.
THE JOURNAL
an inErgxrKXT KwwtpKR.
S. JACKSON
.Pabliabar.
i uMUba "ry arcntav Icsopi oa4ar and
"r Snixta BJornlrtg at 1 JonrnM BalM
lri, Bmailwav an Yamhill .. Portland. Of.
i.tnrd at tea poatotlkje a( VurtiaDd. Or.. -to
tranamlnalnft tbrvo tha Malta , eeoe
rlaaa natter. '
1KUCPHWXES Hala TITS: Ho. A-Ool. J
oVpartmatita rarbe4 by tfaaaa Bomber. TaU
b aitaralnr artiat 1iart mwt " waat.- ,
iUKKIUN.ADVk-RTiaiNO KKPKttSICNTATI Vg
P-nIm1n A liaotaar C... Bniiirrlrt BMcrt
223 Fifth e.. Ketr York. 12IS People'
, Rlda.. rhtruan. -..- -
fcubacrluiKia tcra hf Ball a tat aujr a
rN la laa Ualtrrf State a MtsteM ,
.;'' ( DAILT.t t- . v.-s.,.j '
..' f ... ...85. W I Ona ,i a9ot. ,.. .0
SUNDAY. '-VV .
Oo tar......f2.S0 ( Otm inant.....f
'BAIL AND SOHDAT. .,-.,.-., .
Oa ray..:...iT-B0 I Oaa awmtb. .
' Be not enxloua about tbmor-l'
tow. . Do today' '- duty, fight jr.-
today' temptation, 'and o,'
not weaken and distract, your--elf
by looking -forward - to i
thing which you; cannot see,
and could not understand ' if
you saw tbem.--Charle Kings
ley. H.,,..';; v.'.
A STARVING NATIO.Y
I
N OREGON, there has been some
complaint about economic con
dition, what about Belgium
More than 7,500,000 people
lived in Belgium. They are now a
; starving nation. ' They nave out a
few days' supply or fooa, i ana ; u
is food gupplied by charity. . U
A million of ' these people are
refugees ' in England,; France-and
Holland. 'But more than six mil
lion people "till remain facing the
' common fate of famine. V -
Some have died in flight; some I
s He burled under their ruined homes.
nabenrhate uerlshed for lack, of I
i milk. Invalids from narasnips, me
i - weak from grief and privation and
life aged from cold and exposuVe.
Th land is scarred and deso-
- " . . At I
Tt rrona were trampled
i h marrhinir armies. Its
! c.iai tnr armv anh-1
ait.nrA. The ereat stores of food,
laid b for emergencies, became
i hatn. cities are in
i - rnlns: The countryside is as a
I primitive desert. The acres of
former plenty are blood bathed and
; seamed with unfilled trenches. The
day in Belgium Is a night of hor
ror, , ' f
; ' In all history, Europe has seen
; no spectacle so awful. Not In
'modern times has the world be
, held so many men reverted to the
primitive type and moved by such
5 cyclonic passions of ferocity. Nt
.'ta a century has civllir-atlon seen
peupiw .uw.ru
n eaa triot iflvoa thntrl nr. I
Buuica ui -" I
cess to every great harvest field
. Of. thei world. :--
J-.The bare necessities In clothing
and food would be a boon in Bel-
fglum.f Warm blankets to shield
5 shivering bodies from the bitter
Scold of a winter nigot, oacon ana
: flour and other iooastuns ana
stout shoes and underclothing and
; woolen garments wouia oe salvage
and succor in a aesoiaiea nation
'where hunger stalks and human
suffering nas reacnea vne su
premest climax.
Starving Belgium Is a call to us
ot Oregon from across the waters
to still our complaints. It is
more. It is an appeal for us Jo tnents under the law, but In no
share With the stricken from our previous cases have sd many prom
abundance. - V inent men been brought in danger
DELNDIXG .IORB TOLLS
IT HAS been proposed to cnarge
tolls on the waterways of the
United States. Tomorrow The
Journal will' print an article by
the secretary of the National Riv-
ers and Harbors Congress, in which
mere is prweuwu "l
concerted movement all oyer the
United States to discredit the im
provement of waterways.
Tn thn recent attack on the Riv-
era and Harbors bm in congress,
uuu orimiur uruuumxu i
fulness and the folly of Congress
in seeking to promote a system of
transportation wnicn, save in very
glceptionar instances, is oDsoieie
and ot no value, to tne people, ne-
cause "there are other cheaper and
more' efficient methods of carry-1
ing the proaucts or. iarm ana
tory to market.
It is a startling contention: The
"other cheaper and j.tnore efficient
methods" are the railroads. The
senator, was a special pleader , and j
the . personal representative in the
benate of the railroad companies.
The demand that tolls be charged
on the waterways is extraordinary
It - is ; a bold enough proposal to
Rhriw thonehtftil neonle to what
lengths the , anti-waterways move-
mant la iroinaf. , It la, th hravoat
contention that hag been put forth
in th interest of the railroad in
a generation. It is the legitimate
sequel or. tne recent, afioauiis upon
national rivers and harbors in the
United States senate. '
., ... . . ... , ' ,
Along with these things Is a de -
rn and for abolishment of the Inter -
Btate Commerce Commission. There
a country-wide .pro-
was recently
test against President Wilson's bill
for government supervision of the
issue - oi raiiroaa. aecunwes. in big business, bought out all the fe
Oregon. there wag the bold demand fineries and combiried them, keep
by the railroads for defeat of leg- mg the smaller concerns idle,
islation for saving the remnant of There was a movement among
publicly ownea waterfront, ana an
acquiescence by the people In that
demand. .-;.vV"';;n
Nobody wants to do injustice to
the railroads. . fNODOgy wantg tnea
penaiizea,or vicumizea. , ,.;
But the . roads should - not.
through ; their newspapers and
through . their special represent- dosing the properties. ' -Uvea
t In Congress, undertake to Louisiana is concerned nrinciDal-
overthrow the .waterway system
just at the time, when that sys -
tem Is approaching ; an- efficiency
through which to maintain an
fectlve competition with - the rail
roads in the transportation busi
ness of the country.
