3
THE OREGON SUNDAY JOURNAL. PORTLAND, SUNDAY: MORNINO, - AUGUST 83. .1814.
THE JOURNAL
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Tlallna nnthtn a ralnat an
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hurt another unless it be a
greater hurt to om other
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a
AMERICA AND THE WAR SPIRIT
IT U Intimated In some of the
press dispatches commenting; on
the probable rupture between
Germany and Japan, that Ger
many hopes anti-Japanese -feeling
In the United States may drag this
country Into the struggle. If Ger
man diplomats cherish, any such
hope they fall to understand the
temper of the American people.
The likelihood of war with any
foreign power grows less, not
greater, with the development of
rents. Every report from the dis
tracted and war-ridden nations ot
Europe strengthens the peace sen
timent' In this country. This na
tion has never been infected with
militarism. We .have not been
devoting our energies to getting
ready to fight and we are not
looking for a chance to get into
the scrimmage. The hero of a re
cent novel voices the American
spirit when he says, "I'll fight
for what I've got to fight for, and
not a darned thing else."
The three weeks since hostili
ties began have given us time to
reflect. In a generation there
probably has never been a time
when this nation has thought more
earnestly on any question than it
has on the great problems of war
and peace during this month and
never has It been' more united In
its verdict. No war spirit has
flared up in any quarter. The de
termined stand for neutrality on
the part of the,, administration has
evoked a heartfelt .response from
very section of the country.
If we desire peace, what nation
will dare to provoke hostilities?
Our help might be the decisive fac
tor If cast In either scale in this
titanic struggle. If any wrongs
'should be inflicted in the heat of
action, the Just claims of our gov
ernment for redress are sure of a
hearing from every European pow
er. We have only to ask for arbi
tration even where our interna
tional treaties do not provide
for it.
War is a clumsy, costly, ineffect
ual means of attaining ends. This
the American people are realizing
more fully every day and they have
' too much shrewd good sense to be
dragged into it on any of the pre
texts that alarmists have been able
to devise.
THE PROMISE TO POLAND
" USSIA has promised Poland
K autonomy, freedom in her re
ligion and her language, if
the Poles remain loyal to tha
czar in the present war. The man
ifesto of Grand Duke Nicholas,
commander-in-chief of the Russian
army, concerning tha future of the
land of Kosciusko -and Pulaski
strikes a sympathetic ohord in
America.
It is one of tha most Interesting
developments of tha war to date.
It is ona of tha few good 'things
coming out of tha conflict, for
there is no reason to believe that
tha czar's determination to dual
Justly with the Poles was wholly
the result ot fear that they would
prove enemies. It may be further
evidence that Russia's ruler is anx
lous to liberalise his government.
It la tha rnnnral hallof t,n.
the czar is firm In his belief in
an autocratlo government, he also
favors giving his subjects some de
gree of self government. But he
Is handicapped by nobility and the
Russian bureaucrats. He has had
to battle his way, and progress has
been slow.
' Probably the czar decided this
was a good time to take a forward
step toward binding his subjects
10 we mrone without fear of op
position in court circles. War has
always, for Russia, furnished some
such incident. The Crimean war
led to the emancipation of the
suns, ana the Jaoanese war to
tha beginning of the estahiishmnnr
, of parliamentary x institutions.
, It is not clear what the pledge
' means. It may apply simply to
Russian Poland or to the territory
Jncluded in ancient Poland. The
latter Included the province of
. Galicla, now In Austria, and much
v Prussian territory. Even in the
event of a sweeping victory by the
. allies, there might be difficulty In
regrouping Polish territory, for
. there would still .be a question
whether Russia would ha given all
she would demand. ; i
- - Russia's " promise may ; not go
beyond a, restoration to Russian
Poland 'of rights taken from the
people after tha insurrection of
1864. But even such a promise,
it carried out. will mean much to
the Polish people, who even yet
dream of liberty.
, LIGHT AND SHADOW
HE standards of Germany wave
over tha capital , of Belgium
and other towns. Tha Ger
man arms are slowly but
steadily encircling the battlefield
of nations. This Is tha light ot
war, the falsa glory of conquest,
tha dream of kings. - '
Across the battlefield of Diest
there Is a brown stretch of har
rowed ground ona hundred yards
in length. It is tha grave of 1200
Germans who fell near the little
village of Haelen a few days ago.
