EUROPE WOULD BEAN ARMED CAMP IN EVENT OF GERMAN
VICTORY
By Cuglielmo .Ferrero.
ARTICLE 2CO. 2
THE secret report, of the German
council of state to the Emperor,
of March 19, 1913, that the French
government succeeded in, obtain
ing and publishing in, Its I 'Yellow
Book," closes with this conclusion:
Such are the duties of our army.
They demand large effectives. If the
enemy attacks us, or- if w i wish 'to
tame him, we shall do as did our broth
rs 100 -years ago. The aroused esgle
will take its flight, and, seizing the
enemy in Its sharpened claws, render
Mm harmless. - We shall then remem
ber that the provinces of the old Ger
man empire, the country f Burgundy,
snd a large portion of Ixrraine are still
In the hands of the Franks, that thou
sands of our German brothers groan
under the .yoke of the Slav. It Is a na
tional matter to give back to Germany
what she "formerly possessed.-"
. There Is no doubt that If Germany
conquers she will not only" annex' Bel
gium and a part of France, as Isaldln
my last- article but also the Baltic
provinces that today belong to the
: Moscovlte empire. But If Germany
Wins, Austria-Hungary will also win
with her, and Austria will annex Ser
bia. And who can doubt that after
their victory Germany and Austria
would tighten their alliance better to
enjoy the fruit of their bloody con
quest. ; ? .- -
A Bridge Front Sea to Sea.
j Now, it Is only necessary .to give a
fclance at the map of Europe to know-
that in case Europe were thus sliced up
by the two formidable German empires,
next door to- each other, they would
form a great German bridge from the
Baltic to the Adriatic, and needonly
bide their time- to extend themselves
to the Aegean sea. Placed In the heart
of Europe, In a -central position, united
epe with the other, populated by per
haps 140,000,000, swollen In prestige,
formidable In arms by land and by sea,
owning the richest mines of coal and
Iron, dominating . communications be
tween the north: and south, between the
cast and west Of Europe, the two Ger
man empires could not only sveedily
take possession of the ;Slavs and Lat
ins that populated the rest op-the old
continent, but also raise up th61r heads
and speak threateningly to all other
continents!
I have said they are now side by side
In n central position. It Is a. particu
lar to which I again call the attention
of my readers, because it la of capital
Importance. i .Two allied states whlcn
re side by side, assailed and encircled
by adversaries who surround them, as
la the case in this war, find themselvea
either In a very good or very baa posi
tion. Very good If they are the strong
est, and winning, because from their
SCIENCE ROBS
IMAGINATION.
OF PET IDEAS
Ghosts and Spooks and Like
Will , Not -Withstand Scien
tific Examination; They
' 'Thrive Only in the ' Dim
. . Light of Fancy.
- By Dr. Woods Hutchinson.
r rresident-Elect of t.le American
Academy of Medicine.-
HUMANITY has always felt an Jm
. mense .'and most natural curios
ity about both" its past and Its
future. "What was I before I
came into the light of day? What
shall I be after I have closed my eyes
VPn it forever?" has been echoed In
every age and in every clime. '
s- "The life of man," said the grand
old pagan Northumbrian chief, Ead
wine, to the Roman monks wno came
to convert him, "is like a sparrow, fly
ing through an open window into the
great banquet hall at night, fluttering
for a few moments in the torchlight
and . then out again into the darkness
whence it came."
From the reappearance to us of our
lost loved orves In dreams came at an
early age the. belief that our life does
mot end here, but continues In some
future state or sphere.- Hence, what
more natural than the hope that if we
could in some way communica te with
those who had gone before, could re
ceive messages from the dead, we
should be able to solve the mystery of
our future 7 '
Probably as much energy has been
spent by humanity in the endeavor to
establish,., communication with the de-
Krted, to receive such - information
m those gone before, as upon any
ether single problem. But, with all
0ue reverence and profound respect
for the touching natural affection
Which has mainly prompted these ef
forts, scarcely is there a realm in
which the returns have been so in
definite, so meagre And so disappointing..-
Even those who believe most
firmly in a future life, are compelled
to echo the melancholy refrain of the
iTentmaker:
"Strange, is it not? That of the myrl
'.. ads who , '
Before us passed the door of Darkness
through
Not one returns to tell us of the road
Which to discover ," e mustf travel too?"
"It is only Just lately that we have
begun to realize and . understand the
reason for the- ,disappoin':ng. and in
adequate nature of these communica
tion from disembodied spirits, and the
purpose of this paper is to briefly and
Impartially 'set forth . the scientific
facts' which make it so extremely dif
f icult to communicate- in any way
with those in "the other world, and so
far as we can see" will always make
ucih : communication difficult, if not
practically Impossible.
