I
- THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, . WEDNESDAY EVENING. JANUARY 6, 1915.
THE JOURNAL
S. ill KWIM .
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"? WM,jr MnlH at Yk Jxnraal Balls
. 1wwh aa1 TaM.I ata., Portlaad. f
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4.l-a.l'UiXk--Ul TlHi; Hom. AU
aP9iBwta rcti4 k tbaaa onlwra. -Tall
irt atwratnr what AnarTaf yo win.
JUt SllVrtrriSiStf RJHHICSKWTAT1VE
njamli 4. Rcutaar Ce., Brnoawlcl BMC
MB rmi Ae. Mew Vrk. Ull People
! baa.&M CM'arn. !
KlM. immM- tarn. a aaaj! r t a ad
ftaina ta ik bait. nrvte tf MwleM
I V. - DAILY. . -
0m rt-....B.w r fa mat.. ....9 .ss
- ' . St' BOAT. .
se ., tXU I On (Mint
. BAIL AND 8CMDAT. .
aaar. . MM Oaa pannth
-ft
. Ah, ut who eha Bay what
Justice Is? 'Tim a man-made
thing doubtful at best, be-,
caw wa can't look all around
Jiny man's met. J; Only God Al
mighty's Juatlc can be trust-
!ed, .master. Belike, so oft as
not, what looks like mercy to
. a man be no more than Justice
1b the eyes of Him. Phillpotts.
WILSON' AXI COIOUITT
lHB
criticisms of Wood row
Wilson by Governor Colquitt
of Texas are diverting. They
also give u the measure of
Governor Colquitt.
t," Little was known of the Texas
executive until, he appeared as the
president's critic . Now ' we know
and can weigh him. His attack on
the great constructive work of the
Wilson administration, an admin
istration .that has already won one
of the highest executive and legis
lative distinctions ever attained in
American history, is a perfect in-
ajcauon 101 tne meniai can ore 01
Governor Colquitt. t
- "In addition to: this, there is tes
timony from Texas as to the char
acter and home standing of the
president's assailant. The Dallas
It Is an old -saying that they who
'are leasWable to do are most ready,
to find fault with what others do.;
The competent always incurs the en
vious enmity of the Incompetent.
Those' outside of Texas who have
jread the fourth revised edition of
Governor Colquitt's tirade against the
will Via Iabh a hi A tCk nrmra-
clate the point of this observation
than thoso of an in Texas. For out
slde f Texas there' are few ad It
Is happily so who know that, of all
the governors this state has had in
recent years. Governor Colquitt has
proven Jiimnei jirw-eifiiiiciiiij ,uo un-
. fittest. The saf fairs or Texas were
IIBVri WW 1 Urni J uiipiii.ii.gu f-J 111" J
Jiave 'been during; the four years of
his administration. It would hardly
exaggerate to say that the elevation
of Mr; CoWiultt to the governorship
Of this state has shaken the faith
of thousands in the ability of the
.people to choose their servants wisely.
'Indeed. If one were to rank the mis-
ifortunes whlrli Governor Colquitt's
'administration hasbrought on Texas,
'It Is prohable khat the weakened faith
.in the feaslbiltty of democracy, re-
suiting from his. ineptitudes, his in
tellectual limitations and his infatu-
aiiun- 01 iiimncu, wouia do counica
S graver 'and more condign conse
''quence tlinn, even - the flight Into
.which he has brought our govern
mental affairs.
Governor Colquitt criticises Presi
dent Wilson. It is the incompe
tent passing judgment on the com
petent. The mournful faijjire of
Colquitt .as an executive in Texas
is explanation of why he condemns
Vl A klrrkla HAAr.n..l
of the United States. By testimony
efrom his owjcl home state. Governor
Colquitt anathematizes the excel-
l.Tlt Xf 11 c rn naw 9 :jlnlniv tVilnn
because he doesn't -know when
things are well done. The Dallas
News continues:
11 ie mnv nor n ui n that mm
president .lis fortunate fin having in
curred the political enfnlty of 'Gover
;'nor Cokjuitt,. it is solely because It
Is only Texas people who are in a
position to know how infinitely pref
erable to his approval is his disap
proval. The country seems to have
been pretty thoroughly "circularized"
With Governor Colquitt s opinions of
the president. The pres bureaus and
Republican- nanera have, tt-i,loV n
tliat. That fact offers the Democrats
.-an opportunity. They have only to
to rive equal circulation to a politi
cal binaraDhv of Oovhtiop Cnl
make certain,, that the country's ad
miration of the president wJll be
. raised and Intensified.
; Taking it all around, Prasident
' fled with the episode. He is, by
the statement of the Texas paper,
1 that fortunate position in which
bo is. much to be admired for the
.enemies he lias made.
DESTROYING MANKIND
f ! .
s
TATISTICS gathered by the
national board of health show
that 2,518,800,000 doses of
j ;- habit forming drugs were
consumed In 1913 by people of the
.United States. The figures show
Ithat the average consumption was
. . more inan twenty-five doses for
every man, woman and child in
;. thei country, and the board says
that -this estimate Is somewhat
, lOW." j-. v.
Announcement of the figures Is
u.vu.a..x' uj cm cvvyBBU lor
state laws which will assist in sup
pressing the traffic in narcotics
that 'are destroying mankind
thrgiughout the .'country. Under
'present conditions, the difficulty of
controlling the traffic is very great
. New York has a drastic law, but
the board declares that drug ad
diets In New York City are being
i , , in . . . . .
