HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED PAGES
ni.i. rv-; . r . i - am
I Jffcjialh. bet en the Oe- aoeounts of that period have Mt been ! ' -' ' - ".' ' ' VCK
. legB-Trevea railway, thoroughly Informing. JVI f '"'"' - - A " - uVwi'
The signatories of the famons Bel
gian treaty of neutrality signed
In London April 19, 18S. Read
ing from left to right and then
down the signatures are: Pal
merston, British Plenipotentiary;
Sylvain Van de Weyer, Belgian
Plenipotentiary; Senfft, Austrian
Plenipotentiary; H. Sebastlanl,
French Plenipotentiary; Bulow,
Prussian Plenipotentiary;- Pozzo
dl Borgo, Russian Plenipotenti
ary. By Walter LittUHeld.
TWO thing's stand out prominently
in the discussions of the respon
sibility for the Europesjtt war:
The violation of Belgium's neu
trality and the Autro-Hungarlan ulti
matum to Servia. Anything that
throwB light on them Is of especial
Importance at this time.
There have lately come to band
certain documents which make it ,pos
slble to review the contention of ex
pediency advanced by both Germany
and Austria-Hungary. The first em
braces a project for railway expansion
engineered and carried out by Ger
many during the last five years on
the Belgian frontier which can hardly
be accounted for by the Industrial de
velopment of the territory covered.
The second is an order Issued try the
Bulgarian general staff which, seems
to show that Bulgaria and not Servia
or Greece began the second Balkan
war. The third, apparently, accounts
for this order by revealing that a
treaty had recently been entered Into
between Austria-Hungary and Bul
garia by which the latter was ex
pected to annihilate Servia.
There can be no doubt that Germany
realised Just what she was doing when
she marched her troops into Belgium
The question Is, had she any precon
ceived Idea of such a inarch T
In the southwest corner of Prussia
1m a quadrilateral piece of territory,
the western and eastern sides of which
are formed respectively by the Belgian
and Luxemburg frontiers and the
River Rhine. This territory Includes
about 8600 square miles and supports
a population. Including the great cen
ters of Cologne, Coblents, Atx-la-Cha-pelle
and Treves, of nearly. l,0M,tM
souls, in other words, it is an area
about half as large as New Jersey,
if we omit that state's water surface,
and just about as thickly populated.
Immense Increase in Railways
Five years ago this little corner of
.Prussia had about 16.10 miles of rail
way to every 100 square miles of ter
rttory and New Jersey 80.23. In five
I years the Prussian territory has in
creased her railway mileage to 28.30
and New Jersey to only a little less
than 80.25.
Five years ago, in the Prussian ter
ritory, the only double lines existing
were those from Cologne to Treves,
from Coblents to Treves, rnd the two
dojible lines, one on each side of the
Rhine, from Cologne to Coblents, thus
forming the three sides of a triangle.
There was also the double track run
ning from Cologne to Aix-la-Chapelle.
These double lines were fed as com
merce required by only ' tw . sets of
single track lines, all amounting to a
little less than 650 miles of traction
a very fair service . considering the
products of the country covered.
In five years, without any apparent
industrial or commercial ' demand for
It, this traction has been Increased to
nearly twice Us length, or to about
1020 miles. Villages like Dumpelfeld,
Ahrdorf, Hllleshelm, pronsfeld and
th health resort of Gerolstein of
comic opera fame, all of less than
1800 Inhabitants, have been linked up
by double , track lines with towns like
. Remagen, St Vlth and Andernacb,
whose populations only range from
1500 to 9000.
Exactly what has been done? IB the
first place the Stolberg-Ct. Vlth line
has been relaid and doubled, and very
extensive detraining stations non.
structed at various points along it.
especially at -Weiwerta and St. - VI th.
especially at -Weiwerta and St. Vlth.
Then the Remagen-Adenau - liim haa
been doubled as far as Dumpelfeld,
whence a double line has been con
tinued to Hllleshelm, with double
branches outward from Hillesheim to
THE
logue-Tief railway.
Tbesi fuui Ahrdorf, between Dumpel
feld and HlBoshelm, a single line has
, been built to connect with the Co-logne-Treves
line at Blankenheim, and
a moat Important double track laid
across the barren country from Junke
rath to Wetwerts on the Stolberg-St
Vlth lino.
Ready for Heaviest Traffic.
