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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 3, 1915)
4 THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL, , PORTLAND, SUNDAY. MORNING. JANUARY,.. 3, 1915. THfe JOURNAL am ixprprKvT Sfwdppr,. JACKSON uhn-.tl rrvrf trmntug 4ri-pl tttitr 31 ry ffnwln mttrtrtna i Vim J"ti'l P-jlM in.. 1trnilrr it Vmnhf!! t.. Portlmut; r. (uiirrmi at iti p-hoiim at fortius. U.. to 1 -, triaciotFf Um ilroiixtt Jthw rfii ecvaf iti.Ki'ro.K-oiiii 7I7: inw. . atiirrmnt tem-hrJ h M.Mr ncmhtrt. Tail .-: the rwrtnr irhi 1it,rt,Tifi want. 3 tiKk.luM Alv ii 1 mi s. i:i:i'iiknK.TATIV, Bonjumln J Kcatnor Co.. Kmitw1c Bide 23 Fifth ., Nrw.fxk. lit Panola' iiiH 'HMr' lrru. mm'. I ar a Sa lb tali.! rttmm ar. Mtitca: ,'- ' , DsltT. , ' .. Oaa ...... t.o I On - rnoata. M On tt. !. I Op , mw......t PAlJ.v AXI MOXPAT; In ar. ' -.47 IW rtiw month ' . -SS 8- -82 Reading" without pur pone is sauntering, not exercise. More la-got from one book on which the thought nettle for definite end In" knowledge than from li braries skimmed over by a wandering eye Edward B 1 wer. i THE. URIpCiE CONTKOVEKSY aider the. extraordinary clr- u ixia LauLca juuer wutcu iu ,; . . county la to enter Into a con ' tract for the use of the upper deck tn tue rauroaa onager This proposed contract la a mo mentous transaction.' In the ne .iAl-'Ja si a gotiations with the county, there is discussion '.of a contract to -cover penoa ot a a years 'at a nat rental of $52,000 a year, the rail .roada reBervfrRg the right .to take the' rentals Vorrnoe of the structure by j the street cars. The railroads are to pay the taxes. 1 The amount the public would pay . ... i lyi U8C ji 11IC7 OLl U V I. If 1 XS LU1 tfie .period, with Interest at five per cent 'annually compounded, would be $4,297,518. The esti- majea revenue with jlnterest to the railroads, from the ujse of the upper deck by street cars for the period based on present traffic is $1,074, 379. The total revenue to the company from use of the bridge, with Interest annually comnminded. Is $5,371,897. ' ThAflfl n r A Iflrrra flnraa T'Vxa negotiations now pending are of great importance. They fully. Jus tify the public authorities in being very serious and very much con cerned in guarding the Interests of tn people whose money,- is to be expended in this Infportant enter- prise. - 4 lvanii 1 i a aa a m I 1LI- -."J. . yv. u ilea. iaw iU -LIIIO. ICttt transaction ta that in making this ' contract, the county is being forced to pay for the use of a bridge In ,'the construction or planning or lo- eating of. which, It had no voice. "It Is notorious that the bridge was built at a point on the river which largely iffcrfcased its cost, and which was done to facilitate for the greater convenietxre and nnage been built for use other than by the railroads, the location would undoubtedly have been at Holla- uaj euue, wnere ine oia struc ture was located and where the " POf!t Would have lieetr ttntoriolltt less. Jt is a fixed certainty that the .federal government would not have permitted a multiplication of bridges Holladay ind a railroad bridge at Oregon street, wherefore the build .'lng, of the tipper deck for passen ger5 traffic was of vital conse- quence to the railroad in getting 1 permission to use the Oregon street location. f It ia true the Port of Portland publicly assumes responsibility for : the f change of location, but there .are many citizens who are certain that the desire for the change of location was with the railroad com pany. The old Holladay bridge divided their docks in the middle. The change gave them a solid line of docks north of the new Btruc ture, ; and ; greatly increased the ' value of that property. The change jalso gave the roadsi easy and direct access to Sullivan's gulch main lines and made a much easier ao - cess to the bridge for the South ern ..Taclflc, . all considerations of the -highest benefit to the com ' panies, and of no concern or value to the public. ' . Not having been consulted as to plans or construction or location. it la extraordinary -for the county to be met tn the negotiations with an t uncompromisiDg demand, in wnich- an the requirements and conveniences and profits of the companies are to be , conceded The city vacated sections of Ore- gca and. Adams streets for the con venlence and profit of the roads in building the bridge. These va cated streets at the price the city must pay for public dock sites were of. great value, but. the rail roads do not enter them as a credit ' 4a the public in these negotiations. , 'At other times, other vacations 6f streeti were generously and con fidingly granted by the city to the roads. '. Among these Wag the gift of a 'stretch bf 'East Burnstde street, which the city,, when it built ine;: uurnsiae bridge, was compelled by the roads to buy back as a site for. the east approach of the structure. - i v In the Burnaide ' transaction, a large turn bT mneyjwas paid the corporation,; and among the stipu lations by the road was that within 10 years an iron Toadwayj: 6h'ould be built over the railroad tracks f r6m the east end J of the! bridge to East Third street, ant agree ment; which,,, to thff day, Jhas not been carried out by (He roads. That is to eay the, public .was forced to buy .back at high figures 'land that it gave as a gift ta the roads, and the roads, meanwhile,-have utterly defaulted In one of the principal agreements in the transaction. - These matters are brought ; to public attention, not in a desire to J be unjust to the railroads, but to suggest;: that public authorities do. not permit the railroads to be un just to the public. BIEtf FOR RANSOM W ARDEN SIMPSON of the Jackson, Michigan, peniten tiary has asked that state for an appropriation tobtiy 