4,
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL,
PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, MARCH 21,
1915.
THE JOURNAL
AS INHEPEXPKNT NEWSPAPEB
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8
-.'-, i
-.There is a true church wher
ever one hand mets another
helpfully, iantl that Is the only
holy or mother church which
ever was or ever shall be.
50
CliASSIC GROUND
E A DING the account .of the
bombardment of the forts of
the Dardanelles, by a news
paper correspondent who
viewed the contest from the sum
mit of Mt. Elias, on the island df
t
Or., for
second
t'&hc, ,.,. . u'.tness activities were reduced to paralysis. The business ! heart of the
days of mythology when the sods
gathered on the summit of Mt . Idia
to watrh tha phh nnri flnw rf thk
struggle on the plains of Troy. ! i
;
The 'attempted passage of thje
Dardanelles by the allied fleet stijss
the imagination of the student of
the
lore
classic ages' and of ancient
' There is no stretch o watJr '
' , . , , . " , i i
leaves. shores so rich in glorj-
that Iao ir cli nt-no c- - li-Vi (n rr 1
nna ' a LLn , 4i- n,-r.t- !
.-,., , . ' ...!.,
, , T ;
f V liUl n, u n 1 L Tr V v Hi
Europe and Asia.
Its traditions run
back to pre
jjiHLuric ituies wtieu mortals maiea i .
T , x f xi . 2r- . l . 1
with Immortals and when the dejy
locks of the gods distilled ambrosik,
It was through this strait that ttje
pioneer Jason sailed In search of
the Golden Fleece. On its bearjh
Laocoon and his sons struggled
with the serpents.
, . . .
un us sanos pressed the prows
. t thi fih.ins r f rriA vpnofnl cnrfi q !
of ilelas. Within sight of the
allied fleet is the camp of Achilles
and the Hill of Troy, the famed
Ilium from the ramparts of which
" Helen looked out.
"The. face that launched a thousand
ships and burnt the topless towejrs
of Illnm." .
It was here that she took old
Priam up on the walls and in the
language of Homer thus described
the leaders of the Greeks:
"Clearly the rest I behold of the
dark, eyed -sons of Achata. Two, orjly
two, I Bee who walk not tmong tjhe
commonriers-. Castor the fl?et of foot,
Polyduces, brave with the cestus,."
And the poet adds "she wot not
that 4hey her brothers, were at
rest in the dark ground in ttie
home country." -
Iliiim was destroyed. Byzantium
loomed. Rome was divided, and
Constantinople- arose. Romans,
"Greeks, C r u s a d e r s, Venetians,
Christians and Turks have liv d,
loved and fought over the grou nd
over which the guns of the Englh h,
French and Ottoman now echo. It
Is truly historic ground and tqdjay
the civilized world from the moun
tain tops observes "the dark eyed
son's of Achaia. wotting not , that
those ' who walk, not: among tjhe
commanders are at rest In the dark
ground." a
-::- ':r . pai.es
:STINE'S FUTURE
Jte
TiuAiii ziA.xuvvii.L has ae-
I scribed conditions in Palestine.
Jerusalem, he says, has been
cut off from the c-rld since
August. The Turkish army las
seized all available supplies, aind
it is said has treated the Jewish
and Christian population with gntat
cruelty, . Hunger, disease and violence-prevail
in thje city and
throughout Palestine..
In Jerusalem, Mr. Zangwill says,
12,000, Turks are quartered.
.Twelve regiments bloqk the rqad
to Joppa; 120,000'soldiiers hold the
only road-that has access to water.
Thousands of Jews who fled j to
Alexandria are . 'housed . in cattle
sheds. Many are following them
old men and women and helpljess
children many dying by the wjay.
What is more,
Mount CaEmel,: Mount Olivet ind
the Mount of - Transfiguration have
been converted into military posts,
from "which the Turkish soldiers kleep
watch . toward the sea and over Ithe
land. ; If-' the allies bombard Jobpa
or any other Palestine: coast tolwn,
the Turks have ansounrled they Will
massacre "both Jews and Christians.
What will happen when the war
reaches the land where the Prince
of Peace taught : men to make lpve
their religion? Zangwill, though a
Briton,, fears the jealousies of (the
allied' countries and their Christian
enemies will expose the Holy jAnd
to a bitter and destructive strife.
He says:
- Russia , holds more property at and
eiuls tuore pilgrims to the ea:red
eltos than , all other nations. Russia
will not abandon her dream 'of os
t ge-jsing Jerusalem while she has a gun
la fyria.' During 500 . years France
bus . been "the. protector of the Chris
tians in. the heat- east. France will
' surrender only to overwhelming fdrce.
'The right pf way across Palestine im-
jierils Esrypt, threatens . Sue and the
. Way to India. Great Britain will fight
desperately - for Palestine.
Germany appreciates the w-eilth
of Palestine's mineral resouices.
Germans control the banks and
railroads, and 'according to Mr.
Zangwill the allies have yet to
discover "the strength of Jerusa
lem's defenses. He says a clime
. tower .built on Mount Olivet is in
reality , a war tower overlooking
every approach to the holy city.
.18 the world to see the Holy
ITO THE ENDS
N'
O WORD picture of business
endsj of the world can. ever be adequately pain tea.
It is estimated that 450,000,00i people are directly under the
influence of the European convulsion. It is clalihed that an
additions!