The paths in the turnip fields are
soaked in the blood of horse and
man. The yellow fields of corn i
are ready for the sickle but the
Belgian peasantry hare dropped
thelr harvest tools and taken up
the Implements of the grave dig
ger, the mattock and the spade, j
on tha body of a German sol
dier they find a letter addressed
to his sweetheart left behind on
the banks of tha Rhine. The let
ter runs:
Fate In this present war has
treated us more cruelly than It has
many others if X hare not lived to
create for you the happiness ot
whieh both our hearts dreamed. Re
member, my sole wish now la that
you should be happy. Forget me and
create1 for yourself a happy home that
may restore to you soma of the neat
er pleasures of life. My last thought
has been for you and for those X leave
at home. Accept this last kiss from
him who lored you."
This is the shadow of war, the
destruction of the little kingdoms
of Herman and his brothers, the
shattering of their vision of a
happy home.
On that day when final Judg
ment shall be pronounced the kings
shall be last and tha Hermans shall
be first The lights shall become
shadows and the shadows become
lights.
PECULIAR CAUSES OF WAR
ACCORDING to stories that
have come down to the pres
ent day many wars have had
ineir origin in trivial causes.
The stealing of a lace netticoat
belonging to a lady of Castile led
to years of strife between the S nan-
lards and the Moors. The empty
ing of the contents of a bucket be
longing to a citizen of Florence
upon the head of a citizen of Hilan
gave rise to an lnterprovincial war
In Italy.
. Falling to return a borrowed
tobacco pipe kindled a civil war
wnich lasted for years amonsr tha
rival races in the Pamir and Af
ghanistan. A dispute as to
whether snails were a rr eater food
delicacy than vipers started fifty
years or righting between Milan
and Pisa.
The Indian Mutiny was nrecini-
tated by the belief of the Sepoys
mat tne grease on the cartridges
served them was from an unclean
animal.
Lord Palmerston once said that
only two men beside himself ever
knew the exact nature of tha trou
bles in Schleswig-Holstein which
led to two wars. Two of these
men died before the ware hrnv
out and he, himself, had forgotten
wnai it was all about.
In China 250 years aa-o a brnvn
teapot started a war which is said
to have cost a half million of
lives. While traveling through a
lawless province a nart of th
retinue of a high dignitary lagged
oouina ana was intercepted by
roDDers. Among the spoils was
a teapot which the bandit ..
temptuously threw to the ground,
creasing it. A force of soldiers
was sent out and a lone- n
war followed.
In an Iron case in the. nwa r
tha cathedral In Modena. Ttniir
traveler la shown a bucket which
was ma cause of a war 900 years
ago. Soldiers of Modena stole the
bucket from a public well In Bo
logna and refused to return it.
xa spar was fanned into a fire
which devastated a kr
the Europe of that day and led
w wie imprisonment for life of the
King of Sardinia, son of the Ger
man Emperor.
Tradition says that the Arch
bishop of Rouen persuaded Louis
VH of France to shave off his
? mm0n Objects.
This led to so much friction with
the queen that Louis divorced her.
A few months later she became the
wife of Henry II of England.
From this marriage much blood
shed resulted.
THE WASTE OF WAR
eT HAS been estimat,
I. , uiak tu,
dally cost of Europe's war will
A iuu w ou.uuu,uuo. Should the
conflict last a year, the actual
outlay will exceed $18,000,000 -000,
and this will not include loss
of property and Uvea.
In thirteen years tha cost of
maintenance or armies and navies
of the countries at war. u wen
the cost of naval construction, has
exceeaea 120,000,000,000. The
wealth of the five great powers at
war is estimated at $270,000,000,
000, so that preparation for a
year's fighting and actuaT outlay
during tha conflict will total more
than fourteen per cent of the total
wealth. '
England's great navy of 579
warships was built at a cost of
many billions of dollars.; Naval
construction in, the last 25 years
has ; undergone sweeping revolu
tions, so that year by year the
British, government was compelled
to replace Its obsolete warships
with fighting machines Embracing
all tha latest ideas suggested by
experience and approved by naval
experts. "
England's expense for naval con
struction has been enormous. From
1900, when $48,940,000 was voted
for new construction and arma
ment, tha expense increased year
by year l until $80,600,000 wa
vojed for the fiscal year 19 18-14.
It has been a - tremendous load on
the backs of Britons, and now the
burden Is made heavier because ot
actual war.
