9
GERMANS FORMULATINp PEACE DEMANDS
NEWS FROM FORE
FRANCE'S PHYSICAL
POLISH VILLAGERS
STAMINA RENEWED
SEE WAR'S BLIGHT
JOBLESS IN GERMANY ARE DECREASING
GERMANS ARE FIRMLY
CONFIDENT OF HAVING
'PLACES IN THE SUN'
Say-- Nation's Colonies After
the "War Will Surpass All
-That Have Been Lost, .
MILITARY LIFE IS SAID
TO BE- REGENERATING
THE FRENCH SOLDIER
s s
Mr
Army Doctors Declarp -That
i War Has Renewed Physi
cal Stamina of. Nation, ,
3 i -
ANTICIPATE ONLY VICTORY
-'f i i-V A
COMPLETE CHANGE NOTED
THE. OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. SUNDAY MORNINGS MARCH 21,-1915.
I.- H i : I1 -I - r - - i ;l---1: - '
;iGN CAPITALS
MAI rfl Hi
Hi i
T V VV
Imperialists Iormulat Demands In
vftnni of Peace, but the liberals
Counsel Caution.
Hy Frederick Werner.
Berlin, March t 20. When Germany
almost with one blow was deprived of
her colonies, it cannot bej denied that
the loss of theseVsplaces in the sun,"
on which Jdl the hopes of a mighty
'German world empire were founded,
was very keenly felt by j the German
nation.
Now that all these places have fallen
Into British or Japanese hands, Ger
mans are beginning;, to discuss the co
lonial policy of the empire atter the
war. Many, confidently; assert -that
German colonies after the war ! value
and size will far surpass those that
have ..been lost.
These hopes are founded on the sup
position that Germany will emerge vic
torious from the war. Baron von Zed
litz insists that it is by no moans too
early-to form some preliminary idea of
"What Germany must demand in. the
way of colonies in return for tlie great
sacrifices in blood and money she has
been forced to make.
Forecast Germany's Demands.
"Our own country's interest," he
writes, "must be our sole gujde in
drawing up the tferms of ipeace. : Any
thing else would be high treason. We
must make up our minds What colonial
territories Germany needs and must
not allow any outside Influence to af
fect us." i
' Another -imperialistic writer, George
Klelnow, eays: :
."Although a small- portion of our
ocer-seas possessions mayj fall into the
enemies' hands, a successful war wilt
reate for us out of ' the--Belgian and
French Congo,? and should Portugal
further translate her unfriendly senti
ments into practice the" Portuguese
colonies on the east and west coasts of
Africa, a German cplonialj empire such
s our forefathers never dreamed of.
"The most important thing, however,
in connection with this not Improb
able division of the African world, is
that it shall enable us to put an ef
fectual end to England's hopes for
ule domination from Cape to Cairo,
for between Egypt and East Africa on
one hand and the Boer-British South
Africa on the other, we shall place an
endless belt, of gigantic German col
onies from the Indian ocean to the Cen
tral lakes and from the Congo to the
Atlantic. .
liberals Counsel Caution.
A very strong element of more lib
eral Germans, ' however, sternly raise
their voices In warning. Professor Fer
dinand Toennrhg has tMe 'courage to
tell his readers that Germany may not
find herself in a position to dictate the
terms of peace.- I
"The work of peace will be far more
difficult than most of us Imagine," he
gays, "and the wle, -statesman . will
have to fight a hard battle against pri
vate and public opinionsand xiot least
He will have to put" his foot down hard
against the agitation of those vtho ar
rogantly hold the gospel; of hatred to
be;the true religion of a world nation.
"Politics demands a cool, clear head,
which Carefully deliberates every step
before It Is made. The task of the ideal
politician- is not to give way to anger
and moral-ill-will, but to recognize the
true welfare of the people and to act
In accordance with his knowledge."
Germany's Fixed Determination.
