- , . - , . . -Jv'iW-v-v.V.w:- .-VK -. v;:.t : t-'-. d : , , :
.- i ' 1 1 -I' r 1 4 THE - QirepONj-SUNDAYS JOURN
Why Stars
Twinkle in the Sky
.J- : . ; .
Do Brain Waves REALLY Exist?
rPTHEBE is absolutely no scientific proof roat there is Is
... i . ...
I of tne existence of "brain waes.
55
OW oftett you may have beard a little
child ask:: "What makes the 'stars
twinkle ?"! Perhaps you answered with
a bit of verse or poetic fancy, not knowing
the real scientific reason.
Here it Is: .
Although we live upon its surface, we
are not outside the earth, but at! the bottom
of a sea of air which forms the earth's outer
most crust and extends above our heads to a
height of many miles. We cannot see the
stars save .as we look through this atmos
phere, and the light which comes through, it
Is bent, and ofttimes distorted as to pre
sent serious obstacles toj any accurate tele-.
Bcopic stuay or tne neayeniy Domes.
Frequently this disturbance Is visible tof
the . naked eye, and the; stars are said to
7- : : ' r
Earwig Type Most
Maligned Insect
nnHE earwig, one of the most familiar
X types of insect life fjmnd in garden and
field, has been much maligned. So says W.
Harold S. Cheavin, F. R. &I. S., a well-known
BritlshJBCientisL !
A great dislike for the earwig has ex
isted for centuries because of belief that it
delights to creep into the human ear and
cause, death. The name, says: t'roressor
Cheavin, probably helps to keep alive this
idea, which is absurd to entomologist. He
contends that insects considerably smaller
than the earwig would have trouble in en
tering the human ear, and in nearly every
is a fourth
attempt would fall. The earwig;
of an Inch long.
That It is chiefly responsible fop
age to pet plants isanother absurd
about this insect, says
Research proves that it lis a boon
pest, feeding largely on
lice, and preferring dead
vegetables.
apblde
insects
twinkle--i. e., to quiver and change color
many times a second, solely in consequence
of a disturbed condition of the lair and not
from anything which goes on in the star.
The effect is more riarked low down in
the sky than in the zenith. t is worth
knowing that the -planets show very little
of it, because the light they send to earth
comes from a disk of sensible area, while a
star, being much small ;r and farther from
the earth, has its disk x iduced practically to
a mere point whose li?ht is more readily
affected by local disturbances in the atmos
phere than is the broader beam which comes
from the planet's disk. j
At all times, whether the stars
or not, their light is
through the atmosphere i
pear to stand higher up :
true positions.
To the atmosphere,
vapor and dust, is duej
ing of day that we call
ever seen the twilight
eastern sky just after
from a hilltop-or some
open view to the east.
i
' None of . the people who accept their
i .i
existence ever has been able even to suggest
wht material they might be composed f.
These two statement, were made by Sir
. Ray pankester in the course of a discussion
of hi findings on this subject recently, j His
opinions, he asserts, are being accepted by
the! thinking men and women of the world
everywhere.
.There is(no apparatus in connection vith
the! human brain which can reasonably be
supposed to act as a "detector" and convert
'supposed brain waves into a sensible farm,
as is necessary In the operation of rire
less telegraphy. Moreover, supposing that
there is some undiscovered detector appa
ratus, like the Marconi coherer, acting so
as to receive the undiscovered but assumed
brain waves discharged intermittently by a
distant brain," what agreement has been
made between the owner of one brain and
the: wner of another corresponding to the
Morse alphabet?
Without some such code the brain waves j
could convey no such information, and yet in
none of those who think they hare received
"telepathic" communications profess to have
any knowledge of a code, or to be able tjo in
terpret intermittent signaling by brain
waves.
"It appears now," said Sir Ray Sankes
ter, "that, though some of the believers in
telepathy have entertained the notion that
the sense organs and the substance of the
brain are acted on by imaginary brain waves
emanating from distant brains, yet that the
latei Mr. F. Myers and other leading be
lievers in 'telepathy' disavow altogethei any
explanation of 'telepathy' as arising from
the action of waves or impulses upor the
sense organs or physical structures oi' the
recipient. ' The orthodox appears to be now
Comfortable
imftthlnff AsilWI 'snirlt' Inde
pendent of matter! and its associated modes
of rnotjon, anjthat telepathy is clue to the
commiinicatiobj o spirittj with spirits' in
their own unidaown ways; j . .'
j Tfcere docsj ncjt seem to be much for a
ireasonable mnp to say v ben such assump
tions are made, jsxcept that thejr ate as
s iimpt: ons an alpogethei unwarranted as
aumpt ons. Axe the statements as to facts
hich are saLljto. iiecessitate the supposition
that o le human mind can communicate with,
a nother without making n$e of th ordinary
channels of t ie senses sufficiently well sup
ported to wa:n-ani; their acceptance? They
s.re of1 two disilnct groups :.