That is, of course, . without In the
Slightest degree raising the question
of whether a future life exists. In fact,
allowing that to be taken for granted,
to point out that this extreme diffi
culty ' exists. Nor, on the other hand,
has it any bearing upon religious be
liefs ' founded upon revelation. Inas
much as such messages lit- have been
brought back from the other world and
made, the basis of religions were, for
the most part, brought , back by gods
and not by men, and gods, of c-Ourse,
ra exempt from all the ordinary rules
of evidence, -
Eeligiona Claims Hot Touched in TJis-
cusslon.
A message Or revelation brought by
a rodr from the other world has no
fearing on the question whether it is
possible for an . ordinary mortal to
bring back or send such a message, for
the cods, in the nature of tha case.
ire immortals, and have either alwaysj
REASON APLENTY
central position they can try to beat
their enemies one by one, and, succeed
ing, get all the fruit possible out of the
victory from the Beparated allies. The
position, however, is very bad If they
are weak and losing, because then at
the decisive moment they will be as
sailed on different sides at the same
time. - . -. -: .-.t. r
So, If! the German empires win. they
must , win most, decisively, because of
their v geographical position, as Borne
for the . same reason was forced thor
oughlyt to beat and subjugate all tha
coalitions of Italian people that formed
against her. , !-'".:- -
What moral, political and intellectual
consequences would this have? t Thev
would be: many and grave. The war
of 1870 was enough : greatly to rein
force the - monarchical traditions end
the principles of . authority that bad
been declining since the French Revo
lution. "Very, few; are the European
statesmen who have come Into prom
inence since 1870; who have not nour
ished the dream of copying . the model
of Bismarck. ' . : -
How many caricatures of the German
chancellor have afflicted Europe "since
then! The-thought that, the different
peoples of Europe could ever live side
by Bide, at least respecting, If hot lov
ing one fanother, . has been considered
almost unworthy of a serious states
man. War,' eternal and decreed by
Fate, has been the first article of faith
of each' man who wanted to be called
upon to govern! ; - :
Big Armaments Sot Peace Guarantees.
I If the -states of Europe have spent
fabulous ! sums on arming themselvea
during these last 44 years, and if It has
been Impossible to assure the old world
of a peace less ; costly and lesj pre
carious a peace really desired, never
theless the . principal. cause must
again -be sought In the war of 1870.
Now, It is not possible to doubt that
this states of things would . get still
worse If Germany won. William II
would become the model for sovereigns,
and the annihilation, of Belgium would
pass for a mighty act of, heroism. We
should be forced to resign ourselves to
all live In a Europe turned into an enor
mous armory, and prepare ourselves
for . new and bloody wars, hoping for
salvation only m an anarchistic revolu
tion. In extreme cases, extreme rem
edies, says the proverb.
But perhaps, there would be a still
graver danger' to fear. After a new
victory; the German spirit would exert
a still' greater Influence on the world
than It does today, and this, of all the
ills, perhaps, would be the worst. Let
us well understand each other. I shall
never be the one, to wrong the Ger
mans, denying the great qualities with
which' they are endowed or disputing
lived in this celestial sphere, or have
been permitted to appear on earth for
a brief period in order that they might
establish communication between the
two worlds. The same is- true of the
revelations of a future world, alleged
to have been made by living men;
their claim was not that they had
died and gone to another world and
then come back, but that they had vis
ited "the future world in some form of
trance as" a ' special mark ' of " -divine
favor, and then been permitted to come
back to earth" and relate 'what -they
had seen. So that the discussion will
throw neither credit nor discredit upon
any-of the claims of religion, nor bear
upon the question as to whether there
be a future life or not. It is merely
an attempt to explain why alleged
messages from the dead, or from the
deceased returning to earth, are of
such a scanty and unsatisfactory char
acter.
Renewed attention -has been fixed
upon this subject- all over the world
by the recent statement of the once
eminent scientist, Sir Oliver Lodge, of
Birmin gham ; university, England, tnat
he had received--messages- from the
dead and particularly, from "fragments
of the personality of his former
friend, F W. H. Myers, which he was
convinced were genuine and established
the possibility of communication with
the other world. Unfortunately, the
eager hope aroused by this statement
was sadly dashed by his refusal to
comply with the prompt and universal
demand that :he should, publish these
messages at once on the ground that
while the evidence was sufficient to
convince him of ; their genuineness, it
probably 3 would : not carry conviction
to any one else. Which, it may be
remarked in passing, is a universal
ana world old characteristic of all such
evidence. i - . .
It may be further frankly stated
that In the bright lexicon of science
there is no such word as "impossible"
and although ; the. difficulties of a
communication with another, or spirit,
world are extremely: great and abso
lutely fundamental. in our bodily struc
ture, this is by; no means to say that
they are absolutely inseparable, and
that theyj may not possibly some day
be overcome. Merely to.polnt out the
tremendous, inherent limitations upon
our powers of communication with a
world outside-our own bodies and that
all our supposed means of receiving
impressions by any other means than
through-. our five senses so far re
ported are,'-on. careful investigation
found to be absolute illusions.
