The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972, December 30, 1914, Image 6

The Oregon daily journal., December 30, 1914, Page 6, Image 6

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Newspaper Page Text6 THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, WEDNESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 30, 1914. THE JOURNAL t; S. JACKMO . mba aittiakait rjr avanlnf laicapt Sunday t ana r Vundiir morolna ni ! iniil BolM ln. ftraarfw am VatnM't , PortlamlO umrwl at tlx guMumca- at PartlaaS. tr.. tw tranamtaaimi (brooch th aalla "M ! matfor . ' ' ' ni.kl'HU.VEH-Mll IllZi Horn. AWM. J ,- aapartmanta raarhad by acrnbara. Tell UKaWUN AUVEKT1U1WO KKPIlKsaNTATIVE nmln A Kcntoor Co.. n "?; . 125 riftk A.. Haw sock! Ca BMa. DitmoK 121 Paopat'a Mbacriytiua tarau tr aaail or to aajr ,araa la tbo Catted "tatea a Maxieoi DAILY. Obo .18.00 I Ob SMStft 9 OA rr B0 t Ono mrmfh f DAIL AKD 8UKDAT. M Asa w JTSO t nr m-nth -88 It is the province of knowl edge to speak, and It is the privilege of wisdom to listen. Oliver Wendell Holmes. FURTHER APPROVAL T HE Oregon supreme court, in a decision yesterday, upheld the acts of Governor West, Secretary Olcott and Treas urer, Kay in paying money out of the so-called "Revolving Fund" for Improvements made by Governor West at the state penitentiary. ' When Governor West took of fice, he found many prisoners, un employed. Others were at work under an odious contract in the old stove foundry. State money was being expended in the purchase of , supplies which the prisoners could themselves produce, but which they did. not produce be cause without facilities with which to work. 5 Governor West held that the idleness of convicts was destructive to them and costly for the state. Ho set about to provide employ ment for every man in the insti tution, both as a step for the bet ter morals of the convicts and as a means of making the prison as self supporting as possible. He opened the old brick yard, put a number of convicts to work in brick making, sold the output and with the proceeds and small amounts of money received from the stove foundry rentals, Installed and enlarged various shops for providing further employment for the convicts. He purchased more land for the brick yard, and in the course of time had every in- 1 mate of the prison engaged in some productive employment for the sup port of the prison and benetit or the state. ! It seems Incredible, but it is the fact that this constructive en deavor by Governor West was at tacked. The governor's purposes f and plans were misrepresented, his motives aspersed ana tne spienaia ! results he achieved, falsely stated 5 Effort was even made to throw doubt over the legality of his acts Ju using the "revolving fund," the result of which was, the suit brought by the attorney general, and .yesterday's decision holding .valid every act by the governor and other state officers in paying for tho improvements. , One of the highest public ser vices ever rendered in this state j has been Governor West's work at 'the state penitentiary. Opponents I In the 1913 legislature with which ithe governor was in constant con t filet, and from which he could ex j port little consideration, procured an investigation, ana so exemplary wes the governor's prison manage ment, that a majority report of tb investigating committee com pletely approved prison affairs. I With confirmation or nis acts Dy tk .hostile legislature and now by ith Oregon supreme court, uover- IBor West has all the recognition 1 ft hla prison activities that any fraau need aak for r-h has always 1 had the approval of that tribunal ? that is highest of all the sov- ; ereigtt people. 4WCCLARATION OF LONDON UES United States has notified Great Britain that this coun' try cannot accept piecemeal Adoption of the Declaration lot London. The note sent from .Washington to London is official a..! jo. V a AvaA4 rl rsa Tf WT1- f tClAC I.UT7- C00 U 4-Ll.V VI A,4.,A.V VA, WVlltQ lerents o determine by themselves Ihow the commerce of neutral na- iUona shall be treated. f The (Declaration of London was a set of principles of international Haw adopted by representatives of I ten nations in a conference that sat from December 4 , 1 9 0 8. to Febrn iary 26.,, 1909. The, countries rep- NBe&ted were Great Britain, SYance, tiennany, the United j States, Italy. Austria-H angary J Rus- isia, Japan, Holland and Spain. The ! conference was called to complete fcausiAeratfon of a prize law, which I work The Hague tribunal had ! failed te ozaplete. ! ; The agreement then reached, but wtich subsequently was not ratified by an the participating nations, in cluded rules on naval warfare. 1 blockade tn time of war. contra- band of wai1, unneutral service I transfer to neutral nag, convoy land resistance to search and-com pensation. ; i The easeace of the declaration oa blockade was that It must be ? confined; to porta and coasts be- longing to w occupied by the ene- ray, and that the blockade, to be S binding," must be effective.; On tse question of contraband the ; conferee ce aoptea mree eiassifi cations: abeolute, conditional and ', non-contraband. ; Great Britain did not ratify the agreement, aad as a result the Declaration of London has j been practically a dead letter daring the ' T - present war. That is the reason. showed 19,833,000 - horses In the j is not necessary to regard the total why the United States earlier in j United States. ' On January 1 of ; cost of surfacing a road as a teni tho conflict decided to withdraw this year tfiere were 20,962,000, t porary improvement. Much of the and rest its rights on principles . of international law. Had the Declaration of London been ratified by all nations that joined in framing it,' the " present j controversy