcships, forts and big guns,." but
they are . hot 'willing to accept a
' theory that $100,000 invested In
& cannon benefits them in the
' same) . manner that $100,000 in
vested in good roads does. . .... ,. :.,
OUR VISITORS
P
lORTLAND can make a friend
of every stranger who passes
within her gates.
The impression that the"
Rose City left upon Sir Thomas
Shaughnessy was recounted in yes
' Xerday's . Journal. He pronounced
it the most beautiful city on the
coast: He was delighted with the
modest but hospitable reception ac
corded him by the new Chamber
; of - Commerce. He asserts that
Portland has a most brilliant fu
ture.' He has gone his way,: a
Ww- friend and publisher of f Port
land's virtues. - : ":. .
A view of Portland -from any
Of' the surrounding heights ls un
knswerable .proof of Portland's
claims. The setting is one of na
ture's - best; r Uivcr, valley, . moun-
- WHAT WOULD
HB disclosures in the Barnes-Roosevelt libel sult gtve the people
of the United States new information as to the way they have
been governed.
' Colonel - Roosevelt admitted
not authorize the prosecution of
and admitted that the corporation
ttooseveit camnalRn fund in 1904.
v 41 admitted that, as' president,'
tion ortne JJew Haven railroad,
was a generous contribu.tor to his campaign fund. ,
He admitted that, as president, he did .not authorize the prosecution
of the Harvester Trust, and admitted that' the trust was a generous
contributor to his campaign fund. !
He admitted that, as governor of New Xork he received orders from
Boss Piatt, admitted that, as vice president, be counselled with Boss
Piatt, and that even ae president of the United States he "advised"
with Boss Piatt. :t
. He admitted that he did not accept" the nomination for vice presi
dent until he had consulted with Piatt.
. He admitted that, as governor of "New York, he consulted Piatt
before" making appointments to office.
He admitted that, as governor, he obeyed the summons of Piatt
to come to New York city to discuss the vice presidential nomination.
He admitted 4 that in answer to Piatt's request about legislation
desired by, the New York Central railroad, while governor of New
York he "wired Piatt: "I am exceedingly sorry if any hardship has
been caused the New York Central." -
He admitted that on Piatt's objection to the removal of Brockway
as superintendent of the Elmira reformatory, Brockway was not re
moved. He admitted tha, while president, regarding the appointment of
C. C. Shayne and George Cabot, he wrote Piatt, "I am glad you took
care of my old friends."
A letter i introduced in the evidence showed that, as governor,
Colonel Roosevelt agreed to appoint to office men suggested by Piatt
and Grady, the latter of whom was a notorious Tammany senator.
Colonel Roosevelt admitted that, as governor, he "was in alliance
with the invisible government" of New York, through a working agree
ment with Piatt.
He admitted that, while president, he knew of the campaign contri
butions of $100,000 each by Morgan, Harriman, Frick and Schlff, ad
mitted that he knew of the $260,000 campaign fund raised by Harri
man In Wall street, and admitted that .he talked with Harriman about
these contributions in the White House.
He admitted that he authorized the absorption of the Tennessee
Coal & Iron r company by the United States Steel Trust, by which a
property worth $80,000,000 was
the payment of a dollar, and by
Steel Trust was annexed.
What would Lincoln, the exemplar of Republicanism In its rmritv.
have said at these staggering admissions of secret government at Albany
and Washington?
What would the great Emancipator have said if Mr. Harriman had
attempted to discuss campaign contributions with him in the American
wnue jiouser
tain, snow peaks, skies and all else
of nature's endowments are in the
picture. To see the sight is to
marvel and admire. The stranger
never fails to catch it all.
The alertness of our highly en
dowed new commercial body can
do the rest necessary to make
every Portland visitor a Portland
publicity agent. The impression
it made upon the bead of the great
Canadian Pacific railway system
Is proof of its possibilities.
SOUTH A3! ERICA X TRADE
TUB importance of the coming
pan-American trade confer
ence' In Washington is illus
trated' :by figures showing
what war has done to Argentina's
trade.
Argentina's total imports were
only $262,300,000 in 1914, against
$406,600,000 In 1913, and the
country's exports were $337,000,
000, compared with $406,500,000.
Imports from Austria dropped from
$5,700,000 to $2,450,000, and ex
ports to Austria were $1,300,000,
compared with $3,100,000. Im
ports from Germany were only
$29,650,000, against $63,800,000
in 1913, and exports to Germany
decreased from , $55,800,000 to
$29,650,000.
