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About The Oregon daily journal. (Portland, Or.) 1902-1972 | View Entire Issue (Oct. 23, 1914)
THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 23, 1914. THE JOURNAL ' AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER. , C & JACESOM . Pnbliaber. t'alrlthat rrrry ermine except 4r) , aver? Bnndajr morning at Tbe Jwirnal Balld- wroaawar anH Yaintilll ta ., romaoa. vr kntarvd at tit puatofdc at furtlasd. Or JUCPHOMtS Mala TI7S; Hum. A-VXtl.A . lpartmmta rchfd by them mcmbCT. TeU h mvmtr arhat Wl.artawt 70a) want. UKa.lO AlrTKItTUINB KEratCSBU'CATIVIl , B-ntnt A kantnar Co.. Bninawtck Bhlt- via mrtk Ara.. Krw Ton, 121s rww a Mia IU1a. Oik-aro. - BuiMtmntuMi trraa, by mall ar to eejr nAii.T. Jl On 3 00 I On - sooth... SUNDAY. On Mar . . . : . .$2..V I On month... ..$ .23 .. 65 DAILY AND HUMHAI. Om ar 7.30 I One month... . Truly unhappy 1 the man f who leaves undone what he can - - . I - . v . . . 1.. . n f "hot ur jnderstand. Goethe. THE DANGER OF IT r F THE bill to revive the assem bly should pass, there would soon arise a demand for the . repeal 01 me uirtrci primary. With vigor. It would be pressed by thoBe who believe In the assem bly, and there are many such. They would shriek and scream about the "cost of the direct pri mary;" and on that appeal they would - be able to present a case that superficially would te plausi ble. "They would argue, and with truth on their side, that there is no need of both the assembly and the ' direct primary. They Would point out that a double sys tem of nominating with recom mendations by the assembly and a mere referendum of the assem bly nominations by the direct pri mary would be a cumbersome and Wholly unnecessary nominating pYocesa. Presently, they would .boldly claim that the referendum Of tbe assembly nominations, in stead of being done in the direct primary could, as welt be done at the election, and with that as their appeal, they could plead abandon ment of the primary as a means Of, saving cost and woud be able tio present a strong case. -That there is some such pro gram in view is beyond doubt, for the reason that Dr. Withycombe, -the Oregonian, and others, are' al ready declaring that the direct primary "costs too much," and for the further reason that the Ore gonian, in an unguarded moment, aid of the present assembly bill that it is "politically premature," while, the Salem Statesman said of It "not yet ready for this." - It is time for the people of this state to realize that they are far from secure in the possession of their direct primary. There are Strong men back of the pending assembly bill, and thousands . of .them. Money is being spent like Water to secure its passage. Be hind the bill are thousands of hon est men who naturally prefer the Convention metho'd to the direct primary method, and many of them are not only going to vote for the assembly bill, but they are working for its passage. To this great influence is to be added every old time politician, every gangster, every rounder and the great big interests that work In secret and behind barred doors through managing men for the profit, the power and the privi lege they so often get from govern ment at the people's expense. t, MR. WARD'S LETTER TXTO CONTRIBUTION to present ll political discussion has been I Put with moqe telling effect .T than is the letter of H. H Ward on this page. ; ;.V He has no personal acquaintance with either Senator Chamberlain - or Mr. Booth. He Is a Republican. hut he argues,; and with great force, that with hklf the world at war. and with every people on the planet brought under the Influ ence of the awful conflict, this na tion should present a united front by giving a vote of confidence to Its great peace president. He says Republicans and Demo crats should remember that they ?are Americans first, last and all the time." He says that "as Amer icans It is their duty to uphold the president of the United States, wnetner ne be.Democrat-or Repub lican." He ' says "therefore, as Americans, let us all give the" na tional democracy a chance to con tinue guiding us through the pres ent world wide conditions of dis iress." ii -;' In his splendidly patriotic letter, Mr. Ward has set a standard of high citizenship that reflects honor On him and is creditable to his Mate. . BANISHING THE RAT n,w uHLiUAia, alter suc cessfully combatting the bu bonic plague, now proposes to adopt measures for insur ing, the future. The health au- : thorities plan a rat-proof city as a permanent cure for the plague V Proposed ordinances provide that .all buildings which rest upon the ; ground shall have concrete floors and every structure shall be proofed : against rats. Other or finances will abolish, -henhouses lthin the city limits, except when they are thoroughly rat-proofed: make stringent - rulings . regarding garbage, and subject shipping In the ; harbor to binding regulations intended to prevent rats from land Wgt.rrom boats docked at , the wharves. It is planned tlat boats shall lie eight feet - from' the wharves, have all hawsers fitted with rat guards, and have a guard at the' gangplanks whenever they are lowered. It is said that the methods de cided upon are similar in many respects to those followed ty the federal government in athe eanal lone, involving' engineering as well as medical problems. The legisla ture will be asked to pass' enabling