- - .. :..
THE OREGON TWLY . JOURNAL. PORTLAND, TUESDAYS EVENING, f: AUGUST -2S, :1814
:7 I
THE JOURNAL
kit IWPEPKWDtCKT NEWSPAFKR.
C . JACKSON
.Fubllhr
fetilUaed every Vffuiua tneept SuutUt 4
er liaiUf BMrntos at Tha Juurs'.l Build,
lu. Broadway aad Vro.ilUu., l-ortiaad. Or.
kaiattd at lb pwsiotriea at hcul. or., I,
naaaiaiMiuo ittuuti u aaiu avooua
uimnmr.
ll.Ui.k-lioHkly kl.lo III.; Uuam, A-Oowl. AM
tfaryerUMata rcbd by tbraa number, tail
laa operator what dciartaiatit you want.
imaiM AisVfc.aiia.iAU k.ihu.1a'
1 baojaailn KcutBor Co., Uruuawick. iStdc..
1UA rlllU ., lr ura, Ul fauiile'a
' waa bfclg., Cbtcaga. -
Mibacritua Ju by nail or to aojr
raw. lu tba lultad Staira or Mailoo;
' DAILY
Om .,,.. .li.ou t Ou moot
. SUKDAX .
One- rear IJ.40 I One tnonta
DAILY AND SUNPAY
Om a J.W t Ona awntb
When You Go Away
Have The Journal sent to
your Summer addreaa.
Care is" no cure, but rather
a .(.rroslve for tUinKs that
are not to
Shakespeare.
be remedied
MODEKN UATTLEH
T
I HE prediction Of a famous
general that the evolution or : holiness which coma trom wasmng
inodern war would result i-afton.
I The Chronicle's reasoning is
t seems about to be realized .iu the . based upon a mania to find fault.
reported engagement between the It is worthy only of amused tolera
'; German aud allied forces in Bel-: tion. The charitable view is that
- elum Along a battle front of j the Chronicle does not take even
. fL mu hundreds of thou-! itself seriously, else it would not
sands of men are in deadly con-;
, ril.
" tt to thla time Mukden, the
final battle of tne war between ! f ially afraid of, competition through
Japan and Russia, was propably J the building of a second canal,
the greatest one in tho history of ; What this country fears and . pro
the world in respect to duration Poses to forestall is the building
' and number of men involved. a canal by ome European
More than tSOO.OOO men were en-jPwr. to be owned and operated.
; caged in that struggle which lasted j not in behalf of the world's com-
nearly three weeks, during part'merce, but for the especial benefit
of which" the opposing lines werei foreign ships. It is pot a ques
; extended over a front of more 1 "on of canal competition but of
than eighty miles. ' j American integrity.
The inventions of peace, have! Presumably the Chronicle is op
i made it pomible to concentrate, j Psed to maintenance of the Mon
' feed direct and move vast armies. roe doctrine. The Nicaraguan
The commander-in-chief of today j treaty is supplemental to that doc
docs not fritter away his forces . trine. It proposes to keep Eu
ln minor operations .but collects ! rPe 8 hands oft valuable American
every available man to strike at a 1 territory which has value princi
decisive point. Battles are now Pally because of its bearing upon
won in the years that precede ! American or European control of
them. A vast store of energy is.""- " cuunucms.
accumulated in a long period of
preparation and organization. War
has become a scientific process.
Every discovery of applied science
la made to contribute to the sol
dier. Wireless telegraphy has fa'
cllitated the communication of or
der). Aerial navigation has changed
the conditions of conflict. The
aeroplane and rfirahlp not only
serve as eyes with which to view
a large expanse of territory but
may realize the poet's vision of
"the' nations' airy navies grappling
In the central blue."
As the present battle exceeds
that of Mukden in number of men
tngaged and in length of line it
will also probably excede It In loss
of life. The toll of the modern j
battle is a heavy one. That of
Mukden Is estimated to have
been 40,000 killed and 120.000
wounded,
A compensating feature In the
immense development of war is
that the extent of the struggle, the
huge cost in money and lives ,
makes nations hesitate more than
ever to appeal to the sWord.
THK PAPAL CONCLAVE
P'
lRESS dispatches state that the
rigorous rules governing the
procedure in a jiapal election
may be modified In the con
clave now assembling to choose a
" auccessor to Pius X. It is nearly
three hundred years since the pres
ent ' regulations were formulated.
They require that ten days after
the death of a pope the cardinals
Shall meet. As the word conclave
denotes, they assemble behind
locked doors. Each cardinal takes
with him a secretary and one ser
vant. The Sacred College, when
full, ' numbers seventy members.
They with their attendants and
the prescribed officials make a
body of not more than 250 persons.
Late comers may be admitted but
no one can return lo the outer
world until a choice la made.
The conclave lives in common.
