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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 12, 1915)
THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, . TUESDAY EVENING, - JANUARY r 12, 1915. THE JOURNAL AM IKDEPEVDIWT IIIWAPAPE C. . JACRAON. ...... ..Publisher l'nbilbed mlD (except Sundrr! i 5ry irtiinilay nornlng .t The Journal Bu 5 fur, Broadway sort Yamhill ts., Portland, and fid. Or. K.rrl rt the poatotflcs st Portland, Or. foe ', tmumlloa Uirotigb ih malU accoDd claaa natter. TiXEl'HOMi.i Mala 7173; Home A-0S1. All ; departments rraehHI hj torn onmMn. Tell tba nriinf what ijypartnwnt " fm want, . SiitoSiSSi! ! I f ' V;' ' ..... -..., . - . .TSTitoZMiSitoi JPM1' h s Bo 1 -.7 t'NiAr ; On ; ' I DAILY AND SUNDAY; 0n year,. 37.60 I Ot.s month . 'f i 'Experience serves to prove that tha worth and strength of :a state depend far lee upon the form of .'its Institutions than upon the character of Its ! men; for the nation la only the aggregate of individual con editions, and civilization Itself la but a question of personal - improvement. S. Smiles. ;-l . ; is THE WEST MESSAGE AtUABLB suggestions are made by Governor West in Us i message to the legis lature. ' ; Discussing the cost of govern rhent the retiring governor makes a . pertinent suggestion to the ef fect that economy should not be nrmfinbri tn thf, stat government hnf Viu7l Via nnnltprl flnr down the llie, in county, city, road and .school district. An achievement during the past few years worthy of special com ment s the divorcement of state institutions from politics, and the establishment of a humane prison polfcy. ' '. . Among the recommendations for future legislation are tne abolishment of the fish and game - commission, the desert land board, I stallloii registration board, state horticultural society and pilot commission. ; One of . the most notable fea tures bf Governor West's adminls tratloii was his law enforcement policy.; Under this head he says the greatest danger to the prohi bition; cause comes after election, and that the temperance i fight is notet won. If prohibition is to be made . effective, he continues, vue cuumuuuuuai . ouicuuiucui must De supplemented oy buck legislation as will give the gov ernor of the state an effective means of enforcing the law. '. In the enforcement of Jaws in general lie guys: K Among other things the governor should be given, free from any red tape restrictions, the power j to re- nA VnA flrmrtinr numneanra ta riln- trict -. attorneys, snerurs ana con- taDies wnora ne may una remains or falling to enforce the law or otherwise perform, the duties ' of their office. The governor should be given t.ne power to can upon tne atior . ney general for assistance in all matters sertatninc to law enforce ment' and to this end the luuida of ' said Official should be strengthened. The attorney general should be 'given general supervision over the offices of the several district attorneys and ,tne power to aireci tneir activities when the occasion so demands. f ' TTI A A. 1 A. : M nun (ne auousumem oi capi tal: punishment additional jrestrlc- rTi a o V rMi 1 rl ha trmnurn arnnnrl Ha pardoning power of the governor, says the retiring governor J . In the solution of the unem ployment question he recommends rai.a ui 10 11 ill c 1.1 K. VL a DCcLtt? 31U- ployment bureau, with power to regulate private agencies and co operate with municipal bureaus. In conclusion 5 he reminds the legislature tnat tne time for carry ing out the promise of retrench nrent and lightening the burden of the taxpayer Is at . hand and asks that appropriations be held to the lowest level consistent with cood business ' and that everv use- . less board and commission be abolished. He especially suggests " tha the governor be given the right to veto single Items in the general appropriation bill, j . While the message Is long it is interesting and full of sug gestions that throw light i on af fairs of state and point to a con tinuation of good results that may be achieved. LUMBERMEN'S TROUBLES I1 'ANT things are troubling Oregon lumbermen, i At the lumbermen's dinner in Port land Saturday nleht. O. M: Clark stated that his firm closed a contract for delivery of 500,000 feet of lumber to a Philadelphia -buyer. Transportation could not be obtained. Shins in tha trA betweet. Portland and the Atlantic ports refused to caijry the shipment to Philadelphia because they pre- f tr Oal 1 tha liitnKA tk.M.i abd make a profit in addition to the. regular freight charges ,CSo the delivery could not be v made.. Mr. Clark'B firm thereupon for a small commission, trans- A 1 All A a . . J lerreu ma cupiraci io iiODert Dol lar,; a San Francisco ship owner who purchased the lumber 'In Brit ish V Columbia and used it to. fill the Philadelphia order. f ' 'A thing that contributes to the power of the ship owners who thus y refuse to deliver Portland cargoes - In Atlantic ports is that none but 'American-built ships can engage In domestic . trade. The amend ment last fall to the navigation law admitting foreign-built ships to American registry did not In clude an 'admission of such vessels to the domestic trade but restricted them to purely foreign business.' There could be no stronger argu ment for President Wilson's plan OSWALD H' ISTORY will applaud the administration of retiring Governor -West. - . . ,; : It was a dynamic administration by ' a human dynamo. It . was an administration carried m with restless energy and an honesty never questioned. It was an administration in which the leader walked In advance. He led ' hia people, and most of them followed." He dodged nothing, sidestepped nothing. Her met every . issue point blank, and took one fdllA nr tha nthnr , , Kohndv hsrl trniihla in Mndinar Wm or whern ha tood. It was an administration was animated, . and aggressive. . 