Only Through Our Senses Are We Kept
f From Isolation.
"We are absolutely Incapable of real
izing how completely isolated, how ter
ribly and utterly alone in the universo
each one of us human beings is. We
eat, we drink, we wake, we sleep; we
shudder with fear and glow with pleas
ure. We are a little world, the moc
rocosm of the ancients. We Jive, we
move and know all that goes on within
our own boundaries. But, except for
the evidence of our senses, each one
of us is the only man, or the only
woman, alive la the world! The only
proof we have of the existence of other
human beings is through the impres-r
sIons which they make upon our senses
of sight, of hearing, of smell, or toucn
In other words which their bodies
make upon our bodies. The moment-
that they have no bodies, that they
become disembodied spirits and of
the fate of the body we have, of course,
not the slightest doubt; . even though
the spirit has passed over into ihe be
yond the body remains and decays in
the grave they cease to have, any
means by which they can make Impres
sions upon our senses.
T3ven though they may possess what
Is termed a "spirit body," that spirit
body can make no impressions what
ever upon and can set up no ivibratlons
in our material body. If it should be
urged that we have a spiritual body
which cannot demonstrate Itself to the
evidence of our senses, but which can
communicate with their spiritual body,
that would bring us into the impasse,
that wo ought .to be able to communl
cats equally well with the spiritual
bodies of other human beings who are
still living upon the earth, with our
friend's In the next-state, or over the
mountains or across the Atlantic And
GREAT GERMAN BRIDGE REACHING FROM THE BALTIC TO THE
ADRIATIC WOULD BE CREATED WITH THE ANNEXATION OF
, BELGIUM AND PART OF FRANCE AS FEATURES
how much they have done in the great
family of Europe for the progress of
human civilization. : " j "..-i
Splendid Place in History of Germany.
Any one who knows the history of
the world knows that a splendid place
Is reserved for Germany in the hier
archy of the nations. But they are no
perfect, either they even have defects
and these defects are euch that, if
their diffusion ultrapasses a certain
measure, ithey become dangerous and
fatol. This is hot only true of the Ger
mans, but likewise of all the other peo
ples; but the i German defects work
quicker and : on a larger scale-than
those of most other peoples because
their principal defect is exaggeration.
Erasmo of Rotterdam called . Luther
"the hyperbolical doctor." We may
call Germany . "the. hyperbolical na
tion." ' y i - : i '
There is something-In the German
Imagination,: something excessive, , that
always goes farther- than what seems
the right measure to! tne other peoples;
they confound the colossal and the: gi
gantic with the j great;:, and through
their fury to dare more and more, they
too often find themselves before the
impossible., , - -.-''
It is not, perhaps, too much to say
that Germany, pushed on by this ex
cessive Imagination, has taken upon
herself in the last century the task of
carrying out all the principles that the
civilization of our time has been creat
ing little by little, and. rushes them, to
the most extreme consequences and ex
aggregation, ignoring the risk, by do
ing so, of changing them Into causes of
torment and danger! ','"'"
How many examples could be cited!
I shall restrict myself to two, but these
two are i particularly ' interesting just
now. What is the principle on which
Is based modern Industry modern, in
dustry that has replaced the careful
and skillful hand by ' the vertiginous
machine worked by steam or electri
city? The quantity of production Is
growing at the expense of . the quality.
Our times cannot, manufacture 'the
marvelous stuffs nor. the magnificent
and solid, furniture,- nor the charming
bric-a-brac of the eighteenth and sev
enteenth centuries. - Instead, we. man
ufacture greater quantities of every
thing, flooding all the markets and fill
ing all the houses. :
" England and France have applied this
principle, it la true, allowing the qual
WHY WE RECEIVE NO MESSAGES
If there Is anything which is absolutely
and abundantly proved beyond the pos
sibility of a serious doubt, it is that
no such : power, of communication has
ever been' proved to exist. 'Ail alleged
instances of it so far have been proved
to be merely Imaginary or the result
of coincidence or of downright fraud.
Would' anybody dream for a moment
of buying wheat, or stocks on ; thji
strength1 of a tip received from the
spiritual body of a friend of his in
Odessa, or London, or. .Buenos Ayres?
What credit-would be given in : court
to a man who declared he had stabbed
another, ; on the strength of a spirit
message from Sicily, that the man
whom he attacked was plotting to mur
der htm? All such messages between
man and man; which do not come
through and cannot be supported by
the evidence of the senses and
'checked up" toy repetition of other
witnesses are merely . old Wives tales
and sea serpent stories, which are no
more considered or deferred to-In the
practical conduct of life than the will-o'-the-wisp
as a guide- to navigation or
the hooting of an owl as a sign of im
pending death. . -
Even the messages which come to us
from our senses -are not one-tenth, as
definite and specific as .we -usually.be-
lieve. TaK our most vivid and con
stantly exercised sense, that of sight.
