The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972, January 17, 1915, Image 36

The Oregon daily journal., January 17, 1915, Page 36, Image 36

Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR

About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 17, 1915)

Prev Page of 64 Next Prev Issue Next Text PDF JP2 (5.8 MB) Clip/Print Image

Return to Top

Prev Page of 64 Next Prev Issue Next

Newspaper Page Text-A THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL; PORTLAND.' .SUNDAY..' MORNING: JANUARY 17 . .1915. THE JOURNAL AN -INT)ePBNDEXT,NEWKPAFBR f. s. JACkSON...... ...... PobllBT fubllabeif a-vary nnii , except Sander) -er SaiMla? unrnln t Tba J on rani Bi Inr-. Broadway and Yamhill ata.. Portland, nd ulld. Or. .oturmt at tha poatnfrlce at FortUnd. Or.. fo traiuuBlMloa throagb J ataila a second - elaaa matter. TELEPHONES Main T1T8; Home A-0051. AU department readied by tUcaa number. Tall tna apratar what Cepartment too want. ORE1QM ADVEUTIMINO KEfi.ESENTATl VE , nnjamtn Kantnor Co., Bromwtck Bids., 21 rift ., New Xork, 1218 Peopla'a Ua Bid., blrfo. subscription terms tiy raall or t any ad cxtaa ltt tba Coiled tVtata or Meslcof i 'I DAILY "!-,'.. Om rail $5,00 1 o&e BntB....... .80 ' SCNOAY . ' ' Oo jrar. ...... I2.&U One month....... DAILY AND SUNDAY Ona raar. ...... f 7.6 Ou month -oa We live In deeds, not years; . lnl thoughts, not breaths; in baart-tbroba, not in figures on a i dial. lie lives most who ; thinks most, feels noblest and . a?ts tha beat. Ballejfj A PITILESS PUBLICITY IlK Oregon' legislature is under I the glare, of a pitiless pub- 1 liclty - i , Its acts are under a scruti ny never before encountered by an Oregon . legislature. This inspec tion is by the newly retired gover nor of the state, whose keen vision of what is going on beneath! the surface In the daily, proceedings is a sure' guarantee that the full im port Df every Important bill will be made : perfectly plain through The-Journal to all the people. It is of especial value that both by endowment and experience former Governor West is signally capable , of . investigating and an alyzing pending legislation. Ex ample of this is his clear analysis in : today's. Journal of proposed changes in the compensation law. A lawyer, an honest man, a former state land agent, a former railroad Commissioner, and a former gov ernor: of the state, and above tl, a man of the keenest percepticfi and deep penetration, ex-Governor West has a far broader knowledge and - better-equipment for a com prehension of legislation and its effect: upon the state and state con ditions than any man in either house at Salem.' As; the session wears on, there will be a high-minded and intel ligent dissection of all important measures offered for passage What the big bills mean, especial ly what the big bad bills mean, will be made perfectly clear to every body and ' the legislators them selves will be put under the necessity- for once of doing their work under the bright .light and in the full view of an onlooking public. The West articles are already challenging wide attention, and It la an attention that will be broad ly , extended as the work of the 'session approaches the serious and critical stages.' A COMPARISON THE epidemic of foot and .mouth disease nas caused the Chicago Journal to , do a lit tle' figuring. . It says the ap- . rirnjtlmnfo value nf ' IIHnnlo Km stock is $435,276,000, for the pro tection of which the legislature ap propriated for the year 1914 a total of $37,3 40. By 'wav of comnarison. it. la stated that the appropriation for the protection of fish and game for toe same period amounted to $151,600. The Chicago paper 'Intolerable, saying: To spend four times as much 'money protecting quail, ducks and . prairie ciiicaens as we snena in car- . tho state is sheer communal lunacy. The Journal of the American Medical Association agrees with its Chicago contemporary and declares oi. iiunois snouia see to it mat . every cent necessary to protect the . ttate's livestock is provided, no !; matter what economies' may be necessary in other directions. '. ' T . . At.. , f , J , . . . um lug uicuitu jum Ulll HBH8, 11 ucn appropriations are necessary for the protection of animals, how much, should be appropriated to ; protect the lives and health of men, " rAtM a ' a i A ah II ham ',m a . a . m , W UlilCU BUU LailUl Cll. Ul L1IH IS I MI H f - Certainly more than for fish, game and livestock. Yet the 1914 ap- - proprlation for ., the protection of ? nearly! 6.000.0QQ human Meings was only $120,000, or $31,600 less . than. was spent In behalf of fish and, game. 1 Of course the comparison is not exactly fair, but it has value. More i thinking and more talking on such lines wfll eventually convince legis latures that ? the Uvea of a state's " citizens are fully as valuable as the lives of its beasts, birds and : fiab.f THE .WpMJEX'S PROTEST BILL In the senate proposes the merging of the Industrial Welfare Commission with the Compensation Commission. The two commissions have no more, in common tnaa ao fisheries would; practically end the useful ness and ' In effect undo all that has been done by the Malarkey 1 minimum wage law. ' If the legislature Intends to kill , the Industrial Welfare Commission , and its work. It should do It In ; the open and courageously, it ought (not to take a round-about . way '. and . chloroform . It on , a false pretext. If It doesn't want a rea , sonable regulation of the minimum , wages : and working hocrs of. girls v In -the shops and. industries,' it should boldlv say so; and let the A WHAT FOR