THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL; PORTLAND; THURSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 21, 1915.
THE JOURNAL
AM IKIHCPKNDENT NXWWAPCS
JACkPON.
.......... . .PublUber
fuhlbihed eavrr trninif except Soadr.jr) n4
- rary Handar am-nlaa; vt Tha Journal BallV
' lid Rraartwa, ana YamUlll .. Portland. Or.
tuirwl t the poatof flee at Portland. Or., far
trsnamlMton umnuch .be vipalla second
rlM uiatiar.
T..1.KI'I10SK Kato J178! Home A.-0051. ' All
rir-aartments rvelM4 bjr tbaaa Mnbrn. TcU
n oparaior rnat panmani iron wuw
kOKtN AlVKKTlKIKO RBP1.BSENTAT1 VE
linajamln l Kan I Dor Co., Brmvwie Bid..
rtttti Nr. York. 1218 Peovle'a
HnlMKTtpikon - tarata 'jjr cull or to any aO
Srea. to la Unite) ataua r Maxlea:
' J-. - DAILY. '
Cm ear. ,,....$3.00 ' Om mooth...,... -00
! - BONDaV' t
Ooa year.. t2M ) One mouth;......
! PAII.Y AKD SUNDAY. ' M
na year,. 17. So I Ota month. 9 -OB
: -v It It not money, nor is 11
mere intellect, that govern
the world; it ts moral charac
ter, and Intellect associated
with moral excellence. T. D.
Woolsey.
: THE KELLAIIEU KESOLUTION
a. t rrri 11. " TMiiiiiniiin 11 ir - .
v providing for the single-Item
The people of Oregon want the
i ..,1 ,1.).. ..n-.n4.
DriVlltSKB Ol 1UIU1K UU wis bujcuu-
ment, - The 1913 senate denied
them-that privilege by rejecting
, the ! resolution which Senator Kel-
- laher now., re-introduces. It was
a jlcgislatlve blunder then, and sim
ilar action would be a blunder
now,... -
The house has applied the prin
ts ciple of single-item appropriations
In a nw ruls. It is a natriotic
5 action, but this house cannot as
:' surd the public that future houses
or the senate will abide by the
j rule. " Its adoption of the single-1
-; Item rule makes it almost certain
'. thaf ihm hmirn would vote to etve
: tfcepeople the prmiege 01 wriung
v the .principle inp the constitution
i through an amendment.
( : ."he governor is pledged to the
plan. Though early in the cam-
palgn, he aeciarea tne singie-nem
veto! to "be a "sharp two-edged
for ithe measure. October 13, at
;' Ashland, he Bald: "I am in favor
Ot tne single-item veto."
; . In a public statement at Med-
. ioraj ne saia: i wisn ,w can
- aantlAn , : n . ttlA TatT Tnif I
twaslthe first man in Orejon to
aiiigta " ritihllMv thk .. ClnarlA.it(m
' onf 1 In thA Oresronlan. October
17.. h (declared in an interview. "I
shall! continue to be for the single
Item vdto." '
Though,, in his message to the
legislature, the " governor did not
recOmmenqL the asin&le-ltem veto
amendment, he is bound by his
campaign pledges, and both houses
should respect his' position. It
either hesitates' about passing the
Kellaher resolution, the governor
should,- by special message, counsel
them! to support it and give the
people the privilege of expressing
heir wishes on the issue.
.The single-item veto was a big
Issue In the late election, and it
Is a big Issue still. It will always
be an issue until it is settled right.
ITALY AND THE WAB
A
1 STATEMENT, claimed to be
official, corned from Rome to
!the effect that the earth
quake disaster will not af-
v feet Italy's war policy. This dec-
IcratlQn is perhaps the strongest
.' evidence' -yet given - that - Italy in-
tends j to enter the European con
' flict as soon as there is a good ex-
cuse. 1
m . Italy ' recently ' demanded that
..Turkey make formal apology, for
.'the arrest of the British consul in
the ' Italian consulate at : Hodeida.
Turkey refusedTto comply with the
ultimatum and it looked as though
; warJ, between the two nations, only
awaited the opening of hostilities.
But Turkey finally, agreed to com
ply with the demand, and that ex
cuse for declaring war against, the
sultan's government is not immedi-
. ately available.
But if Italy is looking for a
pretext, she will undoubtedly find
' one when it is wanted.
If she enters the conflict she will
have a million fresh troops, highly
' trained and fully equipped and
iwill exercise' large Influence on the
tanne.s .
AT SALEM
THE
(HERE Is a plan at Salem to
drop the bill abandoning
school supervisors, and pass
jit substitute making super-
vialori optional with the counties.
. The senate committee on education
has advised that if offered, it will
report such a substitute favorably.
The plan is better than the pro-
- posed; outright abandonment ' of
"the supervisory arrangement. But
no change of the law at all is bet
ter than either. Whenever there
;is doubt. It is always better to give
tne country school the benefit. -
At best, th) country school Is at
a disadvantage with the city school
Nothing educational is too good
. for any child, whether in city or
country. The weak spot in the
' school system has always 'been the
' meagtenesa of .rural school train-
Th oest teachers naturally drift
to th cities where salaries are bet-
, . ter. f TThe country schools, gener
ally fpeaking, must be content
with 'inexperienced and more or
less inefficient teachers. If there
is anywhere in the world that there
is need for the services of skilled
supervisors, it is in the schools in
remote!,. districts.- ,
. By the report of; an . attache, ol
the' general board " of ' educationr
Oregon rural schools Increase their
efficiency 100' per cent in a single
year under the supervisory system.