JOHST O'BRIEN
A
FEW days before, the late
election, the name of John X.
O'Brien wag. - stricken from
the. ballot and removed from
the voting . machines at Indian
apolis , 7 He was the Democratic candi
date; for Judge of the Juvenile
court. By admlsst jn '. of the can
didate, he was not John X. O'Brien,
but John F. r O'Brien, a thief nd
hohrt. and associate of crooks.' Im
mediately . after- the admission!
O'Brien fledw and , hag not returned.
i In the Bertillon department at
police headquarters, in St. Louis,
Is the record of John -F; O'Brien,
No. 2951. - Among the entries on
the record Is this: ' '
- January 23, 1903 John V. O'Brien,
1903, St, Louis, 30 : years old, was
arrested about t p. m. on Carr street
and Broadway, In company -with
Charles Gorman. Edward Sweeney,
Henry Hannon, Joseph ' Roaewell and
John Laker. They are well known
thieves, ex-convicts and "robbers.
O'Brien Is a son of old John, alias
Noaey O'Brien,-and a. brother of Nap
and Tommle, alias Mouse O'Brien, a
family of thieves.
There were other -entries of the
kind, all recording, the crookedness
of jonn p O'Brfen. It is enough
here t0 observe that his .father was
crook and his brothers were
crooks. It is of further interest
'tnat . ne had" been three years in
Indianapolis, that his conduct there
was apparently, without blemish,
and that In changing his name, he
had assumed the name of aSt.
(Louis lawyer. '
. The paramount question is. had
mis proouci oi a nome oi iniveu,
this, man 'through whose veins
flowed the blood of thieves, tired
of the career and determined upon
. m . m . At 111
a life of respectability?
Who knows that the incident
was. not a mere episode, but a
tragedy?
Who at least does not see in the
sequel, the tremendous conse-
quences of the accident of good
birth?
PERSONAL GUILT
T
(HERB are twenty of the in
dictments accusing present or
former directors of the New
Haven railroad of criminal
violation of the Sherman anti-trust
law. These men are charged with
using tneir control of the New
Rgvnn retam nf mil and Wntpr
tranpp0rtotlon- ln New England to
rlrivA rthr common carriers out
...
ff rtnnlnoRH. V
rrha indwrnnt kr r.inrirA w.
RaVfir' rated in recent veara next
lto the late Mr. Moritan as the lead-
ln fina.ncia.1 power in Wall Street;
of Lewis Cass Ledyard, one of the
country's , best known lawyers; of
Charles M. Pratt, a director of the
itftriiard on Com nan v. and of
other men ;0f aim0st equal import-
ance In the financial world, is un-
hionhtedlv for the numose of de
termining whether. underhe Shwi
maQ law. guilt can be made per-
sonai -where the alleged guilty have
practically unlimited financial re-
sources -at their command.
There have been other Indict-
of imprisonment;' . The present pro-
ceedines are therefore of great pub-
lift lmnnrtM. for thfiv ata in the
nature of a test of strength be-
tween money and the.law
Tne harm has heeA done ,n the
avo- cotter Vnr niv TOaa
tt Vfl,,Tfth,A rniiro,,,. rronrtv timb
tIcally wreCke.d by the high finan-
clers, but many innocent holders
of securIties met irreparable losses.
The money cannot be returned, but
there can be governmental assur
ance that similar losses will not be
permitted in the future.
iines ana aissomtions or
trusts have not been effective. The
punlshment ot personal guilt should
a restraint, upon lawbreakers
j the government secures convic-
tIonB i tne New Haven criminal
caSes the victims of high finance
will not be reimbursed, but there
iac-iWin De fewer victims in the future
THE SUGAR TRUST
rOUSE WIVES throughout the
nation have been paying war
prices for sugar. The Ameri
can consumer was told that
the European war t had caused a
scarcity In this; commodity and that
msner pnCes were 3usunaDie. tsm
t trust, has closed ita refineries
ltt the caneT Krowing district, and
I WTernur nan xuuiamua nas
brought proceedings in the courts,
Governor Hall says: ,
thJ ggf
noticed the statement from the man
agement of the. American guirar
Refining company ; uthai the plant
1 wveiiwu win,, iciiiiBu sugar,
land that it will not be a buyer, of
i raw sugar on this market until or-
drca.by, b0.ard c irctors. after
bhe tocfi, ot ro1fInei s.uar ;wiu have
The charge Is that the tr.,t
following , the usual methods of '
LoUiBlana planters to establish r
fineries ot their own, but these
utilities could not h Ttrnvidod in
time to' take care of the nreaent
cron. This mnv wa mt hT
trust purchase of existing: refiner-
ies. thus securing absolnte control
of the Louisiana outnut and finally
hy because her nlantera can find
lno market-for their raw sugar,
I The consurv.-. la also -vitally Jnter -
ef-Jested because the trust has arbi-
trarily- advanced the price of sugar
in spite of. the fact that it baa
closed " Louisiana plants on the
plea that the trust has more-sugar
than it cant sell. ; , ' - '
On Governor . Hall's gtatement of
the : case, it appears "to be one of
the biggest conspiracies In re-,
stralnt of trade, ever attempted in
the United States.: f Secretary of
Commerce ' Redfield ' has said the
sugar trust's recent activities mi5ht
be the subject of a rigid investi
gation, jt ,
A BUNCO GAME
T
HE arrest of a peddler .lor
selling goods without a li-
" cense was an incident of the
week.' -
She sold for ,: $20 a waist ap
praised by experts as worth $7.50
to $12, The insistence is that
the same thing could have !een
secured In any Portland estab
lishment carrying the line at half
the money. She was very propsrly
fined $50 for violating the license
ordinance, t , ; 4 ' "
There is a plan -afoot to resist
the invasions tf Uie itinerants. ; The
hotels will 'cooperate. So will the
city license department under Com
missioner BIgelow. The law - will
be strictly applied and pther
means be employed to stop the
business, '- .. -
'. Local establishments offer bet
ter goods at less money than the
peddlers give. - They have Eu
ropean ! connections and domestic
business arrangements that enable
them to do business at lowest
standard prices. They , have . a
headquarters easily accessible
where a victim can get reparation
if the purchase turns out to be un
satisfactory. They employ Port
land people who spend their money
with. Portland people. TThey help
bear - the burdens of government,
and help build up Portland.