What we really see Is not things, or
persons, or entire objects, as we usual
ly .declare, but simply certain , combi
nations of light and darkness, of color
and outline,; which we have -learned in
inrancy H to associate with certain
things. For instance, if we say we
see an orange, what we really see is A
round disc of color which wo have
learned to call yellow, with certain
shadings upon it which make us think
that it bulges toward Us in the mid
dle in other words, is convex and
which, if we were to grasp It, we
should find to be of a globular shape
and pimply roughness; and if we were
to smell It, would have a more or less
pungent odor, i A skillfully painted
and shaded picture of an orange would
make exactly : the same - impression
upon our sense of sight as would the
orange itself.- j .
Similarly, when we say we see a
horse, we merely see certain, outline
of shades of brown of black,' or gray,
1 1
ft , - s - -,r "-'V -,fl -",'r, ; , 't 'Ki
1 ! i r'- F ?; ft A U "
! 11. 'c 'X m?" f - h i ! It Ji
mft $& . :-v: . .i.s?w.-.. . -"'- - 1 -t f t f I Kpi-
ul II KSi -----S1 jt " m lira
m- , -. . . . . j. "-t. Kt :-rr 3
Foreign military attaches in front of, the headquarters of the ninth
United States-army ls-seea in the front
ity to deteriorate somewhat to make it
possible- to produce greater quantities
and at ; more accessible -prices- but
they have not . done -so beyond a certain
limit.- The- Germans, - on the other
hand, have rushed'over all limits, in
itiating in modern Industry that which
the French t call "the camelots" (the
cryer), filling the world ' with cheap,
hurried, worthless imitations, striving
to beat competition with show and
cheap prices, sacrificing quality to
quantity much more than the .English
or the French do. "Schlecht und bll
Ug' (cheap and bad) is their password.
The English and the French have not
been wanting in their reproofs to the
Germans. : They are partly rlght and
partly, wrong. ' They are wrong, in that
the Germans have only done with the
more solid and better stuff of the Eng
lish and French wfiat , these .latter did
with the excellent, refined -old. hand in
dustries. They have given to -millions
the objects the English and French put
before hundreds of thousands. The
principle, . then, is the same, and the
French and English " are not right in
blaming the Germans for - purely, and
simply doing something they them
selves did50 years ago.
; But they are right when they say
that the Germans, in their hurry to de
velop ,' their : commerce and . industry,
seem rnot to recognize that jthere is, a.
limit, and if they continue to build "up
quantity at the expense' of quality, life
will lose 'every Joy, every color, nd al
most every taste; because! quallty--beauty
or worth is the salt and the
seasoning of life, that which cnanges
the taste of things, varies ithe aspect
of the univ.erse, creates and fulfills
new desires, delivers life, from satiety
and monotony. - What is civilization if
not the betterment of the worldT What
can we call an unceasingly growing
abundance of worthless things, if not
a gross and rich barbarism?!
Another, notable example Of this sin
gular Inclination of the German, mind
is given us in their army. j i
Military Berries a Citizenship Duty.
We know that in the eighteenth cen
tury the armies of Europe were constl
tuted for -the greater partj of profes
sional soldiers. Man of Arms Was then
a - prof esslon . like any other. ;The
French Revolution resolutely- brought
forward tho principle thatj atferward
Was taken, tip all over Europe,, and on
which we have learned to associate in
our childhood with the terjm "horse,"
and which, if we were to put our hand
on Jt, we should find to be soft and
warm and hairy and to have certain
powers and capacities for parrying us
and drawing burdens. 'Ifj tha horse
were half a mile or more away across
the fields, we should probably "have
difficulty, unless ranchers! or farm
ers, in telling whether it Was a hore
or a cow. So it goes with 411 familiar
objects. ?But when it comes to an un
familiar "object we are completely at
sea. Our first impulse is; to try to
get nearer to It, 60 that we can touch
and handle It. If we are very young
and impulisve we will probably taste
it and smell it and use all tour senses
to 'try and solve the problem of what
the thing may be before we give It
up. As we grow older, however we
Steadily accumulate conceit, and in
stead of saying frankly ;!w hen we en
counter something new or that we can
not positively recognize from our pre
vious experience that we don't - know
what it -vis, we make a guess at it,
call it something, and say I it is that.
Usually either the known thing it most
resembles or the thing we ; are", most
exec ting to see. ; '! .',3.;' , ;:
That is the way, for instance in
which We see ghosts. " We see a ghastly
wavering outline of white in the dark
ness of the lonely road; ; a grim
sheeted figure, standing at the foot of
our bed. We Jump to thei conclusion
that it is a human figure; It must be
a ghost, because this is the. way in
which ghosts appear. But j instead of
walking boldly up to It and oravely
corroborating our visual impressions
by our actual ones, which would. Inva
riably show us that it was either fa
streak of moonlight coming through
the trees or open blinds, a sheet; wav
ing in the wind, a garipentj which we
had hung up before we weiit to sleep
or some other Innocent - thing' of that
sort we shriek and pull the bedclothes
over. our heads or run madly down the
road as If the devil himself were after
us. !'.---(-
The only reason why ghosts are in
variably clad in white is that .white
is the easiest color to see In the dark.