450,000,000 are daily experiencing In some form or another
the loss It
A ' writer in the Review of Reviews' says that one , of be strangest
consequences of the struggle is that
: the firing . line, the more complete .
conditions f. and the greater are the economic and social proDiems cine
to closed markets and excessive unemployment. jt
In the first month of the war, the World's trade dropped nearly 50
per cent. I The exports of the United States dropped 40 per eent.and
Great Britain's diminished 45, per cent. Austrian exports dropped from
$43, 500,000 to $6,000,000, while her itiports fell 65 per! cent.
French exports were cut 50 per cent and imports the same. Italian
exports. were reduced $14,000,000 and imports $22,000,000. In Argen
tina, Brazil and Chile, trade, was cut aq average of 50 per .fcent.
These are tremendous figures. They are a fearful background for
the dreadful picture of! blood and
sickeaing ; fields of trench-seamed
more momentous as to Germany.
American exports to Germany
$31,301;000 for August, j 1914. It
It was paralysis. Men were dazed
i suspended while armies were mobilizing. Ports were crowded with
i ships without cargoes. Exchange in New York on ionaou was quoted
j as high as $6.50, a premium that prohibited commercial; transactions,
j The fisherman in Labrador suddenly found his market jcutThe
' nitrate miner in Chile was without a bijyer. The dealer Jin bristles In
Siberia and the silk merchant in China looked vainly for purchasers.
The cotton grower of the South saw his markets closed and his crop,
rendered worthless under its own; abundance. The trader along the
African coast was shaken by the great (social convulsion and his busi-
i world almost stopped beating.
I ' - The Outlook is authority for the
bu'i,llls wwueu uy oeJiigereiii uauuus
! ... v. . ; . i c a. s
oiuenvise remuveu irom iraue sincu
vast block of ships is 13 per cent
vessels. It is part of the blight
upon human affairs
Happily, man is of magical resourcefulness. His enterprise cannot
, k f . T ,
long in aralyBls- Whenever i here is a shifting of earth In
Culebra cut, Goethals and his men and i ppliances clear ttiaway. When
. iV. i ! i.
the crew of Columbus was about-to
-the prow of his little caravel resolutely westward.
Twenty million men in the deadly
I nfep lue wurm iu uiier Biaguiiiiuir,
( bugles called Europe to the colors,
. . . . , . .
equilibrium. Staggering under the
United States is swiftly rallying its
enterprise and the conquest of new fields. !
A striking advance is in the case ofj foreign commerces. This coun
try is making herculean efforts to replade the 6,000,000 tons of shipping
destroyed or interned during the war.
merchant shipping, of which less than
deep sea trade. Hundreds of coastwise
f fir i r n ttnr1a in o rran ori f inn Hoof
.W. V.I 1-.11 1. 1 11 V . -. 1 . W L. 1 11 hl.l.l.lilJlVll
American sn
ip yards. There are
Pacific ship yards, thaik, can be filled
coastwise vessels on the Pacific coast have gone Into foreign commerce.
The. scramble to get into the foreign business is die to' the rich
rewards in almost extortionate freight rates. Thus, thej steel steamer
Kanawha of 1906 tons, built 13 years .ago on the Grekt-Lakes, was
recently purchased for $105,000 and immediately chartered to load
cotton for Bremen for $lt)0,000. Her initial trip lacked
paying her purchase price. The Dacia fs another vessel
charges on her one load of cotton
the vessel cost him. A little steamer bought as a wreck on the Maine
coast was for a time earning her owner $20,000 a month, carrying
cotton from Savannah to Bremen. ',
Every old sailing vessel, every steamer that can be mkde to float, is
being hurried into the new and extraordinary offshore trade. Two
sailing vessels bought by New York men for $30,0Q0 eaih were resold
at $75,000 each, and the single cargo of American cotton carried by
each to (Europe paid the new owners for their outlay. f
The American merchant marine never knew Buch halcyon days. It
is one great activity that, aided by congressional legislation and the
(extraordinary events on earth, is reaping a gold harvest, although the
enormous freight rates lay a heavy
Land turned into a shamble's?
Zangwill thinks so. He says pos
session of Palestine will be one of
the great prizes sought by the bel
ligerents. FINING NON-VOTERS
G
OVERNOR BRUMBAUGH of
Pennsylvania proposes a new
method for compelling quali
fied voters to use their fran
chise rights at election. He says
there should be a tax of $2 im
posed -upon each elector, half of it
to be returned when he votes at
the primary and the remainder
when he votes at the general elec
tion. The Ne Y-rk Evening Pot does
n-t approve of . the plan, saying:
. It is not the formal casUng of the
ballot that we want, but intelligent
choice of candidates. How much rea
son is there for supposing that such
choice will be obtained by fin
ir.rr a man for not going to the pqlls?
Isi the Vote of a person who is in
duced to cast it, not by a desire to
exercise his privilege, . but an unwill
ingness to lose a dollar, worth get
ting? There is something to what the
Post says, but the argument is not
conclusive. The stay-at-homes as
a rule lick neither intelligence nor
morals. They are usually either inr
dolent or thoughtless. It is not the
vicious ;who refuse to vote, but
those who do not take their fran
chise rights seriously; those who
permit iothers to run the govern
ment and then spend their spare
moments protesting because It is
not run j to suit them, j i
The votes of many of these peo
ple are j worth getting.; It-is a pe
culiarity of humankind that duty
is often shirked, but jwhen , driven
to it the shirkers make good more
often than not. It is so in other
affairs of life. Why is it not so
with the ballot?
