THE JOURNAL!
less delays, which
AN INDKPKNDKNT NfcWUPAPER . I I6B8 . ana UnjUSt
red tape and end-
are both ; need-
C. 8. JAf'KHOV
.Pohllaber
Pshllabad avery craning teicept Monday) and!
, frrry Hanitay nornlng at The Journal Balld
tng. Bwmli,i and YamblHI ta.. Pinflanri. Or.
Katereri at the poaroffic at Portland. Or., for
tranamlmiow through .ttbe wall aa ' Mcond
rlaaa anattar. - ,
TKLKPHONKH Malo 778; Horoa, A-0O61. All
departments reached by theae aumbera. Tall
th" mwrator what department yon want.
f-OKKIU ADVEHTIHI.no HKPRKSBXTATIVB
ftenjaioln it Keotnor Co., Braoawick Bldg.,
2S Hfth At.. Stw Xork;, 121 People's
Wtla;., Chicago. - -
Unban tpttoa, terma br anall ar to. any ad
dreaa la . tba tatted ftttftae. e Mexico:
- DAILY -
On yea $9.00 Ooa month...... .9 -60
BCKDA.T- , .
, Ooa yaar.......2-60 I Oea atoatii. ....... f .26
. DAILY AND aUNDAY.
One rear. ...... I7.A0 J Oo cannt !......-$ .85
Senator Root told the commit
tee that present codes of procedure
have created "acute, adroit law
yers,"! who are able to hinder Jus
tice with trivial technicalities. He
said It Is possible to force a poor
man to start twenty suits in New
i York in order to enforce a simple
Claim. Such a situation Is intol
erable, for it often makes -a mock
ery of justice.
i Mr.f Taft said there is nothing
Ths flower that smiles today.
Tomorrow dies;
All that we wish to stay,
) I. Tempts, and then file;
Wtikt I) this world's delight T
Lightning that mocka the night,
Brief even, as bright.
Shelley.
was In '188 7, when - the senate by
a vote of 16 for to 34 against,
with 26 absent. - rejected a- pro
posed amendment. It Is possible,
of course, that the Chamberlain
resolution will npt pass that body,
but the ' vote s oft tabling - It Indi
cates that i If woman suffrage is
rejected by the present Congress,
the resolution will meet defeat In
the house of representatives.
Whatever happens to the meas
ure in this Congress, the fact is
apparent that the movement in
behalf of votes; for women has
in the constitution to prevent radl- j demonstrated its growth and pres
cal reform of federal Jurisprudence. ; ent strength. ,A woman suffrage
He declared that lawyers are prac-' measure has been reported favor
tlcally a unit in favor of simple j ably by a majority of the senate
rules of practice for all courts, fed- j committee on "six different occa-
eral and state. He urged that the sions. But only once has it re-
judgment of the legal profession,
based ion . experience, should be re
spected. He spoke strongly against
the "Judicial family" system which
has grown up in United States
ceived a unanimous report, and
that was last June when the Cham
berlain resolution was presented
The house has been less favor
able to the movement. In 1890
courts, saying it has come to be j the house judiciary committee by
considered dangerous for a law-' a majority vote recommended ac
ta
WHO'S TAX-BOG?
THE administration of Governor
West has been the most expen
sive to the taxpayers In the
atate'a history. The
state must he extricated from
the tax-boa; In which it has been
plunged by too liberal expenditures
of public money. The Oregonlan does
not at all aay that Governor "West Is
solely responsible for our present
conditions. Oregonlan.
In the Interest of, truth, why
doesn't the Of egonian place the
..responsibility where it belongs?
Why doesn't it, in the interest of
fairness, acknowledge the part
. played by the legislative gang at
Salem last winter?
Governor West didn't appropri
ate the $6,850,996.42 levied on the
people as a result of the 1913 ses
sion. Governors oannot pass ap
propriatlon bills
legislate.
It was the 1S13 legislature that
' passed the appropriation bills that
the people are now paying in hlghj
taxes. It was the- senate and;
yer to criticise the acts of
clerks who hold appointments from
judges.
The opinion of these men, promi
nent in national affairs, and lead
ers among lawyers, should have
weight. There should be a radical
change, as they suggest. Our
courts need reforming bo that
technical complications will be im
possible. It ought to be possible
for the ordinary person to secure
justice without an accumulation of
expenses and almost perpetual
hitches? and postponements.
tion on the subject, and prior to
that time several minority reports
favoring passage were made to the
lower chamber.
It is only a matter of time
when women will secure the neces
sary two third's vote in both sen
ate and house. They can well af
ford fo follow the policy of watch
ful waiting.
last Wednesday evening, and Sut
ton was; in his room. ! There was.
a report, , and they found him on J
the floor with a wound .from a pis
tol bullet that entered the right
temple and passed out on the left
side of the head. He died yester
day. Whether from suicide or ac-
A FEW SMILES
111
Visiting- New York for the first time
Uncle Henry happened to figure In an
exciting runaway accident. I
When be was fi
nally rescued his
a nvinne nanhata a w
cldent, three fatherless children ; claimed:
and their widowed mother know! "You must have
to its depth the misery that the e" frightened
pistol brings. It Is the great tool j aI f"., re
of death, made to widowize wo-sjpnea 'uncle Henry,
men and orphanlze little children, i "To tell the truth.
and It does its work with frightful ' hardly knew the difference, rve been
pfflHpnrv . traveling at a pretty lively gait ever
eiiiciency. . j since I struck town." Judge's Quar-
i terly.