It will bo seen that five lines eon
verge on Pehn; the double line from
Cologne, the now double Une from
Remagen via HUleshelm, and the
single lino from Andernach. Pelm la
two and three quarters miles from
Gerolstein, and yet over this short dis
tance between the two villages there
are laid down six parallel lines of rail,
besides numerous additional sidings.
Moreover, the double line from HUles
helm to Junkerath crosses over the
main Cologne-Treves line by a bridge,
and runs parallel to It for lorn dis
tance before turning off to the left
to reach Weiwerta.
In fact, the knot of lines around
Junkerath, Pelm and Gerolstein is a
marvel of construction for heavy,
rapid transit, for no congestion would
arise In case of a sudden flood of traf
fic going In various directions, and to
secure still more freedom the line
from Gerolstein to Pronsfeld has been
doubled.
Few of these lines, it is to be noted,
cross the frontier. Three of them as
late as last May led to blind terminals
within less than a day's march from
It the double line- from Cologne via
Stolberg to Weiwerta, the double line
from Cologne via Junkerath and Wei
werta to St. Vlth. and the double line
from Remagen via Hllleshelm and Pelm
to Pronsfeld.
The cost of the whole system, with
Its numerous bridges and multiple sid
ings, must have been enormous. The
German average of $108,500 to the
mile would hardly cover It.
Here ia what a traveler saw when
he visited this corner of Prussia last
May:
The Is aa much struck by the
significance of the ordinary traffic
along these lines as he is by the huge
embankments and cuttings on which
nothing has yet had time to grow, and
by the inordinate extent and number
of the sidings to be seen everywhere.
Baby trains, consisting of a locomotive
and Tour short cars, dodder along two
or three times a day, and if a freight
train happens to be encountered. It
will be found to be loaded with railway
plant.
Another point that la noticeable is
that provision exists everywhere at
these new junctions and extensions for
avoiding an up-line crossing a down
line on the level; the up-line is carried
over the down-line by a bridge. Involv
ing long embankments on both sides
and great expense, but enormously
simplifying traffic problems when it
comes to a question of full troop trains
pushing through at the rate of one
every quarter of an hour, and the
empty cars returning eastward at the
same rate.
The detraining stations are of suf
ficient length to accommodate the
longest troop train (10 cars easily,
and they generally have at least four
sidings, apart from the through up-and-down
lines. Moreover, at almost
every station there are two lines of
Biding long enough for troop trains, so
that they can be used to some extent
as detraining stations, and so that a
couple of troop trains can be held up
hi any ume wniie iraxxic continues un
interrupted. - .
It is hard to believe that this sys
tem was constructed for any other
purpose than to prepare for the exi
gency which might some day force,
Germany to Ignore the treaty of 1839
and Invade Belgium. At least It pre
sumably accounts for the vast armies
which' Invested Liege and Namur in
the early days of last August. -
Austro-Rassian Clash in
Balkans.
In order to show w ha tT bearing a cer
tain Bulgarian general staff order
might have had on .the destiny of Ser
via 18 months ago, and bow Austria-'
Hungary was apparently so Interested
In having that order carried out- that
She actually made a treaty with Bul
garia for its consummation. It is neces-
sary to set before the reader a brief
, deecrintion at th. fn r.iK -r-
and are still, contending for mastery
in the Balkans, together with certain
events which led to the war between
the Balkan allies after they had van
quished the Turk, for the published
OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL,
accounts of that period have net been
thoroughly informing.
It is no more than a fair deduction
to make from Balkan history that
both Russia and Austria-Hungary have
long aspired to dominate the peninsula
the former because through the Sla
vonic peoples who dwell there she
hopes to secure the political, or at least
the commercial, control of a southern
port that shall be free from Ice the
year round; the latter because she
wishes to extend her coast line on the
Adriatic, possibly secure a port on the
Aegean sea, but, more than anything
else, to keep the Slavs of the Balkan
states bo weak that, on the one hand,
they shall not Interfere with her own
Slavonlo population, and. on the other,
that their weakness and mutual Jeal
ousies should tend to keep the Turk
as a barrier between Russia and the
Mediterranean.
It la thus obvious that the first Bal
kan war In which Bulgaria, Servia,
Montenegro, and Greece were leagued
against Turkey and reduced the tat
ter's territory In Europe from 89,350
square miles to 10,882 square miles
was really a victory for Russia's pol
icy and a defeat for the policy of Austria-Hungary.
