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THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND. WEDNESDAY . EVENING. FEBRUARY 10, 1915.
TU C l I I O M A l
I I 1 1 - JUUrMNnL
Alt IKDPBXDEJIT NEWSPAPER
C JACKSON...
.Publisher
Published every evento eeept Snnday) sad
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T..I.EKHONKS Main T1T3; Home A-S031. All
- department reached ly these on rubers. TeU
tba ppra tor what :prtmnt yon want.
OKK1UN ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE
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DAILY AND BDNDAV
; On fH $7.50 I Oca month t -68
ir la happy whose circum
stances suit his temper; but
h i more excellent who can
suit his temper to any cir
cumstances, Hume.
s?
WHY CONSIDER IT?
VWTIIY farm out the adminis-
i A traton ' tne compensation
yy fund to the casualty ' com
panies, as is proposed by
the Bingham bill? Would that be
sound public policy?
If so, why not turn over to the
casualty companies the administra
tion of the widows' pension fund?
', If .the casualty companies are es
: pedal ly gifted "in administering
public affairs, why not have them
take charge of taxation and regu
lation of public service utilities?
If they should, as. the Bingham
bill claims, be chief administrators
of ; compensation funds, why not
have them preside over the elee
mosynary institutions and the state
prison?
. Or, why not widen the scope of
-, their activities, and have them
" Civil war and other veterans? Why
limit the public powers, of the
- casualty companies to mere distri--butlon
of the funds that compen
sate workers for broken bones and
uiaugico. Doaies in muusiriai acci
dents? j
.'- v a-t i a -.
- i j . i .
penousiy speaiting, wny oo ine
casualty companies want to ad
minister the compensation funds?
r Does anybody think they want to
do ft for their health? Or as
: great benefactors of the human
race? Or out of an affectionate
.devotion to the workers?
r- Most certainly not. What they
' want Is a part of the compensation
-fund. Under the present system.
there 1. no division of the com
: pensation fund contributed by em
ployers and employes. The state
administers if free of charge, and
- the injured workmen get every
thing. Why change the system to
AMU ( Writ Skit A n.. n 1 A. AA
panies would get a part?
j'tVhy consider the Bingham bill?
Especially why consider it, when
ft cannot pass the house?
OCEAN FREIGHT RATES
s
iDUTH AMERICA is seeking an
opportunity to extend her
trade with the United States.
But one of the serious handi-
: caps is excessive ocean freight
rates. Reporting from Callao, Peru,
Consul General Handley says:
' Responsibility for high freight rates
; between the United States and Peru
about $20 per ton at thfe present
v timo belongs to the foreign merchant
hlppinr lines that control practically
U th trade between Peru and the
... United States ports, as -steamers fly
In K the American flag: are rarely, seen
on .. Ihe , coast. Moreover, important
Peruvian and Chilean steamship cotn
pcnieB are partly responsible for
these high rates, being the carriers of
large quantities of American freight
transshipped at Panama for Callao
and other west "coast ports.
' PrantHon Wllonn'a nlon (a
store commerce by putting govern
ment owned ships in competition
with the foreign craft. It is a plan
tHat appeals to the people who pay
Itho freight.
SCHOOL SAVINGS BANKS
A BULLETIN Issued by the
United States bureau of edu-
cation traces the development
of school savings banks.
- ' Statistics for 1912, made a part
Of the report of the deputy comp
troller of currency to Congress,
showed savings collections by 167,
629 pupils, with deposits since the
establishment of the system
amounting to $3,482,162.66. These
figures did not include receipts of
the New York penny provident
fund,, which in 1910 amounted to
$1,527,334, belonging almost en
tirely, to children.
-'While the bulletin does not claim
that Its statistics include all schools
In the United States where savings
banks are maintained, the report
. for the year ending June 30, 1913,
Shows a substantial increaEe both
-In number of depositors and
amount on deposit.
Reports from thirty-one states
and the District. of Columbia show
that at the end of the 1913 school
year pupils had deposited $4,258,
.068 6ince the savings banks were
established, and $1,256,335 was
on deposit at the time the infor
mation' was gathered. Of 1,839,
174; pupils on, the school registers,
216,806- were or had been de
positors.: ; The bulletin declares that whe"n
every boy and girl' la the country
has a bank account of $100 to
$400 .at "the time of graduation
from the elementary school course
-an achievement said-to be pos-
-it
fcible In any community where courage settlement,
school savings banks are in opera-J The outlook for extension of ir
tion the future will be far more I rigation and the opening of desert
secure. c Such a fund would.make lands to production in Oregon was
It possible for ; the boy or girl io j never lees' encouraging. Part of It.
encage In a small
business, go on J
l wth higher study or do whatever
niosVappeals to the individual.
It may be that the bulletin over
states the possibilities of many
PPIlS, DUt tOO fact ,18 that boys
anQ g'r'8 should be taught how to
s can be made a national virtue.
! nntl ho l niou r-i-
, j wwv-x, - -
teaching it than in the schools.