If there was light enough .to see ahJ
recognize any of the other colors,
there would also be light enough to
MILITARY OBSERVERS OF GERMAN ADVANCES IN POLAND
i 'i
which today all the armies are founded
that the military duty must be con
sidered one of the duties of citizenship.
Conscription was the outcome. But all
the Other countries of Europe, France,
above all, up to 1870, had only applied
this principle with moderation,' only
compelling a certain part of the popula
tion to serve, and holding those In the
army for a rather long time. -
Te military policy of France until
1870 was to have a small army of men
who served for - a rather long time.
Germany, however, even during the
times of Napoleon, tried to apply the
opposite method: to reduce the term of
serving and to call under arms the
largest possible number of the inhab
itants. In 18 TO the German army al
ready had th three years' service, while
France had a five years services But
Germany was able to put 1,000,000 men
under, arms, while the French could
only muster up 750,000.
As Germany won, she seemed in the
eyes of the world to have been right,
so that in the next 44 years, thanks to
the authority given her by victory,
Germany has been able to apply this
principle to its extreme consequences
and oblige the other peoples Including
Fiance to follow her.
Germany Is the country that took the
Initiative in Europe to reduce the serv
ice to. two years,, to increase continual
ly its first line troops, to organize Its
reserves, from the youngest to the old
est, so that its, army became really a
nation in arms, and she can bring to
war not only the youngest and most
valid part of the, nation, as occurred in
1870, but all the men already or still
capable of carrying a, gun, from boys of
16 to men of 50.
' Big Armies Brine Long .Wars.
' And -so,, through this great passion
and this -worship of the' colossal that
inflames the Germans through this
unquenchable desire for numbers and
proportions always greater today the
most gigantic armies the : world has
ever seen are battling, and their ter
rible war develops slowly and bloodily
.into colossal tragedy. The very reason
the war drags out so is that modern
armies canot come quickly to a deel-.
sion, because they are too colossal!
Exaggerated beyond measure by the
Germans, the military principles given
us by the French Revolution are be
coming useless 'and not recognizable
show us that the ghost was some per
fectly harmless piece of drapery or
Carpentry. ' Theresa only one law that
can be laid down , about ghosts, and
that Is that they never are seen
when there is light enough to recog
nize any other color than white. The
utmost that any living human, being
ever saw of a- ghost was a whitish
streak in the darkness, and his imagi
nation did the rest burning eyes, hol
low tones, ringing of bells, clanking
of chains and all the classic picture.
I said that the only reason ghosts wear
white is that this is the only color
which can be Been when It is dark
enough to leave full play to the im
agination. But there is another rea
son: About ten years ago a group of
physicians and scientists became in
terested in a series of well authenti
cated ghostly appearances near a house
In one of the southern English coun
ties. It was a ghost which walked
about and answered In' hollow tones
when spoken to. This. was enough for
most of the lay observers to whom the
apparition appeared, and without wait
ing to investigate further they leveled
half the fences' In the surrounding
county in their mad rush to escape.
The group of investigators went Qui
etly down to the nearest village and
a.n hour after dark distrlbuated, them
selves through the lanes and roa3&ur
rounding : the - "haunted house." For
three "nights nothing was seen; but
on the fourth their vigilance was re
warded by the appearance and immedi
ate capture, of the "erhost," who
turned out to be an hysterical young
woman living in the house,- who had
the habit of walking and talking in
her sleep. . This set . them thinking,
and. they then made Inquiries all over
the center and south of England for
recent instances of past and present
ghosts, with the result that In seven
cases "out of ten they were able to
prove that the family Inhabiting the
house had an hysterical, excitable
young girl among Its ' members who
was known occasionally to walk in
her sleep.
"Beadles Horsemen" In. a Class by
Thsimselyes. .
Of course, the ghosts of murderers
who appear on the heath upon which
their gibbets stood, or of "headless
horsemen" who dash with shrieks of
' i ' Pbotosnoh coprrlrhted.
. army corps at Skiermier, Russian Poland. Major: Langhorn of the
row" to the left of the man in the fur coat. !
with modern civilization, whose need is
for. amies capable of rapidly settling
such questions as discussion .and rea
soning cannot dispose of. In a period
of civilization like ours, in which time
Is a treasure, war must be rapid. A
military system that compels Europe to
remain in a Condition like the present
Lfor a year surely, and perhaps for two.
suspending and disturbing everyt! lng,
does not respond to the; profound neces
sities of our time; even though it be a
question of settling tle gravest mat
ters. It does not espoind to our neces
sity because It is the exaggeration of a
good principle, "" j . --:T -f '
German. Thought a Far-Reaching-Xn-.