over, neutral commerce 1 might have been avoided. As It is, the United States cannot do ; otherwise than rest its case on es tablished International law. A NEW5 JOURNAL FEATURE T HE money it earns, The Jour nal constantly -puts back into the paper in Improvements, in higher service and in ex tended usefulness. It is about to begin the publica tion on its editorial page of signed articles of editorial character pre pared by what might be termed a great national editorial , faculty. The writers are a body of men who have been selected with great ; care, each of whom is of large au thority on subjects of current in terest. Generally speaking, they are men who have - given lifelong study to the topics which they will discuss, and which, by reason of that study, they should be able to illuminate with great clearness and profound knowledge. It is a plan that has been adopted by a number of the great newspapers of the country. The signal distinction won in their various fields of endeavor by the men who will write is, In itself, a guarantee that this unusual fea ture will be highly attractive to readers. Among the men of na tional renown who have indorsed the plan by becoming members of this national editorial faculty are Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, presi dent of Columbia University; Dr. David Starr Jordan, chancellor of Lei and Stanford Jr. University; Dr. Edward T. Devine, director of the New York School of Philanthropy; Dr. Joseph French Johnson, dean of New York University School of I Commerce; the Rev. Dr. Charles F. Thwing, president of Western Reserve University; Professor Em ory R. Johnson, of the Wharton School of Finance and Economy of the University of Pennsylvania: Professor. Albert TBushnell Hart, of Harvard University; Honorable James M. Beck, Honorable Wayne MacVeagh, Rear Admiral Peary, Yves Guyot, Baron D'Estournelles de Constant, Dr. Milton J. Rose man, of Harvard University Medi cal School ; General W. -C. Gorgas, surgeon general of the United States army, and others. The Journal feels justified in claiming that at no time ha3 so much of the best thought of the world been brought into the ser vice of a newspaper. It is In no sense to supersede the present' form of impersonal editorial expression which is a part of the life and strength as well as an indispensa ble feature of every well conducted. newspaper. But the new arrangement cannot fail to interest and attract, in that it will afford the reader a basis of thought on current and con temporaneous events that will pe invaluable In assisting him to reach his Own intelligent conclu sions. AN AUTO DECISION USTICE STEERE of the Michi gan supreme court holds that mere observance of speed lim its by automobile drivers is not enough. In a recent decision he says: No blowing of a horn or whistle without an-attempt to slow the speed Is sufficient if the circumstances of a given ' point demand that the speed be slackened or the machine be topped, and such a course is practi cally up to the driver. Driving, on the wrong side of the street is not a "game of chance," according to Justice Steere. In case of an accident, it is a question 4or a jury to deter mine whether or not the driver had a right there, with the bur den of proof en the driver. As this jurist views? the law, it is man datory on the driver not only to observe the regulations as to speed but to operate his machine with the anticipation of meeting a person- at" any point of the road. A lookout for this chance pedestrian must be kept and the machine must be under such control that a collision will be avoided. That is the law in Michigan, as determined by the state's highest tribunal.- It places responsibility for the pedestrian's safety for the greater part on the man at the wheel rather than on the man in the street. The point is that the opinion makes contributory negli gence apply to a greater extent to the driver than to the pedestrian, but it is held that this should not prevent people from doing their share in taking precautions while crossing a thoroughfare. This decision should have the at tention of automobile drivers everywhere. It is tn line with but somewhat in advance of decisions in other states- HORSES Df AMERICA F EAR has been expressed that the European demand for American - horses has threat ened this country's equine re sources. Canada is complaining about the war's draft of finer horses for cavalry and artillery service, breeding stock being pre ferred. Large drafts have been made upon the United States, but the fear of a horse famine is some- what allayed by figures prepared by the department of agriculture. y In 1910 the government census! an Increase f 5.7 per cent. The ; increase since January 1, 1&.13, j was 1.9 per cent. The figures are j reassuring and interesting - reas-1 suring because they ' indicate that the nation, before Europe's war began, had a surplus stock of horses, and interesting because the statistics prove that the automobile is not crowding out the horse. The average value per head, January 1, 1914, was $109.32, a little less than in 1913, but morejcadams the percentage should be than in 1910. The average cost,; of raising a three-year-old is placed at, $104.05, and the horse at this age is given credit for $7.52, rep resenting the value of work per formed, thus reducing his net cost to $96:53. This mated to be 70.9 actual value of farm horse. The figure is esti per cent of the a tnree-year-oia cost of feed is placed at 54.1 'per cent of the total cost of raising, The way the horse has held his own in spite of ! automobile and motor truck is shcjwn by compara tive figures. In 1850 the ratio of horses to population was 19 per cent.; The proportion remained practically stationary until the dec ade 1890-1900, wnen