..- For the information of many who are
continually asking how long the war is
likely to last the Berliner Tageblatt
says editorially: '
."This - question was answered some
time ago by General vpa Falkenhayn
In the following manner: 'Until the
enemies are so. thoroughly beaten that
the .possibility of a repetition of thia
unprovoked attack upon1 us is elim
inated forever.. We need not discuss
whether It , will be possible to attain
this object to the full efcterit, since;-we
only "know how strong our opponents
are now not how strong they may be
come in the future. '!
t. "History has shown over and over
again tlit the great nations survive
even the hardest blows of fate. The
outlook of the army leaders, just as
that of diplomatists, is narrowly cir
cumscribed by the constantly changing
course of things, but we may so far
agree entirely with the j chief of the
great general staff, that We are firmly
resolved to stake even the last thing
we own in order to carry the war to a
victorious end.
France Will Call
Recruits of 1915
Minister of War Also Asks legislation
Authorizing Those of 1916 to Be
Placed in Training-.
Paris,' March 20. The instruction of
the, young men of the military class of
1915, which "was begun in 1914, is suf
ficiently, advanced for them to Join the
active:: army. "As legislation is neces
sary they are to be called before au
tumn, however, M. Millerand, the min
ister, of war, has introduced a bill in
the chamber of deputies authorizing
their 'call at his discretion. The bill
, lso would empower the government
to call' into training the class which is
normally due to join the1 colors in Oc
jtober, 1916.
The list of recruits for the class of
1917 will be posted publicly not later
jthan Easter Sunday. This is in nreo-
tration for a call into training' of the
tyoung men who are due fo serve in Oc
tober, 1917. The step is taken to pro
Jvfcle for eventualities. t.
Sneered at the Kaiser."
Gotha. Germany. . March 20. Hre
Oeithner.
3axe-Coburg diet and the editor of
the Gotha Volksblatt, has been sen
tenced to three months' (imprisonment
tor- commenting sarcastically on Em
aror William's statement that he no
longer t Knew parties, but only Ger
nans. Publication rf ih i-nii-csuit
as been suspended. i
MEN LIE IN ROWS ON
CKS OR BARE '
OF HOSPITAL
STRAW T
Fever Adds! to Horrors! That
Amen
can
Red Cross Staff
Serbia,
Faces
in
London,
Starch 20. The Daily! Chron
lcje publish
es
.he follpwins Jis
?atqb
la(ed
frjam a Special correspondent"
from a town In
Serbia:
"At Gevgeil, a southern frontier town
Serbia, 1 flrit read the new .'chapter
ofj
oC the war in tliat heroic country. At
the Amerilcin hospital at Gevgcli half
trie force are ill, and the other half are
struggling o save them. The jmisston
Cfime out tWo months ago to fjnd 1000
wpunded n a big tjobacco factory.
Since theri the number! has been swol
len to 250l)J and the medical work with
the fever jhis become a! major problem.
"Used to Most Things.'
We ar!ej used to most things,' said a
P
ucky ydujng
Kansas inurse, hised to
bad food bbed
to the tprrible pigns of
and insufficient: care of
bad sanitation
t?ie cases ho l filter down to us from
t(ie northeifn hospitals.: Water Is im
pierative, jahd Iwith us every drop has
td be fetched in buckets from a dis
tance. Aijrlis imperative, but We have
njo tents aid may- notibreak the wln-
djows in th hospital because there are
not enougjhj blankets to go round.'
"In rowis the men lie on straw ticks
or the bari flpor. Feer is a, disease
fhiph thf1i;fes on conditions inevitable
lfi crowded quarters such as hospitals.
Tfhese acdi. ained only with Rd Cross
vfrork on the Western front can: have no
idea of misery in" the east. Servants
ti;-n panfc-stricken and flyj in the
rjight. Tjrtyj-nine doctors have given
tieir livefjin he last two months, one
ttf them Is. member of Lady: Paget's
mission at Uskub. An appeal to the
English wir office was met by Lord
iCitchener of;fer of 20 army doctors.
The gratitbdej of the Serbian j officials
was unbounded. j j
; Serbian. People StlU Hopeful. I
j "In the pnentime, despite the stalk
ing spectre of infection, the; Serbian
people hdye ikept up i splendid hope.
