THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL,: PORTLAND, " SUNDAY MORNING, MARCH 4 7, 1915. 0 EMENIS MADE OF June '17 Is Date Selected at Meeting of Directors of As sociation Yesterday CHAMPOEG CELEBRATION Anniversary of Organisation of Tirst American Government West of Bockles to B Held May 1. Arrangements for the Forty-third Annual Reunion of the Oregon pio neers which will be held in' Portland I June .17 -were made yesterday at a t meeting of the board of directors of the Oregon Pioneer association. Members of the board present in cluded, T. T, Geer, pioneer- of 1851, president: Charles B. ' Mnnresi 1V) 3 853, secretary; Henry L. Pittock, '1853: John WVM into. 1848. and Nath an IT. Bird, 1846. The meeting vais held at the rooms of the Oregon Historical society on Second etrcet neat Taylor. JtidRe J, C. Fullerton, of Roseburff, a pioneer of IS. 1, was selected as orator of the day at the reunion. Oeorge II. Himes. T. T. Geer and Charles B. Moores were appointed a committee- of arrangements. John J. Flinn was appointed chaplain, and Nathan H, "Bird marshal, with power to select. 'his own aides. Joseph D. Lee, T, T. Geer and George II. Himes were appointed a-committee on finance. ,Aa the annual celebration at Cham- poeg, on May 2, has been held under the direction of the Oregon Pioneer association for the past two years, Judjre P. H. D'Arcy, 1857, an ex -president of the association, was selected aa 'chairman ; of the committee of ar rangements for the celebration, with power to (select such other members of the committee as he may. think ex- pedlent. j " Since May 2 Is on Sunday tW year. the celebration will take place on Sat urday, May 1. This-will. be the sev enty-second anniversary of the organ ization of the first American civil ffovernroent west of' the Rocky moun tains, and the fifteenth celebration of the event, the first "having been on May 2, 1901. The reunion of the Orenon Pioneer association on June. 17 is for pioneers only those- who came to, or were born In, any PHrt of the original "Oregon country" up to the year 1S59, Inclu sive. The celebration at Champoeg, -while conducted tinder the auspices of the Oregon Pioneer association, may be participated in by the public at large in addition to pioneers. ,' Immigrant Problem Will Be Discussed William T. Shrlver Will ' Speak on Topio at Meeting- at the X. M. O. JL. fTliii'Afttnioon. , ""tlfejrpjFoMem .-sf-stlie, IramigTatit and th'-part that Christian - associations sliiiUfd play in his welcome to Atneri- ca-will , be discussed, t tn !i:is o'cTek'-metLng;,at : the yona Men's Christian 'i association ; today : by Wil liam F. VShriver, natio.1 committee man of; the Federated Churches of Christ 'of, America. Toun-Sr 'Immigrants will speak of their-,first, experiences' in America at the fellowship supper at 5:20 o'clock. Special music has been provided for both- of these meetings. R. E. Ran dajK religious work director of the Portland' association, will . lead the meeting; of the Salem" association to day, ;- " DECREE FOR MRS. REESE Mrs. Sarah V, Reese was yesterday (franled a divorce" from ;"vTilliam B. Reese, tan Insurance broker, and awarded! $300 cash alimony, a third interest in-three lots held by him In Ins, Park, and $75 attorney's fee. Judge Morrow granted the decree but stated . in; the decree that his-decision did noti settle title to the property which is claimed by Reese's father. Circuit Judge Gantenbein yesterday granted a divorce fro Carrie E. Blakes- lee against Chcrles W. Blakeslee on grounds' Ct . desertion. Divorce ' suits In which) desertion is alleged were filed by Isabelle Butler against Wil liam .Butler and Elizabeth Dailey against W. A. Dailey. Charles B. Foy sued Azell Foy for divorce, allesrine cruelty. . ' Company Files Articles. Articles of incorporation of G. Co- vach & Co., capitalized at $2000, to conauet a market, were filed yesterday with County Clerk Coffey bv G. Co- vacb and J, W. and Edith McNemar. II ARRANG FOR ANNUA REUNION OREGON PIERS An Extraordinary Entertainment '' ' ' , - - V Commencing Monday (tomorrow), the following artists l ' , will appear in the Arcadian Garden. Singing, dancing and