But the treaty of Lon
don. May 30, 1918, which ended the
war, did not say how the spoils were
to be divided. Servia had hoped to
obtain a strip of coast on. the Adriatic
south of Montenegro, of at least a
port there, but It had so happened,
at the ambassadorial conference which
had preceded the treaty of London,
that' Austria-Hungary, backed up by
Germany, France and, England, but
passively opposed by Italy, and ac
tively by Russia, had Insisted that
an independent state be created south
of Montenegro, thus shutting off Ser
via from the sea. Austria-Hungary
had her way, and on December 20,
1912, the conference had agreed to the
principle of autonomy for the land
coveted by Servia. Thus the new state
of Albania came Into being.
- Almost immediately after the sign
ing of the Treaty of London the Balkan
league broke up, and, as commonly re
ported, its members fell to fighting
among themselves over a division -of
the ceded Turkish territory, until this
second Balkan' war was brought to a
close by Roumania's invasion of Bui?
garia and the treaty of Bucharest, Au
gust 10, 1913, when a part of Bulgarian
territory was ceded to Roumania aa
compensation for her neutrality during
the war of the league against Turkey,
and the latters territory surrendered
by the treaty of London, with the ex
ception of Adrianople, which had been
reconquered, was equitably divided Up
among the former allies.
-Now the ambassadorial conferences
at London had strongly recommended
that the Balkan states to whom the
Turkish territory . had been ceded
should demobilize their armies before
they proceeded to fix boundary lines.
Doubtless the chancellories of the pow
ers foresaw a conflict, for Bulgaria
had already announced her major claim
and this claim was disputed by both
Servia and Greece. Moreover, at the
peace Congress the Servian premier, M.
Pashltch. had made to the Austro-Hun-garian
foreign minister. Count Berch
told, (he who signed the drastic ulti
matum to Servia on July 23 last), over
tures for a direct settlement.
Austria Rebuffs Servia.
'It Is a matter of record that M.
Pashltch offered Austria-Hungary eco
nomic and financial concessions of a
far-reaching character, and : begged
Count Berchtold to use his Influence
to secure satisfaction for "the leglti
' mate aspirations of Servia to a com
mercial port."" He . offered v binding
guarantees that this 'port would be
purely commercial,?" and urfeed that
friendship between the two countries
would be sealed by such proof of Aus-
tro-Hungarian good will. These over
tures were summarily rejected.
Falling here, Servia next turned to
Bulgaria. She dispatched to Sofia a
note of about 1500 words, complaining
of her treatment and suggesting four
grounds for adjustment, r The note ia
dated June 20, 1913, and reads in part:
In the hew state of affairs Bulgaria
obtains all its non-contested territory,
' whereas Servia loses from its non--contested
territory that part which Is
west of the Char with the Adriatic
coast. Further whereas the - great
powers allow Bulgaria on the east to
keep , Trace, with Adrianople (later
: kept by Turkey) in addition to its
non-contested territory, on the west
they deprive Servia of the most inv
portant part of her non-contested ter-
. ritory ana present it to Aioania.
The new baa
sis which should bo used
PORTLAND, SUNDAY MORNING. NOVEMBER 3,
Raflway Cartography Reveals Germany Elaborate Preparations to
Violate Belgium's Nieutrality Documents Show Austria's Premediti-
' tion in an Attempt to Annihilate
v V ' il iii m W'i , J
HL Sytvain Van de Weyer, the Belgian
the famous " scrap of paper.'
in considering the liquidation of the
condomlnion should be established by
a joint agreement between all others.
This basis should assure to Servia a
surplus in addition to that part of
the contested territory which belongs
to her according to the treaty, (of the
Balkan league) :
1. A section of territory as com
pensation for all the obligations which
Bulgaria did not fulfill, but should
have fulfilled according to the treaty.
2. A section of territory as com
pensation for all the sacrifices suf
fered by Servia on behalf of Bulgaria,
which she was not bound to do ac
cording to the treaty.
8. A section of territory as compen-
fatlon for the territory obtained by
tulgaria in the west.
4. A section of territory as. compen
sation for the non-contested territory
in the east and the Adriatic coast,
which Servia loses.
The note ends with the words:
As Servia is deprived of an essential
' condition of her economic lndepen-'
dence, (L e., an outlet to th sea), she
considers that she Is within her rights
in asking that, with an equitable di
vision, she shall be assured in the
"south a situation satisfying her ex
istence and her economic development.