1700 acres of farm land. He wants the acreage tilled by convicts in creased to 2500. Two farms are now operated by prisoners, and Mr. Simpson's argument for more acres has been summarized -as follows: Fifty i men- now employed - on the two fanfiav Fifty men forgetting the hang-dog manner that fastens Itself onto captives of the state however. kindly they- may be treated. Fifty men. whoae terms are about to expire. f ltUng', themselves physically ; and mentally for renewed and hoperui contact with the outside world. No guards watch aver them. They are back to the earth, the clean earth, for strength of arm and epul. Additional arguments are fur nished by the prison account books. They show that the two farms are more than paying for themselves. Wherever tried, the honor sys tem originated by Governor' West has been attended with large suc cess. It was a new idea. We had not thought much abcjt prisons and prison processes.; Busied with our own affairs, we saw the proces sion of the convicted go passing in and the procession of those who had paid the penalty passing out. It had been so for hundreds of years, and It was human nature to let it stand as it had always stood. There is something more than mere sentiment in the new prison plans. ' There is sound business and eco nomic philosophy in it. The Michi gan prison farm pays. After trial, the warden wants more land. He recounts the reasons why, and they are reasons that commend them selves to ,the sober Judgment of mankind. We have always permitted the click of the lock behind the con victed man as he passed Into the prison to be the knell of his hopes. We let the closing of the prison door to be a sort' of doom for his career. We supposed him to be beyond redemption or reclamation. Once a convict, always a convict, was the generally accepted view. When the sentence was completed and the man of stripes once more at liberty, he was an Iehmaelite. The hand of every man was against him. Nobody was willing to trust him. Scarcely anybody offered a helping hand. He was an outcast. a derelict After securing a position, if it was discovered that he was an ex- convict, he .was usually dismissed in haste. ' On every! side and at every turn the treatment re ceived made it clear ' to hirothat h was ostracized, that the door to respectable employment was largely closed against him .and that It was only through a return to criminal life that there was way for his survival. In time, we have thus kept thousands of ex-conyicts from re-. turning to a respectable life. We made them marked men. We branded them on the forehead with a scarlet letter. We shut the door to respectable living in their faces. Though we did it thoughtlessly, we did it, and by that means we helped to lengthen the roll of criminals and swell the volume of criminality. It is not sentimentalism to seek to minimize crime.? It is a prodigi ous and ponderous economic jjair- pose. In a change- of plan where- fly j there can be reclamation In stead of doom for the convicted man, there are great possibilities for the ransom of the - wayward; the redemption of such as are not confirmed in crime and almost lim itless bettertfient ingsocial condi tions. " HIGHWAY MAIMTEXAXCE F OR the first time in the history of Multnomah county, it ia possible to ascertain the main tenance cost of individual roads. Heretofore this charge has been lumped into one general total covering the entire cost, no item ized account being rendered. - Un der the administration of Road- master Yeon the past year the de tail cost of each road has . been kept including cost of labor, ma terial, superintendency, 1 deprecia tion, equipment, etc. A strong argument for more per manent roaas , is contained in the Information that last year there was expended chiefly for the main tenance of the present road system the sum of, $279,882.27. None of thiB amount was 'Bpent on the 'Columbia Highway. - In his report ' to the .' board of county commissioners Roadmaster Yeon recommends that macadam construction . should" be abandoned on main; arterial roads, which should be hard surfaced. To pro vide money for this purpose . he BUggests a bond issue Instead of the assessment district plan , which he Considers inequitable and unjust to abutting property owners. W: It. is highly important that the Ealn ; traveled roads " be Improved a soon as possible. ' This will mean a bis saying In the present cost of maintenance which can be applied : to the up-keep,. improve- ment and dovelonment of th rMa I and local roads. r ' j Every hard surfaced main high- way leading out of Portland is of more benefit than an' interurban eleetrlc line. It Is moreover, a help to, the railroads as it will velop - a greater rqjume of long J haul business. - . I In the . introduction of a morel systematic ? method of ' accounting for road expenditure Roadmastert Yeon has performed a valuable ser-jthe vice. r IT CAN BE DONE HOWARD ELLIOTT Is one of the country's most prominent railroad managers He as- sumed a tough job when he uwae lue i vu Aw aven railroad system.' Dlscussing matters with his vari- ous "superintendents the other day, he to!d them that their, problems which seemed. Impossible of solu- u "fl w.wurwu wuu ,.au give Fwi .5 l argument te quoted this bit of verse: Then takeoff your coat and go to it: I Just mtart tn in xlns vmi (nrbl I v tnin u . That -rcannnt b Hon a-Tii1! -vnii'll 1 . ao it." . j "It can be done." That waa, what J Columbus said at the court of kings. . - ' J "It can be done." That was what our forefathers said whe'n there j came to them the vision of a' repre-1 sehtative form of government. "It can be done." Tha.t was what La , Salle said when . he walked through the Canadian forest and descended the Mississippi river. "It can be done." That was what the Oregon pioneer said . when he declared that this great northwest country should be American soiL "It can be done." That tras what Lincoln said when he proclaimed that tWs nati0n should be all free and not half slave. It can be done." That was what Peary said when he started to reach the North Pole, "It-can be done.? That was what Alexander Caesar .Coper-1 r .:' "tu"V ""V the warriors, priest,, statesmen; ZZZJZ .,"r.BIrw"rfcl": .uiiu.mw v. -uu. " Said. . - The man who-uses Ms hand, his head And his eyes is the, man who can do it when he tries. OREGON IN 1915: I N another section of today's Sun' day Journal the prospects of the new year are considered in the liehtf of the achievements of the past year. And the picture, painted In true colors, is a pleasant nnA - I The fact that UDwarda of 85.