enter- tainment will mark, a notable attractipn during dinner and after- ' theatre supper. ' Af ORE A TENOR The VYounff Caruso.' ' MISS BILLIE WILLS Popular Songs, of the Day. Ilil'ini'Mi !i!l!llll!llliill!llllli!!llll!: Jury Settles It; Finds Man Guilty Haw Point Brought in Trial of a Man Who Is Accused of Counter! tltlng Jury rinds Him f nilty. - The easy means.'of procuring aflo tllla of bar schooners and as many 5 cent piece in exchange for one cent pieces coated by a .bath in nitrate of silver r until they resemble, dimes is, counterfeiting. ; For the first time in the history of the United States ' this point was -decided ye&terday in the; federal court, when Hugh OVNeil, north end denizen, was tried for passing cent pieces so treated on numerous Buroslde street saloons. ,v ' ",, ' v: , ' ' When O'Neil was arrested ;two months ago on a counterfeiting charge, the government officials were hard put to answer .the question of whether O'Neil was really 'a counterfeiter, un der the law, or whether a loop hole had been discovered. The records were-thoroughly searched. and only one case which bore, any sim ilarity to .O'Neil'sj ws uncovered, and that oiie hud been tried in-Massachusetts, in 148 w! r . ; But -the Jury settled the question yesterday afternoon when it found 1dm guilty. Judge Rudkin, of Spokane, who sat in at the trial, took cognizance of CNeil's incarceration in Jail for the last two months, and let him off with a sentence of one tidy. . Woman Addresses Jury; Gets Verdict . .. Miss X.angley, mn Attorney of ror est Oro, "Pleads for Woman in Personal Injury Case. Unusual, if not unprecedented in Multnomah county court annals, was the sight of a woman addressing a personal injury case Jury which oc curred in- Circuit Judge Gantenbein a court yesterday. . . - Miss Manche Irene Langley, an at torney of Forest Grove, Or, made the closing argument in the suit of Mrs. Mabel R. Hartman for $100,000 dam ages against the Oregon Electric Rail way company. The jury returned a verdict for $5000. . Miss Langley is associated with her brother, Lotus L.. Langley, a Portland attorney, in the Hartman case, as counsel for Mrs. Hartman. Once At torney John F. Logan, representing liability insurance companies involved in tne aerense, started to object to Miss Langley's argument on the ground that she was speking of mat ter not in the record. He caught himself before he had finished, and subsided. "Go ahead," said Miss Langley. "I'm a lawyer, so make your objection." "I cannot." answered Logan, gal lantly. "You're also a lady." Miss Langley took up the argument again, being easeful, to keep within the record for the remainder of the talk. Mrs. Hartman sued as the result of the death of her son, William B. Hart man,. who was electrocuted while em ployed by the company at Orville, Or., March 19. 1913. Honors Even, Judge r Dismisses the Case ..-"I think the honors were even in this .fight. decreed Municipal Judge Stevenson yesterday after listening to the details" of the fight between Cap tain J. O. McClelland, manager of Ben Selling's, 5 cent eating house and club room for unemployed men at271 Front street, and J. H. Kane, yesterday. The case was dismissed. Kane had Captain -McClelland ar rested, charging assault with a deadly weapon. According to Kane, Captain McClelland told the men that he did not want "stiffs" and "bums" hanging around his , place, and when Kane ob jected, the manager put him In that classification and told him to get out. In the ensuing conflict', Kane used a chair, and Captain McClelland the poker. - ; , LOGGING OUTPUT IS LIGHT The Columbia River Coggers assb ciation held its monthly meeting yes terday afternoon and discussed con ditions. J. S. O'Gorman presided.. It was stated that about 0 per cent of the camps in the Columbia river district are now in operation, but their output is only about 40 per- cent of normal. A few other camps will re sume operations after the shut down for the winter, next month. The un derstanding is, however, that the out put of sawlogs will be light until the mills indicate an active demand. Two Are Sentenced. Because of a previous good record, Ernest Stanley