Even with the ocean routes open
to Great Britain, the united king
dom's exports to Argentina were
$89,230,000, against $126,000,000
In 1913, and Argentina's exports to
Great Britain dropped to $98,570,
000 from $116,100,000. Argen
tina's trade with Belgium was cut
nearly one-half, and trade with
France and neutral countries was
demoralized.
These conditions seriously af
fected trade with the United States.
In 1913 Argentina bought $60,
700,000 worth of goods In this
country, but in 1914 the total was
only $35,400,000. However, this
South American republic sold us
$41,00,000 worth of products in
1914, against $22,QQ0,0OO worth
In 1913.
These figures are said to fairly
represent the general condition of
South American trade last year.
Duringthe first half of the year
conditions were nearly normal, the
war's interference with trade being
all in the last six months. It is
to help South America remedy such
a situation ' that the " Washington
conference will be held.
XO APPEALi AT BAKER
T
HE proposed
.damage, Suit
appeal of the
against former
Governor
West. has
been
abandoned by the Copperfield
saloonists.
The announcement drops the
curtain over a struggle that made"
history in Oregon. The conditions
revealed by Governor West at Cop
perfield probably did; more than
all other influences combined to
throw Oregon into the dry column.
The possession and control of
the city government by the sa
loons, the sale of liquor to 14-year-old
boys, the open gambling,
the brazen defiance of law, and the
refusal - of the Baker county civil
authorities to; protect Copperfield
citizens who were begging Gov
ernor West to restore order and re
establish the power of the law -all
' these chaotic conditions sank
deeply into the minds of Oregon
people and probably turned enough
votes .'to account f or the nearly
40,000 majority by which the state
went dry. ;
People were not willing to tol
erate such an' order. Men reasoned
that-if saloon men could co to such
,- .
LINCOLN SAY?
on oath that as president he did
the United States Steel corporation,
was a' generous contributor to the
? -' :
he did not authorize the' prosecu
and, admitted that the Nw Haven
taken over at $29,000, 00Q without
which the chief competitor of the
lengths as were revealed at Cop
perfield, Huntington and in some
other places, the one remedy that
remained was to abolish the sa
loons, and that is exactly what they
did. This argument put in tbe
bands of the dry forces by the dis
closures wa . pressed home, and the
consequence was a char-ge in the
eourse of jolitieal history in Ore
gon. The abandonment of the appeal
of the damage suit against the
former governor is wise action.
Governor West was not at all
favored in the rulings at the trial.
The issue In the case was not the
damages but the jighei issue of
protection fo- the firesides and
the children of Orego-i..
it was an issue that went direct
to the foundations of home and
family life in this state. If the
saloonmen could have penalized
West for restoring order at Cop-pe-field,
t would have beeo,a blow
in the face of every parent In Ore
gon, and a confession that if row
dies can capture a town, set aside
law and sell whiskey to children,
no governor must interfere.
Copperfield not only changed
political history, but the; Baker
verdict has put a more wholesome
tone in the whole atmosphere of
Oregon.
The final abandonment of the
struggle, as now announced, leaver
Governor West's action at Copper
field fully justified, and is, in ef
fect, an approval of the course of
The Journal, which was the only
metropolitan newspaper that aided
the governor in the struggle.
REVERSIXG THE PROCESS
I
T may be an idle, pleasant life
to be aa old man's darling, but
Hiram H. Krause of Los An
geles Is finding out that .to be
an old woman's darling means to
sweep, wash dishes and make the
beds. He takes satisfaction in one
thing, though, and that Is the ac
tion of the court compelling his
wife to pay him a monthly alimony
of $4 0 pending her suit for a di
vorce. In the meantime Krause says he
will "plug along" washing the
dishes and making the beds and
earn every cent of his alimony. In
this he is showing a proper spirit.
The growth of feminism is at
tended by added responsibilities.
Among these is the 'duty devolving
upon the " young husband to be
something, more than an ornament
about the house. His right to be
taken care of without giving any
service is a thing of the past. This
right, however, has been replaced
by another one and that is the
right to alimony.
It is not likely, however, that
the experience of Mr. Krause will
deter other young men from mar
rying elderly rich women in order
to avoid work. :
A Los Angeles man, sued for
divorce, filed a cross-bill alleging
that he did the sweeping, bedmak
ing and dishwashing, and the judge
allowed him $40 a month ; tem
porary alimony. A few more such
rulings now and then would re
store man's confidence In our
courts.
A Chicago Judge has ruled that
a man need not pay for drinks
served In a salnnn whfK is nrn
Un .Sunday in ; violation of law.