- 000.000 were invested in COOd . " 1 it. roads in Oregon in 1914 ia gignifl- cant. Counties in all parts of the -f.x. Jl sop county on the west invested a rialf million dollars in imnroved joiueu iu me muiu.Dm. vv- hiehwavs: Jackson county on the Howed ft Hkft amount: lima-1 tilla on the east spent upwards of f 7 I 1100.001) and willsoend the same amount this year while Multnomah county'a road expenditure for the vg. 17RA nnn ThsA ar rmlv a fw instances: there are many others. ' For tb most nart the counties are cooperating in a general organized plan of highway development which, eventually, will link those sections of the state, now isolated, with the more populous and accessible com. mnT,1tlA9. Th entire mevement IS significant of true progress. Th . vwr will see further im- T.oTnoTit of th nnlnmhi'a river na wntprwftv ftf mmmerre. The n..n. t. MnmniAttnn. the work on the north jetty is progressing; the usual channel work - will be rorrioil rn nil nf I V"" - I which will invite improved steam ship facilities, some Cjf which are assured? -n,.;.,,(Mi llTroawv output for the year approximated $261,000,000 which is about $20x- nnn nnn mna thon fhof nf 10U . i-x, n -t, ui me "grauu iui.n,i who uyc industry contributed $108,000,000, and cereal crops $45,000,000. From 7" 7 iniA 1 w vaor, oh yet there is every reason to believe .,.if,.i , r , j uon, operating lueau aero- ase,' will, in 1915, outstrip the record of 1914. . Improved highways and water ways and greater agricultural out put are only three examples of Oregon's march onward. There are others of equal significance that have a vital bearing on what 19l5 will bring to Portland and to. Ore- gon, and to their enlightened citl- zenship of which, these features of material progress are evidence. The oldest iroxclad A' PTER 70 years of cruising on the Great Lake, the Wolver- me. tne Oldest ironclad in the world, has gone into dryddck at Erie,. Pa. The story of this anU- quated fighting craft is interesting from two points of view. She is one ,.u ..v. w, ium,ur muueums iU was never taken advantage of by Canada to nlace a British war shin in. those waters. . , . . ' . 1 ne w oiverme was launched at Erie jKovember 9, 1843, and was ommisalAnAd Ane-nat ii - nil Rin, tw ch h n . . w- . Ice as a warship, survey ship -or training ship for naval reserves, She is still in good condition after nearly three-quarters of a century's service in ine cause 01 peace,-and next SDlincr the Wolverine will aeain do dutv aa a. training Rhin - S.T, V. m?P. " uuuxau 1 jujaiujv ia A".silent-on -that subject. jmlng with interest at a time when j I the usefulness of a fighting ship Is i J measured by the amount of destruc-, de-Jtlop that is accomplished. ! The' Wolverine was built ' at .Pittsburg and shipped to Erie on wagons. She was in .commission' nearly 'eight yeara "i before railroad 1 connection with that point ; was made.'-; During Civil-war the Wolverine guard ed Confederate prisoners on John son's island in Lake Erie, but was prey ented from taking more active part in that conflict - because the boat could not pasa tnrough the Wellnd canal. . Wnen on guard at Johnson's Is- land, the Confederates planned her capture fop use as a commerce de- stroyer. But the plot was disco v- rAJ, n imo n T,,ftveT1t 1.(inii of the plan pne of the Wolverine's historic services: was in stopping the Fenian invasIon of Canada in 1866. ? She overhauled a transport carrying re inforcements from - Buffalo, sent a ambitious invaders hurried -back tot thetT atarilntr nnint ; -' i This warship that has aided in . Keeping the peace for 70 years measures 167 feet over all, has an extreme ' beam of 47 feet, and a depth of hold of 14 feeti Her sides Pieced for 12 guns, and she carries a battery of eight breech loading two-Inch rifles. She is out OI aate as a "ghter, but stands for ine gnt laea as to the Eervlce an ironclad should render. FIGHTING TUBERCULOSIS 1 ORE than $20,500,000 was spent last year in the cam paign against tuberculosis in the United States. Of this onTn " fi fi no nnnt vdqm nwlitAi) state Qr municlpal and remainder was contributed by pri vate philanthropy. These figures, taken from the annual statement of the National AKOrtMa at. t eliUon of TuDerclllos dinte th&t America is seriously attempt 2nl2r . .a t tood by science; the only problem remaining is the raising of enough mntlaiv n. Mn A V. 1 -M IEw . y i v That the money is' lelng pro vided In larger proportion is evi denced by figures covering the last five years. The percentage of money epent from public funds has -"wea u-um oo per cem In. 109 to 69.3 in 1913 and 66.8 in 1914. The national association increase is signuicanc De- cause it Indicates a shifting of the uuruieu oi institutional care oi ine consumptive from the priyate to puuuc puree. In America's fight against the toucil4SS hia. as he tires Ms' head white plague more than $17,300,- drop to the left, on his f0 000 was BDent for instlftitlonal