The Oregon daily journal., January 01, 1915, Page 6, Image 6

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THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1, ' 1915
A 1
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TLJ C ' tt IDMAI 'freedom,- that we govern ourselves
I Pi C. : J KJvJ iXVirKLmr ballot and . that ire still
" aw mpr.rr.VTtr.rr nr.wmr ArK. chart 'xur course by - tbe' Declara-
. iachimh ' i, rnHmtar. jtfon of Independence.
fcbiitii rrry mniBg iwt oni 4 j 80 rejoicing 'and so - believing,
X;.r'VwWV7 fPd h parting year and turn
a....,.' .t ilc u.U oc tJ ; Jhe new to meet Its responsl
triaamiMtoa throuk ut '.wiiii.ii atoms i blliuea and, claim its rewards.
.k-UirrtoSE" Mala 71Ti: Hosm. AaMl-' !
tfrpariatmta jvacbad by tbaaa noaaftaca. law
th pf utoT artim iarmt wa waar
Viik.iU ADVfctt nl uKf KkMKNTATIVK
. HnJaitn Kant Dor Co
Brooicfc BldE..
baa Bi1. fhlatw.
kuwMrinua taraaa bf BiaJI f tu - ral
ra is tk Halted Sttta ataxia
- . DAILY. '
Om ,.,, .$8.00 I Oo aat
tnDT. !.. :l-
Cm year, f . . -$8-60 Ob faottt.
DAILY AND B0WDAT. j -.1
A burst of swt music, the
, liatenera hear,
-The atar and the angels giv,e
warning j
He is coming ii beauty, thia
Joyful New Tear, J
'' Over the Flowefrstrewn stairs
of the morning.
. '& is bringing a day with
(lad pulse beating.
For the sorrow add passion are
gone, -i
And Love and fLlfe have . a',
rapturous meeting
1 In the rush and, the gladness ;
of dawn. .'
( The OM has gone out with a,
erown that Ss hoary.
The New. in isj brightness Is
here; 1'
Then let lis look up in the
light and the glory,
" And' welcome thjls royal Neipr
Tear. '
- . v -Anonymous. '
THE $IXD
A'
A YEAR, could have been
far worse. .
It nyght have been a year
, like that in Mexico, . a year
'of internecine stripe, bareftJot sol
! diers,? neglected fields and diemem
5 . bercd society. I . -
1 V lit might have pejn a year of
floods or pestilence or famine, a
year like that of j which news so
often float to urt from d'stant
lands where civilization has not
led the races out 4tf darkness into
that leveller day j in which men
learn how to provide against the
blllng panes of hunger and the
-wasting ravages of contagious dis
ease. .
" ' It ' might have been - a year like
;1IKe those in the dim past when
hordes of Huns canoe trooping over
: mountain ranges ti overrnn civil
ization and substitute the ways ot
."the Jungle for the (peace arid sun
shine ' and liberty j of a Chrfstian
order, a year of macsacre and
. plunder and rapine;
, v,' Qr it might haife been a year
! Hke many years ini; Poland, where
v the 'people are "taxed without reij
resrntation, where the speaking of
the Polish t6ngue is prohibited by
; ukase-, where children must attend
'schools ' of instruction in a lan
jffuage which ', they hate, where
.there Is no free Speech or free
' press, where the people have been
robbed of their lands, despoiled
Tot their national unity and become
i trespassers in the : land of their
- brth.
" Or It might. hayej been a year of
'""social cataclysm like that in' Eu
'rope in which nln0 gerat. nations,
'. are : destroy in g each other in the
! bloodiest war In'hlsjtory, where the
awful catastrophe of battle horri
; flew a continent and appalls the
world, where men! go down to
I death and children weep and wo
men mourn.' where civilization lat
; near the breakdown under the
, staggering fact that nearly' nine-:
teen million men, j equipped with"
every modern devilce for rending
limb and life, are; engaged in a
.terrific struggle to shoot and 'bayo
net' and malm, and mutilate and
piurder and massacre one another,
i It might have been a year like
' that In, Belgium with more than
. seven mtlliotf people; homeless, shel
terless, foodless and without, the
' means bf securing either; or it
might have been a year like that
' at Lodz, where beautiful', young
I' girls offer to sell themselves - into
r white slavery to secure food and
1 shelter, where great crowds stand
for hours in front of bakeries hop
Ing for a stray chance to secure a
crust of bread, where men, women
and children shiver In the streets,
'begging for food and. like dogs,
scouring the alleys for a bone.
'.AgalnBt these pictures of the
' present and past, our own United
States is free from war and pesti
lence and famine. !We are in. the
midst of profound peace 'and tran
- i ulUtyi Our late harvests yielded
a colossal total of ten billion dol
. lars in agricultural products, &
sum equal to one fourth the value
Of the farms or one half the , value
. of, the railroads of the country. It
,1a la vast: bounty, totaling $100 each
for every man, woman and child tn
the .nation. "
":in government, there has-been
by legislation a levelling of the
forces and measurable' Bteps for-J
. war.a ior a more equitahie distribu
tion of the. products of labor by
bringing the operations of power-
- f al ' interests within the' require
ments of . laws. In. congress, party
. irnest nave . been broken down : In
the-passage of measures for curbing-dishonest
business and for giv
ing-, new ' freedom and a broader
. Justice to honest business and the
average man.
; 5 Never ias a year" closed arflld
conditions - and environments " that
afforded greater reason for, re
, newed ; faith and - sublime- confi
dence In-bur own country, its in
stitutions and- its destiny.