Whatever Verdict history may
give as to responsibility for the
present connict, tha war must be
held a disgrace to civilization. - It
IS an tlAlinml mHma anil tha
part of It is that the people Who j probably not mora than 2,000,000,
must pay the penalty will be with- 000 and probably approximately
oui Diame. speaKing in London j
five months ago concerning eco
nomic waste In preparing for war,
uv.eAus , aw Bau.
Sketch & nletnra In
eye of all that those sums. If prop-
erly apent; could effect for the Tna-
wvu WW ww wMii intni on neavy i
runs, rifles, dreadnoughts, fortresses
a uujjiwuii' uia maxeruu
lot of the people, they would lire
longer. Work to htr minm anI
enjoy some of the happiness or eon-
wuuiiwi which at present is tne
prerogative of the few.
When X call to mind the gold and
the work thus dissipated In smoke
and sound, and compare that picture
with the other villagers with drawn,
sallow faces. ' men and women and
dimly conscious children perishing
slowly and painfully of hunger I
begin to ask myself whether human
culture and the white man who per
sonifies it , are not wending toward
me aoyss.
The war which Count Witte pre
dicted has come. Already babies
are crying for lack; of milk In
Vienna. Women find it necessary
to become breadwinners. The
"glory" of war has been obscured
by Its waste and the suffering It
must bring upon this and f olio win a-
generations.
INFLATED FOOD PRICES
THERE is promise of indict
ments of men responsible for
the recent advance in the
price of foodstuffs. It has
been reasonably well established
that artificial Inflation was larsrelv
the cause of the advances. t
Sugar prices mounted br leans
and bounds and vet Robert Ox-
nard, president of the American
Beet Sugar Company, told a fed
eral grand Jury at San Francjsco
mat ma company could not sell
750,000 bags of sugar at the pre
vailing prices, and that stock In
the hands of eastern refiners rep
resents a three months' sunnlr.
Mr. Oxnard's testimony went to
prove that sugar prices are wholly
speculative.
In New York William W. Gard
ner, a sugar expert and statis
tician, testified that the crop In
Cuba, which supplies the bulk of
raw sugar used In the United
States, is plentiful this year and
that there has been little or no
trouble In getting it to this coun
try. On the other hand. Henrr F.
Cochrane, counsel for the American
Sugar and Refining Company, said
that lack of transportation facili
ties for bringing In foreign sugar
IS responsible for nia-her nrlraa.
The sugar men hare not out nn
a good case. Their testimony dis
putes itself, and United States Dis
trict Attorney Preston of Ran
Francisco Is probably right in say
ing tne gorernment win be able
to prore that unlawful combina
ar-"'w vuu, uuinntui WUlUlUa
uons nave been formed by sugar
man rv VAAnf
men to boost prices
The issue should not be clouded
mere is no claim by the govern
" wj ui guvera
mnf fhaf nAanA .1
..uui. iivow viivjcb Eauuia pre-1
... u wtiiiea states in tne I
face of the Euronean war. whti
T- t .1 . . a
..tiovrii vmoreu aa inves-i
tigatlon of food prices his purpose
veaa ti loom a. . . I
r-resiaent wuson ordered an Inves
nuoi citeui un-1
nn.fiirnl livi .aimV t
.. -v, ism u mj w uttt exieiil un
vwmumouuus in re-1
f.,1nt m X Jl . , . . I
owoxui. ui uaue, naa lnriuenced
" Aiicau; mere is enougn I
evidence in to Justify the investl-
vw j uotu Liio luvesu-j
gatlon. It Is established in ,
public's mind that prices are artl-
- mauo DV Uf U1B aDlllty OI & j
comparaUrely few men to control
Buy, i
no government's duty is clear.
Europe. threatened
lne because of war, has assumed
control or tne supply. Speculators
will not be permitted to bleed the
people; the governments them
selves will see that prices are kept
reasonably related to supply and
demand.
That Is all which Is being at
tempted In the United States. Pros
ecution of men who promote Job
bery In food was not ordered be
cause Americans must pay more
for what they eat, but because they
are required to fatten speculators
and men in control of distribution
who sea their opportunity to use
the war as an excuse for boosting
prices. f -
CENSUS OF THE HEAVENS
WHO can count tha stars In
tha hearens?
As yet no one has been
. able to answer this ques
tion In the af f Irmatira. The latest
attempt is that f tha Royal .Ob
servatory at Greenwich England
which has computed the number at
approximately 1,600,000,000, or
ona star for every Individual who
Inhabits the earth.