was permitted to plead guilty to a charge of simple larceny before Circuit Judge Davis this mora, ing and was sentenced to 30 days in the county Jail. Joseph Douvinan, convicted Thursday of simple assault as the result of a saloon brawl, was sentenced to six months in the county jail. MISS PANSY HOOD Popular Southern Soprano.' THE THREE NASQUIRI A SISTERS , ' Entertainers ' - Singing-Dancing Music SIGNOR COLLETTE ORCHESTRA Hotel Mxiltnomak L.P.ROWUXS.Asst.T' lilliiiiniiiilfniiilfllliiiiiniiiiiimHimnHiifnrmiiminnimmnmimmimmniimimn iiiuiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiittiimiiiiLiiuiiiiitiuniiuiiitiiiiiiii BOOSTING F DECLARED TO HAVE BEEN ROBBED AND BADLY BEATEN Sheriff of Kalama Tells of Assault and Portland Sus pect Is in Custody, That Fred Ahles, retired fisherman of Kalama, was assaulted, terribly beaten and robbed of the money and bank deposit certificates, aggregat ing over $6000, by Fred Hawkins, the ex-convict, on wtiom the money was found when he was arrested for drunk enness Friday night, was the story brought to Portland yesterday by Sheriff J. Close of Kalama. The officer identified Hawkins as a man whom" he had seen loafing aboit Kalama for-eeveraL, days .previous to the-rebberyf which occurred last Tues day,'; Hawkins also answered o ,ml nuta details the description of one of the -robbers, furnished by the victim. Sheriff. Close said that the rdbbers entered Ahles shack In the river bot toms about a mile from Kalama aboujt 4 o'clock in the afternoon. They de manded that Ahles produce his money. He refused and started to fight them. As a result he was terribly beatem Then to intimidate him, he was tied hand and foot . to the bed, and the bonds were futher secured by the ap plication of long splints "to his arms. Then the robbers threatened to tor ture their victim with fire, and Ahles finally divulged, the hiding place of his valuables in some old clothes. After the robbers left, Ahles, who is past 70 years old, began working at his bonds,' but did. not free himself until about -4 o'clock the next' morn ing. Then he was too frightened to report the robberies, and as a result, the peace officers of Kalama heard nothing of it until the report same from Portland yesterday morning. Ahles lives practically as -a miser, and Sheriff Close said he found the home in a greatly dilapidated, condi tion. From further information gath ered by City Detectives Moloney and Royle yesterday, it is believed that Hawkin's partner was also an ex-convict of the Walla Walla penitentiary. As soon as the papers are prepared. Hawkins will be returned to Kalama for final identification and trial. Old-fashioned Dance Planned. Gresham, Or., March 6.- The . Old People's club, of which Mayor George W. : Stapleton is president, will give the next of its series oi old-fashioned dances at Regner"s" hajl on the evening of March 18. ;'-"Thursday night one of the series was "given I MR, JACK CLIFFORD Character Impersonator, MAN - OR PACIFIC EXPOSITIONS Norwegian-Danish Session Near End Annual Convention Will Come to a Close Tomorrow; Sermons for Zart Day Announced. The annual convention of the Pacific coast district of the Norwegian-Danish Methodist Episcopal church which has been in session since Wednesday eve ning at the .Vancouver avenue Norwe gian Danish Methodist Episcopal church at Vancouver avenue and Skid more street, will close tomorrow with preaching by Rev. S. A, Scarvie, of Seattle, in the morning, and by Rev. C. A. Peterson, of Seattle, in the eve ning. Rev. Mr. Peterson will lecture at. a. joint festival of the churches of this faith at the First church, Eighteenth and Hoyt streets, tonight. This morning papers were by Rev. H. T. Nelson, of Portland, on "The In fluence of the European War on Mis sions in Christendom," and by Rev. C. A. Peterson on "Sin in the Light of Modern Thinking." A general discus sion of the church work was held this afternoon following luncheon served by the women of the church. Rev. Hi T, Nelson preached last night, assisted by Kev, B. A, Hcarvie. - . Yesterday morning and af terpoort the fbllowing papers were read: "The Sec ond Coming of Christ," ' Rev. Joseph