Thus .confiscation ; of
rights goes merrily on.
property
- The Celilo . canal has" -: been
opened, thus extending navigation
from the Pacific 500 miles further
Into' the Inland Empire. ( There is
to be a big celebration next week,
And Its true significance should not
be overlooked. The canal will 5 be
an asset to the extent it is used.
No waterway can serve its full pur -
puse as a regulator 01 rie uuiess
shippers use the waterway. '
A "German, stimulated by war's
necessities, has invented a process
for making lubricating oil out of
molasses. It's nothing new, for
lots of people have used maple
syrup to make hot griddle cakes go
down easier.
Civilization has, at last, reached
Point -Barrow, at the extreme
northern end of the Horth Amer
ican continent. The roller towel
and the common drinking cup have
been abolished by the natives.
Portland's Rose Festival queen,
like some of her royal sisters in
Europe, may expect . ft bombard
ment but it will be with roses,
not bombs ffom the air.
If everyone could see the dirt In
their own backyard aB easy as they
can " see it on their neighbor's
premises every week would be
"clean-up" week.
"Roumania asks a slice of Aus
trian territory as the price of re
fraining from attacking Austria,
and Italy wants at least two slices.
, What is needed these April days
is a convincing argument in favor
of the job inside.
THE JOURNAL
NATIONAL EDITORIAL
SOUNDING
THE DEPTHS
SPACE
OP
By HENRY NORRI8 RUSSELL
rrofessor of Astronomy, Princeton University.
0'
KE of the most conspicuous move
ments at the moment among
American astronomers is a great
Increase in activity in the measure
ment of the distance of the stars.
Ten years ago only two observatories,
with relatively modest equipment,
were working at this problem. Now
It occupies two-thirds of the time
of the great Yerkes telescope, and
about as large a part of that of half
the other large telescopes in the
country. The distances or pernaps
two hundred of the nearer stars have
been measured with mere or less ac
curacy. At the present rate, the num
ber will be raised to a thousand
within a decade.
What does the astronomer mean by
the "nearer" stars? The answer em
phasises, as nothing else can, the
appalling emptiness of the ocean of
space which surrounds us. If we
should attempt to make a map, or
rather a model, of the positions of
the nearer stars, on sueh a scale
that the earth was one Inch from
the sub, the sun would be represented
by a small grain of sand, i-iiq or an
inch in- diameter, while the earth
would be a hundred times smaller,
and hardly bigger than a microbe.
The stars, too, would appear as
grains of sand, some as small as the
sun, some larger, and a few as big as
rood-sized shot; and they would be
scattered, through utterly empty
space, so sparsely that the distance
from any one to Its nearest neigh
bors would average about five miles.
To describe uch vast distances we
need a new unit of meaiureroent, and
a convenient on j is the distance
whic:. light, advancing steadily at the
rate of 186,000 miles every second,
traverses in a year. Such a 'night
year" is almost exactly represented
by ono mile on the scale of our model.
.
Stars within thirty light-years of
th sun are s now regarded as our
very near neighbors. , Greater "dis
tances, up to a hunared light-years
or so, can be measured with toler
able accuracy by direct observation.
But a majority even of the brighter
stars are certainly far beyond this
limit. We: can estimate their aver
age distanc3 by means of their ap
parent drift across the heavens,
which arises from the actual motion
of our system in the opposite direc
tion, and it is found that almost
half of the stars visible to the naked
eye are more than 400 light-years
distant, while the majority of the
-telescopic stars of the tenth magnitude
are over a thousand light-years from
us, and some of them are three or
four times .as remote. There is clear
evidence that at these great dis
tances the stars are more thinly sown
in space, being two or three times
as far apart as In the region near the
sun. "
To sound the depths of space still
further, yet another method .s being
employed. Certain stars which vary
in brightness, owing to eclipses by
fainter attendants, and others whose
light Undergoes regular variations of
short period, have been sufficiently
studied to make it possible to esti
mate fairly well their real brightness,
which , in some instances is hundreds
of times that of the sun. By com
paring this with "their apparent
brightness in the sky, their distances
may be derived. Studies by Hertz
sprung of Potsdam and by the writer
agree in showing that, in the plane
of the Milky Way, the stars extend
in ail directions to a distance of at
least' eight or ten thousand, light
years, unless indeed space is imper
fectly' transparent, and the - falntness
of these remote stars doe not arise
from their - distance alone. At right
"angles .'to this plane, toward the re
gions of the sky which seem to us
to be much poorer in stars,' things
are otherwise. The stars seem to
thin out considerably at 600 light
yearjj, and none. are found more than
1600 light-years from the central
plane,' which passes about 100 light
years south of the sun.-
. . '
We ' may, therefore, conceive of our,
stellar system as "a vat flattened
- layer? of stars, with no sharp bpun -
dariee, but some two , or three thou -
sand ligbt-years thick, and fifteen
thousand or more in diameter for
in this direction no Investigation!