ects, and If this is done New Or leans will undertake the task of remodeling its building regulations, affecting practically every struc ture In the city. But there is yet the question whether property interests will per mit the banishment of the rat. It will cost money. Unless the New Orleans dollar differs materially from that sacred coin elsewhere, there will be all sorts of obstacles thrown in the way of a plagr.e insured city. THE GOVERNORSHIP I N OREGON, ttfere are two prin cipal candidates for governor. They are Dr. Withycombe and C. J. Smith. It is from these two men that the people will make their choice. Either Dr. Withycombe will be elected or C. J. Smith will be elected. There is a wide difference in what these two candidates stand for. There is a wide difference in their ideas of government. One is a conservative and the other a progressive, and it seems as if all the conservatives should vote for the one and at', the progressives support the other, so there might be a verdict upon each candidacy on its merits. Anyway, there Is no three-cor nered fight in the governorship. No third candidate has sufficient strength to make the race take on even the semblance of a three cornered fight. Either C. J. Smith will be elected governor on a platform of progress, or Dr. Withy combe will be elected governor on a standpat platform. Votes thrown to other than one of these two candidates will be wasted. They will be votes cast without the slightest hope that they will exercise direct influence on the result. They will be votes cast without the slightest hope or expectation of being thrown for a successful candidate. They will be votes thrown away, and at a time when progressive government and forward govern ment in this state is on trial for life. PRICES AND THE WAR B' RADSTREET'S index numbers showing commodity price levels of October 1 are Bome what reassuring to con sumers. A sharp recession in wholesale prices has taken place since the war shot up the living cost In August. Breadstuffs and provisions have declined since September 1, but are not yet as low as on October 13, 1913. Fruits went up, but are now lower than a year ago. Textiles are markedly lower now than then. So are metals and building materials. Chemicals and drugs, "owing to our dependence on Germany for many of them, have increased about 40 per cent in price, though they are lower now than in Au gust and September. Livestock has continued to rise, and hides and leather are higher than a year ago. Within two weeks of the out break of the European war prices shot up 13 per cent, reaching a high record. Since then there has been a steady decline, and the re cession continues. The comparisons relate only to wholesale prices, but they indicate a tendency which will sooner or later be reflected by prices to the consumers. Bradstreet s s a v s wholesale prices are a trifle less thaa at the same date two years ago, but they are practically the same as on October 1, 1913. The sharp advances of August were forced, but Bradstreet's says it is one thing to jack up prices and quite another to keep them pegged at a certain level. There is, however, no telling what speculators in necessaries might not have done in price boosting had not President Wilson appeared on the horizon with Ms famous letter of protest and warn ing. He served notice that all the power of the presidential office and all the machinery of the de partment of justice would be em ployed to protect the people against extortions by bandits seeking to rob the people by capitalizing death, debt and devastation over seas. 328 YES AND 330 YES t: HE tldelands and waterfront amendments 328 Yes and 330 Yes are not in the in terest, proressionaily, of a small committee Of lawyers of the Multnomah County Bar Associa tion. The committee of lawyers opposes the measures. It is quite natural, entirely to be expected. These measures are proposed in behalf of the great bpdy of Oregon people who have little use for attorneys Passage of ballot ' numbers 328 Yes and 330 Yes will mean that legal con troversy as to unused tldelands will end. Passage of these meas ures will also mean that producers, not only In Portland, but through out Oregon and the entire Colum bia river basin will have a mar. nty thai their products will not dc handicapped by a restricted market due to lack of cheap trans portation facilities. ' The Oregon farmer is confronted by - an issue of - dollars and cents. The cost of transporting his prod ucts is a determining factor In fix ing the price he receives. Water transportation reduces the cost of carriage and Increases the price tbe farmer receives. It is there fore to the advantage of the Ore gon agriculturist that his prod ucts have - the opportunity of car riage by water. - Ships can carry Oregon's wheat. hops, fruit and other products, but ships-will not be loaded unless Oregon has -ample docks, unham pered by control by the railroads. It is essential to the Oregon farm er's greater prosperity that he have free" access to cheap water transportation. If he secures this natural advantage it will be Im material whether he ships by rail or water, for water rates will regulate rail rates. The purpose of measures 328 Yes and 330 Yes is to confirm to- the state in all Oregon cities along navigable waters, the lands un earned and held out of use under a franchise 52 years old and to prevent any legislature or court from