cara,o a- to leave as little of U as possible , T, . i nd treatment of consumptives in hospitals and sanatoria. An addi- tional $925,000 was used for epe- cial treatment- of tubercular in- sane and prisoners. These figures Anne k n t waV v m w a n Jt iv U"" vusi - mdiuieiuuiw uu u some instances the cost of construc- uon oi insutuuons. ' Anti -tuberculosis associations sPent the next larger sum, amount- ling to a little over $900,000. Care of patients in dispensaries ana by visiting nurses cost approximately $860,000. The growth of the open aI movement is shown by the fact mat last year more tnaii was spent ior uu purpobe, aa ae"at iu.wwv ayem. jrcaio aS- . &caie anai4 Doaras, OI bealth spent $200,000 direcUy on tuberculosis work, The figures are promise that in time that devastating and avoid aDie aisease, tuoercuiosis, win : oe ewuitawu . i, iV. A iaint Buggestiou tt uie cuin- ing fame of the Columbia highway, Is the reception accorded to a set of views along the highway which e n to California by the frfneer Lancaster made such a hit - . iV . that three of the local organizations uemtt"ueu Ibe shown before the Oregonians returned home. This will be done, " Is saf? ! " S"0la possessed such a natural attraction las the Columbia river gorge it . . . H- lnn "6Uv Lower Prices. i JVorn the Omaha World-Herald. The writers for the .Tariff league and the standpat papers must Intend principal articles to be read only by the-weak. minded and the ignorant The league recently' asserted i that every panic and business depression that had afflicted this country was the direct result of a Democratic tar iff, when every man of Intelligence knows that every such depression fol lowed long years of high -protection. That waa the case in 1873,. in the '80s. J times grew harder and harder under In 1898 and in 1897. . Previous to 189J I protection until the farmers were on Uhe verge of bankruptcy and: absolute result- haa followed every lonfe period I of hirh protection for the last 50 There has beenino serious depres- eion In business since the Underwood j tariff was: enacted. '.The standpatters I have continued to predict it. but It has - "IT.18 t2Z" I occurred, of greater dimensions than bas. ever ' before afflicted mankind i There has e'aother.thmg.:cTOrre4 i which these gentlemen never mention. The consumer is-getting his goods. cheaper: . -Both Dun ana Br&dstreet have reported declining:, prices for some, time and every woman knows tbat 8h? buy B.?ds better qual- rtor' l past. For a while thes writers were fall the time declaring that prices had i not oeen lowered as an effect of. lower I tariffs, but recently they have become TRENCH LIFE E. Percy Noel in Chicago News. I was surprised to find that soldiers, even hardened., ones, could spend half their time in trenches frequently con taining' a foot or twa of water, and still be quite cheerful; that under sucb conditions men eould even appear to! 6e enjoying themselves, taking a cer tain pride' in their discomforts. S' 1 1 found none .with the fear of death, and the less severely wounded were proud of their battle marks. ' ' . 'In a general way this will apply to English,. French and Belgian troops; but i ia the English 'Tommies" that I know most' about and their trench day I can best describe.--;-'.'-'-': I was surprised to learn that, the men In the trenches seldom see the enemy at which they are aiming, that the language of the men though Eng lish would be nearly unintelligible to an American not versed in It. that If rifles are being fired at advancing Germans the aim is the stomach, when the head is the objective i- that there is usually-plenty of good,' wholesome food available; that 24 hours is the average length of time passed ' in a trench, after which there la a 24-hour period at the rear, neveraj miles back. i " Let us see what the average in fantry private's day In the trench Is like. ; ; He goes on duty In the dark, relieving . his smiling camarade in ,armsat . Bat the hour Is a care fully guarded secret and it is changed from 'day to day, so that Instead of exactly 24 hours in; the trench our "Tommy" may do 18, '20 any odd number.-'- - - .Th time of relief Is a secret most earnestly sought after by both eiJes and seldom learned. -If it were known the artillery and musketry fird atTtiat moment would bo tremendous; tin fact, when either side suspects that -the re lief is taking place heavy firing Is be gun at once. But It Is usually done at night. With all the agility and quiet ness of which he Is capable. "Tommy Atkins" gets back to his pose ana De gins to make himself at home. He has brought with him, let ua say, 12 hours' ration. If he hasn't, it wiU be passed down to him. An average ration Is sued to him will.be: One . pound of Jam, two pounds of biscuit, sometimes more. a tin of "bully beef," as the canned beef is called, or else a much more palatable tin, known as Mac Carnackey ration, about one-quarter pound of cheese and a bottle of water. Officers receive practically the same, except that they have also a bottle of: wine. And there are cigarettes all "Tommy" needs donated -by English people, and, occasionally, chocolate. Very likely "Tommy" has no sooner got his ammunition box arranged In a convenient place and his rations care fully tucked away In his knapsack hfnr'BA order Is Dassed down from he sergeant, who directs the rifle fire, according to lnatrucuons irom the officer commanding the trench. This might be the order. "Three o'clock, left, two fingers." This appar ently cryptic command Indicates clear ly to "Tommy" Just where he Is to point his rifle and on that order he takes careful aim at nothing. It may. be not quite nothing, but a clump of - bushes, a. line of trees or simply the clear air. BUt he knows