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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 4, 1915)
THE. OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, I PORTLAND, MONDAY EVENING. JANUARY' ,4, . 1915. a, r:':i: . T-i ip -. irM At 'llimited I ML JUUKINML . JACklKf .M.,,.j.,..'i.AflMW. vlilHttrt rrn? vwntnc tccccpt '1T erf wnAy mnlm at Sh Jmtmsl ItolM .urri at r.lorfK- at fiTdaad, or., for . , traaBltu itruogk lb i; walks seees. t t.l.r.r'HU.NKK.-.MsIs TlTij Mem. 4finonU r-1 fcj llm asaibsrs. J rh twtor what wrtint y war. - tllMUN AUVKU'llBiNO KEPKKSKNT.T' Vg H'limlti kaatixtr Co.. Bnioc BMc-. K3 Hfta Ar.t Kv Tor. ISIS rPl twai4ma larai by nail to " t la is. United fe loku , DAILY.- -- " ' "-.v- , - ;. .,. ...S.oo On. ssnt&......J M Oaa ! r .. I On iwnlt.. ....f ;' DAII. A!I .OJm.Y. -m r... .. .JT M t tirtli -fS Success la sweet; the sweeter If tons delayed and Attained . through manifold struggle. and defeats.- A. Bron.on Aleott. ; T4IE SIERKS CONFESSION r r THE confession made by John O. H. Sierks is true, a stock ing state murder of an Innocent man has been averted In Oregon ' But for the convictions that Governor- West has always held , against capital punishment, John Arthur. 'Pender would have sone to the gallows weeks ago, and now be beyond the call of Justice. If then, this extraordinary con--lefcsion be true, Governor West, who has been traduced, vilMfied ' and condemned for his attitude to ward .hangings, stands Justified with a 1 vindication that seldom ' comes to any man. , ' Even If the confession can never be confirmed, enough of doubt has been thrown over the case to Jus tlfy Governor West a thousand times in . standing between Pender and the gallows. r The doubt that had been raised sends a . shiver through the state at thought of what might . have teen. .. .Capital punishment was abol ished in .one of the states because of -the discovery that an Innocent man. had been hung for a murder committed by another. In another state; it was abolished because two men '.: were on the point of being , executed, when It was fortunately discovered that they were about to be hanged for a crime of, which they were guiltless. About three years ago, a con vlct in. a New York prison was set x. ;at "liberty after serving more -than . ftwenty years for a murder he did not commit, as was proven by the .confession of a dying man. In I Prance about the, same time, a pris oner, who had "served more than! . fifteen years, was released because proven innocent by the confession L of thereal murderer. By reason of , ' i,be long incarceration and his mtl V'anchcJy reflections over his unjust punishment, his mind failed shortly after release and he soon died. ;.T Of ! course, there Is yet to be in- vestlgation to get some kind of eonflrmatiou of the Sierks confes sion It ig unfortunate that the Iran who made it is an inmate of the Insane asylum. Yet It Is not to be expected that such acts as the Wehrman murder would be . Committed by a perfectly normal man.; . , j In any event,- further investiga i tion Jmay lead to details by which Komej degree of certainty can Be arrived at. Details that Sierks :r, gives, can be used as a basis for .clue that can be followed up; even at 0.1s late day with a very " . good, chance of discovering cor- roboratlve evidence. s . " ( In! any event, fenough doubt has arisen to make ft a. fortunate fact V thati executive clemency In the Pen :; dpr case was exercised by Governor West. A LOCAli QUARREL ROM this distance the agita tion In Columbia county rela tive -to highway work seems 'to be a game of political bat- tledore between different sections of the county in which the state '' highway engineer and state hlgh 1 way commission-are made the ..shuttlercock. Apparently it is an echo of the recent recall! campaign in the county which resulted in the recall of the members of the county court. , . According to County Judge - Clark, who wept into office on the crest of the recall; wave the Columbia County T a xp a y e r . League, which passed resolutions criticising the work of . Highway Engineer "Bowl by, is not representa- " tire of the sentiment of the .county. .(r So far as known the work of the. state highway commission in other 1 counties in the state .has been altogether "satisfactory chiefly . for, the reason that there has been . no serious . differences ( over the location of the improvement, as ex isted in Columbia county. It was unfortunate for that county that - a local dispute over the; choice of a - route arose. I In " road improvement;; the first consideration - should be the serv r ; ing; of the greatest number. KINGS OP THE NORTH T IS reported from Copenhagen Ithat Sweden, Norway and Denmark- will ' continue ! their' al 4 -liance after the European war has ended. It Is declared prob able that : the understanding . be tween.; these small nations may re sult in a .strong Scandinavian- na tion,' divided! Into ; three ladepen dent:, families. -j L Their v kings met : recently at Malmo and discussed war matters, Ther came to the conclusion that they : must stand together In. a cooperation for peaceful ends. r-They insist that war be kept out ofT their territory, and they acree to use their Influence for the maintenance of neutrality; These kings of the north have made, history. Whether or not there is a.