This Is Information any legislator
can secure for himself im the state
superintendent's office at Salem,
It would seem to be a matter for
the most serious reflection before
the legislature proceeds to .tinker
with a system that has a record of
so much betterment for the 1aral
schools. '-.,.'.
In what field can a self govern
ing people be better served than
In the little red school , house at
tl.e country cross roads? '
A CONSPIRACY BILL
1
ISS TOWNE has introduced!
In the house this bill:
- ju 1. . If two or more
persons conspire either to -com-
mit 'any offense again the state of ;
urfgon, or to aeiraua "tne state or
Oregdn, - or any city, or county, or
town, or road district, or school dis
trict therein, in any ; manner or for
any. purpose, and one or more of such
parties to such conspiracy do an act
to effect the object .of ; the conspiracy,
each of the parties to such conspir
acy shall be fined not less than the
sum 6f 1100. nor more than .the sum
of 110,000, or shall "te Imprisoned in
the county Jail not less than - thirty
dayjs nor more than one year, or shall
iiuyriBviicu in me siaie ' peniten
tiary not less than one nor more than
five years, .or by both such fine and
Imprisonment. ,s -
Section 2. All parties to the con
spiracy may be indicted and tried in
any county in the state wherein the
conspiracy was formed, or In any
county In the state Wherein any overt
act was committed; by any of -the
parties to such conspiracy. -
It is difficult to see how ' the
house can af ford L to. reject this
bill. There is not
a school district,
or a road district,
or a town or a
city which does not need protection
from bidders, contractors and .oth
ers who enter into! collusion to get
high prices for services rendered
or materials furnished. What ex
planation can any member give the
people at home for opposing such
a bill? ' . , ; . "
How many counties in Oregonv
have been , skinned by collusion in
bridge bids? How many up-state
towns have been fleeced by , col
lusion in paving contracts? How
many school districts have bqen
plucked through gentlemen's agree
ments among bidders In the con
struction of buildings?
There is literally no law now by
which these things can be reached
and punished. It is - amazing that
the state has gone so long without
such .protection as this bill pro
poses. V -
If you behold any. gentleman in
the legislature jump to his ' feet
and fight this measure, you will
then and. there get his measure as
a legislator.
If honest, why can he oppose a
bill to make bidding on public
work honest?
DEADLOCK IN ILLINOIS
PiRTY names' and labels have
deadlocked the Illinois house
of representatives.' It is un
able to proceed with the work
for which the neoDle elected Its
members because party names have
been , made meaningless by the
a At 4 Si a
wei ana ary issue.
The Democrats have a small ma
jority, but they "cannot elect - a
speaker because some of the Demo
crats ' are "wet" and the "drys"
controlled the caucus and nomi
nated the candidate. The Remih-
llcan caucus was also controlled
by the "drys," but' the minority
of "wets" is voting for the Repub
lican -"dry" candidate ;because so
long as party lines are drawn he
cannot be' elected;
But there Is talk of the Demo
cratic "drys" abandoning ; their
party regularity and voting for
thai "dry"Republicah ' candidate.
To repel this flank attack the
"Wet". Republicans threaten to re
fuse; to vote for their' caucus can
didate if., he gets Democratic votes.
One need not be either a "wet"
or a. "dry" to come to the con
clusion that members of a legis
lature who think more of a party
name than they do of their public
dutyor the state welfare are hard
ly fitted to make laws.
The Chicago Herald uses thA
situation as evidence of a weaken
ing of the power of .party names.
it declares that it would be to the
state's 'interest and more logical
tor the wet and dry party wings to
Join like with like than to ken
on flapping discordantly.
ELIMINATE POLITICS
L OGAN WALLER PAGE, direc-y-tor:
of the United States Of
' flee of Public Roads, makes
" . X. , . t 1 . .
u verjr perunent suggestion
that politics should be eliminated
from' highway construction and
maintenance. . He urges the exten
sion of the civil service : to the
highway department of every state
and advocates legislation that will
permit the recall of any highway
ornciai guilty of negligence. In
competency or fraud.
The 'American riAAnlA a ra ensn
ing 2 0000,000 yearly on high
ways, under the. present haphaa
ard eystem there is - a loss of ap
proximately ' $50,000,000 because
of careless supervision, ! "
In the' 300 counties of "the
forty-eight states there are approx
imately 10,000 local road officials,
the majority of whom are chosen
not for : their knowledge of road
construction or ability to spend tax
money efficiently but, for their al
legiance to the dominant political
machine.
The road , qut-ttlon probably af
fects more people than any other
branch of the public service as it
determines the cost and amount of
latin ,. oduA th M"cainl the
country child and the religions and
social life of the rural community.
Roads will . always be poor and
a heavy tax so long as they are ad
ministered on lines directly the op
posite to those , employed 4 by pri
vate corporations. " i-
State supervision seems o be
the ' first and most effective step
towards . getting ' satisfactory road
conditions when the suparvision is
in the hands of a non-partisan non
paid board or commission which
selects its ; technical - subordinates
with -due regard for their qualifi
cations instead of for political rea
sons. - v
County units could be organized
on the same basis, Vi.
The present Oregon highway
commission' is established on a
sound foundation and should not
be upset. . t mlht be modified by
the appointment of a non-part:ran
nop-salarled advisory board in or
der to releve the governor, secre
tary , of state and treasurer from
much of -the detail work attache 1.
BISHOP SUMNER
GHICAGO relinquished Bishop
Walter T. .Sumner to Port
land,, with many regrets. : The
r i same considerations that made
the great Illinois metropolis re
luctant to give' him up are consid
erations that operate to accord him
a generous! welcome in Portland.