Tha approximate number of stars
visible - to tha human eye -is be
tween 8,000 and 4,000. By most
persons, however, and by many
scientists, 6ays Popular Mechanics,
tha total number of stars In tha
heavens has been considered count
less If notr limitless. If the Royal
Observatory . figures ' are correct,
though, the universe Is finite and
Tint tn'ffnfA. " m wnwla nm.
posed. ' k'- , :'--0irzM
Tha method by which tha ob
servatory, reached Its conclusion js
an Interesting one.-- .
. A set .of 206 photographs, cov
ering the sky, was made. After
counts were made on these, pictures
from which the brightness of "the
self luminous bodies between prac
tically the twelfth and seventeenth
magnitudes could be Inferred It
was ; concluded that they recorded
about 55,000,000 stars. From this
a formula was determined showing
the change of number In ; passing
from one magnitude to . another.
with these figures it was reasoned
that the aggregate number of stars
la V fint : 1m. ' ). 4 AAA AAA aaa
1,600,000,000.
It Is gratifying to know that for
every person on this earth a staf
is shining. Perhaps one of the
the aonl lnrit itm
7 way to some
v . w nvixu vi
its own was not SO fanciful after
ACCEPTING THE INEVITABLE
T
'HERE Is a prominent financier
in New York of whom his
admirers, like to tell the fal
lowing story. Ona sprinar dav
a friend found him strolling np
Fifth avenue and walked on with
him. Presently the banker remarked
In a casual tone that his country
home on Long Island was on fire.
To his friend's startled inquiries
he replied by explaining that word
had come over the telephone that
fire had broken out In his country
house and was beyond controL His
friend expressed amazement that
he was so unconcernedly walking
uptown.
"Well," said the banker, "what
Is there that I can do about It?"
No advice, was forthcoming and
they finished their walk.
The -Incident illustrates tha
man's coolness in an emergency
and his grasp of a situation. He
can be a man of prompt action. By
the sheer force of his personality
he compelled the directors of a
trust company to open the doors
of their banking department on
one of the days of the panic of
1907. They were threatened with
a run of depositors He told them
that they must not shake public
confidence by refusing payment of
claims. Alone he held his ground
and five minutes before the hour
for opening they yielded. Without
Inherited wealth, influential family
connections or powerful backers hfc
has made his way to the front. One
secret of his success is his accept
ance of circumstances. He does
not scatter hlB energies In futile
actions. He wastes no time In
Idle regrets, over what might have
been. He accepts tha Inevitable,
and then, true to Kipling's charac
terization of the American spirit,
"He turns a keen, untroubled face
Home to the Instant need of things."
WAR RISK INSURANCE
B
Y A viva voce vote the senate
passed tha administration's
war risk insurance bill. The
bill nronosea an anttroU
function of government In the
United States. It Is an emergency
financial and trade measure the
necessity for which has been urged
by leaders of capital and industry.
weai uruain, trance and Bel
, - j v
ETlllTn AlraaHv Vi o rrm a.t.l.1l.L.i
e 1 " cgiauiUUCQ -gOT
enimBnt Bureaus of war risk in
Ciirono AmMW..aK
surance. American business and
financial leaders Insist that Ameri
can vessels cannot Mm -
-.v w wweia 01
Aflllnl tarma v4fk M. .
".u lurejga snips un-
awTciumeni IOUOWS this
foreign precedent.
ThT mofn
ii., , . - J luaiu-
I tain that wai- xntiiuu. ,
AaI. Ak.l - . .
- vvuiuuU require tne
Unlte States gorernment to as-
Riima tua HiV. x k
I Elimil th tHalra n A I .
aiueiiviui vessels
land carervmi If An m . .
" wiuxuerce IS lO
hfl MBf AMil ..
uuuer present con-
-
This Mil fa another piece of
Buwuxoa- piece or
legislation made necessary a
crisis affecting American com-
" " VMUAOU lUUt 1Q til 6
ab8ence of eTOrernment Insurance
o- Muvua wuma monopolize
I? "pprxauon and fix the
prices of our wheat and cotton
abroad. It is to prevent such a
situation that President Wilson
gave the weight of his approval to
the measure which has passed the
senate.
Events are happening in quick
succession at Washington. It Is
clear that congress, under the
president's leadership, i8 meeting
the situation, it is evident that
the man In the White House is as
ready to help legitimate business
as he is Intent upon pursuing Ille
gitimate methods.
..'5 )
Why We Oppose Pockets for
Women.