It rose to 24 per cent. Thjen it fell ''ff slightly, and on jknuary 1 last it was 21 per cent. The ratio this year is as high as in any period prior to 1890, and higher than in any period preceding 1880. The total value jot all horses on farms at the beginning of this year was $2,291,638,000. THE CHAPIN CASE G OVERNOR WEST is consider ing the question of whether, in the Chapi case, the great est practical good will be ac complished by infjictlng the prison sentence on the defendant or, by parole of Chapin iwith the under standing that his friends make good the $35 0(- o which Mr. and Mrs. Grace were defrauded. There will be 'conflicting opin ions over the issue. Through a long period, all convicted men looked alike to society in generaL Tho verdict of guilty and the sen tence settled all,' notwithstanding the fallibility of courts and juries. We still live mjuch in the same atmosphere. Society has pro gressed but little in the problem of crime and criminals, because few people have been jat all interested. We apply punishments and penal ties after the same old fashion be cause they have always been ap plied that way. j Chapin is under sentence for having defrauded; two old people of about $3500 len trusted to his firm for investment and safe keep ing. The money j was invested in the firm's Tiusines, on the expecta tion of advances! in real estate through which the amount was to to be paid back vith good profits to the Graces. But real estate did not advance in value and the firm failed, sweeping way the savings of the aged couplie. , Under the law,j Chapin and Ms partner were properly found guilty. Yet they followed a system. It was high finance based on futures, just as has been true o thousands of other cases of realty operations. many of which were far more rep rehensible in the moral view. It was gambling on the unearned in crement, and in the case of Chapin, the players lost. In myriads of similar or worse cases, the players won, and therefore escaped a ver dict of guilty.4 Such is the defendant's side of the story. It undoubtedly has bearing. But the big issue in the Vse is the status of the victims. Mr. Grace is a paralytic and almost helpless. It was an awful . thing to defraud them of their savings. It has reduced them almost to a condition of want. If the money were now restored, it would pro vide for their comfort throughout their remaining days. And this is the consideration that brings the ispue home to Gov ernor West. A term for Chapin in the penitentiary win add noth- ine to the comfort of the Graces. A iriiamniAA hv I Phanin'a Wpnds that their money would be re turned, would put the Graces be yond all future need. Is it then, the true course to punish Chapin. or parole him? j Will the precedent of a parole outweigh the welfare of the aged and needy couple!? PERMANENCY IN HIGHWAYS A N IMPORTANT factor to be observed in the financing of good roadsj - r . . , . is the distinction oecween permanent and temporary improve- ment. When thfe time comes to cancel the bond issue there should oe boiueimug iu ouuw iut V"" to show money expended.! The alignment, grades, and drainage are flxeI features which are to be looked upon in tlie gnt of a permanent investment. if, they do not comply with a certain standard it is r oi.nnAir.il . . f nartl surfaces spend money on which must be repaired every, year at considerable expense. The rTMfftrrl uhonM !he rifitprminAr? hv local conditions, i Even when much- of the money expended upon a highway has gone into the permanent features there Is still dariger that the cost of repairs and maintenance will be overlooked orj slighted When roads are -built with borrowed money it Is especially Important 1 to avoid this error. On the other hand, however. It surf acing may : be classed as a per- manent investment and the better the quality of the pavement the more permanent the investment. , According to the suggestion of the United States ' Department of Agriculture an average of about i 62 per cent of the total cost of a ; well built macadam road should be put into the permanent features, alignment, grading and drainage. With bituminous or asphaltie ma- 56 per cent. The method of esti mating cannot be applied to any gravel or natural soil road In which no part of the surfacing can beonsidered permanent, for under mitst systems of maintenance It steadily deteriorates. Roads built with surfaces of concrete or with brick resting on concrete founda tion are generally regarded as permanent but it is not yet defi nitely known how long they will last, it depending on the traffic sustained and the honesty of the workmanship. Even with them some repairs will be necessary. ' It is plainly manifest that the initial cost of a road is never the final one and that the most ex pensive is the best. ... Letters From the People (Communis attona sent to The Jonrnnl for pabUcatfrm to this department should be writ ten on only one aids of the paper, should not exceed 300 words la length and moat be ac companied by the name and addreoa of the aander. If the writer doe not desire to have tha name published, be should ao state.) "DlRcnsaton la tbe irreatest of all reform era. It rationalise erery thing it touchee. It rotw principles of all false sanctity ac1 throws them back on tbeir reasonableness. If tbey have no reasonableness, it rntbleas;? crashes them oat- of existence and aet sp lta own canclueiona la their , atead." Woodrow WUsoo. Children Wlio Mourn. Hlllaboro, Or., Dec 29. To the Edi tor of The Journal Referring to your editorial of last Sunday, "Why Chil dren Mourn." please pardon me for using your word- But as you say, the eartn is fertile, the seasons-come and the harvests yield abundance for all; yet the winter stretches ahead dis- couragingly for those who