' As we look out upon the wbr 1 d
and contemplate its lights and its
shadows, its joys and . its sorrows,
its Jiopes and ita disappointments,
'Jts aspifatiops and Its miseries, we
; ian' tnore than jever beforerejoice
tfiat'we -llve In" alland" 6l 'perfect
: '"',', ;t ,Cv ''t
A SCUTTLE PLAN"
HERB are more ways than one
to nullify the initiative and
referendum. .. . :
- The provision in the 'in
stitution could be . repealed. Or,
there-could be a provision, requir
ing a majority of all those yoting
at an election to approve a measure
before it could pass. , A measure
to scuttle the. Initiative and refer
endum by -this process 'was pro
posed and overwhelmingly beaten
at the 1912 election.
Or, the securing of signatures
to .petitions ; could be so Jiedged
about with restrictions as to ren
der ' the system inoperative,, and
that is the plan proposed by the
Ncn-P&tftisan League. This organ
ization,,1 which was , much in evi
dence at the last election, would
prohibit the circulation cf petitions.
In a measure - suggested to , the
Multnomah delegation, a view is
given of its plan. -s ,
The bill provides that' signatures
to initiative and referendum peti
tions must be subscribed at places
designated by the-county clerk and
in the presenee of officers appoint
ed by the county, clerk . The coun
ty clerk shall set apart sufficient
space in the courthouse for the
purpose of taking signatures until
the nlumber of signatures sub
scribed reaches two per cent of the
number, of votes, cast in such
countyi at the next preceding gen
eral election. ' ' .'-
When the number of signatures
exceeds two per cent, the county
clerk shall then Select school or
other public buildings as places
where signatures may be taken,
and he shall select such a number
as will allow one place for each
1 0,000 votestto be qast.- Only reg
istered .vofjers .or'1 persons who
swear in their names with the af
fidavits of six freeholders may sign
the petitions. Each person vwhcf
signs the petition must make oath
in the presence of officers appoint
ed by the county court that he or.
she is qualified to sign.
- The Journal has not the slight
est doubt .that the effect of a law
In these terms . would be to prac-
Hrji11v tinlHfv all further ntivi-
-.,0
ties by the people in passing lawsK
It submits that there is no need
for a change so drastic and so com
pletely reactionary. . ..
TheN initiative and referendum
are the- best tQOls ever tlevfeed f or J
use In a seir government. Nothing
has happened in Oregon and noth
ing is going to happen In Oregon
tq warrant the enactment of legis
lation that will lay on the shelf
the populari devices by which the
people? have been able to make
their ijower felt in lawmaking.
V SAFETY FIRST
c
OINCIDENT with its growing
reputation as a place where
reckless autojnobHe drivers
are sent to the rock pile,
Portland is also gaining notoriety
for the establishment of a prece
dent in dealing with bulls that
roam around, nights without carry
ing lawful lights. For example the
Tribune . of Oakland, California,
says:
Portland. Oregon, has an ordi-
nancfe requiring' all vehicles traveling
after nightfall to carry lights. A
Jury recently acquitted the driver of
a motor truck fur killing a bull wan
dering on the streets after dark . for
the reason the-animal was not Illumi
nated and ' the chauffeur could not
see him, which appears to establish
a new standing .for animals in that
vicinity.
The Tribune, is right as to the
non-illumination of the bull. Also
as to the fact that he came to an
untimely end, due to a head end
collision with Tin auto truck.
However, he was not roaming at
will on the streets but on a subur
ban road. ;, If he had been a street
wanderer, !. unfamiliar as ho was
with traffic rule, his exit from this
vale of tears and chauffeurs would
have happened much sooner, even
though brilliantly illuminated fore
and aft.
THE PURK SEED LAW
I
T IS announced ' that Oregon's
pure seed law- will be enforced.
When the act went into effect
? seed dealers, had bought their
supplies for 1914,.-. and the pure
seed board decided that . they
should have an opportunity to ex
amine their stock and get ' rid of
all that did not ' come up 'to the
standard set by the law.,
; That time of grace has expired;
and now there - can .be no1 valid
Complaint against enforcement of
the law. An active Campaign of
education . has teen carried bn,
dealers ..have been " supplied, with
copies of the enactment, and' seed-
men and Tarmers . generally . have
Tfen acquainted with the best man
ner ot complying with, it. , x
Professor H. D. Scudder, tcbair
man of the boar'd, Is , anxious ..that
all dealers, who carry seeds as' a
side Hne should know In "advance
that the law applies to them if they
seQ ' in rj packages weighing one
pound or.more. The act provides
jutci vu-uar qi peed Ol - One
pound .or more in weight which l
posed for, sals within the boundaries
of . the state of Oregon must be la
beled plainJy and correctly - with the
name 01 in seea , coniainea and with
the purity and germination thereo-
and further, no seed containing cer
tain noxious weed seeds, - such a dod
der, Canada thistle; and the like, can
be sold at all inr Oregon..
. There should be cooperation with
T
the auihoritfes in enforcing the ling -to stand up and apply "that
law.' The dealers hare been givenjshort' ugly word' to the statement
plenty of time to arrange their j
stocks, and tffey should be ready
for Inspection 'when men charged
with the act'a enforcement call.
' Oregon has been a dumping
ground for inferior seed not sale
able in adjoining states because
of -their laws. Oregon's agricul
tural interests must be protected.
The law does not prohibit he sale j
of Inferior seed, but if suc seed '
is sold it must be sold for what
It is. ..." .
EVERY YEAR
T
MB-' t Irst day of January,, as
. niafking the beginning of the
year, was observed as a public
holiday in Rome from at least
the time of the Julian reformation
o f , the f calen dar. 'Ovid . describes
the day as one marked by an ab-'
stinehce: from litigation and strife,
the sMoking altars,; the white robed
fjroeesslons to the capitol and later
writers- describe " the exchange J of
visits, the giving and. recelvlngVof
presents, the masquerading and the
feasting with which; It was cele
brated throughout the empire.