. supyiieu niui uarwuctj turougn tne
. mails' or by express from other
j states. I These people can secure
practically unlimited supplies by
crossing to New Jersey. It is de
clared that a complete record oticpuntles would return to Portland
alii sales made, bjr manufacturers.
wholesalers and retailers Is lmpera
tively neceftsary , and that without
pucb legislation: the effort to re-
duce the traffic must -prove" abort
ive. '".'. '
'It ia a subject for .consideration
by legislatures that are soon to
meet In most of the states. Fed
eral laws, unless there are also
state laws of the same character,
cannot prohibit the evil. The con
sumption, of. habit forming drugs is
Increasing: throughout the country.
Wisdom directs that the traffic be
suppressed. If U is not there must
be large additions to our jails and
insane asylums.
COMMISSIONER WATSOX WINS
THE Oregon .supreme- court has
upheld the contention of Cor
poration, Commissioner Ralph
Watson in his defense of the
Blue -Sky law against the attacks
of . thos? anxious to destroy the
measure. y
The law undertakes to stop the
sale of fraudulent . securities and
restrain the manipulations of bogus
and swindling operators. The
measure has been under attack
ever since its passage by the 191S
legislature, and throughout has
been as resolutely defended and
its provisions as determinedly-' ap
plied by Commissioner Watson.
Among those who have been
trying to kill the measure is George
E. Stillings, president of , the Na
tional Mercantile .Company, a ton
tine ' money lending scheme, of
Vancouver, British Columbia. Wm
son began a fight to force com
pliance with the Blue Sky law as
a measure of protection to the
people of fhe state. Stillings re
fused to obey the 'law, defied the
commissioner, and brought suit
in the federal court to have the
law nullified.
The Stillings scheme had been
driven out of Missouri by the at
torney general of the state. Stil
lings then frent to , Massachusetts,
and undertook to operate his
scheme there. In his Massachu
setts operations, Stillings collected
from people throughout the United
States more than $800,000, some
of it from Oregon. When Stil
lings was arrested for his opera
tions, he had on hand $11 In cash
and 16 cents in stamps. He served
two years in jail for his work.
From Massachusetts, Stillings
went to Vancouver, British Colum
bia, and organized the Mercantile
Investment Company which Com
missioner Watson has been strug
gling to bar from operating in
Oregon. 'VYtson wm in the fed
eral court, and, in yesterday's de
cision, won in the Oregon supreme
cgurt. The" commissioner has, in
fact, not only applied the law im
partially and effectively, but has
defeated all of the several at
tempts to kill it.
if there had been a Blue Sky
lav- in Oregon these many years
with an efficient commissioner to
enforce it, there would have been
no losses by Oregon people of
$800,000, plucked from them
through United Wireless, $1,500,
000 through Columbia River Or
chard bonds, and other hundreds
of thousands by various swindling
corporations.
There are strong reasons why
there is a constant scheme to
cripple the Blue Sky law. Stil?
lings and his scheme is one of
them. Another is the huge fact
that in the first 13 months the
administration of the Blue Sky
law by Commissioner Watson
drove out of the state, $59,000,-
000 of doubtful and bogus securi
ties that were being sold to Ore
gon people. "
As a result ,of the attack by
Watson on the National Mercantile
scheme, Stillings, its president and
promoter, is now under indict
ment by the federal trrand iurv at
Seattle for maintaining a . lottery.
THE BROAD VIEW
I
T IS gratifying to The Journal
to observe that the large prop
erty owners of Portland in the
matter of highway improvement
are taking the broad, view that
what is good for the state at large
is good for them as individuals.
It is on this principle that a
large number of them, represent
ing at least one third of the tax
able property ' in Portland, have
united in a recommendation to the
state legislature that a one mill
levy 'be added to the state highway
fund for a period of two years,
covering the assessment for the
years 1916 and 1917.
It Is Understood by. them that
the money so raised is to be ap
portioned to the warious counties.
excluding Multnomah county which
is able to improve Its roads with
out state aid. By increasine the
present levy of one quarter of a
mill an additional mill the sum
of approximately $2,500,000 will
be raised for the two year term.
As the levy for 1915 has al
ready been made none of this
amount will be available before
June, 191$, when the first in
stallment of taxes for that year
comes in. By that time It is hoped
that Multnomah county will have
her roads ln such condition that
connection with the otner counties
can be made. ' .
The plan should meet with a
hearty reception by outside,, coun
ties who will thus derive great as
sistance from the increased fund
arising from Multnomah .., county,
which payB approximately one third
of the state's taxes.
Of course there la a selfish mo
tive behind the plan; and that is
inis. The donation to ontsiria
in .the1 shape, of enlarged business
development. The money expend
ed In road work , would flow Into
the local towns and cities, whose
merchants in turn would forward
it to the wholesale merchants of
Portland for more goods. In road
work -most of the money Is spent
for labor and It remains in the
county and state. By building up
the outside country Portland - is
building jip itself. Money put Into
permanent roads is not a tax but
is an investment, ; ;
ORGANIZE THE CHARITIES
F'
OR a long time, we shall have,
the poor with us. The Bible
says "ye have the . poor al
ways." In tima, we may give men jus
tice, and not need charity. But
it is a long, long way to that time.
We may work for it and toward it,
but we shall not live to 6ee it.
Charity then is a present fixed
activity. ; Jt is a part of our life.