5. T, A.- tm. K A m av - hui9 m uwD , iu ui Standing out in bold, relief was constructive endeavor. project, proposed by him, and largely is example of bla public purpose. It The community, the homes, the thrifty families that are to find sur- M vival on .that project will ever bo a monument to the West adminis tration. . ' Akin to it was a careful euardianshin of th state's Mzbts in jail public resources, the fight for preservation, of school lands and j the advancement of their prices, the plan tor exchanging with the j federal government scattered school lands for a grouped district, the reorganization of the prison on a basis In which every inmate has I work for which his experience has especially fitted him, the abolition of the printing graft, the introduction of the budget system, the re j shaping of the policies in elemoeynary institutions, the directing of ! public attention to conservation for the benefit of the people of all public lands, and- tne return to the public Of the Jefferson street levee at Portland, and the accomplishment of many kindred reforms, brought about by almost sleepless vigil and tirelesaJenergy. In all these things, there was a .constant and ever guiding thought of the welfare of the publid and concern for the future of the com monwealth. In only four short years, and under the most discourag ing influences of opposition and. criticism, these great things were brought about, and they, are things for which the clear light of time and impartial Justice will give Oswald West a rich heritage of credit and honor. ' Even those who have opposed him will, in time, soften in their views and give him justiee that he has so honorably won. An even greater achievement is the quickening of the civic and moral pulse of the . commonwealth. Law means far more in Oregon than it meant before Oswald West took office. No state ever had so vivid and so profund an exemplification of the authority of law as Governor West has given it. There was no community so remote as to be beyond the power of the law. If civil officers were unwilling or unable to restrain lawlessness, Governor West found a way to uphold authority. - Copperfleld with its saloonmen administering the law as officials td suit themselves, (though the community was small, was a mighty episode in Its moral force, and, more than anything else, aroused the public conscience iato quickened and powerful action. It was an episode that some sought to treat with derision and that many looked upon with disfavor, but it was freighted with big consequences as a warning to. civil thought. Bound by his oath to Governor West vindicated that oath by keeping the faith, and it will in Just men's minds, stand to his credit as long as -the annals of his ad ministration are told. . It was an administration with a heartbeat. None was so poor as to be denied a hearing. Every measure that promised succor td the down-and-out had his undivided support. Pensions for widows, minimum wage for working women, compensation for the dependents of maimed and slain workers, help for average men wherever and whenever it could be lawfully applied, justice for every man whether weak or strong these were conspicuous facts in an adminis tration that knew no rest, asked no quarter, played no favorites, dodged ,no duty. It was an administration that mo myoei, mat ran ixs lengin tnat enaea'with a powerful demand In behalf of those who must bear the" public burdens. His vetoes saved the taxpayers at the first legislative session in his term nearly $700,000, and directly and Indi rectly, they effected a vast saving at the 1913 session. More than any other influence, the great fight of Governor West against the extravagance of the 1913 session, by the public notice it attracted, has contribuated to the present mood of the gathered legislators for economy. The West administration is not ended. Its Influence will long live. Its impress upon public life is deep. Other times and other men will know Its virtues. . Tirne that scars us, maims fair and full. In the present crisis, for. the gov ernment to purchase and operate ships, the effect of which will be such a regulation of our mer chant marine as to give our grain, fruits, lumber and merchandise a chance for delivery to markets where they are wanted. Other serious embarrassments to the lumber business according to the lumbermen themselves, are the over supply of mills, the Inroads made on use of lumber by the de velpoment and use or cement, and worst of all the folly of great flo tations of bonds on timber hold ings. i L The bond issues are one ol the chief sources of embarrassment. The interest has to be met, and in a distressing effort to meet it, mills keep on cutting timber in spite of the bversupply of lumber. Bond interest is eating the heart out of the timber itself and para lyzing the lumber industry. , It is a fortunate thing that the forest reserves were created, else the wrecking Influence of the' bond flotations would be adding to the timber destruction and the market demoralization in a distracting ef fort to meet interest payments. SALVAGING CHILDHOOD J OE1 D. HUNTER, official dis tributor of mothers' pensions in Cook county, Illinois, has reported on the law's opera tion. Chicago is in Cook county, and for that reason Mr. Hunter's statement that pensions for moth ers have reduced juvenile crime