are sick, hungry and cold. A family of father, mother and 10 children, ranging in age irora 3 to 26 years, only one of the V. working what a waste of energy Why don't the worthy man make ap plication to the Rockefeller foundation for a pension? He surely is deserving of it for his bravery in -trying to rear so large a family to help perpetuate this kingdom of Rockefeller. Morgan & Co. Why should society be asked to per petuate a system that creates millions of wealth for a few employers, and poverty for millions of workers? Why place burdens of great wealth on men who might otherwise bo of great serv ice to humanity but for their increas ing desiro for more wealth? These things will continue to be so under the present profit system. So ciety must concede, and the best thought does concede, that labor pro duces all capital. This being a funda mental fact, why should not the pro ducer be entitled to all he produces? Why should those who do useful work give a part of wheat they produce to those who do no useful service? There is no real want or poverty among the great army of our government em ployes, not even among the soldiers. who do no re: " useful service, and yet they are clothed and well fed- But why should Uncle Sam take so much interest tn some of his large family. and then so cruelly neglect so many more of his very best and most useful ones, the real workers, the producers of all his great wealth? Now if I had a large family like TJn cle Sam and owned as much land and as rich mineral resources I would build some railroads and some), steam ships, not battleships, and put the good people all to work and give all who would work the full value of his toil, and all who could and would work would have plenty, and our country would be more beautiful to live in and there would be no Rockefellers or Car negies to pocket rich profits in fat times. If I have wealth and do not choose to work, that is my business, but it should be society's business to see tnat I do not use my wealth to exploit the workers. But it is not Rockefeller, Carnegie nor the Morcran group that is to blame. It is the profit system that is produc ing, unrest and unemployment ana making countless children mourn, not nnl7 In this (Treat United States, the land of plenty, but also in Mexico and all over Europe. J. ii- iax. Peace on AH tbe Earth. Cornelius, Or.. Dec 28. To the Ed itor of Tbe Journal George Hicln- botham's peace plan in The Journal of December 25 has revived the lnter- : in ihAt most urgently needed re ? f orm. He has brought out more of the ; details of the plan than I submitted on December 18. and it is now assuming a workable shape. Are there any objec Uons? Has any one a better plan, or any amendments to make to the orig inal? If the - ultimate of this movement can be attained It will be the most glorious advance in civilization that has ever been made a world forever more at peace. Every nation eagerly awaits such achievement. Let us work that America may have tho honor of leading the way. The time is 'rip The opportunity is here. Do it now. Xiet everybody enthuse and talk about it and so get public sentiment crys tallized- into a popular demand thai ; Will iUlVV VUI "tuxit iu uj vvny. uMjwri th crusade In the manner out ; lined by Mr. Hicinbotbam, or by some better plan. It will mean grave re sponsibaiaes. possibly war, but never jeUTl4nal. COQld accomplish the i work, but united they cannot faiL Every reform, every advance in clvili zatlon jhas been blood bought and this 1? "I nave peace on earth, good will toward men. i The Hague tribunal is a failure be- cause me nations , uiu not u luteal y agree to enforce the international laws ; tht thev nromuleated. Lawa without j penalties . are of no account, neither ; would the law accomplish its end 1 the penalties were not enforced against violators. H. C PEARSON. Autocracy vs. Democracy. Woodburn. Or, Dec 28. To the Ed itor of The Journal Among all the i causes given for this great war. have not heard of what I consider the main phtibbl To m v mind ft ii th at-.t J pretne effort of autocracy to stop the growth and spread of democracy in Europe. Democracy has been spread ing over the world very fast of late Fears, because or the great numbers of the nationalities of Europe who A FEW SMILES "I hope you will remember, Caesar," said the Judge -to his ma, "that your t vote is about your dearest possession. "Xassuh," 8 a I a Caesar,- "Ah'm keep- mind. ; In dat ' in jedge; but, same time-suh, we tcot to beah. in inind de fact dat.it don't ! pay to maKe it so dear noooay ma afford . to buy it, suh." judge. Narker entered a barber shop, and. Hair-cut-quick-about-it," sat down in the chair. Now, the barber was chatty fellow, as the custom in his J. trade, and he did: not s-. know Narker. After 1 know Narker. After few preliminary,' touches he re- or j marked: j Hair very thin on top, sir." "Very glad to hear it," grunted Narker. "Hate fat hair myself." One day," said" the lecturer, ''I was in a country store when a sweet little 4-year-nlf prirl came toddling in and bought a nickera worth of candy. A little kitten rubbed against her legr and purred. She laid her candy down on a box to play with the kit ten. When she tired of play she went to get her candy again. But it was gone. Rome one had stolen It. Her little face became sad. Something seemed to choke her. Big tears welled up in her eyes and rolled down her , cheeks. Poor little thing! I felt so I sorry for her that I gave half a stick of it back to her!" have come here and returned there to tell of the benefits of democratic gov ernment This knowledge brought to the people of Europe by their own blood relations has caused autocratic rulers to tremble for the safety of their thrones, and as they did not want to