"A record of experiments on persons in
which the a m was to transfer! x selected
image:! from in initiating to aj-receiving'
mind by mere thought, and without any ap
peal to the sease rgans. The reality of th
transfer is esjUma ted by comparing the num
ber of identities obtained in the thought of
he initiator a nd the guess of tte receiver
Vith tjhose wlLlch would be: obtained by mere
coincidence in a long series of trials.
"Hj is a curious and significant fact that
a ilong series of experiments in this
jthought transfer rence it was found tha,t
when jthe perspns acting as initiator and re
ceiver! respectively were in separate rooms
jthe guess of jthe receiver as to what had
been thought Cif by the Initiator was not more
freanentlv cbrrec ; than was to be exoected
by unbiased joinjeidencej i but when the-fre-
fceiver and thie initiator were in the same
oom ninety sacc!sses wi;re recorded in 617
trials, where! las if due to unbiased coin
cidence, there! should have been nly eight
"The stortes tof apparitions iof distant
persons to thejr friends, either at some very
pr at or soon after death.
Homes for Snakes
jcritical moment,
are credible lh sd far as
icurrence now
i tlons
and then
they record the oc-
of such halludna-
L
Wasting Our Maple Sugar Material
OU J-eceritly learned
tionait cement show
sanitary cement bathtubs
Y
these bathtubs being constructed exclu
twinkle
bent in its passage
so that the stars sp
in the sky than their
i I
with its suspended
also, that lengtheh-
twilight. Have ytfu
arch rise up in the
(sunset? Look for it
other place with an
THE 'demand for maple sugar in; the
United States, it is said, is ten times
greater than the supply, although this! sup
ply, is 47,000,000 pounds annually, r But! then
statistics show that only half of the trees
available for the purpose are utilized. This
means that many of our farmers even those
of Indiana not excepted are neglecting to
take advantage of an important source of.
income.
Science has turned its inquisitorial eye
more than once on the sugar tree, but, sa far,
has failed to solve Its mystery. Investiga
tion -has merely recorded certain facia; it
has not explained them. It is known, lor
instance, that the sugar maple is far more"
particular than the uninitiated suspect. For
its sap to flow, nights must be cool, clea r and
still, with the temperature at least 10 de
crees
i
warm
ling to!
there
J i
weiow jxreezmg ;
I here
them,
and sunny,
But there
the days must be
with the temperature ris-
30 degrees kbove freezing, aind, finally,
must be a fall of rain or of snow after
If our r five successive days of such weather
or the sap will cease to flow.
hardly more of a mystery
is in the fact that the
is
than there
He needs
slvely for the
along similar
use of pigs.
lines has
The government of Brazil
Paulo a snake
vlded with concrete houses.
The snakej
farmer who has the trees to tap fails to tap
dam-idea
Professor Cheavin.
, and not a
and! plant
to fruit or
. 1 . 1 j 1 j hi j 1 ' 1 '
Mother Goose Not Mere Book Character, but Lived and Breathed
Ti it OTHER GOOSE, joy of our childhood , . . -.mx. M,M,w,.,i.W(WW!, i j fullness. No bobble skirt tor her.l B sum
M
l i i i 1
You May Not Know
OTHER GOOSE, joy of our childhood
days, ; was not a creature of story
books i alone ras you doubtless supposed--but
a real flesh and blood woman !
The real name Of .TMother; Goose" was
Elizabeth Foster. Boston has the right to
claim her as its own, as she was born there
in 1665. She married Isaac Vergoese, other
wise Goosed in 1692.. she. lived in Boston
until the advanced age of 92, kept young and
happy reciting nursery' rhymes which she
composed. ; .
Though she was always fond of telling
stories for children she composed these
rhymes that bear her name to entertain her
own- grandchildren, he told them over
time and again to the
laughter and shouts
the production;
bites and for
fact that all
no demonstration to prove
! if i j -
to him that the weather conditions favorable
for the flow of sugar sap are favorable for
little work about the farm. And he needs,
surely, no reminder that an eager! ;
able market ajwaijts the product, jwhy, then,
only jhalf thd product available is collected.
j and why half of this natural Resource is
j wasted is perplexing to the ordinary mind.
farm Where
that at
held id
were
New Information
reached
farm serve the double put
pose of providingva supply of material for
for snake
of serum antidote
educating he public to the
snakes are not venomous. A
concrete wall high enough to keep the snakes
from crawling out surrounds the farm, but
it is low enough to allow visitors a chance to
see over.