This demand is in conformity with the
principles of international law, for
not only would it be unjust if Servia
were to suffer all the Injury caused
by external circumstances, but, further,
she cannot permit her ideographical sit
uation to become still more precari
ous after the war than it was before.
These reasons lead to the belief that
Bulgaria will accept the proposed
agreement, which is to serve as a basis
not only for the settlement of the re-
- lations between the two countries, but
also for the facilitation of the definite
liquidation of the condomlnion of the
allies.
Bulgaria rejected the foregoing pro
posals. A second and then a third
note followed. In the last Servia sug
gested that the matter be referred to
The Hague tribunal for adjustment.
King Peter of Servia also asked the
czar of Russia to arbitrate. In his
letter, dated June 23, 1913, making
this request the king wrote:
The Servian people have during the
past century made the greatest sacri
fices for the liberty of Balkan Chris
tians, and we express the hope that
the mighty protector of the Slavonlo
nations will allow each nation the
possibilities of free development, and
thus forever cement the unity of the
Slavonic nations wun me mignty
northern empire. t ;
In a. final effort to preserve Its
country from the affliction of another
war the Servian government proposed
to the Bulgarian government to re
duce - their respective armies to one
fourth their forces.
The Second Balkan War.
Then suddenly, on June 80, 1913,
without any warning : war broke out
between ' Bulgaria . on one side and
Servia and Greece on 1 the other. - The
Roumanian army mobilized and began
Its ' bloodless, yet dominating, march
on Bulgaria's capital. July . 15 r saw
Bulgaria beaten by Servia on the west
and by Greece on the south, and - the
Roumanian army - advancing.: en her
IN WAR'S
.
fitt C M-
capital from the north. Jury W found
her appealing to the czar to use his
good offices with a view to the Imme
diate conclusion of hostilities and to
the great powers to ascertain from
Servia and Greece on what terms
peace could be arranged. Roumania
took the lead in bringing hostilities to
a close, and finally a treaty of peace
was signed In her capital, aa wo have
seen, on August 10. 1918 just 41
days after the war broke out.
It is of interest here to relate what
took place in Bucharest, tUe capital of
Roumania, and In Sofia, the capital of
Bulgaria, on the evening the treaty
was signed, for it will be well to bear
these events in mind when I shall
presently relate what had taken place
between Sofia and Vienna in the week
preceding June 30.
In Bucharest King Charles gave a
dlnnner and made a speech to the
peace delegates. In Sofia King Ferdi
nand addressed his army, now to be
.demobilized.
King Charles said. In part:
Aa aa old man. I cannot abstain
from testifying: my lively admiration
for the endurance, abnegation, and
bravery shown by your valiant armies
.during the struggle lasting nearly a
year, which ought to Insure the free
development of your countries and es
tablish stable equilibrium among all
of them. The memory of those who
paid with their blood for the work of
deliverance. Jointly undertaken, ought
to be honored religiously aa a pious
duty of gratitude.
King Ferdinand, in speaking to his
disbanding army, expressed himself
differently:
Soldiers, at a moment when you
were going to return to your homes a
fresh scourge descended upon us. Our
allies with whom we have fixed
treaties, betrayed us. and tried to
snatch from us that which had been
redeemed by the blood of tens of
thousands of heroes. Indignant at
this felony, the entire Bulgarian na
tion, from the chief of state to the
last peasant and workman, could not
resign themselves to this spolia
tion. Provoked by former allies, we were
compelled, against our will, once more
to resume a difficult struggle. It
would have been crowned with suc
cess had not a series, of unforeseen
political - circumstances paralyzed our
strength. Pressed on all aides. , we
were obliged to sign the treaty of
Bucharest, our country not being" In
a condition to struggle with its five
neighbors without risking the loss of
everything. Exhausted and tired, but
not conquered, we had to furl our
glorious standards until better days.
, Tell -your - children and
your grandchildren about the gal
lantry of the Bulgarian soldiers and
prepare them to complete one day the
glorious work that you have begun.
Bulgarian Claims Confuted.
Then, lit order that there should be
' no mistake as "to the responsibility
for the war. the 'Sofia government Is
sued a communique to a press agency.
declaring that "the , Bulgarians took -no
hostile measures until their ad
vanced posts were suddenly attacked .
"' 1,11
Ytantyotettttery. wno slcnod
1914.