It is essential, therefore, to deal
with it as Inevitable and to seek
to systematize, to practicalize and
to efficentize -It.
In last Sunday's Journal was
an exhaustive and very clear pre
sentation of Portland charities. It
afforded most valuable information.
Ik- disclosed that there are chari
ties in Portland in which, of fhe
income, but 34 per cent goes to
charity while 66 per cent is con
sumed in overhead expense. The
per capita cost of the service to
those aided, in some instances,
runs into almost amazing figures.
The, salaries of the professional
charity dispensers gnawed the
heart out of the contributed funds.
The article revealed that an im
mense sum is annually contributed
in Portland for the benefit of the
poor. It is a sum sufficient, if
the distributing service were Organ
ized and systematized, to: 'amply
care for Portland's poor. Enough
overhead expense eould be elimi
nated to more than double the
amount that actually goes to the
needy.
There are many superintendents,
when one would be enough. Print
ing, heat,, lights, telephones,: rents
and other incidentals are of mul
tiplied cost because of the scatter
ment of the work.' Organizations
overlap each other. Some of the
needy go from one organization
to another and get an undue share
of aid. It is a wasteful and une
conomic arrangement.
In its experience with the Win
ter Relief Bureau, The Journal
has learned that some of those
most" in need never apply for char
ity. It has also learned that some
times helping the poor to help
themselves Is a , mo.-e resultful
course than through gifts of money
or provisions. The finding of po
sitions, the adjustment of misun
derstandings between landlords and
tenants, the guarantee of rent pay-
ments 'and wise kdvlce" to thrZ
ineuiH, aua Wise aavice lO lUOSe !
who lack initiative, ar many times
even more valuable aids to the"
needy than are actual gifts.
Business men are constantly be
sought and bedeviled for contribu
tions to charity. They do not like
to give money with a doubt. Their
purses would be more free if
charity were better organized, nd
the leak3 plugged. '
A great deal of fine charity has
been dispensed in Portland. Some
of the organizations have made ex
cellent showings. It is not the pur
pose here to criticize, but to build,
not to tear down that which is
doing but to help organize the sys-
tern into a more effective force
for the relief of poverty and dis
tress. v
Nothing better could be done in
this town than to nave a perma
nent relief bureau at the head of
all charities. Properly organized
and administered, it could take
the same contributions now re
ceived and more than double the
sum that actually goes to the
needy, .
Is it not a plan to appeal to the
sober judgment of thinking Port
land?, - i
or
THE 1915 Ii-feTY
T
HE Multnomah County tax
budget for 1915 has been
definitely established. The
Portland property own'er Will
be required to pay $23.10 on every
$1000 valuation. -
In comparison with last year
this is a reduction of $3.90.
The principal reduction is made
in .the levy for the city schools:
In ! 19 14 the millage for this, pur
pose was 7.5; This year It Is only
5. There is also ' a reduction of
1.10 mills in the state tax. For
clunty schools there la-an increase
of one tjgnth ' of a mill. For the
general expenses of the county
the increase is seventy-five hun
dredths of a mill. i
The millage for the library and
county high school is the same as
last year. For roads tfle reduc
tion Is two tenths of a mill. The
Port of Portland has madeTa re
duction of seventy-five hunvedths
of a mill and the City of Portland
a reduction of two tenths o( a mill.
Based on a total assessed value
of $335,741,385 the levy will raise
the following amounts: For state
purposes, $1,175,096; for county
purposes," $2,014,449; for Port of
Portland, $369,315; City of Port
land, $2,518,060;" School District
No- 1. $1,678,706. ,
In county purposes the item of
$537,186 for roads and bridges is
included.
INTERESTING FIGURES
E
3TIMATES of December ex
ports and imports indicate
that the month's trade bal-
aniua antiimTlmataa IQfl AAA .
JT WS V V.,V V , .
, It means that each Decern-1
000.
ber day the United States sold toJTy ,n t nXS
the outside world 93,000,000 more!
than was bought.
That is piling tip a trade bal-,
ance at the rate of $1,000,000,000
a year. - No other country at any
time in , history has approached
such avrecord. No other country
in any 'single month has matched
our ' December trade r balance. ?
Not leas interesting is the fact
that the comptroller of the cur
rency reports 11,109,499 deposit-
ors in the country's savings banks,
These people have on deposit $4.-j
936,591,849. an average of almost
$450 apiece. -The number of de-:
posltors'is nearly 350,000 greater I
than last year and the total ,-de-l
posits about $210,000,000 greater. -
The 1914 gain was not .so great
ag that of 1913, but the fact re-!
mains that humble savers found i
themselves much better off at the
close than at the beginning of
1914.
These are interesting figures
having direct "bearing upon the
country and its people as a whole.
The United States is rapidly get
ting into a financial position where
it can buy back from Europe large
blocks of our own securities, pay-
no- fnr thorn n Drnnrto Tf rio ;
cember's trade balance is main- j
tallied, even for a few months, it
will mean that every wheel in the
United States must be kept turn
ing to supply the demand for
American products.
tetters From the People
(Commnnlcatlons sent to Tbe Journal for
publication la tbls department aboald be writ
ten on only ooa side of tbe paper, ahoold net
exceed 800 words In length and must be ac
companied by tbe name and address of the
sender. It the writer does sot desire te
bare tbe name pobllabed, be should so ttata.)
