THE OREGON DAILY JOURNAL, PORTLAND, MONDAY EVENING. JULY 27, 1914.
THE JOURNAL
" AN INDEPKSrPKNT WEWSFAPErt.
C. . JACKSON
.Publisher
fnli
UUbed ntr evening (eioast 8ondajr na
very Bandar morolng at The Jonroai "
lu. Broadway and VamUlll sta.. Portias. Or.
( fcatara at ths postofflce at Portland, Or., t'T
:' tranamlwUm tbrouKb tn mail a, aecond
. elaaa matter. - " ..
IkXk-FHONh: Main T1T3J Hwne. A-0&1. All
departments reached by thru natulan. Tell
tbe operator wnai aeprimcnv ym "
in the Barnes type of politicians. 1 Grande. "Within few hours
The issue between -.Barnes and after the fury of battle is over and
Roosevelt is important. Roosevelt
appealed to Jthe voters in behalf
of a candidate for governor who
stood i pledged against domination
by Barnes: The Republican boss
counters with a suit for damages,
evidently with the Idea of furnish
ing himself with a sorry certificate
of character.
UUa.HJN ADVERTISING HKPBKSKNTATIVE
)UZ rut Ave Nsw Xoxfc; ms People a
Use lildg., Chicago. - ; -
subacrlpttoa terms by mall , f --ad
ores la Ue (Jailed atatea ataxic. v
DAlLx
.15.00 I Ou aaonts
KITKTtAT '-
Om
0. ft
.... .Sl.fju I una room."....
vuw
moatll......f 25
..$ JOS
When You Go Away
Have The Journal sent to
your Summer address.
HE Central Labor Council of
Portland has unanimously In
dorsed the Waterfront and
Docks amendment and - the
Municipal Docks bill.
Jt is a sign of the time. The
workers have discernment. They
see that the present status of the
Portland waterfront is pathetic
Much of it is already railroad and
-a
Talk to the point, and stop
when you have reached It.
Be comprehensive In all you
say or write. To fill a
about nothing 1 a credit to
nobody. John Neal.
B '
VANCOUVER'S ACTION
IN RINGING resolutions, the Van
couver Commercial Club calls
upon senators and congress
men from the state of Wash
ington to fjgbt for passage at this
session tf the rivers and harbors
bill, j - '
It is vision. It Is the same kind
! of foresight that should permeate
every point in the Columbia basin.
Railroad commissions are all
right, in their way. Interstate
Commerce Commissions are all
richt. in their way.
But the greatest rate fixer that
can ever be introduced in the Fa
rifjf Northwest Is the Columbia
river.
No body of men, no constitu
tional power of government can
rin in the way or rate lowering
what the Columbia river can do
Once brought to the state of Im
provement of which it Is capable,
It can reduce the grain rates and
the wool rates and the livestock
rates of the Inland Empire to one
half, or less than one half, their
present figures. When barges and
steamboats are once put into the
fullness of their possibilities on the
river adeauately Improved as It
will be in time, no railroad com
mission, no Interstate Commerce
Commission will be needed to give
the great producing communities
and the multiplying shipping points
along the river the lowered freight
' rates for which they have been
waiting - for a generation, and to
which they are entitled.
The Vancouver action is a pro
test against the fight on the river
and harbor bill. It is an appea;
for the passage of the measure.
It is an effort to . save the work
on the various government projects
from a year or more of idleness
and stagnation.
SAVING THE REMNANT
T
the Victorious Villa "has captured a
city, order and peace prevail,
saloons are closed and business re
sumes .its even way," says Mr.
McCutcheonj
It was Villa who introduced an
efficient hospital service into Mexi
can warfare. 'r It was Villa who
showed good "sense when relations
of the United, States with the Con
stitutionalists became strained be
cause , of the occupation of Vera
CrUZ.
Villa's rise in the world's esti
mation impoverishes the: argu
ments of privilege, which seeks
to establish a principle that a few
people are born to rule the many.
If he Is representative of the peo
ple he is leading, there is no
longer question that. Mexicans are
able to govern their own country.
I- , History can show few parallels
to face .with - its .thirty years ' as . a '
butcher of good names in Oregon,
face to : lacej with its unfairness
and injustice to public men', face
to face with Its stealthy and" sinis
ter attempt to defeat the rivers
and harbors hill; It says "the pub-:
lie is weary" or The Journal's ex-!
posures. It Isn't the public that
is "weary." It is the Oregonian i
that is "weary."
Becky Edelson, . who is - under
lock and key in New York, la con
sistent in her habit. She 'Won't
work, neitherwill she eat.
In any other country thai!
France,, the duels likely to grow
out of the Calllaux trial might be
looked on seriously.
A FEW SMILES
PERTINENT COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF
corporation owned, and if past
processes are perpetuated, ail of to Villa's rise to power and influ-
it will pass . under private mo- ence. This man, whose name was
nopoly. once used as a synonym for law
The waterfront amendment and! lessness, is now the man whose
docks bill are an endeavor to save success is followed by order and
the remnant to the public. Once tranquility,
it was all the public's. But legis-
THE PRINTING GRAFT
lative skulduggery and court de
cisions have changed the status.
The people's holdings in tide and
submerged lands have gone or are
going where great bodies of tim-
kx iaiiuo ncuin . . "V dvm0 I , i a, a V. A
where the Oregon swamp lands v ...
tt, ,v, state's resources. Legislatures
so-called desert lands went.