With only the simplest food al-
, lowed it. Its meals are supplied
through a window. Each cardinal
baa his own cell with the plainest
of furnishings. Two votes are cast
. daily. In the morning and the
evening. The ballots are burned
' as soon as counted. If no candi
date hag received the necessary two
, .thirds' vote straw is burned with
them, to make smoke. This is the
only hint of ttw progress of the
- election which Is given to tae
world. Morning and evening' a
. . crowd gathers to watch the chim
ey above the apartments of the
Vatican set aside for the conclave.
wnen smoke rises from it, the
watchers only know that for at
least " twelve hours no decision
- . will be reached. ,
The strict confinement and the
austere mode of life are often a
. hardship to aged or infirm cardi
; nals. They were Instituted to
1 check abases which grew up In the
" Middle Ages. Then the Papacy was
prize for which warring factions
. strove and Intrigue " often blocked
or swayed an election. In the
Thirteenth century there was an
. . Interregnum ; of two years and
ine months before a choice was
. . aade. Finally the enraged popu-
lace of Vlterbo,, where the car--r
dlnals were .assembled, shut them
up in a tower and left them on
bread and water until they reached i
an agreement. After several cen
turies of unseemly contentions,
Gregory XV decreed the method
of procedure still "followed. A re-
-" " ouubco
possipxe ana stringent isolation .is i
not needed to secure a fair; and
untrammeled choice.. It Is not
strange that a protest, against the
rigia restrictions necessary in tne
past is making itself heard. ?
THIS IS'JCARAGUAN TREATY.
T
HE San Francisco Chronicle
has discovered a strange' ob
jection to the , Nicaraguan
eays that the Wilson administra-1
Hon. "which TmfftSRP to ahhor I
monopoly, proposes to esta-blish the
most ruthless monopoly the world
has ever seen." This is the Chron
icle's argument:
The relations of this country to
Aiha natlAna An -i ri 11ff ai f.i-Am
f hna rx m ctrx r inHlvliia m tif anv n a-
. iion. ?f there i mg;alwronrin in- .
dlvlduald obtaining control of
and
Mocking up natural resources, there
is even greater depravity in such
action by a nation. A mere state
ment of the situation is sufficient
. to show the grounds for the utter
contempt with which the world and
' all those who care for morals of any
iklnd will regard the professions or
expect
others to heed its false
,vs"'
The United States is not espe-
EXTREMELY DISINGENUOUS
s
ENATOR ROOT of New York
is an able man but even an
able man cannot bolster up
a weak cause. This was ex-
t mpiiueu in a siriKing manner in
his address at the New York state
Republican convention last week.
He said the delay in organizing
the new banking and currency law
had had an. ill effect upon the
country. He omitted to explain
that this delay was due to the ob
structive tactics of his Republican
colleagues in the senate. He did
not point out the self evident fact
that the mere promise of a reform
which his party never accomplished
reassure! credit and business even
in the chaos of European war.
He complained that a Demo
cratic administration had not been
able to complete the solution of
the trust problem in a few months.
He did not rfirall thot Mo
lem wag inherited from Republican
administrations
administrations
It may be true as Senator Root
charged that the states having the
largest cities within their borders
pay the greatest part of the in-!
come tax. Yet there are many
people who will not overlook the
fact that the wealth thus reached
for the first time has been drawn
from all the other states.
If the distinguished senator had
been able to lay aside his charac
ter as a partisan advocate he would
have endorsed in reference to Dem
ocratic currency legislation the
words of A. L. Mills, president of
the First National Bank of Port
land, who speaking on this sub
ject at the Commercial Club re
cently, said:
These United Statrs were never in
pounder financial condition than they
are today. There is no danger of
financial panic nor shall we ever see
again such panics as we have had
in the past.
The weakness of Senator Root's
argument probably explains his
reason for not being a candidate
for reelection.
THE COMING STRUGGLE
r
T IS plain that caDital and
4i
labor are both organizing
on the Pacific Coast for a
serious clash."
This is the conclusion drawn by
Professor Commons, member of
the Commission on Industrial Re
lations, from the public hearings
so far held In the cities of the Pa
cific slope. The words have an
ominous sound. They Imply that
capital and labor, instead of seek
ing a peaceful solution of their
troutLea by mutual concession and
a spirit of tolerance, are prepar
ing for industrial war.' W7e are
watchng with growing horror the
outcome of Europe's old belief
that war must be the arbiter in
her international rivalries. Are
we going to -permit the great in
dustrial forces of our national life
to s marshal themselves for battle
and resort to violence and bitter
strife? Are we going to have
class war?
The problem of a fair .distribu
tion of profits between capital and
labor must be solved just as surely
as the European problem of the
balance of power. We must face
it. It comes home to evorv nnn
of, os. If we let it be settled ( by
an appeal to force, a trial of brute
strength. It means for us the same
legacy of hatred, the same crush'
ing load of debt, the Same heavy
burden, of bereavement - and sor
row that Europe will have on her
ouuuiuen wiicu euw una nwu
uy me swora once more.
have Hhrown the weight . of
j)ar influence and example on the
fcide of arbitration between nations.
Blue oi, aruxu uiiou uetwceu uiiiiuus. 4
We are.detennlned to find a betterl
way than war to promote interna
tional peace and justice. We are
united in our opposition to mili
tarism. " But it is the spirit of mili
tarism which would marshal and
equip the ranks, of capital and
labor, concentrate their forces in
industrial centers, fill their war
wun goia. stuay tne strat
egy or attacK ana aerense, spy
upon and corrupt the enemy if
possible.
This is the spirit which, if un
checked, will drag us into a life
onii 4ntV ... rf .
a. . . '. . A
wnea outoreaK- is surely the
ulj, ui very patriot, it aepenas
upon the temper , of the nation
whether arbitration and its benefi
cent results shall be our choice or
a trial of brute strength and the
horrors of fraternal strife. It is
not too late to stem the tide of
hostilities, but it is time we were
awake to the danger and ready to
meet it by the propaganda of peace
and good will.
ALWAYS APPLICABLE
1
N TIME of war there are always
self appointed critics who ex
plain how (battles should be
fought and point out the mis
takes of commanders in the field.