The average peddler has nothing
to offer but a bunco game.
MUNICIPAL MARKETS
D
ISCUSSING municipal markets,
the Baltimore American says
Portland's market has "failed
almost completely." This
city Is used, witb others! In an at
tempt tp prove that little or noth
ing can 'be expected by the con
sumer from such an attempt to
eliminate the middleman. The
American says: !
Nearly, all the market schemes that
hare been tried out have been based
upon the theory that if the- city would
only -provide a market place where
farmers could bring their produce in
wagons and ell directly to consumers
the middleman would te eliminated
and the city consumer, would obtain
his food supply at half the usual
price charged by the grocery stores.
The theory is wrong. When the
farmer brings his stuff to market
he becomes both the transportation
company and the retail merchant, and
he wants both profits added to the
price of -his goods to pay him for
his extra trouble. '
That the Portland market is a
failure will be news In this town.
It ' scarcely seems a failure when
the city authorities are building
permanent quarters for ita accom
modation.""
- There is no ' claim In Portland
that the public market ; has caused
a sweeping ' reduction of prices all
along the line. It has not dene
so though there have been numer
ous reductions.
It has, however, prevented ad
vances, and" in ' the freshness and
character of the . products, it is
generally accounted a Buccess by
the hundreds , who are its dally
patrons.
VOTING NO
T
HE bill for a non-partisan Ju
diciary Is apparently beaten,
That does not mean that the
voters want partisan . courts.
It does not mean that they want
the bench in politics
What.it does mean is that too
mahv people are. voting- no when
in doubt. That advice has been
too much proclaimed as good ad
vice
It ! is not good advice to vote
no when in doubt. That, course
contemplates - the . defeat of ; the
measures by ignorance. It is an
effort to array all : the ignorance,
all the doubts against not only the
fbad measures but against the good
measures. , :
It is a better .way, when in
doubt, not to vote at all. That
leaves the settlement of an issue
to those who have studied th
measure and are accordingly in po
sition to vote Intelligently for or
against It
The advioe to vote no is given
by those Who ' want everything
killed that reflects the exercise of
power by the people, and by those
who suggest votes of no as a pro
test against they multiplication of
measures on tne Danot
The first of these classes would
kill every ballot measure and kill
the initiative if they coqld. They
are afraid to trust the people
j They think government by the few
Vs 8aIer'- -. " -
RAILROAD REGULATION
P'
RESIDENT RIPLEY of the
Santa - Fe, in an address at
, Kansas City," opened up the
question of railroad . regula
Uon. - He made some novel pro
posals, saying they represented only
his personal views, ' but discussion
of them by railroad interests indi
cates, that the country's' carriers
are anxious to get .from under the
Interstate . Commerce Commission,
Mr.; Ripley suggested doing away
with the i present commission, di
much the same as national banks
lareV eronned imor h Krinnoi
ma
system, giving the government rep
resentation, on railroad, boards - of
directors and power of veto on any
act considered ; harmful to the pub
lic. " An essential feature of the
plan is that the government should
guarantee net earnings.
. The -Railway .Age Gazette says
Mlf. Ripley's suggestions illustrate
"the feelings of disgust 'And des
peration . which the . present- system
of regulation creates in the minds
of railway men." It is urged that
the main criticism of the . present
system is that it seeks to stimulate
rather than to prevent 'wasteful
competition and that It gives public
officials great authority to regulate
railways without imposing on them
or" the public 'any responsibility for
the results.
Mr. Ripjey's suggestions and the
attention' they have received from
railroad men indicate that an
earnest attempt : will ' be made to
change the entire system of regu
lation. ?; Mr. Ripley has great' repu
tation as a successful railway man
ager,: and la' spite of his declara
tion that he 'spoke only, for him
self, the probabilities are that he
represented a latge group i of men
in charge - of ihe country's trans
portation fajeili6es. ' -
Railroad regulation is a neces
sity, -and the fact was recognized
by Mr. Ripley his Kansas City
address. But if there is to be a
change in the method, it will be
well for the people, who in the old
days were regulated by the rail
roads,"' to watch every move that is
made. . r v 3
Letters From the People
(Communications sent : to The Journal for
publication In this department should be writ
ten on only one side of the paper, should not
exceed S0O words in lengtto and moat be ac
companied by the name and address of tbe
sender. If the writer does not desire to
have tne name published, be should ao state.)
"Discussion Is tbe greatest of all reform
ers, it rationalises ererrtning it toncner. it
robs- nrlndDles of. all tahte. sanctltr and
throws, tbem back on their reasonableness. If
they bare no reasonableness, it ruthlessly
crusnee them out of existence end set up its
own conclusions in : their stead." Woodrow
Wilson. - . -
- Buys at Home, Also.