4 Participation by Christians in the
ordinary New Year's Day observ
ance , was at first discouraged by
the church. "Christians were ex-"
pected to spend the day . in quiet
meditation, 'reading the sculptures,
and acts of charity. . -' . - ,
When about the fifth century
Christmas. Day had gradually be
come a 'fixed festival commemo
rative of "the nativity, New Year's
Day took on a sacred "character as'
the octave' of- Christmas day.
While t it is a 'day of rejoicing J
and exchange or leiicitauons it nas
a; deeper- significance. If is- a day
of balancing - accounts with neigh
bor and self, a day of: resolution
renewed. It is a day that has been
arbitrarily marked put on the. river
of time for self introspection.
OH, a wonderful stream is the River
Time, -
As it- flows through the realm of
tears.
With a faultless rhythm and a music
al rhyme.
And at broader sweep and a surge
sublime.
As it blends with the ocean of years.
Tb childhood and youth" slow is
the glide of , the river "through
shadow and sheen" but as age ad
vances ever faster do the new years
come and go, bringing so much to
do and faking away so little done; J
bringing new cares and new sor
rows, "dark days and darker mor-
ows," taking away '"dead loves
and ambitions; bringing' new affec
tions, leaving only recollection.
Youth impatiently awaits the
coming of every year with its roads
leading to the castle of desire. ' '
Middle age reviews Its mistakes
and takes, profit from experience.
Old ' age- sits . by the fire- and
turns the leaves of memory's gol
den book. .
But. the truer life draws nighen
Every year;
And its morning star climbs higher,
Kvery year;
Earth's hold on jis grows slighter.
And the heavy burthen lighter,
And the Dawn immortal brighter ;
Every year.
AS ANOTHER SEES US
HETHER t h e appended
characterization; of Port
land by an Alaska newspa
per is just or unjust, is for
tfce people of Portland to say.
Sometimes : it v, is jgood for us to
know what people are saying about
us, -and that Ms the main reason
for ' reprinting here the follcuving
from the Skagway Alaska:
The Portland (Or.) Steamship Com
pany, which early, last summer put a
line of small steamers on the Alaskan I
run in competition with the ocean
liners .running! out of Puget Sound
ports," and with a fanfare of trum
pets as to what it : was going to ac
complish in transportation business,
has found that it requires ' more than
wind to divert business to the sleepy
Oregon 'metropolis from its -wideawake
rival on Puget Sound, and in
consequence has gives notice of its
intended withdrawal at an early date.
The business men of Seattle - are
undoubtedly, selfish In the interest
they manifest - in the welfare and
advancement of Alaska, but they
didn't quit when hard times struck
the territory, and; it was an open
question -in .their minds as to whether
they would ever be able to -collect tor
the- goods 'that they were- sending
North to their; customers on every
boat.
- The "business ,.. men of Portland,
however..' who in the -' heyday of the
Klondike rush had a line of vessels,
running out of that city to Alaska,
as soon as adversity struck the ter
ritory and trade conditions became
uncertain, threw up the,, sponge and
were perfectly willing for their Seat
tle competitors to take all the risks,
.i Since the brighter business outlook
for Alaska, brought: about by the
$35,000,000 appropriation by congress
at Ms last regular Session for the
building Of a government-owned rail
road, , the .'Portland people concluded
ther -wouhl like to be In at the melon
cutting; .but have found that even in
such a simple-operation a crude and
nasty implement, does not make . for
effectiveness. 1 - . :
F0r Portland to broacly plead
guilty to this characterization as
"the sleepy -Oregon me-xopotis" re
quires a. measure of self-effacement
as well as a modicum of hu
miliation. But, in view of our rec
ord in Alaska, our failure to hold
at 'least a part of that territory's i
Ja .t.AW v j
great trade of which we once had f
all," our lack of. interest -now In '
making a struggle through steam
ship connections to. become a fac
tor in the great development and
Immense ustifruct to come from un
locking; 'Alaska-" with government
railroads , and new legislation, can
we look- the Alaskans in the face
and: tell thern we are, not "the
sleepy Oregon metropolis." -but a
live. alert and 'aggressive trade
city? ; '
The Journal .has Its ""opinion of
the matter and' presumes that all
Portlanders have -their views.
Probably ' none of us 'would - be wil-
W
of the Skagway paper.'
In arranging for proposed econ
omy in the coming legislature, how
about the , clerkships? So' far in
the public discussions of what
members are planning for elimina
tion of expense, nothing has ap
peared respecting the . notorious
derkfeblp abuse,; There Is no field
n which , there has been a . more
wanton i . waste of public money.
There is no field In which so much
can be done with only slight effort
to make savings that would he
worth while;
(Commonlcatlona sent to The Journal for
publication In till department sooold be wrlt--4
tea on otij- on aioa or toe paper, aoonia pec
exceed rSOO warda In 1 length and mnat t ac
companied by -tb name aod, addrera o( the
aender.i .- If -the writer doea not desire td
ba tba nam pablisaad, be abtml4 ea state.)
: "Dlaenaalon la the xreateat ot 'mil raform
era. . it ratloaallaea aerythln it toaebea. It
tdtm princlplea of aU : falae - aanetity . and
throw tbera back on tneir reaaonablaneas. If
they bava bo reaaonableoesa, it rntbMaaiy
eraabea them oat of existence and aet up it
own GOBClttSlooa In tbelr atead," Woodrow
WUaOtt, . : . , .
- '.: v j An Appreciation. -
Multnomah Farm, Dec? 30. To the
Editor of The JournaL "But glory,
1'onorj and peace to very, man that
workejth ood." Romans, -ff?40.
A hjappy New year for The'Jouraal,
and many more of the kind to, follow.