; L
The trouble with Governor
Brumbaugh's plan is. that the pen
alty is ;not severe enough. A $2
fine foif refusing to perform one's
duty election day ts not commen
surate with the offense, i Men are
fined more than that for small
misdemeanors. Make the punish
ment fit, the crime.
In Oregon, under a law passed
at the 1915 session, a citizen who
fails to vote at leastj once in two
years, jcannot vote again without
registering. If he Votes once in
the period, his vote serves as his
registration and excuses him from
re-registering. It is a start toward
rewarding the citizen
duty as ' an elector.
for doing his
It may some
time lead to the oft-proposed plan
of penalizing non-voters by tem
porarily ; .disfranchising - them for
absenting themselves from the polls
THE WORLD
affected by the warj at different
the farther away one goes from
demoralization there is of business
slaughter as daily enacted on the
Eutfobe. But here are figures far
j
for August were $6?,737 against
was almost the wiping out of trade.
by. the sudden collapse of enterprise
.
statement that 6,000,000 tons of
iifo uccn ueouujeu, iulciucu j
all v .-s I . I
tup ucgiuuiug ui iuo ai
This
of
the earth's supply of seagoing
brought by European
chancellories
mbtiny, the bold discoverer kept
embrace ot battle could not long
auu iieai ty eigin niuuuia aiLKi tut;
thq earth is slowly recovering its
J . . . . . . . ,
ccuossal weight of jthe war, the
forces for restoration pf the old
We have eight million tons of
bne-eighth has been engaged in
vessels have beeh put into the
there been as great activity in
orders, both in! Atlantic and
1111.1
more
t is -said that 60 per cent of the
but $5000 of
whose freight
OF
practically repaid her purchaser what
toll on the American producer.
a certain number of times.
Statesmen are groping for a plan
to cure the non-voting habit, be
cause they realize that non-voting
is at, the bottom of I many govern
mental ills. j .
TII03IAS MOTT
OSBORNE
T
iiiii prison question. savs
Thomas Mott ;Osborne, war
den of Sing Sing prison, has
to deal with only one ereat
problem man. j
The whole system of criminal
law" is based on the old barbaric
theory which regarded the treat
ment of criminals is a matter of
retribution, of punishment. It is
gradually giving way to the civil
ized theory of reform.
What is needed jis a more en
lightened system of justice which
shall include the administration of
both county jails and state prisons,
a system which shall aim at edu
cation rather thah punishment,
which shall encourage those un
fortunate men who have broken
the law to learn tio adapt them
selves, to the proper conditions of
organized society.
It is impossible for any human
being or for any number of human
beings to weigh and determine the
exact guilt of each offender by the
mere facts of his crime. It is also
impossible to gauge the guilt of
one as compared to another. These
are things that trinscend human
power, resting with! God alone.
.Who can estimate the inheri
tance, the early, training or lack of
training, the effect of environment,
the influence of others, the re
sults of unforseencircumstances in
order to determine the exact de
gree of blame. Psychological facts
are more important than material
facts in ascertaining guilt. 9
If Bill Sykes were set free he
would probably return to his life
of theft and murder. ;
j If Jose should be liberated" he
would probably return to the cot-:
tage of his mother, his mad pas
sion for Carmen burned out, and
marry the faithful Michaela and
settle down to a peasant's life..
According to Mrj Os"borne's view
three great principles lie at thq.
base of true prison .reform. . They
are: First The law jnust decree,
not punishment, jbut temporary
exile from society until the of
fender has proven) by his conduct
that he is fit to return. .
j Second Society j must brand no
man as a criminal but aim solely
to reform the mental conditions
tinder which a crime has been com
mitted." -.
Third The pr.ison must
be , an
inmate
institution where
every
must have the largest practicable
amount of individual freedom be
cause "It Is liberty alone j that fits
men for liberty."
New York is learning
from
Oregon. .
COPPER IS THE WAR
s
OON after the war
began
the United States
protested
against England's , seizure of
American shipments, of copper
to neutral European counl ries. But
Great Britain insisted thei e was no
guaranty that .the copper would
no; find its way Into Germany. No
contraband article has caused so
much friction as has copper.
The reason why the allies have
defied neutral opinion in their em
bargo on copper is made plain by
an article in the New Yiork Sun.
The writer is described by the Sun
as "one of the first of living
authorities on the statistics and
use of copper." He discusses the
pressing need of Germany for that
metal for use in war.
He assumes that 4,000,000 men
are under arms in Gerriany and
2,500,000 in Austria, md that
fighting In which 1,300,000 men
are engaged on the Austr o-German
side is going on daily. Th Is author
ity figures that twenty rifle shots
per man are fired every twenty
four hours, or a total o'. 26,000,
000. Each cartridge shell contains
184 grains of brass, so that the
daily consumption of brass ap
proximates 342 tons.
Thirty tons mort would have to
be added for Maxim jgun fire.
Brass is also used by the artillery,
and a rough guess places the .daiy
consumption by this branch of the
army at 105 tons. The t;otal daily
consumption of brass, according to
this authority's estlmat, is 477
tons, of which 72 per cept is cop
per. That would meai 176,105
tons of brass in a year.
, From this total, deduction is
made for brass recovered from bat
tlefields, but in the judgment of
this statistician Germany must
have 112,000 tons of the metal to
fight a year. He says she cannot
provide that quantity Ifrom her
own resources, and hemje the ne
cessity of getting copper! from the
outside.