Portland, Or., Nov. .7. To the Edl
tor of The Journal I noticed in Thurs
day's Journal a letter from a correa
pondent signed ,4A Subscriber," ta
which he rebukes "a large firm" for
stating . that "our Mr. la now
In Michigan' purchasing the finest line
of, etc." . Now his description of the
firm is- so plain that anyone in the
city, must know which it is and, in
justice to them. I feel bound to cor
rect bia statement, -as I happen to be
in a position to know the facts as to
the purchasing of "made in Oregon"
goods, and thus set right an erroneous
and false . impression which "A Sub
scriber" would give the public. I
know for a fact that' the said firm
does purchase and has always pur
chased all those classes of goods it
can possibly use in its business, that
are' made .In Oregon, ; and only goes
east for goods that anyone in Port
land . knows cannot be obtained here.
It is Well known that ho large, busi
ness establishment, such as the -one
to which attention has been called,
can possibly get along without ithe
fine, high grades of .goods that yet
can be obtained only in the east,' and
it is because of such demand for those
goods f this firm, with others, has to
carry a, very large stock. "A Subscrib
er" should inquire Into matters first
before making" a public ' statement; if
he did so he would find that the said
firm purchases every thrng It can pos
sibly get for use in its business. In
Portland, even to Its Immense amount
of stationery, from Its letterheads and
orderblanka down to Its small tags and
pay envelopes. Also all its printing
is done in Portland. Its' . automobiles
and trucks were purchased here, the
money .going to local concerns; and
only sheer necessity - constrains it to
send east. I doubt if "A Subscriber"
can find a firm as large as the one
hinted at, that1 uses more "Made in
Oregon" goods ln its line than this
one does.
I cannot agree with the last sug
gestion of. "A Subscriber," that ' this
firm's "-"advertising man study di
plomacy," by which possibly he means
go east and purchase goods but keep
It dark, thereby misleading the pub
lic. Rather, I commend this firm for
its bold statement that it must and
does purchase -goods in the east.
5 ; A LOVER OF. FAIR PLAT.
A Dry Makes a Prediction.
Scappoose, Or.; Nov. 6. To the Edl
tor of The Journal Now that we iare
going- to be all drys in Oregon, to say
nothing of Washington, - Arizona and
Colorado; it is a time for congratula
tions and a. burvintr of the hatchet.
First, thanks to the editors fo their
kindly consideration and 'entire! fair
ness to both' sides, as-well as to the
liberal allowance of spatce. Those let
ters cost The Journal t something in
cash-paid out for material and help,
but It no doubt brought them in some
returns.
It was a spiritual contest, even
fierce at times and, so far as I am
concerned, very enjoyable. Jt was
astonishing how well the people were
posted upon the liquor question.
The traffic nad to go; ana, as it was
with, the curse of slavery, in the years
to come, when , the whole nation m
dry, everybody will bo glad it is gOne
forever. It will have jno advocates.
For my own part Tara glad this
campaign ia over.; It was long and
strenuous, and,' of ' course, J am very
much pleased with the very decided
majority for Oregon dry, but can fully
sympathize with the oereated roe, es
pecially those whom, I really believe,
thought probition - would bring dire
Calamities; , C U. HATFIELD, M. D.
- WTien Presidents . Go South.
From- the Chicago Post.
President Wilson- has received an
invitation from the entire population
of Pass : Christian, . Miss. to . come
again and stay as long as you want
to. , -. -
It was said before the president
went to Pass Christian last year that
the southerners - would give him an
unusually-: warm "welcome because he
was a southerner, Nonsense! - The
south always gives a warm' welcome
to its guests, from whatever point of
the compass they : come. Three Re
publican presidents -. of the '' United,
states in recent years, and very ltKeiy
some others before them, had what
Colonel Roosevelt" calls a.. - corking
good time when they went to 'visit in
a section of the - country . where not
:one of them "'had received enough
votes to be worth the counting. .
Georgia did a lot for WlUiam , H-
Taft. It adopted him as a citizen ot
the state, breakfasted him, lunched
him, dined him, -banqueted him and
golfed -him- without stint.. William
McKinley . had a reception ' in New
Orleans once on a time so markedly
warm and hospitable that he said it
marked 1 one Of . the most memorable
A FEW SMILES
Mrs. Hitch -was havifig some troubla
with a litUe fellow In her . spellinx
class,- -. . . - - . .
L "B-e-d spells bed."
she '. explained " over
and -. over , t again.
b-e-d," bed- Do you
understand ?" '
"Yes'm.,
"Well. c.-a-t spells
cat, d-o-gr epells dog.
and . b-e-d b pells
what did I tell you
D--d spells?" i .
v"Dunno.M i - ' I.
"Don't know! You don't know "what
b--d spells after all I've told your'
"NoW - , ;
."Well, once snore, b-e-d spells what
you sleep in. Now "what do you sleep
inr , ; . t
"My pajamas!" triumphantly ex
claimed, the youngster. , ,
Plaintiffs Counsel My lord, unfor
tunately in this case
kscj i am opposed oy ib
moat'
scoundrel hr Defend
ant's Counsel My
learned friend is such
notorious perrer-
Judge will coun
sel kindly confine
their remarks to auch matters as are
in dispute?
She hadn't i told her mo'ther yet of
tneir nrst quarrel,
but she took refuge
In a flood of tears.
"Before , we were,
married -you said
you'd lay Mown your
rife for vme," she
sobbed.
"I know It,", he re
turned solemnly.
"but thia confounded flat is so tiny
that there's no .place to lay anything
down." . 1' 1 ;.. '
days of his1 life. President Roosevelt
went to New Orleans when the yellow
fever had" Its grip on the city. The
enthusiasm marking his reception is
history, and yet the visit came within
& short tune of the day 'when he had
broken bread With Booker Washing
ton, and it. was said that the south
woufd resent the act until the- last
day. ; '..;-"
President Wilson will have just as
fine a time at Pass Christian this
year as he did last. He will have a
good time, both because he Is Wood
row Wilson and because he is presi
dent of the United States, but he
won't have one whit a better time in
the south than three northern presi
dents had there. The south is hos
pitable at heart.