is especially significant to residents of the larger cities. Before the pension law wasen acted in Illinois, 280 children out of a group of 2000 whose fathers were dead and mothers in need, were taken into the Chicago ju venile court charged with crime. Since the pension law has been in operation, only eight out of 2000 children whose mothers were re ceiving pensions the same kind of a grouphave been brought into court bo charged. A proportion of eight to 280 is conclusive argument in behalf of a policy seeking to emancipate mothers .from handicaps upon motherhood. It is the greatest re duction in crime ,ver known by the operation of a single law. Chi cago's investment !n mothers' "pen sions has returned dividends here tofore . unheard of and, wtiat is even still better, the profits are in salvaged childhood. . Mr. . Hnnter'8 Investigators re ported that more than half the pensioned mothers moved into bet ter neighborhoods, taking their children away from temptations to .which childhood should not be sub jected. All the mothers stayed at WEST - with a .decided individuality. It , . uit k.l.A It,. ..mn.tiv.alfli rut vaiuo iu tun tuuxuivuncaikiif The JTumalo directed by him in construction, Is a work of true statesmanship. officers and as f ood for moral enforce the law as it was written opened with an appeal for Justice in a can for retrenchment and and mars us," makes Its Judgments home and gave their own offspring the benefits of motherhood, rather than washing the clothers of other mothers' children and cleaning the houses of other children's mothers. CONTRABAND SHIPMENTS T HE attention of exporters has been called to the Import ance of having foreign ship ping manifests complete and accurate. The federal government Is doing its utmost to save Ameri ca's neutral commerce from delay in transit,- but these efforts have been hampered by British asser tions that manifests have been in complete and there has been an effort 'to- conceal contrabend in non-contraband cargoes. In a letter to exporters the departments of state and commerce say that even a few cases of that kind may throw suspicion upon other American commerce" and through delay work Injury to our foreign trade, it is pointed out that while shipowners who know ingly become parties to such tran sactions may be liable to shippers who unjustly suffer, yet this letral pliability is not sufficient protection ior it noes not safeguard other shippers who suffer inconvenience and loss because of those who in accurately describe or conceal the character of their shipments. There is an obligation resting upon exporters to do their utmost to promote American commerce as a whole. Contraband concealed in non-contraband cargoes may bring a temporary advantage to the in dividual, but; such a practice is cer tain to work, hardship upon the country as a whole, including the persons who seek markets by stealth. The government is making every practicable effort to secure the fun interrupted flow of American com merce and to "reduce to a mini mum such delays as may be una voidable In time of war. The tde partments of state and commerce ask cooperation ty all exporters. It Is ? a reasonable request, the granting of which is directed by sound business; Judgment. A FAIR PRICE : HE school board has agreed to pay 0,000 for a site for the proposed new Hawthorne s c h o o 1. The property Is owned by Wi T. B. Nicholson, who tor three years has paid taxes on an assessment of 30,000. This property Is considered by the board an Ideal site for the new school building. The blocks are high and sightly, and the location Is-oho block north and two blocks east of the Washington High school. The only consideration that can defeat the purchase would' be Mr. Nicholson's : failure to -' cure the vacation of that portion Of East Seventeenth street dividing; Ma nmnir i ' nZ T , . - bcuwi uuara . bm- buuwu good ludrment In tfartdinsr nnon 1 this site. It meets all reasonable requirements as to location and, topography, and, what is more, It ' strengthens the ' precedent that t available school sites can, be pur chased' at prices reasonably; com mensurate with assessed valua tions. .: ' There is no reason why a man's tax dealings with state, city or school district should be on a dif-1 ferent, basis than his real estate transactions With the same govern ing bodies. He is entitled-to the going price for his property, but if the price he demands Is three, four or five times assessed valua tion, that fact is evidence there Is something wrong somewhere. - A taxing valuation of $30,000 on the Nicholson property, In view of the general average, is convinc ing testimony that the school board has agreed to pay what the two blocks are reasonably worth on the open market. THE JOURNAL NATIONAL EDITORIAL Vital Neutrality. By ALBERT BUSHNELL HART, Professor of Government, Harvard University. . HE term "sis ter nations" which the 1 peoples of the earth are fond of applying to each other is a misnomer. The nations are not sisters but spouses; each of the forty odd nations of the world is married to all the others by 'a ceremony of treaties and other agreements. In peace, neu trality is the normal condition of mankind; everybody claims the privileges of trade and Intercourse with all the rest of the world; everybody resents the seizure of an American vessel in a foreign port;4 everybody favors Pan-American congresses and Hague confer ences which draw up declarations and conventions perfumed with the purest neutrality. The real nature of neutrality is tested only when some nations go to war and all other nations