The present period is no exception
to the rule. In every club, before
every bulletin board and wherever
men foregather artf these self con
stituted boards of strategy who tell
how the war should be conducted
and what its issue will be.
It was the same in Assyria, in
Persia, in Egypt, in Greece and in
Rome. What the real fighting
men think of these military critics
was well stated by Lucius Emilius
Paul us, a Roman general, who was
selected to conduct the campaign
against the Macedonians in B
C. 168.
' -
Livy tells us that Paulus went
out of the Senate chamber and
addressed the people thus:
In every circle and truly at every
table there are people who lead
armies into Macedonia, who know
where the camp ought to be placed,
what posts ought to be occupied by
troops, when and throug-h what pass
Macedonia Bhould be entered. They
not only determine what is best to
oe aone put if anythin is rinno in
any other manner than they have
pointed out they arraign the consul
as if ha were on his trial.
After giving his opinion that
commanders should be, counseled
by skilled and experienced men
and by those who are present at
the scene of action, Paulus Invited
any one who thought himself qual
ified to give advice to go with htm
into Macedonia at his expense.
With a fine sarcasm he added
that if this was too much trouble
for the critic who preferred the
repose of a city life to the toils
of war he should not on land as
sume the office of a pilot.
His parting shot was.
The city in itself furnishes abun
dance of topics for conversation. Let
the critic confine his passion for
talking and rest assured that we
shall be content with such counsels
as shall be framed within our camp.
limes and customs change but
human nature never.
AN AMERICAN PEACE DAY
T
HE St. Louis ReDublic urn.
poses that August 13 he es
tablished as Peace Day in
the United States. That fay
is . selected because it ' was August
13 that the United States Senate
ratified eighteen arbitration treat
ies with that many countries. The
Republic says:
Why should not August 13, the day
Upon which, with all Europe at war.
the senate of the United States rati
fied eighteen arbitration treaties, be
set apart to be observed as . Peace
Day each year throughout the length
and breadth of the land? We have a
oay lor thanksgiving for the bless
ings bestowed on us as a nation.
Why should we not establish this
new festival, looking, not backward at
the harvest of the past, but forward.
where the bow of promise spans the
horizon or the future?
It is urged that such a festival
would be a mighty incentive to
action. There must be agitation,
education, the making of agree
ments, the drafting of further
treaties, the healing of old wounds.
There should be general demand
that nations be placed in such re
lations to each other that the
chances of war will be reduced to
a minimum. Men are expected to
live peaceably together; why not
nations? '
The Republic's suggestion has
merit. Inthe face of ridicule, op
posed by interests which profit
from war. Secretary Bryan per
sisted in his effort to place the
United States first among nations
of the world to officially adopt a
peace policy. The eighteen treaties
ratified by the senate constitute
an olive branch held out ' to the
world. They say that neither
America nor any of the other
eighteen nations will engage upon
war until they have paused, to de
termine whether the trouble can
be settled without bloodshed. It
is the common sense way to look
at international disputes -he way
that men- of intelligence ' look at
their own affairs.
The Republic is right In saying
that President Wilson and Secre
tary Bryan desired to attack the
J problem of better International re-
lations at its source. .That source
Is a willingness to discuss the trou
ble before tha fight starts.
y.toj
That, it is a waste of money
macadamize roads on which there
s a heavy automobile trailic. nas
been demonstrated t in a Jtoreef ul
n(a,aner on the Hillside Park Drive,
lately , constructed " by the city.
After only a few weeds' use it was
. . . . . x. , ,
fo.?inat SQr,face he t0 ,
was giving away in certain, spots, i
It would have been economy in
the long run to have Jut a hard
surface on the entire drive instead
of only a portion of it.
Letters Frpm the, People
(Ceinn-.snlcatloBa sent to Tba Journal for
OUblictuoo in this department abould be writ
ten oo only one clde of the paper, should wt
exceed 3ou words in length and must ba ac
companied by tbe name and addreaa of tba
sender. If tbe writer doea not desire to
bava tbe uaine publUlied, be abould so atate.)
"Discussion la tbe greatest of all reform
era. It rationalizes ererytbing It touches. It
robs principles of all false sanctity and
throws them back on their reasonableness. If
tbey bare no reasonableness. It' ruthlessly
crushes them oat of existence and sets up Its
own conclusions la their stead." Wood. row
Wilson.
Mr. King Says Drys Beaten.
Portland, Aug. 25. To the Editor of
The Journal Oregon will go wet, two
to one, judging from the observations
I made on a tour of the state. The
European war has upset all calcula
tions of the drys. The government is
going to levy a $100,000i000 tax on
luxuries to offset the loss of xluties,
consequently the people will be taxed
enough and they will not throw the
saloon license money away and add
more taxes. The voters are conserva
tive and say, "Let well enough alone."
W. S. U'Ren, who is a shrewd politi
cian, has rejected the Prohibition nom
ination because he. knew it would drag
him.M .1 . If. i . .
v cinvncu, OOIU 1U1UWO XIV, W lu I
nlav nolitlna hAttPr than h W kno i
that the Prohibition nomination would !
be a millstone around his neck in the 1
political sea. j
Apother straw that shows how the :
Wind is blowing is the fact that ex
Governor Geer and Mr. Brownell, ex
president of the state senate, who both
worked so hard and put prohibition as
the principal plank in their platforms, i
were badly beaten in the Republican
primaries. These men were very pop
ular, but "monkeying" with prohibi
tion caused their defeat. The voters,
in the face of disturbance and turmoil
all over the world, will leave condi- j
tlons as they are, rather than Invite j
business changes and business con-
iracuon witn wnicn iney are not. ia
miliar.