THE SECTARIAN SQUABBLE
I
T IS regrettable that sectarian
questions crept into the house
discussion at Salem yesterday,
No good can come out of
sectarian controversies. They are
always distressing and never de
cisive. They fan feuds Into flame
and produce a social sectionalism.
If there is one thing more than
another for which this country
stands it is freedom of worship. It
was because of issues of religious
faith that the earlier settlers
quitted Europe and came to Amer
ica. They came here to secure lib
erty of, conscience. It was out of
that original stock with its set con
victions as to freedom in religious
views, that this nation came into
life. There is no special route to
heaven. It is not a question of the
church brand as to which will get
there. it is the matter of how
well a believer squares his conduct
with hia conscience that has more
to do with ultimate salvation than
has the sign over the church door.
The legislation of the state has
nothing to do with sectarianism
No questions as ' to creed or color
should be asked in law making
Battles over religious faith belong
to the era of four centuries ago.
COl' NT ZEPPELIN
T
H K human side of Count Ferdi
nand von Zeppelin is revealed
in the von Wiegand inter
view printed in The Journal
'yesterday.
He flirted with some beautiful
American girls who were as anxi-
j ous to get acquainted with him as
j he was with them. They broke the
j formality of introduction by flip-
pins apple seeds at him. Then
they had a jolly talk.
This all happened at Niagara
Falls, the scene of many a romance,
national and international.
Then there is the picture of the
immortal Lincoln, tall and gaunt,
and young Seward, who sat on a
table, his legs dangling in the air.
Then there is the adventure of
swimming the Niagara river below
the American falls to get a view
of the full circle of the rainbow
mist.
It was in America that the count
made his first balloon ascension at
St. Paul, and it was here that he
first conceived the idea of his
dirigible balloon.
Some day the count hopes to re
turn to America in one of hia
cruisers of the air. It will be one
of the mosj: inspiring moments of
his life when he can pilot, a per
fected air craft across the Atlantic.
It is not a vain hope viewed iu
the light of human progress.
If the count should succeed, may
he be able to find that many of
his friends have cared to live as
long as iie has and that among
them aife the beautiful girls who
flipped the apple seeds.
VOTING BY' MAIL
G
DVERN'OR WILLIS of Ohio
has recommended the enact
ment of a law permitting vot
ing by mail. The bill is in
the Interest of the commercial trav
eler, college student and others un
able to be at their legal homes on
election day.
According to the bill a voter
who expects to be absent from
home on any primary or election
day may apply to the presiding
judge or clerk of the election board
25 days before the election end
ask for an absent voter's ballot.
After proving that he is a legal
voter he is to be given a ballot
and ari identification envelope ad
dressed to the board of elections in
his home county.
On election day he is to present
himself at any voting precinct in
the state and prepare h'.s ballot
under the scrutiny of one of the
election judges. He is then given
a receipt for his ballot which is
enclosed in his identification en
velope and mailed to the voter's
home county.
IN OREGON
A
T Salem; the proposed loan by
the state in aid of irrigation
In eastern Oregon has been
voted down.
At Washington, the proposal to
appropriate $450,000 of reclama
tion funds for Oregon is not in
cluded" in appropriation bills, and
the reason assigned is that no proj
ect has been named. Ii is 6aid that
Director Davis of the reclamation
fund will seek to have the omis
sion corrected by the naming of a
project ,and' the inclusion of the
item in the senate. As it will be
impossible to find a project that
can be financed for 3450,000, the
plan is likely to have a doubtful
outcome.
The difficulties which have beset
the Carey act projects, many of
which have failed utterly, lead to
hope of little progress In reclam
ation of waste places through that
plan. In fact, any Irrigation sys
tem in which the promoter must
take a large profit out of his work,
Increases the price of the land to
an unduo "extent, and tends to dls-
of course, Jsdue to the action of
the legislature, and in this connec-! suggestion will not be acted upon,
tion It Is interesting to note that but the fact that It Is made Is evi
many eastern Oregon members, as j dence of an active Interest in the
well as all but four members of
the Multnomah delegation In the
house voted against the proposed
loan of $450,000 to match the
$450,000 which would have come
to the state if the legislature had
acted favorably.
If the legislature had approved
the state loan, it would have cost be better known and more appreci
the taxpayer who pays taxes on ated In the states. The new gov
$1000, only 45 cents. In due time, ! ernment railroad, will be a con
this 45 cents would have been re-' tributing factor in this, for when
turned with Interest throughout the
period for which it was loaned.
These facts are cited, not in
criticism, but as a candid discus
sion of the situation. Oregon has
the power to add enormously to
its productive area and taxable
property through irrigation. It
can bring under agricultural in
dustry acres upon acres that are
now waste. It can make its coun
try life more nearly balance its
overcrowded city life.
It can, through road building
and irrigation, bring its potential
forces into greatly stimulated play
and contribute handsomely to the I
efficiency, happiness and welfare
of the people and the greatness of
the commonwealth.