AND, . By Wood row B' ZTOBS X close may X say a Xnr word upon two topics, much discussed out of doors, upon which It is Uglily important till juagmeuT should ie clear, definite and steadfast? - , . , One of tluaa ii economy in rorernment expenditures. Tha duty of economy fs mot debatable. Xt Is manifest and imperative, la tba ap propriations wa pass wo are spending tba money of tba great people wbosa servants wo are not our own. Wo are trustees and raspouslbla steward la tbev spending-. The only thing debatable and upon which, wo should Da careful to make ou thought and purpose clear Is the Had of economy demanded of us. I assart wits tho greatest confidence that -She people of the Waited States are a t Jealous of tho amount tbelr government costs If they are aura that they get what they need and deslra for tho outlay, that tha money Is being- spent for objects of which they approve and that it is being appUed with good business sense and management. ; vKr- - f ""' -"'-y,f- Governments grow, piecemeal, both la tha taskr and in the means by which those tasks are to be performed and: very few government are or ganised, X venture to say, as wlsa and experienced business men would or ganlxe them If they had a clean sheet of paper to write upon. Certainly the government of tho United States Is not. X think that it is generally agreed that there should bo a systematlo reorganizing and reassembling of Its parts so as to secure greater efficiency and effect considerable savings in expanse. But tha amount of money saved In that way would, X believe, though no doubt considerable 'la itself, running it may ho, into tha millions, ho rela tively email email, X mean in proportion to tho total necessary-outlays of tho government. It would be thoroughly worth effecting, as ovary, saving would, great or small. Our duty is not curtail the activities at fhlm nnmmnt! d itrovn! itself, there must come, of course, the sort of economy we ought to practice may be affected, and ought to be ef fected, by a careful study and assessment of tho tasks to be performed, and tho money spent ought to bo-made to yield the host possible returns in ef ficiency and achievement. And, like good stewards, wo should so account for very dollar of our appropriation so as to make it perfectly evident what it was spent for and in what way it was spent. It la expenditure for extravagance that we should fear being criticised for; not paying for tha legitimate enterprises and undertakings of a great government whoso people command what it should do, but adding what will benefit only a few or pouring money out for what need not have betfn under taken at ' all or might have been postponed or better and mora economically conceived and carried out. The nation is not . niggardly, it is very generous, xt will chide us duly if wo forget for what wo pay money out and for whom it is we pay. From tjie president' late mcafage. . No more perfect analysis of the issues of public expenditure can be found in any language. The president's dissection of the subject is a masterpiece. It is' a guide for state legislatures. It is t. chart for th federal congress. Oregon legislators can well afford to steer by it! The congress of the United States should apply its suggestions. . Thus, this country is now paying a war tax. It is a burden on uiany Institutions and individuals. It Is a tax made necessary because congress could not foresee that there was to be a great war that would cut down the customs receipts and create a .deficit. It is rather' an emergency measure created after the appropriation bills had been passed. , , . But congress has notice now that the war is on. It has advanced information that the customs receipts will be diminished, both by the lack of merchant ships and by the failure of Europe to produce sup plies that this country has for long years been accustomed to import. The president, iri gentle but irect statement, calls upon congress to cut expenditure to the minimum. It is the means by which congress will .be able to relieve the country of the war tax and remove that which in many duarters is now urged as a cause of complaint against the administration. " . It Is due the president and due congress itself that such a course be taken. No action would go farther In freeing the administration from a certain kind of criticism than would the cutting away of such wastes and leaks In expenditure as would keep the national outlay within the usual sources of; national revenue and permit abandonment wi, uie war tax. Nor does the duty of the congress or the lflfrisinriirea With signal clearness, the. president only if we forget for what we pay we pay." . The true ideal in public expenditure is to rememhr tha .. ,,mi fund is a trust fund, that it is drawn from the people who commit it to representatives In trust, to be spent for the benefit of all. In such a view, how important for those' in public life to ever search them selves with the query, "for what do we pay money out, and for whom it Is we pay?" . fight be a fair fight and the argu ments, honest arguments. The Malarkey law establishing the Industrial Welfare Commission is a measure that was enacted at the request of. the women of Ore gon. They originated the measure and went before the legislature to secure its passage. The LIU was introduced by Senator Malarkey, and it passed both houses at the 1913 session by unanimous vote. The members of the commission are Father O'Hara, Miss Bertha Moores and Amedee Smith. The work of the commission has been rational, conservative and discreet. The investigations