After all, prohibition makes people
so stingy that they will not spend a
nickel. And that's what the voters
are afraid of, for they know that the
"luxuries of life give work to many
thousands of men. When people pur
chase only the necessaries of life, em
ployment is given to but few, but when
people purchase luxuries many more
have employment. I pity the dryw, but
who can help them? Let them work
for laws that will provide for pure
liquor, rather than destroy the beautt
ful cropa of hops and other fruits of
God's creation. CHAS. H. KING.
Women Who Will Vote Wet.
Portland, Aug. 85. To the Editor of
The Journal One of the things which
many of us dislike about this prohibi
tion campaign is the lowering of our
ideals of womanhood. The most of us
have been taught to look up to women
the champions and defenders of
purity, honor, -temperance, peace, the
home and the nation. Yet nere in Ore
gon we have an organization of wom
en defending the licensed saloon. Does
the saloon stand for any of the above
things?
I talk with men on this suoject,
and some big. red faced, coarse voiced
think that I am
man says. "Do you
eoinsr to give up my pleasure m driqit-
ing because som'e fool can't control
himself? . Not If I know myself. What
is my personal liberty for?" This is
in effect what this league of women
stand for. My ideal of womankind is
too high to permit me to believe that
there are many such in Oregon.
It is hard to unclerstana airs, uuni-
way's point of view. She surely Know
that the women owe no thanks to the
liquor interests for their enfranchise
ment. If the suffrage organizations
of this state had come out and said.
"Give us the right to vote and we will
work and voje for and with the liquor
Interests," what would have been the
result on election day 7 suppose they
try that kind of argument in the east
ern states, and see where they land.
We are all very glad to read that Mrs.
Duniway's family escaped this curse.
I gather that she ascribes it to her
teaching and to the licensed saloon.
Now, I know a number of mothers who
tried as hard as they could to teach
their children temperance and had the
licensed saloon to help them, too. But
something was wrong. These mothers
lost. It seems to me the mothers in
Oregon whose sons have escaped this
curse should, as a thank-offering, rise
up and vote the liquor business out of
the state, - ROBERT GREGG.
Republican Endorses Flegel.
Clatskanie, Or., Aug. 24. To the
Editor of The Journal My friend, the
Honorable A. F. Flegel, is the Demo
cratic candidate for congress from the
third district. As I have known Mr.
Flegel for many ' years, I feel that I
am in a position to give testimony to
his real worth - as a man who is up
right, honest, capable and fair in his
dealings with his feliowmen, regard
less of political affiliations.
The labels, Democrat, Republican,
Progressive or Prohibitionist, should
not be the thought uppermost ln our
minds when considering candidates. We
should vote for the best man.
At the present time we need men at
Washington who are thoroughly com
petent to grapple with the great prob
lems that confront us as a nation.
I, with many others who usually
vote the Republican ticket, have can
vassed the situation carefully and have
agreed that Mr.-Flegel is the one man
In the race for whom all can safely
vote. -
I have gladly volunteered my assist
ance, without any solicitation upon his
part, REV. CHAS. T, M'PHERSON.
The $1500 Exemption Bill.
Oregon City, Or.. Aug. 21. To the
Editor of The -Journal I read a letter
from John Blair, of Portland, giving
his reasons for thinking this exemp
tion Dill wouia carry -just Decauae the
Oregonian was fighting it" That will
why it should be adopted. E. F.-Riley, I class. , U PURCELL,
of PortlanV wrote a very Interesting ! -
letter in the Oregon Farmer of August j, Questions.
IB, showing the bad effects of this bill, ; La Grande. Or., Aug. 22. To the Ed
which I wish everyone could read. It ; tor of The Journal A "foreign
is a. bill that comes nearest being per- 1 brewers' association of New York is
fectly void of justice of any bill I ever
saw. Taxes are supposed to be levied
Justly, but-this bill favors ope class,
and hurts two. : It makes a distinct
division - of the taxpayers, and favors
the middle class,- and particularly
kurts the - poor class, who are juat
A FEW SMILES
. At the time of the Volturno 4ia.s
for a UtoMrv Atwitlrt fft nor! nin
New York newspaper ai acting &s
substitute ' for a
copy reader who
was UL It fell to
him to write a
head for the story
of the disaster. The
story was 'full of
'tlTrWoi Touis'e. and iie was told to .
condense them all In a biff black line
to extend" across the page, leading the
paper. Hf thought for some time, tore
up several attempts, and finally sub
mitted this: "Oh,- Restless Sea!"
Everybody's Magazine.
A poet was walking with Tallyrand
in the street, and at the same time
reciting some of his
own verses. Talley
rand, perceiving at
a short distance a
man yawning, point
ed him out to his
friend, saying:
"Not so loud; he hears you."
A tourist in Ireland, driving along a
country .road, drew the jarvey'B at
tention to a mis
erable looking tat
terdemalion by the
roadside and re
marked: "What a
shocking thing it
is to see a man In
such rags and misery."