seem, y.t to have reached its limit. J
Beyond lies empty space, peopled,
perhaps, by other systems remote
from our own, Zndeed, Hertzsprung 1
estimates that the Smaller Magellanic I
Cloud, an isolated patch of star oust
in the southern heavens, is at a djs-
tance of thirty thousand light-years,
Possibly other remoter galaxies may
be visible to us among the still mys
terious spiral nebulae. The great
star-cloud of which our sun is an
Inconspicuous member would be vis
ibleif space is clear as a conspicu
ous nebula, to eyes like ours, a, mil
lion light-years away. But there is
no one who dares say as yet that
anything visible in our heavens is
so" far. away, or even ten times less
remote -Copvrlrbt. 1915.
Letters From . the People
(Commu&ientiona sent to Tbe Journal tor
publication In tbia department abeeltl be writ
ten on only one aide of tbe paper, ebould not
exceed 900 words in length and muat be ac
companied by tbe name and addresa of tbe
gender. If the writer doea not desire to bare
tbe name published, ae should so state.)'
Dlscnsslon is the areateat of all reformera.
It rationalises everything It toarbes. It robs
principles of all false aauctlty and tbrowa them
back on their, reasonableness. If they hae no
reasonableness,' It ruthlessly crashes them out
of existence and seta up its osrn conclusions
la their stead." Woodrow Wilson.
Telephone Slags.
Portland. April 28. To the Editor
of The Journal In compliance with a
request from a local retail merchant,
I submit this article for publication:
The use of a "slug" instead of an
American coin in a telephone coin box
is "theft" and a violation of law. No
one has any more right to use a slug
in payment for telephone service than
In payment for a cigar or other mer
chandise, and has no more right to ac
cess to a telephope coin box than to a
cash drawer.
All telephone coin boxes should be
located out of reach of the public and
in a place convenient to the person in
charge. Persons desirous of telephone
service should hand the coin to the
person in charge, who will deposit
same in the coin box at the proper
time. No fair minded person will ask
or permit a merchant to bear the ex
pense necessary to secure such tele-
phone service. A charge account may
be subject to charge for telephone ser-
vice In the same manner an ihr fw
merchandise.
The contract for one-party line (coin
box) business service provides that
the merchant must pay the telephone
company 16 cents per day. The oon-
tract for two-party line (coin box)
business service 10 cents per day. any ! tne federal district court and the case
excess in either to be equally divided!13 now before the supreme court,
between the merchant and the tele- ' Under this condition our legislature,
phone company. The use of a slug through the clever work of someone,
does not alter the- contract. The tele- ' was induced to step into the breach
phone company should not and does ! with the purpose of saving the rail-
not lose. The contention that a tele
phone company ehould accept "slugs"
in payment for service is absurd.
Any loss sustained by a telephone
company or other public utility com
pany, from any cause, places the com
pany that much nearer a general in
crease of charge ,for service as pro
vided by law, and which' may be di
rected by the state railroad commis
sion. Moral: JBe honest and don't "crimp"
your conscience by being a cheap 6
cent "slugger." E0. WORD.
Victor Hugo's Daughter.
From the Philadelphia Ledger.
The lot of some of the children of
Victor Hugo's imagination was hap
pier than that of his youngest daugh
ter, who has Just died at 85. The
onthnr ri Ati.er.Thia" mirht h,
woven a tale of tragedy and shadow
from the darkened life of his own off-
spring. As in the case of Dickens, the !
biography of the writer may partially ,
is understood that the death of an
other daughter, Leopoldine, and her
husband, in 1843. left its legible in
fluence in tho greater earnestness of
his mood in poetry or prose, in fiction
or unpractical political and social
fantasy, supplanting to a great extent
his passion for the drama.
When Hugo died, his body lay in
state under the Arc de Trlomphe, and
the relics of the guardian saint of
T ... .-it- taban vm-r tf.a PanthAn
Pantheon
i. 1, ,
10 ivuia iui ihwj wuuui 1 1 1 c ical
ntiM nf the earth desired to honor,
it.. ,., TO-w,.
a hero of the people; inspired orator,
devoted and courageous patriot, im
passioned' laureate, his was a figure
for the homage of his countrymen and
of the world. Yet all this time Adele
Hugo, her reason gone, lived a life of
taciturn seclusion, unable to appre
ciate her father's genius or his -glory.