Servia with the
- -
This la a fnestmSe reproduction of the tint aad ftonfh pegea of mn :
cer Issued by the Bulgarian General Staff of June 29, 1818, after the fettft-a -of
King Ferdinand from Vienna. It proves for the first time by documen
tary evidence that Bulgaria and not Servia er Oreeoe began, the second BalV
kan war. Part of It reads as follows: jj-
Tw the commanders ef the
fa p sections and
. Village
No.
Tomorrow will berln the war
Section of both columns shall tomorrow, at 8 A. 1L, noiselessly innuli
the Zletova Rrver and annihilate the outposts of the enemy. .
Thereupon they shall energetically advance nyom the efejeota ttvlnteeV
The enemy must be taken by surprise. ' j
by the Servians.'' and that "not until
Sunday, July 6. did King Ferdinand's
cabinet give up their efforts to pre
serve peace."
Unfortunately for the long accepted
veracity of these explanations and de
nials, there is in existence the order
issued by the Bulgarian general staff,
which was transmitted to the various
brigade commanders on June 29, 1918,
and which opens with the fateful
words:
Tomorrow will
tlons against the
begin war opera
Servians and the
Greeks."
Only 19 days before Servia had
humbly appealed to Bulgaria to settle
peaceably the territorial question she
had been willing to accept The, Hague
tribunal or the czar of Russia as ar
bitrator. In spite of all this Bulgaria
suddenly made war made It without
declaration or any notice whatsoever.
But did Bulgaria act in this man
ner? After ! had secured a fac simile of
the Bulgarian staff order, I studied
the Roumanian "Green Book." which
was issued at Bucharest last January,
and covers the period from September,
1912, till August, 1913. Herein I found
that Roumania, In her excursion Into
Bulgarian territory, had, undoubtedly,
the moral support of Russia, although
this moral support was accompanied
with a warning from the Russian for
eign minister, M. Baxonoff, for Rou
mania not to go too far, since "the
overthrow of the Coburg dynasty and
the destruction of Bulgaria no power
would permit.'' The warning, as we all
know, was heeded. Roumania advanced
upon Sofia without hardly being
obliged to fir a shot
The Roumanian "Green Book" men
tions as-a fact Bulgaria's Initiative,
but does not explain its origin. But
What Bucharest cannot produce Petro
grad and 'the archives of M. Sasonoff
can. There M. Sasonoff, a year ago
Russian minister at Sofia and now
accredited to Sweden, has deposited a"
statement which throws a flood of
light on the whole matter. A sum
mary of this statement has been pub
lished by the Sofia Dally Bulletin, the
official opposition organ, where It
reads as follows:
Immediately after the conclusion of
peace with Turkey at London the Aus-tro-Hungarian
minister at Sofia, Count
Tarnovski, proposed to the Bulgarian
government an alliance with the dual
monarchy. The then Bulgarian pre
mier. Dr. Daneff, before communicat
ing the proposal to the cabinet, wished
to obtain the opinion of his colleagues
concerning the nuestion: Would it not
be better to settle the differences with
Servia and Greece with arms?
But the cabinet declared for a peace
ful settlement among the allies. Dr. .
Daneff also found the maintenance of
the Balkan league the best policy for
Bulgaria, and therefore the overtures
of Count Tarnovski were politely de
clined. On being informed about this lack of
success the Vienna cabinet sent Count
Tarnovski new instructions, enjoining
bim at any cost to draw Austria-Hungary
and Bulgaria nearer to each
other.
Acting upon these Instructions,
Count Tarnovski asked and was ac
corded an audience by King Ferdinand,
and in a long conversation Count Tar
novski made a specific proposal for an
alliance, advising the dismissal of Dr.
Danef Cm cabinet.
King Ferdinand acquiesced, and on
June 26 a treaty of alliance between
Bulgaria and Austria-Hungary was
signed. -
This treaty stipulates that Bulgaria
should:
1 Denounce all treaties of alliance
with Servia, Greece and Montenegro.
2 In the case of war between Austria-Hungary
and Servia. or ? Austria
Hungary and Russia, Bulgaria should
mobilise an adequate force In order to
paralyzo any action by Servia.
Z Austria-Hungary binds herself by
diplomatic or military action to hinder,
every attempt by Roumania against
Bulgaria in the event of hostilities be
tween Bulgaria and her allies. Fur-.
ther, Austria-Hungary pledges herself
to intervene should the war take a turn
unfavorable to Bulgaria. . - ,
-- Now on June 28, thus assured of the
assistance of Austria-Hungary. King
Ferdinand resolved to give the order
for a general attack by the Bulgarian
army on Greece and Servia.