well where the sergeant , wants the fire placed, and upon the order he begins tn avinnt. He fires ft rounds, every other mlnote, alternating minutes with th nrlvate whose snouiaer neariy visible above the trencn eage. n.very five shots "Tommy" reaches for an other clip of five cartridges and slips them into his magazine, making a to tal of H in his rifle, one In the breech iiv -for firing and ten In the maga zine. Only In emergencies does he ever frre all 11 shots without reload- But what does "three o'clock, left, two fimrers." mean? .That is not easy tn oxnlaln ' It takes months of train ing for British soldiers to learn tri but when they have 1 earned 11, uiey have an excellent system of firing, whlffh has shown its worth in the present war. It is what is known as "the clock and finger method." It requires the rifleman to Imagine the face of the cVick. When he wishes to hit 12 o'clock on the dial he alms at the center. If he receives an order to aim at S o'clock he imagines that dial ahead of him and fires away and if it is two fingers to tno xeii ne gjeis uis range with the lingers at arm's lengin and fires that much to the left of 3 o'clock on this Imaginary dial. . Of course, there are exceptions to this kind of rifle fire. There are oc casions when the enemy advances and forces the abandonment of the trenches by the accuracy" of Its artillery fire. But recently, in the neighborhood of Ypres, the assaults have usually been" repulsed. s On these occasions there is no alter nate firing. The "Tommies" keep up their 1 rounds a minute fire until their gun breech is too hot for the hand. The maxims, with their water cooled barrels, rattle out 85 rounds a minute Until the cooling water boils. ' The British "TommieV seldom loses his head. He fires steauuy, Keeping his range, while German bullets- clip the tree tops above him. Certainly it is not all victory and not all on the side of the allies. Fre quently German shrapnel bursts In the trenches. Often hand "grenades" are tossed into them and a similar "grenade" attached to the end of a stick is shot from a rifle Into a trench several hundred yards away. If not too severely wounded, . "Tommy reaches for the emergency bandage that he carries in a special pocket at the bottom front of his jacket, or he may aid a wounded comrade with his. The woundedj and the dead usually lie in the trenches until nightfall. Between firing there is much banter ing story tejling and Joking among the' men In their Inexplicable slang. Here are some examples: A knife is called a "tchueri": 'paper, "coggage"; butter, "mucken" ; Jam, "possy 7 bread, "rooty"; beerj ."pig's ear"; tea, "muslin broth"i cheese; mother's knees"; ,a cook, bobbogoe"; rifle,- "bondook"; a smoke, "Jo'ope"; tinned beef, ' "dead; horse"; fish, ftwo eyed steak"; a max m .run. Yoostman": shrfepnel, "Whist ling Buf us; rifle ammunition,: "deci-J mals-threeo-threev, or inree-uaugm-three" the big 'German shells. "Jack Johnsons and ?Black Marias." ; Soap. which seldom la seen in the trenches, has the name of "Cape of Good Hope." -Popular American songs of the last two years are sung a great deal behind the liiies not much in the trenches with improvised words topical of pres ent conditions. . ' . Under a "bomb-proof so-called the men sometimes make an effort to be comfortable.' even to the extent of making tea Jn their canteens from the beat of two. or three candles or from some wood splintered aa fine as tooth pick to avoid Smoke. But real com fort "in an advance trench is a rare thing, indeed, although the men do not appear to suffer from being in them, to the extettt that is, popularly sup posed. . THE PRESENT CRISIS By James Russell Lowell This poem, several stanzas of which are here omitted. waswrftten rela tive to conditions in America in 1844. It applies equally well to conditions In Europe today. . . . .... ONCE to every man and nation comes the moment to decide, ; " In the strife of Truth with Falsehood, for the good or evil side; f : Some great cause, God's new Messiah, offering each the bloom or blight. Parts the goats upon the left hand and the sEeep upon the right, 1 And the choice goes by forever 'twlxt that darkness and that light, . 1 Then to side with Truth is noble, when we share her wretched crust, i Ere her cause bring fame and profit, and 'tis prosperous to be Just; i Then it is the brave man chooses, while the coward stands aside, ' i Doubting in his abject spirit, till his Lord is crucified, : . And the multitude make virtue of the faith they had denied. ! New occasions teach new duties; Time makes ancient good uncouth; ' j They must upward still, and onward, who woMld keep abreast of Truth; Lo, before us gleam her-camp fires; we purselves must Pilgrims be, Launch our Mayflower, and steer boldly through the desperate winter sea, Nor attempt the Future's portal with the Past's blood-rusted key. 1 THE LINCOLN HIGHWAY By Dr. Frank Crane. (Copyright, 1914. by Frank Crane.) Do you know that American men are at work upon the greatest memorial structure of all history? There will be nothing like it in any nation of the world. It will be more magnificent, more appealing to the Imagination, and more satisfactory to proper national pride than anything any nation has , ever done in all time. It is proposed to build a highway from New York to San Francisco, over 3000 miles across the continent, to be dedicated to the memory of Abraham Lincoln. The enterprise is well under way.