I
T WAS only by dint of extraor
dinary effort that the state
printing graft In Oregon was
forced to loosen its hold.
Of . all the indefensible giving
away of public resources into pri
vate hands, none has been more
bare-faced than In the case of the
tide and submerged lands. First,
there was legislation to give , up-
came and went, and so did state
printers. One printer after another
had his time upon the stage, and
stepped down, a rich. man.
The office was used as a reser
voir 'from which to finance cam
paigns. The printer was made to
disgorge heavily from his easy
out to deep water. It looked all mon.ey proTld.e 1' r
right. It was innocent enough on
the surface.
It did not pretend to convey
title. Nobody claimed that it did
more than grant a franchise.
But here we are with the fran
chise holders out, with a full
fledged insistence on ownership.
putting the whole ticket over.
And so the legislatures that came
and went perpetuated the graft.
Some members honestly tried to
cut down the graft, but there was
always a secret and sinister force
that blocked every attempt to re
form the printing" abuse. It was a
political force, a corrupt and con-
Letters From the People
Comraanlcatlon ant tn T TMi.n.t
publication In this department anonld be writ-.
n "iy ona aide t tbt paper, abould Bot
exceed 800 worda in length and moat be ac
companied by the name and addreaa of the
aaoder. if tlie writer doe not dartre to
have the nam, pnbllabed. be aiould ao aUU.)
"Olrcaaaion Is the greatest of all reform
era. It rationalises ererythlng It toechea. It
roba prlDclplea of aU false sanctity and
throwi i tbem back: on their reaaonableDcas. If
they hare do reasonableness. It ratblesaly
ercsbes tbem out of existence and seta np iu
own eoncluaions in their atead." Wood row
Wilson. -
While. rJaltlnjr a nephew In New
Tork Uncle Hayseed stopped In front
of : a." movie poeter,
on which ware dis
played picture of
lions, Uf-era, ' ele
phants, and other
African wild animals.-
'".V
' - a r a t ' u n a,
Henry 1" he said to
his neprew, ."I'm mighty glad I leave
town Saturday afternoon.
"Why are yon so anxious to set
awayT" asked his nephew.
Pointing- to the poster oa the wall.
Uncle Hayseed read aloud the words,
"To be released on Monday."
Examined on history at Wesk f'ofciit.
Whistler failed to recall the date of
the battle of Buena Vista. "Suppose,'
said the exasperated
Instruct or, ryou
were to go out to
dinner and the com
pany began to talk
of the Mexican war,
and you a -West
Point m a ri; were
asked the date ' of
the battle; what would you dor
vol" was the reply. Why, X
should refuse to associate with, people
coma iaiK or such things at din
r.err
who was
Prohibition and llard Times,
PortlandZ-Julv 24. To th trHi nf
The Journal If no other argument
could change my opinion from a "wet"
to a "dry" defender, Emma Goldman's
Indorsement of the liquor interests
would make a staunch
of me, and fully convince me that. lik
the other unlawful things she upholds, i
the saloon Is wronsr. Emma r.nMman !
the anarchist itlhoil.is . u i I commented the
and cries out loud and lor,- -r,- i68 y?u think vouare.r
Mon a 1 1 1 hortw " cv. ...
. Vr,on aJh r you crying
imi ooyr asiced the neighbor
"trolling by a west side
dooryard the other
afternoon.
Because I m so
mean an' selfish!'
sobbed the little one.
"Oh, I guess
you're not very mean
and selfish If It af
fects you this way,"
passer-by. "What
QMALL CHANGE .
, When a wise chap sees an opportu
nlty he seize It. v v ,
Belns? fond of cocktail la a feather
la so man's cap.
... . .,- . -To
Toalievai that a. task la lmnoaai.
ble is to make it so. ....
Many a man haa taken a hand In nol-
itlcs and then put hi foot in it.
w
PeODl wish a newly - married esu.
pie happiness, but they don't expeot 11
Ala for the man who will never be
useful exoeot to -hra the undertaker
JOB. ' , .
" '
Flab 1 no a-ood asr a hraln food
unless It ha something to assimilate
4 Styles that turn women's heads also
put kink In the neck of the gentle
men.
Did a woman aver nalnt h,r rhtnti
because she was unable to generate a
reai oiuani .
- '
A man never realises that time Is
money more thoroughly than when he
eiues wiin a taxi cnauiieur.
Tou may have noticed in the ao
counts of the joy ride accidents that
comparatively few of them occur with
the victim en route home from church.
The Russian subjects settled In
America who remitted tSQ.000,000 last
year to kindred back home, are pay.
ing the old country well for coming
awaj, . -
Says the Journal of the American
Medical association; "No human face
among the world's sixteen hundred
millions may be held perfect, either
artistically or physiologically?' Has
m journal no women subscribers?
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
IN EARLIER DAYS
Dy Fred Lockley.
Within a Tew weeks Wallowa's new
electrlo lighting system
Recently while visiting with - Mr.
will be in Benjamin Cornelius of thi itv a no-
operatlon. In the aame town the work ne,r of Uii. she loaned ma a diary
U iVprogreasT ; I to ber uncle, W. W. Walter.
- - . i muui it i too long to publish in full,
A ' county Jlbrary has been estab- j I am going to make some extracts and
llshed at Weston, in free quarters, condense that narrative i . .,,
wot. ,ninnt..r. urin . in turn aa c lno narrative into a nor l
librarian. The promoters are going , article.
ahead with, plan tor library expansion.