Nish, ordinarily a dirty village of 20,
000, has njw a population of over 100,
(JOO. To obtain the worst-room in the
orst hotel is a struggle that requires
he intervention of the ministry cf for
eign affairs, j j ,
I "To theJ pxeb of Serbiii belongs some
if the honors; of the -War. They, and
they alonej have been able to transport
fannon and rations On vehicles hub
deep in tiije mud of the Serbian roads.
They do j jthelr work almost without
food and JWithout rest, j They haul wa
ter for nifles to some' of the camps."
U r L
's Forces !
Larger Than Ever
All Vacancies In Army Filled, Says
Official Statement, and Vox Ken
Have Been! Added to Banks.
Havre, jlvla 1 Paris, Jrtiarch 20. The
Belgian pjressi bureau hiaa issued a note
concerning the : condition of ! the Bel
gian army In: reply to alleged declara
tions by the Germans that the Belgian
force has been reduced to ; a single
army corps. .
."The ailmyi" the note says, "entered
the campaign; with six: divisions of in
fantry atte ione division of cavalry.:
All vacancies have been filled, and
the army! still has six divisions of in
fantry aiijd two divisions of cavalry.
Instead jf- Having onie machine gun'
section, this i arm of the service has
been strongly reinforced. :
"In addition, measures have been
taken fori th enlistment of young re
cruits to Increase further the strength
of the artny.f while the school, estab
lished to train officers has already
shown excellent results."- 1
4,
The stJengthi
division i about 22,009icombatants and
of a cavtjlryl division about 4000. I On
wie oasis or tne statement above. King
Albert hie how 140.000 men - at hiw
jommund,j not counting the: enlarged
iiachine iun: section, i I
BOARDS
Belgium
General Venustiano Carjranza, (head of the so-called provisional government of Mexc. phptograpb;ed
rojllowing tne Doay of ma;
Jesus Carranza, his son and
lojwer, who later deserted
Highest Honor Is j
Awarded Aviator
Loop-the-X.oop''
Pegoud Sets rrench
MlUtary Medal for Services
Sen-
dered Army Di.ring- the War.
Paris, March 20; Official! announce
ment is made that the Military meal
has been awardeld to Adolpie Pegoikd,
the famous aviator, for seifvlces ren
dered tht army c uring the war. j
The arnouncement says that Pegoud
"on several occasions pursued enemy
aeroplanes, and" on February j2 attacked,
at a' "great height,; and caused the fall
of a Ger man machine. Soon; afterwaird
he attacked two other aircraft, caus
ing the first to fall and the second
to withdraw." . j .
Adolplie Tegoua: first came into fame
in 1913 as the originator of the feat of
upside dlown in an aeroplane
while mlaking eHPeriments for obtain
ing nafdty. in tfje air. A short time
ed his reputation for
daring by performing for the irst
time by ahy avijator the feat of loop-
Fdr his experiments Pe
goud redeived the decoration1 of the lUe-
gion of Honor.
Several times
since the outbreak of
has come Into notice.
the war! Pegoud
On August 20
fie returned to Paris
from thfe front to get a new aeroplane.
his old one haying been j riddled by
enemy bullets. jHe was mentioned I in
dispatel
late in
es for Vjalor in November and
January
was reported to have
destroyed a German explosive depot by
dropping bombs
upon it.
Sedition
in Paris
Qharg
ed by
Polibe
Plea for Germans In Pamphlet Leads to
Arrest of Suspects Allied With Auto
Bandits
!
Paris! March
2d. Persons said ! to
have be conne-cted at one time with
the notorious Bnnot band! of; autorijor
bile bandits are charged b- the police,
aecordi ig to vthis morning's papers,
with bfing responsible for the author
ship of a seditious pamphlet With the
title, 'IPeople; Tou Are Being De
ceived, in whicih a plea-is made jfor
the ca lse f Germany. jSeveral ar
rests hive been made. j i;
It is said thai; those taken into cus
tody include Lorulot, former editor; of
the newspaper lAnarchy, and jWnne
Bernarli, a friinds of the anarchist
bandit Carouy, yriio committed suldde
in his cell in the Conciergerie prison
after hie had beeti sentenced to life im
prisonrieht for his share In the rela
tional exploits of the outlaw gang,
which ws not broken up until the mel
odramatic battle with the police j at
Cboisyj-le-Roy Ajprll 28. 1912. j
It is understood tliat those under
suspicion will b tried by court martial
at Marseilles. The police are maintain
ing tht strictest) secr-y je gar ding jthe
case, -hicli the newspapers declare is
likely to have important ramifications.