AT SALEM
T
IME may prove that the defeat
of the resolution in the Sen
ate of the proposal to give the
governor power to remove dis
trict attorneys and sheriffs for
non-enforcement of law, will be
the undoing of prohibition enforce
ment. Are the lawyers of the legisla
ture convinced that the legislative
body can disturb a district attor
ney in the functions with which the
constitution clothes him? Has the
legislature power to grant the gov
ernor or attorney general authori
ty to supersede a district attorney
in the discharge of duties put upon
him by the constitution?
As originally drawn the prohi
bition law carried a provision em
powering the goverjiox to remove
derelict si eriffs and district attor
neys. The Antl-saioon league,
however, after consultation with a
number of lawyers determinjd that
this provision was unconstitutional
under Section 6 of Article 7, which
provides:
Public officers shall not be im
peached; but incompetency, corruption,
malfeasance or delinquency in Office
may be tried in th same manner as
criminal offenses, and Judgment may
be given of dismissal from office,
and such further punishment as may
have been prescribed by law.
And so the provision was with
drawn. In lieu thereof the house
committee inserted a provision that
special assistants to the several dis- j
trict attorneys might be sent in
cases where deemed necessary by !
the attorney general.
There is grave doubt of the con
stitutionality of this provision. Sec
tion 17 of article 7 of the consti
tution provides:
There shall be elected by districts
comprised of one or more counties,
sufficient number of prosecuting
attorneys, who shall be the law of
ficers .of the state, and of the coun
ties within their respective districts.
and shall perform such duties per
taining to the administration of law
and general police as the legislative
assembly may direct.
The effect of the house amend
ment to the law is pro tanto to
make the special assistants dele
gated, by the attorney general, the
aw officers of the state, and to
that extent it will probably be held
that the bill works fin illegal
usurpation of the constitutional
functions pf the district attorneys.
The section of the constitution
cited, it will be noted, provides
that the district attorney shall per
form such duties as shall be dele
gated to him by law.
What is attempted In the pro
posed legislation at Salem is not
to delegate duties to him but to
deprive him, to a certain extent, of
his proper and usual functions as
the constitutional law officer of
the state.
.Aside from the legal question
the house committee amendment
fails of what is desired by making
no provision for replacement of
sheriffs. Non-enforcement of tlje
law may bo expected to be more
frequent among these officers than
among district attorneys.
COME, MY SPRING
HERE is that nndefinable life
giving caress In the air that
heralds the approach of
Spring. Overcoats are grow
ing heavy and suop windows are
taking on a brighter hue. In the
words of Rabindranath Tagore:
The southern gate is unbarred. Coma,
my spring, come! -Thou
wilt swing at the swing of my
heart, come, my spring, come!
Come in the lisping leaves, in the
youthful Surrender of flowers;
Come In the flute songs and the
wistful sighs of the woodlands.
Let your unfastened robe wildly flap
in the drunken, wind.
Come, my spring, come.
ALASKA IN 1017
N EXPOSITION in Alaska In
A
1917 has been suggested by
eastern newspapers. They
say expositions are a habit
with us. Sometimes they are sig
nificant and sometimes they are
not. But In 1917 there will be an
opportunity to hold an exposition
that would be of great interest
and benefit to the American people.
In 1867 the United States bought
Alaska from Russia for $7,500,000
In gold. It was a genuine Yankee
bargain, for the territory has pro
duced $300,000,000 in mineral
wealth- alone, and its agricultural
possibilities are just being under
stood,
It may he - that the" exposition
i nation's territory of great potential
j wealth. The United States is
awakening to the fact that in Alas-
ka it has opportunities for growth
. and development not exceeded any-
where. - i
j Whether or not such an exposi
tion is held, Alaska in 1917 will
Alaska has transportation facili
ties her "resources will begin flow
ing southward in a continuous
stream.
WAR'S DAMAGE TO INVENTION
By CHARLES P. STEINMETZ
Consulting Engineer, General Electric
Company.
THERE is likely to be one Ameri
can development for which,
Americans will have to thank
the European war. Very few of us
really believed in the possibility of
such a war until It was a reality, and
! with the usual American confidence
in our ability to
e x t r 1 cate our
selves from trou
ble of our own
making, we had
failed to guard
our supply and
".TV ,
'f I' had bought ma
terials for our
manufactu res
wherever It was
most convenient,
here or abroad.
When the war
Chas. P. Steinmets.
broke
out we found ourselves not
only with insufficient shipping facili
ties to carcy our products to the
markets of the world, but we were
confronted by a complete stoppage of
supply of many necessities of our
industrial production. Thus, anxious
days followed. Lists of all imported
materials were made up. All pos
sible domestic substitutes were
Sought, and where no domestic sub
stitute was found inventive skill be
came active to produce the missing
material, to develop a substitute or
to change the manufacturing process
Or product. In this way the war is
exerting a powerful stimulating ef-
icti un jnveniion.