. Though absent on (account of' . I
being quarantined, Mrs Frank My i After, listening to the charge made
era was unanimously : elected by i by ",e p1,ce officer, the Judge turned
"Did I understand
you to say you had
an alibi T I
J'No, your honor,"
replied th prison
er. "I am a poor man
and my lawyer
wanted $25 extra to
f u r n Is h one.''
Judge's Quarterly1,
PERTINENT COMMENT AND NEWS IN BRIEF
SMALL CHAAGK
THE WOOL" PRICK
IS A PLEDGE A PLEDGE?
T
HE attention of the Democrat
ic members in the American
senate and house is called to
the following utterances in
the Baltimore platform:
T
WENTY-Slx thousand pounds
of wool sold at Pendleton yes
terday to Philadelphia buyers
at one cent per pound more
than the same grade ,of wool
brought last year.
Wool men are compelled to re
peal their prejudices. They pre
dicted that the sheep industry
would be ruined by free wool.
We have free ool and the
first sale or wool is one - cent a
year ago.
delegates from the Parent-Teachn
er Association to represent that
organization at the National Coin
gress of Mothers to be held In
Washington April. 22 to 27. The j
election is a tribute to; Mrs. Myers j
for her record as president of the ;
Parent-Teacher Association. Dur-1
Lag her term she has brought every
Grammar ' school In Portland into
the organization, and by
achievement has given Portland a
distinction beyond that of any
other city In the country in that t
field.
We favor the exemption from tolls
flfwiornnra An not ! of American ships engaged in coast
wise waae passing mrougn me rana- pounj higher than a
Our platform is one of principles Manufacturers in the East are in
which we believe to be essential to ; a- grand scramble for wool, in
our national welfare. Our pledges j stead of being flooded with cheap
are mans 10 ds aepx wnen in hjm, tnreien -wool ns was. nrAdlr-tpri. Or.
during the
as wan as relied upon
house machine, organized for the j campaign.
special , business of prftting "thej Their attention is also directed
governor In a hole" that drove aH j to a public utterance by their fel
low Democrat and distinguished
American statesman, Secretary of
State Bryan, made at Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania, in May, 1913. It
is as follows:
A man who violates a party plat
form and betrays his party and the
people Is a criminal worse than the
man who embezzles money. It is a
settled principle of this country that
a platform is binding upon every man
kinds of appropriations through the
body over the governor's protest,
over the minority's protest and
over the governor's vetoe.
The machine thought It fine fun
then to override the vetoes. The
Oregonlan thought it fine sport, 1
too. It patted the legislative gang
on the back. It used its columns
to, help beat West's plans for econ
omy. It urged on the skulduggery
that made not "West's administra
tion." But the last legislature 'fthe
most expensive in the state's his
tory." ..
There are open records of the
1913 session. There is no room
for debate over what transpired.
A sample occurrence Is a message
sent both houses by the Governor
February 25, 1913. It was a veto
of the general appropriation bill,
and it shows who was piling taxes
up against the people and who was
trying to save the people from high
taxes. The message is as follows:
I return herewith House Bill No. 1
28 with my veto. This bill carries
74 Items and a total appropriation
of $1,231,218.90. Most of the Items
are meritorious and the appropriation
necessary for the proper conduct of
our state government. There are
other items and amounts, however, of
questionable merit which have been
Included In .this bill and undoubtedly
for the purpose of Insuring their pas
sage. The practice of presenting blanket
appropriation bills Is wrong tn prin
ciple because it deprives the executive
of Ills constitutional right" to veto
unless he should take it upon himself,
as I have done in this instance, to
veto the bill as a whole and thus
delay needed appropriations. Further,
the measure carries an emie-rgencv
clause which deprives the people of
- this state of their constitutional right
to invoke the referendum upon any
part thereof. .
Good business and" "the best Inter
ests of the taxpayers of this state de
mand that such appropriations; as are
covered by this bill be classified and
presented In smaller units. I . know
of no greater service you can ren
der to your state than that of pre
senting these appropriations In the
manner here suggested and thereby
aet an example for future legislators.
I. therefore, am returning House
Bill No. 6J8 with my disapproval, for
- further consideration, leaving it to
you to act for the best interests of
the already over-burdanad taxpayers
. of this atate ox to t ores from their
pockets, by doubtful legislative meth
ods, questionable, unjtost and! exces
sive charges.
The legislative gang paid no at
tention to this appeal for economy.
It rode rough shod over the gov
ernor's petition. It passed the ap
propriation bill with its unworthy
Items over the governor's veto, arid
the people are now paying the bills.
The Oregonlan squawks much:
about high taxes now. Why did it
not protest then? "Why didn't It
upbraid the senate and house
gang? Why didn't It commend
West f or the above message and
, veto?
Because it was standing in with
the gang. It helped to make taxes
; high. Its talk about high taxes
now Is for political purposes. It
Is trying- to make buncombe. It
thinks it can bamboozle the .public.
, ; It Isn't on the square.