MIHscaaaion Is the greatest of 'all reform
ers. It ratlonaUses everything It touches. It
robe1 prln pi plea of aU false sanctity acd
throws them back on their reasooabtearas. If
they hare no reasonableness, it ruthless!?
crashes tbem oat of existence and set up its
own eoncluslona In their stead." Woodrow
WUsom.
Cheap Money.
Newberg, Or., Jan. 4. To the Editor
of The Journal I read with much
interest John jSf Oskison's article in
The Journal December 31. entitled.
"Chance for New Sort ot Promotion."
Yes, . I am in favor of such a propo
sition as he writes about, and believe
such can be carried out successfully.
I belieye it would give people a chance
to get cheaper money, with easier
ways of paying back, and would give a
chance to people to own homes who
now 'do not, and have no way other
than this plan, ever to own them.
There are now several companies do
ing btfsiness on the same plan as Mr.
Oskison describes, and they have met
with great success. But the money
powers of the country do not welcome
cheap money, and they usually suc
ceed in putting such concerns out of
business. I right now hold contracts
in a company that, for the past three
years, which is the time it has been
doing business, has been very success-
ful. male tne- loans at a rw.r rAnt"an
ful, making loans at, 3 per centand ""Uers sought prlvilega for trackage. ln eaerai army wun captive Dauoons
paying good profits as an investment. : alone the water frontage of towns and that operated successfully before Pet
But it has had tho mniov nnvm ! cities, and they usually succeeded In I ersburg and Richmond. The siege of
banks and building associations to
j.Z-. , ,
-.-.111, liiupn wuu in l wetvonie cneap . v .... : - . .
money, and finally they have made ! fronts in hundreds of communities in i Jnt balloon factories, and 65 free bal
such a howl that the government has i the United States that lie along bays, j loons took out of the beleagured city
taken it up, and in order for the com- lakes or rivers. Many of the larger j 2.500.00 letters, and piffeons to bring
pany to protect its contract holders it clt,ca have been fighting through re- lack replies. Qambetta escaped thus
has gone into. voluntary liquidation. . cent yea for the reclamation of pub-' over the enemy's lines. It was dur-
I hope to read mere of Mr. Oskison's
writings on this , subject, as be has
struck a chord that I like.
O. WESTTAUj,
The Unemployed and the Army.
Portland. Or., Jan. 5. To the Editor!,,, ., , ,71 ." ,",. 7
of The Journal This winter we are
again having the problem of unem- t
ploymeni Large numbers of men are i
on the streets of our city, and of every
other large city of the land, without
money and without work. . Kvery day
im i
that they have to beg for a bite to eat,
they become more discouraged and less
able to help themselves. "Through dis-
use of their abilities they are rusting :
tq worthlessness. And men who are ;
earning their living have to support the j
men who are not. I
At the same time the United States '
army -is advertising. lor recruits. its;witn Uie mayor. "A right solution of
men are well fed, clothed and housed.
They work only from four to six hours
each day, outside of occasional sentry ;
duty. If they do right, they are well
treated; if they do not do right, they ;
are not well treated anywhere. Their :
pay is not large, but It Is large enough :
to enable tne man or temperate naons
to save a little; the man whose habits
are Intemperate cannot save on any
salary. And any man of ordinary abil
ity who works for promotion is almost
sure to get It.
Why do not some of the unemployed
enlist in the army? It offers an Im
mediate remedy for their poverty, and
a better living than the majority of
them will probably have In the next '
thre vears. For three years they will
I be honorably employed and during that
time,, if they want to, they can fit j idww. in Cleveland at present there Is
themselves for something worth while, j some desire to inconvenience the rail
It Is not a- place for the good-for-noth- t roads in return for the obstinacy of
ing who wants to loaf and carouse. 1 those corporations in holding out so
It is a jlace for the man who Is down
and wants to get a new start.
GLENN R. KUSINATJ.
A Flan for Employment.
La Grande, Or.. Jan. 4. To tbe Bdi-'
tor of The Journal In your Issue of
January 2 appeared an article on -unemployment
and conscription, by O. C
Henderson of Amity. Or., which is
only In line with the system that pro-
duces lust such a state of affairs as
he refers to. - As he says, 1 do not
mean to leave it up to the men. The
thing to do Is to enact laws which
will compel them to Join the army.
Now, in place of. advocating a ays-
tem by which the government could
employ the idle men. in the production pendent. The railroads and Cleveland
of the necessaries of life, which would 'have interests in common; It Is impoe
lncrease the wealth and comforts of j Bible to separate them; It Is not im-
the many, Mr. Henderson would force
them upon the government by con
scription, still keep them in idleness,
and thereby increase tbe burdens of
the taxpayers and . producers still
more, and further reduce the produc
tion of wealth and make more idle
men for conscription.
Is it not a fact that when ,we . in
crease the cost of ltvingr, either by
taxation or otherwise, as, for instance,
increasing government expenses by en
larging the army, we decrease our
earnings and thereby reduce our pur
chasing power? If Mr. Henderson
really has the laboring class at heart,
and wishes to inaugurate a good meas
ure for the npllft of society, whynot
induce tlfe government to engage in
the mining of the people's coal . in
Alaska, instead of sanctioning a fran
chise by the present administration at
2 cents per long ton? Again,' why
does Mr, Henderson not " advocate the
establishment of government farms
and thereby employ still more of the
idle? -
This method of employment, es-
cre-
sfi FEW SMILES
"That born doesn't
blow, .sir," said the
friendly salesman. -
-Wrap It up." said
Uncle Tobias, think
ing of his sweet
nephew. "That's the
kind of a horn I
want."