Olson, Tacoma; 1 "Relations of the Church to Our Children and Youth,' Rev. A. Vereide, Vancouver Aventeo church; "The Best Way to Meet the Church Expenses Tithing," Rev. C J Larsen, Portland, Pacific coast district superintendent; "The Outlook of This Faith on the Pacific Coast," O. O. Twebe, , editor "The Testimony," Se attle; and "The Sunday School, ? the Church's Most Important Work," Rey, T. B. Ford, Oregon City Methodist church. - Lecture Series For Gresham Planned Gresham, Or., March 6. A series of biographical lectures on great mission' aries will be delivered Sunday eve nings at Llnneman Memorial Metho dist Episcopal church by Rev. Melville T. Wir.e, pastor, commencing tomorrow evening, when the theme will be:'"Ver- beck. Statesman and Missionary, the Father of Modern Japan.'!. The pastor will occupy his pulpit tomorrow morn ing also. "The Second Comingr of Christ" will be the topic of Mrs. E. M. Arnold, evangelist, at the revival service at Gresham Free Methodist ,church to imorrow -evening. Mrs. Arnold, who was for many years in charge of the Peniel mission, Portland, will preach tomorrow morning also. A. Pentecostal service will be held tomorrow after noon. -- m NOW SEEKING REVENGE If you tell A. G. Clark, president of the Portland Ad club, thjp trials in the district court are always short be pre pared for trouble. Tuesday he Tfas summoned, to Judge Bell's court for Jury duty. When Mr. .Clark suggested that he did not have time to serve he was assured on all sides that dis trict court cases are "always short." He took his place as a juryman and enjoyed himself in his new. role for a time. As tne hours passed be be came worried and when the case was adjourned until Wednesday morning he was out of sorts. The case. finally ended Wednesday afternoon arid Clark was indignant though he received fees for his services. He is now seeking revenge on those who said district court cases are "always hort. RAILWAY HEAD IS COMING Officials of the Portland Railway, Light & Power company are preparing for the visit of E. W. Clark, of Phila delphia, chairman of the board of di rectors, who is' expected here shortly after March 15. Following recent In spection trips; the traction men .are preparing .their budget of -estimated expenditures for the coming fiscal year; Which will be submitted to the chairman on his arrival., Mr. Clark will remain here between two and three weeks. Ke makes this visit annually. 7 r Storms Delay Trains. Storms in the middle west have caused numerous, delays to transcon tinental trains during the, last week, the .mails due y esterday mornjng hav ing, not been received until late after noon. The O-W. R. & N. mail train No. 5, which carries the big bulk of mail into Portland, was many- hours late though the delay-occurred onthe eastern end of the system. GENERAL SCOTT GOES TO CAPTURE PIUTES, ASSISTED BY WARRIOR Declares He Can Settle Indian "War" Without Aid of Sol diersRed Men Escape. (United Presm Leased TTlre. Denver, Col., March 6. r-Brlgadier General Hugh L. Scott, chief of staff of the United States 'army, is going into the retreat of the Piute Indians of Southeastern Utah, accompanied only . by an old Navajo warrior, so far as actual support is concerned. Where a pesse of upwards of 60 men, led by Marshall Nebeker, failed to capture Old Polk and Tse-Ne-Gat. the Piute leaders, and their followers. Gen eral Scott expects to make peace with them without fighting or any show of force. General Scott arrived here today on his way to the scene of the Piute "war." .When told that all reports indicated the Indians had escaped from the vicinity of Viuff and made for the Navojo mountains, he said: "Well, that means a pretty long trip, and the old man's pretty well along in years for a hard ride in the saddle through rough country, but I guess be can stand 4t." ' VI am satisfied," continued Gen eral Scott, "that I can settle this trou ble without the aid of soldiers. I have telegraphed to have Bizo-She, leader of th. last trouble among the Nava jos, to meet me at Bluff." General Scott is accompanied by ColoneL Robert E. L. Michie, his aide, and Paul Randolph, an orderly. . Or ders hav-e been telegraphed ahead to ILBo 355 ALDER ST., Coats, Suits, Dresses, Blouses, (Of the Better Class) An individual shop where only the smartest styles are shown at reasonable price's. Our exclusive models for Spring and Sum mer wear are now ready for your inspection. Mrs. Holliday Will Return From New York Wednesday, March 10th. FENCE DIRECT uwn Fence, 2 feet to 6 feet hixh. uaies, ana up. i - Largest variety of Farm Fence and Gates in the city. - Fence 21e per rod and up. i 1 Galvanised Gates and Steel' Posts. 