RADICAL COURT REFORMERS
ders for manufactured goods are
heavy, and some of the mills are
working overtime to supply their
customers. The manufacturing
market is in the best condition in
years, with little wool to fill the
requirement.
Wool buyers started the season
with an attempt to purchase fleece
wool on contract at two cents be
low last year's market, but failed
to make the scheme work and are
now endeavoring to buy wool on
that runs on that platform. Some J contract at two to tnree cents, per
men violate platforms because they j pound higher than the price at
which they started the season.
say they cannot violate tneir con
science. Far be It from me to have
a man violate his conscience. No man
should violate his conscience, but that
does libt mean that he -should violate
his party platform. It means that
his conscience should begin to . work
before he is elected, and not after
ward. 1
Mr. Bryan was right. The Dem
ocratic arty was right at Balti
more in declaring "our pledges are
made to be kept when In office,
as well as relied upon during the
campaign."
No condition has arisen, and no
' condition can arise, at home or
abroad to warrant or excuse or
condone the Democratic congres
sional majority if It attempts to
repeal the Democratic platform
by repealing free tolls.
Repeal of either will be a policy
of surrender, of un-Americanism
and of scuttle.
No calamity that wool men pre
dicted as certain to follow free
wool has appeared. Mutton is
high and po are lambs. The whole
Industry Is active and full of op
timism.
The great stable business of
growing wool for clothing man
kind rests on a more substantial
foundation than the mere fiat of
a few lawmakers. The world gives
wool an intrinsic value because it
has to have it.
The Retail Grocers' i Association
has asked for passage of an ordi
nance to require the closing of all
grocery stores on Sunday. Re
gardless of any other reason, those
who keep places open Sundays and
thereby toil seven days a week
ought to be saved from themselves.
Society harms itself and the race
by permitting a business slavery
that knows no day of rest.
The breakfast had been a silent one,
that ' ani Mr- Crabshaw had failed to eat
nis Scattered oats, a lact that did not
escape his better
half. The conver
sation then took
this form:-
Mrs. Crabshaw
According to you,
this breakfast food
Isn't good for any
thing. Crabshaw Not
at all, my dear. I think it would be
first rate stuff to sprinkle on the side
walk during slippery weather,
Letters From the People
I I I !! .1.1.111 .11 .1 -I-. J I
A """"""
( Communication aent to Tha Journal for
publication in this department ahonld be writ
ten on only ona aide of the paper, ahotold not
exceed 800 ward, in length and muat be ac
companied by the name and addreae of tba
aender. It the writer 6oea not deaira to
kKTe the name published, he should so atate.)
"Dlacnaalon la the greatest of an reform
era. It ratlonallaea cTerythlnc It toacbea. It
robe principles of aU false sanctity and
throwa them back on their reasonableness. If
tber bare no reaaonableneaa. It rnthleaalr
crushes them ont ot existence acd seta op Its
own conclusions in their stead. Woodrow
Wilson.
A little girl had sent back her plate
for chicken two or three times, and
had been helped bountifully to all the
other rich things
that go to' make a
good dinner. Final
ly she was observed
looking rather dis
consolately at her
unfinisted plate of
pudding.
"What's the mat
ter, Dora?" asked
Uncle John. "Tou look mournful."
"That's Just the matter," said Dora,
"I am more'n full."
Then she wondered why everybody
laughed.
Too many unemployed men really
want to remain unemployed, but to be
wen iea.
It case of bad weather, lay It to
the sun sDots: that's easy, and they
don't care.
No wonder Billy Sunday yells and
cavorts; in eight weeks at Pittsburg be
cleaned up $35,000.
A million years hence, likely, there
will be preachers declaring that the
end of the world is at hand.
Araln Lincoln R,arhv wn nar
rowly escaped: he may be hu (raring: the
aeiusion mat his is a permanently
charmed le.
It is only the women with an ali
mony income of over 13000 a year
who can Invent any reason or excuse
ior not paying an income tax.
a a
That's right the project to give
away rose slips ior parking spaces be
tween sidewalks and curbs; make Port
land more asd more the Hose City.
Tight corsets cause half the dj
vorces, says a woman doctor and lec
turer. But not exactly because the
nusbands are jealous of the corsets.
A man who could not write his name
made a million dollars raising: hoars.
But his success was not necessarily
cue to his illiteracy. In fact, anybody
can make money tne same way.
One man says that when his friends
first suggested his running for a state
office he considered it a Joke. It
might be well for all concerned if some
other candidates would take the same
view, not only at first, but . perma
nently.
a
Last winter in sunny southern Cali
fornia it was a hugely destructive frost
that visited the fruit buds; now great
torrents of water have wrought havoc
with orchards and farms and city
property. In Brood old Oregon the wa
ter aoesn t come and act In that way,
OREGON SIDELIGHTS
Street ravine and a municipal light
nlant are toDics that are under con
sideration by the Better Wallowa club.
w
Baker's fir department found Feb
ruary an easy month, indeed. The boys
were called to but one lire, ana mat
was put out before they got to it.
W W
Ordinances to keen tobacco from
boys under 18. and to enforce honest
weighing and measuring, are being pre
pared by the city attorney or josepn.