lose their soft berths they thought it was Detter to set all the Deople to fighting- over causes they have nursed for that very purpose. Already ' the circle of royalty has become so nar rowed that they have been obliged to Intermarry until most of them are weak or have delusions of their divine mission to rule the world. They thinki that when the nations come out of! this war the socialists and democrats will be under the sod and their rule will be safe for another century; that the people will be so busy making a living for the cripples and wiaows and orphans and rebuilding the cities. that they will not think of the hidden cause of the war. If it should prove to have been the last gasp of royalty and autocracy with militarism, then the price is not too great. We see under democratic government In America, all nationali ties living in peace and harmony without a great army to control, be cause we have no designing monarchs to keep up racial quarrels. C. S. Christmas Reflections. Woodland. Wash., Dec. 28. To the Editor of The Journal! We have just passed another "peace on earth, good will toward men" period. We have done justice to elaborate spreads of the best of the land. We have been feasted and wined and have made merry, all at the expense of no me less fortunate than ourselves. Who could sit down to the Christmas board on Christmas day without a thought of those who were overwhelmed in work in the great department stores of our cities? What pleasure, let me ask, came to the tired shop girl on Christmas day? The world In its mad rush for its own pleasure must crush, crush, and go on crushing its unhappy thousands, In stead of peace at Christmas time, it is war bloodless war. To get the dol lar, Christmas is commercialized! All our holidays are commercialized. True, some enjoy themselves, and to enable them to do so others must bend be neath the weight of . the machinery that enables them to do so. Christ mas never was intended to be turned into an event that brings about such a condition. Christmas is a day of thanksgiving for the greatest of all gifts to man the Christ. How utterly repulsive to . this humble Nazarene must be this mad scramble for worldly treasures on his natal day! Ifor didn't he whip the money changers out of the temple? O. K. FRANK. Relating to library Holes. Portland, Dec 23. To tbe Editor of The Journal la it against the rules of the library board for a person ac quainted with an employe in one of the suburban libraries, to speak to that person, upon matters not pertain ing to books, when one is not keeping that person from her work, but talk ing to her while working. Recently, while waiting for a book to be marked, a lady, being well acquainted with an employe of the library, walked to her desk and spoke open subjects other than books. Tho head librarian, after marking the book which the lady was waiting for, came hurriedly over to the desk and said to the lady who was talking to the employe: "Pardon me. but you will have to visit with the as sistant outside of working hours." Was it correct for her to do so? H. W. R. ITTfe rule is quite as strict as would appear from the Incident related by the inquirer. The reason for it is held by library authorities to be absolutely sufficient. The only place to draw, the line is at the point of prohibition. It is explained further that employes have no leisure time; that there Is always detail work sufficient to keep theH- time entirely filled, when not waiting on patrons. However, any actually necessary Interview may be obtained with any employe by arrange ment made through the office of the librarian. Not Understood. Hood River, Or.. Dec. 26. To the Ed itor of The Journal One last word at the bier of Ambrose Bierce: "Not understood! Pour souls with stunted vision. Oft measure giants by their narrow gauge. And the poisoned shafts of falsehood and derision. Are oft impelled 'gainst those who mould the age. Not understood." This stanza is from, a poem entitled "Not Understood,' which was a favor ite of the late Senator Mitchell, and was quoted at hla burial service, A READER. Disease and Divorce. Portland, Dec. 27. To the Editor of The Journal Kindly Inform me in the columns of your paper what specified diseases In the state of Oregon are grounds for a divorce, and state when this law went Into effect. WILLIAM PERKINS. The Oregon statutes do not spec ify, but under the "cruel and inhuman treatment" clause ' an action may be maintained by a party injured by ve nereal infection contracted within the marriage relation. PERTINENT COMMENT SMALL CHANGE " if up to the lovesicli; youth to take hla from a spoon. . Art is lone, but Mlnt iaith U nihil ha artlat lonss , should be quickly dropped. Few women are dangerous because they usualy talk before they act. And ifs surprising how many bar gains we nee in the shop windows when we are broke, What men have done in politics the women think they can do and still keep on the outside of jail. ! A woman never has much confl- dence in a grocer unless he belongs to the same church she does, i What has become of the old-fash-! ioned man who insists in calling a a rug store. the apothecary s shop? Speaking of international characters, there are the widow and the orphan whom every nation should help. a - What has become of the old-fash-ioned training school for bovs th.it used to bo located in the woodshed? When a man nonstantlv sava and does foolish thinps it is evident that he has plontv of room at the top which Isn't filled. A thin man is in difficulties for life, but a thin woman can join the buy-a-bale movement and reconstruct her figure to suit. a a A lady reformer says women should not think about fashions, but should wear a dress as long as they like it. But they won't do that. Theyi