wish to suffer as lit tle as possible from the consequent disturbance of ordinary trade and intercourse. What does real and vital neu trality require of Americans? It in no way limits the rights to ex press themselves as to the moral right or wrong of what Is done by the belligerent powers. The people of the United States, are no Jury,- warned not to admit any thing into their minds except what is offered in open court by sworn witnesses. We form our judgments of foreign affairs as we do' our opinion of two neighboring fami lies who get into a free fight, by our habitual standards of conduct and " honor. One might as well tell an intelligent American to refrain from saying anything about the Colorado strike as to expect him to hold his ' peace with regard to the moral issues of the European war. a a Vital neutrality is a virtue which proceeds from within outward. The government at Washington must be non-commlttaI,j, because it does not; wish to drag this country intp the struggle. It must pre vent the enlistment of trjoopt, on American soil of the fitting out of warships. . For the same reason of self protection It is the duty of the government In every way to pre vent Americian " citizens and aliens from giving active aid to any of the belligerents. This self-restraint does not include the ship ment of military stores and ma terial, for an obvious reason: that some nations have not sufficient factories of small arms and am munition, cannon and clothing for themselves. They could never in dulge in the pleasures of war, or even of self defense, if they could ft A 7, S Jt jr v not Import these necessities both ; iggg Harrison was elected on a plat beforo the war begins and while form that declared for both gold and it is going on. Hence no neutral silver and condemned the policy of eovernment undertakes to nrevpntithe Democratic administration ln its government unaertaKes to prevent j efort to demonetize silver. The same such shipments; n.r. on the other conditions prevailed lnboth party plat- hand, to protect such indubitable , military stores from capture. Vital neutrality proceeding from the obligation to protect American interests includes the positive right of the United States, which 'cannot be surrendered or bargained away to. favor and protect its merchants in carrying on their trade with foreign countries. Ship owners, like everybody else, must accept the result of actual military or naval operations. An American ship bound to Hamburg takes Its own risk of capture by the Brit ish blockaders, and expects 90 pro tection from its own government. An American ship bound to .un blockaded ports of any belligerent, whether England or Germany qt France, is entitled to complete its voyage unless it carries actual con traband, and ; contraband ordinar ily means goods Intended solely for military use. Nor has any bel ligerent the right to decide for itself, without respect to the cus toms . and agreements of. nations, what is .'and what Is not contra band. Vital neutrality ls in no way de pendent npon the convenience or A FEW SMILES i An . Irishman and an Englishman, Shaving met recently, were describing! the hair-breadth 'escapes they had at the front. , ).-, j "Why." 1J the part in one f these German bullets near ly took the hair off my face It went "so close. : What do you think of tha$ for : a close shave? r; Well," says Pat, "In on engage-1 shens came so close that it took the hair off me head. What price that for a hair cut?" he asked pointing to his glassy poll. , ? ' .; There's a Yankee , landlord on the Maine coast who keeps his old hulk of a summer hotel filled every year with- well to do guests f pom the cities, who pay high prices for the won derful scenery and the good meals, philosophically ac cepting the bleak -wall paper and the threadbare upholstery. A New York man asked him toward the close of his season t how he had been doing. . "Wal," the Yankee replied, "I've Just been going over the books and we've netted about $17,000 this season. I reckonf we do as well another year" I'll paper the parlor! Everybody's.; Mrs. Fletcher- went tip to the city one morning to do some shopping. She was looking for some housefurnishtnrs and went to a large department store. Walking up to a tall, blond floor walk er who was walking slowly down the aisle in a languid and ele gant manner, she said: "Will you please tell me where I can see the candelabra?" "All canned goods two counters to the -right," replied the- official guide, briefly. Harper's Magazine. military advantage of any of the warring powers. Secretary Bryan, in his recent dispatch, made a dan- gerous admission when he Bng't:;"'""'"" gested that the United States might put up with interference by Great Britain with American commerce which is - otherwise innocent and allowable, provided "such Interfer ence ls manifestly an imperative necessity to protect their national safety," If Great Britain, may treat, neutrals in any way . that she thinksecessary to national safety, Germany and Japan have exactly he same right. A hundred years ago the United States saw its legit imate commerce ground to pieces between the "imperative necessity" of Napoleon and of Great Britain. It is the plain duty or the admin istration at Washington to revise that statement and make it clear, that none of the warring powers can be permitted to' destroy Its enemies or save itself, at the ex pense of Innocent and neutral third parties. aaopyrfcht. 1W5. 