" He Is a great captain of social
serviced He Is a-militant leader In
the betterment i of mankind. Be
cause of his great qualities as a
social worker, he rose to; a com
manding" position In Chicago, a po
sition from which his influence has
radiated to every part of the coun
try. - !
Thousands of people in Portland
have looked forward to the coming
of Bishop Sumner with ! extraordi
nary, interest," They believe that
his " powers and his purposes' will
make him a rallying point around
which can be marshaled great
forces for. a ' great work here.
Portland Is an average American
city with a j great army of splendid
men. and women. In common with
al! its cities In ; this century and
this civilization, it has its incon
gruities, Its fester places and its
dark spots. It is no better and no
worse than the average community
in the number and character of its
weak, for whom a gentle humanity
bespeaks the concern and the min
istrations of the strong. It is for
tunate in a! healthful environment,
rich in a glorious outlook, and hap
pily pitched - In " an I intelligent and
popular form of government.
; Portland Is a city ripe for a so
cial service .leadership.' Willing
men and women by thousands are
strong andj sincere in a common
desire to etrengthen'the "weak and
uplift the lowly. There is a wait
ing army of peace in Portland anx
ious to diffuse justice and extend
mercy. . There Is a . great field
here for an ' organized effort
in -which n h the - leveling influ
ences -qfb charity and the -merciful
endeavors of philanthropy $ap oe
organized and ,, systematized for; a
wonderful and powerful work.
. Regardless of class,, creed, color
or. character. Portland gives hearty
greeting to Bishop Sumner. ' " 1
STRICT NEUTRALITY
HE farmers of Jefferson coun
ty, Nebraska,' : have taken a
practical step towards bring
ing this European war to an
end.
1-
They have refused to sell any
horses to contractors for the war
ring nations. Their attitude has
been 'voiced thus: ; , , , : t
.' Let1 the" war-craaed Europeans fight
their own battle. None of us - need
money so badly that we must let
them have Our dumb brutes to be
used for targets for artillerymen and
riflemen. . ... 4 ".
If the saline sentiment- were put
Into general practice wars among
men would I soon cease. ' Unfortu
nately the ! world at large has - not
yet ascended to the plane attained
by these Nebraska farmers.
THE! LOBBY BILL
N - HIS argument for the lobby
Ibill, Mr. i Huston said one rea
son why i legislators are always
I under, suspicion of the people
lis because of the notorious Influ
j ene'e of : the lobbyr and that is
largely true.! '
I Mr. Schuebel declared that the
purpose of the lobby' bill Is to le
galize that Which is now an out
law. If the purpose of a lobbyist
is an honest purpose, why should
he object to making his business
with the legislature known?
. If his 'errand is stealthy, to be
whispered only in the ear of a
legislator In a back, alley, Is It
likely to be an hoeest errand?
' In all his votes, ' the legislator
has to come out into the open?:
Why should not the. lobbyist who
seeks to influence those votes also
be required ' to come out into the
open? -r.f '. .- ; ,
The Journal can ; see no sound
objection' tp a reasonable regula
tion of the lobbyist! ,
THE CRANLEY'S CARGO
mHE ' steamer Cranley ' is in
I Portland harbor taking-' on ' a
. I . cargo df supplies for the re
I lief of Belgians. She will
carry goods ito the value of $0 0,
000, of which the people of Ore
gon contributed the greater part
of $40,000 'jworth as a voluntary
offering. . ' V -'
A few ' weeks ago 'a carload of
supplies to load the Christmas Ship
was sent from Portland. That
shipment was an Oregon contribu
tion of comfort and. good cheer to
Wt'" "fFrgia. whatevnr Uieir.liA
ttonality. . That it fully served Its
purpose was evidenced by many ex-j befits their degree of - immunity.
pressions of gratitude .that have J Judging from conditions in Europe, '
come; from overseas. T however, law.. ' order and good be j
" The Cranley's arrival, In port as4 havior seem to be things that apply j
a ship of mercy is demonstration 'to one's own country,' but not to i
that Oregon's." oversea . commerce
In bahalf. of humanitr has expand
ed wonderfully in a short time. A
few weeks ago a railroad car car
ried the state's goods. Today a
ship is necessary.
s' The Cranley's cargo is demon;
stration that Oregon has risen jto
the, occasion. - , When the , Cranley
sails she will carry the .word to
Europe that dollar-chasing Is not
Oregon's only, occupation. - - - j
THE JOURNAL ;
NATIONAL EDITORIAL
What Is the Matter With Mexico?
By WILLIAM . R. SHEPHERD
Professor of History, Columbia i
University. , , '.
N HIS Jackson
1
Day speech
P resident
Wilson bade ' the
Mexican people
godspeed In
gaining for
themselves true
political - free
dom, and pledged
himself that, so
long" as he was
president, no one
BQouid intertere with them in their
ambition, In which position he ex
pects the sympathy of the Ameri
can people. In what "way, if any,
is the Mexican situation akin to
our own national experience, and
what ground . is there for his com
parison with the - warring nations
of x Europe$today in settling their
own affairs? .
' Years ago we ourselves suffered
from a disease that could be cured
only by the - sword, and one appli
cation of it was sufficient. Mexico
is suffering from a complication of
diseases which springs from a. com
mon source, unfitness to enter upon
an independent republican life that
would . square with the viewpoint
of the United States and the other
advanced countries of the world.