-j It Is manned by public-spirited gentlemen -by a group of those daring doers such as have made America what it is. - When it 4s completed this will be the : proudest, most unique work of man, " American kings of wealth are tak ing an interest in the matter. . Some of them are building memorial miles at cost of 150,000 a mile a beautiful avenue of -twin roads with trees be tween adorned with works of art. Fraternal orders are taking hold. such as the Loyal Order of Moose, and contemplating the construction of memorial miles. It is to be hoped that the state gov ernments and the national government will enthusiastically 'lend a hand. The stairway of time is lined with monuments. . Upon them ' men have lavished their ' supreme effort, colossal wealth. There are the pyramids or Egypt, the Taj Mahal of India, Castle San Angelo at Rome., the Nelson monument in Trafalgar Square,- the Washington shaft by the Potomac The memorial to Abraham Lincoln is to be, and ought to be, as different from these monuments as he was dif ferent from these men He was the great Commoner. He was- the true expression of our com mon people. He was great with the greatness of us all. Therefor hls monument is not to be a marble shaft to be visited by a few and' to be gazed upon as a thing re mote, but it is to be something for daily use, something the millions can see and enjoy. ' When it is completed it will be a national boulevard, a gala way for the greatest nation of earth. Along it the traveller can pass over a perfect road bed under Overarching trees, by beau tiful temples, fountains, arches, and statues, across the plains, by the aids of winding streams, along great rivers. over artistic bridges, throygn moun tain passes, deserts, and green valleys, from ocean to ocean. Never was there a-more Worthy en terprise. It combines the two perfect elements, beauty and usefulness, and always usefulness Is the secret of the greatest beauty. Contributing ways are already be ing planned. It has been suggested, fnr (ri.tanri.. that a Lee Highway be constructed down the Atlantic coast through the southern states. Civilization Is largely a matter of improved transportation. The Lincoln Highway marks a distinct advance step in our civilization. . ' ; The Wounded Who Fight Again. From1 the Buffalo Enquirer. The announcement that 64 per cent of the French' wounded have returned to the firing line may: raise the ques tion whether modern bullets are too humane. Only Vt. per 'cent of the wounded have died and-only 1 per cent have been discharged on account of their .wounds. Twenty-four per cent ' have been -given convalescent leave and 17 per cent were still in hospitals, the re port covering the duration of the. war tn ncpmber 12. There was no reason to suppose the I proportion of wounaea wno rua w thfc : colors is lower in the German army. The purpose of each side In war Is to put the other side out of action. With the wounded, however, the' gen tleness of modern bullets and the per fection of modern -hospital services make It necessary to put them out' of the fighting again and even again. - The brutal 'philosophy that the slen der, steel Jacketed bullets and f ff icient hospital service tend to prolong war by saving the wounded to fight again seems to have evidence to support It. Better Than Electric Signs, i-rmn tne Iron Trade Review. . Recently a number of -electric signs were placed at the gateways of plants of the Illinois Steel company, Chicago, putting squarely before the employes the question whether liquor was doing them any good. -This was well ana in harmony with the progressive policy of the company, but even more to the point was the action of 100 officials of -the company last Saturday night in giving a wlneless banquet- Instead of having dinner at 85 per' plate at a downtown hotel, as in past, years, the officials met in the club rooms of the works, where a 81 dinner was served and ; the 84 which would have been spent for wines was given to the needy. The 81 dinner Is to be. commended on account of the money saved and given to the poor; but it is of even more Im portance as showing tbat the officials f the comoanv are willing to adopt the same temperance policy 'which they demand of the men. , . ' ' - 1 Tracing Lincoln's Trail." ; f i From the Chicago Post. Indiana, we are glad to see, is think ing of taking up the picturesque little expedition in Lincolnlana started: by Illinois. This state is locating and marking, through a commission, the routs taken by Abraham Lincoln when he traveled from the Wabash river to Decatur with that wanderer 5 who was his father. An Indiana legislator has now drawn a bill to have Indiana look op this route on her side of the 'line and do the same thing. j - It is not a matter of first rate his torical interest or importance, but any thing associated with the name of Lin coln, grows more important year by year." Communities which can boast close touch with his life servo faith fully their own background when they mark and preserve that connection. . CHRISTMAS IN SHADOW From the Boston Globe, December 25. At this season of rejoicing many people are seriously asking themselves whether they have any right to rejoice. The - tree is decked. , the eif tB are heaped, the candles" lighted; yet oyer all the glitter and cheer lowers the shadow of a world-woe too stupendous to be comprehended by any single human brain. s We would be making poor use of ths season if we did not pause to search ourselves with a few home truths pro posed by it; and the first of these, is this: Is Christendom Christian? . 