- future Scandinavian na tion, two facta stand out The kings decided that alignment with either 6lde of 'warring Europe would not pay, 'and that the three nations, of similar blood, Ideals and Aims, should bo acting on an important occasion in unison. Thi active . alliance for peace, prosperity and- national integrity is evidence that all Europe has not gone war-mad. In spite of in juries to'. tielr commerce wrought by modern methods of "civilized" warfare, Sweden, Norway and Den mark hold that two misfortunes would not mean good fortune. The three little nations, in the midst of war, refuse 'to participate in It and have agreed that petty antag onism. should not take precedence over sober judgment. The world vrould welcome a strong, Scandinavian nation resting upon such a foundation. All three countries are characterized by tem perance, .industry, honesty and in telligence. Their percentage of il literacy is the least, among Ameri can immigrants. Their com merce averages more per capita than does ours. The Scandinavians are well equipped to take the lead in showing Europe how nations as well as people can live peaceably as neighbors. BOY BURGLARS T HE other day In Portland, two boys of 21 and 19, after be ing arrested, confessed that they were out to burglarize East Side houses. Both carried revolvers, and one had a flash light and other tools of the trade. Two boys of 14 confessed that they burglarized the butcher shop of E. G. Huston on East Glisan street. How is it to fare with clviliza tion when mere boys are turning burglar? And why are the boys becoming criminals? What do parents think their boys are doing when lads In thsir teens travel around town with pis tols in their pockets? MARRIAGE AND DIVORCE D IVORCES in Tacoma during 1914 equaled twenty-two per cent of the marriages. Every fifth marriage was a failure, and then eome. A home was breffcen up on an average of one every 22 hours, 33 minutes, 33 -seconds. Divorce decrees increased twelve per cent in one year. Th state of Washington is awakening to the fact that some thing must be done to stop this increase. To enable the courts to deal more intimately and with greater power of investigation in divorce matters, the legislature will be asked to confer wider pow ers upon the judiciary. Hereto fore the courts have been obliged to pass upon the merits of, divorce cases with only a partial glimpse at the home lives of quarreling couples. The legislature is to be asked to authorize the judges to make full investigations with a view of settling difficulties wher ever possible. Michigan is also confronted by too many unhappy, marriages. But in Michigan the legislature is to be asked to strengthen the marriage laws. It is said there that matri mony has been reduced to the status of an ordinary contract. It is easily voidable in case either contracting party violates the terms of agreement. Its sacramental character has lost much of its for mer significance. - As a remedy against hasty mar riages, which contribute largely to divorce court records, Michigan judges and clergymen will ask he legislature for a law requiring pub lication of the bans for a period of thirty or sixty days. The in terval is suggested as a safeguard that will permit friends of each party to notify either of any seri ous fault that might make mar rlage a failure. The legislature may also be asked for a law re quiring a health certificate. Something should be done to keep people out of the .divorce courts. There was a time when people were supposed to be mar ried for better or for worse. Then matrimony was a solemn compact Now it may be nothing more than evidence of recklessness. There will, be fewer divorces and fewer wayward children when marriage Is restored to its former status. VALUE OP WATER ROUTES V.i. ii T HE collector of customs of the port of Chicago reports that record amounts of wheat. , oats and flour were shipped by the great lakes water route dur ing 1914. Wheat shipments were as great as those In the four pre ceding years combined. ,1 The European demand for food stuffs' on account of the war ex plains heavy shipments of grain and flour ln recent months, and it is significant that movement of these commodities was effected by way of the cheaper water route. When , the new Erie canal Is" com pleted much of the middle west's grain will move by water all the way to the Atlantic: seaboard Most of the lake shipments are now taken only as far as Buffalo by water, reaching tidewater by i transshipment of the railroad. I" A strong argument in favor of I the water route is the general five per cent advance in railroad rates J east of the Mississippi. That ad- vance ' does not apply to lake or . lake and rail shipments.. Cities situated on the great lakes will es cape In part the burden of higher freight rates that must be paid by inland shipping points. - '. ; The Chicago News, commenting on the facts, says that with ad vancing .rail ; rates the country should put forth greater efforts than ever before to secure the early improvement of Inland water routes.' .The- advice is "timely, and to .' It should be' added the . sug gestion that ; people generally make greater vise of the waterways they have, 'i 4 . " ' The great lakes help regulate freight rates because the lakes are used by shippers. Higher railroad rates now threatened in the we6t "Would be largely offset in the Northwest - If the Columbia, ' Its tributaries and other great water ways, were made actual carriers of commerce : IN THE GREAT NORTH T HOMAS RIGGS JR., a member of the Alaska engineering commission r?says the pro posed railroad in that terri tory can be made remunerative. After surveying-routes and gather ing data he declares that, exclu sive of coal whlftn may be hauled for private consumption, the gov ernment line will carry' enough freight and passengers to pay the cost of maintenance and operation from the day it is built. t The United States geological survey has - Issued a preliminary statement concerning the mineral resources of Alaska. ! There it is stated that the certainty of railway connection with the Yukon basin has greatly stimulated both pros pecting and - mining development. There was a noticeable increase in investigation of large mining enter prises" in J.914 compared with pre vious