A happy New Tear f or The Journal and
all rightly thinking people! . . -
I read an article in The Journal a
few days ago that drew my attention
to s. heading specified as, "The Jour
nal's Way." I see. in this article that
there are some folks that are not very
well" pleased with the editorial pagea
of. The Journal, denouncing it as spon
sor for .'.'half-baked politics,!, economic
and social nostrums."
It is utterly impossible to please all
classes 'of men alike with one thing at
the same time. The difference In opin
ion ' causes jealousy .and hatred. An
Infidel and a pious pereojn are bound
to disagree in opinion; so will, a Cath
olic and a Protestant. -
It was truly a blessed day for the
people of the City of Portland and the
state of Oregon when The Journal was
founded.' Many t&anks to The Journal
for- its integrity - and endurance, and
also,' for its enthusiasm inv the true
highmindedness - it has always dis
played. , i
"Be ye strong therefore, and let not
your hands be weak: for your work
shall be rewarded" I Chronicles, 15-7.
OTTO MUEHLEKBRUCH.
Those Conductors.
Gervais, Or., Dec. 30. To the Editor
of The Journal The St. Johns and
Mount: Scott ladies' recent compliments
to their street car: conductors no doubt
were appreciated, i A little condemna
tion was intermingled to place Mount!
Scott on the summit of fame. Let m
take the laurels from, both to bestow1
upon the Oregon! Electric conductors!.
Last summer a lady with a heavy child
on one arm and a suitcase on the oth
er was assisted Off the car at High
land. She became indlgant and tongue
thrashed the courteous conductor . be
cause he helped her. "That's if," said
he; "some are offended if you don't
help 'them; others are offended if you
do, and we have to take it all!" Dur
ing the day, shopping in Salem, I be
came confused with packages, but man
aged to get on the car. I was bothered
as to how I was to get them off grace
fully at Hopmere. However, before
the car stopped, the seemingly -unobservant
conductor kindly- came to my
assistance, and I surely appreciated it.
Neither St. Johns nordount Scott is in
it with the Oregon Electric conductors.
Ve wiBh them all a Happy New Year.
ELLA M. FINNEY.
Hot Lake Cannot - Be Frozen.
Hot Lake, Or Dec 3L-To the Edi
tor ofi the Journal A cold weather
story, absolutely untrue, has been pub-'j
llshed in nearly au the. leading papers
of thei northwest, - including The Ore
gon Journal, to the effect that Hot
lake has frozen over and, the guests
are skating on it- .' : 'f
I wonder the romancer did not iad.i
that a skater broke through thei Ice
and scalded his feet. There is not a
word cif truth in the article. -
- Therie is a small : pond near Hot lake
which freezes !jover every winter,; but
Hot lake itself has never yet been af
fected toy the weather, and on" the cold
est day this season the steam from the
surface .of the lake could be seen for
miles. !
Willi you kindly aid me in nuffifying
the effect of such a libel on this- old
natural wonder of ; the northwest?
j G. W. TAPE.
Shooting at Fugitives.
Portland, Dec 30. To the Editor of
The Journal We have abolished cap
ital punishment; therefore, we ought to
use the old law regulating the police.
They have no right to "use. their guns,
except h in- self-defense. Because a
cheap, robber held up a cheap man in a
cheap saloon is no excuse to risk the
lives of our people. This shooting at
a fleeing man's legs is dangerous, be
cause there is no telling whom the
bullet will hit. It should be . forbid
den. If they kill their prey, I suppose
they would tell us the victim resisted.
JOHN DONALDSON.
- . '. ' A Dream.
From the Detroit News.
The i men in the trenches, standing
ankle-deep in slush ' and mud, were
rehearsing a phrase in a foreign
tongue. It passed from lip to lip,
furtively, ".
An Observer ; telephoned back from
his pit between the lines that. infantry
fire was going high and the command
to usej greater deliberation , was sent
from angle "to angle of the steep
ditches in which ! the soldiers stood.
The-light was poor because the
Christmas sun had not yet scaled, the
horizon. . The eyes' of the sharp
shooters Were turned toward the east
where a wall ; of : poplars drew a
straight edge along- the sky.
--"Thei sun!" proclaimed a strong
voice, j "The sunt It is a signal."
A roar went up from a thousand
throats and a thousand men began to
scramble over the - dirt rampart. A
terrificp volley from the enemy cut
down half of them, but the other half
tOB8ed j thelr rifle8 to the ground and
stood erect, their arms outspread to
salute the sun.
"Peace!" they icried. in a tongue
new-learned Jy most of, tt i em. .
A scattered . rattle of musketry and
a few score more tumbled back. From
the rear came the -curses of officers
and the popping, of sidearrns. More
fell. - But the others marched slowly
and erect toward the foe. . s -,.
"Peace. Let cai have peace!'' was
their chant. .
Faces appeared1 n the ridge ahead
and a i few dazed men climbed into
yiew. their rifles held in readiness. ;
V "Don't shoot,'- cried ; some, ' "see,
they have thrown', down their arms.
They have surrendered". '
"We have not surrendered,' shouted
a .spokesman in -the- advancinav rank.
" 1 1 '1 1 n. I .i i i .
Letters From the People
A. FEW SMILES
. Proudley If Dobleigh has finished
his painting why doesn't he send It to !
the exhibition and lt VI
people see It I jffilt OJk-I
Emmerly Because
he's in a quandary
about - giving it a
name. Some of his
friends want him to
enter it as "The Falls
of Niagara" and oth
ers advise him to turn the cauvas up
side down" and call it "A Yellowstone
Park Geyser.'- Puck. j ;
"6h, doctors I have sent for you.
certainly; i still I must confess that
I have not the slight
est faith in. modern
medical science.",
"Well," j , said the
doctor, "that doesn't
matter in the least.
You see. a mule has
no faith, in the veter
inary surgeon., and
yet he cures him-all tbersame." ;
General , Joff re once told a good
humored story of a party of Jfoyr Britr
Ish tourists who entered a Parts res
taurant one evenine i i -
and announced that
tfeey wanted dinner.