insist on wearing a dress that Is as short as possible. THE HOBSON From the Philadelphia ledger. The vote" in the national house of representatives by which that body failed,-by 61 votes, to pass a national prohibition' amendment to the federal constitution by the necessary two thirds majority, affords no index of the opinions of the members on the moral issues involved. Political lines were not drawn. Leaders on both sides appeared In the debate as advo cates or opponents of the measure, and a close analysis of the roll will show that sincere advocates of tem perance, men who yield nothing in vehement abhorrence of the evils that follow in the train of the liquor traf fic, were found voting in the negative. It is even possible that defenders of the trade voted in favor Of the amend ment, partly for political effect and partly because of the conviction that the attempt to make the regulation of the liquor traffic a national function was an invasion of the police power of the states 'impossible of enforce ment. At all events, tho foes of prohibi tion have no ground for jubilation on account of the result. The advocates of the amendment failed to marshal the necessary two-thirds vote not be cause the liquor Interests were in con control, but because many of the members were willing to appear to align themselves with that interest rather than commit the government to a policy which introduced into fed erals affairs a measure of centraliza tion of federal authority that would prove more mischievous than the evil against which it was aimed. The founders of the government acted de liberately when they vested the po lice power in the several states. They PRICE OF BONDS AND By John M. Oskison. Most of us don't care anything about the fluctuations of bond prices. We take it for granted that bond prices don't concern us. Few of us own bonds, and most of .us who do have bought them without really understanding more than that some one we trusted advised us to buy. I believe more of us ought to follow the quotations of bonds, for they pro vide an excellent index of tbe state of the investment market generally. For instance, the last quotation I have seen of Atchison general 4 per cent bonds, due in 1995, was 1)04 bid and SI asked that Is, for a bond of a face value of $1000 the buyer would have to pay only $910. This particu lar bond is among the most secure of the gilt-edged issues: it is listed on all the exchange markets, and has a ready sale whenever there is trading. Back tn January, 1913. this same Atchison general 4 per cent bond sold for 98 that is, tbe buyer bad to pay $9 SO for a. bond of the face value of $1000. In less than two years (70 of Jjooking Yourself Over. FrOm Collier's Weekly. Borne keen advice appears tn an edi torial in the New England Homestead. See if you don't agree: "Ifs a good thing at least once a year for every farmer to stand aside and look at his place as if it belonged to some other fellow, and pick out the things this other fellow has left un done. Sticking too close to the' work sometimes narrows a man's vision and makes him overlook important things. By going past a pile of rubbish four or five times a day you finally come to think it belongs there. Just as a man will sometimes plow around an eld stump year after -year as If it were established by divine mandate." If this is true of the farmer and we imagine it Is isn't it equally true of every other calling? Why shouldn't the doctor, the lawye, the minister, the teacher, the business man, the car penter, the grocer, the day laborer, the butcher, the baker, and the candle stick maker, form the habit of check ing themselves op thoroughly and mercilessly from time to time? At least every six months one should try to detach bis vision from his person ality, should put himself under the microscope and profit by what be dls covers. And what time can be better than the beginning of a new year? Historic Naval Vigil. From the Vancouver, B. C World. We read recently a British naval of ficer's private description of life afloat in the North Sea fleet foday. He dwelt most on the deadly monotony- of it. The London busman who eternally travels the same weary round, he said, leads by comparison a life of varied Interest. There is nothing to break the flat gray monotony of a North Sea patrol. But this keen naval officer had read his Mahan, and realized that history is merely repealing itself; Our seamen will not - grumble when tbey remember what their glorious forbears did, though, like them, they yearn for a fight. Nelson spent two years pa trolling the tlulf of Lyons, a boisterous region detested by all mariners, keep ing watch over a. great French squad ron in Toulon. From May, 1803, till August. 1803, only three times, for less thAa an hour each time, did he leave his ship. Cornwallls, who spent only AND NEWS IN BRIEF OREGO.V SIDELIGHTS The Baptist church at Enterprise, which was burned recently, is to be rebuilt at once. Carpenters and many others will donate their services. ; a The city well at Burns has, been drilled to artesian water, which, rises within six feet of the surface and yields a supply the fire engine pump cannot lower. It is the hope that further drilling will produce a flowing well. -a The La Grande Observer hastens to correct the ln.pressi.on that Hot Lake has been frozen over. Ice formed on an overflow pond. The water in the lake Droner. the Observer says, never varies as murlvas a degnte, and 4s the hotUst in the world, besides. a 'i ' "The shortest day is pasft'. and stock are still doing well in the pastures, without hay,'' savs the Fossil Jour nal. "This maiis that most of our sUokmen will have plenty of feed for tneir stock, as st the most triere can not be over two months of winter feed ing after this