Hickville Postmaster rafter his visit
to New York) "Of course, it wa'nt no
m ylsitin' th
fff
tight for some time,
you know."
Y 1 1 ;f la:'
howuick that there
foot and mouth dis-
ease' spread all over the country!"
Puck -
, a dandy went Into a photographer s
in a country town to get his photo
'I' '.' . - I taken. When the Job
was done he refused
to pay on - the
grounds that the pic- !
ture was not like
hIAii ,ihi- oM '
x. , rlgn1, . 8
Fat, leave it there. ,
Next day he was
passing the place and saw his picture ,
n a showcase, and under it were the
w -The'ugnfstmug in town."
He rushed in and abused Pat.
"But,! me man," satd Pat, "yester
day ye, said the picture was not like
you, so- you Have no reason to com
plain. "
Pat sold the photo.
ate a vast amount of, wealth, and at
the same time reduce want and pov
erty to a minimum, a fixed value of
the commodities so produced to be
based upon the amount, of labor re
quired. The restrictions I would make
would be to require every . able bodied
male over 18 years of age (unless
otherwise engaged in a useful pur
suit) to work, eight hours to consti
tute a day, 44 hours to constitute a
Week, and one period of time, and is
sue therefor government certificates
in -convenient denominations redeem
able in the United States and its pos
sessions, the certificates ' to have a
fixed value, based upon the amount of
labor expended. Classes of industry
should be segregated, the cost of pro
duction and maintenance of each to be
tabulated, "and to this should.be added
one half of 1 per cent for mainte
nance of the government at large.
A system of this kind would bring
such prosperity and happiness to all
that want and poverty would be un
known. The secret to the whole solu
tion is simply this: Eliminate the un
earned increment (profits) from those
who are not' engaged in any product
ive pursuit. I respectfully court Mr.
Henderson's objections to an arrange
ment of this kind.
"A nation, to be gTeat, ought to be
compressed in its ; increment - by na
tions more civilized" than itself," says
Coleridge. GEO. J. WAGENER.
WATER FRONTAGE
From the Christian Science- Monitor.
; Almost everywhere the early railway
'builders sought prlvilega for trackaM-
'securing it. Kallroad tracks today in- I
; terf era with th fi-oo e
110 "nls ln mese siretcnes. in iom
instances the railroads have been dis-
possessed; in most instances arrange-
ments have been reached whereby the
railroad tracks, while permitted to re-
main, have been depressed or altoethnr
I hidden from view. Chicago regained
hV hniidtn, ,,Tt.I
J" tb 'cti7" th,e no.
.p?,1.1" l "
f".1"! f1,' t" th Bhr ff
nl5,nd 8ea la today accesslWe to the
pu
Recently Cleveland, throurh the nr.
tIon f th courts, came Into reposses-
slon of its lake frontage. Here, as in
Chicago, the question arises. What
snail be done with the railroads, now
that it is possible to oust them? Mayor
Baker, discussing the matter, says that
the railroads should not be Inbon-
venienced. ' The Plain Dealer agrees
the problem," says pur contemporary
"may be best obtained through friend-
ly cooperation between the city and
the railroads." The rights of the city
have been established, it concedes, but
exactly how these rights are to be
exercised remains a matter of difficult
detail. An-idle stretch of lake front
near the very heart of the city ia not
to be thought of. It says. A wise pse,
working .to the advantage of all, ts
the end to be desired, mid, looking to
that end, "friendly cooperation will ac
complish most," .it concludes.
Jt is a matter of regret in Cleveland
no leas than elsewhere that friendly
oocperavtion between the railroads and
th Pople In eases of this kind seldom
appeals to the railroads until they have
long against manifest public opinion.
The railroads, generally speaking,
would e In far higher popular favor
today, not only in Cleveland but every
where In the United States, had they
sought friendly cooperation when they
seemed to hold the advantage.
Nevertheless. Cleveland cannot af
ford to inconvenience the railroads.
either in the Interest of lake front
! beautlf ication or in retaliation. The
' Plain Dealer -is right. The true inter-
jests. of all parties demand that, whllef
t tne city makes the best possible use
j of its newly acquired rights, it shall
tlannonlze its plans with the interests
, of the commercial thoroughfares on
i vhlch Its prosperity is so largely de-
possible to bind them closer.
The Ragtime Musa
Tale of Terror,
A burglar big and bold and bad .
Entered my bouse to steal:
A dreadful loaded gun he had,'
Its lead I feared to feeL
With crafty skill he hunted round
His boldness made me stare
Ami presently . some cash he found .
I had not known was there!.
My gentle wife upon the sly-
Jlad hidden it away;
What was her. subtle purpose I
Am not prepared to 'say.
Roused by the sight; that thief I fought
For hours surely two;
When from him all that cash Td got
.The . rascal out I threw, .
Soon came my wife, near drives wild
With seeming friirht. an1 .
I said to ber la accents mild, -
"Love, see what I have here." . ;
She looked; she saw; a living flame
Her fierceness seemed to be.
And like a tigress then she came
.. And took the cash from me!
JOT
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL. . CHANGE
Dead men tell no tales and dead
dogs wag none.
If a woman's vocabulary Is limited
she works ifvovertime.
- Prosperity has its thorns, and ad
versity likewise has Its roses. -
Poverty may pinch an honest man,
but it never lands him in Jail.