. finance, "i .y:. - -
I have only given two examples; but
even from these two' examples a con
clusion can be reached. ? .
German thought has for a century
had a -great influence in-the world; this
influence, like the influence or every
people at the time of their greatness, is
in part good and in part bad, but It
seems now to the interests of all -and
to Germany's as well as the others
that for a certain time Germany must
grow no more. . .
It "is to theK common interest of all
the people of Europer-i-and " perhaps to
those of America that Germany does
not come on again, exalted by a new,
noisy victory, to inflame the peoples
with, the passion of thei merely colossal,
the admiration of strength, the frenzy
for quantity, haste and eagerness to en
joy, pride of riches, vertigo of velocity,
modernity -pushed beyond reason!
The world needs to regain its equilib
rium and sense of correct measure, to
remember that riches, enjoyment, iron,
machines, power are not all; that It is
also necessary for men- to think a little
even of their souls, of ithe education of
the mind, of the duties that unite men
on with another, and jgeneration with
generation.
Think! We thought ourselves civ
ilized, human. Christians; and a few
months of war have sufficed to show
ns horrors that we believed had. forever
been done away with in. the history of
Europe! What does this breaking out
of the old violence show us if not that
man, all Intent ' on increasing' riches
and extending his proud dominion over
nature, has neglected himself and for
gotten that at the bottom of his nature
demoniac laughter through the lanes
where they revelled and plundered In
their lifetime, are in another class to
gether. Their existence depends almost
exclusively upon , thef testimony of
convivial gentlemen, aiming for home
in a state of considerable confusion,
most of them with an uneasy dread
of the welcome that may be awaiting
them when they arriye. The singu
lar preference always Ishown by well
conducted ghosts for the midnight hour
is due partly to the fact that this is
the very middle and deadliest center
of the "hours of darkness," during
which uneasy spirits ! are pronest to
roam abroad; but, chiefly, that some-,
where between 11:30 and l a. m. is
the hour at wlilch nine-tenths of all
the convivial gatherings around ale
house fires or in social clubs break
up. It will be recalled that the hour
at which the Immortal! Tarn o' Shanter
saw his hair rising visions was pre
cisely the "midnight mirk," and that
"Kings may be greats but Ham was
glorious. On the other hand, there
is not a single instance anywhere on
record in any age where anyone was
fortunate, or unfortunate, enough to
see a ghost and had the courage and
coolness to walk up to It and endeavor
to lay his hands on It, that it did not
Immediately "vanish into thin air"; In
.other words, prove to' be pure moon
shine or other light Illusion, or else
turn out to be some sheeted miscmer-
maker, some shirt or sheet left hang
ing out-to dry; ; a donkey or horse, or
white cow; a white chicken, or white
owl, or some other equally harmless
and commonplace object of nature.
It is also to be remembered that in
almost all the famous apparitions of
history for instance in the Immortal
Ghost of Hamlet's father when it ap-
p eared before the queen and In Ban
quo's ghost, which , "would not down"
before the horror-crazed eyes of Mac
beththe ghost appeared only to the
one person who was, so to speak, most
likely to "see him and was entirely in
visible to -all others who were pres
ent and wh? stared In amazement at
the excited words and: gestures of the
man who was ''seeing things." The
queen mother could see no trace of the
ghost, of the elder Hamlet wheq her
son addressed it In her chamber. And
the terrified Lady Macbeth made pite-
1913. by InternetlonU Newt Berrlce.
the force of evil was only sleeping, but
was not dead? , -
Colt Of Strength Must Be TJpset. '
Above all, it is necessary to unsettle
the cult of strength, that Germany
since her victory of 1870 has given
such vogue. This cult Is the principal
cause of the mad armament race of the
last 40 years; and of the terrible will
that has brought the torch to all Eu
rope. If after this, war the peofles of
Europe, do not intensely desire to see an
era; of concord and solidarity begin
among the nations; if they do not re
turn to. the generous ideals that hai
taken such root in the generation ot
1848 and that the following generations
despised as dreams; if they w 11 not
recognize 8,11 of them and even the
strongest of them the rights of other
peoples, even the weakest, to live and
to progress independently, according to
the traditions and the genius of their
race," then Europe 'will not be sble to
enjoy any ' long" and secure peace, but
will retrograde to barbarism.
A lasting peace cannot be based on
the equilibrium of strength, because
this equilibrium of strength is an hy
pothesls that can only be verified bv
war and that is what Is' now being
done. ' A lasting peace can -only be
made on the loyal and sincere lecugnl
tion of the Inalienable rignts of all the
peoples great and small to their in
dependence and liberty.
But how could the Religion of Might,
that denies this right, cause the deca
dence of Europe, if Germany were again
victorious, this time 'over half of Eu
rope? ...