W w
The Estacada fair committee has se
lected September 8 and 9 as the day?
for the fair, so that winning exhibits
may be sent to the county fair, at
Canby, September 16 to 20.
w
Eugene authorities are- looking for
a new water source, beyond the Wil
lamette, from which t.ie city s supply
Is drawn at present. It is proponed
to sink test wells to ascertain the
available volume. Ground for a septic
tank site has also been purciiasoo.
Hood River's fire bell presents an
unusual municipal problem. It rea.ll;
makes such a big noise tliat It can't
be heard all over the desired fielit.
Some say a smaller bell with a sharp
note will alone deliver the neceasary
clangor, while others advocate a
whistle alarm system.
The Greshsm Outlook, entering Its
fourth year, 'boasts that "neither has
it failed to b on the offensive editor
ially whenever any Institution or con
dition has been threatened that per
tained to the welfare of the commu
nity," and asserts that "as a business
venture it has been a success."
a
Dufur Dispatch: Miss Ada McCoy
left at this office an apple which hnd
lain on the ground all winter. Th
apple Is of the Yellow Newtown variety
and is as sound and perfect as when
It fell from the tree, which shows the
remarkable keeping qualities of this
fruit, as well as the mildness of the
, winter.
IN earlier! liAVS
Uy Fred lkfeyl:
THE BLUE SKY LAW
TAXING REAL- ESTATE
N
T
EW YORK'S legislature is
considering a bill, the pur-
pose of which is to lessen I
tax burdens upon improve
ments to real estate If the meas
ure becomes a, law; land will be
assessed at its full rvalue and the
assessment placed against improve
ments wih be gradually reduced to
50 per cent of their true value.
The bill has aroused a vigorous
protest from influential sources,
the Wall Street Journal, taking up
the cudgel against it. The claim
is made that New Tork cannot af
ford to wipe out any portion of her
assessed valuation because of the
influence, it would have upon New
York City's ability to bond itself.
There may be no probability
that the measure will become a law
at this session of the legislature,
but the fact that such a change
in the state's system of taxation
has been proposed is significant.
The proposed change is doubly sig
nificant in view of the opposition
HE constitutionality of Ore
gon's blue sky law., is being
tested in the courts. It is al
leged that the act impairs
the freedom of contract, that it
violates the Interstate commerce
provision of the federal constitu
tion, and that prescribed penalties
are excessive.
Pleadings filed in circuit court
cover practically every accusation
which could be brought against
the law, and for that reason the
pending case Is important. Its
final determination will fix the
status of the measure. The com
plaints are comprehensive, and it
should be possible for the courts,
if they find defects .in the act, to
point out its weak spots.
The United States court for the
eastern district of Michigan has
declared that state's blue sky law
in conflict with the federal con
stitution. On the other hand, an
other United States court has held
that Iowa's law does not violate
any provision of that Instrument.
Attorneys for the plaintiff in
the Michigan case claimed that the
blue sky laws of Oregon, Arkansas,
California, Florida, Georgia, Ida
ho, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Mon
tana, North Carolina, Ohio, Ver
mont, North and South Dakota and
West Virginia were open to some
or all of the objections held to be
it has aroused
The . purpose of people behind 1 fatal by the Michigan federal court
the bill is to encourage the im-jlt Is-therefore evident that the
provement of . real estate and to j United States supreme court must
discourage speculative holding of 'finally determine constitutional
S
IMPLIFICATION of procedure
In federal courts Is proposed
in a bill pending in Congress.
Last week former president
Taft, Senator Root and jAJton R.
Parker appeared before the house
judiciary committee and 1 urged a
. favorable) report on the measure.
The - bill empowers the supreme
s court to. frame and prescribe uni
iorm rules or common law pro
cedure In : federal district courts.
It is a measure, aimed at technical
ities; Its purpose la to do away
land. The speculator's profits rep
resent unearned wealth, and the
Saturday Evening Post distin
guishes between gratuitous
earned property. j
The Post says jthat on earned
property taxes should fall lightest.
Unimproved land held speculative
ly for a rise should pay more r
not lesEi taxes than property which
human effort has -made useful to
the community.
WOMAN SUFFRAGE
T!
HE United States senate by a
vote of 47 to 14 refused last
Monday to table Senator
Chamberlalnts. resolution pro
posing a woman suffrage amend
ment to the federal constitution.
This ; action does: not necessarily
mean that the resolution ' will pass
the senate, but It nas large signifi
cance in showing the- trend of
sentiment.
Only once in the history of the
country has a resolution for equal
franchise "rights been voted on by
then United States senate. That
questions growing out of allegations
concernin g Interstate commerce.
But blue 6ky laws are here to
and ! stay. There is no virtue in the
assertion concerning Oregon's law
that there is no adequate reason
for the police powers delegated by
the act. The statement that "there
does not exist any necessity for
the law for the health, safety
morals or essential welfare of peo
ple of the state" will not bear
scrutiny.
Nobody questions the constitu
tionality of laws which seek to
prevent highway robbery. Why
should the state be prevented from
safeguarding people against day
light robbery by conscienceless cor
porations which are organized to
prey upon the unwary? If such -a
law is unconstitutional, the consti
tution should be changed.
There are .three fatherless chil
dren and a widow at 1456 East
Harrison street, Portland. Wil
liam Sutton was the bread winner
and protector, and he had a pistol.
The wife was preparing dinner
Hay.Panncefote Interpretation.