There Is no tale from his pen more
pathetic than her story in its poignant
contrast to the life he ' led and the
great name he made.
Schools That Find Themselves.
From the New Republic.
Vocational training In the Oary
schools means that whatever work Is
necessary in the way of repairing, con-
serving, beautifying or enhancing the
facilities, is done by the school Itself.
These large, lavishly equipped modern
school buildings require a force of me-
chanics to keep them In repair. Their
shops are the industrial and manual
shops for the school. The children
work in them witn sauiea union woric
men. who are employed not primarily
as "manual training" teachers, but as
assistants ta the building superin
tendent. The mechanics teach by allowing the
children to help them as apprentices.
They earn their salaries by repair and
construction work, while the children
who desire it get an incomparable vo
cational training at practically no cost
to the town. Where the ordinary
trade school must have large classes I
to make tne enterprise pay, me uary
vocational work may be done with the
smallest groups, for the shops are pay
ing for themselves anyway.
Good Roads in Multnomah.
From the Seattle Times.
Portland, Or., advances to a definite
place in the good roads procession, by
the carrying in Multnomah county of
a road bond measure, providing $1,
250,000 for Improving 70 miles of
trunk highways.
While probably only 40 per ent of
the registered vote went to the polls,
the verdict ln favor of goods roads is
S to 1.
The success of the bonds means that
hard surface pavements will be laid
on highways known as Base Line,
Sandy, Columbia River, Powell, Fos
ter, Canyon. Capital and St. Helens
It Is high time for a movement lead
ing to highway construction in the
wealthiest and most densely populated
portion of Oregon. The contrast with
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGE
j. Nlnt.tentns of a 1Btn.ik la of no
1 earthly Importance,
has lost all interest in life.
- I
whilHheTeer bolls -tn water
,
onwnTuasTgly .a
mud fence.
Theory and practice are somewhat
. airrerent as young lawyers or physl-
le"
Sometimes a wife who spends all
her liusband's money thinks she is
economical just because she spends it
a little at a time.
?Cf t Anlv tin., a vmi . n . . n
I , . ' J wv, a. ...... 1 n ail V
hear both sides of a question, but he
1 want to near even one siae.
He wants to tell it.
There la fun in fishing, but for a
day of genuine pleasure there is noth
ing that beatd staying at camp and
guarding the bait.
The man and wife should belong to
the same church. Since she must Took
after the religion for both, it is better
not to have it scattered.
"
Blue blood may be. all right for. so
called aristocrats, but the old-fashioned
crimson brand is good enough
for men who do things.
a,
And It Ja sometimes the case that
a man thinks his wife ought to feel
grateful when he gives her money
with which to buy laundry soap.
It is far easier for a woman to mix
the ingredients of a cake than it is
for her husband not to mix the shop
ping instructions she gives him.
As soon as a woman is through tak
ing on over one new thing she com
mences telling her husband of some
thing else that she can't do without.
THAT 0. &'C. LAND
BAKES SEKOCIIAXl It has just
been made public that on the closing
night of the legislative "session a reso
lution bearing on the Southern Pacific
land grant case was rushed through
both houses. It was done so quietly
that even Attorney General Brown did
r-ot know of its real provisions until
some time after adjournment. The
land grant case involves title to 2.300,
000 acres of land in western Oregon.
The land was given to the old Oregon
& California company on condition it
be sold to settlers at a price not
greater than $2.50 per acre. The grant
was so worded as to require a for
feiture of the land to the government
if the terms of the grant were not
complied with by the company. The
! rallroa company did not comply with
!ts contract. On the other hand the
1 s now i tni"r ii w
an extent that most'of the land re
mained unpurchased. The railroad
having violated its contract, the land
is subject to forfeiture to the govern
ment and suit was brought for this
purpose. The government won before
road company from paying the Just
penalty for failure to comply with the
terms of the grant. The plan fof the
resolution was evidently to retain Its
land and. now sell it for 2.60 per acre.
This is not what the government has
been fighting for and naturally there
19 astonishment over the action taken.
If the legislature's step is effective it
apparently will mean about $6,000,000
to the Southern Pacific company and
possibly a sum very much larger than
that.
e
FXITSKXTO EAST OaSOOHIAH:
In an attempt to explain the joker reso
lution passed by the legislature in
reference to the Southern Pacific land
grant case the Oregonian wails about
"reservation." It does not want the
government to win tne suit against, me
I railroad comDany because the land
. . . . . .
j would be taken from use. The fact
the land has been held In cold storage
MR. VAIL ON INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS
By John M. Osklson.