Petroleum Becoming Scarce.
Copenhagen, March 20.-4-Reports
ceivedlhere froni Schleswig are to frhe
effect that the Supply of petroleum in
Germany is so diminished that persons
who formerly were permitted to pur
chase one; bottle & week, now have
been i epri'ved of that privilege., - The
stock in Schleswig has vbeen practi
cany exhausted.!
A Roumanian War Measure.
i.onon, March 20. A i dispatch to
the Daily Telegraph from Bucharest
says the Roumanian parliament has
passeq a law empowering the govern
ment to proclaim a state -ot sieee until
the end of thej war, if such a steo
snouidJ be deemed necessary.
German Papers in Trouble.
Munich, March 20. Ah edition
of
the Miienchner "Zeitung has been , con
fiscated because of an article advo-
catingj
the ruture annexation of Bel
The Hammer, an anti-Semitic
cal publfeshed .t Ieipsic. has
gium.
period
suspended until
April 16.
rsl Kja JB
J r .
f
I f
5
si am brother, Jesus Carranza, to its
another member of his staff wfere
him for Zapata
UNEMPLOYMENT IN GERMANY ON
DESPITE INDUSTRIAL UPHEAVAL
REVOLUTIONARY CHANGES DUE
i . -. i ,
Figures for December, Show
Than Year Ago; , Railway
though Troops Travel Free; Fw Luxur
Berlin. March 20. Unemployment In
Germany is steadily deereasi ng ' in
spite of the revolutionary industrial
changes that have resulted frojm the
war. ' Figures have been issue I con
cerning the unemployment! in 191 4. For
December the statistics show a narked
decrease from the figures for earlier
months of the war. This' condition,
it is asserted, has continued. Ip Ber
lin the demand for labor has berr In
creasing steadily.
The figures concerning the coidition
of the labor market put thrs nunfber of
positions vacant in December, 11914, at
297,000. with 390,000 applicants an
average of 135.31 for each 108 posi
tions. In December, 4913, there were
445,000 applicants for 228,000 pejsitions
an average of 195.17 for eateh 100
places. In July, 1914, the numtler was
i342,000 applicants for 237.000 positions,
or 144.30 for each 100.
Bailroad Receipts Almost Normal.
In August, 1914, the first mjnth of
the war, the number of the applicants
Jumped to 706,000 for 299,000 positions.
But this condition Quickly chanjged. In
September there were 645,000 appli
cants for 330,000 positions, an average
of 195.45 for 100; In October, 568,000
for 348,000 places, or 163.2 fbr 150,
and in November, 491,000 for 326,000
places, or 150.61 for 100. .
Another interesting feature of the
condition of Germany in the war is
given by the railroad statistics. Al
though the export and import busi
ness," which naturally Is a heavy part
of the traffic, has virtually be4n elim
inated from the freight receipts, al
though the tourist business his been
similarly cut off and although "mili
tary transportation, which frequently
ties up an entire system for days and
weeks, is not paid, for at all, the De
cember freight receipts showed a de
crease of little more than 8 pW cent
from December, 191-3, while thej passen
ger receipts showed a decrease (of only
16.33 per cent. The November j passen
ger figures showed even a moije' inter
esting result, as they were ofrly 6.87
per' cent , below those . of November,
1913. These figures back up tile state
ment made by German industrial lead
ers that the industries of Germany ard
practically doing the business which
Potato Famine Is
Alarming Germans
Food Disturbances is Berlin Said to Be
More- Frequent Bread Allowance
Has Been Rednoed.