The danger has, to some extent been
relieved, and means lave been de
vised to get some supplies from the
blockaded nations of Europe; but
while it was acute it was so forcibly
impressed upon the Industries of
America that a return to the former
easy-going conditions is Improbable,
and even when the routes of com
merce are open again we shall never
allow ourselves to become so depen
dent on European supply.
On the other hand, the large Im
portations from America to the block
aded nations of Europe have now
practically stopped, and if we do
not quickly succeed in restoring them
we may find at the end of the war
that these materials are not needed
any more and this export trade 'per
manently lost. Thus, sometimes to
our advantage, sometimes to our dis
advantage, the war Is exerting a pow
erful stimulating effect on Invention
and Industrial development.
In other directions, however, it Is
decidedly harmful. When the lay
man sees sucn an acmevement as
the steam turbine, which now drives
the Transatlantic liner or the super-
dreadnought, lights our cities and
propels .their rapid transit and sur
face raikroads by electric power, or
as the mazda lamp, which gives from
three to six times as much light for
the same cost as Edison's best car
bon filament incandescent lamp, he
asks, "Who is the inventor?" But
these are developments, each compris
ing the combined result of many in
ventiona of numerous Inventors, and
very commonly the cooperative work
of several nations, and it ia from this
that there results one of the serious
damages which the present, war will
do to industrial progress by raising
barriers , of hatred between nations
and so interfering with their coopera
tion. In the development of the
steam turbine, for instance, America,
England and Germany have con
tributed. The history of the incan
descent lamp, culminating in the
present mazda lamp, is the history
of Inventive cooperation between
America and Germany.
The incandescent lamp was the
creation of Edison and his collabora
tors, and it was a most wonderful
lnvehtion. It left its inventor's hands
so perfect that for twenty years ail
the inventors of all the nations were
"unable to make any radical Improve
ment' on it. Then there came In
succession the Nernst lamp, the Os
mium lamp, the Tantalum lamp, and
ifinally in the Tungsten lamp.lind Its
most perfect form, the "mazda lamp,"
; America again took its leading place.
Simultaneously at first independent
ly, then in close cooperation this
lamp was developed by the fhventora
of both nations, until finally American
engineers succeeded in producing from
the brittle metal tungsten a wire more
than twice as strong as the strongest
steel and so fine that a dozen of them
twisted together are less in thickness
than a human hair. No single man,
: no million-dollar corporation could
ihave accomplished this development.
.for many hundred thousands ot dol
lars had to be spent before there
were any financial returns. The prob
lems which bad to be solved are
diflcult , to appreciate by the lay
man who only sees the finished prod
uct. Even such an apparently simple
thing as the support of the-' glowing
filament is . a - formidable ' problem,
when 'Considering" that the - mazda
lamp , filament is terribly hot so hot
that -the highest temperature of the
iron smelting blast furnace Is colder
than the Arctic winter ia - compari
son. Thus only in America and in Ger
many, the two countries where the
electrical industry has ibeenr consoli
dated in a few giant electric com
panies, is electrical progress now pos
sible; and as the result, wherever
you look at great electrical under
takings, ' whether the subways of Lon
don or power transmission in Japan
....,':
" "l"
distribution in South Africa or in
T . ,. . itnr
India, you always find them either
"made in
Germany."
America" or "made in
As Internationa! cooperation has
contributed to a large extent to the
rapid industrial progress and inter
national relations are seriously inter
rupted by the war, industrial ad
vance and invention will suffer by it.
It behooves us as neutrals, who have
no quarrel with : either side, to be
specially careful not to increase the
damage by any partisan attitude.
Copyright. 1915.
Letters From the People
(Communications rent to Tbe Journal for
publication In tnla department snould be writ,
ten on only one side of tbe paper, should not
exceed 300 - words in length pod must be ac
companied by the name ana address of tbe
sender. If the writer does not desire to
tute the name published, be should so state.)
"Discussion la the greatest of all reformers.
It rationalizes everything It touches. It robs
principles of all false nanctlty and throws them
back on their reasonableness. If they have
no reasonableness, it ru&iewly crushes them
out of existence and eta up Its own conclusion
in their stead." Woodrov,' Wilson.
Welcomes the Jitney.
Portland, Or., Feb. 4. To the Edi
tor of The Journal I note in your pa
per many articles on the jitney ques-
tion, some for and some against, and
I have never yet read an article that
could convince vie that the jitney was ;
not the proper way to ride. I ride in j
a. junej uccnuse x preier iu Hit un a
leather cushion rather than hang to a
strap or sit on an old straw board;
to ride in rubber tired automobiles,
rather than on steel wheels ana rails,
and to make my trip to the city in
10 mintues, where it formerly took me
30 minutes in an old, bumpy, noisy
streetcar.
The streetcar was all right in its
day. So was the old-fashioned horse-
car. But the jitney is an improvement
on both, and as this is an age of im
provement, the Jitney dee,erves to be
utilized and given the consideration
that the stfeeetcar was given, when it
first came into existence.