and the experi ence of Its members, who represent respectively the employe, the em ployer and the public, give them a start for administering the law, far in advance of that with which a new and uninformed body could take up the function. The claim that efficiency wouldj be served by the proposed merger is bosh. The contrary would be true; " The claim that the mereer would lessen the cost is equally untenable, because the members of the commission under the Malarkey law serve without salary. The Journal questions the mo tive of' no person who is pushing the proposed merger, but it holds that the result may. In the end, ap proximate a repeal of the Malar key law. The women of the state are already beginning to protest, and they are fully Justified in do ing so, for the real issue is, not a matter of. efficiency or economy, but of whether or not the regula tion of- a minimum i wage and working hours of girls is to be abandoned. A LONG WAY TO GO A T A TIME when legislatures are in session and. the ques tion of taxation is uppermost In the public mind, the Liv ing Church, one of the leading pub lications of the Episcopal church comes forward with a criticism of the popular attitude on the sub ject and makes a plea that it be viewed in a "spiritual perspective." ; It says the taxing function of the; state should be . conceived as an opportunity for the performance of a religious duty, or better still the enjoyment of a spiritual privilege. In the language of the editor: "Our taxes to the state may be truly made a real sacrament to us if we use them aright. ' In them we may find room to deny ourselves, a road to - lead us daily nearer God." - : - 1 Tq paraphrase the words of a popular song "It is a long way to i the sacrament of .tax; paying; it is! a long way to go.": :, In a world that hides all its as sets as much as -possible; forgets WHOSE MONEY? Wilson. I altered by tho seals of tho saving. t)m kHi ra.ther. tA anlaro-a thm : 1 inevitable increase of onpense. Tho t - i - says the - people "will chide us money out, and for whom It is all Its income that ft can forget and depreciates the . value of Its real estate when the assessor comes around, it is difficult to get a "spiritual perspective" and' the ob taining of one is made still harder when the revenues are given over to extravagant legislature county Doaras and city councils.. " : "To find in the payment of taxes under these conditions a means of grace is truly a test of piety. A spiritual perspective can never be obtained until the system of tax- ation is made just and government expenditures are placed on a basis of disinterested service to the com munity as a whole. '' "i ' It Is a long. : a long .way to go. IiONG DISTANCE lUTJSIC HERE may cjme a time when we will be able to sit at the fireside and listen to an opera or a concert over th tele phone. It is claimed that a pho netic apparatus has been, perfected that will enable 5 us to do so. There may be some gain in this but on the other hand there will be a distinct, loss. Music Is some thing more than sound. There is the personality of the artist, that mysterious quality called tempera ment, which can not be conveyed by a wire. It Is unfair to a singer to be judged by tone alone. Canned music is a fine thing in the absence of any better, but It can never cupply the living, breath ing actuality In artl VODKA AND RUSSIA G' EORGE KENNAN, writing in tne outlook, discusses vodka and Russia. He shows that one of the by-products of 'war- has been immediate suppression of vodka. What was hoped to be ac complished in years came in days. When the war broke out the sale of vodka was stopped. There was nothing, nominal about the prohi bition it prohibited. The govern ment had control of the sources of supply as well as of the facilities tor distribution', and the czar's edict had immediate effect. Mr. Kennan says the per, capita consumption of alcohol is larger in other countries than it was fh Russia. But he explains that the j Russian could buy no less than a bottle at a time - and could not drink on : the premises where the purchase was made. So he houghf in quantities and took the ;vodka home ,to make short work of it. , -The Russian, says Mr. Kennan,, drank from a pint to a Quart when- t ever : he drank at all. He became drunk, and sooner or later, in one of his periodical, sprees, heat his wife, . sold his property, at half price, set -fire to an enemy's house or committed; some - crime which brought ' ruin .,. upon him and his ' family. This has been ended and. now even peasant families are mak- ing email sayings. In many .house-- holds long , accustomed . to poverty and strife there are peace! and quiet."" , ' -J L Going from homes to armies'. Me. Kennan, says it is probable that Russia's successes on the battle fields are due' largely to the fact i f hat Vn nfftnea or a mW on, t vuv s a a w v a o a, v w tj a clear-headed.' There is no ques tion about the tact that 'Russia's armies are showing an effective- ness not t shown " in former !cam- paigns. Reorganization of the military ; forces on an efficiency basis may be the explanation.! But Mr. Kennan may be right in as suming that.' the absence of vodka is ia contributing cause. IS THERE BRIDGE GRAFT? T ": IS understood that there Is some criticism of the work of State Highway Engineer Bowl- by. After reading his annual ffte Ut 'or pub that r"v" : " 3 . "- t t-i avk : n n ah l fi a sa A lnvt at vv- nnnr UllplC V.OUUU1U VjA A L1V1D111 CHXVlXfy some contractors and material men In a chapter devoted to county bridge construction. Mr. BowTby gives