years. This was due solely to the expectation of heaper;trans portation. i . , Mr. Riggs made his statement before report of tests of Matanuska" coalwas made public. He said that if this fuel should be found suitable for naval and military use, the gov ernment railway will immediately become profitable. Matanuska coal has been found to be all that is re quired by naval standards. There fore, unless Mr. Riggs is mistaken, the new government railroad in Alaska will begin business as a revenue producer. There are many evidences that Alaska is beginning to awaken. It is a country rich in resources, a j be of the sMghtest historical import country that is attracting the at- i ance, not in such numbers as to work tention of eastern cities and dis- any practical modification of the gen tant peoples. Portland should not f83 ln which they lost, toem stand to one side and become a History tells u that the Celts were mere spectator. A part cf this r-ltv'a expatpr fntvir lies in the far city s greater rur nes in tne jar north, but it is a future that must be pursued. A BIG ESTATE T HE last will and testament of his late majesty the king, Annus 1914, 'has been filed in the probate court. Con trary to general ' expectation the legacies to charity and education are small.- Nearly all the goods and. chattels of which he was pos sessed ar& left to his only direct heir, his son and successor," Annus 1915. - ' Among the things devised and bequeathed to him are the Eu ropean war, the baseball war, the San Diego and San Francisco ex positions, the Columbia highway and the Oregon legislature. During-his life Annus 1915 is to enjoy the usufruct of the Port land public auditorium and munici pal garbage collection and inciner ator which are to be held in trust for his son, Prince Immediate Future. A codicil added to the will a few days before death reads as follows: "To my possible descendant, Far Distant Future, I devise and be queath the following, to-wit: The paving of ; lower. East Broadway, ! the Mexican revolution, the tariff question, the reduction of taxation, the spirit of militarism, world dis armament! dress reform, Interna tional peace, preparations for na tional defense, full justice among men, an awakened public con science, civic decency, religious tol eration and the millenium. "I have but little confidence that he can govern ' these things with satisfaction to all, but-the will at least furnish him with diversion and take his mind away, from more unpleasant duties." , .The estate will yield a large in heritance tax. - s j - WISCONSIN'S IXC03IE TAX i jfN 1814 Wisconsin's . income tax law produced $4,140,571 In revenues. ; Of this amount $1, 423,914: was collected from 60,- 860 Individuals and $2,716,657 from " corporations. The total tax Increased $56,074 Vpver the year 1913. The law has been in effect three years, and the figures are interest ing because Wisconsin claims to have the cheapest tax jaw in the cost ojt administration to be found in" any .civilized country,- Of the total amount 90 per cent , is re tained by the locality in which it is collected and 10 . per cent goes to the state, 'which pays all- the expense of administration. The cost to the. state Is less than $90, 000 annually. " Milwaukee county, which in cludes the city of Milwaukee, has 18.56 per cent of the state's popu lation and pays 42.55 per cent of the . tax. Sixteen" counties having cities of the second and third classes have 33.21 per; eent of the taxable and pay 26.79 per cent of the tax. The' remaining 54 counties,, with.. 48.23 per cent of the population, pay 30; 6 6 per cent of the tax. There: are . 315 individuals with incomes In excess of $15,000 over exemptions, and these; people pay 40 per cent of the totals collected from individuals. Of the 30,860 nonnla nrhr. rnrtct nar R8 rwr pent! t . . , . , -., t have taxable Incomes,; , above ex- . emptions, of . less, than; 1000 ana t pay altogether ; 3.74 per cent ot.l the tax. Sixty per cent of the totaj coueeiea irom t wuiviuusib comes from people who have in comes in excess of $5000. As a class, merchants are hit hardest by the law. Bankers and capitalists pay the highest average for any one class, 982 paying $116.33 per individual.! 'But bank- of the total number of people ' taxed.. ,i i Bookkeepers pay an ? average of .$4.96; brokers and real estate men, $20,86; laborers, $2.91, and . law yers. $59.66. ' Letters From the Peopls (Commanlcatlons sent to The Journal for pnbUcktktn la tbla department should be writ ten en only on aide of the paper. ' (braid not exceed 800 word la lenjtb nd must b ac roiBpaDied by tbe name and address of the sender. It tbs writer does not desirs to bave tbe nam pabllsbed, be sboald so state. I "DiBcnaslon la tba greatest I of all reform era. It rationalize everything; it touches. It roii principles of aU false : sanctity acd throws them back on their reasonableness. If tbey bare no reasonablensaa. It rntblessiy cTosbes them oat of existence- and set up Its own conclusions in tbelr stead." Woodrow WUaoa. . .j . The Celt and the Briton. Portland, Jan. 1. To the Editor Of The Journal I would like to correct some mistakes relating to English his tory, printed In a letter to' The Jour nal Thursday evening. ; The author states that there was "scarcely a trac of Celtic blood left when the Romans left Britain." , ' We are told by history that the Romans left-very little trace- of any thing but their roads and a few names. The Island of Britain was much less influenced than continental provinces. Again, even if we Uo know some thing of ; the fate of the Celt after the Teutonic Invasion, It is not as he states. He says, "They, were not ex terminated, or driven out. They re mained right there, and -their de scendants are there yet.l and In the majority." Their descendants may be there, but