"Begorra, then, yer honor," replied
the driver, with the characteristically
Irish desire to put a good face on
everything, "that's not from poverty
at all, at all. The truth Is that the
man's so tlcklesoms that sorra a
tailor in the counthry can attempt to
take his measure."
starting on a home, and have nothing
to exempt, by raising the rate of tax
on the assessed valuation of their
to a frightful extent, to help
nla UP Ior Brcal exemptions
iven t the middle class and the rich,
1 have talked with a good many men
who had not studied this bill carefully.
and who thought it would be lust the
bill for the poor man, because it would
glye him $1500 exemption Just at the
time he would need it most, when he
was. tirst starting, and when I told
tnem they would have no exemption
until they had Improvements and per
sonal property to exempt; and that a
man and his wife that had plenty
j could each be exempted $1500, and that
his land would be assessed extra to
make up for their great exemption,
they Invariably condemned the bill
as unjust. This bill would help me, but
it would hurt all three of my sons and
thousands more with them. Therefore,
I say that no man that loves Justice
Rhmil.1 Qiinnnrt thla Villi
fill
I"" - 'flS-
GEORGE HICINBOTHAM compelled him to raise others of a
strictly ecclesiastical type, of momeu-
The Uses of Alcohol. ous lmPtoltanc- rn ""compromls-
. I inS attitude he maintained under
Balem. Or Aug. 21. To the Editor ; cvery Btralnmust always command
of The Journal Charles A. King's J a certain admiration even among his
latest statement is that alcohol Is a j critics, but its wisdom and enlight
valuable medicinal agent. enment, at least from the worldly
Away, you German scientists who
. I
cotic poison!
Do you physicians who
have declared that alcohol is a false
stimulant expect the free-born Amerl- I
can people to believe? What though
you have experimented 30 years?
Back to the woods, you French phy
sicians and scientific investigators
who declare that the tubercular death
rate in France is heaviest In the sec
tions where most wine is "consumed!
"tVe know better; our champions tel!
us that wine drinking in France has
solved the problem. Do you think Proacnea wun certain counties, uu.
we will believe those 8wiss invest!- th expropriation of tho church prop
gators who tell us that alcohol de- ! erty- tn expulsion of the religious or
creases efficiency? We will not even ers and tne complete secularization of
h.li. rt,o11 Thlr, th. fmm. education he denounced as godless wrfr-
liquor champion, because he was silly
enough to say 65,000 adults are killed wle dt...
each year In the United States by al- j spoliation and persecution from the
cohol. The German emperor was hyp- mundane point tf view. He Imposed
notized when he made that speech in ! n tbe French clergy a policy of pas
whinh h wnmPd tnP Oormpn oa,w ! ve resistance and appealed for the
aeainst the use of liauor. W, simnlv
won t patronise tne hospitals that
have almost quit using alcohol; we
will build hospitals of our own,, where
we can use all the alcohol we want
We know it ia a great medicine!
whpr. will thP. frM nrt? 'w !
don't the advocates of the saloon plead
its cause on the ground of alcohol
being indispensable food? Perhaps !
they will next! This letter of Mr.
King's leads us to expect almost any
thing. II. G. M'CAIN.
The Hunting. Embargo.
Corbett, Or., Aug. 24. To the Ed
itor of The Journal Recently Govern
or West Issued an edict barring hunt
ers from the woods during the pres
ent dry spell. It is well to exercise
every precaution to prevent forest
fires, but their origin cannot be laid
wholly to the hunters. I would like to
ask why hunters were barred, and no'
restriction placed on campers and fish
ermen, file experienced hunter is far
more cautions, from a point of self
preservation If nothing more. He
knows the danger of being hemmed in
or cut off. fromretreat. I venture to
say more fires are started by camp
ers from the city who are merely
seeking outdoor recreation and the
novel experience of living a spell in
the wilds. I never knew a real hunter
and sportsman neglect to dampen and
thoroueb.lv extinguish his camDfire be -
fore leaving It. This is open season
for deer, etc., but the hunter Is denied
the privilege of hunting them, while
others more careless are at liberty to
go in and light fires. The danger Is
not removed by keeping the hunters
alone out; the fishermen and campers
build campfires also.
. C. B. DEVERELI
Drys in Saskatchewan.
Milton, Or,, Aug. 21. To the Editor :
of The . Journal In the province of i she have been suppressed by the Wash
Saskatchewan, Canada, in which I have . ingtonians as a foreigner from Oregon
my home, there are now about 850 local j wno waa "butting in" in the same
farmers associations with a central ; ' ,ho tu. rvmhttdtton snpakf.
. office at Moose Jaw. In Moose Jaw
last r eoruary ai mir luiocuuuu inert
were, more than 800 delegates. When
,the question of banishing the bar was
put, the whole assembly rose as one
man and voted for the prohibition of
the retail sale of liquor in the province
of Saskatchewan. None of these dele
gates was selected with any consider
ation for the attitude he would as
sume on this question.
They did not
even know that they would be called
upun iu vote vn iv. taa ui mee ue-
i egates was more or less ox a leader in
; his own district They were men. who
circulating wet literature in our state,
Does Mi Bishop object to this Interfere
1 ence in our local affairs by the far off
. aliens'of JJew York?
i a few - years ago the writer heard
j Mrs. Duniway lecturing iiv the state of
Washington on equal rights. Should
PERTINENT COMMENT
UMALL " CHANGE
Please others and 'you may please
yourself. . ' . ' .
. . :'
It looks as if It might be Nippon
tuck at Kiao Chau.
. a
Beware of people whose politeness
Is inclined to slop over.
a
The heyday of youth isn't in it with
tbe payday of manhood.
--mm
Better' a $10 wedding suit than a
110,000 breach, of promise suit.
Many a politician has found it easier
to make a record than to explain it.
a a
Even the sarcastic woman cuts out
her cutting remarks when' she has an
ax to grind.
a e
One wonders what all these military
critics do for a living when there is no
war In progress.