"Ana ws' don't
want -any of your
frogs, - or snails, or
liorses, ;one of them
told the waiter, se
verely. V '.e'U s start
with soup soma , sort of plain soup.
"Certainly, sir' replied the waiter,
and next, minutes the four Britons
heard him. shout down the , speaking
tube to the kitchen: ."Cat soupP
Without -a-word the tourists seised
their hats and bolted. It Was not
until some time later that they dis
covered that in French "four soups"
"q'uatres soupes" is' pronounced al
most exactly .like "cat soup." - "
"We are going, home. It is Christmas
day. We will fight no more. Come,
celebrate the day with us."
An officer shot him through the
baekjand he fell, face up and smiling.
"Peace," he cried, as the red froth
bubbled on his lips.
1 Then, in - the inexplicable manner
that thought and feeling- travel
through a mob, the idea raced along
miles of entrenchments' and tens -of
thousands of men from . both sides
poured out and ran toward their form
er' "enemies." - Men .! embraced and
sobbed. A wild tumult swept -from
regiment to regiment, dying away in
a faint hubbub down the line..
A few gun shots Intermingled with
the uproar and' now a man felt before
the pistol of a half crazed superior, or
a- war-maddened private slew an of
ficer. But they were used to killing,
these thousands, and a few dead, men,
more or less, could not spoil their
ecstacy., r-
And so they marched, shoulder .to
shoulder German, Briton, Gaul and
Slav singing as they went. Guns
and ammunition were left behind.
Generals' gave up their automobiles to
weakened soldiers from the ranks.
Aeroplanes, telephone and telegraph
wires bore the: news Ahead and by
noon - On Christmas day the world
knew that the last battle of history
had been fought.
Prussia and Its Making.
From the Christian Science Monitor. '
The kingdom, of Prussia, created la J
1701, like almost all the German states.
was composed of domains gathered to
gether, one byone, through the efforts
of1 the reigning family. It was not a
country, , we read in the "History .qf
Contemporary Civilization," by Charles
Seignobos, but only an assemblage of
territories scattered throughout .Ger
many, in every direction, and having
no communication' with each other;
some were far-to the west, even on tba
lef t bank of the river Rhine; the prov
ince of Prussia was to the east, outside
of the limits of the empire; in the cen
ter .was Brandenburg. All these prov
inces were poor, and with a small pop
ulation (In all about 2,300,000). Prus
sia was nothing but a small state. The
Hohenzollerns have made of it a great
power, xney nad no iaeas concerning
the nature of government which were
different from those of the princes of
their time. They also exercised the
family policy," seeking above all to
augment the power of their house by
the increase of their domains and their
power; they, too, determined upon a
state policy, employing every means
in their 'power, for the accomplishment
of the purpose in view. But they dif
fered from the other princes in their
manner of living, and that Is the rea
son of their success. Instead of squan
dering their reyenues for the purpose J
of keeping up a court ana in giving ex
travagant spectacles and feasts they
devoted them entirely to the expenses
of the state, and especially to the sup
port of an army. . The money which
the kings of Prussia saved from their
personal -expenses they devoted to the
use of their army. No government in
Europe had, at that' time, so large an
army in proportion, -to the numbers, of
its subjects 80,000 men ror a country
of 2,600,000. This was 16 times great
er than Austria, and four times greater
than France possessed. - Now, in the
seventeenth century, as all difficulties
between nations were decided by war,
the importance of a power was meas
ured by the strength of its army. The
kine of Prussia, with his little state
and - large army, became one of thei
three great powers of Europe.! . j.
ij-'
Celibate Income Tax Payers.
From the New Orleans Picayune..
The wealth centers, the homes of
multimillionaires, are now In the east
in or around New York, Chicago, Phil
adelphia, Boston. The fifth city among
the very rich is, strange tf say, De
troit, which has won that position in
the last few 'Vears, possibly by the
products of the automobile Industry.
Pittsburg' and San Francisco, hich
formerly contributed many, of tne big
incomes, the former through: l9 iron
industry, the latter througS ! its con
trol: of the Pacific coast and Rocky
mountain; mines, have lost their pre
eminence, not through any loss of for
tunes, bit most of their multimillion
aires have moved to New York to en-
loy its social advantages and pleas
ures. There are 14Z5 Americans re
siding abroad who pay an Income tax,
with average fortunes, of $15,000 a
year. These rich people live abroad
on their incomes from fortunes made
ia .this country. There are also .45
aliens who enjoy American j fortunes
which yield them an averages of $20,000
each, among which must be! included
those who have won big: stacks of
American money by interactional mar
riages: with home heiresses. !
Another result shown by the income
tax returns is the tendency of the
rich, to singleness,', which selfishness
is most striking in New Tork. .About
one fourth of- all the persons paying
an income tax are unmarried, with the
males twic as numerous - as the fe
males. In .New. .York - more -than one
third of aU taxpaying incomes are en
joyed by single persons, men f and
women.- -. ' -;.--"-?' yi -t ?
- . Irony? Oh, Nol
i , From . Collier's- .Weekly.
For president. Boles : Penrose. - The
PERTINENT COMMENT
S&LtlJj CHANGE
I
i
Laughter is merely, a smile set t8
. V:...- 'H.;
r Words of wisdom are few, but there
are many echoes.
, . I a-" . ' .!
"It's easier to fall in love or a river J
mn u u to cumr out. i .
. i . i ' r 1
True dotnestlo happiness is founded
upon the rock of the cradle,
. I '.
We feel sorry for a deaf mute when
he steps on a tack in the dark.
f t'; a poor mirror that will not
enable a man to see his best friend.
ii i
' A foolish woman grows old about
as gracefully as she climbs a fence.