detailed figures showing' that bridge contractors have made a profit as high as 150 per cent in some instances. It. Is quite natural that they should object to supervision by the state highway .department. It is quite natural that they should prefer to sell steel at the rate of $184.72 per ton rati er'than at the rate of $65.50 per tonj It is quite natural that they should make a greater profit on wtjat Is known as stock bridges i rather than on a specially designel construction. . But how is it with the taxpay ers of the different counties? a. bridge built at Newberg by Marion and Yamhill: counties cost approximatefy $30,000 more than was' necessary even allowing a fair profit to the contractors, asserts Engineer Bowlby. He cites a number of other cases in proof of his claim of overcharge. To demonstrate the saving i that can be 4 made by having bridge, work ; done' under state supervision Mr. Bowlby compares the cost of a bridge 1 built in Yamhill coun ty without state supervision in the year 1911 and. one built in the sajne, county in 1914 under state supervision. The latter, which is longer, higher and of much heavier construction, capable of carrying twice the load of the. former, cost $1746 less. One of the principle materials' in a bridge is steel. To sho the great profit of contractors onjthis. Engineer Bowlby compares thejeost of steel for a bridge at Eugene with that for the Sandy Stiver bddge in Multnomah county. ' In the .former bridge, which; had nOi state supervision; the charge on 148. 6 tons of steel was at thai rate of $134.72 per ton. The mill price of steel at Pittsburg was $28 per ton. - : j In the Sandy River bridge there was 155 tons of steel. The price on;-this was $65.50 per ton.' f The mill price of steel at Pittsburg was $2jS per ton. The Sandy River bridge was constructed under the supervision of the state highway department, which explains j the great difference in the cost of steel. Engineer Bowlby'a report! ex plains the statement made by a bridge camp follower who said; "We are going to get Bowlby's goat." . WORK AND JUSTICE N EW YORK- is taking hojd of the unemployment problem in a large way. Therei are I sixty public improvements of ficially provided, for and the issu ance of bonds to pay for them has been authorized. The welfare ;com mittee of the Citizens' Union is urging that the improvements i be started without delay and Work given to the jobless! ; iudge Elbert H. Oary, head of the United States Steel Corporation, is lone of New York's responsible citizens who insist that It is the duty of a city, whenever possible, to (relieve distress by giving Jobs rather than charity. He maintains ' there is no justice more exact, no policy more promising, than giving men and women, a chance to ; earn what they eat, He says: . !is obvious to me, and ( must be svery practical thinker, that it be ., far ; better- to carry men ; and en through this ; winter on the roll than on the, relief roil. It onomical to take time and trouble nd or even to create, when prac ticable, employment of a really) pro ductive nature for every person wil ling to ;.work, for- such members of our. community as are not self, sup porting must be supported by the public, and public support of thei non productive Individual Is plain Waste. It really comes down to this: The mojre the community and the govern ment do toward furnishing work for the. workers, the more they are doing at ft the same time for themselves. Class lines tend to disappear tho mo- i men t, this is "realised.; y- .; , New York Is not only attempting; to provide jobs for the jobless that city has organized a central emr- geficy loan fund to relieve the euf- feting of those out: of work.) : Its chairman is George W. Perkins, and Albert H. Wiggin, president of the Chase .'National bank, is his as sistant." Loans are to be made on a man's urgent necessities and re payment will depend largely upon his character. , ,. ' j- Efforts now beins made in New York and other cities will not re sult 4 In . solving the unemployment problem, but they are evidence that men of; note -have . at . last recog nized the existence of such a prob lem. " " . -:-- WAR AND REACTION From the Boston Globe, -Historical parallels are apt to be a I of dubious value.1 Philosophic high brows assure us of the unity f his tory.w Human nature ia ' everywhere and always , the same, they - say, and like causes produce like effects. Pos sibly, t But in this Jungle of a world there are- two situations, two crises, ever exactly" tha same? ' The question has been asked wheth er tho present European convulsion j will be followed, as the convulsion be- tuuiuig iu iioi uiu jaBiing- unui loia was followed by a period of reaction, tynanny, repression, intolerance, or whether political, economic and social democracy has acquired such momen tum In the past century that even a temporary return to the dark ages is impossible.,;.; irr- The wise man will not prophesy or dogmatize. He may, however, compare. The throes and pangs of travail with which Europe was torn for 26 yearn had their origin in the struggles of the under-dog- in. France. He wanted a bone and his place in the sun. Rous seau's electrifying sentence, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains," had penetrated and thrilled the French mind. That is one reason why tyrants" have hated Rousseau's memory. 