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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 17, 1915)
ITALY HAS MORE TROUBLE IN TRIPOLI RED CROSS DOGS WAR'S REAL HEROES ill"! 7 '( e--l iVMI:-:!l'-"'''' 'V . 6 30' , 'I GERMAN INFLUENCE BREWS A MORE TROUBLE IN TRIPOLI Italy Has Been Forced to Give Up Conquest of the Interior and Revolt in Fezzan Makes Situation Serious by Weakening Italian Prestige. Bj Brixton D. Allaire. Rom Jan. II. A a result of Ger man machinations In Italy's north African possessions,' the Italians have been forced to ivs up the conquest of the interior,- abandon the occupa- Hon of Fettan, and center her troops alon the sea coast, where the chief towns are being heavily fortified. Re inforcements of about 10,000 men' have been sent hurriedly to Tripoli, al though this fact has not been made" puouc nere as yet. Th cly of Tripoli Is being convert ed Into a stronghold again. The trenches and field fortifications dating from the time of the Turko-Italian war : three years ago are being strengthened and rebuilt and barbed wirs entanglements and earth works art being added. A' Italy's Vrsstio Weakened. . Italy, suffers severe blow to her prestige ;ln the evacuation of Ferzan This is a country having an area of iii.wu square miles bordering Tripoli on the south. Although it is mostly desert, there are numerous very fertile oases. Here wheat, melons, figs, dates ' turnips,' cotton, almonds and other crops are ratsed. There are five grain crops every 12 months. Germany and Turkey assured" Italy that the r holy war proclaimed by the 6hlekh-al Islam would not affect the Mohammedans in Italian territory, but . this i promise has not been kept irf Libya, where the majority of the pop. ulaoe Is still hostile to Italy.; The uarest has increased until it is Ao longer safe to leave the small bodies of troops at stations m the interior. Xnver Pasha Trouble Maker. . Toward the close of the Turko-Ital-Ian fwarl Enver Pasha, now Turkish war j minister, did a great deal tf organise j the natural -fighters of the desert. After. Turkey signed a treaty of , peace In - October, 1913, warfare against the Italians was continued by tlie powerful sect of the Senussyeh The Sen assy eh have been called Mos lem Quakers, but they are more like . Jesuits, j It I Is they who-have spread Islam through Africa recently at a rate which puts the efforts of our missionaries to , shame. - lnthe-, early months of 1914. before ti e European war broke out, the Ital ians succeeded In pacifying the Inter ior of Tripoli. They garrisoned the principal; points along" the caravan routes far Into the desert. But In ' Cyrenalca they were less successful. - T'0 Bedouins were numerous and well N YX& i ,v.v, -,. -v.-.-. .-.v. -v----- .:-.'.';'? Ay i armed, and they kept the Italians In jub uimnci wumn 20 miles of the Mediterranean. The Senusaltoa ..i m . .en supplies from Egypt. There were manv Turic. ish army officers amnnv i- i chief of the Senussyeh refused over- vurea ior peace. With the Coming of the great Euro pean war, many German agents were discovered in Tripoli and Cyrenalca They were liberally supplied with gold, and Bedouins of the interior often applied at Italian banks to have Ger- in noies cnangea into Italian money The German consul at Tripoli, who Is known to be an officer of the Ger man general staff, had many , meet ings In the desert near the city with prominent Arab chiefs. Clashes With the natives. Then began a succession of clashes with the rebels. The Bedouins be sieged Malut. about ISO miles south west of Tripoli, but reinforcements reacned the Italian troops and : the attackers war hatn - rr paIa.i Mianl gained a .victory for the rebels o. aooui 130 miles rrom Mursek. On his way back, the Bedouins made a night attack and "killed a large num ber of Italians. - i : The Italians also suffered severely In an attack by BOO rebels on a de tachment of engineers near Malut toward the end of November. As a result of these Instances and of the growing . agitation among the Bedouins, the Italians have been forced to withdraw to the coast. The . H. - w . lUUftUUOJIiV Iff enormous and the difficulties of paci fying the vast interior will be greatly Increased when Italy takes up the task again. This is ono of the things which is neia against g er many in Rome. . Italy Raises War Loan. Rome, Jan. It. The loan of i200.. 000,000 arranged for- by the govern ment ' for use in connection with ' Its military ; preparations has been l ully subscribed for, according to all indi cations. The loan is to run for 25 years and will bear Interest .at 5) per cent.'