Some say that patronizing the Jit
ney will be the means of many street
car men being thrown out of work. Let
thepe men secure positions driving Jit
neys and keep, up with progress by
working for a progressive company. If
they can't secure these positions others
will; so what may seem to be throw
ing some men out of employment is
only giving it to others, and we can't
for the sake of charity put ourselves
through the' torture of riding on a
streetcar. And tfien again, we want
our money's worth, and the jitney gives
it to us.
Competition with the streetcar com
pany will give this company to under
stand that, although they have had
things their own way in this city for
the past quarter of a century, now
they have got to meet the demands of
the people with better service, and
standing room at least in their cars.
It will also teach some of their snippy
employes to be more accommodating,
and treat the patrons with "more re
spect than, has been the custom In the
past. Thanks to the jitney.
R. S. CLANCT.
Reply by Mr. Sheasgreen
To the Editor of
Portland, Feb
The Journal For the information of
Robert E. Barrett, I wish to inform
him that the Portland Railway. Light
& Power Co. is a responsible public
service corporation and liable under
the state and city laws for all legal
claims that may be proved against it.
It is also required under its franchise
from the city to render reasonable
service to the public. - If Mr. Barrett
knows wherein they have failed to do
so, he should present the facts to tiie
proper city authorities and oblige them
to render this service or forfeit their
franchise. I would, however, say that
I do not think it would, be reasonable
to require them to operate cars in a
district where a pack mule would ren
der more suitable service.
Two electric companies have not de
duced the cost of light or power to
consumers. The cost and Quality of
gas is largely controlled by law. Two
telephone companies means eimply a
double tsjf on all business houses,
without additional benefits to the pub
lic. The service is not so good as if
there were but one, as we all cannot
afford to pay for two phones.
In some cases only is "competition
the life of trade." . In many cases it is
the ruination of trade. ; There is no
such thing as "one's dwn business."
A great newspaper" could not exist
without the support of a large number
of people, and these people could not
obtain the desired information with
out the well organized newspaper; and
so on down the line, ils all branches
of business. The jitney bus people
have no responsible organization, and
I still contend that there is not suffi
cient business in this city, at this time.
to maintain two successful street
transportation companies.
F. P. SHEASGREEN.
Oregon Tax Penalties.
Vancouver Wash., Feb. 4. To the
Editor of The Journal Can the
tax collectors of Multnomah county
inl! nonnltr r.n the last half of
taxes if the first hair was paid before
March 15 and the other half paid in :
August? I know at that time the
question hsd been taken into - the
courts, but I have never heard how it
came out. A SUBSCRIBER.
IThe final decision upheld the letter
of the law. One per cent a month, on
the "last hair- or. on all if not paid on
or before March - 31 (not March 15)
is collectible, and; there is no allow
ance for fractions of months. On what
ever is not paid hy September 1 there
is incurred a penalty of 10 per cent j
flat, and in addition interest at the '
rate of 12 per cent per annum. These
payments supercede the one per cent
per month due between, April 1 and
September 1.1
: f-
Deplores Modern Leniency.
Portland, Feb. To the Editor of
The Journal The city is reaping the
crop of 1916, so far as criminals ars
concerned. Spare the rod and spoil the
child. From the youth to the hard
ened criminal, the corrections have
become so m.ild and apologetic, that
very many of the wayward no longer
dread tbe outcome. With .the father
at work, six or seven days each week,
and Very oftenithe mother -away, the
lad often develops a proneneea to evil.
as per the Bible; as ttiaay ; a vacant
bouse ana ctner a amazed property will
show. Sympathizers, xubUa and pri
vate, connected; : with unwarranted
PERTINENT COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF
SMALL CHANGE
Be good and you'll b happy maybe.
Gossip is a deadly gas that is often
fatal to friendships.
, Fish are wise. They begin busi
ness on a small scale.
.,f. man's wisdom. isn't as interesting
i as a woman s Intuition. ..
I Ir tne world doesn't understand a
man u cal,a hJm cranc
One rarely sees an old man who is
afflicted with self conceit.
A man Isn't necessarily stingy be
cause he keeps his promises.
Any girl who thinks as much of a
man as she does of herself will do to
tie to. - .
Even fter a man sees where he
made a mistake he keeps right on
making more.
After a girl gives her hand in marr
riage she may discover later that she
put her foot in it.
a
Most people would rather blame a
man for what he doesn't do than give
him credit for what he does.
Ah ideal wife is one who will not
believe anything bad on her husband
even when she knows it is true.
A woman may not accept a proposal
of marriage, but she always admires
the good judgment of the man who
made it.
The world is a large place, and
somewhere in it there may be a couple
that agree on how much the wife
should spend. .
There are lots of queer people in
the world. Sometimes you even see a
woman who doesn't think there is an
overcharge in the gas bill.
Ida Tarbell says that justice is com
ing to the common man. Let us hopo
An. Th nnA whn hnj been mnnonoliz-
' ing it for years is the uncommon man.
WHEAT INSTEAD OF STOCKS
By John M. Oskison
Since the reopening of the exchanges
trading in stocks has been described
i as "dull" and "light." Meaning that
the speculators have not been active
for fear of getting into a tight corner.