The city hall at Silver Lake 1 being
fainted and otherwise put in snape.
t will receive two coats of white
paint, and when completed, the Leader
says, will be the neatest building in
town.
Missouri to friend in Wallowa coun
ty la quoted in the Enterprise Record
Chieftain as saying that it is so hot
there she can hardly
she would like to
enough to get one
stand It, and j
Milton Earle: The bi combine nur-
chased recently by J. H. Coffman of
Dry Creek, was started Saturday, and
while all waa running- smoothly the
machinery suddenly stopped when the
drive belt came oil. investigation
disclosed the remains of a monster
torn cat that had been ground to bits
in the elevator.
- '
Congratulatory weather report in
Myrtle Creek Mail: "While the weather
was some hot the latter part of last
week and the mercury climbed to the
hundred mark for two or three days,
no prostration were noted and the
people went right along with their
work the same as under usual condi
tion. Bach heat in the east would
have resulted In hundreds of deaths
and untold suffering, and would have
been followed by disastrous cyclones
and electric storms."
RURAL CREDIT LEGISLATION
The subterranean processes of the sclenceless influence that dealt
legislature converted a mere fran- corrupt men ln the legisla-
cmse into a ciaim 01 buiiicicul ture and by. wllefJ and arts
strength that the supreme court that BO of ten make BUCn bodies
declares they have full title. irrnnndhi nrntHated the nrint-
That is" why interested people lnK BteaL
have arisen to fight' the game. At last the Tjower of the print-
That is why legislation has been lng abuse Beemg broken. The bill,
proposed to resist me grao. inai pushed through the senate by Mil
ls why there Is endeavor through lerf of Linn, and driven through
the initiative to put measures on tbe house by exposures made by
the statute book to prevent further Governor Vest after it had been
encroachments and save to the beaten in that body at the 1911
people the remnant of their tide Bession is now ln effect, and the
and submerged lands, lands that 8avIriga for -10 months total $16,-
m auiornia, Dy aecision oi me 2. accordine to the report of
state's highest court, are all theprnter Harris.
people s and cannot be taken away por fonr months endinz Decem-
by court or a legislature. ber i 1913. i the savine wa8
The aid of the Central Labor 13 2K7t for three months endlne
Council will be effective in the Mareh 31 1914t $5417, and for
fight for saving the remnant of three months endinc June 80.
these lands in Oregon. 5 17657 '
Witlf the power of the graft once
broken, it may now be possible to
ANSA3 has selected former accomplish further reductions in
ine printing cost.
sonal liberty." She sneers and scoffs
ai our sacred institutions and Amer
ican homes, and is Just the kind of a
person who naturally would denounce
prohibition. Emma Goldman has and
will, by her stand against prohibition,
make more prohibitionists 10Q to 1
than Ella M. finney, Mrs. Duniway,
Osborne Yates, and other of their
party against the cause.
The cannibal, assuredly, believes in
"personal liberty," and would undoubt
edly question your "right" to interfere
with him if he wanted to eat a man.
For years I heard how prohibition
worked such terrible hardships on the
"business" world; how the grass grew
ln the streets of prohibition towns,
etc., until I went to a dry , state to
live. Z know, from actual 'experience,
bow exaggerated the reports have been
or dry states suffering from "hard
times;" how the untruths, circulated
by the liquor interest against prohi
bition, have been swallowed by the
gullible, such a I once was. and X can.
without any boasting, say I have and
will continue to "nail to the cross,"
nara and fast, every misstatement
against prohibition, as far as lies with
in my power. To those who have been
cursed by liquor within their own
homes, and who might hesitate to cast
a vote agalnBt it, much as they would
like to see its evils swept away, and
still fear our state or city will suffer
ln other respects by it abolishment, I
say: Vote dry and be convinced for
yourselves! Vote dry, and you will
see no one will suffer not even those
whose interests now He through the
liquor traffic a horrible profits,
Prohibition will mean a wonderful
step onward for this state, If it Is
carried. J. J. RANDALL.
See this bread an' JellyT WelL I'm
so mean an' selfish that I ain't a-goin'
to give Willie none of It. Boo-ooh-bool"
A GREAT MAN
K
IS THE DAY'S NEWS
I
N THE operation of every law
there is individual hardship.
This is noticeably true in the
case of Young Yow, a galley
boy on the German steamer Sax
onia, now in the harbor.
Eight months ago Yow came to
Portland on the steamer Belgravia.
On the steamer was also a baker.
Yow needed some clothes but the
exclusion law prevented him from
leaving ship.
The baker, who was exempt from
the law, was going ashore, having
received bis discharge. Yow en
trusted to him $7.50, three months'
hard earned wages, and commis
sioned him to buy the clothes.
The baker took the money but
he never returned with the clothes.
Yow was forced to sail away
but he swore he would come back
At Shanghai the Belgravia t and
Baxonla met and Yow persuaded
the" galley boy of the latter to ex
change places with him so that he
could return to Portland and find
the man who had robbed htm. .