. . - i Parley at Vatican Planned. s Home, Jan. jb. Negotiations are Under way here with the object of hav ing the governments of the belligerent countries appoint delegates to discuss with the holy see the details of the project ; providing for an-exchange of priavuciB. ' K f'S? "- 1 w .jbt v. y. 4 . . : -7 7, .. . S r fe- -V Ai - - t i ' 111- - V T - .. sv 111 111 II ' '1 i f I ; . T THE OREGON SUNDAY - JOURNAL, PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING, EWS F ROM FOR El G N CAPITALS -f YY4- "r -V France Now Wants More Alien Flyers mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmt 9 Big Demand for Aviators to Pilot ataebJB.es la War Eons Brings In vitation to Americans, Paris, Jan. 16. The most convinc ing proof of the 'success of military aviation is the fact that France is building aeroplanes and training pilots with . all possible speed. But pilots are not made as quickly as machines and so the authorities have now is sued an invitation to American avia tors whose sympathies are with the allies to enlist in the French aero corps. At the beginning of the war the American aviatrs, K.tThaw and Phil ip Rader, offered themselves for avia tion work, but were refused and joined the second foreign legion instead. Both may now be transferred to the land and marine aviation" corps respect ively. In order to join - the French aero corps, aviators apply to the minis try of war in Paris, stating their citizenship, whether they are licensed pilots by the International Aero nautic federation, what machines they have used and whether they are de sirous of bringing and" piloting their own machines. The men are paid their expenses and t cents a day. Eats Potato Bread As German Example Emperor William Gives trders That War Pood Be Served oa Boyal Table to Popularise XV Berlin.' Jan. 16. Emperor William has given orders that the so-called war bread be served to himself and the members of his entourage. This bread. styled also -K" bread, consists of rye flour and potato flakes. It is being consumed in accordance with a war time proclamation, with the object of making the supply of foodstuff In the empire last longer. It has not been bought readily by the public It is hoped, however, that the decision of the emperor to eat this bread himself will influence the peo ple to follow Ms example. The news papers are - giving much attention to the course of his majesty in this con nection. ., -v.'.' MAY LIMIT BEEF SUPPLY Sydney, Jan. 16. -A serious defi ciency in the meat supply is being pro duced here by large exportations of beef to the United States. . Strong pressure "will ' probably be put on the government to prohibit export of beef except to Great Britain and to her allies. Alternatively the state gov ernments may compolsorily purchase the whole of the local beef supply. 7 y T 1 t J, I A 4 i. ' RED CROSS DOGS DECLARED TO BE WAR'S REAL HEROES Trained Canines Prpve Right to the Title of "Man's Best Friend," Even Breed Commonly Cajled, "Curs" Showing Adeptness in Military Duties, , : f Aix-la-Chapelle, Jan. 16. The rec ords of the German Red Cross depart ment show that after nearly four months of warfare not' a single wound ed man has been overlooked on a bat tlefield searched by 'Red Cross dogs." As a result of this the term "man's best friend." which Is often applied to dogs, has real significance to .the 'German soldier today. Many a wound ed soldier, French, German and Eng lish, has to thank one of these dogs for the preservation of his life. Had it not been that the dog had found him and summoned assistance he might have perished. All Breeds Cam Be Trained. , It - has been shown that all breeds of dogs may be trained ,f or this serv ice. The majority employed by the German Red Cross are Dobermanns, 'German . shepherds. Rottweilers and Airedale terriers. There are represen tatives of other canine families, how ever, and not a few would be classed as "curB." In fact, some of the mixed breeds have distinguished themselves for the rapidity with which they have learned their business. . A breed known in Belgium as the "police dog" also has done- well." y Many Red Cross ; dogs had been trained by the German 1 army before the war broke out. In this case train ing had started when the animal was about- 6 months old. For about six months after the dog has been taken in hand "he is taught no more than to obey his master impliclty. After that