ever .giving the remnant of these lands over to private monop oly for exploiting the people and absorbing unearned rewards from the wages and salaries of workers and producers. IN HIS RECORD N' OBODY denies that Mr. Booth had a right to vote against the direct primary in the state senate. This is a free country. It was within his power, as a state senator, to oppose the direct primary, and, as was the case, to use his vote to kill the direct pri mary. But, he must now admit that his opposition to that meas ure is one charge against his pres ent candidacy that he has never ex plained or attempted to explain. Mr. Booth, as state senator, had a right to vote against the people's choice for senator under Statement One, which he did. It was within his power to refuse to let the peo ple at that time select their own senator and to vote for one of his own choosing, which he did. But he must admit that' by that act? he gives the people at -the present time the right to also exercise, as he did then, their own free choice in voting for a senator. Mr. Booth, as state senator, had i the power and had the right to . , . . . , ivic agaiuaf t lie uui iu ia.s. uiiiuer- lands (1907 Senate Journal, page 836). The bill was one that Chamberlain as governor had rec ommended. Many thousands of acres of timber lands were escap ing taxation because patents were not recorded. The timber owners were holding the, patents out of record, and though privately owned, great bodies of these valu able lands were escaping taxation. In voting against the bill, Mr. Booth threw his influence to make farmers, homeowners and the other thousands of little taxpayers bear ... , , . 7. , . ait iue uuruen oi taxation ana 10 : lessen the tax burden of the South ern Pacific, the Booth-Kelly Com pany and other great holders of timber. ' ' AMERICANS FIRST A COMMITTEE of hieh-hrow lawvera mnnM th nnn.r. r r i'" , tisan judiciary measure. ; But there is not one rea-1 . . . . . . son why courts should remain in . nna v ' mere is not one sound reason why a judge should not be first an American and after that a nartv " . . . ... . man instead of requiring that to be eligible for the bench, he ; must first be a party N man and ! after that an American citizen i, i , The corporation lawyer nearly always faces the past. He opposes progress. His clients oppose prog- reSB. " i That is why they are 4 against non-partisan courts. WHY TAXES ARE HIGH NO. 14 I salaries the legislative machine at the 1913 session made a mess of things which the supreme court. after two decisions, has not yet fully cleared up. The machine insisted on having a now InH crow'h f r nnrl o mow , dicial department, in Multnomah county. Governor West tried to prevent It, and sent in the lfollow- ing veto message: This bill undertakes to create an additional circuit Judge In Multnomah county,, send to , elevate the present XJLSU111 Z alJ Pf."L0n;. n v vji i . 1 1 1 . niiu to ill irugjiiuil III tVIlitW. , .! . says there ' no need for an In- ith t ,( ment in this matter. I return said bill with my veto . But the bill went through. The machine eritted its teeth anil passed it over the veto. It even , i i ; " , 'UVICtTV : ""uiuer oi! circuit . Judges in1 the state from 20 to 31 at an added cost to the j people of $44,000 a year. This ! bill, however, the governor also vetoed and the machine Was never able to master strength to pass it over the veto. . The wisdom of the governor's veto -of the added judgeship in Multnomah county has been con firmed by the . Oregon Supreme Court-, The ' attempt to transfer the probate business to the newly created judgeship was declared unconstitutional in one . decision. A second decision has just de- IN ITS mad desire to create nerLT? 7 1 us taxpayers after election? They are-gettinsr readv offices, new office-holders, and now to leave here aid aruklnV to raise salaries and make more than $400,000 of our money with them clared that Judge Cleeton is not the judge of the new department, and that there is no new depart ment. ; In conformity with the decision Judge Cleeton, who -was elected county judge by the people and then elected sixth circuit Judge in Multnomah county by the legis lative machine, went back, yester day, to the county Judgeship and things stand officially Just where they stood when Governor West tried to prevent the legislative machine from making a farce' of government and a mess of things in Multnomah county. But the muddle is not yet cleared up. There will have to be more court hearings, more briefs, more lawyers and more decisions. No wonder taxes are high. Letters From the People . . : (Communications sent to Tbe Journal for publication In this department should be writ ten on only one aide of tbe paper, should not exceed SU words in length and most be ac companied by tbe name and address of tbe sender. If tbe writer does not desire to bare the name pobUsbed, be should so Ktate.) "Discussion Is' the greatest lof ell reform ers, it rationalizes everything it touches. It rubs principles of all false sanctity and throws tbeisfback on their reatonablenesa. If tbejr bate to reasonablensss.ir ruthlessly crushes them eat of existence and set up Its own conclusions , 1a their stead." Woodrow Wilson. ' The Senatorial ' Situation. Portland, Or., Oct 22. -To the Ed itor of The Journal I am not person ally acquainted with either Senator Chamberlain or Mr. Booth, tbe Repub lican