'All kinds oft wire products at lowest possible prices. - t ?olSStcl?OT National Fence Co., 181 Columbia St. NEW TAX LAW, SLOWS DOWN PAYMENTS OF THE LARGE TAXPAYERS First Five Weeks Shows a Falling .Off of $185,543 This Year. I ONLY HALF IS REQUIRED Property Owners Wno XJauldate 60 Per Cent Tnls Month Xt Until September 30 to Pay Best. - Tax paying this year is slow com pared with a year ago, according to figures of last-night. For the past five weeks but 683312.?8 has- been collected; as compares with $968, 954.40 for the same period last year, or $185,543.62 le,ss. This year 12,831 individual payments have been made to late, compared -with 14,569 for the same period a year ago, a loss of 1738. Chief Deputy Tax i Collector Huck aby said that the majc-rity of payments this year are in 'full, though many are taking advantage jof the permitted half payment before! March 31. rie said that he has heard a number of big corporations -which pay thousands of dollars of taxes expect to mane half payments late this month. . Last year full payments were required un til March 24, when Judge Cleeton de cided the penalty portion of the oia law unconstituttonaLi Those who pay one-half of their taxes by Alarcn 31 wii not d iorcea to pay Interest on the remaining half if they make the second half payment by September 30, Should no payment be made on taxes prior to March 31 the entire tax will become delinquent. Mr. Uuckaby urges that all taxpay ers write or call, for statements at once whether they desire to pay now or not' Reaucsts by mail for state ments will receive prompt attention and checks can be mailed back to the department accompanied by the state ments, thus saving taxpayers the tire some delays of personal requests. R. W. FEENEY'S FUNERAL Funeral -services .for . Ralph W, Feeney were held from Finley's chapel at 2:30-' o'clock yesterday afternoon and Interment was in the Riverview cemetery. Rev. J.. 3. Staub of the Sunnyside Congregational church bad charge of the services, while Mr. and Mrs. J. S. Hamilton sang. The pall beares were A. L. Barbur, George L, Thomas. D. L. Povey, C." Nealand. C. Dudrowiand -A. W, Allen. Dr. David Walker, of the Ancient Order of ujnited Workmen, who knew Mr. Feeney well says that his death was caused by worry and hot because of any piecuniary i trouble. Worry that his f rtends who had invested In the Horticultural Fire Relief com pany and the Oregon Merchants Mu tual Insurance for which he was the Portland agent, ; would lose their money, was the cause of Mr. Feeney's oeath, according to ; Dr. -Walker. ; j CLEAN MILK CONTEST ON A clean j milk contest Is being held during thi year by: the Portland 'Pure Milk and SCream company with ll various shippers and will aWard . number of prizes for the milk deliv ered by skippers scoring the highest points. Tae milk, is to be scored un der the federal ; .government scors card. A skiver cup, silver tea ser vice and cash are among the prizes offered. The dairymen and shippers are taking? much i interest in the com petition and torn high scores are promised. i " i j ' Thompson'fe Spring to have a spring wagon ready there.; as it is from this point General Scott will start into the Indian country. Hj HOLIDAY CO. CORNER OF PARK TO CONSUMER illlllllllllillllllllll it etiwim2iMMiiiiliiiiiiiMiliii per foot and up. Lawn Held to Grand Jury On Bad Check Charge George p. Botunu of tit Canadian Homestead Company Xm Bound Oyer; Evidence la Cass. 