With the war doubling the price of
tin. the full dinner pail Is catching It
both Inside and out.
a
We anxiously await the day when
all the knockers and kickers will get
together and fight it out.
a a
Still, Job's patience wasn't taxed to
the limit if nis next door neighbor
didn t own a 11.98 phonograph
Don't think because a woman de
clares she has the best husband in
the world that she has any Idea of
meeting mm in heaven.
. The dedication of that Swedish-Nor
wegian peace monument, which took
place a week ago last Sunday, is not
likely to have any effect so far as
shortening the war is concerned
AN ESTIMATE
From the New York Sun.
History will no doubt coincide Vith
his contemporaries in seeing In Pope
Pius X two personalities. Regarding
the man hlmBelf, Giuseppe Sarto, there
will be no two opinions. Universal
reverence and affection will be ac
corded to him. His amiability of dis
position, his simplicity of life, benev
olence of purpose and salntliness of
spirit will have recognition at all hands
and will rank him among the most
beautiful characters in the long line
of Roman pontiffs. As a man and
a priest the respect in which he was
held was extended rar beyond the
limits . of his own flock.
a - a
Regarding his career as pope there
will always be much controversy. That
It was animated by intensely religious
ideals will not be disputed, but there
will probably be di&cussion to the end
of history as to his accord in spirit
and intellect with tho age in which
he lived. From the very opening of
his pontificate-he was confronted with
severe trials. Grave Issues of politics
were forced on him and his conscience
Plnt r vlew nave Deenna no ?0U,Dt
will continue to be subjects of de-
To the world in general the most
portentious feature of his reign was
the estrangement or the Vatican from
the French republio because of the
law of separation and the expulsion
of the religious orders from France.
From the outset the pope refused to
hold any terms with the leaders of the
a'nti-clerical movement which con
trolled French destinies. He was will
ing to negotiate regarding modifica
tions of the Concordat, had he been ap-
far upon all religion and morality in
support of the laity in a spirit of mar-
tyrdom.
His course was watched by the
world with many doubts. Even within
the church organization in France
there was much misgiving as to the re-
6ults' though haly any ? CtTA ,
or opposition. Pius remained deaf to
ai ugtion of yielding "elying on
ground with unflinching faith even to
the point whereat he was charged with
NOW IS THE TIME
By John M. Oskison.
When hard tims hit a city, the
workers know that tho time is ripe for
living economically, when crop failure
hits a farming community Its members
know what it 's to eat less and wear
cheaper clothes.
When America realizes what the Eu
ropean war means in the way of de
creased production and a startling in
crease of demand for capital, we will
see that it is time for us to practice
thrift ' '
A newspaper tells me this morning
that In another month I won't "be ablo
to buy any imported champagne. (I
Bhould worry!) An expert of finance
and trade says that the apples anr.
j sugar and rice and tea and potatoes I
i bu' will be more costly because of the
war ln Europe; and I should Indeed
worry about that!
From many directions the 5raln on
our resources Is going to be felt. The
prices, of needful things will go up
many have already responded to thO;
theory that ttie unusual demand will
cause a shortage. Demands for fresh
capital to . finance the war needs of
Europe will come to us in increasing
volume.
j frnm nfhar atM ar doine htre to-
day?
Ella M. Finney haa shown by a re
cent letter that if ahe were raising
"the beautiful poppy" Instead of hops
she would defend the use arid sale of
opium as she does now the sale of
booze. If ehe were in the undertak
ing business would she fight against
a ti i. nanltaHr nrs u a'trPU n 11 ftrfl Tl t in Vf'll
i tlons or nv laws likely to lesen
,. j..h v. m.ir hr hnsi-
ness
; Gur nati0nal emblem Is supposed to
; eDresnt eVerv citizen of the United
and
one of tife wet writers that we brand
every habitual drunkard witn a little
flag. Waa it, her plan to ah6w the in
dividual responsibility of every man
and woman in" the nation who has a
vote? If eo, it waa a happy thought.
Mb. Ruth saya "custom makes laws"
and that "all laws are simply the cus
toms of tbe people coined into legal
Verbiage. Ia It custom to pay taxes
without law, and doe custom make
our tax and revenue laws? Does cus
tom, make our fish- and - game laws?
Did custom make law abolishing hu-
AND NEWS IN BRIEF
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
The Brownsville Times believes that
"now is the time for the nations of
the western hemisphere to form a hol
low square and attend to their jown
business."
Pendleton East Oregonian: The pop
ularity of the bund concerts again
proves the wtsdom of holding such
summer concerts. Furthermore it !
food training for the band and every
iv e town needs a good band.
Water has risen to the top of the
drill hole in Athena's second artesian
well and the expert in charge of opera-
nuns utiicves a. guener win uo ;
opened. The drill had gone down about
300 feet when the flow began. j
a a -Coqullle
Sentinel: Coquille has the
aspeet of the traditional deserted vil
lage this week, while eo many of our
Citizens are improving the gloriously
golden houra by camping in the for
ests, by the streams and at the ocean
shore. Never were days more perfect
than these. Coqullle people can in a
short walk or ride reach places that
are well the envy of summer resorts,
which people of the plains and cities
often travel thousands of miles to take
advantage of.