his "professional" education" be gins, Iors Act As Instructors. Since the outbreak of the war it has been necessary to - train - dogs in a shorter period and in .many cases this has been done with the aid of another dog, which, in addition to being an ex pert Red Cross worker, also I had the quality of not being misled by bis apprentice. When a dog is trained in this manner be is paired with a vet eran, and soon begins to understand what Is expected of him. Nevertheless, the schooling of the animal requires much attention on the part of the master. ;'- ' f - ' --v;- : The dogs are trained vnder a system in which patience and kind treatment are the principal elements. Aealn and again the master of the dog will take the animal to a . man who simulates being wounaed.or who nowadays actu ally is slightly wounded. Bogs Are Tuned Xoose. The dogs are brought on the ground .if Hi A 1 1 Ml I 1 ' pany, who, as a rule, has from two to four of them on a leash. When the man considers the field safe for the dogs he turns them loose with an ap propriate command, and then attends to such wounded as he can find him self. - After a while the dogs return to re port The manner in which the ani mals do this depends upon their own traits. So far t has been, found dif ficult to keep the dog from barking when he has y discovered a wounded man. As a rule, the dog which has not found a wounded man returns to his -master with a sauntering- gait and. shows neither excitement nor ' eager ness to leave again. : Tenia of Xls ocoesa. His action Is different when his search .has been successful. In that case the dog comes tearing aeVoss the field, circles about his master and runs back and forth in the direction of where the -wounded man has been found. The Red Cross man then fol lows the dog, gives the wounded man nrst aid and makes arrangements for his removal to the field dressing sta tion or ambulance. Where the-ground is difficult and the area to be searched small or when the lines of tha enemy are too near, the Red Cross man keeps one of his dogs on a long line and searches the field in this manner. Say Release Ships And Lower Freights Britons XTrge That tha Government Stake Tse of German Tssssls Cap- v ; tared Burins; tfcs War. : London, Jan. 1 6. In view of the high freight rates prevailing, increased pressure is being brought to bear, on the government to release a part of the German tonnage captured sines th outbreak of war and now lying idle and useless in docks here and abroad. At the present . level . of freights the steamers would earn large profits if employed in general trading, or they could be utilised by the gov ernment as transports and so relieve them of taking up tonnage at the high rates. v.:-; ,-v-.;--- :'"'-' . In the : freight s market : 43s. ld ($10.44) per ton was paid by shippers to carry grain from the River Plate to the United .Kingdom, against a nor mal rats of about $3. JANUARY 17. 1915. lit 7 --tlil (p pi ffTjlf ? v v Dares Sea Mines With Cotton Ship First Americas sal la Party Tears Beaches Port of BremenSkipper Sis Own Pilot. i Bremen. Jan. 16. It was owing to the daring of an American rkipper that the steamship El Monte, which sailed from Galveston, Texas, on Dec 8, and New Tork on Dec. il, arrived at Bremen oh Jan. 1. The El Monte. brought more than 6000 bales of cot ton, the first to reach this port dur ing the war. I She was the first Amer ican merchantman to visit Bremen in forty years. . Capt. Edward T. Pinchin of the El Monte, after the voyage across tho At lantic, took on a British pilot at Deal, as England now does not class cotton as contraband, but- fearing that tne pilot would be interned if he entered German waters, the captain dropped him at the Hook of Holland. At the Hook Dutch i pilots refused to assist the American skipper, saying that It was Impossible on account or mines to complete the voyage. ; Captain Pinchin was oeterminea xo go on, saying be would take his ship to her destination or know the reason why. Accordingly he proceedea wi in cut a ' pllotj ' picking out bis own course without mine cnarts or oiner aid. He made his way to Bremen, greatly to the amassment of the Ger mans, who were much interested in his adventure. Caotaln Pinchin says the voyage is comparatively easy, provided a skip per uses common sense. The El Monte is to return to America rhortly with 1500 tons of mixed cargo. British Preachers Joining tfre Army .- .