Theodore N. Vail, head of the great
telephone trust, Is a. prophet of In
dustrial conditions with honor in his
own country. Along with James J.
Hill he has wona high place as an
elder statesman of American business.
So Mr. Vail's recent comments, in a
letter to American. Telephone and Tele-
i gi aph company's fetoeanoiacrs con-
. pprnitiff unemployment ana
, e - -
are-of exceptional value.
! American industries, h says.
are
based on agriculture, manufacturing
and transportation. In the last 25
years, the capital represented in them
has about doubled.
In public service and manufacturing
about $1,600,000,000 a year has been
added in the quarter century; In that
time, persons employed in these lines
have doubled In number, and their pay
has increased 130 per cent, to over $3.
500,000,000 a year.
"In enterprises . of transportation
and intercommunication," he wrote,
"the capital increased over $15,000,0 J0,
000 or an average of $600,000,000 a
year; employes over 175 per cent, with
j :
. Seattle and the state of Washington
j . been painfUl to the citizens of
. Opeon .lnce ln King county alone
' 0re"' 81 nce fVj J. aved
i more than a hundred miles of .P?f
i country roads radiate rrom Sfiatue,
and the county has a road program
i oalculated to almost double the mile-
, iinHn; th nresent year.
But Oregon, in Multnomah county's
vote for bonds, has at last maOo ita
start toward road building. The ver
dict Is one which the people of this
.... whrt or deeDly interested ln
permanent highways all along trie
coast, receive with feelings of satis
faction,
The Acid Test.
From the Washington Star.
"What ! the acid test of affec-
"A willingness to eat any kind of
salad that a woman likes."
IRONMASTER DECLARES
PROSPERITY ADVANCING
San Francisco, April 28. (U. P.r
John A. MoGregor, president of the
Union Iron works, declared today
that his tour of the United States,
Just completed, convinced him that
the nation was entering a period of
great prosperity.
"Optimism Is the kepnote of busi
ness all over the country," said Mc
Gregor. "A period ofprosperity and
commercial activity is anticipated
and. ln act. Is already being experi
enced ln some sections. Almost
every Industry In the land Is feeling
the first waves of the ocean of pros
perity." t
"i f
AND NEWS IN BRIEF.
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Taxpayers of Gilliam county will, on
May Z1. meet to complete the organi
sation of a taxpayers1 leagues
-The Salem Journal exhorts business
men of Salem to go right ahead "get-
tin everybody in line for a Ureater
Salem campaign that .will make Salem
me finest capuaicitr in the west."
Petitions askinar for a new rlt tioll
have been circulated in Tillamook, and
have received hundreds ef signatures.
The Herald welcomes the movement.
asserting that the building now in use'?" river, put in machinery, and
is "a disgrace t the city.71 (bring freight up to the Kettle river
mines. This boat was made of timbers
Baker, optimism, as voiced by the l whipsawed out of trees we cut down.
f?elld: "W1ih mn indications of t The timbers were fastened togotner by
good .grain, sheep an3 cattle seasons, wooden niim. Th. n-w,, T.Tt"
wun .umber mills res u ml n a- and wlthi
mines starting, the Baker district la
destined to be even more prosperous
than before."
. '';..';''.
anerwooo. journal: "Life" says
"Silence is the college yell of the
school of experience,;1 Thafs all verv
well, but Sherwood and Tualatin will
be better and more favorably known if
we all get out and make an effort to
promote the best interests of the com
munity, -
Speaking of ' the business of the
coyote hunter, the Condon Times says:
"The boys ar digging out the dens
and generally get the old she coyote
and her litter of pups, which average
from four to nine. When vou flrura
. these at $3 per scalp, it runs into
money. There is no .doubt the days
of the coyote in Gilliam county are
numbered"
Silver Lake Leader: During the in
stitute the uniaue fact was developed
rnnntv to a knmt.t.iH.r vlth hA w .
cepion of two. and thee belong to
homesteaders' families. This is' a fact
true probably of no other 'county In
the United States. Another fact about
our teachers in this county, they are
nearly all single, and singularly, at
tractive. GRANT RESOLUTION
for half a century by the railroad com
pany does not bother the Portland pa
per in the least. It is only when pub
lic resources become conserved In the
interests of the people that the Ore
gonian worries. The explanation made
by the Oregonian makes it perfectly
clear why the resolution was rushed
through. It was a great stroke of
business and shows the value from the
Southern Pacific standpoint of a policy
of harmony around the state bouse.