: : , :
Staggering Burden Awaits Europe.
From the Pittsburg ' Press.
One of the items that the statisti
cians invariably overlook i in their
estimates of the cost of the European
war is tbe pension itesa. i And it is
the largest of the lot, unless Europe
is not to pay pensions but Intends to
let the maimed and disabled victims
and survivors . -of the struggle get
along Us best as they can. Our civil
war in the United States has cost up
to" date more than three I t imes as
much for pensions, as for ;the actual
fighting, as the annual report of the
United.. States commissioner of pen
sions shows, -If Europe takes the
same care of her soldiers disabled in
service as we have taken of ours ner
pension 4 rolls .: will - be staggering for
two or three "generations to come.
This country still has on the rolls
170 widows of veterans of the war of
181Z, fought lor years ago. General
Shafter placed .4,o0d, troops on the
firing line in iS98;Vt6day there is an
army ofz.28.ftlO pensioners caused by
tnat wier struggle, ;put "the eivji war
was, 'of .course, the . one which gave
our pensio- lisSJ their magnitude. In
1892 the number of persons receiving
war pensions from the United States
government f was' Since that
year there has been a steady decrease,
but thehnmbe-is -etill 785,239, and
me pension r appropriation X for last
year was $172,417.56.83. fThe pen
sion bureau has distributed: since 1866
(the year after the close of the civil
war) no less than 84,4.61.094,380.45, or
nearly tour times as much as the war
Itself actually cost the federal gov
ernment. The European war is cost
ing $50,000,000 a day to figlit If it
is followed by , pension . . allowances
even orte-half as liberal ; as those of
the .United .States government, the
pension eost 25 years frooi now yes,
even 10 ' years from now will be
enough to crush every European tax
payer and Impoverish every European
government.
Nelson's Famous Order." - .
From the Indianapolis News.
The exact" wording of Nelson's fa
mous order signaled to the fleet at
Trafalgar has again been ; questioned
by English papers.- The text usually
given in England expects every man
to do his duty!" There are three ac
counts of the matter one by" James, in
his "Naval History;" one by a Captain
Blackwood, who accompanied the ship
Euryaiis at the battle of ; Trafalgar.
one by Captain Pasco, who was Nel
son's flag lieutenant on the ship Vic
tory. Pasco's account is that . Nelson
came to htm on deck and. after order
ing certain signals to be made, said.
Mr. Pasco, I wish to say to the fleet.
England confides that every man will
do, his duty, " and added, !You must
be' quick, for I have one more to
make which Is for close action." Pas
co says he replied: "If your lordship
will .permit me to substitute 'expects
for "confides the signal will soon be
completed, because the word expects
Is in-the vocabulary, whereas the word
confides -must be spelled." To this
Nelson replied in haste and with seem
ing satisfaction: "That will do, Pas
co; make it directly." Captain Black-J
wood's account says that .the correc
tion suggested by the . signal officer
was from "Nelson expects" to Eng
land expects," but .the .Pasco account
is the one. usually accepted- ''
: The - Monro Doctrine.
From the Memphis News Scimitar.
"The Monroe Doctrine rests upon
rti i ft u
ILL v I i II I ter
force. This being so, we will construe . Take your mind off the machinery of
It to suit ourselves, so , long as we are i slaughter. Cease to delight In th en
able to enforce It." Memphis Morning t stnH of destruction. ' Trust in reason.
Paper.
The News Scimitar Friday was too
busy printing news and advertise
ments to afford the time and labor to
wtament jon the atovejuitruth or,un -
truths
rest upon force. The attitude of Pre
- , . . " "
xi iT 11
.-Afeslaenft
ideht Wilson - and - of
Roosevelt ,has been clearly ,tO the con-
trary. Our morning contemporary in
behind .in these ; matters salso.- That
Monroe Doctrine rests really upon ' the
moralities and upon the ultimate prog
ress and good of ; all - of civilization.
Progres is the approacb to liberty and
constantly,-? stiu greater liberty, and i causes enumerated ny tne presiaem in
the greater or better part of the west-fhia Thanksgiving proclamation, . It is
cm hemisphere having- been won at enough, indeed, that we should be en
great sacrifice by the lover of liberty, i joying the bleased comforts of peace,
they decided that the whole of this by contrast with the red fields of
western hemisphere should be devoted v Europe, and that the general business
as far and ft fast as possible to free situation of this country Is improving,
peoples,' and peoples not ; under ! the f But -beyond that, the people of the
government of the United States, and t Pacific coast - have been strangely
hence not a part of ourselves or self, j blessed and have felt th pinch of hard
that' the more rapidly the face of the I times with less of leaden touch than
. . T, . -..n ....... ... .- -. , ' -"..:..
PERTINENT COMMENT
SMALL CHANGE -
. Adam was the first man -to throw a
race. . i
j - Sometimes half . the truth ia worse
t than none.
i Most men Who say they do the best
I they can don't. '
People go to extremes ln trying to
make, both ends meet.
j Some men are like umbrellas
have so many ups and downs.
they
The wise man learns from observa
tion rather than from experience.
.- - - ,- -. . '
Every man has a past, although few
care to use it la their business.
; . . -A
trickster is merely a man who
gets the best of a trade with you.-
' i .
It keeps some people busy trying to
look innocent.
unmitigated' "? cnimren can ne reuea
iWSf5uS5?i?. to tel1 th trutht the Wrong
time.
Perhaps some brides blush because
of the kind of husbands they have
run. to cover.
. . v- -.--a ,
The inventor of rubber tips for pen
cils made a fortune because nf nh
i people's mistakes.