Portland, March 4. To the Editor of
The Journal I note with approval
your comments touching the contro
versy over the question of tolls and
national honor now being waged
against the exemption, law In favor of
American shippers in coastwise traf
fic through the Panama canal. . But,
so far, I, have failed to notice in all
that, has been eaid in construction of
the terms of the Hay-Pauncefote
treaty, any reference or claim as to
the genuine crux of the treaty. That
portion of the treaty in controversy
reads as follows:
"The canal shall be free and open to
the vessels of commerce and of, war
of all nations observing these rules on
terms of entire equality, so that there
shall be no discrimination against any
such nation, or its citizens or sub
jects In respect of the conditions or
charges of traffic or otherwise. Such
conditions and charges of traffic shall
be Jost and equitable."
While in a sense this Is in part a
treaty, yet it is more strictly a conces
sion, specific in terms applicable to
traffic through the canal, on the part
of the United States. Ownership In
construction and maintenance is in the
United States and the right of traffic,
to foreign shippers, is a concession
to such on equality each with the
other, on Jus't and equitable charges.
The concession Is to foreign govern
ments and shippers, on Just and equit
able terms, without any specified or
implied terms or agreements as to the
use of the canal by American shippers.
The terms are specific only as to for
eign shippers, and have no application
directly, specifically or Impliedly
touching transportation or use of the
canal by the government of the United
States. i
The only guarantee, to foreign ship
pers, as to equal privileges is that1
the terms shall he Just and equitable,
while to American shippers the ques
tion of tolls is one, of domestic policy
to be adopted by the United States gov
ernment without dictation from for
eign sources. The tolls may be free
or specific, just as the government
may elect. Free tolls, however, is a
matter deserving serious' consideration
in view or the vast cost of construc
tion and the continuing expense of up
keep and maintenance governmentally.
Under the domestic policy of ship sub
sidies any foreign government may
provide for free tolls through the canal
to her shippers by payment of the re
quired tolls from the government
treasury. The authorities in charge of
the canal will not be required to in
quire who Is paying the tolls. Their
business will be to collect the required
charges and see that the equitable
rules are observed, and nothing more.
(The question of tolls charged to Amer
ican shippers, whether free, specific or
uniform, is not a question of interna
tional inquiry, or subject to foreign
dictation. Therefore, I hold that tolls
ror American snips is a question or j
domestic control, subject only to the
best Judgment of government author
ity, without Jingoism.
American honor is not at stake, nor
in anywise involved, unless some for
eign government sees proper to at
tempt to invade vested rights; treaty
stipulations are not in Issue and jingo
appeals are visionary and absurd. It
is a matter of surprise that any latter
day logician should be led to hold that
the United States, after expending her
millions In construction and promise of
upkeep, should surrender to all foreign
governments equal rights, privileges;
benefits and management of the canal.
without any corresponding concessions
and benefits. W. H. ODELL.
police department, the fire department
and the street cleaning department,
etc., are overloaded with men, and that
half the forces would do Just as well.
This applies also to the working dep
uties in all departments. Let the
taxes be cut to half what they are at
present, and let us cut the coat ac
cording to the cloth. CITIZEN.
HUERTA AND HIS YEAR OF CHAOS
To Support Free Tolls.
St. Johns, Or., March 3. To the Edi
tor of The Journal Your recent edito
rials criticising the president's change,
or stand regarding the Panama tolls
proposition constitutes most whole
some and refreshing reading, and cer
tainly demonstrates the independent
character of The Journal.
Much could be done to save the day
and to encourage congressmen to stand
firm for the right In this matter, if
persons acquainted with eastern mem
bers would write to theni along the
lines of your editorials. Bo'th senators
and representatives appreciate letters
of the above suggested character, and
much good often results In legislative
matters by a letter writing campaign,
the same furnishing the members food
for reflection.
To Illustrate the point I am trying
to make: As soon as the Shackleford
good roads bill passed the house, and I
learned that under the Bourne bill
Oregon would receive almost double
the money the state would get under
the Shackleford bill, and that all of
tha western states would be affected
in like manner, I wrote to several
members and the following few words
from one answer shows the favorable
side and what we can hope for: i
"I am in full accord with the good
roads bill of Senator Bourne, and am
opposed to the bhackleford pork bar
rel road bill, and shall do what I can
to see that it is defeated."
I suggest a letter campaign in favor
of both the Bourne good roads hill and
the Panama tolls bill, along the inde
pendent lines of your editorials.
L). C. LEWIS.
Written In four parts for the United
Press by an American in Mexico.
Part III.
With the two- Maderos and Suaree
murdered, and countless others who
opposed him "mysteriously missing,"
Huerta's dictatorship developed into a
veritable reign of terror. Huerta's
only hope of holding his blood bought
power was to shed more blood.
The house of deputies, not realizing
to what lengths the new president
would dare go, began to protest
against Huerta's methods. One evening
at 6 o'clock a cordon of soldiers sur
rounded the house of deputies, while
other soldiers entered and arrested
100 of the leading statesmen of Mex
ico. They were herded to Jail like
common prisoners, and tney were
hardlx locked up in their cells before
Huerta declared himself dictator or
the country. He called an election. It
was held. A new house of deputies
was chosen, every man of whom was
Huerta's servant. At a previous make
believe election, Huerta had been
chosen president, but .the votes were
so few and so obviously controlled
that even Huerta didn't dare to call
himself elected.