1 The French revolution and the wars it provoked. Napoleon and the wars he provoked, though their . Immediate causes may' have been very different. all sprang originally from the seed planted in fertile soil by Rousseau and tne French Liberals. Blind and con fused and mixed as were the motives, and manifold as were the cross-currents, In that f fearful quarter of a century from- 1789 to X816, the strug gle was in reality a mighty effort -to break the chains which absolutism and privilege had forged., - v' And on the continent, if not in Eng land, absolutism won. The strength of the under dog seemed spent. His masters had him by the throat and held him for 33 years longer, or until me revuiuuun.cn mj, rnose were halcyon times i for the reactionaries, especially in Austria, . Germany and Russia. Autocracy was the god, and Prince Metternich was his prophet the most sinister influence of modern times. :- , . . I As masterful , as- f Hildebrand, as shrewd and calculating as Machia velli, as bold as Napoleon, as smooth and slippery and subtle as Talley rand, as polished, adroit, plausible and resourceful as Satan himself, Metter nich stood at the head of continental politics in Europe for 30 years, and succeeded in crushing almost every national or liberal movement. with the. aid of the congress , of Vienna, held in 1815 to sttl tho at fairs of Europe, and with the aid of suDsequent congresses, which merely ratified Metternich's decisions, and with, of course, the hearty, approval of the rulers and the aristocracy and the clergy, he held Europe in bondage. lie naa a logical ana consistent me dieval mind. He detested tho French revolution, its excesses and. the dev astating wars that grew out of it. He saw only evil ' in the great changes lamng piace.- tie Doasted that the reasoning of the French philosophers naa lert nis stancn old opinions un touched. He believed -In the divine right of kings. He held that men had no natural right to govern themselves or to decide upon their religious be liefs. All talk about constitutions and representative government he consid ered highly dangerous. He set , back the hands on the European clock a full half century. He abhorred inno vation. He throttled education in Austria. He applied a ruthless cen Borsbip to newspapers, books, thea tres. His spies were everywhere. Austria stagnated. His motto was: covern, and change nothing." He sought, with, partial success, to . ex tend his "system" throughout Europe and even to - the New World. His threats and the threats of his friends and backers led to the formulation of our Monroe doctrine, in 1823. e Sucl until. In 1848, the infuriated people arose and stoned his house 'and broke into the royal palace and de manded his dismissal and he fled to England such was the power of Clement Wencelaus Nepomuk Lothairc, Prince of Metternlch-Winneburg-Och- senhausen, prime minister of Austria, over . the . earthly destinies of more than 100,000,000 souls. i In his efforts to stifle the fires of revolution he made use of that queer and altogether unique device, con ceived in the brain of Czar Alexander I, and known las tho Holy Alliance. It was accepted by the Austrian em peror, who took It seriously, and by the Prussian king. The Irony of the document lay in the fact that all tbred signers were narrow-minded, llleberal despots. By the terms of this singu lar agreement the three monarchs bound themselves to be guided in the mutual relations of their states with one another solely by the "subline truths which are taught by the eter nal religion off God ouf Savior." Diplomats regarded the matter as more or less of a joke. Metternich declared that the pious treaty was a mess of "verbiage. Castlereagh, the British foreign! secretary, said it was "a piece of sublime mysticism and nonsense." 1 In fact, Alexander's well-meant league amounted, to nothing. It was not. - as haa of tan', been said, - a con spiracy of despotic rulers to repress all liberal movements, for it contained no allusion to f the danger of revolu tion, but tho name, "Holy Alliance," came to be applied by reformers to subsequent agreements and organiza tions of the powers, not to promote Christian charity, but to fight reform under the worldly guidance of Met ternich. Things went! swimmingly for reac tion until France deposed the Bour bons and established a liberal govern ment in 1830. Belgium threw off the Dutch yoke and. became an - lndepen dent state the' next year." Germany, Austria and even Russia were fer menting, and finally, by 1848, in every European state liberal parties had come into existence, promoting the cause of popular government, a free press, -equalityi of all before the law and the abolition of tho last vestiges of feudalism. The eruption off 1798 was from be low. It was the revolt of the people against their rulers. The eruption of 1914 seems to have come largely from above. At least tho rulers might have averted it- - j .. . .- Years must elapse before we shall know whether I world-wide '.democracy will follow this war, or whether its net result will be a tightening of tbe chains by which autocracy, despotism and militarism . have held European mankind. . . '. .- Will a Metternich arise in Europe after the war and take advantage of the exhaustion anrl depression to impose his will and the will of autocrats upon an exhausted humanity? Or will tho peoples get the governments into their own hands? s;-.V..