These figures at the
best are
only estimates, but they jilluminate
the whole- problem affecting cop
per, and explain the copper em
bargo. I
SWITZERLAND'S PLIGHT
G
ENERAL WILLE, commander
in chief or the sviss army,
. has-the most ticklish job In
Europe. He is expected to
see that Switzerland's neutrality Is
not violated. i
With Austrian guns oh the east
era border of his countrfy, German
guns on the north, French guns "on
the west, and Italian guns frown
ing from the south, General Wille's
job is not enviable. The fate of
Belgium stares Switzerland in the
face, and with the spring cam
paigns about to begin the world
will watch this mountaiij republic's
efforts to keep out of the conflict,
hoping with the Swiss ! that they
may be spared the horrors of war
. Switzerland was the first na
tion to mobilize. On the morning
of July 30, "vhen war was certain
but when no nation hadj as yet de
clared it, Switzerland began mobil
izing her troops, and by August 4.
she had 420,000 men ready for the
national defense. Ever since that
time she has kept this army ready
for action. j
It has been a tremendous drain
upon the nation. Deprived of her
usual sources of revenue, Switzer
land has been obliged toj spend lav
ishly to preserve her integrity. And
now, with the probability of soon
being surrounded by belligerents,
Switzerland expects to b ) the storm
center of hostilities,
Berne dispatches say that though
Switzerland suffers almost as much
as though she were at war, she
bears it good temperedly. Life at
Berne goes on much as before.
There is no business for the toitrist
hotel's. The war has sl opped sup
plies of wheat by way of Amster
dam and the Rhine, Russia and
Rbumania, and Italy has stopped
cargoes at Genoa. There is a real
food crisis in the counl ry.
What will be Switzerland's plight
should Italy join the conflict? The
little country that has taught the
world much concerning representa
tive government will be enclpsed
by a eircle of bayonets. She will
be in the dead center of. the con
flict, a brave little republic anxious
to preserve the peace 3ut holding
her national rights sacrfed.
The Journal is asked) If the pro
posed improvement of fMultnomah
county roads to be provided for by
the pending bond Issue Is to be
under the supervision l the state
highway department. In reply The
Journal will say no. j
will have no connection)
The state
with It, as
it is purely a county matter. The
work will be under the direction
and supervision of
John B. Yeon.
Roadmaster
t Often That Wjay.
From the Washington Star.
Richard Le Gallienne, ihe poet, was
lunching at a fashionable restaurant
when a man lounged into; the room in
a velvet coat, soft black silk shirt,
huge Windsor tie, sandals and other
such-like fripperies.
"Look at that!" laughed Mr. Le Gal
lienne. "Oh, look at thalSr
"Hush," said a magazine editor,
sternly. Husn.! That's
Blank, the fa,
mous short story writer.
You can't
have genius, yjou know, without eccen
tricity."
"Perhaps not, said Mr,
Le Gallienne,
"ba.it Judging from what pie writes you
can evidently have a deuced big lot
of eccentricity without genius.
JOURNAL
NATIONAL EDITORIAL.
THE . EJECTIOX OF THE TURK
By WILLIAM E. ONGELBACH,
Professor ot Modi
'em European History. TTnl-
mltr of Pennsrrrajila : President of the
ocgraphlcal Society of Philadelphia.
11
THE
eastern question ' to be
teolved at
last? . Constantinople,
after 462 yars of servitude! to th
Asiatic, seems
on the eve of being
Wonderfully ' situated
emancipated.
where two cori
tlnents meet. It stands
In
Europe; lobks upon Asia, and.- Is
intersecting point of the water
rote between
the shores of the Black
sea.
and the
Mediterranean on the
the land route between
on
e hand and
Ed
rope and Asia on the othef.
it was therte that the Roman em
pile continued) for a- thousand years
IbAger after Kome, the Imperial city
on
the Tiber,
went down before the
Gothic Invaders.
The doom of the
Christian city
Bosporus waal
on the ' banks of the
finally sounded, how
fifteenth century with
evier, in the
th
p invasion of Europe by, the Otto-
man Turks.
After conquering' the K
surrounding territories they captured
Constantinople in 1453, The icity be-
came the seac of an empire enormous
In extent. Mohammedan in faith and
autocratic and cruel
in.' government,
... i
tPor two and a half centuries after
thta fall of Constantinople the Turk
was on the aggressive, conquering all
the lands of the lower and- middle
Danube and twice pushing his hosts
ori to the walls of Vienna itsejlf. Since
his
the
last siege
of that city. ;in 1683,
and the power of the
dominion
Turk have sldwly but surely declined.
Ilbngary first asserted her freedom
Irt the eighteenth century th: fight !
was over . Belgrade. In the: nine
teenth came
patlon of t
the successive j emanci
e Greeks, Roumanians,
Serbians, Mointenegrjns and Bulgar
ians, and in) the twentieth! of the
Macedonians iand Albanians. ; Only a
little peninsula back, of Constantin
ople is left of the once so formidable
Turkish empire in Europe. Nor is this
al. . In Northern Africa the same
p 'ocess of dismemberment took place
till the recent conquest 'of. Tripoli i
bpr Italy deprived Turkey ofj her last
territory in that region. j '
The story
of the rise and fall of
thl.t empire
is fascinating In itself.