- . - Three Clergymea Have Just Xallsted la the Sportsmen's Battalioa for Ac tive Berries t Prases. London, Jan. 1. Despite the fact that the Church of England has not favored the enlistment of its clergy men, there has been a noticeable in crease lately In the number of clergy men who have responded to the coun trv's call for: volunteers. Three have Just joined the Sportsmen's battalion, which is officially registered as the Royal Fusiliers, First battalion, wbien Is , commanded by Colonel .Viscount Maitland. i '. -" - ' Two of these clerical recruits ar Rer. E- B. Prance of Great Missenden, Bucks, and' Rev. Frank Edwards ot Hull. ';-: v,;.: ,-: , ; ; -- v -V -; It i expected that the First bat talion will go to the front late In Feb ruary. The rolls of both battalions In clude the. names of many, men of title and others prominent in the world of sports. , BELGIANS HEAR LOSS OF PROTECTION DARES SEA-MINES WITH COTTON SHIP ; " 1 A Belgian trench. and bomb proof shelter on the firing line., 2 Residents of Sermaize leg Bains, France, standing among the; ruin of their town after its bombardment by the Germans.. ' 3 a resident of Arras finds a mattress the only article wo ih savins from the rains of his home. A t 4 Russian prisoners of Tar at work on some earthworks Ir.. East FrusBla, constructed by the , Germans as defense against a pos slble attack by the. Russians. 5 Electrified wire entanglement which form part of the defense of Tslng Tau. BELGIANS FEAR THE LOSS OF AM ERICAN PROTECTION Consuls, to Whom Germany itants' Principal Aid; Suffering Extreme Through out Land; Stoves Taken for Trenches, The Hague, Jan. It. Belgian refu-, gees, in Holland have been mads ap prehensive by the German note to the United . States' about the necessity of American and other foreign consuls in Belgium being acceptable to the mili tary authorities there. They say that the people of Belgium have turned everywhere to the official representa tives of America for protection, which was fearlessly and generously extend ed by brave men In dangerous posts. They fear now that these men will have to go.- , ! Mr. Van der Veen, president of the Netherlands committee of the Antwerp commission for the return, of refugees to Belgium, is about the only Holland er who is allowed to go back and forth over the frontier. He says it cannot be imagined bow great a need prevails throughout Belgium or how dlfzicult it Is to provide people with the neces saries of life in a country where all traffic is disorganised or organised for military purposes alone. Whole English Protestant, i ; Would Aid the Pope fcondon-y' preacher Payors Bellgious Peaee Move Xd by Vatlcaa as Oaly Oaa Promising Success. AA;- -j j London, Jan! 1. ThaBev. Reginald J. Campbell. one . of the most prom inent Congregationalists in London and minister of the City Temple, suggest with an object , of ; putting an end to the war, that a general council of the world s Christian - .. churches be sum moned. . ; : ' ' . Mr. Campbell says there Is only one person the pope who could with any 1l - '1 t - ' t : ...... Objects, Said to Be Inhab- districts In East and West Flanders, Luxemburg, Halnault and other prov inces are entirely without means of communication., , ' . "Already," says 'Mr. Van der Veen, "typhus and other diseases are claim ing countless lives. The problem Is toj get supplies to the places where they sre neededu the means of transport is altogether lnadeqaate." . It is suggested by Mr. Van der Veen that all neutral governments combine and send a transport of automobiles with depots of benslne. To make this possible the consent and protection of the German military government is necessary. It is learned from Sluis that the Germans in Belgium are requisitioning stoves not only from the shops, but from private houses, for the- soldiers in the trenches. Since December 22, no Inhabitant of the coast town of Heyst has been allowed to leave there. Disobedience of the decree Is punishable with In stant death. chance of success -call such a confer ence. There is precedent for this, he says. In the fact that protestants were- summoned to the council of Trent, "and who. knows," he adds, "but Ut if they bad accepted the Invitation the ; scandal of a divided . Christendom might have been averted?" -; Mr, Campbell baa been conspicuous for some time because of his some what unorthodox views. . - Pay Big Price for Copper. Geneva, Jan.? IS. -Advices received here from Germany set forth that cop per, owing to the great demand and the limited supply, is now selling in the empire for z&oo marks tl2fc) a ton.