they are certainly not in the majority. In fact, the Encyclo paedia Brittanica says, speaking of the Celts, "Tet we may be quite certain that in both cases" (speaking also Of the Saracen conquest 'of. Roman "Af rica) ''some slaves ahd renegades here and there conformed to the new state of things. The only point is, that driven westward and northward, soma Klns to Wales and some to Cornwall, itm . n w-lKh. or Welshk language. Where. the author get his idea that the majority of The English' of today resemble the Spaniard and the Italian, is a mystery to me. JI was born In England and lived there several years and I failed to note any : resemblance to Spaniard or Italian unless it was in the gypsies that infested the coun try place.. By this I do not mean to cast any disparagement on these nationalities, but merely mean that the general features were somewaat alike. It. is true ' that some of the original inhabitants of Britain before the Celts inhabited Britain, resembled the Basque, of Spain, but those are long ago extinct. Moreover, our author Is inconsistent, for in the first place he Informs us that the Celts "are there yet and in the majority." Later he tells us that the "majority of them are more nearly akin to the Spaniard and 'the Italian." What inconsistency! I have studied English history in England and Amer ica and have yet to find where our author obtained tiis information. ANNIE WATKINS. i . t Swedenborg. Ballston, Or., Dec. 31.-i-To the Ed itor! of The Journal Please answer in your letter column: Wa. Sweden borg a jspirit medium, as I have heard stated, or did he teach spiritualism? FRANK; KIMSEY.' Swedenborg's remarkable psychlsm had no relation whatever to either the phenomena of spiritualism or the meth ods of. the spiritualist. Taking his self -reported experiences I for granted, he differed from the medium in the following; respects: Instead of mim. monlng or Inviting spirits, or In proper receptive state awaiting their appar ance, he represents himpelf as, , in spirit, making excursion, into celes tial realms and there conversing with the Inhabitants, and veven with the Risen Lord himself, as coherentlv and lucidly as one ordinary human being converses with' another. He made no "exhibition" use . Of hi. reputed gift nor was he at all puffed up about it. He held nimself to be. under an obli gation by means of it to reveal the ulterior significances of Holy Writ, and was humble accordingly. He did not attempt to make any. other use of it. Swedenborg; before the assumed the role of mystic had achieved fame as a scientist of uncommon range and penetration. His achievements in in view of : the period in; - which 1 he wrought the first hair of th eighteenth century. So greitf a - man as Carlyle estimates Swedenborg's as one of the" great minds of all time, and awhile philosophers, -reject bis frame-un of the spiritual univprsp iChe greatest of them since his day nave seen, through- and beyond " his system, the magnificence, purity and freedom of hi. spiritual concepts. Per sonally, Swedenborg, in private char acter, was all that was pare, unselfish and lovable.: : Well Kept Poultry Portland.' Or., Jan. 2.- To the Editor of The Journal A. J. Martin, in his recent communication, advocates driv ing chickens from Portland on ac count of their being filth jr. . When chickens prove a "nuisance" it is the owners of the poor creatures that are filthy, and heartless as well. X could conduct you to a tiny poultry plant in almost the heart of Portland that i. as clean as most people's homes, and the neighbors one and all approve It and clamor for, tbe delicious eggs that the hens reward their owner with. I wonder If Mr. Martin knows that there is a model poultry yard on the roof of the Rits-Carlton in New York. No . one considers . it nuisance, and the guests - at that .famous hostelry think It a great blessing. . It Is not fair- that those who care A FEW SMILES- Parent Aren't your two children- some thing of a problem? Second Modern Par-?nt- Yes, Indeed. They g-o away to school for 38 weeks to camp for 10, that ' leaves four whole weeks, when I don't know where to tnem. Life , Comedian While Ravenyelp traveling In Italy le thought tt would a t presB , stunt to get himself captured .. by bandits L-uJTA the scheme work? Comedian Roh bera aaptured him all right,' but when they J found -he was-an actor, they made him work for his board. Judge. Lawyer (to timid young 'woman) Have you ever . appeared aa a wlt nsg in a milt before? Young, woman (blushing) Yes, sir, of course. wf J Cjlft - Lawyer riease state to the jury just I what unit it wan whaf suit it was. xounsr woman. (with more confi- i dence) It wa. a j nun's .veiling, shirred down the front ! and trimmed with a lovely blue, and nat to match; Judge (rapping violently) Order In the court. faithfully for the comfort of -these feathered friends be made to suffer because; some people are so lazy and cruel that they keep helpless creatures confined ln filth.. If chickens are worth keeping they should have a dry, respectable house in which' to sleep, and not the eyesore made of broken boxes or barrels that one Often sees. Surely the humane society or police department .hould prevent the abuse of these creatures that often exists, but let us not compel tho.e who care faithfully for their pets, to suffer with the guilty. .CHICKEN CRANI-C. The Widow's Pension.' Tidewater. Or., Dec 28. To the Ed itor of The Journal Please tell through your paper whether the coun ty court .decides how much money a widow can draw as widow's pension, or whether there is a certain amount allowed by law according to the num ber of children she may have .under 16 years old. If so, how much is al lowed? . C. R. S. The amount Is fixed by law. The court that is charged with the duty of administering the