If Mexico could have had traditions
Of j-' democracy jAnd ( a reasonable
amount of time to apply them with
out undue haste or pressure from
beyond ' its . borders, doubtless - she
would not have' had. so many con
vulsions. - She 'would not have
needed to use the knife in revolu
tion so often, or to try the process
of healing wounds by a resort - to
constitutional and financial medicines-borrowed
from the United
States and .Europe.
1 , Instead, ' Mexico " started on its
national career with essentially the
same evils as, those which afflict
her today. The foreigner has sim
ply changed his nationality and his
methods, while: the other elements
have merely assumed new gnlses.
The alterations do hot constitute
in 5 themselves the real differences
between the earlier "and later
phases of the same thing. In 1789
the 'men of France began" the revo
lution, not because they were worse
off mentally or materially than
people of their kind elsewhere, but
1
precisely because they were better
off. They knew what their griev
ances were and they knew how to
deal with them. Similarly the Mex-
leans of today on their , part, bene-1 deslrable to preTent just as many m
fitlng by the operation Of the.Diaa juries as It Is possible to prevent,
regime, have ." become better edu- It would be as fair to pass a law
cated than they were In earlier th a1 "awn!111" h.,ubJEtu
w. J,.rj --x...,,-! against; fire for a flat rats .of - S .per
times, better situated materially eent M lt lf9 that all employers who
than before. They will endure the
evils no longer If they . can help
it. - Their modes of action may be
crude, radical, violent, confiscatory,
but they ; know in general what
they- want.-rr-:- '
The agricultural laborers are
discontented with the system of
great - landed estates which ' pre.
vents them from becoming owners
of the soil and keeps them in a
state of .serfdom. The vast ma
jority of the- people, who did not
share In the profits to foreign cap
italists -under the Dias regime of
Mpeace and Order"- want Mexicb
developed, but not exploited. They
would - have the constitution of
1857 given a fair trial, so as tp
see whether It is workable or not.
If lt is .hot workable, . then It
should be changed to meet condi
tions, They; believe' that the big
landholders, their' clerical support
ers and " the foreign "interests"
ought to be ' ousted' from the con
trol of --the govefnment and their
places' taken by. , Mexican people,
who -will possess in law and -fact
what they own , in right and theory.
. It is easy enough to dilate upon
the woeful Ignorance of the masses
and the ntter selfishness' of mili
tary leaders as responsible for the
calamities. v-These features of the
situation, however, are and . have
been merely Incidents in the- real
problem, of .-what,, is ' -jirong 'and
how the Mexicans are . going . to
handle it.- The program may. be
as. vaguein its proposals as It is
radical In ItA menace bnt "it hani
radical in its menace,, out it nap-j
pens - to represent the feelings of l
the men who have grievances and
know Of only one way to remove t
thpm ' That wav is to fiahf and to
tnem. i nai way is xo jignt ana to
"ou""i f"w.
reacnea. - ,
The truth is, then, that the Mex
ican, people have come to realize
more intelligently where the trou
bles lie and how : they should seek
redress." ;: Law and order protective
of the foreigner and his property,
law and ' order ' exemplifying -the
conduct of well-behaved . nations,
are. all right for peoples who have
no such ills as the Mexicans have
to rack : them. Nations of that
(sort may choose the panacea which'
other people's countries.
1
- , i
In Mexico the situation 'is just
the opposite. Here the people are
using at home, the panacea that
other folks, use abroad. - Once the
Mexicans trusted their leader, now
they are ' coming to trust ; them
selves. The fight , will j go on until
one of two things happens.: Either
a state of anarchy" will show that
the diseases are incurable by Mexi
co itself and a foreign protectorate
will have to apply the remedy, : or
they will be eliminated 'without
foreign . intervention, and Mexico
will proceed along Its own pathway J
of development, unhastened and j
unnamperea.' Mixtures or cureaiis
are apt to leave the patient, worse
off than before. Copyrffbt, 15
tetters From the People
' (Communleationa tent' to Ttia Jearoal for
pobiication in this departmeDt a boa Id be writ,
ten on only one tide ot tiis iper, abaald Dot
exceed 300 words u- ien(U and must be ac
companied by tba name tod address of the
sender. If . the writer does not desire to
have .the name published, l. ahould o state.)
- "Olacuaaion la the (rreatrat of all reformers.
It rationalise ercrrtbtng it tooehc. It rob
priDclplea of all false aauctity and ttarowa them
back ob their reaaonabtenesa. If they hare
no reasosabHneaa, It nttleaaly crnshe' them
oat of exlateuce and aeta up Its o a conclusions
la their atead." Woodi-ow Wlteoi. ,
Workmen's Compensation Laws
Compared. ; ; -;
Portland, Jan. 20.- T the' Editor of
The .Journal I attended the , first
meeting : of workmen's . compensation
commissioners, employers, employes
and others Interested In these mat
ters, from the different states, and
have given the matter a great deal
of study, -
With much Interest X have read the
various articles recently published
concerning . the compensation for In
jured employes under the compensa
tion act in Oregon and under the
Michigan law. .
I feel a personal ' interest in this
subject, because the company of which
I am president "-and In which 1 am
personally Interested, came under the
Oregon law as soon as It went Into ef
fect and we have had a practical ex
ample of its workings. , After fiva
months' experience I am compelled to
say that the Oregon law is, in my
opinion, a failure, and will ever re
main a failure, for it is based on
wrong principles. Its rates are not
based on any statistics .and are there
fore merely guesswork. . Its rates - are
unfair in nearly all classes, for under
these ''guesswork" rates the commis
sion collects large sums of money from
one class of business and uses it to
pay Cor injuries of another class. The
money is collected from the employer,
the employe and the state. The levy
on the employer and' the employe a
made Nwlth; very little regards to the
natural t hazard of the business and
without any regard for tba safety ap
pliances . which the employer has in
stalled. . .