And many a man could earn $2 with
half the energy he wastes In trying
to borrow one. ,
When a "roan comes home sick, his
wife expects him to hold the baby
while she mixes him a dose of -some
nasty stnff,
a
If you don't take all the advice some
men try to hand you, they tell others
Lthat you lack the brains necessary
io tiutoie you to man a gooa.
TRADE AND WORLD FEDERATION
From the New York Times.
It is significant, it is encouraging,
that a man of Mr. Roosevelt's place
in the public life of the nation should
have seriously turned his attention to
the formation of a general Interna
tional federation to promote peace and
justice. In the Times of Hnny Oc
tober 18, three eminent me. Mr.
Roosevelt, Dr. Butler, the president of
Columbia university, and Professor Al
bert Bushnell Hart of Harvard dis
cussed this subject constructively and
hopefully.- They approached the sub
ject from 'somewhat different points
of view, but all were convinced that
the principle of international adjudi
cation, the logical development of the
principle of Intranational adjudication
now recognized in all civilized lands,
would be demanded by the vital in
terests of the war wasted nations of
the world. On last Sunday Baron de
Constant and Professor Giddlnga .of
Columbia joined in advocating this
principle, predicting its adoption. Each
of them, however, laid stress on the
opinion that freedom of trade within
the International federation - would
tend powerfully to tbe prevention of
war. In this view we heartily concur.
If we examine the causes of modern
wars, we find that they lie chiefly ln
the desire, or the -need, or both, for
territorial expansion; that territorial
expansion has been mainly -aought as
a means of extending trade; and that
the trade pursued has generally been
exclusive or specially favored trade.
This was -clearly the case in the ef
forts of Russia to secure access to
unfrozen waters; in the efforts of
France to found an empire In Africa,
Madagascar, and China; in the ef
forts of Japan to control Korea; ln
Ttal-v' catiirnrliu ln Trinoli. and ln flie
steady struggle of Germany to attain'
CREDIT UNION AS AN
By John M. Oskison. .
From Europe, by way of Canada,
Massachusetts imported the small
credit union idea In 1909 that state
passed a law permitting the organiza
tion of such unions, and four years
later the bank commissioner of Mas
sachusetts said:
"Thirty-four credit unions have made
their annual reports... showing assets
of 8185,151.57. an Increase of 891.071.1
over last year, and a membership of
4529. . Their total receipts during tne
year have been $394,994.92, and the to
tal loans 8146,740.58."
In Its sessloav of 1913-14 the New
York legislature authorized the forma
tion of similar credit unions. The em
ploye f one New York real estate
company , are already organized with
200 members' and assets of $15,000. A
telegraph company, two life insurance
companies, a department store, a big
manufacturing concern, a paper com
pany, and a commercial college are
among other New York employers to
undertake the formation of credit
unions.
Primarily, of course, these inter
organization unions are designed to
supply credit to their own members
and to free them in a reasonable and
dignified way from" the toils of the
loan sharks. They are admirably fit
earth could properly administered
by self-governing peoples, the more
rapidly would progress proceed. From
all this . it follows that the United
States ofAroeriea, if it is not made
factitiously to belle its destiny and the
sentiment of its people, will not con
strue the Monroe Doctrine or any oth
er doctrine merely to suit themselves
and their ability to enforce selfish
aims. .In fact, there Is no strength
and permanence and reliability 'except
that which is based on the moralities,
and the present war in Europe win be
decided ln favor of that side that pos
sesses most of the moralities and the
efficiency and patriotism that the mor
alities, and only the moralities, bring
about. .
Beware!
From the Christian Herald.
' Europe is uttering a solemn warning
to America. The Old. World speak
ing, to he new. Ancient -monarchic
are offering counsel to our young re
public. ,
"Beware of guns! Banish the lmpie-
mentn of hat from before your eyes.
Have faith In brotherhood. Believe ia
love. Build your civilization on the
principle of good will. Bind all the na-
rtiofa ot the western hemisphere into a
lfederation nich, by its fidelity to the
I law of kindness a aevonon io me
Frtnce of Peace; shall become at once
, ,i on harm nf thj wrorld!"
.llOpitHMVU . " ". -
'- p.
A favored People.
From the Seame roai-iniemgencer.
Thia portion of Uncle Sara'a domain
should find ample- cause for thanks-
! giving beyond the general and national
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
: ; OREGON V SIDELIGHTS - - s
H. "A." vVilliams, who founded the
anks Herald four years ago. and con
ducted It up . to a year ago, has ; de
cided to seek a new location, and until
he finda.it will reside in Portland. . .
Farmers south of St. Paul are soon
to enjoy the luxury of electric light
ing. They put up 10d per aubscrioer
to the constructing company, the sub
scription tt be remitted In lighting
bills.
Boosting? and of the kind that
boosts, is to be found in the columns
of the Woodburn Independent. A speci
men: ; "The man who Intimates that
farms in Oregon will become lower In
price is trusting to too strong an
imagination. Land in this state has
reached the bottom price and will go
no lower." i- -
tl a
: Astorlans .at a special election ' to be
held December S will vote, among
others, on a measiire to consolidate, the
offices of city engineer and street sup
erintendent, the incumbent thereafter
to be known as city engineer and to
be no longer elected, but to be appoint
ed by the mayor. I - - j-
Beaver ton Timek. When Beaverton
puts down good tndewalks. gets a lit
tle paving done, and a park, outside
people will begin to take some notice
of the town with a View to becoming
inhabitants, and the advance - in the
price of property will more than pay
for the improvements. It will be an
ideal town to Uvj in then.
Following a reproduction of a "last
spike," editorial of the San Francisco
Chronicle relating to vEureka's - new
line, the Marshfield Record comments
"But the last spike has not ..been
driven, nor will it be until-the road
from Eureka to Marshfield is built.