time." a a . -. Kugene Register: A well dressed man was spitting repeatedly Sunday morning on the. Southern 'Pacific depot Platform, when the accumulated pool was noticed by Chief of Police Chrls tensen. "You "will have to clean that un or come with me. ' said the chief. The well dressed stranger borrowed a mop anu went to work. a a Astorian: We ore just wondering why $1500 spent this year by the city for pounds and poundmasters has not taken at least one or two or the many cows that roam some of our through fares off the streets. W'e are of the belief that If a few dollars of the 11500 was rightly directed, citizens could bt made to see the frilly of maintaining a dairy farm at public expense. RESOLUTION foresaw the impossibility of imposing police regulations upon communities not ready for their enforcement, and they recognized the futility of dealing with moral questions by federal stat ute. Prohibitlon, in the states which have adopted it, has not been attended with that measure of success in actu ally prohibiting - the sale of liquor which justifies the hope that it would achieve any greater success when ap plied by national authority. The ex ecution of a national prohibitory law, would necessitate an army of federal functionaries and an invasion of thaJ authority of the states which wouhl be attended by evils as great as those which the law was designed to cor rect. If this country, as a whole, shall ever be prepared to deal dras tically with the liquor evil and no one can doubt that that time will ulti mately come it will only be when the overwhelming sentiment of the peo ple in every community where such drastic regulation is to be applied supports the law with substantial unanimity. That state has not been reached, even in the communities where the experiment is being tried. The problem at the present stage is one of expediency, and Its solution is not going to be reached by legis lation too- far in advance of popular sentiment. Friends of true temper ance will come to see that the failure of the amendment is not a thing to be regretted, for its adoption would have been disastrous to the progress of a movement which is social and moral, and only to be brought to its full fruition by education and the moral development of the masses. , INCOME FROM THEM market value has been loppnd off a thousand-dollar security, a sum lack ing just $10 of being the interest re turn for two years on the bond. Now, this fall In price of the Atchi son bond means that there has been during the last 2i months such a de mand for investible capital that money owners didn't care to buy Atchison general 4 per cent bonds; they were able to invest in securities! equally safe which yielded a better return than 4.09 per cent. In order to tempt buyi ers now, this bond must be offered at a price to yield approximately 4.40 per cent. There are, of course, many other Is sues of long-term standard bonds which are equally good as Indicators of the value of money put into ab solutely safe and high grade securi ties. Most of us can learn to follow the market quotations of a few issues of bonds and to interpret the meaning of changes; many of us can learn when to buy such safe securities and when to sell. That ought to be sufficient incentive to the study. 12 months In England dnringr his 17 years' sea service, was three years off Brest without a break. Mahan states that this old seadog was once 22 months at sea without dropping an chor. A Vision of Brotherhood. From the Christian Scleoee Monitor. . "Not the least of Canada's blessings IS its neighbors." says a modest but penetrating publication of ti Domin ion. This sentiment, with another an plication, can be truthfully and hearti ly repeated on the other side of the line, and may the time come1 wbn it shall be as truthfully and heartily re peated, with unlimited application, throughout the world! This will come, and it is bound to come, when among the nations of the earth armaments are abolished to make room for mutual re spect, confidence and brotherly love. Lt Va Hope Not. From the Salem Journal. Now comes the report that Canadian soldiers fired on and killed two duck hunter who were In a boat near Fort Erie. It is sincerely hoped - the Ore Ionian will not Insist on war with Canada and England on this account, even though it is a worse offense than any the Mexicans have committed. The Ragtime Muse , It Depends. "First come, first served." So oft one goes i Attention thus to win I That any man might well suppose Much merit dwelt therein. One feels particularly bright In getting service first. As if one to one's vast delight Escapes a later worst. j "First come, first served. Tls time to strip j This Billy saying bare. ' Lone years ago it lost its grr " On me. I here declare. , Today as always I recall How once my mother said! That she would give us children aS A slice of buttered bread, j f . "First come, first served. The sweet ly smiled; j Her .speedily sought; i - ' -With piriTwwe fixed and method wild To win firnt place I fought: She laid thf loaf, she raised tho knife. llCl liaviJl i v 3 VUl JUJ tier tnein was mna out just; I i found I'd got the crust! strife. "IN ASLT DATSt' By Frad Locator. Spaoial . Stajf 'Writer of Xha Journal, William H. Pack wood, tfie last sur viving member of, the constitutional convention of 1857, writltw from hi - nome at isatcer. gjye manjl Interesting smeugnis on the Oregon ax 60 years ago. In a recent letter toi : me he de- '"a mo nip Borons vse- plains in i, as a member of 'tSie military company which acted as Ian escort t .General Wilson, tne coniipissloner of' inaian atratrs for the pacific coast. He says: ; a i We had a commissary 'scrareant whose . name was Jonahs. Captain Thompson, who later htkame well known at