-;ib;1';;-j . These questions interest Americans scarcely less ? than - Europeans, and the attitude of America toward them will have a profound influence in their settlement. - . IN SCHOOL DAYS By John Greenleaf Whittier; STILL sits the school house by the road, A ragged beggar sunning; Around' it still the sumachs grow, : And blackberry vines are running. Within, the master's desk is seen, - -Deep scarred by raps, official; The warping floor,, the battered seats, The jack-knife's carved initial. . The charcoal frescos on its wall; Its door's worn sill, betraying ; The feet that, creeping slow to school .Went storming out to playing t Long years ago a winter sun - Shone over it at setting; Lit up its western window panes, And low eves' icy fretting. It touched the tangled golden curls, And brown eyes full of grieving. Of one who still her steps delayed When all the school were leaving. FOr near her stood the little boy ' Her childish favor singled; His cap pulled low upon a face Where pride and shame were mingled Pushing with' restless feet the snow i To right and left, he lingered- As restlessly her tiny hands The blue checked apron fingered. He saw her lift her eyes; he felt The soft hand's light caressing, And heard the trembling of her voice, As if a fault confessing. "I'm sorry that I spelt the word: 1'hate to go above you, Because" the brown eyes lower fell "Because, you see, 1 love youl" : . Still memory to a gray haired man That sweet child-face is showing, Dear girlt the grasses on her grave Have forty years been growingl He lives to learn, in life's hard school, . How few who pass above him v Lament their triumph and his loss,. Like her because they love him. DOUBTS ABOUT From the Literary Digest 1 The sultan's proclamation of a holy war, in which all good Mussulmans are to join against the allies, does not seem to have caused the anticipated dismay among the ranks of the latter. A London correspondent of tho New York Tribune sees "no indications that the proclamation is effective outside the actual dominions of the sultan." He does not believe that .either in In dia or Egypt has the proclamation been "anything but a Platonic pro nouncement." Indeed, "it seems to have had more effect in those regions of northern Africa with which France ia concerned, while two of the neutral nations, Italy and Spain, appear to be much more alarmed by it than any of the belligerent allies. In Englandr wo are told, the proclamation is not taken very seriously. The London Nation informs its readers the Calif is not an elected Pope or "a Lama sanctified by hirth." He is. simply "the Moslem chief who holds the road to Mekka," and if the arrnies of the Turkish sul tan "can not do this for him, he has ceased automatically to be Calif." The Ottoman empire, tho Nation says, might lose Constantinople and . "remain the first power in the Moslem world." but 'If it lost Arabia it would lose all claim to the veneration and obedience of Moslems beyond the borders." It continues: - "Th idea that this might be 4 a salutary thing to bring about has haunted the Imagination of some schools Of Anglo-Indian officials for more than a ' generation. It may ex plain the rather intimate relations which we have always kept up, for no other obvious reason, with some semi independent Arab chiefs. Friends of Islam, like Mr. Wilfrid Blunt, have advocated it. "Today there are signs that it is among the possibilities of this shatter ing war. An oddly worded official communication has declared this week that we shall not pursue military oper ations in Arabia, save for the purpose of assisting the Arabs to free them selves from Turkish oppression. If any Arab chief and most of them claim to be of the lineage of the Pro- met one or the inveterate rebels or he Yemen, for example, should man age, with some aid from us, to make himself master of the holy places, the problem of the Califate would be solved,. "There is something to appeal to the romantic imagination in the notion of a military stroke which would alter at one blow the spiritual allegiance of millions of men." In this - contingency, England, of course, would lose nothing, and would BUT THE WORLD By Dr. Frank Crane. (Copyright, ll, by Frank Crane. -Centuries ago the Hebrew prophets spoke - of the era when men should beat their swords into ploughshares, when war should cease 'and none should any more hurt or destroy; but the world was not ready. i "About two thousand years ago the angels broke through tho sky and an nounced "Peace o.-v earth and good-will toward men;' but the world was not ready. - i When Dante was a boy, Pierre du Bois, a young lawyer of Constances, In Normandy, proposed a congress of princes which should organize an in ternational court of arbitration;, but the world was not ready. Dante presented in Lia "De Monar chic." the idea of peace through world empire and an international organiza tion; but the world was not ready. In 1624 a Frenchman, r.amed Emeric Cruee " wrote a book, "The New Cy neas," in which for the first time in the world was developed the Thought of a regular system of arbitration; but the World was not ready. Henry IV. of France conceived what he called The Great Design. It was no less than a proposal to organize the world by a federation of the nations, and to substitute processes of law for the' existing custom of war; but the world was not ready. Hugo Grotius wrote "The Rights of War and Peace," .the most monumen tal work of Its kind; he endeavored to inject some reason and humanity into organized patriotic butchery; but th world was not ready. About the same time George Fox in England, wearing a leather suit, preached woe to war'; he and h's fellow "Quakers' refused to fight; they were out and out Christians; but they., were persecuted with bitter malignity; , for tho world was not ready. i Another Quaker, William Penn, not only founded the jsole American colony that got along peaceably with the