On being informed about the Austro
Bulgarlan alliance M. Baxonoff (the
Russian foreign secretary) worked
PRELUDE
i. '
- -- i
Heh) of 'Bulgaria
?
S7 -V7
J
Sri '
Bagna. i
21. & V
1
lb
-t, a
5 -
1818 18 .VI. (June 29 P. M. Z, MT.I
operations asralnst Servians and OMsf baf.
quickly to roplaoe Bulgaria by Ron- s
mania. s .
French and Russian diplomacy PfW.
posed Roumanian Intervention, 'guart a- -teeing
her possession of the line Tuti-
.kan-Baltchlk. -
Roumania thereupon ordered the ne
bllizatlon of her army, but the Austin- 5
Hungarian minister at Bucharest, j
Prince Furfltenberg, handed a note fit
warning to the Roumanian cabinet,
saying that the Austro-Hungariaa
army would cross the Roumanian fron
tier if the Roumanian army passed the
Danube. 7
The Roumanian cabinet felt embaiwi
rassed and quickly Interrogated Paris,
tt. Petersburg and Berlin. Franrse !
and Russia, fearing a European ww,
delayed their answer, and Berlin ed
rot approve the Austro-Hungartan ac
tion. .
Kaiser William wired King CharUe
to act as the mandatory of Germany
in the Balkan conflict. At the easts
time the German mDeror lnformsd t le
Austro-Hungariaa monarch that GT-
many would not assist Austna-nu v :
rarr aralnst Russia if Auatria-Huev-
gary did not remain neutral la the u
aiican oonxuci. - 5
The French government, on being
informed of the German attitude, ad
vised Bucharest to adopt armed inter
vention without fear of Austro-Huj-
garian acuun.
Why Did Not Kaiser
Interfere?
It is hard to reconcile th contritltia
expressed by German statesmen ovyr
their government's violation of Bet '
aian territory, even though they are"
rapidly establishing aa administration
there, with the recent Prussian rail- i
war expansion with blind terminals a '
day's march from that frontier. It je
harder, in the light of the evident ie
of an Auatro-Bulgarten treaty, to bV
llevo la the entire justice of Austrly
Hungary's ultimatum to Servia and
the solicitation expressed by the Vlen,
na government for continued Servian
independence. .-.
This evidenoe. however, eon tains one '
mitigating clause; it proves that t be
German kaiser 18 months ago placed
his restraining hand on AastriarHuA-j,l
gary and thereby prevented' that 'era-1
plre from aiding Bulgaria to annihilate
Servia.- with the Inevitable sequel f u
Russian intervention. Why could be
not three months age, for asecond
time, have made hie influence felt la
the same quarter? TH; J"-t1
The cases are so- strikingly similar
that an authoritative answer would
seem to be a just and proper requett
and requirement from a sorely puf
zled world. , , M
: In Style by Accident.
From Judge.
He cam-' home Just before dinnfir'
and hung up his hat. She failed ' ip
meet him at the door, as was her cu
torn, so he wandered out to the kltcb -
en.' At the door be halted somewharV
disconcerted. 'm , h. ?
"What's this. Isabel? Green hair f;
She was bending over the frying pajt
and didn't deign to notice him. . V
-AnA nurnl Tibr6Wl!" i"-
The slice of ham in the pan squirm
and she Stabbed it viciously. - . fc-i
"Why, Isabel." ho went on" wMn-
sically. "1 didn't know you went U
for these extreme fashions." " , .
She tossed back one rainbow loci
and fixed him with a baleful eye. ' A
"Look here, you sh hissed. ? H
-don't want any funny talk out of yot
I'm all worn out dyeing Easter eggsty
Electric Sparke.
Grain elevators are now driven bf i
electric power. .
Gold dredges are now being operatcl. ''
by electric motors. '-"&t
Modern "White Way" street lighting
proves that business follows the bright
lights.
Much of our war news from Surop .
is flashed across the seas by wlreles
telegraphy." - .1 ."
Windsor. Oat, is now using electric) '
energy generated at Niagara Falls, Z14
miles away. - i
Electric heating and cooking device)
are being used extensively In domes til
science schools. - ; ' if -
High power electric motors are use
in the French army to extract the v.
steel bullets from the wounded.