What most married- men would re
joice to see is a war tax on old bach
elors. 1 .
. ' ! v
Eliminate politics, religion and the
weather and there wouldn't be much
left to talk about.
1 i ' i . v '
Silence may be golden, but a man
will not get far in this World unless
be boosts his own game. - .1
; ..;. ' -
Nearly alt men are ldoomef to death
by the doctors, but occasionally . the
doom is-postponed for years.
y .
This is the time of Tear when futhAr
getting up in the middle of the night,
steps on little Willie's tin soldiers.
The real difference between a porous
plaster.and a sponging. relative Is that
you can pry the porous plaster loose.
By the time the average man
reaches the age of 60 he knows a lot
of things he would like to get rid of
at 99 per cent less than cost.
Father will spend a good deal of
money to enable daughter to take "a
course in -domestic science" when
mother can teach her how to scour the
dishpan and make biscuits and waffles
for nothing. . But daughter scorns the
laea. . ,
LOOKING OUT UPON THE NEW YEAR
Fort Worth Star - Telegram: AsTbi
to the future no misgivings need af
fright the most timid of us. The na
tion will hold steadily to the white
ways of peace. Out of the rich abund
ance of our resources we will feed and
clothe warring peoples and out of the
superabundant trade nalances of the
almost immediate future we will read
our titles clear to th commercial and
industrial supremacy of the' universe.
In the meantime let us respond to the
Insistent rap of opportunities at our
door, uncover our full complement of
ten talents and earn, as is our right
and duty, the blessings of mankind in
every land. "
Philadelphia Ledger: The "prais
ers of a past time" who think that the
world Is evil, that the great and good
men died long ago. that the milk of
human kindness is curdled and It is a
selfish and ravening population that
seeks to get all and give nothing
these caustic, disheartened censors of
their own age have missed the truth.
and. having eyes to. see, are purblind
to I acts seii-evident. Never was there
among men so active and ardent a de
sire to give help where help is needed.
Never were there so many folk fairly
afire with philanthropy' If the needs
of charity have risen to mountains of
vast dimensions, there are more reso
lute, unafraid souls than . ever ready
to. cope with the gigantic problems of
relief. Men know who their neighbors
are as they did not formerly know,
and stand ready to be a brother's keep
er where once they turned him out into
the drifted! snows and the piping winds
without recognition.
New Orleans States: "How trivial
the results of the temporary disloca
tion . of our channels of trade when
contrasted with the industrial and
commercial paralysis which has seized
upon the warring nations! Already we
are recovering from the immediate ef
fects of the war. Come the end soon
or late, that recovery must continue
to be increasingly progressive. So
while our sympathies and our charity
go forth in unbounded measure to the
millions suffering from the lacerations
of this old-world ' holocaust, may our
hearts swell with gratitude for the
blessings of the passing year and
those the future apparently holds .for
us.
Omaha World - Herald: . The thun
ders of the guns havevnot stilled the
voice of love or quenched ; the. hope for
a demonstration of the brotherhood of
mankind. - The instruments of war
now being used are the most Ingeni
ously ; contrived for destruction that
have ever been known, put the world
takes no pride in them and was never
more anxious to th row- all its weapons
of warfare away.
Philadelphia Telegraph: Out of the
black errors of this year's madneas
on' earth eternal righteousness will
Issue to re-create .the world of men.
The evil passions of imperial ambition,
commercial lust and ignorant antagon
ism will exhaust themselves in com-
END OF CYCLE OF RAILWAY REGULATION
By John M. Oskison.
Investors in the bonds of American
railways will do well to ; follow the
r.ews, developments concerning taxes,
rates, and state and federal control
during the next year or two. ' ;
We are approaching the end iof a
long period In which the disciplining
of the railroads has been carried on.
For about 16 years we have seen a
steady Increase of taxation, a tight
ening of the grip "uporl roads by state
railroad commissions and by the in
terstate' commerce commission, and a
reduction of rates. In the same time,
railroad expansion has gone forward
and the bonded debt of the carriers has
increased tremendously, v
A crisis was bound to come. It has
arrived at a time when the difficulties
of the railroads are increased by the
war in Europe." Defaults and receiver
ships have overtaken some of the weak
roads, and the stronger are finding it
hard to borrow money.
For two years or more-, the roads
have been striving mightily to get
their case before the people. They
have admitted freely that abuses did
exist and that regulation had to come.
Now they say it is time to recognize
their pressing needs for" relief if i they
are to survive. - ! r-
Blairsvilie (Pa.) Courier explains why:
"First, he has come forth victor in one
of the most strenuous campaigns ever
waged"; second, this victory -came, to
him in a ("business campaign": third,
Boies Penrose is courageous. "He has
kept th whiteness of his soul." To
quote our Pennsylvania contemporary;
Standing on the solid rock f Repub
licanism, he r watched unmoved the
gathering and breaking of a wild tem
pest. ."- . - r - Calmly and serenely he
waited for the outcome and refused to
desert the hous of his fathers r:to
worship strange gods. Today th wis
dom of his course is made manifest."
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
A, rifle club Is in process of organi
zation at Hillsboro. , . i .
"A number of new bungalows," aays
the Baker Democrat, "are contracted
for and building operations will soon
be under headway. Contractors see a
busy season ahead of them in Baker."
The Orenco Military-band, which in
one year has bought instruments -and
uniforms and built a bandstand, , in
tends to make itself one of th state's
best. Its 25 members are hosts to the
community in a reception today.
'-': ' ;.. .
Bend Bulletin: There is a great
tract of land between Bend and Burns.
Today it is generally called the home
stead country. Hundreds of -families
have settled out there, and thousands
of dollars. Worth of improvements have
been made. Six years ago there were
only rabbits and stock where now are
homes, schools, fences and fields.