candidate .for Mr. Chamberlain's place, but a personal acquaintance with these gentlemen is not necessary for the point at Issue. In the old Mo Klnley and Roosevelt days 1 knew a number of United States senators and I know something- about wnat is needed of United States senators. I am a Republican just so long- as the Republican party stands for that which is best. That party Is now undergoing- disciplining- for Its past mis deeds and it has not yet been suffic iently disciplined to warrant the confi dence of the nation. The Democratic party is now in power, both in the White House and in congress. To take any part of that power away from the Democratic party. In times like these, when half the civilized world is at war, would be, to my mind, a great error. A Re publican president with a Democratic congress or a Democratic president with a Republican congress doesn't go far. President Wilson has been and is making good. He has the confidence of the country (which means Republi cans and Democrats) in his stand qd neutrality. Most Americans believe he is using- his great power to the best of his ability to keep this nation's credit good at home and maintain Its honor abroad. Why, then, handicap President Wilson by tying his hands? i-iet nim have a Democratic congress for the time that he is in the White ,n,LtVet try call upon him to make good. If hs Is as popular two years from now as he is now, nothing can prevent his re-election. In fact, nothing should prevent his re-election. He is making food where others have failed. Without iftany way attempting to detract from Mr. Booth, It is my belief that at this particular time, the Repub licans and Democrats alike should re member that they are Americans, first, last and all the time, and that as Americans It is their duty to uphold the hands of the president of the United States, whether he be Democrat or Republican. The Republicans, tem porarily at least, forfeited their rights to the confidence of the America pub lic, and the American public dlSDlaced the Republican party and put the Dem I. . 1 " " n'cicivi c, no ocratic party In power, Americans let us all give the national Democracy a chance to continue euld ln6 us through the present world-wide conditions or distress. Do not put anj enacnies on resident Wilson. Trust him. Give him a free hand. Lt him nave- congress with him. Return Sen ator Chamberlain. H. H. WARD. uus .ior uwgoii wet. Fortland, Oct. 19. To the Editor of in Journal Rnma i a V-V UtC lltTl 1 II Portland are greatly interested in the "poor workingman" and the rlasa or b.eer h.e ,s now fre to enjoy. But do jtney Know that if their prohibition .amendment carries they will be throw- ing many or the "poor workinsrmen' out of work entirely? if the liquor busines.3 stopped, it win affect every line or business. Nearly everv 6aioon In Portland has an eaUngTe partment In connection, which gives trade to the bakery, butcher shop, fish market, grocery, laundry, soap works. glass and china stores, ice, milk, print- ers. gas and light and many more With the Joss of the liquor men's trado, business will decrease in all llnea and employes will be laid off. to tato ca of the w,l the coming winter. What, will we do , if thousands more are deprived of thir W0J n.ext y.ear? w nai ao me anti-saloon men or pro- Ijet Oregon remain wet Let it be run by the people who live and vo to Tank not by bunch of AnU- I Saloon league agitators. L. M. nbedham. '"The South and Its Toddy." j tnro;oSl-arrea0dtfa7rfh0e j Oregonian's editorials, a number of i which have appealed to me as being- so I very Parsa and contemptible, suf- I ot V'Txtremetbmer .TorVe sou'th and Democrat ac : mir.lsfation I'Wll refer the Oregonian to facts: T t ....... , , . t is true that the south nroliif.i more whiskey than beer (tax on whis- fcc is $1.10 per gallon), but of the i Jf1 output, just compare these l1&ures and see: ut of a total of 2343 distilleries In 1911 the south had about 308. and while the brewers are very much more numerous m h 1 north' n doub he new adjustment xuiu u': j.i uuHDiy own very eveniv distributed throughout he United States. But to refer to congress as bebnR controlled by the south, and to statu that th one obJect of these dvuvuci it bvueicssiurn ' was rn nrssr take care of the southern drinker to the detriment of the rest of the coun try. Is equal to accusing every, south erner of being a traitor, f Granting that the southern con gressmen have shown a preference for the south's Interests, has the Oregon ian forgotten how the Republicans un dertook to pass the "Force bill, that would forever eliminate any possible majority except the G, O. p.? in their efforts to pass this bill,- they were neither working for the north, south. east nor west, but purely to eliminate- white supremacy In the south. a. I am not attempting to excuse the . a A FEW SMILES r Worn out by long- series of ap- .nt .. t - t . w 1 blunders were as the sands of the ea, a hapless -high school mistress de clared her Intention of writing to Flor ence's mother. Florence looked her teacher In the face. "Ma will be awful angry, I'm afraid She will, but It is my duty to write to her, Florence." "I don't know," said Florence, doubtfully; "You see, mother always does my French for me." Grandma Johnny, I find' you have taken more maple sugar than I gave you. Johnny T e s, grandma, I've been making believe there was another little boy