law finds how much is due under the terms of the act, and awards the payment. The law pro vides that every woman who la her self, and all of whose children are wholly dependent upon her labor for support, .hall receive $16 per month for one child and $7.50 per month for each additional child; but if depend ence upon the mother's labor is only partial, the amount to be paid shall be euch only as, with her income from other sources, shall equal the amount that would be paid in the case of chil dren found entirely dependent upon the mother's labor.! For Universal Peace. Portland, Jan. 2. To the Editor of The Journal After having done what I- can to promote peace on earth, I take pleasure In telling the people of Portland that Mr. Bryan has notified me through his office at Washington, D. C-, that he ha. a peace plan. As to Its working all" right; that remains to be seen. I will ""say I told him in a communication that the only assur ance for permanent peace would be for all nations to unite and elect one ruler by. the popular vote of the peo ple. . So long as there are two distinct nations there w.111 be war. Kindly help us to promote peace. BENJAMIN W. ADAMS. The Modern Hero. By- Mr.. Harriet M. Talmadge. He goes not forth to battle, with armor polished bright. With glistening spear and sabre, on steed the hue of night; No heralding of, trumpets his forward march foretells, No shouts from following army his patriot bosom swell. i For he's just a maru His chained 'feet tread the valley, dreAmed-of hilltops far away, A. toil for home and children con sumes him day bjk day. What time for Fame's alluring, where youth expectant led. When loved bodies need be .covered ; and hungry mouths be fed? No laurel crown is promised, . no knighthood plumes await His proud return at evening to hi. L . Jil-J . nuninie castie gate; no banners flv. As success .and fame and fortune merely beckon and pass b For he's just a man. His to bend ,the burdened shoulder., - bare the back and spread the palm. As down. the line comes ringing the weary toiler's psalm. What heart is left for climbing where younp ambition led. When loved bodies must be covered and hungry mouths' be. fed? When doubt and failure threaten, his to hear their wolfish whine. But be smile, and softly whispers, "Sweetheart, we are doing fine!" So through days and years and ages ".runs the conflict fierce, unseen; Come disaster, wot or famine, I know he stands between - l For he's ray man! He seeds no gilded armor whom love a shield hath made .: - That steels the heart with patience, unflinching, unafraid, 'Whose soul attuned to mountains plods . dreary plains instead. That loved bodies, may be covered and -hungry mouths be fed. - - ' Salem, Oregon, December ,24, 1914. f , mi i . ii. ,m i i.ii .in ' ' Relieving Unemployment. ' . .From the Chicago N.w.g. Following a few weeks' consideration of the subject, the municipal markets commission has framed a report on local unemployment, with recommenda tions. ? This report may serve to arouse interest because of its striking- estimate- that the economic waste due to unemployment ; ln Chicago during the rirsf three months of -the coming -year Will amount yirtually, to 118,000,000. It would be well to bear, in mind, however,'" that the commission's sug gestions are largely of an emergency ,-v. . I-,- h.9rinc, M.n , .nK. Ject of relief rather than on system- -. . i auc ana oroaa means ior preventing unemployment. For illustration, the commission emphasizes employment on public work and proposes that much of this work be postponed until time, when It may help to relieve the need, of men who can find no other remun erative labor. It Is true that in Germany, for in stance, the' more Important cities In normal times undertake to provide for considerable numbers of workless men during the winter months In stone breaking, road making, removal of earth and similar kinds of public re lief iwork." This 1. Intended to over come unemployment : of an unusual character, not because of strike., lock outs,, overcrowding of particular In- On bis field of silent8 battle the hosts4Keever ot .the. 6tate Agricultural col PERTINENT COMMENT SMALL. CHANGE Give the old year credit for quitting on time, i V .." .He" who gets rich qukk is apt to go broke In a hurry. Many a great man Is never heard of 20 miles from- home; Men with a Iteen sense of humor never try to tell funny etorles. . People ,wbo believe that rock and rye will cure a cold usually have one. ' Occasionally a man laughs at a joke on himself, but he never really means it. When people say mean things about you, it is a safe bet that you had it I ' ' - A young man is not Justified In taking an eye opener because he is blindly in love. Cultivate patience. You will need It when a self made man begins .to tell you the story of his life. The average man isn't half as square with other men as he' expects other men to be with him. With straphangers it appears be immaterial whether they hang to- gether or hang separately. If, there Is anything more miserable than a city pigeon In a rainstorm something should be done about it. It Is an easy matter to keep a strangle hold o yoUr temper if you know that it will cost you your job to turn it loose. ' A PROTEST Written for The Journal by ' David Starr Jordan. CopyrijthUd, 1915, by Philadelphia Poblie Ledger. In the conduct of the-present war in Europe, there are many Incidents which to us of the United States seem to be violation, of treaties, or of common decency and humanity. It Is the desire of tbe great body of peo ple of the United States to be in full eccord with the apparent policy of President Wilson. But the neutrality as between the interests of the strug gling people does not involve indif ference or ignorance ln regard to the events of this war. Our judgments must be in the wards of- William Lloyd Garrison, "harsh as truth,- un compromising as Justice." It seems to us that the acts which are apparently unjustified cannot be separated individually, but that all are parts of ..political system,- alien to our thought: and feelings, and with mani festations which we abhor The idea that a state has an exist ence apart from the will and the wel fare of the people residing in it is not an American idea. To us the state has no moral right superior to that of the people within It, and we cannot admit that it may expand its strength, or extend its culture by a forcible as sertion of its will on other states. In the matter of Belgium the Amer ican people see not alone the viola tions of treaties,, the disregard for , the pledges at The Hague, but the break ing of ' faith with civilization."