When one mill has spent many thou
sands of dollars In putting in fire pre
vention : appliances the! ire- Insurance
companies make due allowance for the
reduction of hazard. By this method
and in this wy the mill owner is
compensated for his expenditure, ' but
when the same mill owner or other
employer spends a farge, amount of
money In safety1 appliances In order to
prevent accidents he will, under the
Oregon law. pay the same rate to the
fund as the employer who has done
nothing. This principle of the Oregon
law naturally will not encourage safety
appliances; therefore, I, feel that the
Oregon law is Inhumane and not pro
gressive, for the modern and humane
idea is to Install every appliance for
ecMt prevention as well as to com.
VvaWss va taw - anninanra
pensate for accidents.
I feel it is tight for any industry ts
assist its employes by money compen
sation when one Is injured. This ex
pense should be considered one of the
" 4 . I at MAM
operate machinery must contribute 3
per cent of their payroll to insure
against accidents, and also compel the
men to contribute one-half of -1 per
cent of their wages for the same pur
pose. A fair Illustration of bow the
Oregon law works is found in the
records of our accident commission.
Between June SO, 1914, when the Ore
gon law- became effective, and De
cember . 31, 1S14, - there' were 159 . em
ployers engaged in operating grain ele
vators, warehouses and cereal mills,
who had 14 accidents ;thexe were 185
employers engaged In printing and
bookbinding, who had 3 ; accidents;
there were 774 employers engaged ia
sawmills, shingle mills, logging camps
and logging railroads; they had 627
accidents. It does not require a, pro
fessor ' of ! mathematics to know that
the printing Industry, both . men and
boss, were contributing their money to
help the lumber industry. Neither does
it require an expert to understand
that it is unfair to require the print
ing industry to contribute to the ex
pense of operating the sawmills of th
state,. '. :'..v-:-. : ";: . vs : -We
came under ths Oregon law be
cause 1 was told that after we had
paid in for one year if we did not have
accidents sufficient to lower our de
posit below a csrtain percentage of
the contribution of our employes tmd
company,- we would be exempt until
we did have such acclden.ts. During
the six ; months In 1914 that the law
was working we paid In nearly $900,
and two of our t men r -who v were In
jured received back th sum of 120.90.
I am pleased ' that the alum - received
back Was small, and - wish there - bad
been not even these minor accidents.
Of the 900 paid in. our men paid. In
about- $130, so that, the men received
baclc about II for .svery 1 6 they paid
in, . and all , of . tha -; balance . of ths
money; paid - in by the men and all of
the money paid. in ; y .the company,
which is six times as much as that
paid in by the men,' has . been used, or
will toe .used to pay for injuries In
othw t&iitotieB and 4n other industries.
Had "our - business been -carried under
a law similar to : ths Michigan law
our factory would have paid according
to ita own hazard and this would have
u ln ct ot about IS00 to
tne company ana nothing to tne men.
I now find that tthe Oregon law is
interpreted by others to mean as-we
thought it did, in that we would be ex
empt next year if we did not have any
accidents. In your? paper of January
16 there appears an article from Gov
ernor West in which he' said: - ;
' "When Sr Class A employer .has made
payments into? the accident' fund to
an - amount f exclusive ; of ; money i re
tained from their, workmen's , wages)
equal to 3 per cent of his annual pay
roll, and a Class B employer has mad
similar payments to the amount of m
per cent of his annual payroll, each
PERTINENT COMMENT
J3MALL CHANGE ' '
Some men have brains but never
know when to use them. - - . - .v .
A real heroine Is a woman who can
suffer in silence. , .
-'' - -Anyone
could write poetry were it
not necessary to make It rhyme. -
. .
'Success often comes to a man be-j '
cause; he has forgotten that he might f
aVWAVAa
A man seldom measures up to your
expectations unless - measured by the
golden rule. . ..
A wise woman refuses to ask her
husband to accompany her to church
if he talks In his sleep. .
Doubtless it is the unexpected that
happens because on can .never tell
what a woman will do. .
.
We know a .man who hitched his
wagon to a star and has had much
trouble ever .since. He married an actress.---',-
. .- , .-.
.a i;:. - ' . :.::- :"'Y ". ' - :
a If a man 'is tired of this world and
yearns. for obscurity, all he has to do
to, obtain It is to become the husband
of some prominent woman. 1
It doesn't take a woman very long
to discover that she , drew a blank
In the matrimonial lattery, but to her
dying : day she believes her . husband
drew a, prize.
-h-A - :;
When a man who did not marry
oecause he was disappointed in love
sees how married men suffer he has a
right to pat himself on the head and
tsay, "What a lucky old dog you are!"