The growth of thrift and other vir
tues at Weston is clearly indicated by
the Leader, which testifies: "Wes
toa has a right to preen itself over its
peaceful .atmosphere, having managed
so tar to jret througrn tne narvest sea
Bon without a single arrest. Harvest
t'otvviviality has usually led each year
to the collection of a few fines by the
city, but this season most of he boV
are both economical and discreet. They ;
want to know next winter what they
have done with their summer s wages.
OF POPE PIUS X
obstinacy. Passing over all the details
of the struggle, it cannot be denied
that in a certain way the church in
France has greatly profited by it.
Though losing Ub vast wealth and the
state Buhsidy o pay its elergy, and
though having the use of its churches
and the requisites of its ceremonial
only on sufferance, it has ben visited
with a notable wave of piety. Hun
dreds of thousands have become prac
tising Catholics who before were luke
warm; the attendance at churches has
more than doubled. Finally, the active
spirit of hostility which undeniably af
fected officials in the early days of
separation has disappeared and some
thing more than toleration is accord
ed by the government to the church.
The broad campaign which the pope
instituted against "modernism" in the
church was the second in notability,
though really, perhaps, the first in im
portance, of his great trials. In this he
aimed to stem the movement among
i t i i u i n nemo iiu icauitci Cf IU I PtUU"
cile the teachings of modern science
with th(se of Holy Writ and sacred
tradition. Conceiving this tendency to
be a preat evil, to be in fact the un
dermining of faith with an insidious
materialism, he placed it under the
most sweeping censures, denouncing
against it thehigher excommunication
not only for writers or speakers pro
claiming the false doctrine but also
for their followers and even for those
who gave them a hearing. What the
actual results of this, as it has been
called, reactionary course may be, it
is impossible to say. A few noted In
tellects were cut off from the church
by their rerusai to retract tneir views, s Bound country, and not finding a vet
But probably a generation must elapse , sel bound to Pugt sound, bought the
before it can lie. judged whether the j Orbit at a very reuKonable fiK :re nnl
decree has had any serious effect upon took her north. Thy wold her at T.im
Cathollclsm or even whether the mod- water. . .Shortly afterward ki.o w
er'nlstic Impulse has been effectively
killed in the fold.
In matters of administration Pius She wus taken bck to the sound. oHd
X was a notable reformer. Much of j d with piling, and rent to Honolulu,
his work is of high utility. He re- , lisabl-d in a r.ulc. si.o drilled into
organized the Vatican finances. He re- j Ksiiuimalt. wht-re the Hu l.io i s l;ay
moved English and American Catholl-- j company bought hrr for Hutu). Mr.
clsm from the jurisdiction of the Prop- ' Ieonurd bought her of the Hudson 'h
aganda, making of them true nation.il ' 1?a:' company, and, buying a loud of
rhurches. lie purified church music j f f ;l1 at Nanainio, he orought it to
bv forbidding the use of secular forms, j Portland for the Manufacture of gas.
He appointed a commission to revise . T- J- IJ-ycr. It. writli K of tin- new en.
the canon law and another to restore . terprise lu the Weekly Oregonian.
the pure text or the Vulsrate as St. j under date or Januaiy- :1. HOD. Bays:
Jerome, left it. HC pushed ahead tho ;' "The works of th Portland t la.-dislit
reconstruction of the Curia to accord , company, now in proci of erection,
with modern needs. f'111 ir f"11 oPrnron by April 1.
The reign of Pius was Just a few 1 A portion of the, miuhinery. now over-
1v. mor than 11 vpars In duration.
It was a term of stress snd tribula
tion to which the pope showed hlm-
self equal at least In courage and will
power. He wilh not rank among th
great wearers of the trip! crown, but
v. m itv in l,i,trv .. ,..
gained the respect of Christendom m
his own day and left his Impress
Mrongly on his time.
TO PRACTICE THRIFT
Unless we are thrifty during this .
period of war and the following period
of reconstruction, we Are likely to find .
ourselves In the position of the prodl- '
pal spender who does not alter his wav )
of living when the mills shut down or :
the crop falls. Certainly we shall miss
one of tho very bst lnvptment oppor
tunities a people ever had.
When the exchanges of the country
closed, prices of the Very befit securi
ties had dropped nearly to the level of ,
the panic market of 1907; and that
was a reVel far below actual values. !
w nen trie marKcts reopen there is go
ing to be a long period of low prices.
for the competition for capital in our !
markets will be so keen that the own
ers of money can command exceptional
returns for its use.
Hut you won't le able to make any
profit out of sn intention to save.
What Is wanted now and will be wanted
still more as the war progresses, is the
cash of the people who have been able
to save. Qut of the resources of the
nation's thrifty will come the relief
from excessive prices, as well as the
salvation of the struggling people of
France.
man slaveijy? Are the laws against
gambling, prizefighting; opium smok
ing and lotteries made by custom?
Any answers that the liquor forces
might make to these questions would
look as silly to us as the questions do
to them, but if the questions and
answers are the means of attracting
the -attention of the honest but yn.'onr well known mundane ptage some
concerned votfcrs and start them to ; three and forty years ago, of shbwahop
thinking on the great issue, our cause lineage?