I have sald.lt is for the interest of
all countries, Including Germany, that
German Influence must hot grow. The
affirmation is strange and paradoxical
In Its appearance.- What has been the
defect that has - ruined the German
character, once rich In :Vlrtues, In the
last 40 years? What is the defect that
has pushed Germany to let loose this
terrible war on a peace desiring , Eu
rope, and that still keeps, her from un
derstanding the gravity" of the crisis
into which she has thrown the world?
- One defect one only -has been swol
len pride!
The victories of 1866 and 180, the
rapid accumulation of wealth the pro
digious development of some of her In
dustries as the metallurgical industry,
the growth of the population the : ad
miration that all the other peoples pro
fessed for her science, her social order,
her industries, her army and navy, have
put her good sense to a severe test.
The German people have not been able
to . stand , so much fortune so mucip
success. They got to . believe them
selves masters of .all Europe the most
cultivated, the most moral, the most
FROM THE GRAVE
ous- appeal to her husband not to
"make such faces at. an empty stool,"
when no one else in th banquet hall
could see anything but Banquo's emp
ty chair at theboard. ' Macbeth alone
knew that Banquo had been -murdered
by his orders on the way to - tin
banquet, and in only Macbeth's Vision
rose his ghost. Another ringular
quality about ' ghosts of all sorts is
that they overdo the thing. They g-
beyond even the rules of the svlritlst
game. If the ghost of a departed friend
can make Itself Tvislble to "our f-ettses;
It must be through oar-'ability to see
his so-called spirit body. But the very
boldest of spiritists have never ven
tured to claim that clothing, weapons
and other inanimate objects also have a
spiritual body which may reappear.
Yet practically .every ghost of which
we have any clear and detailed dtscrlp
tlon appears not - merely as the ghost
of his face, body, his voice, but also
of the clothingyand his weapons or
tools. The horror-stricken exclamation
of Hamlet on seeing the ghost is:
"My father's -spirit In arms? All Is
not well" - . - '
In the; one clear, positive, detailed
account which ; I ever succeeded in
getting personally of the appearance
to a lady of -the spirit body of a deceased-
gentleman friend of hers, th
thing that stood out most prominently
was that her attention was first called
to the apparition by a dim, reddish
glow over in one corner of her room -in
the, darkest corner, of course., This,
as she concentrated her attention upo.i
it, turned out to .be the . lighted end
of her departed friend's cigar, and his
features gradually emerged into clear
ness behind it! While one might con
cede the possession of a spiritual body
to- the gentleman himself, it' would
rather strain credulity to concede such
a privileged possession , to & 10-cent
Havana. - Space forblds entering into
detail, but it would be sate to say
that-at least half,. If not two-thirds of
the -alleged apparitions of visible
ghosts and spirits and spiritual bodies
from another world have been based on
misinterpretations of simple white
effects In the lonesome dark, such as
we have 'described; while the other
third, on careful tracing, have been
found to be due. either to the delirium
of strong drink, of incipient fever or
the deliriums of approaching Insanity,
Wo Evidence of Spirit Comxnusicatlon.
It may be that some day a bridge
will be constructed with infinite pains
between our minds and those of our
loved ones who , have gone before, but
there - is not . a shade of ponderable
evidence, as yet that such a commu
nication has ; been established. Am
the dwellers in the other world certainly
have been roost unfortunate in their
self-appointed Intermediaries. The im
pressions derived from the. other' of
our senses concerned in occasional com
munications that of touch are of a
slightly different ami more intimate
character; As the old saying runs, "See
ing is believing, bur feeling Is the naked
truth, arid we are naturally disposed
to place greater confidence In the
messages brought to us by actual con
tact with the free handling of an! ob
ject than those from either sight or
hearing. But even these messages of
touch, intimate and convincing as they
are, are at bottom of the same purely
physical character as the messages
through our other senses. i -
When we say that we hold a. knife
In our hands, for Instance, all we mean
is that we feel certain vibrations in
the nerve endings in the sensitive
skin of our fingers "and palm, which
our eyes .have taught us to associate
with a certain shape and brightness,
our ears with a certain metallic sound,
when struck. We are merely conscious
of certain impressions of hardness, or
softness, or roundness of squareness,
sharpness or dullness, heat and
warmth," roughness and smoothness.
These perceptions we begin at a-yery
early day to build into pictures, so
to speak, which we connect with cer
tain things; and this is what.tho baby
is doing in Infancy, wben he Miserly
clutches at- every , object within j his
reach. Indeed, as we well know, al
though in one sense more convincing,
our sense of touch is really more of
ten and less definitely Informing than
any of our other senses. familiar
commonplace is the difficulty we have
active, valorous, laborious and strong
est of all peoples.
Having persuaded tnem selves or ail
this as fcappens to all over-proud peo
ple; they ended by believing them
selvea persecuted. The other peoples,
through envy, ignorance, or - jealousy,
did not give them their due. Germany
then had to watch out to defend that
first place which was hers rightfully,
and which inferior" peoples wanted to
contest with her. In this way the peo.
pie were brought around -'o war with
out really being aware of It.