.
If you fuss about tbe weather It
may be a sign that you are getting
old.
It is easy for a knocker to get a
large audience because the show a
free.
If religion was good for tbe corn-
.plexion men would .seldom get their
share of beauty.
A woman raves over a matinee idol
that she wouldn't Jive with for 10
minutes if they were" married.
The average man thinks he baa
something eomintr to him and If he
i0 married man he is sure to get it
and tnen .
When you see a man with whiskers
1 both ears he is one of those rugged
barbarians. who doesn't permit his wife
to terrorize him.
. .If a man is unable to boast of what
I his ancestors accomplished, it's up to
mm 10 no someining worm wnile on
his own account.
If the sober second thoughts oc
curred Just before instead of after s
jag. there would be more total ab
stainers in this world.
"She had to feed the furnace. - so
her love's grown cold," is a statement
made in a Brooklyn divorce suit.
Somebody ought to work that line for
a pathetic ballad.
THE AEROPLANE
IN WAR AND IN PEACE-
Augustus Post, author of this
distinguished contributors to The Journal's- editorial service, ia secretary
of the Aero Club of America, author of "The Curtisa Aviation Book,"
lecturer on aeronautical subjects, and winner, with Alan R. Hawley,
of the international balloon race, 1910, during which contest both the
aeronauts were lost in the Canadian
tion. Mr. Post is holder, with Clifford R. Harmon, of the American
4 ur at ion record for balloons 48 hours, 26 minutes. He was one of
the first to fly aeroplanes and to operate dirigible balloons, and is
chairman of the Spherical Balloon committee of the Aero Club of
America and member of committees
(Written for The Journal by Augustus
Post, Secretary of the Aero Club of
America.)
' Battle lines, once
TT horizontal. ar now
vertical. War, once
' . "a -J a game of tenpins,
;'J i- has become a game
of chess. In all
th. vail AfnlT)mnt
V S "
'f' -t ll of attack and de
H. j j f ense there is only
one real novelty,
' ' J hut it has changed
, everything. It Is
a the aeroplane.
Aircraft entered
military strategy
when Abraham
Lincoln equipped
pHs brought into service free bal-
loans: railroad stations! w.r, turned
; J"g "s very siege, no oouoi, as ne
I watched the drifting balloons, that
' Zeppelin conceived his idea of armored
air cruisers ia directed flight. Then,
: after a long wait, came the invention
of the heavler-than-alr machine, the
aeroplane, and from that moment mili
tary experts felt that the character of
war was bound to change,
a
How gjeat the change we scarcely
realize, any more than, we know how
remarkable have been the battle ex
ploits of aviators, npr it is likely that
military authorities will be In any
i haste to enlighten us. This is no time
for pointing out individual heroic
deeds, nor ior revealing resources held
in reserve, and it is qnly as a non
combatant writes home to friends or
newspaper that we have a glimpse of
the fighting aeroplanes, . no more
known by the make or the famous pilot
in. control, distinguished only as
"French.- "German," "British," manned
only by someone In uniform. Thus
we read of feats that si, months ago
would have made the world gasp, now
part of the day's work; a machine
undeV fire of revolving cannon with
7000 feet range, a shell bursting so
close to the wing that the concussion
of air sends It down like a stone for
hundreds of feet, righting Itself,
struggling like a sparrow in a storm
and finally speedling to safety; anoth
er darting from ambwh in a cloud
bank to etrike and Blip back again; a
single aeroplane meeting a dirigible
on a raid, shooting itself straight into
the great mass like a living arrow
and falling with it te wreck. Just
how many aeroplanes are In actual
service today no one will or can tell.
What they are doing the world learns
only from the changes they have al
ready effected in the science and prac
tice of war.
x
First They have taken away from
war the- element of surprise. The
whole plan of battle 'lies open to a
man who can sweep over the vast field
of operations low enough to see all
important details and high enough to
be out Of rifle range.- keeping in com
THE LONG WAY
By John M. Oskison.
Business men and financial leader
i ,. been using a version of "Tip-
perary" that goes something like this:
"It's a long, long way back to nor
mal, but we're headed that way!" The
first part of the line they have whis
pered under their breath, but the last
they have shouted for the encourage
ment of stragglers and the stiffening
of the doubtful.
Courage has been rewarded. Where,
ln the metal trades, the textile fac
tories and heavy manufacturing gen
erally, 40 per cent, of the workers
usually employed were idle in the
month following the outbreak of the
war, it was figured at the end of
November that the percentage of un
employment in these lines . had beea
reduced below '.25.-- War orders have
materially helped to change the fig
urea, but there is no fear that the
showing will not continue to improve
We have got Into the h&btt Of
thinking that the foreign trade is
ruined by the war, but the figures for
October don't show it. W imported
ln October $140,00e.ee of goods,, as
compared with $133,OU,poo last year
in October and our exports amounted
to tU5.000.000. : These are definite
figures. . It is expected that Novem
ber's "figures, when compiled,' will
show a continuing Improvement. i
; Money In circulation amounts to
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
. OREGON SfoEUGHTS
Albany's December rainfall was only
3.22 inches, a shortage of 4.05.
Morrow county's banner year for
marriages was 1914.- according to
County Clerk Hill, who reports 4
couples, surpassing 1913 by 19.
The Srout predicts that the coming
year will be the banner season for
Union. A number of business changes
are announced for early in the new
year.