Copenhagen, March 20. Berl ,n grows
more and more alarmed at a th reatened
potato famine. The newspapers print
special potato editorial articles with
pictorial advice on how to economize
and how to grow exotic potato ss. t
There are frequent murmu -lngs of
discontent among the men at( war meet
ings. Bernstein, a Socialist member of
the Reichstag, was at one gathering
nearly ' assaulted by angry Socialists
who put potatoes before patriotism.
-We will fight." they said,
must have potatoes."
"but we
Berlin, March 13. The North Ger
man Gazette announces that the daily
bread rations throtrgh the empire' has
been fixed at 200. grammes !(a little
less tnan half a pound) of oread or
flour per capita from March 19, instead
of 225 grammes, the amount previously
permtttea.
The returns on stocks of grata and
flour taken on February 1, wi?h now
have been received, show that there are
r 4
:-'.frllfetk:-:,.-.A
71 -f
4
(grave.
He
lb accompanied byT
executed
at thd
order of
sneral
I
T
BY
0 THE WAR
That ,
Jobless
Were
Few6r
ncome Alrp
bst Norrrjal, A
es So
a.
formerly was
Hope ' by
foreign
ex-
porter.
l he industry
which su
ffered least
from Che war Was
the textH
e Indus;
try.
n malny wayp
it!
made
otable
in-
Crease over tile
preceding)
year
Ac
fordink to the
labor figures of this
ndust
Fy, 28.2
peri
cent ofj
the textile
on the iun-
vorkej-s in Germajny were
employed lists
the end
t the Atig-
ust.
LAt the
ehd
of September
this
percentage haj
0nd of October
fallen to
.1. by
the
end
9.1 and
py the
Of Not-ember t,b
In tjhe coal Win
ne industrv nroflhe-
f.ibn is gradudlky I resuminy a normal
tonnage. The! botash nroduction is
about I one-half; ot that preceding the
war. I In the iii ork and stel indujstry
the plroductior hias suffered heavily
through the ib railysis oft th exinort
business and tlid available figures show
an activity ranfcirtg from 85 to 55j per
cent Of that hidh preceddd the War.
Thd war also depressed Ithe machin
ery tnaustry ad many plants are on
jshort time, vi ithbut immtediate pros-
pecis or Detterment.
Palling- Off in X.i
Lea,
In lines devrttedl to luxurvi
the losses.
bf course," hay
(seen heaviest. This
fuuuaes me manuracturei
of musical
instruments, pirtiicularlv iriianos
The depreidioh which -.the i war
brought to thW export phises ofj the
ieiectrical lndudtrjes has been largely
offset by the apijity with vhich hvse
companies ha We been abile to devote
jtheir plant f!p the manufacture , of
-other lines, particularly jef war ma
terials. I Those statiiijLics and ori nions were
!takr largely frfm the bmmary is
Isued by the Uiaconto Gesellschaftj. one
Of Germany's mbst impoirtant banks.
ii aqas inis qoroment:
''Ft-opi thesj itjema it may be plain
ly sefen that th Social ecoramy of Ger
many has not inntv Avir!snn,.i tto hith
nd Its strentjthj in thfj last few
moniis, but, thinks to tjllie scientific
and thorough (foundation of its general
output and toll the high efficiency and
tireless diiigeHcei of Gennn technical
achievement, t lkas been kble to meet
revolutionary Icirfcumstanceis with won
derf inelasticity and at le4kt to a great
uesrie avert tne damage Mf war.
Red Gross Praised
By Pope Benedict
Send a Message of Co;
italation on
the "Great
and Humane Christian
Wbrk" of tK Organization.
Geneva, via) Paris, Marjth 20.4-Gus-
tave Ador of IGeheva. president of the
International (Red jCross society, has
received from Pppe Beneict, thtouh
Cardinal "Gaspar-1, papal Beuretary of
stat, a message of congratulation
uponj the "greit and humane Chrjlstian
jwor" accompilisjhed by the Red Cross
since the war began among- the troops
ana civilians I or the belli igerertt na
tions. Presiding Ador replied, thank
jus ob pope ior nis message.-
i
sufficient of he. supplies! to continue
the earlier ration until the next har
dest! but it wjjas! thought best, accord
ing to the newspaper, to hold a reserve
for Contingencies. - I -.