They have feared to run up prices lest
European holders unload, and they are
skeptical of the investment demand
in America.
So a great many traders have turned
itheir attention to wheat. They have
become expert students of crops of
plantings, of condition, of stored sur
plus. They show the same intense in
terest now in cables from the Russian
steppes and the Argentine plains as
they used to have in the ruling of the
Interstate commerce commission, the
"London opening," or the unfilled or
ders on the books of the Steel corpora-
tlCWhat will wheat sell for in May or
July or September? That is the es
sence of the wheat speculator's con
cern. Trading In futures Is the phrase
to describe the speculator's activity.
To what extent is speculating on the
future price of wheAMegitimate?
read some comment the other day from
the editor of the Northwestern Miller
that was Illuminating to me; perhaps
leniency, have tendency to make
heroes of the yoythful evil doers. The
hardened criminals, I find, often re
gard good beds and better living than
they had outside, as a kind ,of picnic,
and very often return to prison many
times. From the pedagogue to the ar
resting officer, who-risas his life, tne
practice has a bad influence.
While the criminal is the exception,
criminals are far too numerous. Like
' public Indebtedness, the census ; shows
that the criminals a-i c ---and
away ahead of the population. The
parole is proving to be rather poor
protection to a long ""n puW'c.
A good healthy curfew, well lnforced.
would help some. Let us be generous
and be Just, but Wt usot slop oven
A Sportsman's Views.
McMinnville, Or.. Feb. 9. To the
Editor of The Journal For. number
of the biUs before the legislature to
make changes in the game laws of the
state I see no direct reason. I believe
the recommendations made by the
State Sportsmen's association to allow
the killincr of two female China pneas-
ants in each bag limit of five, open tbe
season September 1 for deer and cut
down the bag limit on ducks, is the
proper thing. Otherwise the laws are
good enough. For such a hard fight
over the changes in the present game
laws thero must be other reasons un
known to the common sportsman. I
believe the salaries of these offices are
so attractive that seekers of them
have lost sight of the good intent of
the law. I believe the enormous sum
collected in licenses has been careless-
ry handled, and that the game of Ore
gon has noV been properly protected,
considering what it has cpst the sports
men. But I do believe the money spent
in state fish hatcheries has been well
spent. It is proving itself, for there
has been an enormous run of salmon
in all localities in which, they have
been operated.
I want to see the money collected
for licenses placed in a fund by itself,
so it will be accessible for the purpose
for which it is intended. 1 believe no
one has a better right to have a say
what is done with this money than the
persons that pay it in; that is, the
"" i" "- .":
uums auu italics .
own place, for he don't take out a
license, but we are willing to let them
have as much to say as we have as
long as this money is used for what it
was intended for. I have no objections
to placing this money in the general
fund if the state treasurer will keep
a separate account of it, so all of it
can be used for fish and game; nor do
I object to abolishing the present com
mission, believing it has had too many
disagreements to be profitable to the
sportsmen,
There seems to be friction over
Dlmick's senate bill No. (3, to prohibit
the feeding of lakes for the purpose
of attracting ducks. I believe such a
law would be the worst thing that
could happen' to the sportsmen of
central Oregon, as there would be noth
ing left to attract the ducks here. One
reason Jthere are not more ducks here
is that" the feeding grounds have been
destroyed -and the lakes where there
used to be hundreds of ducks have
been drained and cultivated. -.- If -the
bill passes the rest of the lakes will
go the same way, and the ducks that
are batched and raised on fed' and
protected lake- will not be. here to help
decoy the ducks down on their north
ern and southern flights over the state.
I i believe ths ; way to regulate - this
matter is to cut the bag limit down to
10. That will put a curb on the whole-
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Pupils of the high school at John
Day, presenting a play in a tour of
nearby towns, have cleared-$153. ,
i L-
Coquille Sentinel: To a webfooter
here m western Oregon,' it ems -a
little odd to read of the great rejoic
ing in Umatilla county over a rainfall
of half an Inch. - j
1
"With one real estate sale of
$100,000 and one of $500,000. both of
which are the largest made in the
state in over a year, Stanfield," says
the Standard, "can hardly be called
dead, or even asleep. We're about the
livest big little city extant." '
Note full of optimism in the Bakier
Democrat: "One of Baker's leading
retail grocery houses .reports fzovo
more business done in January than in
the corresponding month' of the pre
vious year. Certainly a good showing
and an argument that times are not
so bad after all." - ' 1
The Fossil Journal reports on the
horse market in Wheeler county as fol
lows: "Since there is not only : a
strong foreign demand for horses, but
also an increased -demand in our home
markets, due to greater activity on the
farms, the outfook is extremely favor
able, not only for good prices but also
for a brisk demand." -Sr j
' 1
Proud boast of The Dalles Chronicle:
"Four days without an arrest is I a
record established in this city since last
Thursday, and The Dalles is certainly
becoming an exemplary town. Not
tven a drunk was found who was so
obstreperous that it was necessary to
make him a guest of the city during
the four days. The police court is a
deserted place." I
" -i
Bandon Recorder:- Fred L. Wilson,
a mining engineer and expert of Los
Angeles, who has been spending some
time in this section investigating the
coal deposits and possibilities, states
that it far exceeds his anticipation.