When the Saxonla docked ln this
city Yow was at the rail looking
for the Baker, who came down to
renew acquaintance with the crew
When he caught sight of his man,
Yow forgot all about exclusion laws
and started ashore. The ' baker
aw him coming and took to his
heels. Just as Yow was about to
seize him the exlnslon law in the
, person of an immigration Inspector
intervened and the baker escaped
Governor George W. Glick as
that state's typical American
whose likeness shall adorn
Statuary hall in the national cap!
tol. The recent unveiling has
caused much newspaper comment,
for the reason that Governor
WING to the disturbed condi
tions in Haiti and San
Domingo, due to revolutions,
It mav . tiA nAr.easarv for the
n 1 j 11.1 . . . . 1 . ..... I -
Aliens uuo to greatness is mue United States to take drastio ac
Known tnrougnout tne nation. t.nn It n announced, however.
He happened tto be a Democrat, president Wilson will not use
force until after all . peaceable
the first Democratic governor of
the state, but his democracy was of means have been exhausted.
tne sort mat 13 spelled with a
small "d." He went to Kansas ln
1858, enlisted in a Kansas regi
ment in 1864, took part in three
battles, practiced law again, served United States,
in me - tvansas legislature nine
THE BARNES LIBEL SUIT
W
ILLIAM BARNES JR., boss
of the Republican party in
New York : and " an associ
ate of Penrose,. Cannon
1 and the rest in bossing the national
organization, has sued Theodore
1 Roosevelt for libel. Barnes objects
to Colonel Roosevelt's published
' statements in which - he said It Is
- ' the duty of New York voters to
: ' overthrow bosses of the type of
Barnes and Murphy. This is Colo-
. nel Roosevelt's charge:
. ' In New York state we see at its
worst the development of the system
'of bipartisan boss rule. It Is im
' f possible to secure the economic, so
j clal and industrial reforms to which
t we are pledged until this Invisible
. government of the. party bosses, work-
lng through the alliance between
. 1 crooked business and crooked politics,
! is rooted " out ct, the governmental
t system.
. Barnes asks a salve of $50,000
t for his injured feelings. ; Hla suit
t Is - confession that he was hurt.
. t Further, it Is evidence that so long
i as the .bosses can prevent it pro
' gresslve ideas will never7 find root
DOMINICAN DISTURBANCE
0'
terms ana was elected governor
over John P. St. John in 1882
Governor Glick persuaded the
legislature to create a railroad
In connection with San Domingo,
it is interesting: to recall that as
early as 1849 a movement grew
up favoring annexation to the
It assumed con
siderable proportions after the
Civil war and in 1869 Presi
dent Grant sent an investigator to
the Island who reported, so. favor-
ohW tVisit Via was Instructed to ne-
niuuiu 10 cuec exactions oy gotiate an annexation treaty.
me roaus, ana in otner ways he Thls treaty was ratified by the
r. I. ... .4 VI- 1 1 . L IV . '
euuweu 111a yiuueer spirit m a
fight, Ihen Just starting, which is
now placing the people in command
of their own destinies.
It is significant that Kansas did
not select John Brown or John J,
Ingalls as the state's typical Amer-
Domlnican legislature. In the
United States, however, there was
a particularly strong anti-annexa
tion spirit and the matter was
finally dropped,
Since that time there has . been )
one revolution after another. Nine
. Impressions of Hop Field.
Portland, July J5. To the editor of
The Journal Ella M. Finney speaks
In glowing terms of our bounteous hoo
yield and invites us to take trips up
the valley to see for ourselves. True.
hops make a good showing, but it has
been mjr misfortune to spend several
seasons there during hop picking. One
season ln particular I had noticed the
crowds as they assembled to boeln th
season's picking. There were families.
single men, women alone, women ac
companies by a friend and all sorts
and conditions. Many do not know, a
they start on this annual pilgrimage,
which is often necessary for families.
what association they are subjecting
their children to and especially girls.
There is the man about town, the vll
lage cut-up, the gambler, all with 1
more or less boose-soaked brain, and
the slang- of the brothel ever present
and before the season is past many new
friendships have been formed, many
modest girls have become Inured to
the trend of a downward life, and.lt
is safe to say that every little neigh'
borhood ln this fair state has Bhared
the loss of one of its girls through In
fluences caused by new acquaintances
in the hop fields.' To thinking people
the beauty of the hopflelds is overcome
by this awful condition.
J It is- true that the grower trie to
have better crowd and better con-1
dltlons. Yet it is not an easy matter
to do so since many that engage with
him fail to show up and he li com
I pelled to take all, to insure the picking
haps know, hag been organised to carry
out an honest, logical campaign on be
half of the 'Oregon Dry measure."
xne fact that they are oraranued
to carry on an "honest, logical cam
paign" makes it incumbent on them to
at once call down the Anti-Saloon
league and Prohibition party workers
and insist that in the future they tell
the truth about Kansas. If they live
up to their declarations, they will at
once notify each prohibition worker
to quit making the statement that
Kansas 1 the richest state la the
Union per capita, since every member
or the committee knows Oregon Is
much richer per capita. They will at
once notiry all their co-workers that
their statements about crime, insan
ity, pauperism, banking resources and
Individual banking deposits ln Kansas
are absolutely at variance with the
fact and they must cease or they will
come out with a statement over the
signature of the entire ninety and
plainly state the truth, which is much
worse than many of the license states,
and when it cornea to a showing as
to banking wealth, that Kansas posl
tlon 1 not only bad but it Is so bad
that every prohibitionist must really
try to forget it.