Is safe. "UNCLE JARVE" EMlOH. Who came, like fearle Iocblnvar,
from out the golden west and made the
Interest on "Last Half." j Great White Way ait up and say, "Pro-
Orand P.onde, Or.. Aug. 22. To the batum e8t"7 ,
Editor of The Journal Please let me! Wno 8htu, " stoclt M Shakespeare
know through vour columns if it is to. but !Be,J lhe Hall of Fame till
legal to collect interest oii last half of Belaco on toe boards wrote
taxes, paid before the firt of Sep- hlh and wl'Je her name? . r
ternber. M. PETERSEN. 1 who made good In Us wild west
This question cannot be mo an-1 now ln wnfn le Birl who
swered as to coverall counties of thiajfoUe4 the sheriff for the man ,(who,
at so.h f.oi!.etim ia iri ,i., WM no duke nor earl)?
the law as it stands, but in some coun- Who " known to all the footlight
ties Judicial action has been taken tOifanf. in Jfcht.and forty state the
avoia intercut payment on last half.
notably in Multnomah. Th county
commissioners in certain other coun
ties have adopted the status that has
been brought to pass in Multnomah.
In the case of fbe present Inquirer, all
depends upon the action if any, taken
by the courts in Yamhill county or by
the county commissioners.
IN EARLIER DAYS
By Fred LockJey.
8omelme ago. while vlaitlns at the
home of a pioneer resident of Port
land, the subject came up of the light
of other days. "I don't-suppose there
are many Portland homes where you
could find lamp of this kind.", said
the lady of the house, as she handed
me a heavy metal lamp consisting of it
an iron barrel with a double burner. T
vuv oi uie ota wnaie-ou lamps
which on special occasions we used In
place of the tallow candles. Here Is
our. oia candle laolfl, in which, as ia T
girl, I molded most of the caudles we '
used. In the '60s the Oregon newspa--pera
used to carry among their Cali
fornia advertisements the announce
ment by Stanford Bros., proprietors of1:
the Pacific Oil and CampUene works .
at San Francisco, of their celebrated
'burning fluid,' adapted to all kinds of
fluid lamps. Soon a new form of lamp
came into use. In place of tnt iron
whale-oil lamp with the double-barreled
burner, this new lamp had a glass
bowl and a marble or mttal base, so
that it would not tip over. The oil
was not properly refined, and we used
to have some exciting times when the
flame shot up as if it was utiout to
explode. In fact, the lamps did ex
plode every once in a while Today
we press a button and flood our homes
with light. When I was a Krl. trim
ming the lamp wickrs, uan.iij; the
chimneys and rilling the lamps was as
much a part of the household routlnt
as scouring, the ste l kiuvea and forks
with brick dust or v.v.,Hiiiig the dishes.
We didn't know anything about the
light-producing posibuitics of carbon
ized filaments, platinum, osmium, tan
talum and all the other i leuunls which
we of today take us a mutter of
course."
H. L. Leonard, who utill lives here
and on sunny days nuy be etn on the
streets.' is the man to whom Portland'
is indebted for its first real system of
municipal lighting. A few barrels of
whale oil from New Htdford. Mass., or
the humble tallow candle might do for
towns of minor linpoi turioe, but he had
a vision of Portland as the metropolis
of the west at a time, too, when San
Francisco had 10 people to Portland's
one. The only cities west of the
Rocky mountains in 1S59 to be Illu
minated with gas were Sari Francisco
and Sacramento, in talking with Mr.
Leonard recently he told me of visit
ing San FranClsco and of investigating
the gas-lighting system thre. -He de
termined that Portland should be illu
minated with gas. He a(.d his Itre
iong friend and long-time partner, John
Gren. applied to the city council for
a gas franchise, which was Kranted.
0reKon waa 'no
t yet a state, they
were required to neoure a franchise
from the territorial government also.
They were granted their tranchlise by
tho territorial legislature, and-In 1859
they were rudy to begin building their
gas works.
John Groen went to Trenton, N. J..
and ordered the machinery and iron
pipe, while Mr. l.eonai'i went to Vic
toria, where lie touKi.t Hie brig Orbit
to carry coal from Nana'.mo. The
Orbit was brought around. the ilorn In
1819 by a party of miners. Iaie in
the fall of IS 49 siie wan purchased at
San Francisco by li. Shaw, Colonel
I. X. Kbey and some others, uho. anx
ious to secure pashurfo to th Puget
caught in havy weuliitr on the Colum
bia bar and Abandoned. Bho .birtcd
i into Haker's bay and was recovered.
Que ln Ba" ' rpncisco. nas not yet sr-
I rived. The company hav already
erected spacious and siihatiini 11 brick
i buildings for the retort ho.if.-A, puri
fying house, mtpr room aid "office.
they have al.-o bilt n u hsrf. with
: storHM! bed. for their cna 1 , of which
hr have received th ir fir.t cargo
from the N:r.imo mine on V ancouvfr
;1;iml ' ,a!,M ron " ,,ff'7eKnt ??
I two miles lias arrived nd will be Jabl
! hm anon as the weather Is t a vora !!.
i Tho rapa ity of the works will supply
! 4',oo0 cubic, feet a day. Tln work
1 were made at Trenton, N. J., and make
on pgtrr ;iie shipment of over ZtO
ton." Ity the pii'nmer of th fish-
, oil lamps were superceded In most of
t the prores-i stores on Front utrent.
In 1376 i-onard A- jfJren sold the
; water work to the qlty. and In 1892
; they sold the nag company.
i By John W. Carey.
! Who made her f irnt appearance on
Girlie from the Oolden Vest? Step up
and meet Blanche Bates. . ,
New Use f Electric Fan. - -Any
electric fan can be converted.
Into, disinfecting apparatus by the us
of a nitw device to beettaeheI tr it
frame containing av fluid , which is
drawn by a wick into tbe air current a.
- .- - ;-- ' :' . ;
HOO'S H00
. - 6 .
Hy .John W. Carey. ' V
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