1 Letters From the People r (Communications 'sent to The Journal for publication, in this department should be writ ten on only one side of the paper, should not exceed 300 worda n length and must be ac companied 67 the name end address of the sender. If the writer doea not desire to hire the name published. La should so state.) : "Discussion Is the greatest of all reformers. It ratlonaUzes eTerything it touches. It robs principles of all false sanctity and throws them back on their reasonableness. If they hae no reasonableness, ' it ruthlessly crushes them out of existence and setB up its o n conclusions In their stead." Wood row WUsolu Wheat and "Gold Standard. Portland, Jan. 9. To the Editor of The Journal I note ln the Oregon Farmer of January l,v the statement that $l.i6 for wheat is the highest- price since, the Civil war. Chicago quotations January 6, were: . Cash wheat prices highest in 45 years, namely. Jl.37 to $1.37. I differ with these figures. Let us go back to 1866,'67-'68. as to prices of beef, hogs and wheat, be fore and after contraction. I . will call attention to pages 100 and 102 of "Spofford's American Almanac" for i888. Wheat, for Instance, tn ,1866-'67-68, before contraction, lowest price in New .York, $2.05; highest price, $3.45. Wheat In 1886, after contraction, low est price, 83 cents; highest, price, 95 1-3; the first time in 0 years when the maximum I price of wheat ln New Tork during . the year was not above $1.. So we ari led to believe that the monetary system under which we have existed has mifich to do with' prices, i I am of .the opinion it was Wall street competition, cutting off the dollars ; and if the $1,400,000,000 of destroyed currency was reprinted and $et adrift again, dollars would be plentiful. It is a case of demand and supply. The Democratic platform of 1884 de- forms of 1892, but in 1896 the men who dictated the democratic platform of 1884, the Repeblican platform of 1888 "an the platform of the two par ties ln 1892. all pledging those parties to bimetallism, assembled themselves tn support of Mr. McKinley, who stood upon' another deceptive platform. That platform, adopted at, St. Louis In 1896, pledged McKinley to maintain the single standard only until he could get rid of it, . . We have often heard It said that English competition, In some mysteri ous way has lowered the price of wheat. If it was a good system, why did President McKinley send a com mission to Europe after (he campaign of 1896 to get rid of the gold stand ard? And the present administration' was forced , to revise our contracted money system, brought on by the crime of 1873, which has been a maker of panics up to 1907. , . We are told that the low price of wheat is brought- on by an overproduc tion, but the population is growing in J proportion the world over. And with the . greatest demand ever known for wheat, brought on by the European war, it yet fails to reach the lowest price of wheat, $2.05, before- contrsc tion. - Under a double standard there are certain things, : however, as wheat, cotton and otfier , things, produced tn competition with silver-using coun tries, that 'will, for special reasons, participate directly in the enhance ment of values of silver. For .in stance. 100 ounces of silver would buy; 100 bushels of wheat in India and lay it down ln Liverpool. Formerly the PERTINENT COMMENT SMALL CHANGE It Is what a woman doesn't say that keeps a man guessing. V.. - Anyway, It's none of a man's busi ness how old a woman Is. ' , better to be up ana doing .than ltia to be down and done. All things may come to him who waits except his missing hair. The more a man s-nta tVi mn h. wants unless a police judge Is deali ing It out - '. - n " A child's acuteness or impudence depends On whether it belongs to you or to one of the neighbors. The ascent of the ladder of fame may be difficult, but we never notice the splinters until we begin to slide down again. .In a long1 time we have seen tiothing tnat pleased us more than a news item saying that a Boston woman is giving lessons In blushing. It Is said that 'George Washington was so opposed to lying in any form that he refused to establish a weather bureau during his administration, r Women, are strange ereature's. They Will nlunge their hands and arms into tig-rfur mnffs and expose their un covered briskets to a temperature that Is several degrees below the freessing point. As a rule,', the. woman who is the most severe, in criticising other women for yie way they raise and train chil dren is one who has nothing running around the .house except a sad-eyea husband and a pampered cat. FINANCING BUSINESS MEN By John M. Oskison. It was only a few weeks ago that I wrote of the first use in this country of a new' form of credit the accept ance ofa commercial bill. It is one of the approved forms of financing au thorized by the new law under which the reserve banks were established.9 Already, report has it, acceptances have become so popular with owners of money who want to employ it tem porarily that the return on such se curities in the New York market has Buch a decliDe ln prlce ls a mighty j hopeful sign to the business men of : n country. For consider how a rea- Bonaoie rate on acceptance may stim ulate business: Jones in New York buys a bill of goods from a Chicago manufacturer. But first Jones establishes with a New York bank credit sufficient to meet the cost; then he gives the Chi cago manufacturer his note, due - in 60 or 90 days. When the Chicago man gets Jones' note he doesn't have to put It in his safe and wait until it is due unless he wants to. Instead, he ran take It to his bank In Chicago and ask that It 'be sent to New Tork for the "acceptance" of Jones' bank. 100 ounces