' . I
"The Hood river valley apple grow
ers," says the Hood River Glacier In
its 1915 forecast editorial, "already
have put to the test diversified farm
ing. The successes shown already will
cause an Increase in this line of agri
culture. We look for a year of solid,
conservative advancement."
-.
Announcement has been made in the
Crook County Journal of the pureha4
of the paper by puy ' Lafollette of
Prineville. J. H. iGray. the former
owner, has already turned the prop
erty over. Mr. Lafollette has been con
nected witn-tne Journal - in tne past,
having had a half interest for three
years. From 1908 to 1910 he was post
master of Prineville.
-, ; - r
- Hillsboro Argusr Ten, prisoners en
joyed Christmas cheer in the : county
Jail Friday. While it Isn't at all a
cheerful place to spend a 'holiday, "yet
the boys were warm and. comfortable
and had a good dinner. Deputy Apple
gate gave them a Christmas tree and
it was decorated with nuts, candies
and ' cigars, and while it wasn't what
it was when they were boys, it doubt
less brought back the good old days
when Christmas meant so much..
atr and hearts now aflame will be
humble with a fertile welcome; for the
seed of love and Justice.
New York Evening Post: Civiliza
tion will soon be rebuilding Its shat
tered fabric, j making it fairer than
ever. Sympathy and the ' sense of
brotherhood , will speedily show them
selves to have a away over the human
race more powerful than fleets or
armies. Upon the present desolation
will be reared temples of peace. Look
ing at the war with something of the
large patience of him in whose sight
a thousand years are but as one day,
we may yet think of It as but a tem
porary bursting of wicked spirits from
the pit, into which they shall be thrust
back,-BO that the aspirations and high
endefft-ors of human beings may run
again their splendid course.
Christian Science Monitor: The -potentialities
of the world for the reor
ganization of society and for the rein
forcement of all that is best are un
limited. What the world needs, and is
perchance more ready for than some
would dare hope, is the replacement of
this so-called state of . peace, which has
been corroding the hearts and sapping
the energies of men. with a ; higher,
nobler and purer concept, which will
present to them a saner picture of in
dustry and -civic life, not in material
organizations, but in "metanoia," or
change of mind, into a healthier chan
nel. . ' - '
Montreal Star: It is impossible that
in these holiday times we should not
have our gladnecs shadowed with sor
row as wo turn from the joyous fes
tivals at home to the thought of those
who may never see home again. -It is
at such times that it Is hardest to con
tinue "life as usual." Happily, for
Canadan homes, the "spray of cypress"
has not yet appeared in many of them.
It is only the token of hazardous ab
sence. Still the shadow was there;
and we will long remember this dark
Christmas when the family circles
were so often broken, and when i we
faced the New Year with so deadly a
misgiving.
Collier's Weekly: Amid all the
welter of talk about the new year-
the pretty-pretty sentimentality, the
ponderous preaching about good reso
lutions and swearing off one great
fact remains. That is time. "Time
passed," Artemus Ward once ' wrote,
"It's a sort of way time has." Here
is one thing which no cynic, has ever
been able to deride successfully.
Ideals, innocence, love, even 1 death,
have been targets, but no sneer has
ever touched time. On and on stalk
the years the most Inexorable - ot
marchers. Time treats slj- alike
pugilist and debutante. Icing and gut
ter snipe. It plays no favorites. With
each revolution the creeping minute
hand puts one more hour behfhd. Per
haps it is well that no normal mind
dwells on all this. - It is better to re
alize, that the marching morrows hav
their glorious and inspiring side. What
is past is past, beyond our alteration;
but the future is always Just ahead,
and it is ours.
In certain territory th Interstate
commerce commission has permitted
an increase of rates, and a rehearing
of the roads' case has been granted.
A careful valuation of railroad! prop
erty, to be used as a basis for the fix
ing of rates, will be made.
We have arrived at the end of the
cycle. One of two things must come
next' either complete- government
Ownership or' such an adjustment of
charges andi loosening of restrictive
bonds as will 'enable , the roads to
show earnings sufficient to tempt pri
vate capital to take their bonds.
I do not believe that government
ownership will be the solution at this
time, though It may come after the
end of another period of inquiry. The
other thing will happen, and capital
will once more be attracted to railway
bonds. ' . !
If this Is a good forecast, investors
have a real opportunity t make money
by studying the list of railway: bonds
right now. There's no longer any re
striction on bond buying and selling
in any of our markets, and prices are
fairly established.; That they will go
higher is the prediction of the best
observers. "-
i - . -
We repeat: For president la "1916,
Senator Penrose, . of Pennsylvania, It
Is none too early- tb launch hi boom.
Other heroes aspire to those laurels
which Penrose alone merits, , There is
lusty young Jo-Cannon, of Illinois, for
one. There Is . that earnest reformer
from Illinois, William B. McKinley.
W.-' Barnes, of -Albany, N. Y has his
good friendsBarnes might beat Boies
to it- But Penrose really comes first
Pennsylvania's purest patriot, the pro
tective tariffs loyalest sandwich man,
the Republican statesman whose heart
is oil,-whose soul is steel. - - - -.
" - ' '-
, "IM SAKLT AT$" - . ;
By Trad ZAckloy. Special Btaff Writer of
- Tha. Journal.
In describing the trip j across . th
plains In 1849 WIUtam.H. Pock wood of
Baker county, says: "Our! military es
cort on its way from - Port Leaven
worth to San Francisco paased through
Salt Lake City late In thei summer of
1849. We were traveling By mule team
at the jrate of about 20- miles a day.'
A-few days out from SaH Lake City
we were overtakn by a yung man on
foot traveling light. - . -, .
"I think he was a Swede. He had
about 30 pounds of -flour, a tin cup
and knife, and no bedding, -lit had
started for. the California! gold mines.