An "honest campaign" would cer
talnly force them to this course; and
then a "logical campaign," in view
of the things that an honest lnvestl
gation will reveal, would force them
to pass a resolution condemning the
abuse of liquor and declaring that bow
ever one may dislike drunkenness th
cold, pitiless loglo of experience has
proved that prohibition is not a rem
edy for the evil of intemperance.
in the committee make-up they are
at least logical; they are mostly tim'
ber barons, pedagogues or coupon
clippers none of the common herd ap
pears. This is natural, since the "reg
uiatonr would hardly want any of the
to be regulated ' close to the throne.
They might tumble to the job they
were expected to belp put up on them.
selves. D. H. ROBINSON.
lean. George W. Glick was pre- years ago the United States govern
f erred above either because, while ment took over the administration
mure oDscure. ne represented the of the customs for the benefit of
. V li. r"1- . lue rsax in creditors and is still in charge,
yuiut is mat greatness is not de
termined by a man's notoriety.
What he . actually does and the
sane motive he has in doing it are
iuo ueivriuiiuog xactors.
ONE WAY TO DO IT
I
FRANCISC VTLLA
T
N the Sunday Journal. Jnhn
Reed said that Villa is the
only.man.that can save Mexico.
I
NTHE resubmission of bids for
the construction of - the Sandy
river bridge, Multnomah county
has saved several hundred dol
lars and Is in a fair way to secure
a substantial structure.
Incidentally the value of- the
bridge department of the state
highway commission In designing
Mr. Keed spent five ; months
with Villa making an Intimate and g,Tlllg advice on technical mat-
fcuu, vi vu mxicaa people ana ter-- been ma(ie annarent. Its
their problems. He. says Carranza
is at heart an aristocrat, that he
win. not be able to solve the land
question, that Villa is the real lead-J
er 01 me Mexican people.
Whether or not Mr. Reed's fore
cast of Mexico's' future ia correct,
the fact remains that Francisco
Villa has astonished the world.
Less than a year ago - Villa left
Juares with a handful of men and
some donated guns, to become a
revolutionist. Today .his military
successes and his keenness to adopt
modern methods are ; the talk of
nations. The i former "bandit"
has become almost a world influ
ence certainly an object of regard
by thoughtful people.
John T. Mcutcheon, another
Correspondent .in Mexico, has been
etudying Villa. He says Villa's
name and ' personality stand out
more , boldly than ' the f names f and
personalities of all the other Con
stitutionalists. ' Villa has revolu
tionlzed revolutions below the Rio
of the crop in season.
If "Oregon dry" would curtail the
raising of hops, which It no doubt will
not do, the same land can be used for
other crops, and just as profitably,
since hops require rich soil and the
harvesting is -not attended with such
dire results in any other crop as is
that of hops.
BACHELOR VOTER.
(
plans and advice are available to all
the counties as well as its assistance
in the supervision of construction.
It is no longer necessary to leave
everything to the contractor as
has been done in the past.
Of course thi3 Is not appreciated
by some contractors who would
prefer to build according to their
own ideas and be free from any
interference ; by inspectors . who
would only be in the way.
' On the other hand there are
contractors who -want to have their
work inspected. They want the
public to know that they are build
ing according to the plans and are
putting "In the material specified.
They want to return a dollar ln
value for every dollar they receive.
One way to reduce taxes Is to
have the state highway commission
design and supervise the construc
tion of bridges.
- -. In One Paper's v News.
Hood River, Or July 25. To the
editor of The Journals In the Memphis
Commercial Appeal of July 21 are sev
erai interesting things, one is an
editorial which contains this passage
"Great Colonel' Roosevelt seem, un
able to hold the Progressive party to
gether. This fact ha been conclusive
ly shown for some time.'
And on another page we are told
of a boy being hanged for murder in
Arkansas, July 6; but he is the
youngest," and "last" to b hanged
legally." as they have introduced elec
tricity to get rid of the undesirables.
On page four Is a story of a negro
lynched for -stealing mules near Lake
Carmorant, Miss. The coroner Jury
took the body down and examined it,
but as the county was out of funds for
burying paupers, the Jury again "hunit
up the body so the hogs could not
get it." On the same page, same col
umn, we are told of , a man who - got
a prison sentence for killing another
man. but be bad three lawyers to help
him on hi trial, 'ibis was at mpiey.
Miss,
- Alexander Pop once said, What
ever is, is right," but some of us sin
ners can't see it that way.'
Shakespeare said, "Though Justice
The Oregonian whimpers because
The Journal has brought it : face
The Farmer and Prohibition.
Oervais, Or., July 25. To the Editor
of The Journal If I had a son and he
disregarded my teaching and gambled,
the chances are he might become a
millionaire and build a great charity
home. Not I, but the world, would
call him great. Hi deeds would be
upon his own bead, and I would
neither appreciate it nor blame the
world for his failure or success.
Back of gambling there Is little of
commercial value, but cards. Liquor
is different; it belongs to agriculture.
the greatest industry of man. To
those who say it does no good. I will
say its billions of production spin the
wheels of subsistence. Its destruc
tion would bring a change that would
destroy financial prosperity. Kill our
supply and demand by overproduction
on other products, and you destroy
the foundation that holds you up. For
we stand back of you; without us you
die. "The farmer he must feedthem
all."