The newspaper adds thait the munic
ipalities will i be allowed a certain
amojuht of elasticity in tlielr , dis tribu
tions ; Thev rnav cut thh ration for
Chiljlren In oifde'r to allot larger por
tions to the cpaeses of thepopUlation
igreaJter. -
!f jit j
'' ' Z'
CAUSED
i i -
T
1
. 1 -
In
a cemetery near Mexico City
members of his cabinet
General
Santibinez, a former Carranza! fol-
JPfaote by International News Seriibe.
Turks Praised by !
young Morgentha'
sonj of Amerioan Minister Says Con
tjantinople Conputt ery Favorably
With Other European Citlaa. '
London, March 20. Uenry Morgei-
thao Jr., son and, until late last mont,h,
private secretary of the American arln
bassador at Constantinople, reached
London. a few day8 ago on hisiwayfto
New:York in order to look after family
affairs. He said: V j j 1
"t left Constantinople the- day befcjre
thej bombardment of t lie Dardanelles
wai ; begun. The Turkish officials
seemed to know it wa impending lat
the! time of my departure. I came to
Loiidon via Bucharest, Vienna and Ber
n.i , i j f
"t can emphatically say that tjhe
Tuij-kish capital when I left ft wore as
norjmal an appearance as any of the
citijes. I have been thrdugh, and j co rri
parjes more than favorably with the
capitals of other tcountries in regard to
thej treatment of alien enemies, i -
"jAn Englishman can! leave iTurl ey
today virtually unmolested, orHhe fan
stajy there and continue his biisinss
operations. Neither ini Constantinople
horj in other places in - Turkey ; ,h ve
there occurred any antifChrittiah ric ts,
an4 such things as Internment camps
are non-existent. If an alien enemy pe
conjies troublesome to the polico hei is
sometimes sent into the Interior.
"jln Constantinople (tself there ire
few evidences of Gernhan domination.
The city is well policed! and orderly In
Peija, the European qujarter, ncj jTUrJt
ishj' private soldiers &r& allowed Jln ,the
main streets. Field Marshal von Her
Goltz, Pasha, the German 'adviser,'
llvs at the Pera Palace hotel, wlthln
a atone's throw of th American m
ba$sy. He has with hin a small suite,
and lives quietly,', often going' on jthe
streets in civilian clothes. j
'The American colony in Constanti
nople is now very small, and consists
majihly of diplomats, missionaries.
and
peifsos engaged in certain special lines
of business.
'JMy father has had a busy time qf it
since Turkey came into .the wari-bu
he
enjoys work, and is well."
English Divided
On Horse Raci
icing
rf B tcea
Z.ord Bosebery Argnep That
Cease Thoroughbreds Will Diaanbear
and 'Army Will Suffer. j .1
trfncfon, March 20.1 The question
whether horse racing! meets ought to
be! suspended during the war 4s hieing
warmly discussed by the press and) the
pujbllQ. The Times in an editoriiallyes
terday advocated at .least the jsusben
sion of the Ascot arid Epsom! j meets,
but Lord Rosebery writes to thi Times
today protesting against such a rrjove
Ho argues that horses are invaluable
to the future of the army attil.thal
if I races cease thoroughbreds will dis
appear, because no man can afford to
kejep blooded stock foir the mere p eas
ure of locking at thin, in thej sttble.
Lord Rosebery further points oiit
that all through the French reyoli tio
anid the Napoleonic Wars the Ej sorn
and Ascot ' races were held relgulirly,
adding that our forefathers j jdid not
regard it as an offense to j witness
horse races while at war. ! h
German KaU ways Are Busy.