Germany then must learn, and bs
really convinced, that in the world
there are certain peoples who, although
they do t)pt equal her In some things,
surpass her in others: ether peoples
who, although behind her in everything,
or almost everything, have, neverthe
less, the right to live and to work to
better themselves.
u What would happen if this pride, al
ready too great, were to ha inflamed
by new victories? '
V No! The times in which we live are
such that a great. universal empire rul
ing the other states of the continent by
force could not ;be tolerated a catas
trophe would occur. In antique times
the universal empire of Rome was able
to gather together many peoples under
one scepter, without causing civiliza
tion to perish, because in the an tin no
civilization pride, ambition, deceit and
all the Other paons that are so easily
inflamed were limited by traditions, re
ligion, artistic and philosophical cul
ture, -by the poverty and. ignorance in
which men still lived. An emperor or
a noble Roman always remain ?d rela
tively modest men, because from all
sides society told them not to piesum
too much on themselves.
It Is no longer thus. Today Ihe
world is rich, intelligentpowerful. To
day we criticise traditions, make und
remake countries, dispute Ills com
mandments with God, Her laws with
nature. Literature, philosophy, cus
tom, that which we call he spirit of
the itlmes, incite Instead of. l'mltlng
the pride, ambition and scheming o
men. So it is all the more necessar
that every people feels its power lim
ited by other people equally strong, in
telligent and wise. If one people be
came strong enough to rule the- others
in times so sensitive to exaggeration. It
would become the Nebuchadnezzar of
the nations, and would succumb to a
delirium of pride and power that would
make it commit ithe most dangerous
acts Of folly.
Now. our generation, although not
the Nebuchadnezzar of peoples, has Hi
ready committed an extraordinary f ol-1
ly:, The universal war.- It seems to me
that is enough. The world needs to get
its sense of proportion, back a little, ,
SPIRITS CAN
NOT IMPRESS
THE LIVING
Human Senses. Arc Not Con
H strcted so as to Grasp Im
pressions That May Be Set
; Abroad in Spirit World;
Hence They Go Astray,
in distinguishing 'one coin from an
other of sboot the same size, tn our
pockets, without bringing them out
to where we can Judge them by. the
sense of sight.
i Though there are still things to be
learned about the human body; there
Is practically "no longer any dark cor
ner In which the soul tan hide itslf,
or where may be concealed tome wire
less plant or X-ray apparatus by 'which
the gulf between this world tnd-the
next can be spanned. Every shred of-
knowledge which we possess hau come
to as through 'the evidence cf our
five senses. . Mechanical vibrations of
the ether, called light, mechanital vi
brations of the air, railed sound, pres-
sure vibrations of Our tactile end or
gans, called touch, chemical reactions
upon our nerves of smell, everything'
that we know and Imagine, is mad
up of combinations and memories of
these four sets of vibrations. When
the human body becomes so equipped -that
it can receive Impressions through
other media than those of Its senses,
or when the spirit body becomes
equipped with some sort of vibrator
or reeonator which is capable of act
ivating our present receiving median,
isms, then messages may be received
from the dead, and answers returned,
but Tipt till then.
r-.."'Not Needed. ' - .-.' t
- From the New York Times.
Two college students were arraigned
before the magistrate charged with
hurdling the low spots in the road in
their motor car.
"Have you . a lawyer?" asked the
magistrate. '
"We're not going to have any law
yer.' answered the elder oft-the stu
dents. . "We've decided to - tell the
truth." '
Lime Treatment
in Tuberculosis
Xn the May 23, 1913, issue of the
Journal of the American Medical As.
soolatlon . appeared this . statement
concerning calcium (lithe) i medication
in the treatment of pulmonary tuber
culosis (consumption) i
"Vnder the systematic, continued
and persistent rsgltne of calcium as
similation. Van CHason has seen a
number of sis- patients Improve, un
dargo an exudation or partial con
rolldatlcn in the lung,,, which then re
solving would appear to contribute to
the walling off and closing of the
lesions. Band is hand with this
course of events, the sputum clears
up of tubercle bacilli, which finally
disappear, and the patients are dis
charged with healsd pulmonary tu
berculosis." Kthlcal - medical Journals seldom
speak so positively about-a remedial
agent, yet this testimonv coincided
with that from many consumptl v
wnw nave s!curei line results throogh
the use' of Hckman's Alterative.
Since calcium is a ronntltuent of
this remedy for pulmonary tuberculosis-and
allied throat and bronchial
affections, its' healing power may In
some : measure be attributed to the
manner in which this element is no
combined with other ingredients as
to be easily assimilated by the aver,
age person and it does not irritate the
stomach. -
Kckman's Alterative contains no
opiates, narcotics or habit-formliv-drug.
so it is safe to try. If your
druggist Is out of It, ask him to or
der, or send direct to
rckman Laboratory. Philadelphia.
,:.-. - .: -i ' ' tAd
I