And so, with infinite craft, he or
dered his new house of deputies to
declare that the election was void and
that another election be held on July
5, 1914, and that, in the meantime,
Huerta be considered provisional pres
ident. This congress also voted to
Huerta dictatorial powers and then
adjourned, leaving him In sole posses
sion of the government, in a situation
that made his word and order as
strong as any laws that both houses
might pass.
Huerta trust his officers. He said
once In a, burst of confidence to Nel
son CShaughnessy, charge d'affaires
in the American embassy: "I can't
trust my officers. I only wish I had
about 150 American captains down
here. I'd clean those rebels , out in a
short time."
Graft prevailed In every corner of
the army. "One trouble ia that nobody
in my army ever dies," said Huerta on
another occasion. "Death never causes
any changes In the payroll. Five hun
dred soldiers may be killed In a battle,
but the payroll never shows It." And
se what money Huerta waa able to
gather together In various ways waa
vainly spent, in the main. It was like
pounding sand into a rat hole; he
didn't get his money's worth of mili
tary effort at any stage of the gama
Even if the United 8tates had recog
nized him, however, and he had been
able to secure all the funds he wished
for, Huerta could not have crushed
the revolution against him. Proof of
this' is the fact that Porflrlo Dlas,
himself, with $62,000,000 In his treas
ury and means of securing much
more, was forced to yield to Madero's
demands that he resign. Diaz knew
that it was not money he needed, but
men; and he knew that the time had
come"when, among the oppressed mil
lions, there were not to be found
enough men to make up an army that
would support oppressors.
Mrs. Jacob Kamm. wh haa lived in
Portland all her life, i t ijr-nnectlng
link between today and tha vMy of ths .
missionary, when Oregooj'was consid
ered foreign territory. .
Dr. Marcus Whitman, !, the autumn
f 1836. wert east to feerfche additional -.
missionaries for the wo(,-.in Oregon.
One of the first to enliKg, in "the mis
sionary work was Mia .Nrcls!a prn
tiss of Prattsburg. Hi ; Dr. Whit
man and Misa Prentt4-?f ere married '
in February,. 13. Wit'jm the next
few weeks Dr. Whltmsnimet Rev.. II. -H.
Spalding and his briie. who were
on their way as misstcarles to the
Osage Indiana. Dr. WhljQan told them
of the greater need of fZe Indians be
yond the Rocklea, sqhey changed
thlr destination an4 ydsi-lded to go
with Dr. Whitman. 'Rhey. were Joined '
at Liberty. Mo., by William H. Oray
of Utlca. N. Y the father of Mrs. 'iA-
cob Kamm. At Ub-rty, Dr. Whitman
purchased wagons and trams, as well
as packhoraeK and riding animals.
Oregon today is. nearer to the At
lantic seaboard than Philadelphia was
to New York In those daiys. Today It
only a matter of five days' travel
to go from coast to ruaijt. In those
days Oregon was a foreign field and
permission had to be secured from the
secretary of war to go JO Oregon.
In the rooms of the Oregon Histor
ical society may be-ae two framed
documents that tell the story of the
change that has occurred in the past
75 years. The upper one reads fol
lows: if'-
This Is to certify that William H.
Gray has been appointed: and Is here
by duly authorized to acTas an asalst
snt missionary of the Anterlcan Board
of Commissioners for Frelgn Missions,
Boston, Mass., March l.183s.
Beneath It Is the. passport Issued by
tha aecreturv of war raadlns aa fol
lows:
"William H. Gray, missionary and
teacher of the American B"rd of Com
missioners for Foreign , Missions to
the tribea weat of the; Itocky moun
tains, having signified o the depart
ment his desire topaaS through the
Indian country to the Columbia river,
and j-equested the permission required
by law to enable him so t6 do, such
permission is hereby granted and he
is commended to the friendly atten
tions of civil and military agents and
all officers snd all cltlaens, and If at
any time It shall be neceasary. to their
protection. -
"Given under my hand and seal of
the war department, this twenty-seventh
day of February, 1138.
"J. RUPOINBKTT.
"Secretary of War."
The Ragtime Muse
Taxes and City Payrolls.
Portland, Or., March 6. To the Edi
tor of The Journal I am a working
man, and my whole income last year
was $980. Before last year it was
Temperance, Not Prohibition.
Gervais. Or., March 4. To the Ed
itor of The Journal Though it be but
a nom de plume, we lift our hat to
the fair name "Mother." No mother's
heart need break neither a sister's
nor a wife's for drunkards can be put
on the blacklist and anyone giving
them liquor- prosecuted.
Agreeing with O. E. Frank of P.eed
ville, manufacturers should organize
to cooperate with the law, disposers
should be forced to a higher level,
saloons should be limited, and licenst
abolished as graft. All my .lfe I have
been a temperance reformer. "Mother"'
got into the wrong shoes; she Is only
a Prohibitionist. I did not nickname,
as did she, quoting Josh Billings, the
wets and the drys. mere is some
thing radically wrong. People don't
want the wets- or the drys. Thijy
want order and temperance not pro
hibition. They don't want destruc
tion, in part, to the producers of wheat,
oats, rye, barley, potatoes, apples,
prunes, loganberries, grapes and to
hops, the least harmful beverage and
the greatest help to the producer and
laborer, a total destruction. ,
The grape industry means to Califor
nia growers millions of dollars. Jack
London may - have ridden down : the
valley of the moon to vote dry, but if
his life s work was at Btake he would
ride the other way. Let producers
from every nook and hamlet rise land
ride down the valley of the sun with
me, and all vote wet. Let all deal
ers come up to our level for a com
mon cause, do right, then let the
wide world wag. 1
ELLA M. FINNEY.