Indians, because he did not approach them as a bully, but also, in his "Present and Future Peace of Europe" advocated a General diet of Nations; but tho world was not ready. -; . Immanuel Kant, one of the worM'd greatest minds, declared In his essay on "Eternal ' Peace" that there e.n THE HOLY WAR perhaps emerge the stronger with her Mohammedan .dependencies through her protection extended to the new master of the holy cities. And the Aga Khan, whose word in religious things is law to millions of Moham medans in India and elsewhere, does not seem to favor the idea of a "holy war made in Germany, or for Ger nunr. TTrnm hi m.iuir. tsir.n h.. me new rone Kvenine Fait rrom th Calcutta Englishman, we quote as fol lows: i . "If Germany succeeds, which Hea ven forbid. Turkev will become onlv a vassal of Germany, and the kaiser's res ident will be the rear ruler of Turkey, and will control the holy cities. No islamic interest was threatened in thla wur anH ni ii.ini urn. in peril, nor -was Turkev In neril. for thit nusn and Russian empires and the . w r v f y repuuiic .aa Boiemmy o.iierea V n rllQranTAA m I D aalfniHaai I r r;' . " r.""..'"? remained at peace. W . ----- -- " "Turkey was the trustee of Islam, and the whole world was content to let her hold our holv cities in her ken. t IkT ... a v. a m t i -t , ' trSusly shown herself a tool In TGer - a laa v J. 0 O llVk VitAJT 1 UlUfU rro 1 1 n ii v nun inir hat nnaifiAn nr trustee oi isiam ana evil win overtake '.uicy nan. ircrn. pernuaaea : m nraw tne sword in an unholy cause, irom wnicn sire rouia oe nut ruined. whatever elxa hannpni-il and ih, will lOBe ner position as a great nation, for ui.ii luiBiny BUYtrriRus an me mnK- Sr.Y" m"lJT2u,?'B'Y9. oe - firhtinir ny wierr " mui a bv v ciau m i r-SLXAjr t not gone to war for the cause of Islam ni Tfr t h A A Afjbrt R n't inHonanrlanna J'"? "".r0,"1 ?uif..a"..afoslem ",w. " tu it3AXi2i.iii luvai. i alalia hi. n nn nnwi aht t A' j -.r..ir .r' ': ance. " Several - editors remind us that the schism in Islam would Injure the ef fectiveness of a .holy war. Says tho Churchman (Protestant Episcopal, New York), for instance: ; "Islam is divided lnio two great and hostile camps the Bhiahs and the Sunnites. So strong -is the religious prejudice between these two sects tbat one branch of Mohammedans would not for a moment consider taking up arms in behalf of tbe other.., .The quarrel chiefly concerns the question of the legitimate descendants of the Prophet," and the feeling is almost ait Intense as between Christians and Jews. The great hero of the Shlaha is All. and be is regarded by the. Hunnites with as much affection as the Scotch CameronJans look upon the pope. To get tho opposing; factions to act to gether would require a miracle similar to those recorded of Mohammed in the Koran." WAS NOT READY 1 1 never be permanent peace until tbe world is organized; but tho world was not ready. - It was Noah Worcester and Wllllaia Ellery Channlng .who started the Massachusetts Peace society; they thought matters out to the same con clusionworld federation; but tho world was not ready. In August, 1898, tho Czar of - Russia called a conference to consider the limitation of armaments; in 1889 Wil liam Randall Cremer a member of tbe English parliament, founded tho In terparliamentary union, so that ' the lawmakers and not the gunroakers might settle international questions; but the world was not ready. neason, common sense, commerce, all forms of industry, the maaa tne ceoole. elementkrv fuatlrra mrf religion of Jesus Christ, all unito to- oay in urging the United States gov ernment to begin the Federation of the World; must it forever be sail that the world is not ready? Worrtf Federation is no new thing. It is as old ae the dreams of men. We have dreamed enough. ; Let us. bring it to pass! i - '( .. Sllnce fie In the Trenches. From' tho- Philadelphia Ledger, lsh soldiers in Flanders carried a present' of mince pie to their foes in the : German trenches, an act which was later reciprocated by Teutonic courtesies. Similar exchanges of hos pitality have been reported from Galicia and other fields of action Such incidents only go to show that warfare is not the hostility of man to man, but an affair of nations in which racial or territorial or imperial- j istic ambitions are the precipitating causes. It is Impossible for men to : hate other men whom they have never j seen.- Warfare Is an artificial bar barity in which the essential elements of - humanity are ' 'violated and out raged. - Just in proportion -as govern ments become humanized and demo cratized do the chances .of war de crease; It is the aristocracies, the . autocracies and the bureaucracies that 1 give, occasion for international strife. A referendum on whether a particular conflict should be waged might well It-ad to avoidance of wars. .. nr ZAMVX CATS By Trad LockUy, BpaeUl Itaff Writer a Tha JaoraaL' ' "While we were out looking--for a route from Port Orf ord ; to -.connect with the main road from ' Oregon to California in the summer of 1852; tho Indiana stole Lieutenant, Williamson male-and two of our horses." said William 1L Pack wood, one of tho first settlers in Coos county and now liv ing at Baker. "Lieutenant Stanton de cided to abandon the aeareh for a rtni. J able route back from the coast tem porarily and punish the Indians. W came to the Indian village at the big Df na orj the itogue river. When tho Indians jsaw us. most of them too to their! canoes and started down tho river. The rest of tho Indians hid in the brush by the river bank, command inar the l river, so