Klamath Falls will vote January 85
on the question of acquiring the Ank
eny ditch, which it is proposed te
close, it being an obstruction to devel
opment. - a a
Condon's council has agreed to pay
a well driller of the town $2700 when
he brings in for the city a well or
wells with a guaranteed flow of 10
gallons a minute.
The- Molalla Pioneer Invites atten
tion to the matter of fire protection,
saying: "We have the hose carts, hose
and water system installed. We need
some ladders and other small equip
ment and a company organized."
a
"One of the mopt important epochs
in the history of the Rogue river val
ley," says the Gold Hill News, "ia well
under way. It Is the beginning of an
era of cheap motive powerone of the
greatest factors in the development of
any section or country.'.
CoquiUe Sentinel: We have heard
about the Coquille river being froaen
over here years ago. so that it could
be crossed on the ice. and the other
day we asked Mr. Haskin. one of the
old timers, how it was done. He says
mat tn io. was about three quarters
of an inch thick and a lightweight with
two planks, one to walk on and one to
shove, ahead, turned the. trick.'
exrticle,' the third in the series by
wilds and faced death by starva
on aero-dynamics and public safety.
municatlon with headquarters by wire
less telephone and able to return at a
speed of 120 miles an hour with maps
or diagrams. Reinforcements cannot
now be brought up as a complete sur
prise, nor cavalry mask the enemy's
front. Humors of vast numbers, or
even their apparent presence, no long
er frighten when an aeroplane can take
a reckoning from the sky. The day of
swift dramatic strokes is over.
To meet this condition the face of
war has changed. Uniforms have been
worked out, on a' basis of "protective
color." French soldiers have given
up red; troops are forbidden to look
up at aircraft, for nothing is so con
spicuoua as tho human face; and when
marching in column on a wide road.
British soldiers are kept on one side
of the way that, the clear side may
look from above like the whole road.
and deceive the aero-scout.
But scout duty Is by no means the
most valuable of the aeroplane's uses.
It Is the eye of the great gun. Hover
ing over the battle scene it locates the
exact spot where the projectile should
fall, and directs artillery fire. In the
day by exploding aerial bombs, making
a glare of color; at night by dropping
upon the doomed spot a trail of fire.
the aeroplane marks for destruction
places that long range artillery might
reach only after repeated trials. As
an aeroplane complete costs only as
much as one shot from a 14 Inch gun.
the economy becomes apparent.
a
In actual offensive warfare aircraft
has -playefi thus ' far a subordinate
part. Its most picturesque feature
is the aeroplane dart, grimly described
as looking like a steel fountain pen,
released in great numbers from the
under side of a speeding aeroplane,
arrows adapted to the bowstring of
gravity, falling with such frightful
force as to pierce a man Xrom helmet
to heel. Even the Zeppelm has taken
but a small part ln slaughter; Its ef
fect has been largely psychological,
and the terror it engenders will soon
fade unless reinforced by some terrific
deed. Aircraft are feared most before
seen at all; after that the mind quickly
adjusts itself to the new presence In
the sky. -
'
As th locomotive and the telegraph
developed together, and tbe automobile
and the telephone made each Its own
road, so aeroplane and wireless have
left the road altogether for the free
air. Developing so wonderfully In
these times of stress, is it inconceiv
able that when these times are over
the continuing development of the
aeroplane will lift the minds of men
out of tbe oldest road of all. the blood
stained track of war? Its true pur
poses, now bent to destruction, will
be released for civillaztlon. No longer
a fragile thing, but a power to over
pass the flood, level the mountain or
penetrate the desert, It will take up
the work of restoration, carry mall to
isolated places, draw continents to
Ketber to a single day's Journey, until
rat last frontiers will fade beneath Its
flight across a world "protected by law
instead of war.
Copyrighted. 19 IS, by Philadelphia Pnblli
lexer.
BACK TO NORMAL
more than ever "before. The stock of
money in the United States Is suffi
cient trt give a per capita circulation
of IS7.31.J, a new high record, and
compares with $32.03 a year ago.
November's showing of dividend
and interest payments Is not bad,
considering tbe number of reductions
and defaults $112,000,000, as com
pared with $126,000,000 in November
IMS.
- Up to 'November a million more
bales of cotton were ginned than at
the same time last year, and the
number of active spindles was 80,652,
as compared with. 30,855 last year.
Copper Is Increasing in price,' the
steel mills are increasing output,
lumber cut, shows less than a' 4 per
cent decrease, and shipments less than
a 7 per cent falling off; '.he amount
of building-, is increasing everywhere.
It is still some . distance back to
normal, but we can certainly show
that we're making progress toward
that desirable destination. "
Question of Kind.
From Puck.
"I'm a 'glutton forwork! boasted
the man.
: But his wife overheard him, and
asked him to split. some wood.
"Er I mean an epicure! tbe nan
hastened to correct himself.
c
IS EAJU.T DATS"
By rrcd Loekiey, Special Staff writer ef
The Jeurnal. ' -
Fifty years ago Jebu.Switzler was
running the Columbia river ferry, be
tween Vancouver and the Oregon shore
so that All of the old timers who did
much traveling knew Jehu Switsler,
Later the Switzlers went Into freight
ing and stock raising in eastern Ore
gon and Switeler's horses by the thou
sand ranged on the Washington side
of the Columbia as far went as the
western boundary of Klickitat county;
Soon the country began to be settled
and gradually the range was reduced
and with the shrinking range the site
or tne Dands of wild horses began to
grow smaller. As the settlers came
friction developed, with the Indiana
and Jehu Switsler was often called. In
to act as interpreter to helD adjust
matters. : -
Possibly the last time he was called
upon to act in this capacity was
about 30 years ago. The Columbia
river Indians were in trouble over
their land being taken by the whites.