- But while these facts are Illustrated by in dividual deeds of greater or less mo ment, it is not-the part of pur nation to enter complaint as to particular case, of 'breach of International faith. We recognize thatv all the events in Belgium are part of a general plan of domination through force and fear, an attempt througfi military effi ciency land merciless dealing with the people of small or refractory states to secure the domination of Europe. .The defense of German - culture against the L; tin and the Slav has been for year, interpreted in terms of agression, tVie .enforcement of the national-will through relentless military efficiency. World-power has been held as the national ideal and downfall as the only possible alternative. To this scheme as a whole, as well as to all of its component parts, as these have been unrolled before us, the great - majority of the people of the United States are unalterably op posed as, in earlier time, they have been opposed to imperial domination on the part - of other nations of Eu rope. To -prptest against any, part of the military plans, tlm ultimatum to Servia, . the burning of Louvaln. the TEACHING BOYS By John M. Oskison. In Kansas lives a man who Is much interested in the economic education of boys and girls. He is Professor Mc- lege. Lately he has published some bulletins containing wise observations on the need for teaching boys to earn and save money and on the methods of doing this. ' Among farmers especially, says Pro fessor McKeever, there Is a general reluctance to let growing boys have money to handle except on euch hol idays a. the Fourth of July and Christmas. xWhen the boy. gets his quarter on a holiday he Is puzzled as to how to spend It. "Often ln a case like this, it is found that the father is looking upon his son as a kind of Investment to be made as profitable as possible. This boy's time belongs to me. lm at considerable expense for his board and clothes and winter schooling, and I have the right -to require him to do all he can in return, I had ver;' .little spending money? during my boyhood.' This is, in substance, the sentiment du.trte. and kindred causes. " It Is to be noted, likewise, that in moat of the German , cities where this practice pre vails the work Is given only to resi dents and especially to those who are married! or to other, who have person, dependent upon them. An Important feature is that, only sufficient wage are paid to avert the necessity of re course t charity, lest the worker should fal to return to his usual occu pation as soon as possible. - In Germany, as elsewhere, it 1. real ized that this i. only one phase of the broad problem, which ought to be treated a. a national ,af t air and han dled through' wide, cooperative effort and with the pressing- need In mind l of furlherinsr mean, ior tne prsrenuun of chronic or periodic unemployment. ' t-v.1- n...nHi tafrr. KhonM be remem- Thin essential fact should be remem Jered by tho.e who weigh the merits end the shortcomings of the, municipal market commission's report. ' -ii.. . . General Xee's Tactics. 1 ; . From the Omaha, World-Herald. It Is . being said by some foreign military writer, that General Lee. was tho inventor of the tactics that are now, governing the fighting -of all the armies.- Hp defense against Grant, who outnumbered his : tattered,-: half starved troops, by fighting in trenches is referred to as the eame that all the generals have now adopted. - The Ger man, invested a gun that made forts useless,, but- tbe guna are practically made i useless by. the trenches. The AND NEWS IN BRIEF OREGON SIDELIGHTS Larine'a ice harvest la reported ended, with a store of six to nina Inch stuff .laid up for next summer. 1915 has been placed at 1 mills, j wmcn is nulls lower than last years. I ' "A word comes to us," ays the Sheridan Sun; "of a desire dn the part of some to form a University club In tilieridan. Such a club might be a fine thing If conducted rightly, and the plan drema feasible because of the many college and university graduates ln felertdan.; , .... 1 Clatskante Chief: The Interest man!-I fest throughout the eounty In the tax- J payers meetinjr'at St. Helena Tuesday I as evidenced by the large attendance Hi a very hopeTul sign. As we ent.r upon the new year It would teem that the alate waa nearly cleared and there are prospects of a fairly harmonious year In county endeavor. system has been inaugurated at the I Snider opera house. On evening, when the tegular show I. ariven the chair. I on the west sid pt h house are re - moved at the end of the first enter tainment no that those who desire may trio the liaht fantastic durlna- thai Specimen of Pendleton Coffee club'. I work Btate1 In th. Ea.t Ormnlfl! "Through the agency of the "Coffeel iut thi-oa man ami 9 hnv vMtA,vt found employment on the C. P. Bow- I man ranch near Echo. John Wilson, tne young toy picnea up nere oy the I police in company with a professional hobo, will not only be given a home