thev could "nhoot ui as we crossed. Two Indian canoes were tied to the bank, and as tho river was deep and the current swift. Lieu tenant Stanton decided to secure thes? canoes to cross hts .men in, to attack tho. Indian village. He called for vol unteers to swim the river and get tat canoes. "Two men stepped out One of them was Byron N. Dawes, a Massachusetts man, who prided himself upon having a trace of Indian blood and upon being a relative of United States Senator Er.wes of Massachusetts. In the three years of our service, Dawes was. never known to have had a personal diffi culty, lie was considered -a coward, aa be had received many insults 'without resenting them. He was one of two to volunteer to do a very dangerous feat swim Rogue river 'and capture a canoe and bring it across the river by swimming on his side in such a waV tbat the current would drive the canoe across. He knew, too, that tho brush on the bank of tho river .was full of Indians with bows and arrows, in easy range. Marlon" Dildine of Tennessee was the other volunteer. Tho Indiana in tho brush- across tho river were about 20 feet higher than we were on the brushy bar opposite them. As soon as Dawes and Dildine were ready, the lieutenant had the men act as skir mishers on the bar. He ordered us to tell off, that la, to call numbers. It was 1, 2, S, 4, and fire by jnumbers. That would bo 1 and 3 first and 2 and 4, second, so as to keep up. steady fire. Our guns were musketoons, carrying- an ounce ball and throe buck shot They were short guna for cav airy service, and had a return or swivel rammer. In this way, as soon js 1 atid 3 fired their pieces, they lm meOiately began to load; while they were loading, 2 and 4 fired. They were to keep thla up until the order to cease firing was given. All being readv. Dawes and Dildine mace a run from the bar to the river and alvea. They swam under water as far as they could and came ud only when forced to uu so w sci uieir uixnui, uu and in this wav crossed the river, and each secured one of tne canoes. . TBI Indians in the brush let fly a largo number of arrows at them, but the flra of our men from the bar into the brush lcent tha Indians baK from tne front of tha river bank, and as tne i crnioci were tied under a bank 20 Of mor feet hlch. thev had a Door show , - m --- ! to hit our men while they were cutting th rHnoa loose. The firinsr from the br was keot un until the men with the i I l .IJ. canoes were safe back on our side. Had thv hn hit with an arrow It would hava been about one chance in 100 tht thev would not have drowned, as I theff canyon i with dangerous " i rnn u. airr waa nitrn. a 1 1 1 iiimi aai x cun irfri it a brave act. andl never i hurd Dawes couraare aueStlOfied 'alter ,wQ . ... - ( - I "Two loadn of men were Sent Over the river in tbe canoes. Tha flrlnsr a skirmishers continued while we were 1 croaainsr. Thev soon had tue brush ctrared nf Indian, and et flra to somr , -a. turned to the north side. ; These rIn ' a. j k. a aft.... k.AA tv accurate shots with their bow. and . nrrou . We learned later that 16 were Kiiii'ii. i lie niiHHtH vr .mm wci o oiu to have from 300 to 400 Indians. "After the Indiana were cleared out w camned back or tne nar. in - mm ls-a of tho timber. Abbott and I were sergeants of the auurd. We had 12 mn on sruard. for our horses and mules had to be sruarded. as wen as the c&noe we had captured. We. sta- tlanfA FrlMlman. tbe only jew in our rnmnanv. aa a-uard over tne canoes Abbott had lust relieved me. I was lying down, intending to try and sleep nmr. when ban r went a shot down at tho ranoes. then a second shot. Wo knew Fritz Friedman was In trouble. Ahhntt took several men and ran to tli river, to the canoes.. FritZle-WaS nn bia noat. bv a biff rock, and the niinM mr Mr. I-Tltl had KCD an Indian awiminlnar across the river to get the canoes, lie snot at mm, reioao a I a rA -hot a aerond time, but in . his evcitment be failed to return ram . .hm kt a m fA of t ha Tnnlan When Abbott got down to tho canoes i hat fniinrt Vrita all riKhT. except n was mlnna hia ramrod, and was Unable 10 load hia anin. I saw Friedman, in the alxtlaai. keaolnar a butcher shoo in Portland. rt mar seem, at this day. that the lieutenant was hastv and had little cause for attacking these Indians. They had no doubt stolen our mule and the) had stolen two of oar horses.- They wr bed Indians and would, have killed white men if the opportunity had presented itself, and as 'bad In diana the lieutenant chastised them on general principles. I do not believe any account of this Indian fia-ht has ever found its war into nrint -The next dav we started back to Coauille river. As we marched wa heard tbe mournful cries of the I Indian women on tne mountain Dactc of their villa ee. wallinr for their dead I felt sorry for them. The trouoie waa brmierht on all of - them by a few thieves and bad men of their tribe," We'd Give Them Joyfully. " " From the Houston Post Eueboe continues to call upon us for doctors and nurses ' and we are re- anondina- as well as we can. But what we anouid like to Know is. can t our belliaerent friends over there find some use for our politicians? -:. Easily Satisfied. . From the Houston Post But I haven't enough work to keep an able-bodied man like, you busy." "Oh, I shan't mind that." t The Woman's Page The Journal, each evening pre senta" a. number of striking - features,. Many of them are - of exclusive interest to wom en; others -are of general j appeal. -. They all are worth while. Cul tlvate this daily : feature page;' you will find It profit - able.