of silver cost the Liver pool merchant $129. Now It costs him $65. Thus by being able to buy 100 ounces of silver ln the United States for $65 In gold, he Is able to buy the same 100 bushels of wheat in India for $65 in gold, and that ls all he will give the wheat growers ln the United States. And our gold standard friends tell the American farmer that the low price of wheat is owing to an over production. Hence, by selling our sil ver to the English merchant at 5 cents an ounce we enable him to beat down the price of wheat ln the United States to Its price In silver In India. What is true of wheat. Is true of cot ton and of other things. England buys our silver at half price, takes it to the orient, gets full price for it, converts it Into goods, brings the goods here and sells them to us for gold. -This would all be at once avoided If the English merchant. had to pay again $1.20 an ounce for silver bullion, or ' practically that, as he doubtless , would under free coinage. Being unable, then, to buy his 100 ounces of silver tor less than $129, he could not get his supply of wheat of cotton for less than former gold prices, and consequently 'the difference be tween gold prices here and Bilver prices there -would disappear. This consideration ls alone enough to de termine the farmers and the people of this country not to play into the hands of English and American gold trusts any longer. CHARLES D'HEIRRY. Home Labor and Home Trade Baker, Or., Jan. 11. To the Editor of The Journal There . are over half a million idle men In the city of New York, and a like number in every other city in the United States in proportion to' population. Fifteen or twenty thousand stenographers and office as sistants, all women,' In San Francisco, are reported to be ln need. Every pa per that you pick up has something to say about what organized charity is doing for the relief of the unemployed; therefore it is plain to be seen that all is not right. It is very unfortunate that ln a country like ours there is cause for charity; that the conditions are such as to bring suffering and hardships to so many millions of our Citizens. Or ganized charity is doing a great work, but I want to impress the fact that it is only temporary relief and does not accomplish a remedy. ' It is easy' to see the effect, but the cause is what we want to kill. What Is the cause? Itt every city in this country we have organizations of various kinds law yers, doctors, merchants, etc. all or ganized into separate associations, each working separately for their own protection and benefits. And then come the organization called the Com mercial club, composed of men from all the other organizations, and it per forms a leading part in advertising and promoting many: of the industries in and around the towns and cities of the country. What does this organiza tion do? For one thing they are al ways making a campaign for the con sumer to patronize home industry smoke home-made cigars, patronize the retail stores, etc. But think how lit tle they regard the cry, "Patronize home industry." Most of the members of the so-called Commercial clubs are heads of the various industries that are employing- large numbers of .men, and among the common labor that is now being - done through the country about 75 per cent of the men em ployed are foreigners, who do not be come citizens of this country and are sending their wages across the ocean to support their loved ones there, while our citizens are eating at "the soup houses maintained by charity. Busi ness men are responsible for the cause for charity, and until they become patri otic enough themselves to practice what they preach In regard to? patronizing bomeC industry there -will be cause for charity, i As long as. they depend upon tha. citizens of this country to support business, it is no more than Tight that they v should employ,' citizens who. are in need of employment, in 'preference to foreigners.--Several-of the .states are making-laws against alien - labor. What a shame to think it is SeCessary : ; .- :. AND NEWS IN BRIEF OREGON SIDELIGHTS Cottage Grove taxpayers rejoice In a tax rate reduction of IS mills, the drop being from 47 to 85. f County Truant Officer Bewley of Tillamook reports only i on case of truancy in the county during Novem ber and December. - . ' The Hood River News thinks Hood Klver may now do some crowing .oyer her chickens as well as her apples", since local poultry has been shipped to purchasers in far-away Australia, " . Hillsboro Methodists began the new yfa.urigt b? celebrating the clearing. of the church debt In addition, reno vating and decorating are in progress lr. the church edifice. " - - . . Ro"Seburg Review: J. W. Perkins has stated that the new postoffice building, now in course of erection at the comer of Cass and Stephens streets, will be completed and in readi ness for occupancy about January 15 The building will be modern in every particular. .'" The showing that the Umatilla oounty poor farm is being conducted at a 60 per cent reduction In cost " saye the Pendleton East Oregonlan, "should be highly pleasing to our tax payers' association. Over and above all receipts from farm - products it has cost the county but $16 an inmate per month." ' i Dufur Dispatch: Dufur closed the year 1914 with one record of which her citizens may well feel proud, and that is in regard to fires. The records of the Dufur volunteer fire department shows that during the year not a single fire alarm was turned in. In fact, the last fire that Occurred in Dufur was on Au-ust 20, 1913, and that one did no