1 That the world should flatly repudi ate the religion of compassion, brother ly love and helpfulness is unthinkable. A tew swashbuckling sophists had only to propose it, and the idea left us appalled. Even those who suggest such a "course would be the last to care to accept the immediate, practical consequences of their suggestion; and noDoay aoes suggest it except a few rash, hasty and unseasoned intellectual lrresponslbles. At the sight of on crippiea oia woman, in pain or trouble, the normal Instinct of the human heart confounds their logic. i But if the world is not KolnsHo abandon the Christian ideal, bought and paid for through all these centuries at such a terrific price of sacrifice and sufferings, then the world must get down to cases and put it to work. For the curious thing is. that Just about in proportion as nations or men have lived by this Ideal they have benefited, and just , about in proportion as they have neglected to live by it they have suf fered. Differ as we may over details no one. would deny that Kurope is now paying the penalty of a century of nro- fesslng a creed of brotherly love and acting its opposite. When the Hebrew lawgiver voiced those grim words that the sins of the fathers are visited on the children he was not so much utter ing a threat as expressing a law which is inexorable In human affairs. Now to act on the code of conduct set forth In the sermon on the mount takes courage more courage than great many men and governments poa ess. Yet here again it is curious to note that the success of civilisation has been Just about in proportion! as this code has actually been putt to work.' For it rests on a paradox which is hard, at first, to believe to be a lit eral truth: that It Is only by giving up that we get anything worth having. Those who perform this sacrifice do so only with the idea of . making them selves more useful to their fellow men. And then the wonderful thing happens, All they have given up is returned to them, not In material coin, but In higher coin which makes the material coin seem to them valueless. The traditions of Christmas claim a thought: it would be a pity to for get, even in such an hour as this, the hallowed memories of the time; the blazing yule log; the old homes; jthe kindly faces of friends; the carols, sweet with child-like Innocence and wonder; the sparkling snows; the oaken halls hung with glossy green, spiked holly leaves and pearl white mistletoe .berries; the cheer of feasting the ; gay mystery of gift giving; Uhe jolly chimney legends of St. Nick, and the glad (fathering of the family clans. Snow rests powdery white on the pine boughs and silvers on roof and meadow under a clear, frosty moon. At a win dow; yellow lamp light beckons to the cheer within: ; These are the memories which are comforting the men in the trenches, and perhaps who knows? cheering the hearts under the ragged coats of the unfortunates hi the bread line. But, for us, who have friends and warm, bright firesides, Jt should be a solemn time for asking ourselves whether, quite regardless of right ror wrong, to have practiced Christianity iriurope would not have oeen cheaper, as a mere business proposition, than, for the lack of it; to have incurred such a war; and whether, to put it on slightly higher grounds, Christendom must not either abandon pretexts, i as certain militarist publicists have pro posed, or-else-be the thing which, it professes to be a program which-wiji involve trouble and sacrifice to us all, but, on the whole, less trouble and -less sacrifice than that Involved in the neglect of it. ' Individual men, especially on Christ mas day, look upon war as an unneces sary horror. Let us hope that ere many a Christmas is passed nations will take-the same stand. . ; A Long, Long Christinas, j From the Chicago Herald. Although, as Chesterton" has re marked, our Christmas charity may and does : degenerate Into laxity and make believe, It is pre-eminently gen uine and it can be trained to serve the finest purposes. This was exem plified at the dinner given 250 crip pled children by the Sportsmen's club ori Thursday. - i u It was very delightful for the mem bers of the club to extend their hes p'itality V the -frail youngsters frsm the Spaulding and Fallon schools.' ; A fine sight it was to see men them selves exuberantly vigorous and heart ily prosperous putting themselves -at the service of weak children for one day's joy. How much better," albeit, was the suggestion that arose from the gala doings! - - " Why not within the, limits of tha possible make these children whole? Why not give the hospital and , the surgical treatment that' might bring health and strength and independence to many of them?. Why not. Indeed? And to their honor be it written the leaders of the organization promised so far as they are able to make the Christmas " permanent, to spread ' the comfort of the season out into life tor the youthful guests. Every child who can be cured 'and whose parents are willing that the effort" be . r,id will be given free examination and treat ment. . . James A. Pugh, president of the club, and William Hale Thompson, the host of the occasion, made the proposal to Dr. Joiin Dill. Robertson, who accepted it at once. Is there not in this a hint of wide utility to th ntir city? The scheme, to heal the sick, to render the dependent independent. Is the best sore of charity. It makes real the Innate ness of the Yule tide glow of good feel ing. r Can- w . not have a long, long Christmas? - "IN IARVT DATS" By Ires Lockley. Epeoial Staff Write f ..