Ejut it has tin additional element of
interest in tljiat It very early became
up with the ambitions of the
great European powers. Thug arose
tiie long standing antagonism between
l ussla and England because of the
pfush of the former toward 'the sea.
ajnd of the fear, of England lest Rus
sia, by getti
hg the staits, dominate
the eastern
Mediterranean, j In 1877,
Russia threatened Constantinople, and
the dissolution of Turkey In Europe
seemed at
hand. But British iron-
clads steamed up the Dardanelles and
called a halt
Turkey was
on the Russian bayonets,
saved and the i congress
cif Berlin restored all her south Bal
kan land. 1
j At that time Bismarck j declared
tjhat the eastern question for;Germany
ras not worth the bones of a Pomer
anian grenadier. A decade; later a
change begap, which is usually asso
ciated with the kaiser's spectacular
visit to Constantinople in 1889. Since
then Germariy has conquered, the Bal-
ikan
this
region
ecoriomically, And with
there developed ambitious proj-
ects for an
lall-rail route toi the Per
sian gulf and a connecting line
ihrough central Asia to liai Chau.
land in hand with this has come a
powerful
Hungarian
regeneration of ! ' Austro-
! 1 !
interest In her outlet to
the sea at
what is less
Trieste and Fiume, and,
known, at Saloijika. The
latter project Involved a short cut to
the great (Mediterranean and Sues
trade route
from the Danube via the
yalleys of the Mora va and the, Var-
flar, with a saving of. about 2000
iniles in distance over the Toute via
Hamburg a
nd the English:
channel.
$3utj Servia blocked the way.) The re
sult has been that the diplomacy of
European group ) has been
definitely directed to keep Iher from
becoming strong, as appeared con-
ppaouousiy, v vne cioso oi cae iirsi
Balkan war
iqmacy ok
in 1913, Just as the, dip-
the powers blocked
the i
jBalkan . stages from capturing Con
stantinople during the war. All this
involved a
redivlsion of the . spoils.
Which led tb the second Balkan
i
war
and made
jthe Servian problem the
jfocal point
of the diplomacy of the
jtwo great European groups f powers.
a
for Turkey's; entering
The reason
Ithefc present
war on the sidie of Ger
many is tock lengthy to be
discussed
as Turk-
jhere: . The outcome, so far
ish rule m Europe Is concerned.
is
clear. But the ejection of ! the Turk
rwilL not sojlve the eastern! Question.
An importajit and very difficult fac
tor will be removed but others re
main, some In more intense jform than
ftefore. ;
Indeed, even now, new arid danger
ous complications in the Balkans are
feared from the capture of! Constan
tinople. by tjhe allies and the flight of
the porte from Stamboul. j
- ' -Copyright. 1915. J
Letters
From the People
. (Communications aent to Tbe I Journal for
publication in, this department ahcjold be writ
ten on only oie aide of the paper, abould not
exceed 300 words in length and must be ac
companied by the Eamu and addresa of the
lender. If the writer doea oot desire to hare
the came pab iehed. he thou id o slate.)
"Discussion la the greatest of alii reformera.
It rationalise! everything it toaefaea. It robs
principles of all false sanctity and Throws them
back on their reasonableness. If they have
do reasonableness, it ruthlessly crashes them
out of existence and seta up ita own conclusions
In their stead." W'oodrow Wilson. -
The Stable FlyJ .
Goodnoe Hills, Wash., March 10. To
the Editor of The Journal-fThe usual
utte r Inel'ficiency of officialdom is
sadly, lllus rated in the notice about
the9 necess ty of fighting jthe house
THE
A PRAYER IN TIME OF WAR
. i , i -, , .,,- -r :
: By Alfred Noyes
THOU, whpse deep ways are
Whose footsteps are
Is waiting at Thy Throne.
!
The towering Babels that we raised
Where scoffing sophists brawl, j ' )
The little Antichrists, we praised . .
The night is on them all. t
The fool hath said" The fool hath said
And we, who deemed him wise.
We who bellievedi that Thou wast dead,
How shbuld we seel: Thine eyesJ
. : : I .-"-'! -
How should we seek 46-Thee for power
Who corned Thee yesterday? i
How shod Id we kneel
h this
Lord, 'teach us how
to .prayT .
Grant us the single heart once
That mocks .no sac
red thing;
The Sword
of Truth o
ur fathers wore
When Thou was Lo
id and
Let darkne$s unti darkpess tell
Our deep, unspoken prayer;
For, while pur souls in darkness dwell,
We knbw that Thou art there. '
DEVIL WORSHIP
(0111,-1915, by Dr. Frank Crane.)
Is it not a- fact,
asks a. correspond
ent, that w ar has
its good effects?
Does it not pror
mote : manliness,
courage, 'devotion
to ideals, patriot
ism, and ti e like?
Do We not need a
war every so often
to keep tliu race
from ; growling soft
and flabby
Ariswej" : The
whole war business
is a delusion. It is
;aafwffatoif- a sort of dementia
Sr. Frank Crane, that i disorganizes
the ' entire reasoning facultyL "And
these questions shjow it. ": !
It is undoubtedly true that, wr gives
opportunity for bij-avery,' heroism, jjid
other high spiritual qualities, jit gives
an opening for discipline, efficiency,
and team play.
' It is also true that cholera, sjmallppx
and yellow fever) furnish coinditions
where admirable human trajits. are
brought out, '.where humanity noble
ness shines. But for that reason shall
we introduce a btishel of germs into
the community? Shall we sacrifice a
thousand lives Just to show how grand
and noble we are? ':
This is insane login. ' And It pre
vails among us a deal more han we
think.