damage. Along with Jones' note the Chi cago bank sends a bill of lading for the goods Jones bought to show that the Chicago manufacturer has filled Jones order. Then Jones' bank ac cepts the bill, guaranteeing that it will be paid when due. The Chicago oan receives tne accepted bill and Is ready to advance to th manu facturer the amount of Jones' debt less the standard charge for putting tne matter tnrougn. For the Chicago bank. too. Jones' note, once accepted, becomes a read ily salable security. It may pass from hand to hand until the 60 or 90 days are up and Jones is called upon to pay 11. IjOw returns to Investors in this sort of security means that the in terest and other charges which busi ness men -will pay jn order to make bills and notes liquid are low. Busi ness men ' whose standing IS high enough to establish credit at the banks which are members) of the Na tional Reserve association there are ome vbuw of these banks now. and more to come have reason to be thankful at the first showing of the strengtn or acceptances In the in vestment market. : to go to that extent. Let business men be patriotic enough to patronize "home industry" by hiring citizens in preference to foreigners simply be cause iney can hire them fora few cents per day cheaper than a citizen. At the same time they complain that we consumers -are ruining the 'country uy Benamg- away to some catalogue house to buy our goods, when we can save 20 per cent by doing so, and at the same time they are sending across the ocean or cheap labor. Railroad men will say that the citi zens do not know how to tamn ties an line up tracks. Of course the citizens5 01 tnis country don't know how, be cause the railroad men have never given them a chance to learn, but it would not be long, if they had a chance, until there would be an army of citizens that could do this work if given a chance to earn a wage they could support themselves and families on. The strength of this country does not depend upon the few members of the Commercial clubs and associations or Duel ness men. It depends upon the patriotism and prosperity of the masses of its citizens. r R. S- WILKIE. Reply to Mr. Frank. Salem, Or., Jan. ll.-r-To the Editor of The Journal In The Journal I have read a letter by O. E. Frank criticising Dr. Jordan; also attacking Great Brit ain for "murdering" the South African republics, as he terms ,it. The Boer war was caused by the Outlanders grlevances, mainly excessive taxation without representation and having to live ln the country 14 years before they could vote; also Importing mil lions of dollars worth of arms and ammunition from Germany for use against Great Britain. German artil lery officers took part in the war and there was $30,000,000 sent to Europe in charge of Dr. Leyda to use back stairs influence and to corrupt the sal able press on the continent to work up enmity to England.: the close of the war the British restocked the farms of the Boers, the English and Dutch languages were taught in the schools, and in a few years after that self-government was given to them, and now all South Africa ls united, with Louis Botha, the able Boer gen eral, as premier. That same Botha ls crushing the rebellion that was brought on by the machinations of Germans and traitors expecting Ger man support. Now, turning to Germany and her treatment of other nations: When she made war on Denmark she got a prov ince and Prussianized It. The same with Alsace and Lorraine, All the French schoolmasters had to get out and Germans and the German language were substituted. The Zabern inci dent, where a German army officer was found guilty of striking a crip pled shoemaker, is a typical case of the system that wants to rule the world. As regards Belgium, Germany made an unprovoked attack because the French frontier was not big enough, and proceeded to beat Belgium to a pulp, then rob her towns and cities, then make them pay tribute to the kaiser, all in the name of God. No wonder German professors can make only Germans see their country is in the right, but if they are sure of that why did not Italy, join in as one of the tripple alliance? It Is Germany herself that has forged an "iron ring." As regards England fearing Germany, does . Mr. Frank notice; the easy way the grand fleet Is bottled up in the Kiel canalt or go back to 1895, when the kaiser; sent his famous telegram to President Kruger. England's an swer was the sending out of a flying squadron and the kaiser' had to draw in. his horns and confess he had been too impulsive. , GILBERT WHITE. A Dollar of 1883. Gold mil. Or.. Jan. S. To the Ed itor' of The Journal I would 1 like to know if there are any premiums on dollars -mads In . 18S3 with the letter S"on them. I am told that on can" get a round trip ticket. to the world's fair with them. W. R. 8WACKE& ' The Journal has not knowledge of any such offer.l - . 'i -r -v , IS XA&LY SAYS' By Tred XoUy, Special Staff Writs ef . .