Prohibition 1 too blind to see how
it could bring about better result by
enforcing good law and tattooing the
hand with a tiny flag, so the drunk
From The Commoner. j
The problem of extending the bank
ing- machinery and facilities . of the
country into the rural districts more
Intimately for the convenience and as
sistance of th rural population haa
oeen receiving profound attention ln
this country, especially in the last few
years. Th 1 difficulties arts partly
out of th diffusion and snarseness of
population in country districts, and
partly out of th clas of securities
which the farming population normally
ns 10 orrer for loans. The national
banking system up to the present time
has labored under restrictions imposed
oy law which made It impossible for
the national banks to solve the emb
lems ln th most effective way. State
oanas wun rewer restrictions, with
smaller capital requirements, ahd abil
lty to lend on real estate hav estab.
llshed more Intimate touch, and have
pernap rendered greater assistance.
Likewise certain agencies, such as
building and loan associations, insur
ance companies and mortgage deben
ture companies and cooperative credit.
associations recently created by state
legislation in Texas, Massachusetts,
New Tork and Wisconsin, operate to
extend capital to the farming districts
and thereby ln a measure to cut down
the rate of Interest.
W. W. Walter was born In Warne
county, Indiana, ln H27. Irt 1136 they
moved to Iowa, and in the" spring of
1848 they came across the plains with
the same company in which Mr. Cor
nelius and her father, William McKin- ;
ney. and other relatives, came to Ore
gon. W. V. Walter was Is years old
when they started. Ills father, the
grandfather of Mrs. Cornelius, started
if lth three wagons, 15 yoke 6C oxen,
about 30 head of cattle and three
horse. They joined Cantaln Tatha-
be In Oregon long row' company, which brought th em--:
' good night Bleep, igrant train up to 5 wagon.
in iwiini 01 meir nrsi view or.
buffaloes, he says: "It was a Strang
and fearful sight to see a pert ecte ' .
of living animals, a moving mass, that
came sweeping down toward you." Th
first time he went out' to kill a buf
falo, be went out with Luke Ilenshaw,
a young man of his own age. Th
nearer they came, th larger they
looked, and by the time they bad come
ln sun shot, they looked so big that
we sneaked away. We believed we
had not lost any buffalo that day." -
He describes graphically a stamped
that took place on the plains. He sayst
"Imagine, if you can, 65 wagon with
their three to five yoke of oxen to
a wagon, tearing along at full speed. '
Th teams doubled up, running five
or six teams abreast at times. th '"
. J women screaming, the children being
I . scattered over the prairie and yelling."
y After running two miles the stamped
was stopped, and they laid by two day
change, secured by staple agricultural
products, or other goods, ware or
merchandise from being eligible for
such discount." It was provided that
the ordinary notes, drafts, or bills ad.
mitted to discount should have matur
ity at th time of discount of not
more than 80 days, but that notes,
drafts and bills drawn or issued for
agricultural purposes or baaed on live
stock and having a maturity not ex
ceeding six months, might be dis
counted In an amount to be limited to
a percentage of the capital of the fed
eral reserve bank, to be ascertained
and fixed by the federal reserve board.
When the national banking law, com
monly called the federal reserve act,
was under discussion In congress the
matter of farm credit was considered
and debated, but it was decided that
the subject as a specific program
should be separately dealt with ln an
other act The federal reserve act was
passed with a view to the Improve
ment of the banking conditions of the
country ln the interest of all the
classes; to the restoration of normal
ity ln the banking law; to the estab
lishment of a reserve of banking power
which could be utilised In time of
emergency, and therefore with a view
to the securing of good banking at all
times, and to the prevention of panics.
It 1 not a banker' law, nor a business
man's law, nor a manufacturer' law,
nor a farmer' law; it ia. a law for
all classes, for all the people. How
ever, there were Incorporated Into the
act several very Important provisions
which had in mind specifically the
needs of the farming classes and the
possibility of extending banking fa
cilities to th rural district more sat
isfactorily. It was peclfally provided
that a federal reserve bank mlrht
"discount notes, drafts, and bills of
exchange arising out of actual com
mereial transactions; that is, notes,
draft and bill of exchange Issued or
drawn for agricultural, industrial, or
commercial purposes, or th proceeds
of which have been used, or to be
used, for such purposes." The federal
reserve board was given the right to
define the character of paper thus eli
gible for discount It was further dis
tinctly provided that nothing in the
act should be construed to "prohibit
such notes, drafts, and bill of ex-
It will be noted that not only is
paper arising out of agricultural trans
actions made eligible under the act,
but that it 1 permitted to have a
longer maturing period than other
form of paper. This discrimination
arose naturally .out of the fact that
agricultural operation are seasonal
and involve a longer period than ordl
nary commercial transactions. Again,
it was provided in the aot that na
tional banking associations not sit
uated ln the central reserve cities
might lend on Improved and unencum
bered farm land within the federal
reserve district and that such loans
might be made for any period up to
five years. Such loan must not ex
ceed 50 per cent of the actual value
or the property. Any national bank
under this provision of the act mav
loan on farm land an amount in th
aggregate equal to 25 per cent of Us
capital ana surplus or one-third of Its
time deposits. The federal reserve act
therefore, so far from dlacriminatlna-
against the farming classes distinctly
bear tbem ln mind, and while not dis
criminating In favor of them taes
just and particular knowledge of their
requirements.
The matter of additional legislation
concerning farm credits was promptly
brought to th attention of eongres
by the president In the regular session
In his annual message, and many ex
Pert have been giving persistent and
careful attention to the problem.