From the New York Tribune,
ural rf"9 -
2. Because the great majority of
women do not want pockets. If they
did, they would have them.
3, Because whenever women hare
had pocket, they hare not used them!
t. Because women are expected to
carry enough things as It is, without
the additional burden of pockets
6. Because it would cause dissen
sion between, husband and wife as to
whose pockets were to be f illed. -
- S. Because It would destroy man's
chiralry toward woman If he did not
hare to carry all her things in hi
pockets.
7. Because men are men and wo
men are women. Wa must not fly in
the face of nature,
S. - Because pockets hare been used
by men to carry tobacco, pipes, whis
ker flasks, chewing gum and compro
mising letters. We see no reason- to
suppose that women would use them
more wisely. , . . '
A new - type of fender on Berlin
street cars sared the lives of 20 per
sons In the first few week it wa In
errlce. . .: . v
WORLD UNITY
By Dr. Frank Crane.
(Copyright, HI, by Frank Crane.)
While the present war Is undoubt
edly to be a great step preparatory to
the downfall of imperialism and the
end of the present system At world
government, where each nation pre
sumes to keep up an armed fore
wherewith. to settle Its disputes, the
beginnings of real' world gorernment
by law are taking place.
The two significant factors In lay
ing the foundations of an Intelligent
Parliament of - Man are yrfrHM and
the United States of America.
Since the Jay treaty of 1794, which
Introduced arbitration Into the mod
ern practice of nations, the United
States has been a leader in the peace
ful settlement of International differ
ences. Since the meeting of the first peace
conference at The Hague In lis Hol
land has been the center of lntama
tlonal development.
By virtue of Its position and Its
traditions the Dutch city of The
Hague has become the unofficial cap
ital of the new world order.
That new world order Is that na
tions shall no more, appeal to arms in
their dealings one with another, but
shall bring their case Into law and
settle It by reason.
The necessary corollary of this,
although out of respect for the high
mightinesses of the nations It Is not
mentioned, la that nations shall cease
the practice of keeping up each a
huge army and navy.
It Is the presence, the existence, of
large armaments that was the cause
of the European outbreak. The un
willingness of nations to abandon
militarism and to agree upon legal
arbitration is costing them untold
lives and treasure.
Pride, mediaevalism. autocracy and
militarism are not mere picturesque
stupidity; they contain In themselves
the seeds ot the destruction of the
world.
Through the efforts of Sir. Bryan
21 countries (July 14, 1914) hare
entered into treaties indorsing the
peace plan.
While these treaties differ in minor
details they are all similar to the
agreement between the United States
and Holland.
The main thing in all the treaties
mentioned is that the two nations in
tho compact agree "that all disputes
between them, of every nature what
soever," shall be "referred for inves
tigation and report to a permanent
International commission.
They agree not to begin hostilities
until this commission has made its
report.
That is the gist of the matter. No
treaty Is worth the paper It la writ
ten on unless all disputes are to-be
arbitrated. So long aa there is a
loophole for questions of honor just
so long will nations hare an excuse to
continue the abhorrent practice of
militarism.
Rulers of the world, you must get
together and lay down your arms or
you will perish by your own obstinacy.
United States of the World la as
necessary as a United States of
America.
Only so will the intolerable burden
of military preparedness be lifted
from the backs of the world's work
ers. Only so will the menace of Arma
geddon, brought on by Chauvinistic
madness, be removed.
No permanent peace is possible by
preponderance of arms. Peace will
come only by unity, the triumph of
intelligence over mediaevalism.
And quietly but surely the United
States of America is laying tha foun
dation of the new program, the Fed
eration of the World.
Grandma's Health Recipe.
By N. E. B.
"Yes, I am old, but I am well. ,
How X keep so, I'll gladly tell.
Now, listen, for my words are true,
And X will .tell you what to do.
When I begin to feel quite blue,
I Just invite a friend or two
To come and spend the day with me.
Or else I go somewhere for tea, .
Or hare a party or visiting go, '
When things 'round home axe getting
slow.
X fight the blues as X would Old Nick.
And worry out of doors I kick, . ,
For all mankind X cherish love.
And also for the Lord above.
It injures one to grouchy get,
So I keep calm, and do not fret. -Begin
today to try my cure.
And of good health you'll then be
... sure." .
A sermon In these lines you'll find,
Which yon should ever bear in mind,
Portland, August Is, ltls.
KIAO CHAU AS A FACTOR IN THE WAR
From the Philadelphia North American.