Salem. Portlandsand Oreeon City, was our wagon mister, On Armed Brown, also well kfyowit at Ha- lem and Portland, was orderly for Cap tain Thompson. Major Mynolds' two paymaster wagons were Inllependent ox our command, and were' kent ' along . for rirotertfon Hut undi-r i.i. fa control of our officers. $f. V. Deadv. later one of Oregon's 'jHstingutabed lawyers, was a -lg ' hjky looking young fellow. He had j.iao team to drive, so it came about) jihat he and Jones rode tggether, Jonet) had to look " out for the commissary wXRons, while Thompson and Brown lo6ki after all wagons and loose stock, we moved tin up the South Platte andfahen up th North Platte until we Irjjaehed Fort Laramie. Colonel Ivorlirfc had left Captain Barnwell Rhrtt s jjn command of l-aramle, with some, Aroopers, t -hold the place.! "After we had rested Hi day or two and were ready to move, -Captain Mor ris arrested Serjeant Jonei and a man, named Coulter, and turned them over to Captain Rhett. We maved n and Major Reynolds remained St Fort Lar amie until we we-e wl out of the way. The cause of this waft that Jones, -while riding with Deadyi rnl being so chummy, had proposed a iiOt, by which the two paymasters waghs should be left behind our train wheH we reached, the Kooky mountain. ud then be robbed. The Red Headed 5'oung Black smith' Deady had given tfie plot Away, hence the arrest of Jonest and Coulters and the reason for Major Reynolds bidding us goodbye. if: "Jones and Coulter escaped from Lar amie, picked up stock thai', we had left behind, passed u without calling at camp, and beat us lo Calinrnia, What became of them latter tjmt I never -heard. I afterwards sW M. P. Deady at Kmpire City, but ife.ver asked him the true reason aato why they left our company at Laramie.' I will clve vou an lnfctn-nce of nluck. nerve and endurance tha'tl not often , excelled. Captain Duncan of 'E Com pany was with Captain Rhett at Lara-, mie. Two men had deserted from his' company, one man a large, fine looking man. who had been in service in the English army, and rated up to sergeant -major, named Hesslep, find another; whose name I'do not remember. They, had stolen good horses aiid had 12 . to ' 16 hours' start. Captain 'Duncan took Sergeant Lawler, and In about four days' tihie came to Green Stiver,4 on the old emigrant road. At tajts point they found some Mormon erAigrants who had seen Hesslep and contjrade come in and go up the stream to camp. Cap- tain Duncan knew from ithe description that they were his meii. He-got the Mormons to help him surround their , camp. g Hesslep and hla companion, : having placed nearly 400 anlles between them and Laramie in four days' time, believed they were safo' They woks up to find Captain Duncan and Lawler with the drop on them, M they surren dered. If that was not jdetermlhatlon In pursuit I do not knowswhat It was.. Captain Duncan and Lawyer made the .1 i ... .... I ,ai I rr a. thnnt llnuntfin anrt umLA.ix. in v. . . . u ' a....-.-..,', .'- when you consider lhatJ their horses had traveled from Camp gummer, near Leavenworth, and had lived on grass alone, it makes it a remAkable feat ot endurance for horse as -arfll as man. "On his way back to .Laramie with his prisoners Captain Dii!nan met un and stayed all night. iWc gave blru supplk-s to carry him bai st' to Laramit?. . Hesslep and. comrade ! were chained together, and when wc .rnyit them they had walked nearly 200 rniles chained together. ' J j Captain Duncan-afterwards married, served In the Civil war, '..Was. wounded, and became a rancher h Nebraska. This I have from his soft, Lieutenant Duncan, who was with (general How ard In tho Bannock Indlaa war. "We passed Fort Bridget and stopped at Halt Lake City. , "i do not now remember what would be called a two story house In the city. There were no paved strets ir side walks in the city. The foundation had been laid for a building,--which they called the Tabernacle. It was built n from four to eix feet above the ground. From Salt Lake the next bouses we saw were on Webber river, about 40 miles. Some four or five Mormon fam ilies constituted the settlement. They had raised some corn and vegetables, r ni.i.1. . n Kmiht irtTn. TTrom there til .- TI "- " " we saw no nouses tin. wo rc.-" Hangtown, Cal. '- From Webber river we 'followed the main trail to where the road forks to Oregon. Colonel Lorlng had. left Colo nel Porter at ForUHall with two com panies. Captain MorrlS: had two men whom he left behind to .be punished for something. Captain .Morris was 19 days on the trip. . Oof escort b4 now been cut down to 1 men. Lieu tenant Hayncs was lb coinmand. We . were getting short of supplies and Wr making forced marcues. , At neany every camp wc came to (notices were posted by the .-migrants telling of ' men shot or wounded, and stock stolen by the Indians. We met Lieutenant Hawkins with n supply train for .Fort Hall on Goose creek. He iad General Joel Palnxv for guide. ,Late In the gcAuon. as it now was. General Wilson and General Palmer were hired to guide our train to Cailforsla, and were to have $2000 for the job.'" Broader S'lels. From the Cleveland Plain Dealer. "M-. Henpeck is golhg around Ifa hysterica Poor Mr. Jlenpeck Is still detained abroad." - , t - "No, be isn't.'' ' -Then why does he nt&yV ' "Says he'd rather be wtWe the fight ing is more general." r Why It Disappeared. From the Phjladelphlli Ledger. "This history skys there was no wsr In Atlantis for niore than 1000 years. "Does it explain how they got rid ot their statesmen T Jf The Sunday journal The Great Home iNewspiper. consists of I . Five nwe sections replete with illustrated features. . . Illustrated magazine of quality. Woman's pages of care merit. Pictorial news supplement' Superb comic sectioiri.1 5 Cents the' Copy ' I- i;i-.- ::