Berlin. March 20. The minister of
railways has Informed the budget ;om
mlttee : Of the Prussian diet that 70
per cent of all railways operated in
times of peace have been In use lnce
November 1. Passenger and ! freight
traf fic, he aaid. increased stesidlljy up
to March 1. The forxnefr is now more
than j0 per cent or normal and the
iatier over u per cent. s if
.- i ' I J
f Du Maurier a War VJctimi
. London. March 20.- The Daily Mail
announces the death at the frorit of
Colonel Guy Louis Buason du 5Vlaibrier,
based on the idea o a German inva
sidn of England, attracted so much at
tention six years ago. He was a son
of the famous Punch artist and au
thor of Trilby," and I was a brothfer of
Gerald du Maurier, the actor.
4 '.4
-10,
7 & ?
BLIGHT OF WAR FELT
By POLISH VILLAGERS
DRIVEN FROM HOMES
Peasants Flee: Before I nvad-
eh and Many Die of Hun
ger in forests. '
retfograd, March 20. Terrible as
has
Ween the fate of Belgium,! it be-
cpm
increasingly clear that Iol and
has
suffered more.
OiM hundred thousand square kilo-
meteirk (38,4 62 square miles) of Polish
territory has been devastated by the
Austjrb-German troops; and 1500 vil
lage have been burned or damaged.
Nind put of ten provinces have been
occupied by the Germans, who have
seized everything, including the peas
ants! chickens. -
Feasants XM in Forests.
MOife than 1,000,000 .horses 'and 2,-
00,00 head of cattle have gone to the
Invaders and not a grain of corn nor
a drop of mil k remains for the civic
popiil ation. Tie homeless peasants
havi fled to the forests, where women
and children are dying. 1
Mj fTehaa, a deputy in th duma, has
made a report on Suwalki. one of the
ninei provinces occupied Here 173
villages have been burned and 600
large properties, or farms, have- been
destroyed. In the ; towns partly de
stro r id the Germans have j : requl
sltiofned "everything and the population
is fh-ing starvation. To thisj suffer
ing Jb. added; the deeper tragedy of
that as Poland is divided among Rus
sia. Germany: and Austria, the Poles
have been forced Into three different
arm.es and are fighting each other.
Foles in Three Armies.
Arr ong the wounded found on - the
battl s fields by the Red Qross nurses
hare Poles in German, Austrian and
Jtusflan uniforms, v As Sienkiewlcz,
the loted Polish j writer, said 'to a
frieni: fit' is- against the Bible and
the ill of God. The Curse of! Cain Is
on 4 Innocent people." .
The noncomliatants in Galicia, under
the i.courge of invasion, have suffered
lameritably, but not so jnuch as those
fin lliisian Poland. The Russian army
reqi: sitioned horses, cattle, motor cars,
wagKns and food, but burned no cities
or f wns. -' ' . , -' .-. :.
Sioriesj 'of the blight of war within
the borders of Russia are spreading
far i.nd wide and new armies are com
ing up for the comprehensive spring
campaign, burning with eagerness to
eject the invaders. ; -
Second Attack Is
. rrii-- j t -tt i
lAptJuieu oy ijgypt
Fresn Bodies of Troops Seen Mear the
Fiontier; Turks' Guns Reported
Buried in Desert Sand. j
C'i tro, March 20. Will the Turks
make a; second attack on Egypt -and
thejSuea canalT That is the i question
whis h both civilians and the; military
are I discussing here, r ' c
The balance of opinion would appear
in avor of the belief that Djemel Pa
Khai will make at least another at
tempt before giving up the! task as
hopi:Iess. ,.Many persons believe that
his I earlier effort was but a reconnais
anc ! .n : force, and that now that he
has a better idea of what he has to
fac hevWill try again with alt. the
strengthne has to muster. t
Rjeports speak "tff fresh bodies 1 of
troops in motion riear: the "frontier. It
is Jdded that half a dozen big guns
are being brough along. These are
moij nted on carriages with centipede
wheels and each is drawn, by a span
of 1 4 txen. ; . - .. : .