When that is - doAe- the Golden West
will have one of its best railroad linna
in operation and it will be done, some
day. and that day is not very far dis-
'an outlet" for her teeming population
that Would strengthen her political
and commercial power. If England, the
greatest of the expanding powers of
Europe,: has seemed, ln the last half
century; to pursue a different policy,
it is because her Immense acquisition
were already made ' under the guid
ance of.' the more selfish and less en
lightened system still generally
adopted, .
Here, as we see it. is a vitally lm
portant element in any proceaa of fed
eration that in ay be evolved after the
close of the present war. To the cx
tent that . the federation can- be made
to carry with it freedom of exchange
its chances of Keeping the peace will
be increased, for one of. the most ac
tive, deep seated, and persistent mo
tives for war will be, in that ratio.
eliminated. The strength of some of
the most powerful and prosperous of
modern nations originates in the scope
of t ree, exchange within their wide
borders. The essential foundation of
the unity of our own. country was the
provision for untrammeled .trade be
tween the states embodied in our con
stitution a century and a Quarter axo.
The beginning of unity, in Germany
was the Zollverein, which formed the
framework that Bismarck built udoii
Though, as we have pointed out, the
vaat empire of Great Britain was ac
quired under tho old Colonial system,
its immense strength has been main
tained and developed by adherence to
the freedom of all British market.
Bartar, trade, industry, commerce.
finance, in their . present Incalculable
scope are but the successive develop
ments or tne primal instinct, the
primal need for exchange. Federation.
international adjudication, peace and
progress will advance only as freedom
of exchange is fostered and extended.
INCENTIVE Td SAVE
ted for the task. They work on the
principle that tbe best way to get a
needed loan on reasonable terms Is to
ask the fellows you work with for it.
But the future, of the credit unions
organised among bodies of workers
who are in daily association will be
broader than that of mere loan or
ganlzations. They will become power
ful incentives to the thrifty to save.
Note the statement of receipts and
loans made by the 34 credit unions of
Massachusetts in 1913: Receipts, $394,
994.92. and loans, $146,740.53. Only.
about 15 cents loaned for every 40
cents taken in! , -
In New York ' two organizations
have worked with Intelligence to ner
feet and put Into law the credit union
idea -r- the Russell Sage Foundation,
through Us division of remedial
loans, and the Jewish Agricultural
and - Industrial Aid society, through
its general manager. Both are gen
uinely Interested, have ' much valu
able data, and are willing to. pass
along what they know.
The credit union ' idea is so good.
both as a means of saving us from
the loan shark . and encouraging ua to
save.-that I. wish everybody . could
know all about it. If you are inter
ested, write to either of- the areanita.
tions in New Yofk city I have named.
the people of the east, and the sun of
prosperity has never more than barely
tinned the horizon on Jts downward
coarse. "
Ve are living in a great-new coun
try, filled with the gifts of nature.
where the battle of life is not so des
perate and so trying a struggle aa
among the older populous centers. Our
future is filled with potent possibilities
of wealth and happiness, within reach
of the hand of honest labor. . A com
mercial and Industrial and agricultural
empire Is here ln the making, and it ia
in .this last west that the man who
brings to the pursuits of life willing
arms and hands and clear-eyed Jn tel
ligence sees best promise of hop
fulfillment. - . ' : ' - . i
This coast and its, favored v people
should find special .and ample cause
for response to tbe president s proc
lamation and. join in its . purpose
wholeheartedly, even if it 1 Khali -re
quire a. self is'i comparison with th
condition of other people to' sense- It
breadth and .bulk.
- Above and beyond th small acttvl
ties of thTs world, and of human life,
there is an Omnipotence that has been
ineffably kind to us. m
College Attendance Grows.
From th Columbus (O.) State Journal.
W used to refer to one sign of good
times, and that is the universal ln
creases of college attendance. All the
big colleges are deluged . with student,
and the smaller colleges report a large
increase. The. latter fact Is especially
gratifying. Is well to fill; up the
small college, which are particularly
Inclined to true educational ideals. It
would not, be so good a sign if the big
college were overcrowded while the
mailer ones were simply attended. So.
if you are goina- to college and the big
college are crowded, don't turn, your
back on the little college. If you really
want an education. The basines side
of the fact is also interesting. ? If the
state of the country were not healthier
than some people want to think, there
wouldn't be so much money spent for
education. The boys would : be kept
in the shop and on the farms. So the
wholesome fact-ia,, we are going to
have plenty of corn and education, J'-
IN EARLIER DA
oy x nxi mwu(7, ?
. a w . .
i
Lafayette is a town that dwells JtW
it 1
the past. Its old residents si Hi dfeil t
in the glory; that .waa on-: theirs ,
when Lafayette was the cou fty seat
of Yamhill county. A few wUeks ago i
X drove into Lafayette In th fingering f '
twilight of an October day. IjThe sua ' t ;
was Just below the edge of ie west- - 1
ern hills, the evening aea-breeze had
the tang of autumn . in lt Above ; I
floated ; great masses of rumuloua
clouds touched with a delicate pink ' 1
as i though - they: Were ; illumined from , ,
within.;-Midway; ill the heartens the:
crescent moos hung like a learning -I .
silver acimeter. Near it th; -evening Is
tar appeared and -disappear J in the
filmy edges of the clouds. ?1A little
girl,' by tha roadside with ratjt aju-u- ;
uon gazed at the star as snenepeaieu,
as thoughlt were a religious! lite or a
eoiemn incantation:: - .