They sent word to the commendinra
officer of the fort at Walla Walla
that they wanted to hold a conference.
Captain rpham of the .First cavalry
met the Indian delegation at -Umatilla
on Saturday, March 15, 1SS4. Jeho
bwltiler was the official interpreter.-
The Indian tribes had selected 40 dele-
gates, seven of them belng sub-chiefs.'
The seven sub-chiefs were Mool Mool.
Wishnotta, Boscappa, Stock, Sisktou
and Blind Jim. !
The Indians stated their grievance
which was that the ranch of Siskieu
near Long island had been Jumped by
John Taylor, a white nrnn, ,and also
that Beaver & Boyd, the owners of
the Umatilla ferry, had taken -up the
land Just across the river from Uma
UUa and had notified the Indians liv
ing there to get off and also that
the white men were digging up the
graves of the Indians tor make a land-
ing place for the ferry. -
Captain Upham, through the Inter
preter told them that in order to hold
their land they must sever their tribal
relation, give up their Indian customs
and declare their intention to become
citizens of the United States. Tou
must file on the land or the white
people will soon have all your land
tken and you will have no land of
your own on which to rest the soles
of your feet," said 'Captain Upham.
The Indians discussed his talk
among themselves and, after the con
ference they delegated Boscappa to
state their views, ltoscappa said: "We
have heard your wortfa. We have pon
dered them. What you say may seem
good to the "whites, but we can not
follow your counsel without violating
our traditions and being false to our
beliefs. Sahale Tyee. the Great Spirit
over all, woul.l be grieved If his red
children took more land than they
leweo ror tneir use. We only need
land enough to put our tenees on and
to be burled in. Soliale Tyee made all
mankind from the dust of the earth
and after a short time this animated
clay returns to the earth's bosom and
is again a part of the earth.. When
we take up the land for our own sel
fish use or when we buy or sell It
we do wrong, for we are selling the
oouies or our ra triers who have gone
back to the earth and are a part of lt
We cannot follow your counsel. " ' j
Captain Upham urged th Indians
to adopt the white man's views and
follow the white man's ways and
take up the land. To this the Indians
answered that they like their own
ways best, that they had watched the
white men and did not want to-be like
mem. captain I pnam advlxe.l them to
take up the lsnd opposite Umatilla In
any event as. union! It Was taken iin
the white man would pay no heed r
the Tact that It was a -Jtruvevard and
would violate the Indian prraves. Mo.l
Mool arose and said: "The land will
rise up and make trouble for us and
bring evil upon us If we take it from
the use of others."., Boscappa. answer-.
ing captain Upham, said: "The
wroat Hpint made the land free Just
as the water is free. The land and
water is ror-the use of all his chll
dreri. He meant It to be kept only
When It Is in use. When an Indian
changes the location of his terea he
seek out a new illlhee. He no longer
coiiiruis ino ia.na rrom which he moves
and which he no longer uses. .Let US
talk 'with General Nelson A. Miles at
Fort Vanconver. He will toll us how
the Great Father at Washington wfU
protect our rights. The council broke
up without accomplishing anything.
The white settlers took up the Indians
ciaims ana secured title to them..
Birthday Reflections.
From the New York Times.
Many happy returns of tbe day to
,r wwrow ii won, Dorn December 23,
185$. That they will be happy , ones
mere is very little doubt. If we are
Jto follow Patrick Henry's advle end
Judge the future by the past.
This 1H not to say that Mr. Wilson's
years have been thoxe of unblemished
success. He has. .like the rest Of us.
had his trials with the eleven obsti
nate Jurors. In Princeton he coul f
not make them see as be saw, but
what happened thera.lg best recorded
in a saying ascribed to him. to the ef
Ifect that when they kifked bint up
stairs they had no idea how far they
were kicking him.
Hijf path looked rugged when he be
came governor of New Jersey, but the
two birthdays he spent In that office
saw him triumphant over the Rmith
Nugent machine which We had Chal
lenged with apparent rashhessl sad
the second showed him ending his
gubernatorial term as president-elect
through a fortunate division In: tb
Republican party. That division bad
apparently come about under the In
fluence of Wilson's' lucky star. Two
birthdays have come end gone in tfce
White House, and each has seen a
president with 'such an Iron grip e
congress as hardly any of his prede
cessors ever bad, with' the confidence
of the country and tbe frequently ac
knowledged respect of the outside
world. When the next birthday comes,
he will undoubtedly be recognized as
the only candidate on the Democratic :
side for the presidency. And the
birthday after that? Only a sooth
sayer could answer; but if it is not In
mortals to command success, Wood--
row Wilson has done more he bas de
served it.
No Objection Whatever. r ;
From the Cleveland Leader.
The British government probably
won't object if the kaiser bangs an
iron cross on George Bernard Shaw's
neck, provided It weighs about a ton,:
The Sunday Jourrtal
The Great Home Newspaper,
consists of
Five news sections replete with
illustrated features.
. Illustrated magazine - of quality.
Woman's pases of rare merit
Pictorial news supplement -Superb
comic section. -
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