spending the day with me. "It is a sad moment In life." said Cynic,: "when you find that love, glory, haplness are not worth . a cigar." "It ' Is a sadder moment still," said his . friend, "when you find that the cigar itself is bad!" Democratic congress for taking care of the south's toddy, but will refer the Oregonian to Pennsylvania, which had In 1911 347 distilleries and 247 brew eries. In regard to the southern states going dry, the Oregonian states that it is to- "keep the nigger from getting drunk and going hopelessly into debt at the white man's store." This state ment is absolutely false and ridicu lous, as any one should know that whiskey has a most demoralising ef fect on the negro, and has always in cited him to commit crlmeof the most heinous kind, and for this reason tho south In many instances has voted dry. But suppose the statement was true, aS stated by the Oregonian, would not the south be justified In keeping whiskey from the negro? Aa the negro is necessary to the produc tion of the south's enormous crops. It certainly behooves the southern plant er to keep him in a normal state of mind. Does the Oregonian realise or know how large cotton plantations are run, and that It Is necessary in many cases to advance a year's supply to the neero families with no security Pbut their labor until the crop has been cultivated and harvested ana mat in many instances the -plantation will have 300 negroes to probably six to 13 white people, and that 6 give these negroes alcoholic drinks ' would Jeop ardize his whole crop and probably create criminal tendencies? 8. M. M. Military Liability of Italians. Portland, Oct. 19. To the Editor of The Journal In The Journal of Oct ober 16 there appeared a short article headed, "Italians In the United States Liable," which set forth that, owing to the absence of an Italian-American naturalization treaty, the state de partment held native Italians liable to military service in Italy, even though naturalised In this country' You will note that this dispatch makes no reference to Italians in the United States, as does the head line. In fact, I believe that' you will find on Investigating, that the state depart ment referred only to native Italians, naturalized as Americans, who are vis iting their native land, and was issued as a warning that In such instances the American government was not in a position to intervene.- The headline of - this article has given the impres sion In some quarters that the Italian government can seise, for military duty, native Italians resident In the United States. If you find space kindly correct this impression. JOHN W. LANE. Mr. Hollis Challenges. Portland, Oct. 22. To the Editor of The Journal. Will Mrs. Dunlway, Ella M, Finney, the Woman's Liberal league, Mr, Bishop, or the Taxpayer's and Wage Earner's leagues, or any one 'boosting the organized liquor traffic, tell me who are sponsors for the glaring red signs we find all over the city? If any of these will furnish me with the original signa tures of 100 persons engaged in le gitimate businesses or professions in the city of Portland, who support and advocate the claims made in these signs and statements. I will pay the cost of advertising space In The Journal and publish same together with the names and addresses of 200 persons engaged in legitimate busi nesses or professions who deny thej c&ancf i Liuiia. j. 111s iisi musi reatcn me by October 30, or earlier. The saloon defenders have been making mere excuses for the exist ence of the liquor traffic, and have not offered one single common sense reason why It should exist. Russia has banished the saloon from the entire nation, according to latest reports. Now it is time for America to do likewise. W. S. HOLLIS. "The Measures" at Church. Portland, Oct 22. To the Editor of The Journal M. C. Reed, pastor of e Lincoln Street M. E. church. Inaugur ated a new program at his church last Snnilav niirht IT. trtr.tr n. the measures on which we are to vote at the coming election, and showed the good and bad points of each one as they appear to him. Then such i Mmm members as desired expressed their ; viewsf and it was the sense of those company store. The company owned present that we had had a very profit- ; the town. Foreigners worked In the able and instructive evening. The mill and yard. These were the condl pastor will next Sunday evening con- tions when I worked there for the tinue his remarks along the same line. Southern Pacific railroad. 1 and all who are interested in these As for R. A. Booth's claims for the measures are cordially invited to come big payroll, the camps are not running out and meet with us. Every one pres- now. C. K. ent Sunday seemed well pleased that he had taken this matter up, and nu- ' An Opponent of Prohibition, merous ones expressed the opinion Portland, Oct. 22. To the Editor of that they had learned more about these The Journal Here are 10 reasons why measures in the hour and a half In , r am opposed to prohibition: which we were discussing them than i it has killed my business In Oregon th ey had before in all the time spent City. In reading them at home. If we are : it will throw 10,000 .people out of going to vote intelligently on these ; work in Oregon. measures we have got to study them j and" we think this an excellent way i v - W. D. DOANE. The Booth-Kelly Camps. Newberg, Or., Oct 22. To the Ed itor of Tbe Journal In answer