At night he would mix. flour In his
eup, make n fire, roll thei dough from
his-cup on 4 stick and bake It, by -the
fire and eat it. He traveled with us
a day or two and then went on. It
was pretty - nervy of him. I never
heard whether he got through. If he
did it was largely a matter , of luck,
and because hexlid not have anything
the Indians wanted, unless H might
be his scalp. The Humboldt road was
closely watched by the Pi u ten, to steal
stock. The fact that the Indians wars
not on the war path may have saved!
mm. s , j . v, j ...:
"We met relief! parties Ion mule on
the Sierra mountains, sent; out by Gov
ernor Downey to) pick up late emi
grants on the road. So far as we knew
we were the last on the road, as It was
the 25th of Ocbafber, I8f, when we
met them. '.- . , . ;
"Hangtown consisted ofr a? few min
ers cabins along a dry gulch, where
some mining was being done. On of
our men saw a quarter J of venison
hanging on a tree and rushed lip, meat
hungry.'and asked Uhe owner of the
butchershop how much it waa.- V H
answered 75 cents Our ' man i had
Just 75 cents, so he caught the nam'
and pulled out his money to pay for
it He was told It was 76 cents , a
pound, and' it . would tint him nvnr
II. He concluded he did not want any 1
nam or venison. - . ' .-:-v i-s
"We made a canip at - ai place called
Diamond Springs. Some t men were
throwing up the soil in sags and flats,;
intending to wash fit up when th rains
set in; others rwere -tioing. what is
called 'crevlclng.' They had a sack,
a pick, knife and spoon and they crev
iced, the bare bedrock. At night they
came to the springs to ) pan it out.
It was a poor day's work when from a
flour sack- of dirt they did not get
from $50 to I100. ,
"Around our camp were oak trees
4nd an abundance of acorns. Living
on flour and coffee straight, as wa had
been doing for a number pf days, w
were nearly famished, so We gathered
acorns and roasted and ate thenv I
was worn out and half sick. .When
we reached Sacramento and reached
iamp. I was very sick. Dr. 1 Blrdsall
came to my tent and did what ha could
for me. What did me th most good
was corn meal gruel. My bunkie, Jim
mle McDermltt, had been j a soldier in
Florida Jn the .Seminole J Indian ; warU
He had an extra pair of bants, which
he took into Sacramento and sold for
$11. He bought some corn meal "at
35 cents a pound to use for me. That
night some of my comrades cams tot
fny tent, about 3 o'clock In tba morn
ing, to ask ho.w-. I was feeling. -They
said they hoped lwould Boon be wU
again, but they didn't say good-bye,
I knew their visit was meant for
good-bye. In the morning - they wer
gone. I never saw or heard from
them again, but I hare 'a warm feel
ing for them. I was only a boy. and
we had been together for months on
that hard and weary marqh across the
plains, and one and all -had been igood
to me. 6 t ' . - j., -
"Our escort of 25 had 7- now been,
reduced to McDcTmitt,t!'MeCluky,
Clemens and myself. If ;I would ro;
which Clemens wanted mo to do there
would have only been McDermltt and
McCiusky left, and if Clemens jutd i
had gone, I am of the pinionlthey
would have gone, too. J had gTveTr
my promise to my father never to de
sert, -and nothing could make ma break
my promise. Consider a -moment and
you will see what a temptation it was.
Our pay was- $8 a month Men were
making fortunes in the mines. Eight fl
dollars a day- as much as we had a
month wa.s low pay. Home got as
high as Jl a day. I saw on old
German who came with us as a team
ster. He was full of scurvy, so -much
so that we came near leaving htm at
the springs at Salt Lake to be cured.;
lie stood on a stump driving a team
to a horsepower saw, cutting shingles,
and he was paid 111 per iay. I also
met Mr. Taylor, a butcher from Springs
field, 111. He had a six mule team
and wagon. He reached th mines in
August, and began freighting to the
mines. He was paid as high as 3S
cents a pound for freighting 40 to ft
miles. He planned to sell his team
as soon . as rains set in.f ;lls would :
have a good stake- to go i noma with.
Sailors left their ships crewless. When:
I saw San Francisco narteor early ia
1850, it looked like a burned forest
On all sides were the; naked masts
of vessels, many of which had only
caretakers. No effort was mad to
bring back deserting sailors or sol
diers. There will never! be another";
'49 again. I saw It all and felt the
full force of the temptation to Join
the crowd; but I resisted th' tropta-
tlon, and I am glad now t()at X served
out my enlistment" ' t . - .'
The Ragtime Muse
Getting Ileadjr.
January now draws nigh; ' ' ,
Soon 'twill be the fateful first, ; Li
When mankind or low or high. - t
Poor and rich, the best and worst.
Of their habits must take stock, -.
And sWear off some petted sin, :
Some there be in our own flock i 1
Who scare know where; to begin! : ! ;
But my problem is, alas! I -.A - 1.
Unlike those in verses rich,' '
I'm the leader of my class, V
And, so far. I've cleared the ditch.
Yet with woe is filled mvicuoi r
I would do it if I could, f f
But I've nothing to give up - " .
I am just so awful good! . ,
Yet the youthful minds I Head
Must ses me some vlce.forego; V
My example then they'll heed -
And be spared a world of woe.
But. as I've remarked to you, w.
I have not a single vice,.
So I will acquire a few .
Can you think of something nic7 :
. Intended to Be. '
From the Chicago Herald.
"Ar you worried over "that cipher
message?" !
"Nay, it is naught to m"
The Sunday Journal
The Great Home Newspaper
consists of -j
Five. news sections replete with
illustrated feature. - "
.,. ..... ... .. i . . ....
; Illustrated magazine of quality.
' Woman's pages of 4 rare merit
Pictorial newt supplement '
Superb comic sectioru.-! " . .
5 Cents the Cop