' '
What has become of the old fash
ioned home that had a center table in
the parlor with a Bible on it, a melo
deon in one corner and the motto, "In
God We Trust." hanging . over . the
mantelpiece? . ' '
RATE INCREASE
' By John M. Osklsdn. r
The effect on the market for rail
road securities : and railroad supplies
of the latest rate decision is beginning
to be felt.' I tiis one of the factors
that has helped to convince our in
vestors that we are on the way back
to normal in a financial sense. -
'To- the eastern railroads the Inter
state Commerce commission said, in
effect: "You are entitled to, whatever
advance of rates you must have , to
maintain the Integrity of your prop
erty." It is a cheering and very sane de
cision. Whatever you may think of
the need for taking railroads out of
the hands of private capital and put
ting them under . government owner
ship and control, you must admit that
as , long as they are private enter
prises they are entitled to a. fair
chance -to ; compete for fhs capital
needed to maintain them in good con
dition. - '
v We have government regulation of
railroads.- It applies mainly to, the
fixing of rates. The government says
what is a fair rate for service, but
to find the money to keep the roads
shall thereafter be exempt from mak
ing further payments to the' fund until
such time as his business shows an
Increased. 'annual payroll or .his con
tributions to the accident fund are re
duced through the payment of claims
occasioned ' by accidents occurring in
his plant or establishment.
. "During this period , Of exemptlos.
however, he must cease ths retaining
of any sums from the wages of the
workmen." .. . Ir.j
However, we are advised by the ac
cident commission that we will not
be exempt, and on reading the Oregon
law carefully ! find a neat little pro
viso tucked away which completely
knocks out our idea of exemption. Z
refer to the following, from section 19:
' "Neither the employer nor the work
men shall be entitled to the exemption
provided by this section unless there
shall be ln said Industrial accident fund
sufficient money to meet all payments
which shall have then accrued with
a surplus of 10 per cent thereon, and
unless there shall have been set apart
by the state treasurer from said fund
ths amounts hereinafter required on
account of injuries resulting in death
or permanent disability."
' The industrial accident commission
about tha first of the year gave out
an interview to the effect that there
would be a deficiency and that some
remedial legislation must be passed.
From the above section of the statute
it is therefore perfectly apparent that
our company and men will not have
any exemption. -
I also notice that Governor West
objects to the Michigan law in his
article published last Sunday:
"The Michigan law is framed wholly
in tha Interest of the insurance corn-
j panies. The state is merely given -au-1
thority sufficient to f opl the public
into thinking the act gives protection
land pays expenses." I ; ,
t And he fclso voices many general ob
! jectlons to this law. J have not space
tl: iv. h,.Ao1.l faaura nf
the Michigan law in this communica
tion, but in refutation ; of the - gov
ernor's suggestions J would call at
tention to the fact t that, under ths
Oregon law a large number of em
ployers have refused to come In, and
many who, came in ' thinking, they
Would be exempt after the first year
will undoubtedly withdraw at th end
I of the . first "year; Under the Michi
gan law practically 95 per cent or tne
employers have come under its terms,
and as to tho law working In the., in
terest of th Insurance companies fand
not the employes, I would call your at
tention to the following telegram re
ceived by me from the secretary ; of
tha industrial accident commission of
Michigan. I wired Inquiring as to the
attitude of the men toward the law.
(The men have the right to come under
the law or not as they please). Ths
telegram from the secretary of ths
commission Is as follows: . -
"Employes - rejecting act not more
than 15 since operation of law. . Ap
proximately 500,000 under v its pro
Vision. G. E. DICKSON, Secretary."
There are 26 states which have some
kind of industrial accident compen
sation, and the laws in i 23 of these
states . are based on general principles
similar to the Michigan law, while the
Oregon law stands by itself. .The Ore-B-on
law is. a mere experiment, while
the laws of the other states are based
( upon statlsllcs and are working; to the
j satisfaction of the men as well as the
j employers . r A. .3. KINGSLEY.
I," An Appreciated Article, -i'
Grants Pass. Or... Jan. 19. To the
, Editor of Ths Journal -Allow me to
(express my-deep appreciation f the
goodness of Ths Journal Tor not only
giving space ts such subjects but for
the' generous amount accorded 'the ar
ticle, "An Appeal for a Sane Tax
Law,' in the issue of January 18, by
Stoughtdn Cooleyof Chicago.
Oregon is indeed fortunate in having-
a great dally paper that fears not
to present truths 'though It might of
fend the selfish. We need the truth
very much ln::-thes questions land,
labor, capital, wealth and - taxation
as- they . ara. now, beiog .considered, or
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Clatsop county, the Astorlan- an-1
lAlin CtaaaaM la ., a V.a. am : a.MV.tk.U aV tk. i
..wu.iv soi km iicafj an rYi.i ui v t.L tut; t
Panania-Facif lc exposition ''that will I
rival any other county In Oregon.
Business men of Th Dallea ar cfrat
culating a petit on in m effort to hv
?h" box-oatrons-at
iruai.uj.in-v ounuays, wnn general aeltv- -
ry service for -at least an hour.. ti ..if
- .. ?.: : :-':-.: : iv.-sij have 'failed to meet him: Ye. I an
.Ktf nw In Ahe mountains," saKlj0 .bat what d? tiT,
the ; Penaleton East Oregonian, : "IsV wna does that signify f;aii
causing- Keneral satisfaction, inasmuch
as the deficiency in precipitation had
caused all streams to be unusually
low and was threatening the indus
tries which rely upon a generous water
supply." . .
- - ":.:, ' -;:';-: V
CorvalUs Gazette Times: The pre
mium lists for the Sclo fair are being
issued at this time. Solo has one of
the best small fairs held In the west.
It is easy to Bee wherein lies its suc
cess preparedness, the absence of de
lay. Other counties interested In fairs
may well note the example set by the
Linn county town.'
. - . a a
The rosy outlook phases Itself In
Wheeler counrjtaccording to the Fos
sil Journal, thus: "The foothills are
white with snow, but not enough to
cause stockmen to feed on a largo
scale. Everyone has been long desir
us of moisture, and the whole coun
try feels its pulses beat quicker at
the thought of better prospects for the
coming year."