by Mrs. Bowman but will be given $10 - a month. - AGAINST WAR1 seiirore of hostages, the extortion of indemnity, the sowing of mines In the fairway of traffic, the dropping of bombs, might tend to confuse our fun damental condemnation of tbe whol. conception of national achievement, of which- these outrage, form an Inte gral part. Military efficiency la to n. not normal phase ef civilization, but a phase of barbarism. But our hostility to these intrusions of barbarism into civilization doe. not Involve us ln any conflict with Germans aa a people, with whom our relations have always been of . the friendliest kind. Our president, who represent, all of us, retains an attitude of absolute neu trality, and. the condemnation unoffi cial but almost universally expressed by our people is more effective than if it were a matter of official record. Tbe multitude of letter., memoir, and books in explanation,' denial or excuse. how the profound effect of American criticism as privately and personally expressed. When the war began Ger-I mans ln general had no conception that the administration of their na-i tion . would be thus under fire. They regarded it as infallible as well as invincible. The people of the United States do not conceive it as their duty to use the force of arm. on nation, which break their pledge.. This leaves three alternative, in its disapproval of the great scheme, of which the punish- ment of Servia, and the seizure of Belgium are initial facts, It may fight; It may make a great noise, or it may be officially silent while its people are free to speak. To make aa official protest would be futile as to final results. It would objumrs In men tion of details our abhorrence of the whole scheme, of the use of force in commercial rivalry, or. In national ag grandizement. It would abandon our neutral position, and it would Involve us in the consideration of excuse, and countef charges, wholly irrelevant to 1 the main issue. Our president 1. now free, when the day of mediation cornea to act as a friend to the great people. concerned, to all of whom this sense less and ruinous war 1. most unwel- ccme, and who most earnestly desire I lasting peace. To "hack a way through" civiliza tion is the sum of outrage, by whom soever committed, or whatever the de tails of the method by which It 1. ac complished. To consider excuses or apologies for detail. . In some de gree to condone the real offense. The huge fact of the crushing of Belgium submerge, all details. Our thought Is expressed in these words of Emerson: "What you are speaks so loudly wo cannot hear what you say." TO SAVE MONEY expressed by a prosperous farmer. The boy was exploited for the sake of the farm, and not the farm for the sake of the boy." Contrasted with that farmer. Pro fessor McKeever found another who said: 'I never gave one of my boys a cent. They always earned .11 they got, and they learned, under my guidance, how to spend it how to know It. value," Another mother complained that her son was a spendthrift then confessed that until he was 21 year, old he'd ! never rxen aiiowea to spena anything. Whether on the farm or In the city the boy- who means to learn the value of money must begin aa early .. pos sible to earn a little and to spend a little less. As soon as a boy can dress himself without help he can be taught the ioui neip ne can De. iaugnt tne most needful lessons ln mathematics by rewarding with pennies a prompt and obedient spirit In hi. .'.r.t spend- ing ne can oe moi eaauy laugm tne importance of spending only for really neslrable things, and of alway. keeping back something for a savings fund. soldiers of the two armies dig their way toward each other and the lines are so extended that the big guns are not so destructive a. the mobile field artillery. Grant tried frontal attack. against trenches in - hi. Richmond campaigns until his corps commanders protested iagalnst the useless slaugh- ter and then he went to advancing by trenches himself.. ' The trench has destroyed another pet theory. It does not seem to be necessary that men should be drilled for a yean or two before they can be relied upon as fighting soldiers. There are no drills ln the trenches. . The ef fectlve soldier is tho one who can-dig the best and know. how. to handle a gun. The men who art gathered from the shop, and jofftce. must have a few months of -fnu.cular exercise . before they, -can make quick marches and do ffW-tiv, rlieelnr in th truiehu A man taken out of am office, weighted down with ammunition, a knapsack and a blanket, could not march very far or dd much digging. It Is probable that arm-v nfflr.liLla will now turn their attention ' away from constructing forts and building big guns and de vote it to Inventing a more expeditious way-of digging trenches, j . --. f? "Just ' as GooO From the Tale Record. . . :WIId-eyed ; istomer: Z want quarter's worth of carbolic ackU Clerk This . i. hardware - store. D.t we nave er a line lin. or ropes, revolvers and razors. .: : - , v -T ' J ' ' - - - - m . t "UK EABIT DATS- ! By Frs Lockley, gpaeisl Staff Write, afll - Tae Journal. ". '- William II. Packwood. who l thee enly surviving member of the state t onatltutloial convention of 1857, - In 9. apeaiung of his experiences in Oregon :or. year. ago. told a graphia ry or. the wreck of tha Lincoln, on which C company of the First dragoons were numnrt c e-,.ia . e P"! I ,m Francisco ort Orford. II. said: ? ' ,w ."About December 27. 