For example. Hardship and obsta
cles are good for children; henee, kick
them into the street- at an early age
to shift for themselves. ;Give ithem no
schooling, since the education jthey ob-.
tain by their owri efforts 1 o . much
WONDER
FUL HISTORY
From
a Bulletin of the National Geo
graphic Society. ) ; . ;
In a paper telling something of the
wonderful historjf of the lands over
which Turkey has ruled .for many gen
erations, William) Joseph : Sliowalteri
gives some Interesting facts w lich or
dinarily escape attention. He reminds
the reader that except when aul and
his associates crossed the Hellespont
to Athens and Rcme," the ent re Bible
story, from Genesis to Revelation, was
lived In what has been Turlcey, and
calls attention td the fact that the
great empires of jthe east, the civiliza
tions of the Egyptians and the Phoeni
cians, the gloriek of Byzantium all
Were planted on what has beenl Turkish
soil. Ie also shoWs how: Kin- Sargon.
ruling at the very dawn of history, con
gratulated his empire upon Ms success
in bringing down the high cot of liv
ing. He says. In part: j
"No other people possess lands of
such wonderful historic interest as the
Turks. Occupying a region only a third
as great in area, as the United States,
they have yet a territory withjn whose
boundaries the greatest,; the jraost In
fluential events in human histbry have
occurred. i i ) i
"The Bible, with little exception, Is
an account of the doings of pejpple who
never got beyond, what i have hitherto
been the confines of Turkey. From a
"single corner of the Ottoman empire
arose the Babylon that tn lt day all
but ruled the wo;-ld. From- that same
region envy and famine conspired to
send the children of Abrabjam into.
Egypt, which until recently Jwas em
braced in the empire, of jthe Ottomans.
Thence, as they' marched back from
Africa to Asia, through the wjilderness
of Sin to the prorfiised land, they never
once set foot offl of what cain to be
Turktsh soil. And when the sl
Turkish soil.- And when the star of
Bethlehem arose it stood ovef a
man-
Ser on land, that is now Turkish soil.
- ,.
"In, Asiaf Mino once dwelt) Croesus,
whose name to this day! expresses' the
last degree of wealth. Here iwas Per
gamus, whose library in its period was
the finest in the) world, making "such
demands for papyrus that Ptolemy was
ld to prohibit tlie exportation cf that
commodity from Egypt. XJbder the
reign of-the Caesars, Asia Minor alone
contained BOO populous cities,) enriched
with all the gifts of nature and
adorned with "all he refinements of art.
"The civilzatijon of I the j Hittites,
whose lands finajllx were ocdupled by
the hosts of Israicl; the I civilization of
fly, taken from a city; health bulle
tin, which no diubt it:.fair;y repre
sents. In the f list place, it makes no
mention of the citable fiy, or "biting"
fly, which is responsible for tlie spread
ef that most dreadful disease, infan
tile paralysis. This variety does ? not
suck up liquids like the! housp fly, but
lives by "biting" horses, cattlu and hu
man beings,- thus spreading this and.
I fear, some othr diseases.- As it will
not use ordinary iiy poison, nur euic.
ordinary fly traps, and is not iattiUcted
by ordinary fly fbaits, its destruction
j must be accomplished by other means.
; It seldom frequjents - dwellings, but
generally , lingers around stables-and
barns and along public highways and
pity streets,, where there lis horse
drawn traffic. That Portland is not
too "cityfied" far it is -shown by the
fact that Dos Angeles is Iwell fre
quented by It, a well as other cities
in California ancl all across i.he conti
nent, especially the southern part. It
came to America about a generation
ago and is stilf spreading. To give
means, for its- destruction, if it comes
to Portland, or ijf It is already there, as
it very probably Is, would require a
half column, which I have not time
to write, besides there are! officials
who are much better qualified. The
extra travel occasioned by the lair
will probably spread it well tver here
tofore uninfested territory, and If any
specimens bring
the germs of infantile
i f Vnrniin ,11 ii ail ii l 33
E i
in. the sea,
not known,
.
dread hour? i
more
King.
! ! 1
more -valuable. . Beatthem, abuse and
starve them, for many great men have
risen from such treatment. .! ; ; '
The truth about the matter is this;,
that obstacles and epposltlon do
harden and develop men; t is unfor
tunate for any man that he is so placed
that he has nothing to .overcome; but
nature, or destiny, or his own passions,
or what not, always supplies the neces
sary testing of strength; arid it is none
of our business to oppress land -hurt in
order to help men. '
To clam that we must bring on war
in order-to make men heroes implies
that we should favor all kinds of tyr
anny to make men loye freedom, all
kinds of business fraud land unjust
privilege to make men work, all kinds
of temptation and vicious environment
to make- girls pure, universal drunken
ness to m.ake- men temperate, general
free love to make men loyal husbands.
Doubtless if hell reigned on earth
some . strong: souls would remain heav
enly and rise in grandeur among the
common riot.
But all outside af a madhouse ought
to see that it is the .duty. of society to
abate " evil conditions, " lnv order that
rnen's energies should be engaged on
higher planes. The more we are re
lieved 'from the brute struggles where
we fight one another with f tbts or
guns, the more we fight for better ex
cellencies, and find in civic contests, in
wrestling against evil customs and In
trenched fraud. In the competition of
art, letters, education and public ser
vice, the better outlet for our forces.
If we are to have warto make us
heroes, let us turn about and worship
the devil, -to" whom we owe all the dif
ficulties we overcome.