Bandon Recorder: ' Coos county at
torneys established- a new record at
their annual banquet at the Baxter
liotel, Coqullla, In the fact that it was
the first dry banquet In the history
Qt the association. This does not
mean that the attorneys. : have, all
turned prohibitionists, but, in keeping
with the will of the people, have de
rided to live In accordance. Another
factor Is that Coquille is a dry town
and there was nothing in the wet line
to be had.
FOR RAILROADS
in good shape, to meet labor costs
that ara always increasing, to pay
increasing' tax bills, and to make im
provements jand extensions the pri
vate managers must find a way.
This last allowance of a 6 per cent,
increase In rates for the eastern roads
means that a good many dividend pay
ments will be continued that otherwise
would not have been made, and some
interest payments that would have
been defaulted. It means that steel
rails and cars which are needed will
now be ordered. Steel mills will em
ploy more workers, who will have
more money to spend. Merchants. Will
buy more from the "manufacturers,
who will make a stronger demand for
the raw products of the farms and
mines ' and' forests. Home building
will be stimulated. . . -
You can see that the' effect is far
reaching; indeed, you - may . trace it
back again to the railroads that will
have to pay more for supplies as they
compete with one another' with fuller
purses
- But such stimulation Is typically
f American, and if we ara coming back
to. normal we shall profit from It.
A FEW SMILES
Kats Douglas Wiggin'g choicest pos
session, she sayfe, is a letter whisti
she once received from ' ths ' superin
tendent of a borne
for the feeble-minded.
He spoke In
glowing terms of tb
pleasure with which
the "Inmates" had
read her little . book,
"Mann Lisa,-, and
ended thus superbly:
"In fact, madam, . 1 . think. 1 . may
safely say that you are the favorite
author of the feeble-minded!" Wom
an's Home Companion.
Precise
Boarding' Mistress. Mr.
Blunt, shall I tender
you some mors of
ths chicken T
. Mr. Blunt - No.
thank you! But If
yos can tender this
place you have al
ready . served me I
shall be greatly
obliged to you. -
A small boy. with the most of his
face apparently hanging on one aids,
went to the office of a dentist and re
quested that h pull
an obsterper ous
tooth. The dentist,
after examining the
tooth, picked up the
forceps and was
about to wads in
when the patient in
terposed:. "Say. doc," " said be, Just a llttls
tremblingly, tlook out tha wlndowand
see if any boys ia there; won't year?"
"Mercy, yes." replied the dentist
stepping across the room. "Two dos
wi of them. What do they want?"
"Bevsnge," answered the small pa
tient, with a soulful sigh. "Thera'si
boys, what I have licked. . They fol
lowed' me down here to hear me holler."
The Ragtime Muse
Short Cuts. : '
I. PREFERENCES.
I love the crisp and shining snow
That covers dale and hill; 1 .
I love the whooping winds that blow
So boisterous and so chill;
I love the frostwork wondrous fair
The winter dawn discloses;
Move th zest of nipping air ,
That tweak men's ears and noses.
I love ths whine of runners bright,
Ths sleigh belltf Jingling peal; -
I love ths music keen and light
Of Ice and singiqg steel.
Thess Joys of : winter all inspire
A love that would not flout -them;
But most I love to poke the fir
And sit and talk about them.
1L SPEEDING UP. -
Ere we life's treasures learn to know
And re we coma to try
The adult state we envy so,
'T-l- t-h-u-s t-h-s y-e-a-r-s go b-y
But when In life w Uke that part
Of toil and moderate bliss
We find it gives us quite a start
Wheneachy ear goeslike this!
beginning to be, from an angle and In
a light that a few years ago' was re
commended by a minority but scoffed
at by the' monopolist and ignorant or
uninformed. A V'--. j
The Journal is responding to a high
er sense of patriotism' in printlnc
Lthess articles and it Is to be hoped
mat tns wage-working - and soma
building taxpayer will also respond
by giving a studious snd earnest .con
sideration to these matters, so that
when, election iday , comes again , taey
will not be 4 so" easily fooled by the
deceptions and ' misrepresentations of
those few who are fattening, off tha
present system at the expeoss of thf
worker and producer, -
Viva la Journal:,-'.''
, . CALVIN A. . M LEMORE,
Another Way,
Krom the St. Louis Republie. -
putting it in another way. , they've
gotta quit Wckin. out hlp.arounV ; .J
ill
mm
3' jl SJXZCOV CO UNTR K
"W aaaxT bats".,,
By rre ttekitr, Spoeiai tuit Writs a(
i The Jmf
. Portland's i first woman Physician
. ! Ajr. laarv Anna Tknmnann llni ,
th corner of Sixth anl rrnffA ktrM(
Notice that word 'niVM" for-! If anvl
ILV?J
w-- "' j vi me wra en
iVS living more than Dr, Thompson
ir. Thompson, "it isn't tha cassaa
of ; years that makes life. : It Is hov
much you put into life and get out o
life as the years go by that'constl
tutes living, i W should mark time b
events and experiences. ', not , by th
sver-recurrlng sequence To f , tbs day
and months and years. , I will tba 9
in a few weeks. I was born on St
Valentine's day in 1825 and yet?
am still youne in' mv thouerht and i
my Interests. . I still practice medlcinjj
uui nut. xor nire. i. give my aavK'
ar.d my services to those who can'no
afford to' pay doctor bills.