-, Tfc Jsuraai. . , My father, Aaron Rose., cam west the second time in 185L said Mrs. Lucy A. Rose Mallory, ths widow of Judge JAufus Mallory. He was in the horse train of which Judge O. N. Den- neys father was captain. -1 married my school teacher, Ruf us Mallory, at Kpseburg when 1 was 13 years old. Of late I have been thinking's sreat deal of the old days, the days of my girlhood. . I am Just making uo -the forms for the1 January Issue of my little publication and'in It t tell some thing of the life In the Umpqua valley in the early fifties. Here lis a little sketch of one of the characters of the early days men that I wrote of in a recent number of ,"The Universal Re public," an organ of advance thought. As I read it aloud Mrs. Mallorv tol.l many additional details about her girl hood friend, "Captain Jane." ? Here Is the story in Mrs. Mallory'a, own words;. "If there were any living in the flesh who remember "Captain Jane' we would hardly dare mention !her name in kindness and respect, for it would caa out such condemnation we should not like to be responsible -for its out pour. "Captain Jane was the most noted, or rather notorious, person on this coast when Oregon was young. -She wa8 a Jolly, good fellow until it was discovered one day, when some one came upon her sobbing and crying with her arms around her pet bear, that had Just been killed, that she was not a man, but a woman in man's apparel. When she became known as a woman, she was the most maligned individual in the territory; and it all came about, not because Bhe was bad, but because she had dared to wear trousers Instead of skirts. "She passed through Roseburg or the place now known as Koneourg on her way to Portland to get provisions,: forJshe had to travel all that distance herself, because no one would do it for her after it became known that she was a woman, and when she came la sight the women would rush to a knot hole or crack ln the side of the house to look at her as long as she was in sight, although they would not let her enter the house or give her food to eat. My stepmother who wta her most bitter, uncompromising enemy would be the first to find a hols to look through as long as she was in sight. '"Captain Jane' was the name given her when she was thought tor be a man; and when there was a report tht the Indians were going on the warpath to kill off all the palefaces, she organ ized all the able bodied men Into a company and kept them ln readiness in case of an attack. But one day when a number of Indians came in sight the men were going to shoot, but she or dered the men not to fire, and they thought she was 'chicken hearted'; so she was always Captain Jane after' ward. It turned out it was Only, a little band of braves come to pay a friendly visit. If the men had shot them it would have brought 'about a terrible massacre, in which no doubt the few white men there would have all been scalped and sent to the 'Bos ton heaven,' as the Indians call it. "I loved 'Captain Jane from the first time I saw her, and I love her still. I should have loved her If she had been a thousand times blacker m character than the women made her la their gossip, because she lovd chil dren; 1 remember when she first saw" me as I stood behind a tree, where I thought she could not see me. "I expected to see a perfect monster or oaaness. The moment she saw me she came to me and took me Ib her arms and kissed and kissed me while she sobbed and cried like a little child! (This was my first recollection of be ing loved by a woman. My stepmother did not know how to love.) Afterward we were always great friends, but I imiu iu incei iter un me Sly. ana Was never wnn ner very long at any one time. She never changed her mode of life while ln Oregon. "She one day 'struck It rich." She sold her mine and went back east to -her little daughter. I followed her as far as I dared, and I left her sobbing as she rode out of sight on the eatro white horse that she was riding the first time I saw her. "One day, after I had changed from Miss to Mrs., a letter came to me from I "Captain Jane.' I think she liked that name, for that was the one she still used in writing to me. In this letter' she told me that her daughter was married and that she was alone and longed for the old. free life of dear. beautiful, old Umpqua. I was not, greatly surprised when one day she i returned and was my guest for a month, and many of those who had abused and maligned her called to see her. As Mrs. Harrison, they thought' she was lovely. She went out among the Umpqua hills and built a cozy Ut ile nouse and lived two veara in na, m then one morning she was found sleeping the sleep that awakens in 'Heaven with the Angels.' We buried her body under the did pine tree we both loved so well. Then she was for gotten by every one except the child that loved her and that she loves. There is not a trace of her gray left I went to the spot the last time I vi- lted my old home and the place ' showed no sign of the form that was laid away there.'' The Ragtime Muse Modern S!nggard. ' In youth i did not care to play ' ' . Or study, dance or sing; ' What others did from day to day Bored me like anything! " I did not like to shoot or fish, .Or round the girl to smirk, ' And this was still my earnest wish: "May ! not have to work!" The drama was to me a bore. Books held for me no charm, - . And labor in a shop or store I viewed with wild alarm. . I only loved to sit and dream With idly folded hands. And try to figure out a scheme To . dodge all toil's demands. Well, that fs why I'm sitting hers Within my sumptuous den; - -I have succeeded year by year - r ln using other men. While others used their muscfe, I : Used them to gain my pelr. I have one valid reason Why. '. "i " I don't like work myself! Proper Color Scheme,' ' The new uniform of - the French army, says an exchange, will be a color blending with the landscape. In that event it Will be blood red for some time. . . - - MAIN 7173-A 6051 If your name appears n either telephone book - call either of these numbers and send -your . message to buyers and sellers in all parts of Oregon. , ' r Don't be bashful call up and , tell your t troubles in a Journal Want Ad., That is the best known way of solving trouble. 0