It is by this means that this educational
and profit- work is carried on. Familiarity breeds con
If yfc
; the na
Chlcago shown
what
At any rate that
and Is happening here
Inside the wall is
also lined with concrejt
connect the snake houses.
America.
maintains at Sao
reptiles are pro-
happened
a water-filled trench,
e, while cement walks
At nignt tne
snakes are herded into these double-shaped
structures and the doors are closed. In the
morning an attendant jwakes up the reptiles
by prodding them wUh a stick through a
hole in the door, afte r which the doors are
removed and the snakes come, out for their
morning bath in the trench.
Paper Clothes New
Japanese Fashion
...
1
tempt here as elsewhere.
snake that ydu have believed to
gerous enemy
see a
a dan-
playing with its master, each!
day you gradjaally alter your opinion of it.
ers of "kamiko, as
lied in Japan, Is said
3e than flannels. The
in it, and though soft
er of silk wadding Is
eet of the paper and
Siberian winter this
I
sixteen
varieties of
sugar may be ob-
N iail'LEAlE-NT ha$ Been patentea ror
J" slicing a boiled egg evenly.
x-i EYLON produces
I J palms from which
tained.
Wuviiis wire poies ior electric wires or
lights, have been invented by a Chi-
Icagoan.
I a PATENT has been
. nister in which teas
curately blended by an amateur.
T ITCHBLENDE has
XT India and a syndicate has been formed
to exploit the deposits for radium
a NEW form of railroad Ucket, by being
accompaniment of
of joy. i: It was not
until 1719 that her rhymes were collected
and published by her
Fleet. These facts are only of value be
cause they make the lovely character or
Do Nof Think She Re f
f, TT A.I .3
and give her
this to show
hobble skirt Tor her.
plenty I of flare
her white
sltoct
Be sure
She wants
klngd and the
son-in-law, Thomas
Mother Gpose that we know and lovelmore
interesting. I
The fa'vorite story teller we know rears
a large mopcap that hangs down, cotering
the ears !a?nd crowned with a high point.
i
none
Interesting Facts About
granted for a can-
or coffees can be ac-
been discovered in
t punched, a few times, can
serve for 800 different stations.
w (ROM France enmps
JP pin, the prongs being;
Its springs to hold it In place.
a juiiN in tne siot machine has been in
fx vented for checking
fimall packages in publid
rX, A famous German
L have been erected life-size models; of the
huge beasts of prehistoric times.
- -
F GERMAN invention
Vlue printing apparatus that so Reflects
the. rays from an arc lamp that all parts of
It he print are illuminated evenly
he made to
a two-pronged nat-
so shaped as to act
umbrellas, canes or
places.!
: - !! i
anima park there
is
an electric
Asks Physicians to
Write in English
THE New , York Medical Journal urges
physicians to write prescriptions in Eng
lish, Contending that fewer mistakes will be
made In putting up m edicines. "If a med
ical substance has anp effect except upon
the Imagination it will have that effect as
much when! written in English as in perfect
Latin," says the periodical. It adds that
doctors still write their prescriptions ire
Latin because their ancestors did so, and
perhaps because-it impresses tie patient, but
the names of the drugs now used "look as"
formidable in English as in Latin." i '
' . . j -
Bamboo Blooms Every j
Half Century
CERTAIN species of bamboos flower only
once. in fifty-five years, and, strangely
enough, all the trees j in a locality flower
about the same time. Those In Burma began
flowering last year ana now are all in blos-
I A i
those that spring from the seeds born of this
flowering will take their places and wjll not
flower until about 1970. They may flower
sporadically at other times, but.thej seed
does not! mature, for the bamboo cannot
fertilize ftself.
".!"
ii
Her dress is just! as odd.
any. color sine ybu like,
too Ion,
ornamented
the sleeves
g. th
(with
i i
j iave
It is fashioned of
none too tight and
e skirt is quilted and 'is
wide side panniers, while
more than their share of
black slippe -s ornamented with silver
colonial shoe bucklesl I
Do not thiik she resembles a witch; not
a bit of it. 1 hough her features i re promt-,
nent she has u fascinating face aid a keen,
bright look. She does not carry a broom
stick; nothing more jpor ljess than a crook,
and goes acconpanied! by i flock cf geese.
Though wis may not di her. full homage
she is the frind of ciildripn the world over.
There are many languages, but! none too
many to embrace the ("Mother Goose"
rhymes. As 1 he children js story ! a6j says,
"We all love these nursery rhymes because!
they have plenty of atlon Still tiiey are so
childlike in their simpUcity., I call her the
patron saint jof the bursary.
versa! favorite."
and
OHIRTS and dra
Opaper clothing is
to be more comforta
paper has little "life
and warm, a thin. la
placed between two s
the whole is auilted.