That Southern Paelfio Joker resolu
tion smacked of the olden days.
REWBEBO ESTEKPIUSZ I Attor
ney General Brown must have felt
very foolish as he Journeyed several
thousand miles to the capital of our
nation carrying in his pocket that leg
islative resolution asking the supreme
court to make a present of $50,000,000
worth of real estate to the railroad
company, said real estate being the
property of the government. And tor
think that any self respecting lawyer
should be required to stand up before
the supreme court and present such, a
request!
ORAHTS PASS COTOIEXl The O.
&. C. land grant case is now before the
court of last resort, and soon the
valuable acres will be returning reve
nue to. the various counties again. If i
the lands are forfeited to the govern- i
ment the revenue may not come for a.
tiniu In tliA wnv ftf tAVffJl- but t h,r, t t
more value to a community in a good
home builder, even though he is not
yet a taxpayer upon his homestead,
than there is in the bare taxes paid
by the railroad company while it holds
the lands undeveloped. The people will
win a great victory if the lands are
ordered distributed by the government.
The loss of the taxes paid by the rail
road company upon these lands .has
been much of a hardship upon' the
counties of southern and western Ore
gon, but it is not so much of a hard
ship as the return of the lands to the
keeping of
the corporation to hold
wlthout development would be. If the
railroad is found by the supreme
court. as by the lower court, to have
violated the terms of the grant. It
should lose the lands.
an Increase ln yearly compensation of
$1,350,000,000, or over 200 per cent."
In manufacturing and public service
work the normal number employed at
this time should be It, 000, 000. But
inere are xuiiy .uju.uuu unemployed, sure of his rights and at no time wan
whose yearly earnings should be at i lie doubtful of the outcome. Ills cam
least 11.150,000,000. These unemployed i!gn at Copperfield might have
are not living at the expense of their Crete bed a few points of teohnlnai
savings, their friends, or the public." 4 law, although this remains yet to he
.The trouble is, according to Mr. Vail,
that the manufacturing and public
service companies can't get capital to
go ahead with work that ought to be
done. People who own the money have
lost confidence ln the companies. At
the least, they need a billion a year
to keep up with the demands upon
them as "going" and "growing" com.
panies. -
If Mr. Vail is right, unemployment
varies with the boldness and the timid
ity of capital; and when our Invest
ors regain confidence the workers now
out of a job will go back to work.
It Is an Interesting "circle of indus
trial conditions"' we follow In this
country, but one alarmingly easy to
break!
A FEW SMILES
-I
Two young fellows recently
tended a tea for which they
at
had
bought tickets at
IS cents each.
Tbe profits were
to go toward the
Belgian fund. One
of them, after
consuming four
cups of tea. six
ham sandwiches.
a plate of bread
and butter, two teacakes, five jam
tarts and four large buns. Was passing
his ciip for the fifth time when be
turned to his friend and said in a
serious tone:
"I think every man should encour
age a thing of this sort. It's for a
good cause, you know."
A'ice, an enthusiastic- motorist, was
speaking . to her
friend Maude in re
lation to the slow
ness of a certain
young man at pro
posing. "Charley seems to
start easy, she re
marked, "and he
speeds up well;
but just at the critical moment he al
ways skidi. ': ; , ' : - "
. ' . Tempos Fuglt. ;
v " Philadelphia Telegraph.
"Why, ; what In the world nas
some of your watch? The onm yoa
used to have had a handsome gold
case."-- "
"I know it did," but circumstances
alter cases."
Aix XATS"
By 9r XmUst. SpaeiaJ 8U Writer f
Tbe testf!.
"In the winter of 1S,60-1 my father.
w, H. Gray, bulU a boat feet long.
Mwlt 12 foot beam, at the head of the
' Okanogan river." said Captain W. P.
Gray, the pioneer river navigator, who
has been selected as admiral of th
fleot during the celebration of the
opening of the Celilo canal.
"His idea was to taka it u t r.
.v.- - ... . "
the seams was made from wild flax
and It was put in with pitch gathered
irom gum, on the trees near Osoyoos
lake. It went down the river in May,
1881. Father took it to Deschutes
about two miles ebove Celilo, and fit
ted it up with mast and sails and start
ed for Lewlston with goods for the
mines at Oreflno and Pierce City.