to-the letter under the caption, "The Booth Kelly Service," by W. R. Blackburn, hr reeard to bunkhonses. I would liko him to show the electric lights in the It will Increase taxes, adds too logging camps, some of which are many laws and takes liberty from the from 5 to 10 .miles from Wendling. people. - ... CHAS. H. KINO. ' They were the only bunkhouses I ever . saw for. which'a laborer had to pay'lfl Open Letter to Commissioner Daly, if he did not work 24 hours, besides Portland, Oct. 22. To W. H. Daly, hospital; fees. "Wages were the same Commissioner of Public Service Dear as others of the Mohawk 'valley; The sir: Will you kindly answer the fol men had to produce a ticket before be- lowing questions In The Oregon Jour lng allowed , to 4jb to the dining room, nal's "Letters From the People?"' -Married -men rented houses of, the Regarding the measure to be votad company and had to buy everything at on October. 27 which provides "for the company store. Farmers were not I establishing a minimum of 50 cents allowed to peddle or sell except at the ' per month for water," will that meas- PERTINENT COMMENT SMALL CHANGE The less a man talks the more he says. ?UPc.ej'a, comes to the man who does not fear failure. Being kind may be a good investment. ' An Old haLphoinx v-l. than , " m UW ..unMviwn a. mouse. Sheen at lM,t' , . all wool clothing nowadays. frifLK on ot those galvanic freaks that won'tjstay buried. 1w a woman does enjoy quarreling: with a man who isn't quarrelsome! Diplomacy la thn art nt o-.tMn.. you want without fighting for fa. A lot of trnnhl. In thl. . . to love, and a lot jnore to friendship. i-9ne,ofin,,cry,,n'H need of the times is a standardised slice of pumpkin pie. For every fault we find in our neigh bor we overlook a dosen or more in ourselves. When fighting the slide in Culebr cut, the process Is to dig one's self out Instead, of In. , Sometimes a man is considered ec centric because he attends strictly to his own business. If a mean man Is wise he will move out of the neighborhood Instead of try ing to live it down. Still it is little satisfaction to a hui gry man to tell him that the per cap ita circulation of money is $37. Some men try to hide their light un der a bushel, and some others try t make trie world believe they are th whole dynamo. THE CASE OF THE "UNWILLING DESERTER" (Distributed by the North American Civic League for Immigants, New York Citiy.) Never in the history of theworld have there been so many unwilling' deserters as the United States holds at this moment. "I'll never see France again," Hen ry, the elevator boy, tells you gloom ily. When the first and then the sec ond call came, he saw, on the one hand, his wife Just released from the hospital, left with four children to face the guns of a hard winter in New York City on something over 33 a week from the French government; on the other, the call to defend the fatherland. He hasn't time to bal ance loyalties on a philosophic basis; his wife and children are here. In bit ter need, and France is there. The result is that the old folks In France have a deserter son. What is now his standing In France and what Is the standing in their na tive country of all the other "desert ers," who for many reasons, varying from Henry's to inability to secure transportation, are not on the firing line. ' "All a question of citizenship," the average American wttl tell you. If he's got his papers, he's all right, and can go back to the old country as he pleases. If he hasn't he'd better look out for the penal colony. " The situation Is not so simple. It varies greatly with regard to the dif ferent countries concerned. In none of the foreign countries does the fact that a man has taken the first step toward naturalization In America or "filed his declaration" affect in any degree his obligations as to military service or his standing in his native country. This Is not so strange. But the na tive American will find more cause for wonder in the fact that the fully naturalized are not In all cases eman cipated from their foreign obligations. In other words, America citizenship is not at par value the world over. When we entitle a man to pin the stars and stripes on his lapel, we think we have presented the equivalent of that Clvis Romanus sum which was a passport over the civilized world. But - the old country has reserved to Itself cer tain rights carefully specified in the treaties. The two considerations that most often modify the effect of naturaliza tion In the United States are wheth- FUTURE MARKETS FOR EXPORT BUSINESS By John M. Osklson. More than six weeks after the war VwAtynM a Tlawlln j-kvnann n JK va-i 4ltai ! f." v"2 '" iV "rJrjT k. V "d0,L h , iS V" GI" dustrially by the draftingof the coun try's workers to the army. For instance the metal workers' union reported 20 per. cent of its mem bership in the field and an additional 12 per cent unemployed; half of th.e wood workers are either in the army or unemployed, and 4500 out of 12,000 bookbinders were out. A third of the textile workers had been taken from the mills. Germany Is probably harder hit than the other European countries. Eng land ought to feel the drain to a much lesser extent. Now, America In the last 11 months reported upon, sent to all European countries over $1,396,000,000 of ex ports. Germany took $328,000,000 worth of our foodstuffs, cotton, cop per, etc., while England took nearly $558,000,000. Frinc. wa, our next best customer, taking $160)00,000 worth f exports, and Holland followed with a demand for $101,500,000 worth. Thousands of foreign born people reauire mild liquor. It will destroy $900,000 In licenses. It will destroy the hop Industry. It has killed Salem, Or. It produces hypocrites and sneaks. ' It -will, vacate 1000 buildings in Portland. - . It produces class hatred among tne neoole. AND NEWS IN BRIEF OREGON SIDELIGHTS Grants Pass public library has Just been enriched with 150 volumes newly purchased. Brand new enterprises recently es tablished in OreKon include an employ ment agency at Astoria and a taxicab t line atKugene. I "Prairie City," says the Baker Her- aid, "is becoming neted for Its hustl. , and the action to build a part of tho , Long Creek road is one of the best moves It has made." The Western Union has ordered re sumption of building the line along the Willamette Pacific ratlroad from tho point where the work ceased several . months ago, to Juapieton, wnicn win be the terminus of trains for some time to come. Through the efforts of the executive commitee of the Taxpayers' league the county board of equilizatton has re- j cent for the eity of Batfer, b-eving that generally property was assessed for more than Its true cash value. That Marlon county Is well out of debt and had a surplus or si9S,7is.43 on hand In the general fund on Octo ber 1 to do business upon a strictly cash basis is shown by the semi-annual report of County Treasurer G. J. Moore. October in Oregon is thus depicted by the prose poet of the Dufur Dis patch: "October, by many the best liked month in the year, is now here. It is a time when nature betrays Its most beautiful colors to lovers yof nature and when all the world should look beautiful. Spend all your leisure time in the country, roaming over the woods and byways. There you will see nature In all Its splendor, the beauty of which no artist has been : able to portray. It will be a pleasant reminiscence to you during the long cold winter days." er a man has been naturalised with the consent of his government not a common occurrence and whether he has completed his term of compulsory service. i A Frenchman naturalized here with out the consent of his government be tween the ages of 20 and 23 when he is still subject to the three years' j active army service and 10 years In j the reserve, must respond to the war j call. If he does not he Is liable to j arrest at any time he may go back ! to France, no matter how old he may j be. ! Naturalization frees a Belgian sub- ject from military obligations, except In the case of deserters and . the world knows now that these are few! A German naturalized here is lia ble to. punishment upon his return to Germany if he emigrated after h was enrolled as a recruit, while in Bervlce ' or during leave of absence, after re ceiving a call or proclamation, while In the reserve, or after war had brok en out. If he left Germany before he was 17, and has been naturalized, he cannot return to Germany except for a visit without being liable to ex- pulsion on the ground that he eml-1 grated to escape military service. j A native of Austria-Hungary natu-1 rallzed in the United States Is liable ! to arrest and punishment under mill- I tary laws only if he left during war . or during service or after being en-' rolled or summoned. Otherwise he '. Is treated aa a citizen of the United , States. ' j A Russian cannot ask the Imperial i consent to change his citisenshiD un-! less he has performed his service. If he is naturalised in the United States without Imperial consent and returns to Russia he can be sent to Siberia. In Servia change of nationality Is recognized only if military service was performed In full before leaving. Between Italy and the United States there is no naturalization treaty. An Italian naturalized here without the i consent of the Italian government Is not thereby removed from his military obligations, as manyo&turalized Ital ians returning to Italy recently have found out to their sorrow. The climax is reached in, Turkey, which refuses to recognize naturaliza tion accomplished without the consent of the Turkish government. And con sent is given only on condition that the applicant agrees never to return! In this case the question of military obligation Is promptly disposed of. Italy, Belgium, and the Scandina vian countries were good customers of ours, too. Austria and Russl took very little. Outside of Europe we sold nearly a billion dollars' worth of American products. Canada took nearly a third of it, and other North American coun ties bought $180,000,000 more. To South America we sold etriy $117,000, 000 worth. Ifs no time to be pessimistic about American export trade, in spite of the gloomy atmosphere you find In the banking houses of the nation. Europe as a market has not gone to the bow wows, and is hardly likely to. Remember the huge Item of Ger many's trade with South America, and consider our own arlfling bill for goods sold down there. Remember the efforts of onr strong business men and our most expert enced bankers, with the cordial co operation of the government, to open up to the United States the markets of the Latin-American as well as the South American countries. It will be interesting to watch ex port figures during the next year! lire. If adopted, reduce the present flat rate of 75 cents per month, to