When weathering
sort of clothing especially appeals to the sol
dier ;of Japan. The Retail price for a vest
is about $1. for drawers about $2.50. and for
a cholera belt about 25 cents. The paper
clothing is not washable an only draw-
backL
i No statistics of manufacture of paper
Clothing In Japan Is available, but it In said
that1 a firm in Yokohama is supplying large
quantities of
army, j It is
strong enough!
ordinary way
lceable. . . .
paper shirts to the Russian
made of tough,, soft fabric,
to hold buttons sewn on lutlie
and apiJears to be very serv-
Some New Facts
b;
our uni-
Radium a Cure
For Skin Cancer
som. i The Hast time
was In 1859-60. The
RADIUM is an efficient and satisfactory
means in the treatment of skin cancer,
! according! to. Dr. A- Schuyler Clark "of New
York, who recently read a paper on thljs sub
ject befoire the United Medical Society of
that cityj He cited many cases in proof of
his contention. , .
The special point made by Dr. Clark was
that ' all the cases treated by the single or
missive dose method that is to say j with
one treatment of very high power healed
kindly, and none of them have recurred. He
said that many of the cases when treated
with repeated small doses either refuse to
heal or recur after a short time. The scars
left by' the healing after, one
This
Dosrs P
this species
will now
flowered
die and
dose
are
smooth, nearly level, and show a minimum
amount of deformity.
Old
World
All
i
study t of
Among -her
characteristic, 'for
ossess
Hiimari Traits
- At RS. E2 Y. ELTONHEAD bias recently
X V X completed an interesting
human, characteristics in dogs.
findings are these :
"Grief is a certain
, many dogs have sought he missing ones and
havd watched th ;ir lived away oj the graves
of the one t whom their lives were devoted.
"pelf-respect is evident to anyone who
has made a istudr of dogs. Frolic and play
are evelopjjd from puppyhood until real old
age stiffens jjnuscles and loss of teeth forbids
. the carrying; of ball or other plaything. ; -
"Shrewdness is a trait, for where a dog
has j been 'pe: and jja child enters into
the family yjou v ill see at once the sulkiness
and olslike jshov nn by the usurped one and
sometimes even a tendency to revenge on
one who caused the change. I ;,
"One trait that Is especially human is
lacking in dogs. They do not pretend to do
what they do noi ; feel and mean, 'and in this
mankind caft take him as a model with ben-
bf men.1 ,
is a trait met with both in fine
another dog Sharing
tnOflfof anrl of pooo V(
of Ours
dog is the more likely he s to be
jealous of
in the affection of his
efit tb the wtorld
"Jealous
and commo
Drink Water and
Live a Centurv
' . J !! . i "
Aiuiuaiiaii mjitrunei. uuubui mat any
one can live to b 100 years old, barring
accidents, if he drinks enough water.: He
' declares he has discovered that.'old age is
due to a deer. ase in jthe amount of water in
the system, and that Father Time may be
checkmated': by syst4matljc water drinking
during middh: age.
; Firearms as War's
Greatest Menace
' Y7IREARM8 cause the greater ber cent of
17 wounds suffered In war. Not exceeding
the result of
3 per cent are
swords, lances and the
stabs by bayonets.
like. Iti our civil
war 90 per cept of gunshot wounas were in
flicted by the
5 per cent by
dogs, and
the more loyal the
hand rifle, pistol and revolver,'
artillery and about
by the bayonet, sword and other
st rumen
3 per cent
cutting ln-
1 ITS of gum camphor kept with silver
will prevent the latter becoming dark.
JAPAN recently launched a battleship with
all of its engines at d guns in place.
- .'!;; '. 1 f :- :
AUSTRIA'S popula Hon this year has been
officially estimated at almost 29,000,000.
:! ff : ., . '
A TRIANGULAR t ay to hold a piece of
pie unharmed in a. lunch box has been
invented. '
TilE government of British Honduras is
erecting at power Jul wireless station at
Belize. . j , , . " . -
a PAPER drinkingTcup that is unfolded
J by the weight off water flowing into it
has 'been invented.
TJSSIA'S annual production of salt.
Which fl rnvcrnmcnf mnnnnnlv nvnfrnl.
exceeds 2,100,000 toni
SO THAT fish cafi be boiled thoroughly
without losing their form Is the purpose
of anew wire basket
: 1 ,: '.. 4 , "i - ' '
THIS year's sugar crop of the Phllp
J pines promises to be the greatest In the
history of the Islandiu
' -f
FOH indoor target practice a pistol from
whfeh a ping ping ball is shot by a
spring has been patented.
1 .
SIDE wind shields, to be fastened to auto
mobile doors so as to swing with them,
are an English inven tion.
FpGR handling freight cars at Cleveland
a large railroad lias installed electric lo
comotives which run on separate tracks and
push the cars with side arms.
Ri
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