'George P. Rossman of the Canadian Homestead company was bound over to the, grand Jury by District Judge Dayton, yesterday on a charge of pass ing a bad check" for $3 on Ashley & Rumtlin. bankers.' The check was drawn against the Northwestern Na tional bank. Evidence showed that Kossman once deposited a $50 check with the bank which was dishonored. While the check was held by the bank, the bank officials said, Rossman drew checks against the amount and when Where to Hear Good Music , " EILERS RECITAL HALL 0 TKfi WXSK COMMESTCXXO MAgCH 8. The public Is cordially Invited to attend these free Musicals to hear Emmy Destlnn and Titto Ruffo, two world renowned and popu lar Metropolitan Opera stars. Also Miss Eloise Anita Hall, soprano soloist at St. David's church. The last three days of the week, Jainty little -Marian Schiller will give two exquisite child dances. Little Miss Schiller is an unusually beautiful child, and her dancing is grace and poetry combined. ' r; j I, !" roiiowing is a program that, young and old: j j - ; . A CONCERT RECITAL At Eilers Recital Hall SAXXiT 3:00 : EMMY . and TITTO RUFFO assisted toy ELOISE ANITA MARIAN MISS MILDRED STEPHENSON, Accompanist - -i Program Jewels of the Madonna.,.-. ' ' ii. :.) Tosca-Vlssid'arts ; . . . . Emmy Destlnn. III. - 'Concertos for Two Violins, First! - . iv, ' j Madam -Butterfly -Some Day He'll" Come Eloise Anita Hall Commencing Thursday afternoonj Butterflies ana Visions Venesiana; Barcarolle.. one. Tittof - - VII. Walts Song. .............. . . ........... Miss HalL . VIII.. -W1iMnr TTolk Sonar. ................. . Destlnn; - "- ix. j.'.-.-. Vienna Popular Song;. ......... .. . i ., . Fritz Krelslcr. "jx.:-,-; Ponular Ballad. ............... L . . . i. . . Accompanied Otello SI pel-Clel . . . . . , Ruffo ..." - I The Shower DishHerf0& A LITTLE APPLIANCEWHICH WILL vxraeu atm vMin r l - v..:-.. 'Li ii njun ft-i i vuiv uiinci, Forks, Spoons and Utensils. Your Hands Are Kept Dry No Dish Rag No Dish Pan No Dish Towel Strictly Sanitary Requires Half The Time. hi rhone Ksin 7345 for demon- stration in 1 our hnrni or a.t onr i display room. Xllus. clroular sent mi Shower Dishwasher Mfsr.'Co. 325 Northwestern Bank NORTH COAST LIMITED ATLANTlb EXiPRESS The high-class,: fast daily, through trains between, the - - i'acuic northwest and CHHCAGO Via Minneapolis and S NOTtherrv Pacific Or use the Mississippi Valley Limited 1 Fine daily service to and from ST. LOUIS j . Via St. Joe and Kansas City ... Finest dining car service, and . - - . servea on 1 A. D. - 1 : - . I --ii 'C . Give us the names' and addresses of your friends in the '"Kast. V will advise them of the EXCURSION FARES toi I'acific Nortli4 west and the California Expositions. . i j i n i r it was dishonored he was charged iu ' ' with $50 in clucks and the protect' Charges.- The testimony wss to thu effect that he wns thus indebted toi ' Jhe bank instead of having an account" i there as he represented. i ,' ; . mi . ' i ; i ; f Agreement Leads to Hult. H i - An agreement between J. George 8r.. j ana J. ueorge jr., oy wnicn i.tey w.er to. divide household expenses resulte In a suit in the district cour lnj whlctj the father - asks for Judgment fo 1122.75, which he charges tho. son an daughter-in-law did not pay on tliei share' of the expenses. ' The f:irhilie lived together for five months, accord ing to the complaint, and during that tlm the expenses were $3l5.D0.j Ueoriie Jr., according to the father, paid bijt $35- of the $167.75 due from him. Aij Itemized statement of the -j houfeho?. expenses Is iven in the complaint, f ! will appeal to every aiusio pover, TO 4:30 P. M. DESTINN HALL, Soprano SCHILLER 4 . .!! ..Wolf -Ferrari Movement 1VM. . . . . ballet, j ; ....... V.- , Dainty iMferian Schiller wilt dance tne jupiwou. vl Ruffo. . .1. . . QrVlet p-Brogl : ligh Jinks :. . '. . . lit . Bohemia and Giljy. .Br nrtl-kreisler M hs Hall Verdi by Vin'tijoJ T . ,'. . . . .1 and Caruso. SECOND rx.oo i ri i , i ii i SX&BKS Btnx.DINO I--i -M i i - ii i I BBOAJDWAT AT AX.SXK. L ' - 1 - . - -h il i I -1 1 i xvnives -h. -NtK--wr Building 1 I- Paul RailWay the "Great! Big Baked Pota-tof an trams. Tickets, full information-: Charlton; A. C. pi A. .---; M. -.1- -v- I i i 255 Morrison St.1, I'hones Main 244, A-1244 : y - -i.l - -ii- ; T ! Tortland .i Puccini j .J.. . Bach .1 . .Puccini j 1 s if. i i . . .