Star, star shine bright. -' !
rirst star Ji va seen tonignt f
I wish I may, I wish I might if,
iave tne wiau wish tooil Pt
As I drove od the- main 1 ttreet ft
the peaceful village I could ' Wt help f
thinking that Lafayette is Ifee some t
pioneer who alts by bis4oorteny in the '.X
twlUght of tbe day and of hltflife and , -.
looks toward the west and tbi future, i
His thoughts ar of tha or It. -The .
stress and storm of life are it. H
na drifted into the safe harr of an
easy chair ( by the old -fashlopedc fire
place or a seat on tne kitchen; steps in
the lingering twilight of a dnv in In
dian summer. As the clouds are tinged
wit& beauty by tn aftergioty of -the
departed sun so his face ia.lt up by
tne memories or the past. . ?
Is Lafayette an old tdwnr r I said
to Joel Jordan Hembree. "Wf jf, I was i
born here May S. 1849" he Ud med- ,;?
itatlvely 'and I'm not t'h V oldest 2 -
settler. Yea,-Lafayette is ore of the f
old towns of Oregon,, and if; McMinu- -vtiu
hadn't got the county.! at away" If
from us we would have be I a good
sized place Jy "now. My fai fer, Cap
tain Absoloih. J. Hembree, c fee here
in 1843. My father was 'iltji In the
Yakima Indian war in Aprit, '1856V
I was not quite seven years)ild then.
The last distinct lmnresBion b have r.f
my father is of being- but lnUhe yard
witn mm. : e was nailing a! board on
the fence. I wanted to he'A so be
let me holdup one end of tf board.
I didn't think he could buiidlbe
fence
without me to . help him. - father
wa nailing the board on fie fene
post two r ; three men cam) f up the
"a ana cam to. wnere ue were
working. One . of them ld:" 'W
have just elected 'yoii capta of our
company.': ' '-
' "He went with bis compan. Ltip into
tbe Walla Walla country and) jr never
saw him again. He never cfcpi back. ;
The Indian-killed him, ' v y , ; y.
"Bdth my ; father and mr4 mother.
whose maiden nam was Najicy Do-
son, were born ln Tennesee. v They .
were married in Missouri, ,t bd when
they cam to Oregon in 1843. they had
three girl Nancy Matilda, Igary Jane
ana Annie. ; iNancy marrie . n.
Snow, once a merchant her" at La
fayette, but who decided tha.jjj Tacoma
www outgrow tnia piace, .;ana , so
went into business up there," Mary
Jane married John Sanderson, and
Annie married jonn vuuen, rvno .was
a saddles-preacher or a preacher-saddle
which ever one'of hlob you.
consider as most useful. ' ' ; -
; "Their f Irat boy In our f amj jyt James
Lawson Hembree, was borti her in
1845 and now ilvea in Shefl) n. An-:
drew Jackson Hembree, the rj jxf child, ;
was born here in 1847. - Hf Ulvea in
Windsor, CaL I was the nefci jchlld." Z
was born In the spring .of.j 849 and
they christened m Joel Jow n Hem
bree.; , Franklin Pierce Hemi-fee, who
now live ir Carlton, was Lirn her
in 1851. Two years later Absolom
Jefferson Hembre was borrf.snd' the
last child, who waa. born ot long
before father's death, wa Lply.' fib
died in her teen. - , f
"My brother Lawson and 1 enlisted :
during tha Civil war in Cof. pany B
under Captain Ephrlam FarK er We
wer detailed to guard BJ Holla
day' stage line from the In Hans be
tween Boise and Salt Lake Uy. We
were mustered out In 186. j wa 16
year old when I enlisted an 18 When ;
I was mustered out. ')
"I went to Salem In l67L;V((here I t1
learned to set type on the Shrenicl '.
under J. H. Upton. From thy Chronl-
cle I went to the Salem Statesman,
where I held down a case foar'a while.
A little later I wa looking ?f or 'fat 'M
takes' on the Oregonian and citer, that ".:
I was ca&hing in my 'atrlni?. on the 1
Portland Bulletin. Ben mbrtaday fj;
brought a man named CXfearn up' a
from California to run "it. 2 Harvey "
Scott quit the Oregonian t b H '
editor, returning a f ew , yearslater tq
the Oregonian. ' : ' ;
"In 1872 1 came back to y birth-
place her and bought the 1 af aye tt
Courier from J. H Upton, the aari who
taught me my trade.
X ran
.for tea .;
years.
re
The Ragtime Mutq
Distanced.
Dear Mararie. w are arowlnir old:
At least to me it seems thFt way.
Your hair still ha the gllaf f gold. '
What's left of mine Is turnrng gray,
laknow that I am growing fat
And love my eawy chair ana bed:
You're lim and lively howls that?
Our age - matched when w wer
Wo nromiard. Ma a-trie, von
When you became my genrfe brida.
That we woiild loyat be and i ry .- ' -
To make lire' journey ld by sida
I've alway kept the bargain . dear,
But now it seems It cann 1 be.
That you have speeded up ij lear
Your pace is much too swifjfor met
You tango and you turkey trot; '
I'm proud to have you for jny wlf.
But such performance are fcot "
Becoming at my time of life,-. -I
love to sit and take my ease,
I've bad my day. my fling flungt
Be juat a youthful a you.pleaee,
But do. not ask me to be -yjoungl .
. , - 'A Corporal's Guard, A
From the Kansa City Jovf7aL
'Why did they call Napoleei th lit
tie corporal T i.
"He only commanded abodf 200,001
men.: . - !'-,.
CJorrectl . '
From Judge. . , $: :-
.. Sunday School Teacher-i-Wllllarra
what must w do before w can expect
forgivene of ln? -
WUUami Eta. .
The Sunday Joupnal
The Great Home New taper, ;
' - consists of ' s
Five news sections repleC i with
illustrated features .
Illustrated ; magazine of ality.
Woman's pages of 'rare prefit
: rictortai sews sappiemci .
. Superb comic section ' :
: 5 Cents the C
1
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4 ,
1
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- 0 ;
5-
A-
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