It 1 the Judgment of the best stu
dent of economlo condition her that
there 1 needed to supplement exist
ing agencies a proper land mortgage
banking- system operating only through
private funds. Just as other banking
institutions operate, and this judg
ment Is shared by the leader of eco
nomlo thought abroad.
Th students recognise the desira
bility of another piece of legislation
which may properly be had at the
hand of th several states, namely,
legislation authorizing 'and encourag
ing local personal cooperative credit
association. Some states have already
taken step in thl direction and oth
ers are contemplating taking1 them.
Th department of agriculture has
road earn eat lg-veatlgatlon In this
field and should soon be ia position to
offer valuable suggestions a to th
need and operation of such association.
LIFE INSURANCE AS A SYSTEM OF SAVING
By John M. Osklson.
Insurance people sell insurance pri
marily, and rightly, as protection
asralnst loss or Injury on account of
ard, gone beyond recall, could drink ' some future happening, certain or un
no more. Prohibition says drunkards' ; certain. But the companies also sell
children are degenerated weaklings. I life Insurance on the endowment plan.
My honest observation has been that , based on the argument that it leads
thm verr few unfortunatalv Thnrn arm. ..v4 Tn th, hv
avasb au axa ' a a aa i arwsaaava j
the. very few unfortunately bom are
mostly children of our brightest sober
parentage, while among" our greatest
statesmen are sons of drunkards.
Anarchy la an abuse of personal
liberty. Th same la true of prohibi
tion. - . 1
Vote wet. for temperance.
ELLA M. FINNBT.
1
Government Loans to Farmers.
Portland. July 27. To the Editor of
The Journal I understand there is
available 1600,000.000 for farm loans
under an act of ctfngress. Where can
one make application for a loan, please
advise me ln The journal.
' ' A SUBSCRIBER
The inquirer evidently . confuse
terms of a measure merely proposed,
with provision of the recently enacted
banking law. Thl law mark an ad
vance toward a rural credit system,
but lacks the specific aid feature abotx
which inquiry la made.- An article oa
thl page state th term "of the new
act as regards provision for loanq to
farmers. l'.:fr'
The Consumer aa Freight Payer.
Portland, July 27. To th Editor of
The JournalWhy : panic and pov
erty, unrest and no peace? The soil,
at the bidding of labor, produces the
sustenance and the raw material for
clothing and housing th ' nation.
Labor in turn passes the production
on to the trad and commerce for dis
tribution to the consumer. So far
to saving, in that sense, they say
that buying an endowment policy is
a wise investment for th average
man. . . ' - -
They have pretty good arguments,
too. For instance:
Tou would hav to - take to the sav
ings bank regularly for 27 years theJ
amount you pay ln premium on a pol
icy before the total of your savings
would amount to aa much as the In
surance company will pay you. -
But la that. tim 276 out of every
1000 who could pas the examination
for a policy would be dead. If all of
them had possessed the win and de
termination to be saving bank de
positor during their - whole working
life they would still not fare as -well
(that is. their estate would not fare
as well) as if they had been paying
premiums on life Insurance policies.
Of course, if every Insurable man
and woman could be made to patron
ise the savings banks, th Insurance
companies' argument would not stand
up. Their own table of mortality
show that 725 out of every 1000 In
surable people are living at 48, and
If w had onr way we'd stipulate
that at age 20 .the process of saving
should begin.
Long ago th insurance people
round out that men and women will
not voluntarily take Insurance they
have to be called upon and argued
with "a only a solicitor working for
commissions can argue. Now, life
insurance la, undoubtedly a good thing
to have.
The necessity for forming the habit
of saving something, regularly and
persistently, is Just aa pressing as
that for carrying a reasonable amount
of life Insurance. But the saving a
bank do not hav aolicltor to com
to you and convince you by argument
ana xigure that you oueht to save:
I don't know bow long It will be be
fore they adopt that course.
1 Meanwhile it will be worth while
for you to listen to those who say
mat a in insurance policy la an ln
centlv to saving. It is.
to fix up the broken wagons and broken
ox bows.
Their company went with Stev
Meek to find a new road to th Wil
lamette valley. He says: "We trav
eled up to the Malheur through the
8nake river, through sage, lava and
sand, forcing our way forward where
there was no- sign of a trail, and tak- -
lng turns to go ahead with the team
to break the road. We divided up in
small companies until we came to
Stinking Hollow, where we all cam
together and camped for a week while
we sent out runners to look over the
country to the southward. A child
was born while we were watting In
this camp. We finally headed back
toward The Dalies. We were all starv
ing and sick, we were out of food, and
eating the emigrant, cattle made many
of us sick. There were threats of
hanging Meek, but as It waa thought
he knew more than anybody else, about
the country, la was not done.
"On the night our scouts returned
Meek, with his wife and a man named
Olney, slipped out of camp, and ln th
morning the men swam the Deschutes
river and tied a rope to Meek wife
and pulled ber across the river. When
we came to the river we lashed our
wagon boxes together for a ferry and
stretched a rope across, and so crosaed
the river. The Deschutes hill I a
long, steep bill, and while w were
going down the hill, old lady Butts
died. When we reached The Dalle
It was so late all the boats had gone,
so we built rafts of logs. We cut the
logs, rolled them Into the river, and
lashed them together, and put our
wagons on the rafts, trusting to luck
to get through safely. We drove the
stock by the old Indian trail. It was
November and cold, rainy weather.
and the people on the rafts wer sick.
hungry, cold and miserable. W boy
who drove the stock wer nearly
starved.