... Some prisoners say the first army
staited off from. Palestine wltttout ar
tillry and it may be gathered from
this that the artillery ied in the
fisl tipg was sent off before the army
staited.:;-!-;; -i.:.i-.-i.:' :-.j.,:; , '
Others believe that long beforo war
witfi Turkey was declared' German
officers with the Turkish army hi
Eyilla sent forward artillery to be
bur'ed tn the sand, ready for the ad-
I van.ee across the desert. - - "
An Army of Dyspeptics Has Become a
Legion of "Wen With Iron
Constitutions. ' - "
; I . Ily Henry Wood.
Paris, March '5. (Oy niall to New
York). -Tlie war already has insured
the physical regeneration, of France.
Military doctors coming to Paris
Ing that the past nix and a half months
of military life have affected a com
plete rehabilitation of the physical
stamnia of the French soldier. France,
they assert, can no longer be moked
upon by the world at large a a nation
physically retrogading. What is more,
the effects of this new physical re
generation will be apparent. In French
life for generations to come. - ,
i Alth the beginning of tlie present
war, no-secret was made of the fact
that the stamina of the French soldiers
presented a serious problem," If not a
serious weakness. Aside from' the phy
sical retrogression whether n.erlted
or not with which the world lias been
inclined for a half century pant o re
gard the French nation,- there were'
other contributing elements,
i I An Army of Dyspeptics.
The bulk of the French iirciy wns
composed of men. who. coming from
the larger French ltlea, inevitably In
herited the weakness which come from
a highly civilized, highly centered life.
Most of them were men of sedentary
habits -clerks, shopkeepers, students
and men of the liberal professions.
They were accustomed to taking their
cofree each morning in bed beforfc aris
ing. They had dyspepsia; and a puff
of real air was almost rerialn to in
sure a cold. Physical exercises had
long been a dead letter.
No secret is made of the fnct that
this element entered largely into the
lnsuccess of the French arm. The
soldiers fomlng direct from their of
fices, shops, and clerks desks, where
their ancestors bad been for a gener
ation or two before" them, simply could
not' stand the physical strain demanded
of them under the most exacting mil
itary conditions the world has ever
seen. They fainted repeatedly at crlt.
leal moments from sheer exhaustion.
'- A Complete Chanff Effected.
t Now a complete change has been ef
fected, , fili months of-military life
six months of being in the oten air
both day and night, and six months in
which the intellectual and-nervous hide
has been completely subordinated to
the jihysical has regenerated the en
tire French army. When It i tHk-n
into consideration that this army com
prises practically every able-ldlct
man in France from 21 to over -40 years
of age, Jead In go Parisian physicins do-
clare It means nothing lews thun the
physical regeneration of the entire
French nation, and that for geiurutioh
to come. ; ..
! In an interview piven the .United
Press correspondent, a military doctor
Just returned from, the front, but whoso
name and the point where he h.is been
serving ae not wermlttcd by the
French censor to br made puhl-c, was
loud in his declarations rf the physi
cal change which haii taken pi at e in tha
r rencn soinier. -
; Men of Iroii Constitntlom. "
"I have been stationed." he stated.
"the past few months at an important
sanitary center near the Krengli front.
Every day there was the same ,arrent
able procession of victims,-and an av
erage of. several hundred a day passed
through my hand. One thing im
pressed me above everything else, and
that was the absolute lack of clseaso
and the absolute lack of any exhaus
tion from the terrible strain which the
soldiers had all undergone. Amongst
these men who had lived constantly for
months. in the rnud, dipt and rain with
irregular and sometimes, insuf ticient
food, there was never to be found dl
eases of the throat or lungs, tubercu
losis, pneumonia, or dlseaHes or weak
nesses of the stomach and digestive
Organs. - ; .. v
I Aside from their wounds, they wer
all men who th the past six month had
developed a physical stamina i-apahlw
Of withstanding the most exacting do
rnands. Dyspepsia amongst . them
a Joke; Insomnia, even with liu rating
shells above them, unheard of, and thev
were men, every one of them, of iron
nerve and constitution, and ahov nil
of iron vital organs. That it had all
come in the pant six months, there
could be no doubt, and If the war hut
continues another six months, this new
physical life will be reflected In the
French people for generations to come."
- .
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