"Tho discovery of the ,gold mines
In Idaho and the disorganisation of
the rive? traffio with the cutting of
rates, caused the owners of the differ
ent steamboats and sailboats to com
bine and form the Oregon Steam Navi
gation company. The boats took the
freight from Portland to lower Cas
cades. There the goods were trans
ferred to wagons and taken to upper
Cascades, on the Washington side. On
the Oregon side there was a wooden
railroad with mule power from Brad-
rora s Landing to ur nor CiwadnH.
I 1"t" was aiSO
was also a waaon road from
TheJalles to Deschutes. In tha spring
of f(6! aa iron railroad was put In
around the cascades on the Washing
ton side. Next spring, the spring of
1863, the railroad from The DuJles to
. . 1 1.
"In the old days, Columbus, in
Klickitat county, on the Washington
side, was an important point, for it
was the natural roadway Into central
Oregon by way of Spanish Hollow. It
was in 18SS that Captain A. P. Ankenjr,
Billy Gates and Billy parson built,
tho Spray, and Captain Len White
built the Kyus, while my father built
the Cafecadilla. Next spring, in '1883.
the People's Transportation comitanv.
which was strong on the Willamette
river, built the Iris to ply between the
upper Cascades and The Dalles. They
formed a combination with Captain
White and Captain Ankeny to run the
Spray and the Kyus clear through to
Lewlston. For a while there wro vervr
lively competition between ,the Oregon
Steam Navigation company - and the
People's Transportation company.
Eventually tho Oregon Steam Nhviga
tlon company agreed to keep of of th
Willamette river if the Teople's Trans
portation company would not operate
on the Columbia.
"By 1879. thertllowing boat were
operating above Celilo: Harvest Queen,
D. 8. Baker, Annie Faxan, Almoin.
John Gates, Spokane, New Teiiino,
Northwest. .
"Prior to 1881, tl.e whole traffic of
the Inland .-Empire was carried on the
river. In 1881. the O. K. & N. K. It. Co.
was completed, and thut, of .ourse,
helped to kill the river traffic;, but
with the opening of the Celilo canal,
the river will onie back Into i's own
and commerce will be unshackled"
THE WEST VERDICT
, cuuiciuii rvUMt, uregonian: isy ver
dict of a Baker county Jury It has Been
decreed that the Copperfield mayor
saloonkeeper is entitled to no damages
froin ex-Governor West for tbe sec
ure of his liquor stock while the little
town was under martial law. The de
cision is important in several ways.
irBt. it shows that in the minds of
Jurors the governor was Justified in
taking drastic action to clean up con
ditions la Copperfield. The failure of
the suit for damages as well of
former mi its brought In the linker
; courts indk-ates the governor has au-
', thonty to handle violations of tho
liquor laws when he finds local offl-
ccrs unfaithful to their trust. The de
cision Is a vindication of Governor
West and will be Indorsed by all who
believe in law and order.
Milton Kagle: Oswald West Is a
unique cnarauter and although ha did
many things of which his party use.
dates and closest friends did not ap
prove, be has few official acts to his
credit which will not stand the text
of law or public opinion. OrUlharlly
a change of venue might have been
secured ln this trial. But West wan
j proven, but the provocation was great
and he has been vindicated by a Jury
of citUens who reside in the name
county where the trouble aroe. There'
is more behind the West trial than
is Involved ln the present case alone.
There is a precedent set which will
likely be a strong Influence in .future
ttoubles of the kind. Motive must
have formed a large part of the basis
on which the Jury decided the case.
Just, ended. The motive actuating the
saloon men was to ee Just how far
they oouM disobey the law and yet
remain GUre, while that of tbe govt
ernor was one for the good of the
public. ,
Salem Statesman: The friends of
Oswald West in Salem, and through
out Oregon, will congratulate him
that he won out in tfee ult ef the
Copperfield saloonkeeper. The saloon
keeper did not come into court with
clean hands.
A IJeautlful Defendant.
From the Kansas City Journal.
"1 want you to make the outfit for
my trial."
"Let me see." mused the experienced
modiste. "You'll want a direct testi
mony suit, a cross-examination gown,
and something dainty and clinging to
faint In."
.Finn to the Last. .
From the Kansas City Star.
Nurse ftaking his temperature
filr, you are in danger; your tempera
ture Is 104.
Business Man When it reaches 100,
sell. -
The Sunday Journal
The Great Home Newspaper,
j: consists of
Four news sections replete with
Illustrated features.
Illustrated magazine of quality.
Woman's pages ol rare merit.
Pictorial news supplement. ,
Superb eomie section. .
5 Cents the Copy
"The Biggest 5-Cents Worth
in Type."