In the meantime rebels' victories
multiplied; shortly, every northern
state was in rebel hands. Francisco
Villa, who had been one of Madero's
generals, took the field with Carranza.
It is true that Pascual Orozco went
to Huerta's side, but a blight seemed
to be-placed on all his former prowess,
and defeats met him at every turn.
How to get money and how to raise
an army were Huerta's problems. He
set about to do these things, but every
dollar he raised by taxation only made
him a new enemy and every peon
whom he forced Into the army only
gave htm another soldier on whom he
could not depend. ay tne sevenin
month of his rule he had built up a
large army and had distributed it
about the country; but he could not
pay it.
"You must ray these soldiers, he
ordered Ihe business men and farmers
of the various districts, "or I will
withdraw them." In many cases the
business men and farmers chose not
to have the federal soldiers in their
localities. They preferred. Indeed, to
have the rebels rule over them, for
the federals were men or a low Class,
many of them conscripted criminals
turned loose from the Jails; cruel,
heartless and insatiable for money,
women and alcohol. Neither could
Labor Problem.
I long to do what's decent.
I like to ao wnat s risin
My heart is kind. . ,
1 have a mind f
That's tolerably . brfiht.
I- try to love my neighbor,
I try to love my work.
But now and then
Come seasons when -I
much delight to shirk!
When solemn vlsaged '-duty
Says, frownlngly: "You must.
Then I rebel
And so raiser well.
An awful cloud of dWt.
'
For no man should biNflrlven.
And he's not truly, .brave
Who wears in pain '..
Compulaiona chain i
As duty's sullen alsvel
Wev greatly need revi4on
Of work that's to be done.
Till each shall ak ,
Some useful task' , v
By way of having fdn.
To ro and help some tjeighbor
Who's buy oatchlnjg-, fish.
Or aome sucn t.ilng
During the months that Huerta was
holding the government by force, Felix
Diaz, nephew of the former president
and accomplice of Huerta In the over
throw of Madero. was discovering the
truth of the old-adage, "Traitor to
one. traitor to all."
Huerta sent Diss on a mission to
Japan to thank the government there
for its participation In the Mexican
centennial celebration of 1910. Thia
was a laughable mission. At least
four men, leaders whom the Maderos
or Huerta desired to leave the coun
try, had been started off for Japan
only to be stopped on the way, in
Europe, with orders to remain in
Europe. As soon as Diax got his
orders he knew their significance. He
was to be thrust aside. But he started,
nevertheless. He got as far as Vic
toria, B. C. Then he turned round
and started back for Mexico, deter
mined to make a fight for his rights
He landed at Vera Cruz, lie placed - x poor reputation
nimseir unaer m protection 01 jonntthan n0ne at all.
Lind. a special representative or
To me would bring J
whicn r-
The Joy for
wish.
Pointed Paragraphs
Cleave to the good snd3e a cleaver
on the rest. $
Today's buds may
wall flowers.
If Gas Were Unmetered. i
Portland, March 4. To the Editor
of The Journal I iulva been r-4.aAm,y
ou less, i pay n 4uuu wortn of the Oregonlan for more than 20
of property, my home. I pay by in- j years, admire Its editorials regarding
stallment for house, lot and about 1200 religion, literature, etc., but in regard
in street improvement, and my taxes! to public questions It Is often on the
are about $60. I think this Is too wrong side. And so it is in regard to
heavy a burden to carry, having a water meters. Meters are the Only
family of four to support, working 10 Just and sensible things, the best way
hours a day and not always steady to stop waste. Let the gas company
work. take out the meters, and the result
Then 1 see tlfat policemen, firemen, 1 would be that the big plant could; not
etc, are paid $100 per month, and are t furnish half of the gas that would be
also asking for a pension system. I used. ' The same law applies to I the
They have shorter hours ' and easier
work to perform, not to speak of su
perior officers, who 'are far more over
paid; and. I wonder if it Is right that
I should pay taxes to support- such
people that the servants should have
more pay and ' easier work than the
masters, the taxpayers. So I : believe
that $2000 should be exempt from tax
ation or 1 per cent tax collected, so
that the small home owners should not
be bit so hard. I also think that the
water. I can not comprehend how! any
honest person can see it in any other
light. SUBSCRIBER
Free Tolls.