- Tha Journal. In talking with one of the old pio-. neers recently he said, "I see William. . Pockwood tells you he came ' up from San Francisco i in a boat com manded by William P. Mc Arthur, fath er of Judge I L.' McArthur. I knew the MeArthlira inil IamtVia Intlmta. Iv - a a V l t . . . m . ttl mej nig m ioi&s ui Uline. "William Fope 'McArthur t was tths son of John and Mary Linn McArthur, and was born at St. Genevieve, M... April 2, 1814, over 100 years ago. His motner waa a sister.; of Dr. Lewis Fields Linn, for 10 years senator from Missouri, a man who did much, in coo- sress zor tne uregon, country, and for whom Linn county. Linntnn and tha settlement now known a West Linn, insur uregon uiy; were named. Dr. Linn took a great interest In -hi nephew and secured an appointment imasnipman in the United States navy for him. - ' , . i ""Hug me years issa to 183 young McArthur served In south Paoif to wjUe nd when, during the' winter of 1837-8, the government organized an expedition to nnti -h. i ni.. troubles in tha Evefclastoa n P-lnrlrti he was put in command of one of the two vessels, the Nevis, with the rank or lieutenant. It is Intersting to note thatserving with Lieutenant McArthur in the position of topographer, was jwepn iu, Johnston, who afterwards became a distinguished .officer in the Confederate army, and he and McAr- inur structt up a friendship that lasted through life. 5 , .Lieutenant L. M. Pm-.n in of the expedition, refused to listen to the suggestions of McArthur. and .lnnn. a ton aa to the mode of warfare of the iuuians, wun tne result that the expe dition was ambushed, and would have uen anmniiatea had it not been iTor Johnston's bravery and leadership. Mc Arthigr was very severely wounded nnd had o be sent to the naval hospital at Norfolk. Then he was marrl.t in 1838 to Mary Stone Young, daughter of Captain John J. Toung. superinten dent of the hoapital. He served on various nhlpn until 1840. whan hfl 9i: aumonea on tne brig Consort in the i-uasi survey service. During the foi lowing year a Survey was made of the UUlf Of Mexico. He rontlrtn him . work . for the ooaat mrvtv ninn Atlantic coast until 188, -? ,' "In the fall of that year he was or dered to the Pacific coast to take com-' ut ine u. a. k. Ewing, and inak. a survey of the shore line of the Fa- wii comi, ine risst ever undertaken uy me government. He came via Pan ama, and that port was filled with nunareds of sold seekre Min., to California. Tnnnrtnnn . , S. . e..and th0 cH wa crowded be yond it. capacity. The sanitary con ditions made it Imperative that the port be cleared. Over 400 persons, in including Collia P. Huntington, of rail, road fame, chartered an old ship and persuaded Lieutenant Commander Mt- which he did. M' .' ,-r(.?ept.em.br 23 1849- be wrote to his father-in-law as follows; ; -people are crowding here from all parts -of the world, and everybody seems to be cr,zy ft ever, but order seems to prevail. You would be surprised to leJ; Quitly business Is carried on; everything la ship-shape and orderly! There is already a good police in San Francisco, and the same was eatab- usneu yesterday in sjmn, ri... i Q, U , VaSab&ni comes out here ; to - ... v " " ne is quite mistaken." ,Z ""nr. -letter a month later he'- V B country is truly one of. the greatest wonders of any age. The increase of population Is wonderful: Let us estimate San Francisco at 100. 000, Sacramento City 40,000 and Stock- ao.uuu. nearly. ElrhtAn mnh. 1 ago there were scarcely loo people in all of them.' in- October McArthur, began to investigate the conveniences of Mares Island .straits with a view to its being used as a navy yard. A n lht ,prtn of 150 the Kwingi set out. for a reeonnaisance of the tOregon coast. By the middle of April' Lieutenant Commander McArthur had completed hi8 survey to Trinidad bay nixing soundings h went. Late in May the expeditfon had reached the mouth of the Columbia and surveyed th bar and harbor. McArthur was struck wlth(the evident worth of the Oregon country for hs wrote hese prophetic m?" t4hJhn J- Yur' June 3. ori m P"! Probability is that tJ.v , Jeve,P e rapidly, for the next 10 years thaniany other osrt of the United States, Except Califor! crv tL tU W il f,n b 'tertled by the cry that gold is found In Oregon. I have no doubt of Its exigence my.elf ?iv.eKr,I"r ftod. th wl on that .are be,n worked successfully.' Alter loumpvfn o- i r... . McArthur returned to San Francisco and on August 27, 1850. he wrote to Mr. Young as toliows: 'Wa have ben ' successful in surv-vi., ill the ColumbialrlverVVnd up VhVsam; N nmioriH. you will be sur prised when I ten you thst th flan. f f laTlgtlon of thl truly mag nificent river have been vastlr exsa Kerated. We .have crossed the ba? f . hiany as ten times a day for weeks together. More vessels have vT-lt-.1 tne Columbia; within the past year , iHa-n,.perhap,' vep Defore. ad not the lightest aocident has occurred" In November, 1850, he received wel- wTh h,rd return to Wa.hTnrton : with his maps and charts which t.1 ' f f" piaure at th thought of see- ' Ing his family again after two yearT' ba?' S .. hut he was Cr ' oestinatlon. Two dv i I before Christmaa . - :?? .M ver- and was buried n the TsTand of ' Tobago, In the Bay ofV.nmaMrs' R. B. Wilson of Portland, who came hJilTJtJn ft ear,y :-. tS"f Commn fl ? IPt Lieutenant . Commander McArthur. pointed out to -?'r.atny -Pwed the island. Her husband. Dr. .Wilson, had known Mc Arthur's family m Virginia. A few years later McArthur body was re moved from i TobWgo by Lieutenant Commander Charles I. McDougalL:and " taken to Mare Island, the spot he had assisted to pick; out for a navy yard. "The tnrl on'of Lieutenant Com- -mnnder MeArthu wgs nmd Twfft t" Linn McAr'tinr in hnnnr nt hin vnc, ' who was thn w-nc fc'a iqat var --: In th fH j,. McArthur ar. - to Oreyon n "i4; n-rtlHnr .-rH jd"- for ft. m Orevrtr "t to th an bnoh. ,T''a fcrit,r waa -vd1v 'K-emHH I" iWP. Mf,- "Arfhtir an, " htr two fiit0t vmiti, nrtft Lwts AnV! arm bntH Hrjne fn Xnf. lpr.d.- tb frnF ; hnvfn tn Jupt -elwt4 to rnnra. : "Tr. T.Inri'a n?iatir v,Br A T)A n ? Inn, hM'. Tr" t '!" If any nrlrn v Tvo the TTnlt cttw nom r-art-fHnv the am tnc Bh trf!t, rrafr4 n Isrjl TVnlm apt Ah . T.lnn. . Ht- firpt yi v Vfnrv )fVr, flralt apatA J fmn, nrillf,nr.m,r) frrfr , i to t?"?r.i n tnmin. f TV?1T. , . ...'(.. ;.wj y Tftwa. 'Am 19 o .'.' ;.-twi Kl-M 'x l.lnn f Jir'of h !h ro rnar- : - s .tor from Missouri - ' from 1838 to 1843."