He promises that the development wf
coal minwig here to what it will Be
will revolutionize things in Coos coun
ty and develop many new industries.
t
It may help te explain why there is
any speculation In wheat. j
"A man who buys up wheat futures
on the chance of a rise in the mar
ket, aiming then to unload at ; a
big profit. . because his pur
chases may give him the power to
force prices up arbitrarily, is a public
menace.
"On the other hand, the miller who
fails to protect himself by hedging
his sales (of flour) in wheat futures
is. In the long run, almost equally as
dangerous.- Hia credit is seriously Im
paired as soon as it is learned that
relying on a drop In the spot whet
market which may not take place, he is
not protecting himself. . If he cannot
buy actual Theat he must buy futures
(contracts for delivery of actual wheat
at specified times) or run a risk peril
ous alike to himself and to his cus
tomers. "Trading' In futures has made : it
possible for the miller to do business
on a much smaller margin than' when,
for his own -safety, he had to buy and
store great quantities of wheat to pro
vide for future contingencies. He can,
to some extent, forestall the future,
and give his customers the benefit of
lower prices thereby."
But there's nothing to Justify mere
speculating in wheat.
A FEW SMILES
"Ah!" slrhed the boarder who was
given to raphsodles
as they sat down to
the Christmas din
ner. "If we could
only have one of
those turkeys that
we used to raise on
the farm when I was
a boyr
"Oh. well," said the pessimistic
boarder, "perhaps it is one. You never
can tell." . ; ,
The woman Jury was out longer
than the importance of the case
would warrant.
The judge was Im
patient. "What's the trou
ble In there?" he said
to the bailiff.
"I'll see," replied
the bailiff.
"Hold on!" cried
the iudee. "Tell '.em
if there's any knotty points about the
case that bother them they should ap
peal to me."
"Yes, your honor."
The bailiff went to the door of the
Jury room and returned.
"Well?"
"They ain't got ' to the case yet.
your honor; they re still discussln' tn
plaintiffs clothes."
A famous woman novelist was once
asked why she had not married.
I have three
things about the
house," she said,
"which represent "so
closely the charac
teristics of the aver
age man that I don't
want any mors of
hint."
"What do you mean?" wss asked.
"Well," the novelist replied, "I've
got a dog that growls ill the morn
ing, a parrot that swears all the aft
ernoon, and a cat that stay out all
night."
sals feeding of lakes on, the lower
Columbia river. That seems to be the
main fight.
- I think our legislature. Instead -of
wasting time over such petty matters
as this, had better seek to Induce the
United States government to. prohibit
tbe wholesale" slaughter of ducks tn
Alaska, on their nesting and breeding
grounds, and the robbing of their nests
of shiploads of eggs. This ought to
be stopped at any cost, for this is the
main cause of the scarcity of ducks.
Kspecially petty is tha bill to pro
hibit the use of repeating gans. - What
difference can it make whether you
kill the bag limit with a repeating
gun, or a single barrel, muzzle loading
gun?
Tbe bag limit is the only right way
to protect game, and then see that it
is enforced. JV L. FLETCHER,
Z'
Same Age.
From the Ohio - Son tlal. 1 '
"Areyoij going to Gladys' birthday
party?"
"What birthday is shs" celebrating
this timer - i
"Her twenty-fifth."
"Oh, I was there last year.
' Proof Positive. " j
From the Louisville Courier-Journal,
"Does Wombat own or rent his
house V .
i "Rent it . J '
'How do you know?
"I know, all right. H scratches
the matches on the paint,'
IvffiS
'Ui-ai.Y SATS'
Bj Trad Loklsy. Special Staff WriUr of
j Tbe Journal.
"A- few weeks ago the papers spoke
of the retirement of John M. Carna
ham, who was a telegraph operator at
Missoula, Mont, and wsa was retired
on a pension by. the Western Union
Telegraph ycompany after 60 years of
service." aald Watson N. Shilling. ho
is a Civil war veteran, having served
under Custer, and who is also a vet
eran at the telegraph key. He has lived
in Idaho for the past 47 years. At
present his home ia at Rupej-t, Idaho.
thouJi he ia spending part of the wln-J
ter a visitor in Portland. s
Carnaham began his work on the
wire in 1861." continued Mr.-Shilling.