houses having bath and toilet, to 50 cents per month? Will it reduce the pres ent minimum" meter rate of 75 'cents f nth to, 60 cents per month? Will it make any change In the pres ent rates to houses not having a bath or a toilet ?1 Answers to the above questions wiil greatly aid voters in passing upon t.ie measure. J. A. RANDALL H5 Graham avenue. Apple Day Effort Appreciated. Portland, Oct. 22 To the Editor of ThevJournal In the Issue of your esteemed publication of October 18, there appeared a drawing, "The Spirit of Apple Day," This is not only typical of the spirit of the day but is still more charac teristic of the spirit back of The Journal in furthering this worthy ob ject. . As chairman of the Apple 'Day com mittee appointed by the Portland Com mercial club, allow me to extend my thanks personally and for the entire community for the splendid coopera-' Hrtn V.H1 a a-kaM ni a. f 1 . . ... j vi i wigftiiiedwon nai given una wr"- OEO. D. LEE. George E. Chamberlain's Place. The Dalles. Or . Oct. 22. To the Edi tor of The Journal I have known George E. Chamberlain for 3$ years. I think I know him as well as any man in the state. I served seveirt years with him In a volunteer fire company, and he was my lieutenant THE JOURNAL'S 151 RECORD FOR COM MUNITY SERVICE j For 12 years THE JOUR NAL, has engaged in therjer f ormance . of genuine commu nity service. s.li Since 1902 when it ! was founded THE JOURNAL ha worked willingly and fougni ( fearlessly for what It believed j to oe ngnt, ' - .A comprehensive review of what has been accomplished for the public good will - We a feature of THE SUNDAY JOURNAL next Sunday, j j This review recounts a series of worth-while achievements, wrought in the interest of J the whole people. t4 Viscount Brycef This authority on history and politics has prepared -an answer to General von BernhiVdi's startling statements contained in his volume. "Germany f and the Next War." The Bfyce . statement will appear in o4e- of the news sections next Suitday. West and Boot! As previously announced, THE SUNDAY JOURNAL will contain full and accurate reports of the remarks made by Governor West and IB. A. Booth. Republican carujidate for U. S. senator, in their" pub lic discussion tonight oH the question. "Where Did-d Mr. Booth Get His Timber ?ft In the Magazine "Belgium, the Pawn oflWar,H makes a striking page ol text and photographs which i sets forth people and places 14 this game little kingdom. ;jj That the future man wjll eat less and sleep less is theiasser tion made by Thomas Ai Edi sonwhose page article in elab oration of thi subject is most interesting reading. A selection of shortltories that are being told, anjd car toons of .timely interest fonsti tute an attractive page cif mis cellaneous features. H Another installment pf "The Trey O Hearts" sees the fig ures in Louis Joseph I'Vance's stirring"tory survive soibe ad ditional thrillers. This jB rial is nearing its conclusyri, which promises to be full of action. Pictorial Supplement Four solid pages of iSV pho tographs from the wa rone show men of the rival :i armies and places they have visited. These pages from ueek to week constitute the. be illus-' trated review of the war? that is published in the west. -A broad assertion, but true. !3I . I Join the ranks of thg -many s who are filing these; picture pages each week for futdire ref erence, lif . TheChristmasShip Who would imagine that the Christmas .spirit iqald be aroused in mid-autumn? THE JOURNAL'S campaign for the Christmas fcHip for the women and children of the European war'l sone, which closes todaf and which is yielding resu&s even beyond expectations improves that Oregon' hearts Irjfcspond readily to cries of distress no matter ho'w distant. A detailed story of ho Port land and Oregon di their part in supplying a Christmas Ship cargo, will be t&td next ounaay. -H-t- TheSundayJornal Complete in five ncWs sec tions, magazine and factorial supplement and cornjc sec .tion 5 cents the cop& every where, is! n NEXT SUNDAY The Ragtime Muse Perverted Taste. Elvira Is no pretty maid; Her form is stout, her nose Is 4 stubby. Her hair Is of a reddish shade. But I should like to be her hubby. Her verbs and nouns do- hot agree, She's no ac-omplihments or money. But she is lust the Kirl for roe She thinks that all my Jokes are . funny! Elvira's laugh, like llvf bells, RingM out JWhen 1 display my wheezes. jji No matter what 'I say, sfle tells v Me that my wit her faiicy pleases. And. greatest of. her bleSstd gifts (She Is a girl my own- heart after). She knows precisely when and lifts Precisely then her voice in laughterl This splendid girl I may not win; From -her resolve T cannot shake her. She's Uon to wed it in a sin. A dismal, sighing undertaker"! I asked her why she chose tbe bore As noon aa I had heard the rumor. She said: "His visage makes me roar He always suits my sense of humor! in the Indian war of tf is. George la on the square. When ha knows he Is right, no man or set of jmen can bluff him. He will call them 'every time, . Now T am not of the same political faith as Mr. Chamberlain, but I know when he says he will dp a'thlng he will do It, or know the reason why. I do not believe there Is ? man In the state that ran fill tfc place In the United States senate j? better than George E. Chamberlain. " v AH honest men look sillke to George, whether h overballs onj broadcloth. ' v Jj. L. M'CARTNET. "