"Bee my hands? They ars soft s
a girl's, and I guess my heart is a
Soft as my hands, for I never coul
resist responding; to ths appeal tv
help. My rriends say I am imposej
worthy. The Great Helper never usj
to ask a person's sedlarae: that h
needed help - was sufficient,- Withli
the past year a little friendless, home
less girl about 15 years old, came t
my house to be', taken' la. i sat ui
most of the night with her and acte
as her doctor. She had her. baby rish
on that lounge where you are sittlnrf
i Kept her two, snd one half week
and then found a place for her. M
friends said. Tou art foolish to hel
her. She has no husband. She Is vll
and wicked." Suppose she was wicks
and depraved, which she wasn'tH
dldnt she need help all the more? A
a matter of fact she was only weail
n T . I. 1 1. J . , , ,. . i !
"u i luuik ii is smati, creai
to one to love a person whom every
body loves; the one who needs' fu
love most is tha onewho is withdrj
lovs a. ' . . ,.
'To -come back' to your question!
nowever, my father's name was Ho
ratio Cooke. He was born Iri Worces
tershlre, England, Remind ma befor
you go and I will show. you his picturef
e was a good man but a dreamer. H
was shiftless, while my. mother wa
a hustler and as proud'as Lucifei
r ather was a wood worker, an in
ventor and a poet. H invented a fla
lathe and also a machine to jmitat
hand carvlng,i but others got ths be'
lit of his invention. He nubllshed
book of -his poems., but poetry' ia i
promtess pursuit If thepoatry i
merely passable; there is mors tnone
in wood working, but father bad -contempt
for money maklnc and as w
couldn't eat his poetry we bad pretts
nara times. i nave never set my foo
in a scnool house since I was 8 year
old. as X had to help support ths fam
"y. ':,: . , ' r
"My mother's maiden name wa
Anna Bennett. I never -had mud
use for the ' people who ara poor bu
proua. . Feopie who are so well bor
they can't pitch in and .work and im
prove their circumstances never ap
pealed to me.' ' My pother's : fa the
was "' the younger soni of a baron e
and so he secured a commission in th
army and died in ths service, leaving
a wiaow who did not long survive him
xne British government made an 4'
lowance to the children on account o
tneir rather having been killed, whll
sn officer In the army, and my motho
receivea a good edocation. .
"In those iays . few places war
open to women, so she Jook a phics a
governess in 4 wealthy famllyj As
am 90 and am" not their first: schiW
yon will see my, parents wars marrle
about 100 years ago. My father W
motner met on shipboard sn route fo
America. They were married In Nevl
xorK city. .- . :- t . . .
"My mother was 29 years old an
was possessed Of great ambition, con
siderable discontent and, a well-devel
oped temper. My. father was 34 at th.
time of his marriage and "was pos
sessed of a dreamer's dreams, disin
clinatlon for labor and a profound con
vlctlon of the superiority of men ove
women and of Englishmen-over avery
one else. . . . . .
x "I can" remember as a child seeing
my tatner and mother going to marke
and seeing my mother coming horn
carrying the heavy market basket
wnua my father walked along bV he
aids -with his bands in hi pocket
i Mother iot only bore the market baf
i ket and most of tha other famllv htir',
A 1 dens but she also bore 10 children
Her first. Child was a boy," who die.!
about 60 years ago; then cam Rachae
and I. We were twins. Rachael die:
when she was six months old. Mo the
always used to shake her head and say
"It is too bad if one bad to bs taker
that Rachael had to die. She was tM
prettiest and the smartest.' - That al
ways made me feel very guilty and vn
comfortable, for I guess I was a prett
plain child. - But I mads up for lt if I
waan't ornamentaL 1, was certain!
useful. '-. X .mothered all tha sucoeed
Ing children while mother tried to sef
that We had enough to eat and td
wear. Both father and mother, ward
English, so much-so that mother savJ
nothing unreasonable in father want
ing ths girls to clean and polish th
brothers' boots.
Whso l was, 10 years old .foothet?
lost her temper. We were so poor h
didn't have much else to lose. "Sh'
began i striking .: me, k I was i .Ilttl
wisp of a thing. I said: '.Stop.5 Thlc
is my: body yoy are striking. If yb
nit anotnsr ,piow - you; wni regret It,
J-ihe did both. She finished whipping sv
and. shs regretted it. I ran sway an 4
found work. When I applied for workl
ths woman looked down at me and said)
"Why, child. Tou are too small to lw
of any use: What. can you do?" said
'Just try me. I can wash the. dishes
mind the babv and run errands." '.
"After while my mother located m
and begged me to come back and hlr
her. I told her Tou and father vri
English, but thank God I am an Amer-j
lean and I don't have tb be beaten.
will die first before I let aby EnglMi-l
man or any one else strike me.' Bhf
promised never to whip me sgaln and.
I went back. - - , " '. . j
1 have had six children;" four $ft
them were boys, and I have never
struck a child In alt . my. life. We
whip children because we are strongf r
than they are and are helpless to de
fend themselves agalnSt our ssger. im
pression and Injustice. We; whip an
animal because It tan, not reaoa. We
whip a child because ws are angry or
tired or cross, t if the child ' win riot
respond to lovs'or reason then we have
not raised that child as we should' and
we are unworthy ts hsvs the training
of children, 'i A :. bad child usually
means weak, wilful, self-indulgent par
ents, parenta lacking in aelf-controt
We teach children fear,- injustice and
cruelty by whipping them, .
. How Mother Knows." '
Prom the Cincinnati Enquirer. "
7 Mother can always find out what
father did when he stayed J out urj4,.l
a. m, rSho leu him tell all the thirs
he did and then she knows that he did
all the things be was afraid to mea
lion. .. .-. - '