Germany obtained possession of Klao
Chau in November, 1897, following the
murder of two Roman Oath olio mis
sionaries from Germany In the prov
ince of Shantung. The missionaries
had been residing at a village inland
and were preparing to celebrate a
church festival.
The preparations offended the na
tives, to whom the missionaries wore
always objectionable, and the two
Germans were killed.
In retaliation, the German minister
at Peking made four demands upon
the Chinese gorernment first, an
apology for the attack; second, indem
nity for the families of the victims;
third, compensation for the expense
the German government had incurred,
and. fourth, the lease of a naval sta
tion upon the coast of China.
To the first three demands the Chi
nese readily agreed. Germany did not
wait for an answer on the fourth de
mand. Within 10 days of the murder
a German squadron was on its way to
seise XClao Chau, and within two weeks
Admiral Dledriohs was in Klao Chau
bay.
At first the occupation was sup
posed to be only temporary.
Germany held on, however and later
the Chinese government agreed to
lease the district to Germany for 99
years. Rich mining concessions were
Included. Fine streets were made and
electric lighting and telephone sys
tems installed. Many fine buildings
were erected, and one of the first acts
of the Germans was to erect a monu
ment to Admiral Dledrichs, whose
squadron effected the occupation of
the city.
Efforts to make this city a center
for German commerce and trade at
once aroused the displeasure of the
Japanese government. Other nations,
too, soon found just how important
the city and the adjoining province of
Shantung were to the German gov
ernment. The province, over which
Germany claimed a protectorate, lies
across the line of communication be
tween Peking and Shanghai.
An American syndicate, In conjunc
tion with English capitalists, had been
negotiating for the construction of a
railway between Peking and the mouth
of the Yangtae river. Nearly $30,000.
000 had been raised for the enterprise.
Just as the promoters were ready to
NAMING THIS WAR
From the Atlanta Journal.
When one thinks of the difficulties
that often beset the naming of a baby,
It la not surprising to find much knit
ting of brows over a name for the war.
If only two nations were inrolred, or
one great Issue at stake, the queatlon
might be answered easily; some such
title as Franco-Prussian or Spanish
American would instantly occur. But
this drama is ab crowded with protag
onists and so rast in its theme that all
phrases limp at Its designation.
Borne days ago a correspondent sug
gested that "The War of the Seren
Nations" would be a fitting title, his
Idea being that this would include the
powers directly concerned Germany,
France, England, Russia, Belgium,
Serria and Montenegro. But who
knows that the struggle will be con
fined to these? Japan is straining at
Its leash, Italy is mobilizing, there is
much tilplomatia gossip over Portugal
and Spain, and yesterdays dispatches
hint at a Balkan alliance to support
Russia. Indeed, the United States, to
gether with South American republics,
is the one nation whose peace is as
sured. The Baltimore Sun remarks that
newspaper writers try to meet the dif
ficulty by speaking of "Armageddon"
and the "titanic- struggle," but that
such phrases are "evident makeshifts."
And the Sun Itself doubtfully sug
gests: "The War o Teuton and Slav,"
"The War f 1914," "Kaiser Wllbelm'a
War," The War Against Germany."
nd "The European War." The last
named title, it can be said, la the
one most frequently and naturally
used by Americana. We of the south
discuss the cotton ertsls brought on
by the "European war." -But the peo
ple of Europe will scarcely be satisfied
with so indefinite a term; it Is Inclus
ive bat not preolse.
"The War of Teuton and Slav" indi
cates one of the issues, but ignores
others of equal importance, such for
Instance as the historic enmity be
tween Germany and England. "Kaiser
WUhela's War" 1 appropriate in that
it suggests a certain Napoleonlo ambi
tion, but it takes so account of ether
togln work, the German minister el
Peking told the English, gorernment
that this railroad should not be built,
because it crossed territory within a
few hundred miles of Klao Chau.
In 1905 Berlin announced that Ger
many) was ready to go ahead and for
tify Klao Chau harbor and make the
City a naval base. This announce
ment caused both France and Japan
to contemplate further fortifications
along their possessions in the east.
Since then Japan has been trying by
every means known to diplomacy to
break Germany's growing strength in
China and oust the' kaiser's govern
ment from the province of Shantung.
The population of Klao Chan is
about 120,090 Chinese and about 6000
Europeans. The German head of the
oolony Is a naval officer with the title
of governor, who Is assisted by a
council composed of heads of depart
ments. The bay Is a great sheet of water
20 miles wide, with an outlet to the
Yellow sea only 14 miles wide. This
outlet Is commanded by headlands,
about 600 feet high, admirably suited
for fortifications.