Martin's Bluff, Wash, March 5.-To
the Editor of The Journal According
to R. Chilcott's ideas, the Panama ca
nal was built for the benefit of Amer
ican shipping and the lumber trusts of
Washington and Oregon. The people of
the east are not considered. If they
hja. tomorrow s
4
my
be better
Never call a woman sn old hen be-
Prepldent Wilson, who had been sent
to Mexico to endeavor to bring about cause she Is set In her Jaaya
Huerta's retirement. Within a few a
days he saw that his life was In
danger. In the night he made his way
to the American consulate and asked
to be allowed to go to an American
warship in the harbor. His request
if a woman Is thin she can make
up for it, but there is no help for ths
obese.
a
No man cart appreciate tne nest ot
was granted and. within two days he u unt af ter he ha. ot th, wort
was in Havana, Cuba. But Huerta's
long arm followed him there. Three
assassins tried to kill him. He escaped
with his life, though he was painfully
Injured.
of it a
few times.
SAVINGS BANKS, TOO, WERE FLOODED
By John M. Oskison. 1
In January and February of this
year, there occurred a mild stampede
of Investors toward the bond market,
a lowering of the Interest rate on bor
rowed money, and a consequent ex
pansion of credit, and a renewal of
stock market speculation. Would the
average observer have predicted, at
the same time, an extraorainary rusn
of depositors to the savings banK?
Certainly 1 snouio not nave maae
that prediction. Yet tnat is exactly
what occurred. Apparently the hoard
ers regained confidence in savings
banks.
In the first ten days of January ono
of the biggest savings banks In New
York City received more tnan fj.bou.
000 half a million more than during
the same period last year. Less than
$3,000,000 was withdrawn in tne saire
time for investment by depositors who
waited to get the Interest credited to
their accounts on" the first of Janu
ary. Here was a clear gain 01 more
than $500,000 ror one Dana.
At another big bank, the president
said that while last year, in the first -of-the-year
transactions, the with-
Wonder what wouldT:happen If the
Lord were to follow all the advice that
Is handed to him In prayer?
s
After a sir! gets married she) helps
her girl friends to tb same sort of
trouble.
a, . ,
Did it ever occur to. you that the
majority of men who JJvs the simple
the remarkable world by double strength Steele baraT
the banks waa
The Trnth.
Pf?3-
drawals exceeded the deposits by $700,
COO, this year the balance swung the
other way to $o50,000:
One New York savings bank prea-iife ere separated from-the rest of the
ldent thought that
flow of deposits to
due to the final giving up by the aver
aga mui 01 me iuu iiia country 1 n j
is on the verge of a panic suoi a T ...w h nri,i-'
panic as would wreck business, send I Th. world ee.ka me . -
security values tumbling, and probably For I am "The Llghfand "The Way.'
rim, manv tt In, titflnva Kink, I T u m All. -
Of course, people know that the sav- But by few known.
1 , . .w .1 . . . I Yet all must seek.
positors' money Is loaned to cities an4 "-Av tn'.ii""4'
states (through the purchase by the h.-or i am 'The Voice"-Snd "The Wort."
savings banks' trustees of municipal Yet many, with ear si -are deafer than
and state bonds), and loaned on rrvort- I the stones.
era m t Hal mm Ca - - V. 1 I arive Life.
a. the T flrsI oi ttZ T-r Itl "k Dtft
m ...v., And I, Truth, am Life,
deposits. It also showed a renewal of t vnn i ir, tn k Vr
confidence in ths credit of cities and Science and all knowledge Is my hand-
states and in ths essential worth of I maid.
irifc ica, fjoiain, i - - - -- - - -
H,fi DaflirVnrir. never bar-
. . . . . i monise with i-ire.
good timea that is what ths savings go. go and sin no mir.
Jan oniciais say is tne meaning 01 1 Lflve eeeKem me,
the flood of denoalta whli-h hia Ac- For I sm lv. '
scended upon! them.
T am Thai Christ. ,r
1 1 am The Lord and God of All.
in the east can have the benefit of Can
adian cheap lumber, why not let them
have it? Mr. Chilcott's arguments all
tepd to protecting American . shipping
and the lumber trusts. The consumers
are left out in the cold. If it were not
for ths competition which the Cana
dian product produces, easterners
would be paying from $10 to $15 per
thousand more, and this boost of the
price would go Into the pockets of the
lumber trusts and the carriers. If
American shipping has to be bolstered
up by this bogus cry. for keeping sea
men's wages up. etc.. we muat admit
that we are still hankering after the
trail of the old standpatters. Besides.
if American shipping can't stand the
competition they can go halibut fish
ing. , FRED QUARRIE.
Seeks Good Location.
Portland. March 6. To the Editor of
Ths Journal I would like to know of
some good small, growing town In
Washington where a man could buy a
home and where there are mills or min.
Ing. Would Centralla he a good place?
Kindly inform me through your paper
of some good, live town in Washington.
M. A. ROT.
Centralla has both mills and mines.
The same advantages are possessed
also by the Coos Bay region. In Oregon.
The inquirer might do well to address
the Commercial clubs of towns in
which there seems a probability that
be might beopme suitably located.)
White Wu an Architect.
Prescptt, Or., March 3. To the
Editor of The' Journal To settle a dis
pute, kindly answer this question:
What was Stanford White's occupa
tion when he was shot by Harry K.
Thaw? V. J. ANDERSON.
Even If a man has no other bad
habit he is apt to send souvenir post
cards to his friends every time he has
occasion to visit another town.
The Sunday Journal
Consisting of
Comprehensive news reports.
Weekly reviews. ? from many
fields. . i -
Varied features invitingly pre
sented. '-;
Departments for ' woman and
the borne. if
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