1851. th Lln- co,n three masted schooner or 30 t008. sailed from San Francisco Iforf Port Orford. Oregon, and Puget sound. J h. . ' - ., w fi t.ra wero on board Lieutenant It W.f eswnton of C company. First united i States dragooBs; Dr. Borrell. U. S. A., . . . " ! I nd 38 oUir of company C, of whom i-hbs uuv. mi captain oi m bincoiDfj was Captain Nagle. The Lincoln ' was la An Aid VPHttoT that hai4 rrtns "aitntiyul 111 an oId vessel that had come around Cap. Horn, and was ln poor condition n f nr ani .de t3lft noldu Oatft whn aftuthi ! weet storm .truck us and drove the vessel north of Port Orford. Soon aner tne norm oroKe-tne vessel oegan q to lnaJt. TwaIvm nf tho anlillara u-,m I nA. . t..cr ' T. "" ."""' " T f in on us. Tne cargo of the vessel wa. stored in the hold, and consisted of barrel, h and boxea. On these barrel, and- boxes V planks were laid. The planked walk 8 extended from the officer. cabin, at i the stern of the vessel, to the for.-? caatle. where the sailor.' bunk, were, n -nr. i . . . i i . r n sicpi uii ine plan k, or rvncr lay aw.Ke on tnem, wnen not ai worn i i uie iuiui- x nere w an auuui luur. feet of space between our bed. and 7 the deck of the vessel". - The only wayl of getting down or out wa. througtt the main batch. The water came in P KA l 1 .. m . V. .....1 n .. iiviu Blue orr 1 1 1 luo cnori. oliiu we could hear the w a ah and swish of it running among . the barrels and cargo. It never came up to our planks, on -which We lay, the work on the pumps holding the water to- about a certain height, with but alight gain. "On January 1, 1852. the water wast beginning to gain on the pumps. Thai steward told us the - water was over the floor of the officer.' cabin. On the second the atorm calmed somewhat and Captain Nagle took the .un, about noon, and he and the lieutenant ue- ? termlned to head for the coast, and falling to make it, they decided to jettison the cargo to lighten the ves sel. There was but one whaleboat left. We had two when we started. One f was smashed to pieces when a Dig t wave rolled over the vessel. If the s dumping of the: cargo and the pumps failed to keep her afloat,-and it be I came necessary to use the whaleboat, ! there would hve been trouble, as the S I whaleboat could carry but a ' small j portion of those aboard. There was! an ugly feeling among the men, and fight would have resulted for'po.ne.- t: sion of the boat. i. I "On the first of January Captain Nairla chanced his coiirtte. the wind calmed down and we hoisted more .ail. About 3 or 4 o'clock in the morning of January 3. there was a heavy fog. I had gono below with my pumping i I shift, and Pat McCullock and hi. shift had relieved ub at tlie pump.. "Then the vesa"! struck and came to a dead stop. Instantly you could T feci the lift of the vessel, as though ehe was trvine to raise up. It was Hlmnlv a bar she was crossing. Sir i righted and soon hnd headway, . We thought we were pant all danger, but It was only a few minute, untu ene . struck again thl time to stay. We . were afraid we had Tun on a reef of 1 rocks. The water increased rapidly. I called Pat MrCullock to the hatch, which was kept fastened down . and coveted with a tarpaulin, and- aeked him if we were on a reef of rocks. "t told him he could find out by sounding over the side of the vessel with' a whaleboat oar, and that all, below were anxious to know, as th. vessel was settling broadside to the ocean, and the breakers were running over the vensel, and at times it seemed as though she' was going to turn over. We had been driven aaliore on a new moon tide, and with the heavy sea run-, nlng alter the storm, were high and j dry. - "it wa very dark, but McCullock took an oar and succeeded in sounding, until he was certain we were on sand He came to the hatchway and told us. It was a great reller to know that w, were on sand and not on the rocks. "It is curious to note the result .f fear on different individuals. We ex pected at any rilnute we might be browned in the vessel or fighting In the . waves to save our Uvea. Some were praying, some cursing the gov ernment for sending men to sea 4n such a vessel. I had a Dunnie, wn I .... , .iul n next to mine. I 1 ...,jv thriftv Triah- man named Dan McFall. He had savd. ne wnn m ti j " " - j " . nearly 11000 in gold coin ana carriea It ln hi. belt. Soon after the storm began Dan would y to me: I would siv, ar miioh Tnrney to be on land.- Dari kpt raising his bid, with no tak-f em, t:ntll Jhe Put up th-whole amount of his savings to be on land. - ' "We waited patiently,, probably half an hour after McCullock's report, and then broke through the planking ntd the sailors gangway and went on deck- Tuviiht wu beginning to break. We could see wo were on an open sand J'"T .wnd of low .and " J, "C h. ocean hills- . We bad l a truck on the ocean beach almo jXo I - " .. rtrmth t Coos Bay. By the time the .un was up .-iirt u-e Indians coming across the sand hills. , Soon there were mjar ? M ly 200 assembled." Abont Newspaper Writing. "GIrard in Philadelphia, ledger. Alfred Henry Lwl. called on his J brother William when tfte latter w. managing editor of a J?1' : newspaper. 'The author of "woirvuie was asked by a reporter what was the recipe for writing a good newspaper article, and the brilliant correspondent, replied: . ,,-!, Write so that the reader will thin that's the way- he would do KMt ; couldn't." ., - . ' -Th. best description anybody sent from the war in Cuba wa. written by - Stephen Crane, whs kept n tAJ mind focused not upon an army, or regiment, or even a company, hut upo an individual Soldier. Yu saw that si- lent "regular" go into the fight, ana, vou felt a. he felt, and Shot . he ShOU By the Delaware-river uovne dlstaficea; below Eaeton there is a sign painted upon a stone wall,: which is exactly a . mile long. Nobody ever read, to the j nA nt it tOO bi. .' .- I Gray worked a week over one line ot his "elegy. There is no gooa rim-nea product without perfection in all d- The Talk That Tells. From Puck. - 4 Inquisitive Blind Man How do yoif nanace to call your dog in the dark I when he can t see your fingers movel I ingenious aiute -1. arum un av I biscuit with 1 " t