"Charley McKlnney and my nephew
killed a crow and cooked it but he
could not eat It and neither could L
W gave it to Anderson Cox, my
brother-in-law, and he tried to eat it
but be could not make It stay down.
When we got to the Cascades, th
rafts .were all there, so we hitched
the oxen onto the wagons and mad 1
th portage across the Cascade over
six miles of the worst roads any white
man ever' tried to travel. The -mud
was hub deep and It took, us three
days to make the six miles.
At ort Vancouver, ur. jucLoagnim
gave us food. This was the first time
we naa naa enougn to eat tor wees.
A good many got sick from over-eat-ing.
but none of them died. Dr. lie
Loughlin loaned us boats belonging to -
ed on the main land at the head of
8auvlea Island. From here we crosaed
the Willamette slough, where we pot
ous wagon together and pulled out -for"
Tualatin plains.
T urn m lot. fn . TW.mh., ,
Christmas, when we finally moved into- -a
little cabin It feet square. We
traded two of our thin oxen for a fat
steer, which we killed and ate. We
. . . . .1.1.. ..11. . .
kOUD gvl wun Diaaiii. iwm iwr an
Englishman by the name of White. He
gave us a bushel of wheat or a bush I
of riotatoea. whichever we Preferred.
McKlnney and myaeir took some of
the wheat up to a little mill on dales .
"On the plains tn those day there
. . . . . . n- .nv .t 1 rt vmwmmrm m nun.
lain men,-and former employes of th .
Hudson Bay company. Most of the
men were Scotch, most ' the women
squaws, and practically all Of the chll-
r en were halfbreeda.
"Th McKay family, who lived here,
were particularly kind to us. Peter H.
ourofii, a 11 js " t " ....
vra aitrwara governor or uuugrmii -ti4
this aattlamant Next SPtina
w took up a claim of good land.
Late ln the fall of 1147 news cam
of the massacre of Dr. Whitman with
hi wif and many others, a em iw
volunteers was made and I enlisted in "
Captain Lawrence Hall' company.".
be thy plea, consider' this: that in the man' work? Is honest and fruitful, but
course of justice none of us should see trade and commerce, ln the hand of
salvation." . I avarice and corrupt politics, ar not
Maybe that' so. Who -can tellT ! disposed to be satisfied with th Just
J. M. BLOSSOM. I rains of honest efforts. At this stage.
graft, usury, extortion, craft and cun
ning become active and rob' not only
the consumer of their portion of th
production but filch from labor as
well, even to the poverty of absolute
hunger and nakedness of each.- Next
comes society with its vanity and vice
of frivolous and riotous living . to
squander th plunder purloined from
The Committee of One Hundred.
Portland. July 25- To the Editor of
The Journal My attention has , been
called to letter sent out by the Ore
gon Dry Committee of One Hundred.
I note with - pleasure the following
statement made therein: "The com
mittee of One Hundred, - as you per-
labor and th consumer. .
But lo, the poor consumer I - He la
a more belplesa victim than labor. He
not only give his toll toward man's
work, but must assume th whole
burden of .profit to labor for produc
tion, to honest trade for distribution,
to graft for politics, to extortions for
dishonest trade, to waste for society
and to expense for restricting vice
and critnal
We Know, or should b willing to
learn by listening to reason If we
will or by painful experience If we
must that . natural - and . unnatural
things have their growth and decay,
easy or painful a th case may ba,
and that th purpose at th alpha 1
always refUcted in th omega.
We go on with our predatory pros
perity and pursuit or pnantom pleas
ure, thinking to go beyend th rest
and peace or honest endeavor, nut also.
th goal Is forever beyond our reach.
Must it always be so7 we trust not
for the world Is beautiful and so ar
the people when reason prevail. -
Graft ia not business, and business
to b successful needs no graft
The Ragtime Muse
Down and Out Ballad.
I wonder what ray yacht would bring;
The yacht will nave to go
Unless I part with Spender's Pride
My shooting place, you know.
This week I've nad to sell three cars,
And that' a stunning blow.
X tried a market tip. but lost
Of thousands not a few;
A worthy charity I had
To give six hundred, too.
There's Dickie Splurge the lucky dog
lie is in no such stew I .
X might go in with Sharp, but there's
His spendthrift, tattling cub;
Unless things change, I'll hav to drop
My twenty-seventh club.
How to economize without
Such skimping there' , th rub.
Apoor man never can enjoy ''
The simplest thlnir that s clear,
A fifteen dollar lunch I find
Seems lately rather dear.
For sixty thousand dollars now
Is all I hav a year)
About Persona.
Mrs. A D.. Wlaship, 82 year old.
is a student in the University of Wis
consin. .... '
Mrs. H. A- G ruber of Wllkesbarra,
Pa., ha a letter written 100 year ago
. v Rlrri a ravoliitlflnar malm-
U J mmnzm ' -
dier. , "' - ' ' ". .
Mia Myra Tyreii, 40 years a scnooi .
teacher, died at 12 ln Phoenix. Aria,
leaves $50,000 to found home for. old
eats.
M. G- Browne, who wants or nee.
mm.m.m.mm da aa amrVl 4rSOT A rtllMatl - A.
.SW m. m trmmm.4 AM A A W-4 SB- ' -
trayln away In 4ull times
The Sunday Journal
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Illustrated magazine of quality.
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