'In 1872 when the Northern Paciflo
had been completed as far west as Bis
marck, North Dakota. Mr. Carnaham
was sent there as Western Union Tel
egraph operator. From there in 187
he sent an account of the Custer mas
sacre on the Little Big Horn, which
oecurred In July, 1876. Fort Abraham
Lincoln was located at Bismarck and
ort Abraham Lincoln was the head
quarters of Brigadier General Cuter
and the Seventh cavalry. Custer start-d
from Bismarck on his Indian cam.
palgn. On July, 5 the "steamboat Far
West came down the river to Bis
marck bringing the wounded of Reno's
command and a large number of of
ficial dispatches-to the war depart
ment. Carnaham flashed the news jof
the massacre to the east and then for
21 hours ho sat at his instrument
ending a mass of official reports in
connection with the massacre: In' all
he sent 80,000. words In two shifts.
"A letter, from Lee Mantle is very
interesting. It is written from ' Los
Angeles and has to do with the send
ing of the news of the Custer massa
cre. Here Is what Mr. Mantle says:
'In 1876 I was telegraph operator and
stage agent at Pleasant Valley, Omelda
county, Idaho. It has always been my
understanding that the first news of
the fight came by courier from the Big
Horn battlefield from Fort Kills, near
the present city of Bozeman, Montana,
and that it was forwarded by wire to
Helena, Mont. W. K. Fredericks was
the operator at Helena. The line was
down south of my office, so Fredericks
asked me to take the dispatches and
forward them to the first office south
at which the line was working. I sat
VP most of that night taking the dis
patches from Helena. 1 forwarded
them on the wire to Salt Lake City. I
kept carbon-copies of all the messages
I received. These messages embraced
the news of the massacre from officers
together with a vast number of per
sonal messages from officers and men
to their friends and families in the
east telling of the massacre and of
their individual safety. It hardly
seems possible to me that the new
could have readied Bismarck uiHquirk
ly as it did Fort Ellis, Mont. The
distance from the Little Big Horn bat
tlefield was approximately 600 miles
to Bismarck, while to Fort Kills It is
less than 200 miles. Tiere was at
that time neither stage nor telegraph
line between the battlefield and Bis-
marck, the principal means . ot com
munication being by river.
" 'I believe the first news of the tra
gedy which reached the, outside world
came via Fort Ellis through Helena,
Montana, and then on by wire from
my office and on to Halt Lake. Un
doubtedly news of the massacre was
also forwarded in other directions.
Doubtless Carnaham had fuller infor
mation and details of the event and
the official . dispatches were sent
through him on accounUjaf Bismarck
being the offlctal headquarters of the
Seventh cavalry. ' .
"You will see from Lee Mantle's let
ter," continued Mr. Shilling, "that the
first news, though. not so complete as
jthat qent from Bismarck, really came
tnrougn Helena. At that time I was
at Fort Hall, near the present city of
Blackfoot, Idaho, though in tlrose days
1 was called Ross Fork. I was tha
Western Union operator, stage agent
and also licensed Indian, trader to the
Bannocks and Shosliones. - Lee Mantle
took the wire messages . from Freder
icks at Helena and sent them from his
office at Pleasant Valley, on the stage
to Fort Hall, where 1 was the tele
graph operator. Ordinarily the' stage
arrived at midnight but Mantle told
them of the Importance of the tele-.,:
graphic dispatches so they put-their!
horses through as hard as they could .
go and reached Fort Hall at 9 o'clock,
three hours ahead of time, I sat up
for hours sending the dispatches un to
Salt Lake. W. B.. Hlbbard, the supers
lntendent of the Western Union, was
at Salt Lake and took the key and re
ceived tbe messages from me., Know
ing that I had served with Custer ha
asked for additional details about Cus
ter, which I gave him and he furnished
to the press. The Custer massacre
Was followed the following year by the -Nez
Perce war and the year following
the Bannocks, under Chief Buffils
Horn, broke out." '
The Ragtime Muse
, Ileal Efficiency.
In frosty Lapland, we are told, -The
daughter or the houss must go
On bitter midnights to a-tid fro
To guard the reindeer In the fold
Lest hungry wolves should com to
rob -
I'm sure I should not like her job.
Meantime ' her brothers, warm and
snug, .
Drcann happily of blubber stew
Or of fresh woods and pastures new.
As each reposes Jn his rug.
It must be great to be a Lapp -'
No woman's fears will spoil your
. nap. ; Y t
There's Celia, timorous and fair;
Could she kin wolves? Shea sureiy
die
If any mouse came stealinflr nixh.
She dreads a sudden draft of air;
Hhe never walks, she calls her car
.Her French heels would not bear her
- far. .. .- .
Next time she wakes me up to say
That she hears burglars I'll not rise;
Instead I'll calmly close my wyes.'
While she finds comfort where ehe
may.
If she insists that she's afraid
I'll tell ber of the Lapland maid.
"Wouldn't ficare Him.
From Judge.
"Why didn't you toot your horn If
you , saw the man In the road ahead?"
I figured, replied the chauffeur, -that
it would be more merciful if he
never knew what struck him."
The Sunday Journal
The Great Home Newspaper,
consists of
Four news sections replete with
' illustrated features.
Illustrated magazine of qualitjv
.Woman's pages of rare merit
Pictorial newt supplement
Superb comic section.
5 Cents the Copy