Klao Chau is located inland from the
southeastern coast of the Sbang-tung
peninsula, to the southwest and a
matter of 200 miles br sea from the
British base of .Wei-Hal-WeL The
latter Is just across the straits of Chl
Li from Port Arthur, wrested by
Japan from Russia la the Russo
Japanese war.
By arrangement with the Chinese
government, an office of the Chinese
customs was established at Tslng-tai,
which is the actual waterfront, mak
ing it a port of entry, and arrange
ments were made for connecting the
Shantung railway, which has Its ter
minus at Tslng-tao, the chief town of
the concession, with the main Peking
Hankow railway.
Germany at once began the work of
fortifying the harbor for use as a
naval base for her far eastern fleet.
In times of peace the forts In the har
bor are garrisoned by a German force
of some 2500 men.
Tslng-tau has been developed under
German possession to one of the six
Important ports of China. Some $15,
000,000 worth of goods was exported
from there in 1911, and there were
$17,500,000 worth of imports. Large
amounts hare been spent by the Ger
mans in - dredging the shallow harbor.
distinctive elements. And "The War
Against Germany" is no more suitable
than would be "The War Against
France;" for Germany's course, or to
speak more truly, the kaiser's eourae,
has been unmistakably aggresslre.
The fact Is, we cannot yet baaard a
guess as to what this war will be
named. Whether we regard it as a
clash of races, or as Germany's strug
gle for existence and expansion, or as
the last stand of autocratlo amWtlon
against the spirit of democracy, we
can hit upon no head line that clearly
and truly tells the big story. So vast
an event cannot be named forthwith,
or by individual choice. Its name must
emerge slowly from the oommon
thought and judgment of a world of
minds.
Statistical Notes.
The sum of- 6,000,000 marks ($1,
190,000) has been signed as a guar
anty fund' for the exposition to be
held next year in Dusseldort.
Importations into ChrisUanla of
dress and suit linings are estimated
to amount to not less than 10,000.000
crowns ($2,480,000) annually.
The average total quantity of water
used per day In Hamburg for all pur
poses in 1912 was 138,888 cubic me
ters (177.998 cublo yards) all of which
was supplied from the public water
system.
Bananas and tomatoes are the most
Important products of the Canary
Archipelago. In 1912 nearly $5009
worth of the first was exported, and
the shipments of the second exceeded
$2,000,000 la value.
, About Persons.
J. C Crafts, dead in Boston, leaves
a legacy of $750 to his pet dog.
- Dr. X. A. Feld. of Worcester, Mass.,
says the mussel is highly nutritious,
Joe Gregory, falsely accused of a
trivial theft, hanged himself la
Washington the other day.
XX X. Whitney, former mayor of
Brooklyn, N. Y, at 95 still conducts
the grocery he entered as a dark
75. years ago. i
C M. Brockway, 2, and B. F.
Heebler, 70, of Greenville, Ps, mar
ried a few -days ago wives aged 18
and XT years respectively. . :
IN EARLIER DAYS
By Fred IxKkJey.
Ton't talk to ie about Coopey.
Cpopey is a dreamer." Somehow that
retort didn't aeem to answer my -question
so I went to see Mr. Coopey for
further explanation. They tell me .'
you are a dreamer. How about HI" X .
aid. Like the warhorse described by
Job who "smell eth the battle afar oft
Mr. Coopeys eyes flashed as he said.
"They are at their old tricks, are
they? So they say X am a dreamer. Be- ,
fore their dream is over they will think
I am a full grown nightmare. For the
past quarter of a century I have been
preaching the doctrine of honesty in
business.'
J "Tell me about yourself." I asked.
"What is your mainspring of action?
no is your ereear wnst ax von
working for? What do you stand for?"
"I can answer all your questions
with one word." said Mr. Coopey. "and
mar. one wore is 'justice. That's what
I am working for, that is my creed,
that is what I stand for.
"I was born at Gloucester, England.
Gloucester Is in the Stroud Valley, the
greatest woolen center in the world.
My business Is one of the oldest In the
world making clothes. Back in the
garden of Eden Ere no, X don't think
ber last name was' Knowles made
herself a dress of fig leaves. Xn the
oldest book I know of the book of Job
it says, -My days are swifter than
a weaver s shuttle Babylon, the city
of merchants and manufacturers, used
to turn out purple and fine linen.