Every plea for war is! a fantastic,
twisted delusion; and none more than
this. ; ., -i ':.
OF TURKISH LANDS
Tvra Ann Rlrtnn f h o--r t fr inlnnlr.
of ancient times; the civilization of
.
-t-gypt, rival of Persia and Chaldea
the value of the heritaefl It henntath.,1
to the future; the civilization of Con
stantinople and the Byzantine empire,
in its day more gorgeous than any that
had gone before all found their home
within the boundaries of What came to
be the land of the Turk.) Mohammed,
and the religion which bears his name
apd now claims several hundred million
adherents, were also-born: In the Otto
man empire, i i .-..
'..."'
"The greatest of these ancient em
pires was the Babylonian. The Bab-
ylonians built their civlliaztion upon an
irrigation ditch and made Babylonia a
land teeming with people, the seat of
magnificent cities, and the home of a
world-conquering empire. Babylonia
rivaled the valley of the Nile in pro
duction. Every Greek traveler who
wandered that way marveled at the
luxuriousness of the crops of Mesopo
tamia.. Even Herodotus) hesitated to
tell the story of its fullness, lest the
people for whom h wrote history
might regard him as a nature faker.
The hanging gardens I of Babylon
stirred the admiration of;the travelers
out of the west, so that they wrote
them down as one of the seven wonders
of the world. Nebuchadnezzar built
them for his wife, Amytis, the beauti
ful Mede, to rescue her from he home
sickness fdr her native Median hills. .
'King Sargon, though he lived , at the
dawn of history, revfewed his reign
much as a president of the United
States or a great .European sovereign
might review mV official career. He
tells us that he restored ancient ruined
cities and colonized them;that he made
barren tracts of land fertile: that he
ga.ve his nation a splendid syfctem of
reservoirs, dams, and cabals; that he
protected the needy from iwant and the
weak from oppression, filled the na
tion's granaries with corn, brought
dawn the high cost of living and found
new markets for the nation's products.
"r " ..'' ' )- I
"Babylon's fortifications are said to
have had a circumference of 65 mllesr
the outer wall of; which was 30 feet
high and 85 feet thick. The palace of
Sargon H covered about 25 acres, and
its front was twice as long sjf that ef
the United States capltolj Forty-eight
great winged bulls guarded Us' -entrances,.
-and upon its wajl were more
than two miles of sculptured slabs tell
ing, the story of the king's reign "
paralysis with them, an epldemlo ts
certain td follow, though) of course a
merely contagious disease I can not'
spread like an lnfectlrrua tonn ' Mnuiii. '
- - , J,' A
ly if dependent upon one of the less
numerous Insects.
To call attention to this danger In
time is the object of
called the disease "most
this note.
dreadful."
Is so because of lt most terrible con
sequences and general incurability, at
least' under "regular" treatment, and
while amenable to more mtinnnl mM,,
of treitment. It is still an extremely
formidable disease. R. 8TUEHCK.
Spring Water, i
Portland, March 15. To the Editor
of The Journal Some I time ago la
woman wrote your paper requesting
information on .good springs near Port
land. Eleven miles out of the city, at
thej end of Oswego .lake, there is a new
sumrneri resort springing up; There
are, many mineral springs about the
lake.; It is strange that) so few Port-
landers know ot the place. It Is liter
ally at
their door-1
ESIDENT.
Too Commonplace, j
From the Pittsburg poet. -"So
Lady Gladys la back from the
front 7' -
"Yes she couldn't find anybody Jn-
teresung or romantic to nurse
IS EARLY DATr!-
Bjc Frad Lockley, Special BUTf Wrlta tt
Th Journal.
"The Whitman massacre occurred
on November 29, 1847," said .-Mrs. W.
F. Helm, an adopted daughter of Dr.
and. Mrs. Marcus Whitman, and a
survivor of the Whitman iiuibsuc re.,
"On the morning of the mfJasacr
school Was taken up for the emigrant
children at the usual time. When X
went to the kitchen Homo time alter
breakfast was over,- my brother John
was making a splint broom and was
watching the jmeal that . whx cooking
for dinner. He had just finished th
dishes. As I. went through the nevt
room. Dr. Whitman and .Mr. Kimball
were nittlng.on a e.ttep, lajktng.'- I
heard Dr. Whitman Bay:- 'Vis, tlilnss
do look pretty bad. If conditions .lou t
get better I am. going to take my fam
ily to the valley.'- My brother I'rank
and my foster brother David, my sis
ter Matf-i Ida. and Kllza "Spalding wne
hurrying to be on time for school. The
Hall i-hildren. he Saunders ililldren
the Vanfielil rhii,!.. v,tt i.-1 .... . T
e . v..., . ..v. iviniiiiill
child reji and the others were jiath r-
lng in the school room.
"I went back Into the kitchen, where
niy brotner John was.. Mrs. Whitman
came out to get some milk for. my
baby sister. Henrietta. Some Indian
women openw tno kitchen door and '
'wi'eu imo ie Kitchen. We -thought
nothing of that, because they often
came in unannounced. When Mrs.
Whitirmn started to 'go out of the
kitchen to the front room where the
sick children wero, one of the sjuaws
caught at her 'and tried to prevent her
going. The Indian woman did not looU
as if she were Joking; she looked sul
len an-l angry. Mrs. Whitman avoided
her, steppeU into the dining room and
locked the door. This astonished me.
for I had never aeon mother lock the
door between the dining room and the
kitchen. ;
"In a moment or two the Indian
women went out, and Mrs. Whitman
came to the dining room door, un
locked it and said: 'Come Elizabeth.
It is time to take your bath,' ' she had
poured the hot water Into a' large
wooden tub near the stove.-
"A I was bathing. Dr. 'Whitman,
came in and said: 'I can't understand
why so many Indiana are gathered
around here this morning.' Some of
the men wero out in the corral killing
a beef. Mrs. Whitman always had us
children bathe about 11 o'clock every
morning. When the weather permit
ted we, took our bath In 'the. stream
near by, but at other times we had
to bathe in the tub. Dr. Whltmnn
picked up a paper from the table and'i
Degan reading. He had hardly atarted
when an Indian rapped on the door
and said, in the Indian tongue: 'I
want some medicine.' Mrs. Whitman
looked up and said: 'Doctor, you are
wanted.'
"Dr. Whitman went to his medicine
case under the stairs, and got some
medicine and started out with it. As
he stepped Into tli kitchen "he looknd
back and said:- 'Wife, lock the door
after me.' Mrs. Whitman stepped over
to the door and locked it. This rather
frightened me, because that wai?twic
that morning I had Been an inside door
I locked. A moment later wo heard tlm
Indians' voices raised in; Joud talk and
(then we heard the report of a gun and
heard the window glass rattlo on the
floor. Mrsi Whitman paid In a low
yoice 'The Indians aVe killing us.' I
1 iitni)w,l mit- ,P int. I . J ,
Ini;""''"" "J"' 1 n"? K'"g
i ll' ru" "l uoora. mrn. uiutirmu
said: IPoor child: You muni have your
clothes on.' I ran to her ami tiJie be
gan helping me to dresn. .loo Lewis
came to the sash- door and Mrs. Whit
man, looking up. said: 'What do you
want. JoeU' I.lttln Mary Ann Biii1er
climbed over the fence, and, eoniln to
the front door, said :' 'Th-y'vi killed
father.'. Mr. Rogers, our teacher, rame.
running up to the sash door and JIih.
Whitman, let him in. Ho was idiot
through the wrist, and the blood '. w:i'i
running in "a stream.. Mm, Whitman
caught up some cloth and .biintlanei
his wrist. In a moment Mr. Kimball
came running to the door. Mrs. Whit
man let him Iri and locked, the door.
One arm was broken and hu-wua hold
ing the broken arm with lids other
hand. He said: 'I don't know what I
have done to the d- d Indians that
they should want to kill me.' Mr,
Kimball was a" very religious man, and
to hear hirn swear In front- of Mrs.
Whitman botii frightened mo and
amused nus. I' wondered, what Mia.
Whitman would say to him for Hwear
lng. He asked' Mrs. Whitman for a
drink. He said he felt too weak to
go and get It- Mrs. Whitman hurried
to Osborne's room and brought him a
dipper of water. As ho utarted to
raise It to his lips some blood from
bis arm spurted In and he put It dowrf
and said he couldn't drink -.bloody
water.
"Mrs. Hall and Mrs. Hays cam run
ning over from the mansion bouse,
each with a baby In her ,orms. Mrs.
Whitman opened the door and they
ran in. Mrs. Whitman Kaid:' 'Will yon
help me brjng the doctor In?" Mr.
'Hall put her little baby on the floor,
and she and Mrs. Whitman went out
Into the kitchen. The Indians were
gone. Mrs. Hall .cam In carrying Dr.
Whitman by the shoulders, and iny
foster mother, M,rs. Whitman, had him
by the feet. They brought him In and
laid him on the floor In the fitting
room. Mrs. Whitman Immediately hur
ried out Into the kitchen and bolted
the kitchen door with a big wooden
bolt. My brother John was lying on
the kitchen floor, still breathing, but
he died In a few hours.
"Mrs. Whitman came in to where
- - . - - - - - - - - - -
an9 H4l.t .ffttn T anvthlnv.ffir vnii ,
He said. In a low voice, 'No.' He had
two tomahawk wounds In'the back
of his head." ,
The Ragtime Muse
Gt-tling On.
Dey l-s some folks always seeln' "
Some one elwe's bc' pOHesion;
Dat'n one way to tclt to beln'
'Way behin'vln life's procession!
Dev. keeps watehln' ehbery neighbor,
Always envyin' an' desirln',
Twel (ley don' git time to labor,
Dey's no busy wlf udmirin'.
Laik er ol'; fool In er waggln
Wlf a lazy rnewl bitched to It,
An' dat lazy mewl er-laKKln"
Same's he's skeerce got life to do it.
All de white falkft n,in jial, nlttiu'
In dey auton, onward strlvln'.
While he watches, plumb rortfittlri'
Fo" tu poke dat "mewl he's jdrivin'.
Now, dey aln' no nawt o knvAvIn'
How folks 'spects to pront by it. .
But along dls road we're tcoin'
Dey's a heap o' folks dat try It.
It jes seerns dey am' no iearnln'.
F;o' some people dis ain't jokln'
Ef to git somewhat youah yearnln'
VouJeb' tt In keep on pokln'J
Two "Starts.
', From tbe Kansas City Journal.
"Well, I see there was a baby hoi n
in the White House recently."
"Yes."
"Nice start In life."
'"Very.. I suppose about the same
time there was a baby born in a log
cabin somewhere."
. - : '-- -v.': !-- V--:, -'