Julius Caesar found the Britons weav-.
ers of flax and of wool and even la
those days, nearly 2000 years ago, the
wearers of Great Britain took pride In
the quality of their cloth. I wish we
of today could take an equal pride la
our manufactured product
"Japan haa to borrow her capital and
buy her pig iron elsewhere and yet
with this heavy handicap see what she
is doing in the way of manufacturing.
We here in Oregon raise our own wool,
ship tn back to Boston and then we
either buy our cloth there or our mills
send back there for rags out of which
to make shoddy to manufacture all
wool' (?) goods. It vi ridiculous
as if we shipped our logs back to Bos
ton and then sent back there to buy the
ooards to build our bouses.
"It is claimed that Oregon manufac
turers approximately five per cent of
the manufactured articles we consume;
yet we are one of the richest states la
the Union in raw material. This mean
that we are shipping our money away
to buy goods that could be made here
thus keeping the money at home. We
wonder why times are hard when na
ture has done so much for Oregon yet
we cheerfully continue to support, big
manufacturing enterprises In other
states employing thousands of work
men and continue to play up Oregon as '
a land of opportunity and encourage
settlers and workmen to come here.
We had better get busy and make our
word good and have this a real land of
opportunity In place of a land of bunk.
We could do this by investing our Ore
gon capital here In productive enter
prises so that the newcomers would
find something to do when they get
here.
"One of the first things to do is to
utilise our own wool in place of send
ing it east. We could by honest meth
ods of manufacture establish a reputa
tion for Oregon woolen goods that
would make them as famous, as de
servedly popular and as much in de
mand aa Hood River apples. We need
to build up the confidence of the pub
lic for Oregon. The average man order
ing a suit knows as much about the
quality ot the goods whether it is all
wool or 80 per cent shoddy as a toad
knows about his great-grandfather,
but he does know whether the suit
wears well, keeps its color and holds Its
shape. Bell him a suit made largely of
shoddy as 'Oregon wool' and ever after
he will steer clear of Oregon wool.
They brand gold as being 14 carat or
18 carat fine and punish the man who
! niisbrands It.
They mark silver as
'sterling.' They label food products to
protect the Innocent and uninformed
purchaser. Why not brand clothing so
the customer will know .exactly what
be Is getting. To do so would In
stantly create a greater demand for
virgin wool with a consequent Increase
in price which would mean that thou
sands of small farmers would raise a
few sheep where they now have none.
"We would raise more wool in Ore
goo and get a better price for It thus
helping the farmer and enabling him
to be a better customer. The man who
wanted a cheap suit would buy one and
get it for less than he now pays for It,
thinking he is getting an all wool suit.
Yes, sir, it all comes back to what X
said Honesty and Justice.
"If we practiced honesty and Justice
we would all share In the result ot in
creased prosperity."
The Ragtime Muse
Don't Overlook Him.
They make a noise over the soldier
Who goes feller humans to slay;
His presence they begs
While they give him cork legs
And pension him so much a day!
But they don't care a hoot for the
farmer
Who keeps 'em in food, you'll allow.
And there's never a cheer
I think this is queer
Fer a feller what toilers the plough t
Owl Wow:
Pore Deyil that toilers the plough!
i
He's kind to his horses and cattle.
He fools with his self-cocking mule.
He constantly toils
And his beauty he spoils.
And he's deeply in debt as a rule.
While everyone works that's about him.
His wife and his son and his cow.
He steadily slaves
And his country he saves.
But "heroes" don't f oiler the plough.
Owl Wowl
A hero's afraid of a plough!
S Mother-Lore.
By Mlna Maker Gatens.
Death soon to me would lose its sting;
Life, naught but misery could bring;
To this sad earth I should not cling
Were't not for thee, my baby I
Fame, honor, riches. . all to me
Mere worthless baubles soon should be,
Had'I them all, and should lose thee,
. My life, my all. my baby! --
No peace in hearen should I find.
Were X to leave thee, babe, behind!
O, Fate, if I must go, be kind.
And let me take my baby!
Mother-lore shall live on for aye!
When passed beyond the mortal clay "
Shall live, and wait the final day
To guide thee o'err my baby I
The Woman's Page
The Journal each evening pre
sents a number of striking
features. Many of them are
of exclusive Interest to wom
en, 4 others are of general
appeal,
Therall are worth while. Cul
tivate this daily feature
page; you will find It profit
able. - - ,